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  • Hard drive device names are different from one reboot to another in Ubuntu.

    - by Mike
    I have an Ubuntu machine (10.04 but had the same problem in 8.04) with a bunch of drives that I use as a file server. 1 SATA that I boot off of. 2 IDE that in RAID1 and 2 SATA in RAID1. The problem is the drives that I have in RAID1 change device names on reboot. This is a problem because the in my mdadm.conf a reference to /dev/sda1, for example, might not work the next time I reboot because /dev/sda1 could be a disk from another array. Any help getting around this would be appreciated. -Mike

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  • Hard drive device names are different from one reboot to another in Ubuntu.

    - by Mike
    I have an Ubuntu machine (10.04 but had the same problem in 8.04) with a bunch of drives that I use as a file server. 1 SATA that I boot off of. 2 IDE that in RAID1 and 2 SATA in RAID1. The problem is the drives that I have in RAID1 change device names on reboot. This is a problem because the in my mdadm.conf a reference to /dev/sda1, for example, might not work the next time I reboot because /dev/sda1 could be a disk from another array. Any help getting around this would be appreciated. -Mike

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  • growing EBS RAID volume

    - by Ryan Fernandes
    I've created a RAID0 configuration with two 1GB EBS volumes, mounted at /dev/md0 using mdadm and formatted with XFS Next, I copied some files over to fill the volume to around 30% of its capacity (of 2GB) I then created snapshots of the volumes using ec2-consistent-snapshot and created volumes of the said snapshots but specified the volume size to be 2GB (effective doubling the capacity on each disk) I then spun up a new instance, assembled the RAID0 configuration on /dev/md0 from the 2 volumes mentioned above and mount it to /vol df -hT showed /vol as 2GB (as expected) Now I ran sudo xfs_growfs -d /vol. The command completed normally but reported blocks changed from 523776 to 524160 (only!) and df -hT still showed /vol as 2GB (instead of the expected 4GB) I rebooted, remounted, reassembled the RAID but it still reports the old size. Any clue as to what went wrong?

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  • howto copy files on esxi datastore using scp?

    - by maruti
    how to copy files on esxi4 datastore (fs=vmfs) over network using console (SSH)? giving up older question:have seen on vmware forums that its not possible have a USB drive NTFS attached to ESXi4 host. fdisk -l shows the device as /dev/mpx.... but when i try to mount that using mount /dev/xxx /mnt/usbdisk....it fails with message "no such file or dir" could anyone help with correct entry in etc/fstab? all that i am trying to do is backup the vms on esxi host to usb disk...thanks in advance there is a dir called usbdrv, tried cp of vmdk file here but failed

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  • Bad motherboard / controller / HDs?

    - by quidpro
    On a leased server, I am running into some timing issues with an application that requires precise timing. Server is a Dual Xeon E5410 running on a Supermicro X7DVL-3 motherboard under CentOs 5.5 x64. The application I am running is timer sensitive and keeps sensing drift whether under load or at idle, but especially under load. I did some investigating with atop and dd and found some mind-blowing numbers. Mind you, I am no Linux guru but something sure seems out of whack. I ran: dd bs=4096 if=/dev/zero of=/bigtestfile to generate disk activity. Regardless whether I wrote it to sda or sdb my DSK value in atop would go over 100%, at one time peaking at 1700%. Again it does not matter if I am writing to sda or sdb. DSK | sdb | busy 675% | read 0 | write 110 | avio 78 ms | Here are the smartctl outputs: # smartctl -A /dev/sda smartctl version 5.38 [x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 165 165 021 Pre-fail Always - 2750 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 040 Old_age Always - 21 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000a 200 200 051 Old_age Always - 0 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 065 065 000 Old_age Always - 25831 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0012 100 253 051 Old_age Always - 0 11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0012 100 253 051 Old_age Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 21 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 116 093 000 Old_age Always - 27 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0012 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 253 000 Old_age Always - 0 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 051 Old_age Offline - 0 # smartctl -A /dev/sdb smartctl version 5.38 [x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/ === START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION === SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16 Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds: ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0 3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 180 180 021 Pre-fail Always - 3958 4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 22 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0 9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 068 068 000 Old_age Always - 24087 10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 253 051 Pre-fail Always - 0 11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 253 051 Pre-fail Always - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 21 194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 122 096 000 Old_age Always - 25 196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0009 200 200 051 Pre-fail Offline - 0 Any idea what's wrong here? Bad motherboard? It would seem rare that both drives are going bad (smartctl says they PASS_, so it leaves the mobo as the culprit in my eyes.

