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  • Best way to handle global state

    - by David
    Hi there, I was wondering if anyone could offer some advice on 'best practices' for using global state in a web application - specifically PHP, although im looking for generic best practices i.e. design patterns etc. At the moment I just use a static class, calling it Configs. I suppose this is similar to using the registry pattern but surely there is a more elegant way of handling global data within an application - i just cant think of a better way though.

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  • What situations does a Monostate pattern model?

    - by devoured elysium
    I know what both a Singleton or a Monostate are and how to implement them. Although I can see many uses for a Singleton, I can't imagine a situation where I would want to let the user create as many instances of my class although in reality only one really exists behind the scenes. Can anybody help me here? I know that for several reasons one should stay away from both patterns, but in theory, what kind of problems does the Monostate model? Thanks

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  • "state is undetermined" when starting Grails app on CloudFoundry

    - by SeattleStephens
    I have a Grails app that has been running on CloudFoundry for months. I updated the app from Grails 2.0.4 to 2.1.0 and also updated a few plugins I have been using. Now when I push the app to CloudFoundry and do the start, I receive the error: 'appname' state is undetermined, not enough information available. The tomcat Catalina log shows the NoClassDefFoundError below. I've read about issues with the Ivy cache but have not looked into that yet. I have updated vmc to the latest version (0.3.18). SEVERE: Error deploying web application directory ROOT java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/tomcat/PeriodicEventListener at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method) at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:632) at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:616) at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:2818) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1159) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1647) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1526) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1128) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:1026) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:4421) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4734) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:799) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:779) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:601) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1079) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:1002) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:506) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1317) at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:324) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:142) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1065) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:840) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1057) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.tomcat.PeriodicEventListener at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1680) at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1526) ... 34 more

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  • Interface (contract), Generics (universality), and extension methods (ease of use). Is it a right design?

    - by Saeed Neamati
    I'm trying to design a simple conversion framework based on these requirements: All developers should follow a predefined set of rules to convert from the source entity to the target entity Some overall policies should be able to be applied in a central place, without interference with developers' code Both the creation of converters and usage of converter classes should be easy To solve these problems in C# language, A thought came to my mind. I'm writing it here, though it doesn't compile at all. But let's assume that C# compiles this code: I'll create a generic interface called IConverter public interface IConverter<TSource, TTarget> where TSource : class, new() where TTarget : class, new() { TTarget Convert(TSource source); List<TTarget> Convert(List<TSource> sourceItems); } Developers would implement this interface to create converters. For example: public class PhoneToCommunicationChannelConverter : IConverter<Phone, CommunicationChannle> { public CommunicationChannel Convert(Phone phone) { // conversion logic } public List<CommunicationChannel> Convert(List<Phone> phones) { // conversion logic } } And to make the usage of this conversion class easier, imagine that we add static and this keywords to methods to turn them into Extension Methods, and use them this way: List<Phone> phones = GetPhones(); List<CommunicationChannel> channels = phones.Convert(); However, this doesn't even compile. With those requirements, I can think of some other designs, but they each lack an aspect. Either the implementation would become more difficult or chaotic and out of control, or the usage would become truly hard. Is this design right at all? What alternatives I might have to achieve those requirements?

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  • Problem with Java Mail : No provider for smtp

    - by user359198
    Hello all. I am using JavaMail to do a simple application that sends an email when it finds some files in a directory. I managed to get it worked from Eclipse. I Run the application and it sent the email with no errors. But, when I created the jar, and executed it, it fails in the email sending part. It gives this exception. javax.mail.NoSuchProviderException: No provider for smtp at javax.mail.Session.getProvider(Session.java:460) at javax.mail.Session.getTransport(Session.java:655) at javax.mail.Session.getTransport(Session.java:636) at main.java.util.MailManager.sendMail(MailManager.java:69) at main.java.DownloadsMail.composeAndSendMail(DownloadsMail.java:16) at main.java.DownloadsController.checkDownloads(DownloadsController.java:51) at main.java.MainDownloadsController.run(MainDownloadsController.java:26) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) I am using the library in this method: public static boolean sendMail(String subject, String text){ noExceptionsThrown = true; try { loadProperties(); } catch (IOException e1) { System.out.println("Problem encountered while loading properties"); e1.printStackTrace(); noExceptionsThrown = false; } Properties mailProps = new Properties(); String host = "mail.smtp.host"; mailProps.setProperty(host, connectionProps.getProperty(host)); String tls = "mail.smtp.starttls.enable"; mailProps.setProperty(tls, connectionProps.getProperty(tls)); String port = "mail.smtp.port"; mailProps.setProperty(port, connectionProps.getProperty(port)); String user = "mail.smtp.user"; mailProps.setProperty(user, connectionProps.getProperty(user)); String auth = "mail.smtp.auth"; mailProps.setProperty(auth, connectionProps.getProperty(auth)); Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(mailProps); //session.setDebug(true); MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session); try { message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(messageProps.getProperty("from"))); message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress( messageProps.getProperty("to"))); message.setSubject(subject); message.setText(text); Transport t = session.getTransport("smtp"); try { t.connect(connectionProps.getProperty("user"), passwordProps .getProperty("password")); t.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients()); } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("Error encountered while sending the email"); e.printStackTrace(); noExceptionsThrown = false; } finally { t.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("Error encountered while creating the message"); e.printStackTrace(); noExceptionsThrown = false; } return noExceptionsThrown; } I am loading these values from properties files. mail.smtp.host=smtp.gmail.com mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true mail.smtp.port=587 mail.smtp.auth=true I have tried to change the host by ssl://smtp.gmail.com, the port by 465 (just for trying something different), but it doesn't work either. Anyway, if it works fine from Eclipse with the original parameters, I guess that the values are correct, but the problem is creating the jar. I don't know very much about the possible results or changes when creating a jar. Could the JavaMail libraries someway go wrong when the jar is created? Do you have any ideas? Thank you very much for your help.

