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  • How to create a copy of an instance without having access to private variables

    - by Jamie
    Im having a bit of a problem. Let me show you the code first: public class Direction { private CircularList xSpeed, zSpeed; private int[] dirSquare = {-1, 0, 1, 0}; public Direction(int xSpeed, int zSpeed){ this.xSpeed = new CircularList(dirSquare, xSpeed); this.zSpeed = new CircularList(dirSquare, zSpeed); } public Direction(Point dirs){ this(dirs.x, dirs.y); } public void shiftLeft(){ xSpeed.shiftLeft(); zSpeed.shiftRight(); } public void shiftRight(){ xSpeed.shiftRight(); zSpeed.shiftLeft(); } public int getXSpeed(){ return this.xSpeed.currentValue(); } public int getZSpeed(){ return this.zSpeed.currentValue(); } } Now lets say i have an instance of Direction: Direction dir = new Direction(0, 0); As you can see in the code of Direction, the arguments fed to the constructor, are passed directly to some other class. One cannot be sure if they stay the same because methods shiftRight() and shiftLeft could have been called, which changes thos numbers. My question is, how do i create a completely new instance of Direction, that is basically copy(not by reference) of dir? The only way i see it, is to create public methods in both CircularList(i can post the code of this class, but its not relevant) and Direction that return the variables needed to create a copy of the instance, but this solution seems really dirty since those numbers are not supposed to be touched after beeing fed to the constructor, and therefore they are private.

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  • Should I just always Convert.ToInt32 my integers to account for potential nullable integers?

    - by Rowan Freeman
    If my MSSQL database contains a data type that is NULL (i.e. null is allowed) then ORMs, such as EntityFramework in my case, create .NET objects that are nullable. This is great, and the way I use nullables is like this: C# int? someInt = 5; int newInt = someInt.Value; // woot VB.NET Dim someInt As Integer? Dim newInt As Integer = someInt.Value ' hooray However, recently I had to make a change to the database to make an Id field no longer NULL (nullable). This means that .Value is now broken. This is a nuisance if the Id property is used a lot. One solution that I thought of is to just use Convert.ToInt32 on Id fields so it doesn't matter if an int is nullable or not. C# int newInt = Convert.ToInt32(someInt); // always compiles VB.NET Dim newInt As Integer = Convert.ToInt32(someInt) ' always compiles Is this a bad approach and are there any alternatives?

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  • Customizing the Test Status on the TFS 2010 SSRS Stories Overview Report

    - by Bob Hardister
    This post shows how to customize the SQL query used by the Team Foundation Server 2010 SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS) Stories Overview Report. The objective is to show test status for the current version while including user story status of the current and prior versions.  Why? Because we don’t copy completed user stories into the next release. We only want one instance of a user story for the product because we believe copies can get out of sync when they are supposed to be the same. In the example below, work items for the current version are on the area path root and prior versions are not on the area path root. However, you can use area path or iteration path criteria in the query as suits your needs. In any case, here’s how you do it: 1. Download a copy of the report RDL file as a backup 2. Open the report by clicking the edit down arrow and selecting “Edit in Report Builder” 3. Right click on the dsOverview Dataset and select Dataset Properties 4. Update the following SQL per the comments in the code: Customization 1 of 3 … -- Get the list deliverable workitems that have Test Cases linked DECLARE @TestCases Table (DeliverableID int, TestCaseID int); INSERT @TestCases     SELECT h.ID, flh.TargetWorkItemID     FROM @Hierarchy h         JOIN FactWorkItemLinkHistory flh             ON flh.SourceWorkItemID = h.ID                 AND flh.WorkItemLinkTypeSK = @TestedByLinkTypeSK                 AND flh.RemovedDate = CONVERT(DATETIME, '9999', 126)                 AND flh.TeamProjectCollectionSK = @TeamProjectCollectionSK         JOIN [CurrentWorkItemView] wi ON flh.TargetWorkItemID = wi.[System_ID]                  AND wi.[System_WorkItemType] = @TestCase             AND wi.ProjectNodeGUID  = @ProjectGuid              --  Customization 1 of 3: only include test status information when test case area path = root. Added the following 2 statements              AND wi.AreaPath = '{the root area path of the team project}'  …          Customization 2 of 3 … -- Get the Bugs linked to the deliverable workitems directly DECLARE @Bugs Table (ID int, ActiveBugs int, ResolvedBugs int, ClosedBugs int, ProposedBugs int) INSERT @Bugs     SELECT h.ID,         SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Active THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Active,         SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Resolved THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Resolved,         SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Closed THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Closed,         SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Proposed THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Proposed     FROM @Hierarchy h         JOIN FactWorkItemLinkHistory flh             ON flh.SourceWorkItemID = h.ID             AND flh.TeamProjectCollectionSK = @TeamProjectCollectionSK         JOIN [CurrentWorkItemView] wi             ON wi.[System_WorkItemType] = @Bug             AND wi.[System_Id] = flh.TargetWorkItemID             AND flh.RemovedDate = CONVERT(DATETIME, '9999', 126)             AND wi.[ProjectNodeGUID] = @ProjectGuid              --  Customization 2 of 3: only include test status information when test case area path = root. Added the following statement              AND wi.AreaPath = '{the root area path of the team project}'       GROUP BY h.ID … Customization 2 of 3 … -- Add the Bugs linked to the Test Cases which are linked to the deliverable workitems -- Walks the links from the user stories to test cases (via the tested by link), and then to -- bugs that are linked to the test case. We don't need to join to the test case in the work -- item history view. -- --    [WIT:User Story/Requirement] --> [Link:Tested By]--> [Link:any type] --> [WIT:Bug] INSERT @Bugs SELECT tc.DeliverableID,     SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Active THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Active,     SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Resolved THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Resolved,     SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Closed THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Closed,     SUM (CASE WHEN wi.[System_State] = @Proposed THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) Proposed FROM @TestCases tc     JOIN FactWorkItemLinkHistory flh         ON flh.SourceWorkItemID = tc.TestCaseID         AND flh.RemovedDate = CONVERT(DATETIME, '9999', 126)         AND flh.TeamProjectCollectionSK = @TeamProjectCollectionSK     JOIN [CurrentWorkItemView] wi         ON wi.[System_Id] = flh.TargetWorkItemID         AND wi.[System_WorkItemType] = @Bug         AND wi.[ProjectNodeGUID] = @ProjectGuid         --  Customization 3 of 3: only include test status information when test case area path = root. Added the following statement         AND wi.AreaPath = '{the root area path of the team project}'     GROUP BY tc.DeliverableID … 5. Save the report and you’re all set. Note: you may need to re-apply custom parameter changes like pre-selected sprints.

