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  • R: disentangling scopes

    - by rescdsk
    Hi, Right now, in my R project, I have functions1.R with doFoo() and doBar(), functions2.R with other functions, and main.R with the main program in it, which first does source('functions1.R'); source('functions2.R'), and then calls the other functions. I've been starting the program from the R GUI in Mac OS X, with source('main.R'). This is fine the first time, but after that, the variables that were defined the first time through the program are defined for the second time functions*.R are sourced, and so the functions get a whole bunch of extra variables defined. I don't want that! I want an "undefined variable" error when my function uses a variable it shouldn't! Twice this has given me very late nights of debugging! So how do other people deal with this sort of problem? Is there something like source(), but that makes an independent namespace that doesn't fall through to the main one? Making a package seems like one solution, but it seems like a big pain in the butt compared to e.g. Python, where a source file is automatically a separate namespace. Any tips? Thank you!

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  • Buddy List: Relational Database Table Design

    - by huntaub
    So, the modern concept of the buddy list: Let's say we have a table called Person. Now, that Person needs to have many buddies (of which each buddy is also in the person class). The most obvious way to construct a relationship would be through a join table. i.e. buddyID person1_id person2_id 0 1 2 1 3 6 But, when a user wants to see their buddy list, the program would have to check the column 'person1_id' and 'person2_id' to find all of their buddies. Is this the appropriate way to implement this kind of table, or would it be better to add the record twice.. i.e. buddyID person1_id person2_id 0 1 2 1 2 1 So that only one column has to be searched. Thanks in advance.

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  • Saving a reference to a int.

    - by Scott Chamberlain
    Here is a much simplified version of what I am trying to do static void Main(string[] args) { int test = 0; int test2 = 0; Test A = new Test(ref test); Test B = new Test(ref test); Test C = new Test(ref test2); A.write(); //Writes 1 should write 1 B.write(); //Writes 1 should write 2 C.write(); //Writes 1 should write 1 Console.ReadLine(); } class Test { int _a; public Test(ref int a) { _a = a; //I loose the reference here } public void write() { var b = System.Threading.Interlocked.Increment(ref _a); Console.WriteLine(b); } } In my real code I have a int that will be incremented by many threads however where the threads a called it will not be easy to pass it the parameter that points it at the int(In the real code this is happening inside a IEnumerator). So a requirement is the reference must be made in the constructor. Also not all threads will be pointing at the same single base int so I can not use a global static int either. I know I can just box the int inside a class and pass the class around but I wanted to know if that is the correct way of doing something like this? What I think could be the correct way: static void Main(string[] args) { Holder holder = new Holder(0); Holder holder2 = new Holder(0); Test A = new Test(holder); Test B = new Test(holder); Test C = new Test(holder2); A.write(); //Writes 1 should write 1 B.write(); //Writes 2 should write 2 C.write(); //Writes 1 should write 1 Console.ReadLine(); } class Holder { public Holder(int i) { num = i; } public int num; } class Test { Holder _holder; public Test(Holder holder) { _holder = holder; } public void write() { var b = System.Threading.Interlocked.Increment(ref _holder.num); Console.WriteLine(b); } } Is there a better way than this?

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  • Legacy code - when to move on

    - by Mmarquee
    My team and support a large number of legacy applications all of which are currently functional but problematic to support and maintain. They all depend on code that the compiler manufacture has officially no support for. So the question is should we leave the code as is, and risk a new compiler breaking our code, or should we bite the bullet and update all the code?

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  • REST API error return good practices

    - by Remus Rusanu
    I'm looking for guidance on good practices when it comes to return errors from a REST API. I'm working on a new API so I can take it any direction right now. My content type is XML at the moment, but I plan to support JSON in future. I am now adding some error cases, like for instance a client attempts to add a new resource but has exceeded his storage quota. I am already handling certain error cases with HTTP status codes (401 for authentication, 403 for authorization and 404 for plain bad request URIs). I looked over the blessed HTTP error codes but none of the 400-417 range seems right to report application specific errors. So at first I was tempted to return my application error with 200 OK and a specific XML payload (ie. Pay us more and you'll get the storage you need!) but I stopped to think about it and it seems to soapy (/shrug in horror). Besides it feels like I'm splitting the error responses into distinct cases, as some are http status code driven and other are content driven. So what is the SO crowd recommendation? Good practices (please explain why!) and also, from a client pov, what kind of error handling in the REST API makes life easier for the client code?

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  • Where to store 3rd party libraries?

    - by zerkms
    I have asp.net mvc 2 application. Now I'm reimplementing it for working with Ninject. All is fine except one thing: where should I store Ninject.dll?? I've created lib directory inside my appdir and made reference to lib/Ninject.dll. But may be there are some general conventions on how to act in such cases?

