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  • Database Version Control SQL Server 2008 Drop SP's and Functions

    - by Lieven Cardoen
    I'm working on versioning our database and now searching for a way to drop all stored procedures and functions from a C# Console Application. I'd rather not create a stored procedure that drops all stored procedures and functions. I has to be some sql executed from C#. I tried to drop the stored procedure before creating it, but I get this message: System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: 'CREATE/ALTER PROCEDURE' must be the first statement in a query batch. Script for one SP for example: DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_Economatic_LoadJournalEntryFeedbackByData] SET ANSI_NULLS ON SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[sp_Economatic_LoadJournalEntryFeedbackByData] @Data VARCHAR(MAX) AS BEGIN ... END So I guess before creating all SP's and functions I'll need to drop all SP's and functions first with one sql script.

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  • Visual Studio 2010 SQL Server Database Project - Ignore Stored Procedures and Functions

    - by Carter
    I really like the new SQL Server Database projects in Visual Studio 2010. I also like using the "Generate DROP statements for objects that are in the target database but that are not in the database project" option in the deployment properties. However, I do not want to manage Stored Procedures and Functions using this interface; I have another tool for that. Every time I do a build and deploy, VS will drop my stored procedures that I have created with my external program. I would like to essentially "ignore" stored procedures and functions. Is there a way to ignore stored procedures and functions when building SQL Server Database projects? I won't be able to use the "Generate DROP statements..." option if I want to use my external tool for stored procedures and functions.

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  • Tcl question - how to list functions in a namespace

    - by Bub Bradlee
    I am trying to list all of the functions a namespace has in it (warning - I'm really new to Tcl, so I'll probably use the wrong words for parts of Tcl). For example, I have a tcl shell someone compiled for me (if that's the right way to phrase it), and I know at least one function exists, let's call it blah::do_something I know in ruby there are ways to list all the functions in a module/namespace. How would I find out what other functions are available in the blah namespace in Tcl? Thanks in advance

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  • Calling DLL functions from VB6.

    - by Tim Ring
    I've got a Windows DLL that I wrote, written in C/C++ (all exported functions are 'C'). The DLL works fine for me in VC++. I've given the DLL to another company who do all their development in VB. They seem to be having a problem linking to the functions. I haven't used VB in ten years and I don't even have it installed. What could be the problem? I've declared all my public functions as follows: define MYDCC_API __declspec(dllexport) MYDCCL_API unsigned long MYDCC_GetVer( void); . . . Any ideas? Finally got back to this today and have it working. The answers put me on the right track but I found this most helpful: http://www.codeproject.com/KB/DLL/XDllPt2.aspx Also, I had a few problems passing strings to the DLL functions, I found this helpful: http://www.flipcode.com/archives/Interfacing_Visual_Basic_And_C.shtml

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  • [macosx]does dlopen call open and read functions?

    - by zbencik
    Hello, I've intercepted(interposed) dlopen function under MacOS X and some other functions. I see how my applications calls dlopen in the log, but don't find anything related to open/read functions after dynamic library was dlopened. How does the system accesses and reads the dynamic library file? I've looked at the source code of dyld, and it does call open/read on dlopen. Can anybody let me know what I'm missing? intercepted functions: dlopen, open, read, write, access, all stat functions, close, etc. thanks, any help is highly appreciated.

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  • Aggregate functions in ANSI SQL

    - by morpheous
    I want to use multiple aggregate functions in a query. All the examples i have seem on aggregate functions however, are trivial. Typically, they are of the form: SELECT field1,agg_func1, agg_func2 GROUP BY SOME_COLUMNS HAVING agg_func1 OP SOME_SCALAR Where: OP: is a boolean operator (e.g. <, = etc) SOME_SCALAR: is a scalar (i.e. a constant number) What I want to know is if it is possible to write (IN ANSI SQL) queries like: SELECT field1,agg_func1, agg_func2, agg_func3 GROUP BY SOME_COLUMNS HAVING (agg_func1 OP1 agg_func2) OP2 (agg_func2 OP3 agg_func3) Where: OP[N] are boolean operators or ANSI SQL clause operators like 'BETWEEN', 'LIKE', 'IN' etc. Also, assuming this is possible (I have not seen any documentation saying otherwise) are there any efficiency/performance considerations (i.e. penalties) when the HAVING clause consists of a boolean expression combining the output of the aggregate functions - instead of the normal comparison of the output of the aggregate with a constant number (e.g. min('salary') 100 ) - which is often used in the most banal examples involving aggregate functions?