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  • Networked Parallel Port in Linux / KVM / QEMU

    - by korkman
    What I want to use is the "-parallel" tcp or udp option from KVM / QEMU, but I don't seem to find any server for this client. I don't serve a printer but a hardware dongle. I checked ser2net, which does provide "/dev/lp0" sharing, but it doesn't seem to work for KVM / QEMU. I suspect KVM / QEMU requires "/dev/parport0". I did rmmod lp, modprobe ppdev, linked ser2net to parport0, but it didn't work out. Perhaps ser2net is not suited for this. I tried socat as well, and I tried netcat. No success. Does anyone know any KVM / QEMU compatible parallel port server? Or did any of netcat, socat or ser2net work for you?

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  • SCSI direct-access device appears as multiple lun's

    - by unixdj
    I have a similarly described problem to this question: http://superuser.com/questions/90181/same-scsi-drive-appears-multiple-times-on-the-controller-list where a SCSI direct-access device appears as multiple lun's, when it should only be one. The device is a SCSI-1 device, the SCSI controller card is an Adaptec AHA-7850 (rev 03), and system is PC / Linux 2.6. This device worked fine with RHEL4, and appeared as a single device / lun when the OS booted, but I've just tried plugging the device into a newer Linux disto (CentOS 5.4) and it now sees the device as 8 luns; with consequently 8 device files /dev/sgb to /dev/sgi. Any clues of how to figure out where the problem / fix is, would be great.

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  • Linux Bash Script, Single Command But Multiple Lines?

    - by Jay LaCroix
    I have the following script I wrote by searching Google, and it backs up my Linux system to an archive: #!/bin/bash # init DATE=$(date +20%y%m%d) tar -cvpzf /share/Recovery/Snapshots/$HOSTNAME_$DATE.tar.gz --exclude=/proc --exclude=/lost+found --exclude=/sys --exclude=/mnt --exclude=/media --exclude=/dev --exclude=/share/Archive / This works, but I am wondering if I can format the script to show the command over multiple lines, something like this, so it is easy to edit later: tar -cvpzf /share/Recovery/Snapshots/$HOSTNAME_$DATE.tar.gz --exclude=/proc --exclude=/lost+found --exclude=/sys --exclude=/mnt --exclude=/media --exclude=/dev --exclude=/share/Archive / That way it is easier to read and edit later. Is it possible to format a Bash script this way?

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  • "The site's security certificate is not trusted!" on every SSL page?

    - by Isaac Waller
    I'm using the latest Chrome dev build on Mac OS X. Recently, I've been getting this message on any HTTPS webpage when I visit it the first time: The site's security certificate is not trusted! You attempted to reach checkout.google.com, but the server presented a certificate issued by an entity that is not trusted by your computer's operating system. This may mean that the server has generated its own security credentials, which Google Chrome cannot rely on for identity information, or an attacker may be trying to intercept your communications. You should not proceed, especially if you have never seen this warning before for this site. Why is this here, and how can I fix it? It may be because of my development build, but many other people use the dev version also, and I expect it would be fixed quicker then this.