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  • Abstracting functionality

    - by Ralf Westphal
    Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/theArchitectsNapkin/archive/2014/08/22/abstracting-functionality.aspxWhat is more important than data? Functionality. Yes, I strongly believe we should switch to a functionality over data mindset in programming. Or actually switch back to it. Focus on functionality Functionality once was at the core of software development. Back when algorithms were the first thing you heard about in CS classes. Sure, data structures, too, were important - but always from the point of view of algorithms. (Niklaus Wirth gave one of his books the title “Algorithms + Data Structures” instead of “Data Structures + Algorithms” for a reason.) The reason for the focus on functionality? Firstly, because software was and is about doing stuff. Secondly because sufficient performance was hard to achieve, and only thirdly memory efficiency. But then hardware became more powerful. That gave rise to a new mindset: object orientation. And with it functionality was devalued. Data took over its place as the most important aspect. Now discussions revolved around structures motivated by data relationships. (John Beidler gave his book the title “Data Structures and Algorithms: An Object Oriented Approach” instead of the other way around for a reason.) Sure, this data could be embellished with functionality. But nevertheless functionality was second. When you look at (domain) object models what you mostly find is (domain) data object models. The common object oriented approach is: data aka structure over functionality. This is true even for the most modern modeling approaches like Domain Driven Design. Look at the literature and what you find is recommendations on how to get data structures right: aggregates, entities, value objects. I´m not saying this is what object orientation was invented for. But I´m saying that´s what I happen to see across many teams now some 25 years after object orientation became mainstream through C++, Delphi, and Java. But why should we switch back? Because software development cannot become truly agile with a data focus. The reason for that lies in what customers need first: functionality, behavior, operations. To be clear, that´s not why software is built. The purpose of software is to be more efficient than the alternative. Money mainly is spent to get a certain level of quality (e.g. performance, scalability, security etc.). But without functionality being present, there is nothing to work on the quality of. What customers want is functionality of a certain quality. ASAP. And tomorrow new functionality needs to be added, existing functionality needs to be changed, and quality needs to be increased. No customer ever wanted data or structures. Of course data should be processed. Data is there, data gets generated, transformed, stored. But how the data is structured for this to happen efficiently is of no concern to the customer. Ask a customer (or user) whether she likes the data structured this way or that way. She´ll say, “I don´t care.” But ask a customer (or user) whether he likes the functionality and its quality this way or that way. He´ll say, “I like it” (or “I don´t like it”). Build software incrementally From this very natural focus of customers and users on functionality and its quality follows we should develop software incrementally. That´s what Agility is about. Deliver small increments quickly and often to get frequent feedback. That way less waste is produced, and learning can take place much easier (on the side of the customer as well as on the side of developers). An increment is some added functionality or quality of functionality.[1] So as it turns out, Agility is about functionality over whatever. But software developers’ thinking is still stuck in the object oriented mindset of whatever over functionality. Bummer. I guess that (at least partly) explains why Agility always hits a glass ceiling in projects. It´s a clash of mindsets, of cultures. Driving software development by demanding small increases in functionality runs against thinking about software as growing (data) structures sprinkled with functionality. (Excuse me, if this sounds a bit broad-brush. But you get my point.) The need for abstraction In the end there need to be data structures. Of course. Small and large ones. The phrase functionality over data does not deny that. It´s not functionality instead of data or something. It´s just over, i.e. functionality should be thought of first. It´s a tad more important. It´s what the customer wants. That´s why we need a way to design functionality. Small and large. We need to be able to think about functionality before implementing it. We need to be able to reason about it among team members. We need to be able to communicate our mental models of functionality not just by speaking about them, but also on paper. Otherwise reasoning about it does not scale. We learned thinking about functionality in the small using flow charts, Nassi-Shneiderman diagrams, pseudo code, or UML sequence diagrams. That´s nice and well. But it does not scale. You can use these tools to describe manageable algorithms. But it does not work for the functionality triggered by pressing the “1-Click Order” on an amazon product page for example. There are several reasons for that, I´d say. Firstly, the level of abstraction over code is negligible. It´s essentially non-existent. Drawing a flow chart or writing pseudo code or writing actual code is very, very much alike. All these tools are about control flow like code is.