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  • time issue in render libgdx [duplicate]

    - by jaysingh
    This question is an exact duplicate of: time issue in render libgdx [duplicate] pls. help how to implement this loop in render method next_game_tick and GetTickCount(); always contain same time value. so position never updated @Override public void render() { float deltaTime = Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime(); Update(deltaTime); Render(deltaTime); } const int TICKS_PER_SECOND = 50; const int SKIP_TICKS = 1000 / TICKS_PER_SECOND; const int MAX_FRAMESKIP = 10; DWORD next_game_tick = GetTickCount(); int loops; bool game_is_running = true; while( game_is_running ) { loops = 0; while( GetTickCount() > next_game_tick && loops < MAX_FRAMESKIP) { update_game(); next_game_tick += SKIP_TICKS; loops++; } display_game(); }

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  • time issue in render libgdx [duplicate]

    - by jaysingh
    This question is an exact duplicate of: deWitters Game loop in libgdx(Android) pls. help how to implement this loop in render method next_game_tick and GetTickCount(); always contain same time value so player position not updated. @Override public void render() { float deltaTime = Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime(); Update(deltaTime); Render(deltaTime); } const int TICKS_PER_SECOND = 50; const int SKIP_TICKS = 1000 / TICKS_PER_SECOND; const int MAX_FRAMESKIP = 10; DWORD next_game_tick = GetTickCount(); int loops; bool game_is_running = true; while( game_is_running ) { loops = 0; while( GetTickCount() > next_game_tick && loops < MAX_FRAMESKIP) { update_game(); next_game_tick += SKIP_TICKS; loops++; } display_game(); }

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  • How to configure Logitech Marble trackball

    - by user27189
    You can configure it using xinput. I tested this in 11.10 and it works very nicely. This selection is from "Ubuntuwiki" Avoid using Hal for this release because it has known issues. Put the following into terminal, using gedit: Edit $HOME/bin/trackball.sh using this command: gedit $HOME/bin/trackball.sh Then paste this into the file: #!/bin/bash dev="Logitech USB Trackball" we="Evdev Wheel Emulation" xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "$we Button" 8 8 xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "$we" 8 1 # xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "$we" 8 1 # xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "$we Button" 8 9 # xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "$we X Axis" 8 6 7 # xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "$we Y Axis" 8 4 5 # xinput set-int-prop "$dev" "Drag Lock Buttons" 8 8 Make sure trackball.sh begins with #!/bin/bash. Make the script executable by running this: chmod +x $HOME/bin/trackball.sh` Add the following lines to $HOME/.bashrc, using gedit $HOME/.bashrc and put this in the file even if it is empty: xmodmap $HOME/.Xmodmap > /dev/null 2>&1 $HOME/bin/trackball.sh Edit $HOME/.Xmodmap using: gedit $HOME/.Xmodmap pointer = 1 8 3 4 5 6 7 9 Log out and back in and viola!

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  • What is an effective way to convert a shared memory-mapped system to another data access model?

    - by Rob Jones
    I have a code base that is designed around shared memory. Each process that needs to access the memory maps it into its own address space. The data structures in the shared memory are directly accessed, that is, there is no API. For example: Assume the following: typedef struct { int x; int y; struct { int a; int b; } z; } myStruct; myStruct s; Then a process might access this structure as: myStruct *s = mapGlobalMem(); And use it as: int tmpX = s->x; The majority of the information in the global structure is configuration information that is set once and read many times. I would like to store this information in a database and develop an API to access the database. The problem is, these references are sprinkled throughout the code. I need a way to parse the code and identify global structure references that will need to be refactored. I've looked into using ANTLR to create a parser that will identify references to a small set of structures and enter them into a custom symbol table. I could then use this symbol table to identify which source files need to be refactored. It looks like a promising approach. What other approaches are there? Of course, I'm looking for a programmatic approach. There are far too many source files to examine each one visually. This is all ordinary ANSI C. Nothing else.