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  • DRBD Not syncing between my nodes

    - by Mike Curry
    Some version info: Operating system is Ubuntu 11.10, on EC2, kernel is 3.0.0-16-virtual and the application info is: Version: 8.3.11 (api:88) GIT-hash: 0de839cee13a4160eed6037c4bddd066645e23c5 build by buildd@allspice, 2011-07-05 19:51:07 Getting some strange errors in dmesg (seen below) as well, there is no replication happening. I have made my first node primary and its showing: drbd driver loaded OK; device status: version: 8.3.11 (api:88/proto:86-96) srcversion: DA5A13F16DE6553FC7CE9B2 m:res cs ro ds p mounted fstype 0:r0 StandAlone Primary/Unknown UpToDate/DUnknown r----s ext3 my secondary node is showing: drbd driver loaded OK; device status: version: 8.3.11 (api:88/proto:86-96) srcversion: DA5A13F16DE6553FC7CE9B2 m:res cs ro ds p mounted fstype 0:r0 StandAlone Secondary/Unknown Inconsistent/DUnknown r----s Showing /proc/drbd on the master shows: version: 8.3.11 (api:88/proto:86-96) srcversion: DA5A13F16DE6553FC7CE9B2 0: cs:StandAlone ro:Primary/Unknown ds:UpToDate/DUnknown r----s ns:0 nr:0 dw:4 dr:1073 al:0 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:f oos:262135964 Showing /proc/drbd on the slave shows that there is nothing being transfered... version: 8.3.11 (api:88/proto:86-96) srcversion: DA5A13F16DE6553FC7CE9B2 0: cs:StandAlone ro:Secondary/Unknown ds:Inconsistent/DUnknown r----s ns:0 nr:0 dw:0 dr:0 al:0 bm:0 lo:0 pe:0 ua:0 ap:0 ep:1 wo:f oos:262135964 Here is my config... resource r0 { protocol C; startup { wfc-timeout 15; degr-wfc-timeout 60; } net { cram-hmac-alg sha1; shared-secret "test123; } on drbd01 { device /dev/drbd0; disk /dev/xvdm; address 23.XX.XX.XX:7788; # blocked out ip meta-disk internal; } on drbd02 { device /dev/drbd0; disk /dev/xvdm; address 184.XX.XX.XX:7788; #blocked out ip meta-disk internal; } } I have run the following on the master: sudo drbdadm -- --overwrite-data-of-peer primary all There is no firewall between the systems. Here is the dmesg with some errors: [2285172.969955] drbd: initialized. Version: 8.3.11 (api:88/proto:86-96) [2285172.969960] drbd: srcversion: DA5A13F16DE6553FC7CE9B2 [2285172.969962] drbd: registered as block device major 147 [2285172.969965] drbd: minor_table @ 0xffff88000276ea00 [2285173.000952] block drbd0: Starting worker thread (from drbdsetup [1300]) [2285173.003971] block drbd0: disk( Diskless -> Attaching ) [2285173.006150] block drbd0: No usable activity log found. [2285173.006154] block drbd0: Method to ensure write ordering: flush [2285173.006158] block drbd0: max BIO size = 4096 [2285173.006165] block drbd0: drbd_bm_resize called with capacity == 524271928 [2285173.008512] block drbd0: resync bitmap: bits=65533991 words=1023969 pages=2000 [2285173.008518] block drbd0: size = 250 GB (262135964 KB) [2285173.079566] block drbd0: bitmap READ of 2000 pages took 17 jiffies [2285173.081189] block drbd0: recounting of set bits took additional 1 jiffies [2285173.081194] block drbd0: 250 GB (65533991 bits) marked out-of-sync by on disk bit-map. [2285173.081203] block drbd0: Suspended AL updates [2285173.081210] block drbd0: disk( Attaching -> UpToDate ) [2285173.081214] block drbd0: attached to UUIDs 1C1291D39584C1D1:0000000000000004:0000000000000000:0000000000000000 [2285173.095016] block drbd0: conn( StandAlone -> Unconnected ) [2285173.095046] block drbd0: Starting receiver thread (from drbd0_worker [1301]) [2285173.099297] block drbd0: receiver (re)started [2285173.099304] block drbd0: conn( Unconnected -> WFConnection ) [2285173.099330] block drbd0: bind before connect failed, err = -99 [2285173.099346] block drbd0: conn( WFConnection -> Disconnecting ) [2285173.295788] block drbd0: Discarding network configuration. [2285173.295815] block drbd0: Connection closed [2285173.295826] block drbd0: conn( Disconnecting -> StandAlone ) [2285173.295840] block drbd0: receiver terminated [2285173.295844] block drbd0: Terminating drbd0_receiver Edit: Reading some other similar issues, it was suggested to do a 'drbdadm dump all', so I figured it couldn't hurt. ubuntu@drbd01:~$ drbdadm dump all /etc/drbd.conf:19: in resource r0, on drbd01: IP 23.XX.XX.XX not found on this host. and on slave: root@drbd02:~# drbdadm dump all /etc/drbd.conf:25: in resource r0, on drbd02: IP 184.XX.XX.XX not found on this host. Strange it doesn't find its own ip, however, this is an Amazon EC2 system using an elastic IP... here are my ipconfigs for both... master: ubuntu@drbd01:~$ ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 22:00:0a:1c:27:11 inet addr:10.28.39.17 Bcast:10.28.39.63 Mask:255.255.255.192 inet6 addr: fe80::2000:aff:fe1c:2711/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1569 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1169 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:124409 (124.4 KB) TX bytes:213601 (213.6 KB) Interrupt:26 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) slave: root@drbd02:~# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 12:31:3f:00:14:9d inet addr:10.160.27.107 Bcast:10.160.27.255 Mask:255.255.254.0 inet6 addr: fe80::1031:3fff:fe00:149d/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:915 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:774 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:75381 (75.3 KB) TX bytes:109673 (109.6 KB) Interrupt:26 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