[2] In addition all tools are computationally complete. They are about logic which is expressions and especially control statements. Whatever you code in Java you can fully (!) describe using a flow chart. And then there is no data. They are about control flow and leave out the data altogether. Thus data mostly is assumed to be global. That´s shooting yourself in the foot, as I hope you agree. Even if it´s functionality over data that does not mean “don´t think about data”. Right to the contrary! Functionality only makes sense with regard to data. So data needs to be in the picture right from the start - but it must not dominate the thinking. The above tools fail on this. Bottom line: So far we´re unable to reason in a scalable and abstract manner about functionality. That´s why programmers are so driven to start coding once they are presented with a problem. Programming languages are the only tool they´ve learned to use to reason about functional solutions. Or, well, there might be exceptions. Mathematical notation and SQL may have come to your mind already. Indeed they are tools on a higher level of abstraction than flow charts etc. That´s because they are declarative and not computationally complete. They leave out details - in order to deliver higher efficiency in devising overall solutions. We can easily reason about functionality using mathematics and SQL. That´s great. Except for that they are domain specific languages. They are not general purpose. (And they don´t scale either, I´d say.) Bummer. So to be more precise we need a scalable general purpose tool on a higher than code level of abstraction not neglecting data. Enter: Flow Design. Abstracting functionality using data flows I believe the solution to the problem of abstracting functionality lies in switching from control flow to data flow. Data flow very naturally is not about logic details anymore. There are no expressions and no control statements anymore. There are not even statements anymore. Data flow is declarative by nature. With data flow we get rid of all the limiting traits of former approaches to modeling functionality. In addition, nomen est omen, data flows include data in the functionality picture. With data flows, data is visibly flowing from processing step to processing step. Control is not flowing. Control is wherever it´s needed to process data coming in. That´s a crucial difference and needs some rewiring in your head to be fully appreciated.[2] Since data flows are declarative they are not the right tool to describe algorithms, though, I´d say. With them you don´t design functionality on a low level. During design data flow processing steps are black boxes. They get fleshed out during coding. Data flow design thus is more coarse grained than flow chart design. It starts on a higher level of abstraction - but then is not limited. By nesting data flows indefinitely you can design functionality of any size, without losing sight of your data. Data flows scale very well during design. They can be used on any level of granularity. And they can easily be depicted. Communicating designs using data flows is easy and scales well, too. The result of functional design using data flows is not algorithms (too low level), but processes. Think of data flows as descriptions of industrial production lines. Data as material runs through a number of processing steps to be analyzed, enhances, transformed. On the top level of a data flow design might be just one processing step, e.g. “execute 1-click order”. But below that are arbitrary levels of flows with smaller and smaller steps. That´s not layering as in “layered architecture”, though. Rather it´s a stratified design à la Abelson/Sussman. Refining data flows is not your grandpa´s functional decomposition. That was rooted in control flows. Refining data flows does not suffer from the limits of functional decomposition against which object orientation was supposed to be an antidote. Summary I´ve been working exclusively with data flows for functional design for the past 4 years. It has changed my life as a programmer. What once was difficult is now easy. And, no, I´m not using Clojure or F#. And I´m not a async/parallel execution buff. Designing the functionality of increments using data flows works great with teams. It produces design documentation which can easily be translated into code - in which then the smallest data flow processing steps have to be fleshed out - which is comparatively easy. Using a systematic translation approach code can mirror the data flow design. That way later on the design can easily be reproduced from the code if need be. And finally, data flow designs play well with object orientation. They are a great starting point for class design. But that´s a story for another day. To me data flow design simply is one of the missing links of systematic lightweight software design. There are also other artifacts software development can produce to get feedback, e.g. process descriptions, test cases. But customers can be delighted more easily with code based increments in functionality. ? No, I´m not talking about the endless possibilities this opens for parallel processing. Data flows are useful independently of multi-core processors and Actor-based designs. That´s my whole point here. Data flows are good for reasoning and evolvability. So forget about any special frameworks you might need to reap benefits from data flows. None are necessary. Translating data flow designs even into plain of Java is possible. ?