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  • how to avoid flickering in awt [on hold]

    - by Ishanth
    import java.awt.event.*; import java.awt.*; class circle1 extends Frame implements KeyListener { public int a=300; public int b=70; public int pacx=360; public int pacy=270; public circle1() { setTitle("circle"); addKeyListener(this); repaint(); } public void paint(Graphics g) { g.fillArc (a, b, 60, 60,pacx,pacy); } public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { int key=e.getKeyCode(); System.out.println(key); if(key==38) { b=b-5; //move pacman up pacx=135;pacy=270; //packman mouth upside if(b==75&&a>=20||b==75&&a<=945) { b=b+5; } else { repaint(); } } else if(key==40) { b=b+5; //move pacman downside pacx=315; pacy=270; //packman mouth down if(b==645&&a>=20||b==645&&a<=940) { b=b-5; } else{ repaint(); } } else if(key==37) { a=a-5; //move pacman leftside pacx=227; pacy=270; //packman mouth left if(a==15&&b>=75||a==15&&b<=640) { a=a+5; } else { repaint(); } } else if(key==39) { a=a+5; //move pacman rightside pacx=42;pacy=270; //packman mouth right if(a==945&&a>=80||a==945&&b<=640) { a=a-5; } else { repaint(); } } } public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e){} public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e){} public static void main(String args[]) { circle1 c=new circle1(); c.setVisible(true); c.setSize(400,400); } }

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  • How to prevent duplicate data access methods that retrieve similar data?

    - by Ronald Wildenberg
    In almost every project I work on with a team, the same problem seems to creep in. Someone writes UI code that needs data and writes a data access method: AssetDto GetAssetById(int assetId) A week later someone else is working on another part of the application and also needs an AssetDto but now including 'approvers' and writes the following: AssetDto GetAssetWithApproversById(int assetId) A month later someone needs an asset but now including the 'questions' (or the 'owners' or the 'running requests', etc): AssetDto GetAssetWithQuestionsById(int assetId) AssetDto GetAssetWithOwnersById(int assetId) AssetDto GetAssetWithRunningRequestsById(int assetId) And it gets even worse when methods like GetAssetWithOwnerAndQuestionsById start to appear. You see the pattern that emerges: an object is attached to a large object graph and you need different parts of this graph in different locations. Of course, I'd like to prevent having a large number of methods that do almost the same. Is it simply a matter of team discipline or is there some pattern I can use to prevent this? In some cases it might make sense to have separate methods, i.e. getting an asset with running requests may be expensive so I do not want to include these all the time. How to handle such cases?

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  • I am trying to create an windows application watcher? [migrated]

    - by Broken_Code
    I recently started coding in c #(in may this year) and well I find it best to learn by working with code. this application http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/UploadFile/satisharveti/ActiveApplicationWatcher01252007024921AM/ActiveApplicationWatcher.aspx. I am trying to recreate it however mine will be saving the information into an sql database(new at this as well). I am having some coding problems though as it does not do what I expect it to do. THis is the main code I am using. private void GetTotalTimer() { DateTime now = DateTime.Now; IntPtr hwnd = APIFunc.getforegroundWindow(); Int32 pid = APIFunc.GetWindowProcessID(hwnd); Process p = Process.GetProcessById(pid); appName = p.ProcessName; const int nChars = 256; int handle = 0; StringBuilder Buff = new StringBuilder(nChars); handle = GetForegroundWindow(); appltitle = APIFunc.ActiveApplTitle().Trim().Replace("\0", ""); //if (GetWindowText(handle, Buff, nChars) > 0) //{ // string strbuff = Buff.ToString(); // StrWindow = strbuff; #region insert statement try { if (Conn.State == ConnectionState.Closed) { Conn.Open(); } if (Conn.State == ConnectionState.Open) { SqlCommand com = new SqlCommand("Select top 1 [Window Title] From TimerLogs ORDER BY [Time of Event] DESC", Conn); SqlDataReader reader = com.ExecuteReader(); startTime = DateTime.Now; string time = now.ToString(); if (!reader.HasRows) { reader.Close(); cmd = new SqlCommand("insert into [TimerLogs] values(@time,@appName,@appltitle,@Elapsed_Time,@userName)", Conn); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@time", time); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@appName", appName); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@appltitle", appltitle); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Elapsed_Time", blank.ToString()); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@userName", userName); cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); Conn.Close(); } else if(reader.HasRows) { reader.Read(); if (appltitle != reader.ToString()) { reader.Close(); endTime = DateTime.Now; appduration = endTime.Subtract(startTime); cmd = new SqlCommand("insert into [TimerLogs] values (@time,@appName,@appltitle,@Elapsed_Time,@userName)", Conn); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@time", time); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@appName", appName); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@appltitle", appltitle); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@Elapsed_Time", appduration.ToString()); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@userName", userName); cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); reader.Close(); Conn.Close(); } } } } catch (Exception) { } //} #endregion ActivityTimer.Start(); Processing = "Working"; } Unfortunately this is the result. it is not saving the data as I expect it to. What am i doing wrong I had thought that with the sql reader it would first check for a value and only save if they do not match however it is saving whether there is a match or not.