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  • old ssl certficate didn't go away on apache2

    - by user1212143
    I have replaced the old ssl certficate with new one and restart apache several time but the old certificate still show on web browser and when I run a command openssl s_client -connect 127.0.0.1:443 -showcerts also I have delete all old certficate files. so not sure where apache still read these certficate. and not read the new one. here is my ssl.conf Listen 0.0.0.0:443 SSLEngine on SSLOptions +StrictRequire <Directory /> SSLRequireSSL </Directory> SSLProtocol -all +TLSv1 +SSLv3 SSLCipherSuite HIGH:MEDIUM:!aNULL:+SHA1:+MD5:+HIGH:+MEDIUM SSLMutex file:/usr/apache2/logs/ssl_mutex SSLRandomSeed startup file:/dev/urandom 1024 SSLRandomSeed connect file:/dev/urandom 1024 SSLSessionCache shm:/usr/apache2/logs/ssl_cache_shm SSLSessionCacheTimeout 600 SSLPassPhraseDialog builtin SSLCertificateFile /usr/apache2/conf/ssl.crt/server.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/apache2/conf/ssl.key/server.key SSLVerifyClient none SSLProxyEngine off <IfModule mime.c> AddType application/x-x509-ca-cert .crt AddType application/x-pkcs7-crl .crl </IfModule>

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  • Using virt-install to mount multiple cdrom drives/images

    - by Dana the Sane
    I would like to create a windows xp guest from the windows xp upgrade cd I have, along with one of a few full versions I have around. However, when I reach the stage in the installer where I am prompted to insert a full version cd, the installer can't find it, i.e.: Setup could not read the CD you inserted, or the CD is not a valid Windows CD.. Is there a work-around for this?, my Googling didn't uncover anything. I've tried various combinations of mounting .iso files and specifying disks, such as: $sudo virt-install --accelerate --connect qemu:///system -n xpsp1 -r 2048 --disk ./vm/winxp_sp1.iso,device=cdrom --disk ./vm/windows.qcow2,size=12 --vnc --noautoconsole --os-type windows --os-variant winxp --vcpus 2 -c /dev/cdrom --check-cpu If I try to specify multiple cdrom drives, I receive an error: virt-install --accelerate --connect qemu:///system -n xpsp1 -r 2048 --disk ./vm/winxp_sp1.iso,device=cdrom --disk /dev/cdrom,device=cdrom --disk ./vm/windows.qcow2,size=12 --vnc --noautoconsole --os-type windows --os-variant winxp --vcpus 2 --check-cpu Starting install... ERROR IDE CDROM must use 'hdc', but target in use.