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  • MVC repository pattern design decision

    - by bradjive
    I have an asp .net MVC application and recently started implementing the repository pattern with a service validation layer, much like this. I've been creating one repository/service for each model that I create. Is this overkill? Instead, should I create one repository/service for each logical business area that provides CRUD for many different models? To me, it seems like I'm either cluttering the project tree with many files or cluttering a class with many methods. 6 one way half dozen the other. Can you think of any good arguments either way?

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  • Making a app show inside a GUI in Java

    - by José
    Hello. I have one problem I've been dealing with for this week. You see, I'm new to Java, so that's probably it... Anyways, I've started a project out of pure curiosity. I had it done in Java, but in plain CMD-style, which is not very pretty. It calls one of my ten programs, chosen by the user using "Case". Eg.: If you type 1, it will go to program 1. After you finish it, it goes back to selection until the user press 0. After that, I've been trying to make a GUI for it. I've been able to create the selector alone and make it respond to the numbers chosen. If you press 1 and click ok, it will tell you you've chosen program 1. I, however, have not been able to make it run the program. I've been trying to make the program show up in a jPanel, part of the main GUI. I failed miserably. The program runs in separate but I can't make them run together like the CMD one. The apps were made in Eclipse SDK 3.5.2 The GUIs were made in Netbeans IDE 6.8 Here's the code for the GUI only (the prints are in PT-BR, my native language): Main program: /* * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates * and open the template in the editor. */ /* * ProgramasGUI.java * * Created on 31/01/2010, 22:56:19 */ package Main; import Main.Prog1; /** * * @author Zeh® */ public class ProgramasGUI extends javax.swing.JFrame { /** Creates new form ProgramasGUI */ public ProgramasGUI() { initComponents(); } /** This method is called from within the constructor to * initialize the form. * WARNING: Do NOT modify this code. The content of this method is * always regenerated by the Form Editor. */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Generated Code"> private void initComponents() { selecao = new javax.swing.JTextField(); mostrador = new javax.swing.JLabel(); selecionar = new javax.swing.JButton(); mostrador1 = new javax.swing.JLabel(); jPanel1 = new javax.swing.JPanel(); setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); selecao.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { selecaoActionPerformed(evt); } }); mostrador.setText("Qual o programa desejado?"); selecionar.setText("OK"); selecionar.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { selecionarActionPerformed(evt); } }); mostrador1.setText("Saiba aqui o Programa escolhido!"); jPanel1.addComponentListener(new java.awt.event.ComponentAdapter() { public void componentShown(java.awt.event.ComponentEvent evt) { jPanel1ComponentShown(evt); } }); javax.swing.GroupLayout jPanel1Layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(jPanel1); jPanel1.setLayout(jPanel1Layout); jPanel1Layout.setHorizontalGroup( jPanel1Layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGap(0, 100, Short.MAX_VALUE) ); jPanel1Layout.setVerticalGroup( jPanel1Layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGap(0, 100, Short.MAX_VALUE) ); javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(getContentPane()); getContentPane().setLayout(layout); layout.setHorizontalGroup( layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addContainerGap() .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addComponent(selecao, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 203, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addComponent(selecionar, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, 203, Short.MAX_VALUE)) .addGap(18, 18, 18) .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addComponent(mostrador1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 193, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addComponent(mostrador, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 179, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addGap(162, 162, 162) .addComponent(jPanel1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE))) .addContainerGap()) ); layout.setVerticalGroup( layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, layout.createSequentialGroup() .addContainerGap(39, Short.MAX_VALUE) .addComponent(jPanel1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addGap(30, 30, 30) .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE) .addComponent(selecao, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addComponent(mostrador, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 30, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)) .addGap(18, 18, 18) .