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  • XNA - Use Mouse To Rotate & Arrow Keys To Scroll A Linearly Wrapped Texture:

    - by The Thing
    Using XNA I'm working on my first, relatively simple, videogame for the PC. At the moment my game window is 1024 X 768 and I have a 'Starfield' linearly wrapped background texture 1280 X 1280 in size whose origin has been set to its center point (width / 2, height / 2). This texture is drawn onscreen using (graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth / 2, graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight / 2) to place the origin in the center of the window. I want to be able to use the horizontal movement of the mouse to rotate my texture left or right and use the arrow keys to scroll the texture in four directions. From my own related coding experiments I have found that once I rotate the texture it no longer scrolls in the direction I want, it's as if somehow the XNA framework's 'sense of direction' has been 'rotated' along with the texture. As an example of what I've described above lets say I rotate the texture 45 degrees to the right, then pressing the up arrow key results in the texture scrolling diagonally from top-right to bottom-left. This is not what I want, regardless of the degree or direction of rotation I want my texture to scroll straight up, straight down, or to the left or right depending on which arrow key was pressed. How do I go about accomplishing this? Any help or guidance is appreciated. To finish up there are two points I'd like to clarify: [1] The reason I'm using linear wrapping on my starfield texture is that it gives a nice impression of an endless starfield. [2] Using a texture at least 1280 X 1280 in conjunction with a game window of 1024 X 768 means that at no point in it's rotation will the edges of the texture become visible. Thanks for reading..... Update # 1 - as requested by RCIX: The code below is what I was referring to earlier when I mentioned 'related coding experiments'. As you can see I am scrolling a linearly wrapped texture in the direction I've moved the mouse relative to the center of the screen. This works perfectly if I don't rotate the texture, but once I do rotate it the direction of the scrolling gets messed up for some reason. public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; SpriteBatch spriteBatch; int x; int y; float z = 250f; Texture2D Overlay; Texture2D RotatingBackground; Rectangle? sourceRectangle; Color color; float rotation; Vector2 ScreenCenter; Vector2 Origin; Vector2 scale; Vector2 Direction; SpriteEffects effects; float layerDepth; public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; } protected override void Initialize() { graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth = 1024; graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight = 768; graphics.ApplyChanges(); Direction = Vector2.Zero; IsMouseVisible = true; ScreenCenter = new Vector2(graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth / 2, graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight / 2); Mouse.SetPosition((int)graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth / 2, (int)graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight / 2); sourceRectangle = null; color = Color.White; rotation = 0.0f; scale = new Vector2(1.0f, 1.0f); effects = SpriteEffects.None; layerDepth = 1.0f; base.Initialize(); } protected override void LoadContent() { spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); Overlay = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Overlay"); RotatingBackground = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Background"); Origin = new Vector2((int)RotatingBackground.Width / 2, (int)RotatingBackground.Height / 2); } protected override void UnloadContent() { } protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { float timePassed = (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; MouseState ms = Mouse.GetState(); Vector2 MousePosition = new Vector2(ms.X, ms.Y); Direction = ScreenCenter - MousePosition; if (Direction != Vector2.Zero) { Direction.Normalize(); } x += (int)(Direction.X * z * timePassed); y += (int)(Direction.Y * z * timePassed); //No rotation = texture scrolls as intended, With rotation = texture no longer scrolls in the direction of the mouse. My update method needs to somehow compensate for this. //rotation += 0.01f; base.Update(gameTime); } protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, null, SamplerState.LinearWrap, null, null); spriteBatch.Draw(RotatingBackground, ScreenCenter, new Rectangle(x, y, RotatingBackground.Width, RotatingBackground.Height), color, rotation, Origin, scale, effects, layerDepth); spriteBatch.Draw(Overlay, Vector2.Zero, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } }

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  • Is "watermarking" code with random trailing whitespace a good way to detect plagiarism?

    - by paperjam
    Consider this: int f(int x) { return 2 * x * x; } and this int squareAndDouble(int y) { return 2*y*y; } If you found these in independent bodies of code, you might give the two programmers the benefit of the doubt and assume they came up with more-or-less the same function independently. But look at the whitespace at the end of each line of code. Same pattern in both. Surely evidence of copying. On a larger piece of code, correlation of random whitespace at line ends would be irrefutable evidence of a shared origin. Now aside from the obvious weaknesses: e.g. visible or obvious in some editors, easily removed, I was wondering if it was worth deploying something like this in my open source project. My industry has a history of companies ripping off open source projects.

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  • Is it bad practice to use the same name for arguments and members?

    - by stijn
    Sometimes I write constructor code like class X { public: X( const int numberOfThingsToDo ) : numberOfThingsToDo( numberOfThingsToDo ) { } private: int numberOfThingsToDo; }; or in C# class X { public X( int numberOfThingsToDo ) { this.numberOfThingsToDo = numberOfThingsToDo; } private int numberOfThingsToDo; } I think the main reason is that when I come up with a suitable member name, I see no reason to use a different one for the argument initializing it, and since I'm also no fan of using underscores the easiest is just to pick the same name. After all it's suitable. Is this considered bad practice however? Any drawbacks (apart from shooting yourself in the foot when forgetting the this in C#)?

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  • Collision checking problem on a Tiled map

    - by nosferat
    I'm working on a pacman styled dungeon crawler, using the free oryx sprites. I've created the map using Tiled, separating the floor, walls and treasure in three different layers. After importing the map in libGDX, it renders fine. I also added the player character, for now it just moves into one direction, the player cannot control it yet. I wanted to add collision and I was planning to do this by checking if the player's new position is on a wall tile. Therefore as you can see in the following code snippet, I get the tile type of the appropriate tile and if it is not zero (since on that layer there is nothing except the wall tile) it is a collision and the player cannot move further: final Vector2 newPos = charController.move(warrior.getX(), warrior.getY()); if(!collided(newPos)) { warrior.setPosition(newPos.x, newPos.y); warrior.flip(charController.flipX(), charController.flipY()); } [..] private boolean collided(Vector2 newPos) { int row = (int) Math.floor((newPos.x / 32)); int col = (int) Math.floor((newPos.y / 32)); int tileType = tiledMap.layers.get(1).tiles[row][col]; if (tileType == 0) { return false; } return true; } The character only moves one tile with this code: If I reduce the col value by two it two more tiles. I think the problem will be around indexing, but I'm totally confused because the zero in the coordinate system of libGDX is in the bottom left corner of the screen, and I don't know the tiles array's indexing is similair or not. The size of the map is 19x21 tiles and looks like the following (the starting position of the player is marked with blue:

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  • Kinect joint coordinates and XNA animation

    - by Sweta Dwivedi
    I have written a program to record the x,y,z coordinated of the Hand joint and I want to animate my models 2D or 3D according to these coordinates. . .However the output of the x,y,z coordinates are fluctuating from -0 to 1 but not more than that.. So i assume I will need to multiply them back with the screen width and height, however it still doesnt seem to animate according to the original x,y,z points Any transformations I might be missing out? while ((line = r.ReadLine()) != null) { string[] temp = line.Split(','); int x = (int) float.Parse(temp[0]))* maxWidth); int y = (int) float.Parse(temp[1])) * maxHeight); }

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  • LibGDX - SpriteBatch's .draw() method requiring float[]

    - by just_a_programmer
    Please excuse my lack of knowledge with LibGDX, as I have just started learning it. I am going through some simple tutorials, and in one of them, I draw a string onto the screen like so: // the following code is in the main file in the core project folder: // this is in the create() method: private SpriteBatch batch; batch = new SpriteBatch(); // this is in the render() method: batch.draw(batch, "Hello world", 200, 200); I am getting an error saying: The method draw(texture, float[], int, int) in the type SpriteBatch is not applicable for the arguments (SpriteBatch, int, int) So, LibGDX wants a float array to draw instead of a string? Thanks in advance.

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  • Collision Detection for 2D

    - by Bhaskar
    I am working on a simple game, where I need to do a collision detection of two Texture2D. The code I have written is: bool perPixelCollission = false; Texture2D texture1 = sprite1.Texture; Texture2D texture2 = sprite1.Texture; Vector2 position1 = new Vector2(sprite1.CurrentScope.X, sprite1.CurrentScope.Y); Vector2 position2 = new Vector2(sprite2.CurrentScope.X, sprite2.CurrentScope.Y); uint[] bitsA = new uint[texture1.Width * texture1.Height]; uint[] bitsB = new uint[texture2.Width * texture2.Height]; Rectangle texture1Rectangle = new Rectangle(Convert.ToInt32(position1.X), Convert.ToInt32(position1.Y), texture1.Width, texture1.Height); Rectangle texture2Rectangle = new Rectangle(Convert.ToInt32(position2.X), Convert.ToInt32(position2.Y), texture2.Width, texture2.Height); texture1.GetData<uint>(bitsA); texture2.GetData<uint>(bitsB); int x1 = Math.Max(texture1Rectangle.X, texture2Rectangle.X); int x2 = Math.Min(texture1Rectangle.X + texture1Rectangle.Width, texture2Rectangle.X + texture2Rectangle.Width); int y1 = Math.Max(texture1Rectangle.Y, texture2Rectangle.Y); int y2 = Math.Min(texture1Rectangle.Y + texture1Rectangle.Height, texture2Rectangle.Y + texture2Rectangle.Height); for (int y = y1; y < y2; ++y) { for (int x = x1; x < x2; ++x) { if (((bitsA[(x - texture1Rectangle.X) + (y - texture1Rectangle.Y) * texture1Rectangle.Width] & 0xFF000000) >> 24) > 20 && ((bitsB[(x - texture2Rectangle.X) + (y - texture2Rectangle.Y) * texture2Rectangle.Width] & 0xFF000000) >> 24) > 20) { perPixelCollission = true; break; } } // Reduce amount of looping by breaking out of this. if (perPixelCollission) { break; } } return perPixelCollission; But this code is really making the game slow. Where can I get some very good collision detection tutorial and code? What is wrong in this code?

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  • k-d tree implementation [closed]