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  • How to use suse linux as a small router

    - by Mingo
    I has 2 subnet 192.168.1.0/24 and 192.168.2.0/24 and one suse linux, the linux has 2 interface, eth0 and eth1. I want to configurate the suse linux as a router so that make these 2 subnet can communicate with each other. This is my steps: 1.set the linux eth0 ip as 192.160.1.254,eth1 ip 192.168.2.254 2.add route in linux: route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0 route add -net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth1 3.set 192.168.1.0/24 gw as 192.168.1.254,and 192.168.2.0/24 gw as 192.168.2.254 I am not sure this will work or not? or some step i missing?

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  • TPROXY Not working with HAProxy, Ubuntu 14.04

    - by Nyxynyx
    I'm trying to use HAProxy as a fully transparent proxy using TPROXY in Ubuntu 14.04. HAProxy will be setup on the first server with eth1 111.111.250.250 and eth0 10.111.128.134. The single balanced server has eth1 and eth0 as well. eth1 is the public facing network interface while eth0 is for the private network which both servers are in. Problem: I'm able to connect to the balanced server's port 1234 directly (via eth1) but am not able to reach the balanced server via Haproxy port 1234 (which redirects to 1234 via eth0). Am I missing out something in this configuration? On the HAProxy server The current kernel is: Linux extremehash-lb2 3.13.0-24-generic #46-Ubuntu SMP Thu Apr 10 19:11:08 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux The kernel appears to have TPROXY support: # grep TPROXY /boot/config-3.13.0-24-generic CONFIG_NETFILTER_XT_TARGET_TPROXY=m HAProxy was compiled with TPROXY support: haproxy -vv HA-Proxy version 1.5.3 2014/07/25 Copyright 2000-2014 Willy Tarreau <[email protected]> Build options : TARGET = linux26 CPU = x86_64 CC = gcc CFLAGS = -g -fno-strict-aliasing OPTIONS = USE_LINUX_TPROXY=1 USE_LIBCRYPT=1 USE_STATIC_PCRE=1 Default settings : maxconn = 2000, bufsize = 16384, maxrewrite = 8192, maxpollevents = 200 Encrypted password support via crypt(3): yes Built without zlib support (USE_ZLIB not set) Compression algorithms supported : identity Built without OpenSSL support (USE_OPENSSL not set) Built with PCRE version : 8.31 2012-07-06 PCRE library supports JIT : no (USE_PCRE_JIT not set) Built with transparent proxy support using: IP_TRANSPARENT IPV6_TRANSPARENT IP_FREEBIND Available polling systems : epoll : pref=300, test result OK poll : pref=200, test result OK select : pref=150, test result OK Total: 3 (3 usable), will use epoll. In /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg, I've configured a port to have the following options: listen test1235 :1234 mode tcp option tcplog balance leastconn source 0.0.0.0 usesrc clientip server balanced1 10.111.163.76:1234 check inter 5s rise 2 fall 4 weight 4 On the balanced server In /etc/networking/interfaces I've set the gateway for eth0 to be the HAProxy box 10.111.128.134 and restarted networking. auto eth0 eth1 iface eth0 inet static address 111.111.250.250 netmask 255.255.224.0 gateway 111.131.224.1 dns-nameservers 8.8.4.4 8.8.8.8 209.244.0.3 iface eth1 inet static address 10.111.163.76 netmask 255.255.0.0 gateway 10.111.128.134 ip route gives: default via 111.111.224.1 dev eth0 10.111.0.0/16 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 10.111.163.76 111.111.224.0/19 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 111.111.250.250

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  • TRIM in centos 5.X?