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  • Installing PHP DOM functions on Apache

    - by user352556
    I have just moved my code over to a new server (running on Apache 2.2.3), and PHP's DOM functions are now returning "Fatal error: Class 'DOMDocument' not found". I did some research and it appears that the installation I am now on does not have PHP's DOM functions enabled. I need to enable these functions, so what is the quickest way to go about this? Is it doable from a configuration file or will it require installation of extensions? Thanks!

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  • DBD::CSV: Problem with userdefined functions

    - by sid_com
    From the SQL::Statement::Functions documentation: Creating User-Defined Functions ... More complex functions can make use of a number of arguments always passed to functions automatically. Functions always receive these values in @_: sub FOO { my( $self, $sth, $rowhash, @params ); } #!/usr/bin/env perl use 5.012; use warnings; use strict; use DBI; my $dbh = DBI->connect( "DBI:CSV:", undef, undef, { RaiseError => 1, } ); my $table = 'wages'; my $array_ref = [ [ 'id', 'number' ], [ 0, 6900 ], [ 1, 3200 ], [ 2, 1800 ], ]; $dbh->do( "CREATE TEMP TABLE $table AS import( ? )", {}, $array_ref ); sub routine { my $self = shift; my $sth = shift; my $rowhash = shift; # return $_[0] / 30; }; $dbh->do( "CREATE FUNCTION routine" ); my $sth = $dbh->prepare( "SELECT id, routine( number ) AS result FROM $table" ); $sth->execute(); $sth->dump_results(); When I try this I get an error-message: DBD::CSV::st execute failed: Use of uninitialized value $_[0] in division (/) at ./so.pl line 27. [for Statement "SELECT id, routine( number ) AS result FROM "wages""] at ./so.pl line 34. When I comment out the third argument I works as expected ( because it looks as if the third argument is missing ): #!/usr/bin/env perl ... sub routine { my $self = shift; my $sth = shift; #my $rowhash = shift; return $_[0] / 30; }; ... 0, 230 1, 106.667 2, 60 3 rows Is this a bug?

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  • Where and how to store functions in asp.net.vb

    - by si
    Hi. I am using visual studio 2008, asp.net.vb I have various functions; 1 that calculates totals, 1 that calculates averages, 1 that calculates percentages etc. The data they act upon is different depending on the particular web page, but all my pages use these functions. So I want to know how I can store these functions in a single place so that all of my web pages can access the routines. At the moment all I know how to do is to write seperate functions in the code-behind for each individual web page. Obviously that is just so long winded and inefficient, but try as I might I can't figure out how to do it better. Please can anyone help. Many thanks.

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  • Lua - How to use functions from another script

    - by Person
    I'm wondering how to use functions from another script in Lua. For example, say GameObjectUtilities holds functions that many GameObject scripts will use. The Slime (a GameObject) script wants to use a function in GameObjectUtilities. I'm having trouble getting this to work. I've looked here, but I still don't really fully understand. Do I need to create a module or a table to hold the functions in GameObjectUtilities for the functions in it to be used in other scripts? If so, what is the best way to go about this?

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  • "reduce" or "apply" using logical functions in Clojure

    - by Alex B
    I cannot use logical functions on a range of booleans in Clojure (1.2). Neither of the following works due to logical functions being macros: (reduce and [... sequence of bools ...]) (apply or [... sequence of bools ...]) The error saying that I "can't take value of a macro: #'clojure.core/and". How to apply these logical functions (macros) without writing boilerplate code?