    - by user466441
    when i run my code and debugged,i got this error - this 0x00093584 {_Myproxy=0x00000000 _Mynextiter=0x00000000 } std::_Iterator_base12 * const - _Myproxy 0x00000000 {_Mycont=??? _Myfirstiter=??? } std::_Container_proxy * _Mycont CXX0017: Error: symbol "" not found _Myfirstiter CXX0030: Error: expression cannot be evaluated + _Mynextiter 0x00000000 {_Myproxy=??? _Mynextiter=??? } std::_Iterator_base12 * but i dont know what does it means,code is this #include<iostream> #include<vector> #include<algorithm> using namespace std; struct point { float x,y; }; vector<point>pointleft(4); vector<point>pointright(4); //we are going to implement two comparison function for x and y coordinates,we need it in calculation of median (we should sort vector //by x or y according to depth informaton,is depth even or odd. bool sortby_X(point &a,point &b) { return a.x<b.x; } bool sortby_Y(point &a,point &b) { return a.y<b.y; } //so i am going to implement to median finding algorithm,one for finding median by x and another find median by y point medianx(vector<point>points) { point temp; sort(points.begin(),points.end(),sortby_X); temp=points[(points.size()/2)]; return temp; } point mediany(vector<point>points) { point temp; sort(points.begin(),points.end(),sortby_Y); temp=points[(points.size()/2)]; return temp; } //now construct basic tree structure struct Tree { float x,y; Tree(point a) { x=a.x; y=a.y; } Tree *left; Tree *right; }; Tree * build_kd( Tree *root,vector<point>points,int depth) { point temp; if(points.size()==1)// that point is as a leaf { if(root==NULL) root=new Tree(points[0]); return root; } if(depth%2==0) { temp=medianx(points); root=new Tree(temp); for(int i=0;i<points.size();i++) { if (points[i].x<temp.x) pointleft[i]=points[i]; else pointright[i]=points[i]; } } else { temp=mediany(points); root=new Tree(temp); for(int i=0;i<points.size();i++) { if(points[i].y<temp.y) pointleft[i]=points[i]; else pointright[i]=points[i]; } } return build_kd(root->left,pointleft,depth+1); return build_kd(root->right,pointright,depth+1); } void print(Tree *root) { while(root!=NULL) { cout<<root->x<<" " <<root->y; print(root->left); print(root->right); } } int main() { int depth=0; Tree *root=NULL; vector<point>points(4); float x,y; int n=4; for(int i=0;i<n;i++) { cin>>x>>y; points[i].x=x; points[i].y=y; } root=build_kd(root,points,depth); print(root); return 0; } i am trying ti implement in c++ this pseudo code tuple function build_kd_tree(int depth, set points): if points contains only one point: return that point as a leaf. if depth is even: Calculate the median x-value. Create a set of points (pointsLeft) that have x-values less than the median. Create a set of points (pointsRight) that have x-values greater than or equal to the median. else: Calculate the median y-value. Create a set of points (pointsLeft) that have y-values less than the median. Create a set of points (pointsRight) that have y-values greater than or equal to the median. treeLeft = build_kd_tree(depth + 1, pointsLeft) treeRight = build_kd_tree(depth + 1, pointsRight) return(median, treeLeft, treeRight) please help me what this error means?

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  • Processing Kinect v2 Color Streams in Parallel