    - by Frank Farmer
    I've got a bunch of centos 5 boxes with Intel X-25 drives (x25-m in dev, x25-e in prod, I think). We're seeing severely degraded disk performance on one of our dev boxes (which easily does 5+ gb of writes every day, meaning we write the full drive's worth of data several times a month). The box in question: Intel x25-m Ext3 (which doesn't support TRIM) centos 5 vmware ESXi Wikipedia mentions that newer versions of hdparm (which centos5 doesn't include) can bulk-TRIM free blocks. This utility also sounds potentially useful: http://blog.patshead.com/2009/12/a-quick-and-dirty-wipersh-fix-for-intel-x25-m.html Disk write performance has dropped to <1 MB/sec while copying a 300 meg directory on this system, as of a month or so ago -- it used to be able to perform the same copy operation at least 5 times faster. What can I do to recover performance on this system?

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  • Apache virtual host proxy to nginx for ruby

    - by Kevin Brown
    I'm running a few php sites off apache and want to start rails dev. I've installed rvm/nginx and can get my ruby site by going to websiteroot.com:8000... How do I pass ruby.websiteroot.com to websiteroot.com:8000? What's the best way for me to route a subdomain for ruby dev?? I'd switch to nginx completely if it weren't for all my php sites--seems like it's easier to just proxy for ruby. Advice? My nginx config looks like this: server{ listen 8000; server_name website.com; root /home/me/sites/ruby_folder/public; ... } My apache config looks like this: <VirtualHost> ServerName ruby.website.com ProxyPreserveHost on ProxyPass / http://127.0.0.1:8000 ProxyPassReverse / http://127.0.0.1:8000 </VirtualHost>

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  • How do I convert a Linux disk image into a sparse file?

    - by endolith
    I have a bunch of disk images, made with ddrescue, on an EXT partition, and I want to reduce their size without losing data, while still being mountable. How can I fill the empty space in the image's filesystem with zeros, and then convert the file into a sparse file so this empty space is not actually stored on disk? For example: > du -s --si --apparent-size Jimage.image 120G Jimage.image > du -s --si Jimage.image 121G Jimage.image This actually only has 50G of real data on it, though, so the second measurement should be much smaller. This supposedly will fill empty space with zeros: cat /dev/zero > zero.file rm zero.file But if sparse files are handled transparently, it might actually create a sparse file without writing anything to the virtual disk, ironically preventing me from turning the virtual disk image into a sparse file itself. :) Does it? Note: For some reason, sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=./zero.file works when cat does not on a mounted disk image.

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  • Installing Fedora 11 fIlesystem from ISO in to a VM image

    - by okhalid
    Hi, I need to install Fedora 11 in my monitor-less linux box which is running some where in a data center. I will use Fedora 11 as a virtual machine. What I already know/have: 1) How to create LVM partitions and create ext3 filesystem 2) Mount the LVM partition and ISO image 3) Run the partition with Xen as a virtual machine What I need: 1) I need to install Fedora ll file system into an lvm partition (let's say /dev/fedora11) from an ISO image so that I have all the directories /root, /bin, /sys etc etc under /dev/fedora11 Any help would be much appreciated! NOTE: I don't have a monitor for this server, so I need to do it via SSH

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  • Linux SW Raid: whole disk or per-partition?