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE) .addComponent(selecionar) .addComponent(mostrador1)) .addContainerGap()) ); pack(); }// </editor-fold> private void selecaoActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: } private void selecionarActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { // TODO add your handling code here: int programa = (int)((Double.parseDouble(selecao.getText()))); switch (programa) { case 1: mostrador1.setText("O programa " + programa + " foi escolhido!" ); break; case 2: mostrador1.setText("O programa " + programa + " foi escolhido!" ); break; case 3: mostrador1.setText("O programa " + programa + " foi escolhido!" ); break; case 4: mostrador1.setText("O programa " + programa + " foi escolhido!" ); break; case 5: mostrador1.setText("O programa " + programa + " foi escolhido!" ); break; case 6: mostrador1.setText("O programa " + programa + " foi escolhido!" ); break; case 7: mostrador1.setText("O programa " + programa + " foi escolhido!" ); break; case 8: mostrador1.setText("O programa " + programa + " foi escolhido!" ); break; case 9: mostrador1.setText("O programa " + programa + " foi escolhido!" ); break; case 10: mostrador1.setText("O programa " + programa + " foi escolhido!" ); break;} } private void jPanel1ComponentShown(java.awt.event.ComponentEvent evt) { int programa = (int)((Double.parseDouble(selecao.getText()))); switch (programa) { case 1: addNotify(Prog1.); break;} } /** * @param args the command line arguments */ public static void main(String args[]) { java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { public void run() { new ProgramasGUI().setVisible(true); } }); } // Variables declaration - do not modify private javax.swing.JPanel jPanel1; private javax.swing.JLabel mostrador; private javax.swing.JLabel mostrador1; private javax.swing.JTextField selecao; private javax.swing.JButton selecionar; // End of variables declaration } And here's the sub-program: /* * To change this template, choose Tools | Templates * and open the template in the editor. */ /* * Prog1.java * * Created on 02/02/2010, 23:57:59 */ package Main; /** * * @author Zeh® */ public class Prog1 extends javax.swing.JPanel { /** Creates new form Prog1 */ public Prog1() { initComponents(); } /** This method is called from within the constructor to * initialize the form. * WARNING: Do NOT modify this code. The content of this method is * always regenerated by the Form Editor. */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Generated Code"> private void initComponents() { jLabel1 = new javax.swing.JLabel(); numesc = new javax.swing.JLabel(); jLabel3 = new javax.swing.JLabel(); jLabel4 = new javax.swing.JLabel(); jButton1 = new javax.swing.JButton(); campo = new javax.swing.JTextField(); jLabel1.setText("Saiba aqui o Antecessor!"); numesc.setText("O número escolhido é: X"); jLabel3.setText("Saiba aqui o Sucessor!"); jLabel4.setText("Insira um número para saber seu Antecessor e Sucessor!"); jButton1.setText("Calcular!"); jButton1.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { jButton1ActionPerformed(evt); } }); campo.setText("Insira seu número"); javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(this); this.setLayout(layout); layout.setHorizontalGroup( layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addContainerGap() .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addGap(16, 16, 16) .addComponent(jButton1)) .addComponent(campo, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 100, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)) .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.UNRELATED) .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addGap(10, 10, 10) .addComponent(jLabel3)) .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup() .addGap(10, 10, 10) .addComponent(numesc, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, 154, Short.MAX_VALUE)) .addComponent(jLabel1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, 164, Short.MAX_VALUE))) .addComponent(jLabel4)) .addContainerGap()) ); layout.setVerticalGroup( layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING) .addGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, layout.createSequentialGroup() .addContainerGap() .addComponent(jLabel4) .addGap(18, 18, 18) .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE) .addComponent(campo, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE) .addComponent(jLabel1)) .addPreferredGap(javax.swing.LayoutStyle.ComponentPlacement.UNRELATED) .addComponent(numesc) .addGap(11, 11, 11) .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE) .addComponent(jLabel3) .addComponent(jButton1)) .addContainerGap(24, Short.MAX_VALUE)) ); }// </editor-fold> private void jButton1ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) { int num = (int)((Double.parseDouble(campo.getText()))); numesc.setText("O número escolhido é: " + num); int x = num-1; jLabel1.setText ("O antecessor é: " + x); int y = num+1; jLabel3.setText ("O sucessor é: " + y); } // Variables declaration - do not modify private javax.swing.JTextField campo; private javax.swing.JButton jButton1; private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel1; private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel3; private javax.swing.JLabel jLabel4; private javax.swing.JLabel numesc; // End of variables declaration } Any help would be very appreciated. If I, for some reason, made a mistake typing and/or setting the layout of this post incorrectly, please accept my apologies.