    - by Chris Gardner
    Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/freestylecoding/archive/2014/08/20/processing-kinect-v2-color-streams-in-parallel.aspxProcessing Kinect v2 Color Streams in Parallel I've really been enjoying being a part of the Kinect for Windows Developer's Preview. The new hardware has some really impressive capabilities. However, with great power comes great system specs. Unfortunately, my little laptop that could is not 100% up to the task; I've had to get a little creative. The most disappointing thing I've run into is that I can't always cleanly display the color camera stream in managed code. I managed to strip the code down to what I believe is the bear minimum: using( ColorFrame _ColorFrame = e.FrameReference.AcquireFrame() ) { if( null == _ColorFrame ) return;   BitmapToDisplay.Lock(); _ColorFrame.CopyConvertedFrameDataToIntPtr( BitmapToDisplay.BackBuffer, Convert.ToUInt32( BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride * BitmapToDisplay.PixelHeight ), ColorImageFormat.Bgra ); BitmapToDisplay.AddDirtyRect( new Int32Rect( 0, 0, _ColorFrame.FrameDescription.Width, _ColorFrame.FrameDescription.Height ) ); BitmapToDisplay.Unlock(); } With this snippet, I'm placing the converted Bgra32 color stream directly on the BackBuffer of the WriteableBitmap. This gives me pretty smooth playback, but I still get the occasional freeze for half a second. After a bit of profiling, I discovered there were a few problems. The first problem is the size of the buffer along with the conversion on the buffer. At this time, the raw image format of the data from the Kinect is Yuy2. This is great for direct video processing. It would be ideal if I had a WriteableVideo object in WPF. However, this is not the case. Further digging led me to the real problem. It appears that the SDK is converting the input serially. Let's think about this for a second. The color camera is a 1080p camera. As we should all know, this give us a native resolution of 1920 x 1080. This produces 2,073,600 pixels. Yuy2 uses 4 bytes per 2 pixel, for a buffer size of 4,147,200 bytes. Bgra32 uses 4 bytes per pixel, for a buffer size of 8,294,400 bytes. The SDK appears to be doing this on one thread. I started wondering if I chould do this better myself. I mean, I have 8 cores in my system. Why can't I use them all? The first problem is converting a Yuy2 frame into a Bgra32 frame. It is NOT trivial. I spent a day of research of just how to do this. In the end, I didn't even produce the best algorithm possible, but it did work. After I managed to get that to work, I knew my next step was the get the conversion operation off the UI Thread. This was a simple process of throwing the work into a Task. Of course, this meant I had to marshal the final write to the WriteableBitmap back to the UI thread. Finally, I needed to vectorize the operation so I could run it safely in parallel. This was, mercifully, not quite as hard as I thought it would be. I had my loop return an index to a pair of pixels. From there, I had to tell the loop to do everything for this pair of pixels. If you're wondering why I did it for pairs of pixels, look back above at the specification for the Yuy2 format. I won't go into full detail on why each 4 bytes contains 2 pixels of information, but rest assured that there is a reason why the format is described in that way. The first working attempt at this algorithm successfully turned my poor laptop into a space heater. I very quickly brought and maintained all 8 cores up to about 97% usage. That's when I remembered that obscure option in the Task Parallel Library where you could limit the amount of parallelism used. After a little trial and error, I discovered 4 parallel tasks was enough for most cases. This yielded the follow code: private byte ClipToByte( int p_ValueToClip ) { return Convert.ToByte( ( p_ValueToClip < byte.MinValue ) ? byte.MinValue : ( ( p_ValueToClip > byte.MaxValue ) ? byte.MaxValue : p_ValueToClip ) ); }   private void ColorFrameArrived( object sender, ColorFrameArrivedEventArgs e ) { if( null == e.FrameReference ) return;   // If you do not dispose of the frame, you never get another one... using( ColorFrame _ColorFrame = e.FrameReference.AcquireFrame() ) { if( null == _ColorFrame ) return;   byte[] _InputImage = new byte[_ColorFrame.FrameDescription.LengthInPixels * _ColorFrame.FrameDescription.BytesPerPixel]; byte[] _OutputImage = new byte[BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride * BitmapToDisplay.PixelHeight]; _ColorFrame.CopyRawFrameDataToArray( _InputImage );   Task.Factory.StartNew( () => { ParallelOptions _ParallelOptions = new ParallelOptions(); _ParallelOptions.MaxDegreeOfParallelism = 4;   Parallel.For( 0, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.LengthInPixels / 2, _ParallelOptions, ( _Index ) => { // See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd206750(v=vs.85).aspx int _Y0 = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 0] - 16; int _U = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 1] - 128; int _Y1 = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 2] - 16; int _V = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 3] - 128;   byte _R = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 + 409 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); byte _G = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 - 100 * _U - 208 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); byte _B = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 + 516 * _U + 128 ) >> 8 );   _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 0] = _B; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 1] = _G; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 2] = _R; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 3] = 0xFF; // A   _R = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 + 409 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); _G = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 - 100 * _U - 208 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); _B = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 + 516 * _U + 128 ) >> 8 );   _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 4] = _B; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 5] = _G; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 6] = _R; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 7] = 0xFF; } );   Application.Current.Dispatcher.Invoke( () => { BitmapToDisplay.WritePixels( new Int32Rect( 0, 0, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.Width, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.Height ), _OutputImage, BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride, 0 ); } ); } ); } } This seemed to yield a results I wanted, but there was still the occasional stutter. This lead to what I realized was the second problem. There is a race condition between the UI Thread and me locking the WriteableBitmap so I can write the next frame. Again, I'm writing approximately 8MB to the back buffer. Then, I started thinking I could cheat. The Kinect is running at 30 frames per second. The WPF UI Thread runs at 60 frames per second. This made me not feel bad about exploiting the Composition Thread. I moved the bulk of the code from the FrameArrived handler into CompositionTarget.Rendering. Once I was in there, I polled from a frame, and rendered it if it existed. Since, in theory, I'm only killing the Composition Thread every other hit, I decided I was ok with this for cases where silky smooth video performance REALLY mattered. This ode looked like this: private byte ClipToByte( int p_ValueToClip ) { return Convert.ToByte( ( p_ValueToClip < byte.MinValue ) ? byte.MinValue : ( ( p_ValueToClip > byte.MaxValue ) ? byte.MaxValue : p_ValueToClip ) ); }   void CompositionTarget_Rendering( object sender, EventArgs e ) { using( ColorFrame _ColorFrame = FrameReader.AcquireLatestFrame() ) { if( null == _ColorFrame ) return;   byte[] _InputImage = new byte[_ColorFrame.FrameDescription.LengthInPixels * _ColorFrame.FrameDescription.BytesPerPixel]; byte[] _OutputImage = new byte[BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride * BitmapToDisplay.PixelHeight]; _ColorFrame.CopyRawFrameDataToArray( _InputImage );   ParallelOptions _ParallelOptions = new ParallelOptions(); _ParallelOptions.MaxDegreeOfParallelism = 4;   Parallel.For( 0, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.LengthInPixels / 2, _ParallelOptions, ( _Index ) => { // See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd206750(v=vs.85).aspx int _Y0 = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 0] - 16; int _U = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 1] - 128; int _Y1 = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 2] - 16; int _V = _InputImage[( _Index << 2 ) + 3] - 128;   byte _R = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 + 409 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); byte _G = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 - 100 * _U - 208 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); byte _B = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y0 + 516 * _U + 128 ) >> 8 );   _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 0] = _B; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 1] = _G; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 2] = _R; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 3] = 0xFF; // A   _R = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 + 409 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); _G = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 - 100 * _U - 208 * _V + 128 ) >> 8 ); _B = ClipToByte( ( 298 * _Y1 + 516 * _U + 128 ) >> 8 );   _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 4] = _B; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 5] = _G; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 6] = _R; _OutputImage[( _Index << 3 ) + 7] = 0xFF; } );   BitmapToDisplay.WritePixels( new Int32Rect( 0, 0, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.Width, Sensor.ColorFrameSource.FrameDescription.Height ), _OutputImage, BitmapToDisplay.BackBufferStride, 0 ); } }

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  • Why do I have an error when adding states in slick?