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  • Why is it preferable to call a static method statically from within an instance of the method's clas

    - by javanix
    If I create an instance of a class in Java, why is it preferable to call a static method of that same class statically, rather than using this.method()? I get a warning from Eclipse when I try to call static method staticMethod() from within the custom class's constructor via this.staticMethod(). public MyClass() { this.staticMethod(); } vs public MyClass() { MyClass.staticMethod(); } Can anyone explain why this is a bad thing to do? It seems to me like the compiler should already have allocated an instance of the object, so statically allocating memory would be unneeded overhead.

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  • Should I throw my own ArgumentOutOfRangeException or let one bubble up from below?

    - by Neil N
    I have a class that wraps List< I have GetValue by index method: public RenderedImageInfo GetValue(int index) { list[index].LastRetrieved = DateTime.Now; return list[index]; } If the user requests an index that is out of range, this will throw an ArgumentOutOfRangeException . Should I just let this happen or check for it and throw my own? i.e. public RenderedImageInfo GetValue(int index) { if (index >= list.Count) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("index"); } list[index].LastRetrieved = DateTime.Now; return list[index]; } In the first scenario, the user would have an exception from the internal list, which breaks mt OOP goal of the user not needing to know about the underlying objects. But in the second scenario, I feel as though I am adding redundant code. Edit: And now that I think of it, what about a 3rd scenario, where I catch the internal exception, modify it, and rethrow it?

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  • Procedures before checking in to source control?

    - by Mongus Pong
    I am starting to get a reputation at work as the "guy who breaks the builds". The problem is not that I am writing dodgy code, but when it comes to checking my fixes back into source control, it all goes wrong. I am regularly doing stupid things like : forgetting to add new files accidentally checking in code for a half fixed bug along with another bug fix forgetting to save the files in VS before checking them in I need to develop some habits / tools to stop this. What do you regularly do to ensure the code you check in is correct and is what needs to go in? Edit I forgot to mention that things can get pretty chaotic in this place. I quite often have two or three things that Im working on in the same code base at any one time. When I check in I will only really want to check in one of those things.

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  • What is the best area for freelance / small business developer work - and how to find it

    - by Olav
    Most freelance developers are essentially contractors - working full time and often hired through another company. What are the best options for real freelancing or small business built around development skills? (I am only looking for local clients, odesk etc is not interesting) Most options open for small companies are web sites. But most clients don't want to pay much, and there are lots of people that are willing to do it for very little money. Think if you want to do money that way you must be a "web site" business. Think the best option should be to work for companies spending a lot of resources on web and db? How could I get in touch with them? Other ideas? Part of my concept is to use some off-shoring to complement my skillset, so i should be able to do PHP or Drupal even if I am not at expert level.

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  • Best way to learn how to use FPGAs

    - by Myrrdyn
    In next weeks probably I will have some little FPGA to play with. I have a programmer background (C, C++, Java mostly) and some (very) limited experience in electronics. What are the best tools to know if you want to develop on FPGAs? What are the best languages to study? (what HW description languages?) Have you some examples of little "toy projects" that can be interesting, easy, and "eye-opener"? Thanks in advance. Edit: More details: if I understood correctly, the device I will be playing on will have an ARM core (no idea which one) and a 300k gates FPGA I'm looking specifically at some Linux free sw / open source tools...

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  • Going from small to medium sized websites.

    - by Landitus
    I've been coding websites for a couple of years now, mostly in php and xhtml. I come from the design world, but I'm proud of doing standart compliant websites and great interfaces. Also used Wordpress and loved it. Most of the time there were really simple commercial websites, with no database included, where everything is done from scratch. Every page is parsed through an index?page=xxx and But I have a few prospects that are larger websites (let's call them 'medium sized websites') where I feel I'm lacking the following: How to dispach or render the pages (MVC controller instead of index?page=???) Proper page hierarchy and easy breadcrumbs implementation Auto generation of navigation menu, or an easy way to maintain them? Clean URLs Form validation Easy database support I really don't know if I should be looking into php scripts, and refine my skills or get into a CMS (like drupal) or a PHP framework. I found Wordpress very assuring and didn't feel trapped into crazy conventions, but I feel is not the right tool for this. I hate the CMS Page with the big textbox as I am used to code every page by hand my pages are not a title and a textbox. Got the feeling? My php skills are sort of medium/low still, but I would like to hear some thoughts of what I should learn to take the next step!

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  • Coding styles for html

    - by Hulk
    Hi, Please the coding standard followed for HTML .Please suggest links that the has the coding styles for html.(like Camel case or .....) <table> <tr> <td> Data </td> </tr> </table> Thanks..