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  • Design for a machine learning artificial intelligence framework

    - by Lirik
    This is a community wiki which aims to provide a good design for a machine learning/artificial intelligence framework (ML/AI framework). Please contribute to the design of a language-agnostic framework which would allow multiple ML/AI algorithms to be plugged into a single framework which: runs the algorithms with a user-specified data set. facilitates learning, qualification, and classification. allows users to easily plug in new algorithms. can aggregate or create an ensemble of the existing algorithms. can save/load the progress of the algorithm (i.e. save the network and weights of a neural network, save the tree of a decision tree, etc.). What is a good design for this sort of ML/AI framework?

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  • Design for a machine learning artificial intelligence framework (community wiki)

    - by Lirik
    This is a community wiki which aims to provide a good design for a machine learning/artificial intelligence framework (ML/AI framework). Please contribute to the design of a language-agnostic framework which would allow multiple ML/AI algorithms to be plugged into a single framework which: runs the algorithms with a user-specified data set. facilitates learning, qualification, and classification. allows users to easily plug in new algorithms. can aggregate or create an ensemble of the existing algorithms. can save/load the progress of the algorithm (i.e. save the network and weights of a neural network, save the tree of a decision tree, etc.). What is a good design for this sort of ML/AI framework?

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  • Winforms Which Design Pattern / Agile Methodology to choose

    - by ZedBee
    I have developed desktop (winforms) applications without following any proper design pattern or agile methodologies. Now I have been given the task to re-write an existing ERP application in C# (Winforms). I have been reading about Domain Driven Design, scrum, extreme programming, layered architecture etc. Its quite confusing and really hard (because of time limitations) to go and try each and every method and then deciding which way to go. Its very hard for me to understand the bigger picture and see which pattern and agile methodology to follow. To be more specific about what I want to know is that: Is it possible to follow Domain Driven Design and still be agile. Should I choose Extreme programming or scrum in this specific scenario Where does MVP and MVVM fits, which one would be a better option for me

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  • Design question what pattern to use

    - by rahul
    Problem Description: We have a requirement of storing the snapshot of an entity temporarily in the database untill a certain period of time untill all the processes to approve the data are completed. Once all approvals are completed the data shall be permanantly persisted into the actual table. Example: 1) Consider an entity called "User". One way to create the user is through the "Create Account Process". 2) The "Create Account Process" shall capture all the information of the User and store it in a temporary table in the database. 3) The data shall be used by the "Account Approval Process" to run its verification process. 4. After all the verification is completed successfully, the User data shall be persisted to the actual table. Question: Where to store the user data entered during "Create Account Process". Additionally, User data should be editable till the verification process is complete.

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  • How to design this class hierarchy?

    - by devoured elysium
    I have defined an Event class: Event and all the following classes inherit from Event: AEvent BEvent CEvent DEvent Now, with the info I gather from all these Event classes, I will make a chart. With AEvent and BEvent, I will generate points for that chart, while with CEvent and DEvent I will paint certain regions of the chart. Now, how should I signal this in my class hierarchy? Should I make AEvent and BEvent inherit from PointEvent while CEvent and DEvent inherit from RegionEvent, being that both RegionEvent and PointEvent inherit from Event? Should I add a field with an Enum to Event with 2 values, Point and Region, and each of the child classes set their value to it? Should I use some kind of pattern here? Which one? Thanks.

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  • android call log like design

    - by Alxandr
    I'm trying to create a design for a list that looks like (and mostly behaves like) the call log, like shown here: I don't need all the design, but what I'm trying to achieve is the two-columned design with the splitter in-between, and the behavior that if I click on the main item (the left part) one thing happens (in this case, you open some details about the call), and if you press the outer right part something else happens (you call the contact). I'm pretty new to android, but I've managed to do most of the designs I wanted so far, so I don't need the entire layout for this one, only the part that does the splitting and the splitter. And if possible it would be nice to know how to map the clicks appropriately, though I think I might be able to find that out by my self.

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  • quantity of measurable units design pattern

    - by Berryl
    Hello I am thinking through a nice pattern to be useful across domains of measurable units (ie, Length, Time) and came up with the following use case and initial classes, and of course, questions! 1) Does a Composite pattern help or complicate? 2) Should the Convert method(s) in the ComposityNode be a separate converter class? All comments appreciated. Cheers, Berryl Example Use Case: var inch = new ConvertableUnit("inch", 1) var foot = new ConvertableUnit("foot", 12) var imperialUnits = new CompositeConvertableUnit("imperial units", .024) imperialUnits.AddChild(inch) imperialUnits.AddChild(foot) var meter = new ConvertableUnit("meter", 1) var millimeter = new ConvertableUnit("millimeter ", .001) var imperialUnits = new CompositeConvertableUnit("metric units", 1) imperialUnits.AddChild(meter) imperialUnits.AddChild(millimeter) var oneInch = new Quantity(1, inch); var oneFoot = new Quantity(1, foot); oneFoot.ToBase() // "12 inches" var oneMeter = new Quantity(1, meter); oneInch.ToBase() // .024 meters Possible Solution ConvertableUnit : Node double Rate string Name Quantity ConvertableUnit Unit double Amount CompositeConvertableUnit : Node ISet<ConvertableUnit> _children ConvertableUnit BaseUnit {get{ return _children.Where(c=>c.Rate == 1).First() } } Quantity ConvertTo(Quantity from, Quantity to) Quantity ToBase(Quantity from);

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  • Shouldn't ObjectInputStream extend FilterInputStream?