    - by SystemNetworks
    When I was going to create another state I had an error. This is my code: public static final int play2 = 3; and public Game(String gamename){ this.addState(new mission(play2)); } and public void initStatesList(GameContainer gc) throws SlickException{ this.getState(play2).init(gc, this); } I have an error in the addState. above the above code. I don't know where is the problem. But if you want the whole code it is here: package javagame; import org.newdawn.slick.*; import org.newdawn.slick.state.*; public class Game extends StateBasedGame{ public static final String gamename = "NET FRONT"; public static final int menu = 0; public static final int play = 1; public static final int train = 2; public static final int play2 = 3; public Game(String gamename){ super(gamename); this.addState(new Menu(menu)); this.addState(new Play(play)); this.addState(new train(train)); this.addState(new mission(play2)); } public void initStatesList(GameContainer gc) throws SlickException{ this.getState(menu).init(gc, this); this.getState(play).init(gc, this); this.getState(train).init(gc, this); this.enterState(menu); this.getState(play2).init(gc, this); } public static void main(String[] args) { try{ AppGameContainer app =new AppGameContainer(new Game(gamename)); app.setDisplayMode(1500, 1000, false); app.start(); }catch(SlickException e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } } //SYSTEM NETWORKS(C) 2012 NET FRONT

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  • Checking whether the user input is a str in Python [migrated]

    - by Sahil Babbar
    I checked various questions on Stack Overflow but one thing every logic lacks. Let me demonstrate using Python: while True: user_input = raw_input() if type(user_input) == str: print 'ERROR' else: print 'BINGO' Also, we cannot use input() in place of raw_input() as it gives the error:Traceback (most recent call last): File ".\test.py", line 3, in <module> user_input = int(input()) File "<string>", line 1, in <module> NameError: name 'asdf' is not defined The problem here is that raw_input converts the user input into string so it always prints 'ERROR' and if I change the second line to user_input = int(raw_input) then, it gives an error: Traceback (most recent call last): File ".\test.py", line 3, in <module> user_input = int(raw_input()) ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'asdf' I tried this with try and except but it shall work fine to check integer but not a string. I feel that this question may be marked as a duplicate but I think that this query is important, if logically taken.

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  • What Pattern will solve this - fetching dependent record from database

    - by tunmise fasipe
    I have these classes class Match { int MatchID, int TeamID, //used to reference Team ... other fields } Note: Match actually have 2 teams which means 2 TeamID class Team { int TeamID, string TeamName } In my view I need to display List<Match> showing the TeamName. So I added another field class Match { int MatchID, int TeamID, //used to reference Team ... other fields string TeamName; } I can now do Match m = getMatch(id); m.TeamName = getTeamName(m.TeamId); //get name from database But for a List<Match>, getTeamName(TeamId) will go to the database to fetch TeamName for each TeamID. For a page of 10 Matches per page, that could be (10x2Teams)=20 trip to database. To avoid this, I had the idea of loading everything once, store it in memory and only lookup the TeamName in memory. This made me have a rethink that what if the records are 5000 or more. What pattern is used to solve this and how?

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  • C++ and SDL Trouble Creating a STL Vector of a Game Object

    - by Jackson Blades
    I am trying to create a Space Invaders clone using C++ and SDL. The problem I am having is in trying to create Waves of Enemies. I am trying to model this by making my Waves a vector of 8 Enemy objects. My Enemy constructor takes two arguments, an x and y offset. My Wave constructor also takes two arguments, an x and y offset. What I am trying to do is have my Wave constructor initialize a vector of Enemies, and have each enemy given a different x offset so that they are spaced out appropriately. Enemy::Enemy(int x, int y) { box.x = x; box.y = y; box.w = ENEMY_WIDTH; box.h = ENEMY_HEIGHT; xVel = ENEMY_WIDTH / 2; } Wave::Wave(int x, int y) { box.x = x; box.y = y; box.w = WAVE_WIDTH; box.y = WAVE_HEIGHT; xVel = (-1)*ENEMY_WIDTH; yVel = 0; std::vector<Enemy> enemyWave; for (int i = 0; i < enemyWave.size(); i++) { Enemy temp(box.x + ((ENEMY_WIDTH + 16) * i), box.y); enemyWave.push_back(temp); } } I guess what I am asking is if there is a cleaner, more elegant way to do this sort of initialization with vectors, or if this is right at all. Any help is greatly appreciated.

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  • How we call an RPC that not only calls external functions but also updates data structures?

    - by Kabumbus
    I have a simple C++ RPC that lets you have remote class instances that support live members (data structures) update as well as method calls. For example I had a class declared like this (pseudocode): class Sum{ public: RPC_FIELD(int lastSum); RPC_METHOD(int summ(int a, int b)) { lastSum = a + b; return lastSum; } }; On machine A I had its instance. On machines B and C I had created its instances and connected them to machine A. So now they actually do all processing on machine A but machines B, C get lastSum class field updates automatically (and can subscribe to update event). How to call (Nice Name) such a functionality when we have binding over network done automatically by RPC library? How RPC library creator can announce such feature?

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  • 2D Topdown Shooter - Player Movement Relative to Mouse

    - by Jarmo
    I'm trying to make a topdown 2D space game for my school project. I'm almost done but I just want to add a few little things to make the game more fun to play. if (keystate.IsKeyDown(Keys.W)) { vPlayerPos += Vector2.Normalize(new Vector2(Mouse.GetState().X - vPlayerPos.X, Mouse.GetState().Y - vPlayerPos.Y)) * 3; rPlayer.X = (int)vPlayerPos.X; rPlayer.Y = (int)vPlayerPos.Y; } if (keystate.IsKeyDown(Keys.S)) { vPlayerPos += Vector2.Normalize(new Vector2(Mouse.GetState().X - vPlayerPos.X, Mouse.GetState().Y - vPlayerPos.Y)) * -3; rPlayer.X = (int)vPlayerPos.X; rPlayer.Y = (int)vPlayerPos.Y; } This is what i use to move towards and away from my mouse crossair. I tried to make a somewhat similar function to make it strafe with "A" and "D". But for some reason I just couldn't get it done. Any thoughts?

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