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  • Problem about C++ class (inheritance, variables scope and functions)

    - by Luigi Giaccari
    I have a class that contains some data: class DATA Now I would to create some functions that uses those data. I can do it easily by writing member functions like DATA::usedata(); Since there are hundreds of functions, I would to keep an order in my code, so I would like to have some "categories" (not sure of the correct name) like: DATA data; data.memory.free(); data.memory.allocate(); data.file.import(); data.whatever.foo(); where memory, file and whatever are the "categories" and free, allocate and foo are the functions. I tried the inheritance way, but I got lost since I can not declare inside DATA a memory or file object, error C2079 occurs: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/9ekhdcxs%28VS.80%29.aspx Since I am not a programmer please don't be too complicated and if you have an easier way I am all ears.

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  • Increasing understanding of validating a string with PHP string functions

    - by user1554264
    I've just started attempts to validate data in PHP and I'm trying to understand this concept better. I was expecting the string passed as an argument to the $data parameter for the test_input() function to be formatted by the following PHP functions. trim() to remove white space from the end of the string stripslashes() to return a string with backslashes stripped off htmlspecialchars() to convert special characters to HTML entities The issue is that the string that I am echoing at the end of the function is not being formatted in the way I desire at all. In fact it looks exactly the same when I run this code on my server - no white space removed, the backslash is not stripped and no special characters converted to HTML entities. My question is have I gone about this in the wrong approach? Should I be creating the variable called $santised_input on 3 separate lines with each of the functions trim(), stripslashes() and htmlspecialchars()? By my understanding surely I am overwriting the value of the $santised_input variable each time I recreate it on a new line of code. Therefore the trim() and stripslashes() string functions will never be executed. What I am trying to achieve is using the "$santised_input" variable to run all of these PHP string functions when the $data argument is passed to my test_input() function. In other words can these string functions be chained together so that I only need to create $santised_input once? <?php function test_input($data) { $santised_input = trim($data); $santised_input = stripslashes($data); $santised_input = htmlspecialchars($data); echo $santised_input; } test_input("%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ealert('hacked')%3C/script%3E\ "); //Does not output desired result "&quot;&gt;&lt;script&gt;alert('hacked')&lt;/script&gt;" ?>

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  • Get functions called with GDB

    - by Werner
    Hi, I am using GDB to understand a C++ program. I put a break in the middle of the running which turns to be something like: break main.cpp:500 and I would like to see which functions have been called before. I tried "backtrace" but it shows only info about main, as previous calls to previous functions have already finished. My question is how can I get (with GDB or another method) the info about which functions have been called before this point, even if the call has been returned. Thanks

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  • Accessing a Class Member from a First-Class Function

    - by dbyrne
    I have a case class which takes a list of functions: case class A(q:Double, r:Double, s:Double, l:List[(Double)=>Double]) I have over 20 functions defined. Some of these functions have their own parameters, and some of them also use the q, r, and s values from the case class. Two examples are: def f1(w:Double) = (d:Double) => math.sin(d) * w def f2(w:Double, q:Double) = (d:Double) => d * q * w The problem is that I then need to reference q, r, and s twice when instantiating the case class: A(0.5, 1.0, 2.0, List(f1(3.0), f2(4.0, 0.5))) //0.5 is referenced twice I would like to be able to instantiate the class like this: A(0.5, 1.0, 2.0, List(f1(3.0), f2(4.0))) //f2 already knows about q! What is the best technique to accomplish this? Can I define my functions in a trait that the case class extends? EDIT: The real world application has 7 members, not 3. Only a small number of the functions need access to the members. Most of the functions don't care about them.

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  • Oracle pl\sql question for my homework in oracle 11G class [migrated]