    - by Vaibhav Bajpai
    The block quotes are from the Java Docs - A FilterInputStream contains some other input stream, which it uses as its basic source of data, possibly transforming the data along the way or providing additional functionality. A DataInputStream lets an application read primitive Java data types from an underlying input stream in a machine-independent way. The DataInputStream therefore extends FilterInputStream An ObjectInputStream deserializes primitive data and objects previously written using an ObjectOutputStream. However, for some reason the ObjectInputStream does NOT extend FilterInputStream even though it is also reading objects (this time and not primitive types) from the underlying input stream. Here is the branching of the concerned classes. Is there is a design reasoning for the same?

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  • View centric design with Django

    - by wishi_
    Hi! I'm relatively new to Django and I'm designing a website that primarily needs usability experience, speaking of optimized CSS, HTML5 and UI stuff. It's very easy to use Django for data/Model centric design. Just designing a couple of Python classes and ./manage.py syncdb - there's your Model. But I'm dealing with a significant amount of View centric challenges. (Different user classes, different tasks, different design challenges.) The official Django tutorial cursorily goes through using a "Template". Is there any Design centric guide for Django, or a set of Templates that are ready and useable? I don't want to start from scratch using JS, HTML5, Ajax and everything. From the Model layer perspective Django is very rapid and delivering a working base system. I wonder whether there's something like that for the Views.

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  • Is there a recommended way to use the Observer pattern in MVP using GWT?

    - by Tomislav Nakic-Alfirevic
    I am thinking about implementing a user interface according to the MVP pattern using GWT, but have doubts about how to proceed. These are (some of) my goals: - the presenter knows nothing about the UI technology (i.e. uses nothing from com.google.*) - the view knows nothing about the model or the presenter - the model knows nothing of the view or the presenter (...obviously) I would place an interface between the view and the presenter and use the Observer pattern to decouple the two: the view generates events and the presenter gets notified. What confuses me is that java.util.Observer and java.util.Observable are not supported in GWT. This suggests that what I'm doing is not the recommended way to do it, as far as GWT is concerned, which leads me to my questions: what is the recommended way to implement MVP using GWT, specifically with the above goals in mind? How would you do it?

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  • What is the "Dispatcher" design pattern?

    - by Ben Farmer
    What is the "dispatcher" pattern and how would I implement it in code? I have a property bag of generic objects and would like to have the retrieval delegated to a generic method. Currently, I have properties looking for a specific key in the bag. For example: private Dictionary<String, Object> Foo { get; set; } private const String WidgetKey = "WIDGETKEY"; public Widget? WidgetItem { get { return Foo.ContainsKey(WidgetKey) ? Foo[WidgetKey] as Widget: null; } set { if (Foo.ContainsKey(WidgetKey)) Foo[WidgetKey] = value; else Foo.Add(WidgetKey, value); } } It was suggested that this could be more generic with the "dispatcher" pattern, but I've been unable to find a good description or example. I'm looking for a more generic way to handle the property bag store/retrieve.

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  • Alternative design for a synonyms table?

    - by Majid
    I am working on an app which is to suggest alternative words/phrases for input text. I have doubts about what might be a good design for the synonyms table. Design considerations: number of synonyms is variable, i.e. football has one synonym (soccer), but in particular has two (particularly, specifically) if football is a synonym to soccer, the relation exists in the opposite direction as well. our goal is to query a word and find its synonyms we want to keep the table small and make adding new words easy What comes to my mind is a two column design with col a = word and col b = delimited list of synonyms Is there any better alternative? What about using two tables, one for words and the other for relations?

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  • tried to update hudson via dashboard and now it doesn;t work (windows)