    - by Steve Pomeroy
    I have inherited a machine which has 2 physical disks and uses Linux SW RAID(1). Both disks are partitioned and are are all individual arrays (/dev/md0, /dev/md6, etc.). Those arrays are then mounted (/boot, /home, etc. even /tmp). As RAID is designed to mitigate physical failures, is there any reason why one would use this technique over whole-disk arrays that are then partitioned (perhaps using LVM)? This seems prone to more potential issues, but may have some special properties that I haven't been able to glean. I'm planning on moving this setup to: disks?SWRAID(1)?LVM as I'll be making multiple VMs out of the one machine, but wanted to make sure I knew what I was doing when I got rid of the old setup.

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  • Ext3 partition doesn't mount on Snow Leopard using MacFUSE

    - by Fez
    I'm dual-booting OS X and Ubuntu on a Macbook 4,1. I'm trying to mount my Linux partition in OS X. I installed MacFUSE 2.0.3,2 and fuse-ext2-0.0.7 on Snow Leopard 10.6.5. I created the directory /Volumes/Ubuntu and tried to mount the disk there using the command: fuse-ext2 /dev/disk0s4 /Volumes/Ubuntu/ This is the output I get: fuse-ext2: version:'0.0.7', fuse_version:'27' [main (../../fuse-ext2/fuse-ext2.c:324)] fuse-ext2: enter [do_probe (../../fuse-ext2/do_probe.c:30)] fuse-ext2: Error while trying to open /dev/disk0s4 (rc=13) [do_probe (../../fuse-ext2/do_probe.c:34)] fuse-ext2: Probe failed [main (../../fuse-ext2/fuse-ext2.c:340)] Any clue what's going wrong? Thanks!

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  • Upgrade MySQL on Plesk on Windows

    - by Cyril Gupta
    I just got a nasty surprise when I installed a website in Unicode Hindi (Indian language) on a server, all freshly entered unicode data is turning into question marks on the server. On my dev machine it works perfectly. I found that I have MySQL version 5.0.45 (installed in default by Plesk I guess). On my dev machine i have version 5.1.33. I believe the problem could be due to the version difference. The new version of MySQL apparently has better support for Unicode than the older one. I want to upgrade MySQL on my Windows Server machine with Plesk installed on it I am reluctant to just install the new version using the mysql installer because Plesk maintains some custom settings for mysql and I am afraid the new version could change those settings and break my db. Can anyone tell me do I have to do anything special to install MySQL on plesk on windows or can I just use the new version installer?

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  • How to choose python version to install in gentoo

    - by Shamanu4
    Hello, I'm using linux gentoo and i want to install python2.5 but it's a problem. emerge -av python shows These are the packages that would be merged, in order: Calculating dependencies... done! [ebuild U ] dev-lang/python-3.1.2-r3 [3.1.1-r1] USE="gdbm ipv6 ncurses readline ssl threads (wide-unicode%*) xml -build -doc -examples -sqlite* -tk -wininst (-ucs2%)" 9,558 kB [ebuild U ] app-admin/python-updater-0.8 [0.7] 8 kB and there are ebuild for more versions: # ls /usr/portage/dev-lang/python ChangeLog files Manifest metadata.xml python-2.4.6.ebuild python-2.5.4-r4.ebuild python-2.6.4-r1.ebuild python-2.6.5-r2.ebuild python-3.1.2-r3.ebuild How to choose ebuild that I want? (python-2.5.4-r4)

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  • debian modem problems !!!

    - by Raafat
    hay there guys ... I'm a new Debian user, it looks like a very good choice 4 me, every thing is stable, free and easy to use. the problem is, I'm using my modem to establish a dial up connection to the internet (ppp) (a very old stupid way I'm forced to use for now), and using the KPPP application to do that, and nothing is working properly for me. it seems like it didn't recognize my modem or something. i already tried to make a few stuff, and now i know my modem is on /dev/tty0, so i made a link for that on /dev/modem, and query the modem using KPPP and it responded with something like: Ati : Ati0: Ati1: ... ... Ati7: with a textBox to fill up in front of each one of thees Atis, and now, when i press connect on kppp, it says modem ready, and that's it. BTW, my modem is MDC AC'97 any suggestions pleas ....

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