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  • Standardizing a Release/Tools group on a specific language

    - by grahzny
    I'm part of a six-member build and release team for an embedded software company. We also support a lot of developer tools, such as Atlassian's Fisheye, Jira, etc., Perforce, Bugzilla, AnthillPro, and a couple of homebrew tools (like my Django release notes generator). Most of the time, our team just writes little plugins for larger apps (ex: customize workflows in Anthill), long-term utility scripts (package up a release for QA), or things like Perforce triggers (don't let people check into a specific branch unless their change description includes a bug number; authenticate against Active Directory instead of Perforce's internal passwords). That's about the scale of our problems, although we sometimes tackle something slightly more sizable. My boss, who is reasonably technical, has asked us to standardize on one or two languages so we can more easily substitute for each other. He's advocating bash scripts and Perl, due to their universality and simplicity. I can see his point--we mostly do "glue", so why not use "glue" languages rather than saddle ourselves with something designed for much larger projects? Since some of the tools we work with are Java-based, we do need to use something that speaks JVM sometimes. (The path of least resistance for these projects is BeanShell and Groovy.) I feel a tremendous itch toward language advocacy, but I'm trying to avoid saying "We should use Python 'cause I like it and Perl is gross." Instead, I'm trying to come up with a good approach to defining our problem set: what problems do we solve with scripts? Would we benefit from a library of common functions by our team, or are most of our projects more isolated? What is it reasonable to expect my co-workers to learn? What languages give us the most ease of development and ease of modification? Can you folks suggest some useful ways to approach this problem, both for my own thinking process and to help me facilitate some brainstorming among my coworkers?

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  • do I need to use partial?

    - by wiso
    I've a general function, for example (only a simplified example): def do_operation(operation, a, b, name): print name do_something_more(a,b,name, operation(a,b)) def operation_x(a,b): return a**2 + b def operation_y(a,b): return a**10 - b/2. and some data: data = {"first": {"name": "first summation", "a": 10, "b": 20, "operation": operation_x}, "second": {"name": "second summation", "a": 20, "b": 50, "operation": operation_y}, "third": {"name": "third summation", "a": 20, "b": 50, "operation": operation_x}, # <-- operation_x again } now I can do: what_to_do = ("first", "third") # this comes from command line for sum_id in what_to_do: do_operation(data["operation"], data["a"], data["b"], data["name"]) or maybe it's better if I use functools.partial? from functools import partial do_operation_one = do_operation(name=data["first"]["name"], operation=data["first"]["operation"], a=data["first"]["a"], b=data["first"]["b"]) do_operation_two = do_operation(name=data["second"]["name"], operation=data["second"]["operation"] a=data["second"]["a"], b=data["second"]["b"]) do_operation_three = do_operation(name=data["third"]["name"], operation=data["third"]["operation"] a=data["third"]["a"], b=data["third"]["b"]) do_dictionary = { "first": do_operation_one, "second": do_operation_two, "third": do_operation_three } for what in what_to_do: do_dictionary[what]()

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  • Blackberry User Interface Design - Customizable UI?

    - by John Stewart
    I am trying to design a Blackberry Application and I am wondering if there are any resources on how to create custom user interface elements, skin existing ones and what other possibilities are there? I have developed a few iPhone applications with custom UI and stuff, so not sure what BB world offers in terms of UI development. Any tips, suggestions or ideas would be great.

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  • send credentials with url, possible?

    - by Dejan.S
    Hi. I got a web service that I protect with basic authentication and use ssl. to make it easy for the clients that are gone use this web service I want to skip the 401 and send the credentials with the url (I would like so the customer can access the web service with url from their code / web app), question is this possible? I know about headers but a lot of the clients gone use this do not got the proper developing team to do code. thanks

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  • When to use "property" builtin: auxiliary functions and generators

    - by Seth Johnson
    I recently discovered Python's property built-in, which disguises class method getters and setters as a class's property. I'm now being tempted to use it in ways that I'm pretty sure are inappropriate. Using the property keyword is clearly the right thing to do if class A has a property _x whose allowable values you want to restrict; i.e., it would replace the getX() and setX() construction one might write in C++. But where else is it appropriate to make a function a property? For example, if you have class Vertex(object): def __init__(self): self.x = 0.0 self.y = 1.0 class Polygon(object): def __init__(self, list_of_vertices): self.vertices = list_of_vertices def get_vertex_positions(self): return zip( *( (v.x,v.y) for v in self.vertices ) ) is it appropriate to add vertex_positions = property( get_vertex_positions ) ? Is it ever ok to make a generator look like a property? Imagine if a change in our code meant that we no longer stored Polygon.vertices the same way. Would it then be ok to add this to Polygon? @property def vertices(self): for v in self._new_v_thing: yield v.calculate_equivalent_vertex()

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