    - by Tim
    I get the following now in the output log. I really wish I hadn't attempted to update teh version. What a hassle. Can anyone diagnose the issue here? Running from: C:\hudson\hudson.war [Winstone 2010/06/14 23:33:54] - Beginning extraction from war file hudson home directory: C:\hudson [Winstone 2010/06/14 23:33:56] - Error during HTTP listener init or shutdown java.net.SocketException: Unrecognized Windows Sockets error: 0: JVM_Bind at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketBind(Native Method) at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.bind(Unknown Source) at java.net.ServerSocket.bind(Unknown Source) at java.net.ServerSocket.(Unknown Source) at java.net.ServerSocket.(Unknown Source) at winstone.HttpListener.getServerSocket(HttpListener.java:102) at winstone.HttpListener.run(HttpListener.java:116) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) [Winstone 2010/06/14 23:33:56] - HTTP Listener shutdown successfully [Winstone 2010/06/14 23:33:56] - Winstone Servlet Engine v0.9.10 running: controlPort=disabled [Winstone 2010/06/14 23:33:56] - Error during AJP13 listener init or shutdown java.net.SocketException: Unrecognized Windows Sockets error: 0: JVM_Bind at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketBind(Native Method) at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.bind(Unknown Source) at java.net.ServerSocket.bind(Unknown Source) at java.net.ServerSocket.(Unknown Source) at java.net.ServerSocket.(Unknown Source) at winstone.ajp13.Ajp13Listener.run(Ajp13Listener.java:99) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) [Winstone 2010/06/14 23:33:56] - AJP13 Listener shutdown successfully Running from: C:\hudson\hudson.war [Winstone 2010/06/14 23:38:49] - Beginning extraction from war file hudson home directory: C:\hudson [Winstone 2010/06/14 23:38:51] - Winstone Servlet Engine v0.9.10 running: controlPort=disabled [Winstone 2010/06/14 23:38:51] - Error during AJP13 listener init or shutdown java.net.SocketException: Unrecognized Windows Sockets error: 0: JVM_Bind at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketBind(Native Method) at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.bind(Unknown Source) at java.net.ServerSocket.bind(Unknown Source) at java.net.ServerSocket.(Unknown Source) at java.net.ServerSocket.(Unknown Source) at winstone.ajp13.Ajp13Listener.run(Ajp13Listener.java:99) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) [Winstone 2010/06/14 23:38:51] - AJP13 Listener shutdown successfully [Winstone 2010/06/14 23:38:51] - Error during HTTP listener init or shutdown java.net.SocketException: Unrecognized Windows Sockets error: 0: JVM_Bind at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketBind(Native Method) at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.bind(Unknown Source) at java.net.ServerSocket.bind(Unknown Source) at java.net.ServerSocket.(Unknown Source) at java.net.ServerSocket.(Unknown Source) at winstone.HttpListener.getServerSocket(HttpListener.java:102) at winstone.HttpListener.run(HttpListener.java:116) at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source) [Winstone 2010/06/14 23:38:51] - HTTP Listener shutdown successfully

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  • Need help in Architecture design in java

    - by palakolanusrinu
    Can anyone help in architecture design of one of my complex application. Requirement : In web based application, we need to generate Excel kind of report as HTML page and after that we need to perform different kinds of operations like Add manual rows Delete rows Edit rows adding comments based on each cell viewing the added comments. attaching the file based on each cell viewing the attached file. Collapsible functionality for some of rows In the process of design we have come up with DB design and application framework is Spring. and for Web not yet finalized. what is the best approach to implement this kind of UI? --JSF?(keep in mind we need to Excel operations like above mentioned operations) -- Any reporting tool which will provide editing functionality? Please suggest me How can we do it? and what is the best technology for it? or is there any reporting tools?

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  • How to use Java on Google App Engine without exceeding minute quotas?

    - by Geo
    A very simple java code inside a doGet() servlet is getting more than a second of cpu time on GAE. I have read some quota related documentation and apparently I am not doing anything wrong. //Request the user Agent info String userAgent = req.getHeader("User-Agent"); I wanted to know what was using the CPU the most, I use a google help recommendation. //The two lines below will get the CPU before requesting User-Agent Information QuotaService qs = QuotaServiceFactory.getQuotaService(); long start = qs.getCpuTimeInMegaCycles(); //Request the user Agent info String userAgent = req.getHeader("User-Agent"); //The three lines below will get the CPU after requesting User-Agent Information // and informed it to the application log. long end = qs.getCpuTimeInMegaCycles(); double cpuSeconds = qs.convertMegacyclesToCpuSeconds(end - start); log.warning("CPU Seconds on geting User Agent: " + cpuSeconds); The only thing that the code above tells me is that inspecting the header will use more than a second (1000ms) of cpu time, which for Google is a warning on the log panel. That seems to be a very simple request and still is using more than a second of cpu. What I am missing?

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  • Design pattern to integrate Rails with a Comet server

    - by empire29
    I have a Ruby on Rails (2.3.5) application and an APE (Ajax Push Engine) server. When records are created within the Rails application, i need to push the new record out on applicable channels to the APE server. Records can be created in the rails app by the traditional path through the controller's create action, or it can be created by several event machines that are constantly monitoring various inputstream and creating records when they see data that meets a certain criteria. It seems to me that the best/right place to put the code that pushes the data out to the APE server (which in turn pushes it out to the clients) is in the Model's after_create hook (since not all record creations will flow through the controller's create action). The final caveat is I want to push a piece of formatted HTML out to the APE server (rather than a JSON representation of the data). The reason I want to do this is 1) I already have logic to produce the desired layout in existing partials 2) I don't want to create a javascript implementation of the partials (javascript that takes a JSON object and creates all the HTML around it for presentation). This would quickly become a maintenance nightmare. The problem with this is it would require "rendering" partials from within the Model (which im having trouble doing anyhow because they don't seem to have access to Helpers when they're rendered in this manner). Anyhow - Just wondering what the right way to go about organizing all of this is. Thanks

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