    - by Bjolds
    I am new to oracle 11G programming and i have run into a tough situation with pl\sql funtions and automation. I ame unsure how to create the function for the automation of Registration system for a College registration system. Here is what i want to do. I want to automate the registrations system so that it automaticly registers students. Then I want a procedure to automate the grading system. I have included the code that i am written to make most of this assignment work which it does but unsure how to incorporate Pl\SQL automated fuctions for the registrations system, and the grading system. So Any help or Ideas I would greatly appreciate please. set Linesize 250 set pagesize 150 drop table student; drop table faculty; drop table Course; drop table Section; drop table location; DROP TABLE courseInstructor; DROP TABLE Registration; DROP TABLE grade; create table student( studentid number(10), Lastname varchar2(20), Firstname Varchar2(20), MI Char(1), address Varchar2(20), city Varchar2(20), state Char(2), zip Varchar2(10), HomePhone Varchar2(10), Workphone Varchar2(10), DOB Date, Pin VARCHAR2(10), Status Char(1)); ALTER TABLE Student Add Constraint Student_StudentID_pk Primary Key (studentID); Insert into student values (1,'xxxxxxxx','xxxxxxxxxx','x','xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx','Columbus','oh','44159','xxx-xxx-xxxx','xxx-xxx-xxxx','06-Mar-1957','1211','c'); create table faculty( FacultyID Number(10), FirstName Varchar2(20), Lastname Varchar2(20), MI Char(1), workphone Varchar2(10), CellPhone Varchar2(10), Rank Varchar2(20), Experience Varchar2(10), Status Char(1)); ALTER TABLE Faculty ADD Constraint Faculty_facultyId_PK PRIMARY KEY (FacultyID); insert into faculty values (1,'xxx','xxxxxxxxxxxx',xxx-xxx-xxxx','xxx-xxx-xxxx','professor','20','f'); create table Course( CourseId number(10), CourseNumber Varchar2(20), CourseName Varchar(20), Description Varchar(20), CreditHours Number(4), Status Char(1)); ALTER TABLE Course ADD Constraint Course_CourseID_pk PRIMARY KEY(CourseID); insert into course values (1,'cit 100','computer concepts','introduction to PCs','3.0','o'); insert into course values (2,'cit 101','Database Program','Database Programming','4.0','o'); insert into course values (3,'Math 101','Algebra I','Algebra I Concepts','5.0','o'); insert into course values (4,'cit 102a','Pc applications','Aplications 1','3.0','o'); insert into course values (5,'cit 102b','pc applications','applications 2','3.0','o'); insert into course values (6,'cit 102c','pc applications','applications 3','3.0','o'); insert into course values (7,'cit 103','computer concepts','introduction systems','3.0','c'); insert into course values (8,'cit 110','Unified language','UML design','3.0','o'); insert into course values (9,'cit 165','cobol','cobol programming','3.0','o'); insert into course values (10,'cit 167','C++ Programming 1','c++ programming','4.0','o'); insert into course values (11,'cit 231','Expert Excel','spreadsheet apps','3.0','o'); insert into course values (12,'cit 233','expert Access','database devel.','3.0','o'); insert into course values (13,'cit 169','Java Programming I','Java Programming I','3.0','o'); insert into course values (14,'cit 263','Visual Basic','Visual Basic Prog','3.0','o'); insert into course values (15,'cit 275','system analysis 2','System Analysis 2','3.0','o'); create table Section( SectionID Number(10), CourseId Number(10), SectionNumber VarChar2(10), Days Varchar2(10), StartTime Date, EndTime Date, LocationID Number(10), SeatAvailable Number(3), Status Char(1)); ALTER TABLE Section ADD Constraint Section_SectionID_PK PRIMARY KEY(SectionID); insert into section values (1,1,'18977','r','21-Sep-2011','10-Dec-2011','1','89','o'); create table Location( LocationId Number(10), Building Varchar2(20), Room Varchar2(5), Capacity Number(5), Satus Char(1)); ALTER TABLE Location ADD Constraint Location_LocationID_pk PRIMARY KEY (LocationID); insert into Location values (1,'Clevleand Hall','cl209','35','o'); insert into Location values (2,'Toledo Circle','tc211','45','o'); insert into Location values (3,'Akron Square','as154','65','o'); insert into Location values (4,'Cincy Hall','ch100','45','o'); insert into Location values (5,'Springfield Dome','SD','35','o'); insert into Location values (6,'Dayton Dorm','dd225','25','o'); insert into Location values (7,'Columbus Hall','CB354','15','o'); insert into Location values (8,'Cleveland Hall','cl204','85','o'); insert into Location values (9,'Toledo Circle','tc103','75','o'); insert into Location values (10,'Akron Square','as201','46','o'); insert into Location values (11,'Cincy Hall','ch301','73','o'); insert into Location values (12,'Dayton Dorm','dd245','57','o'); insert into Location values (13,'Springfield Dome','SD','65','o'); insert into Location values (14,'Cleveland Hall','cl241','10','o'); insert into Location values (15,'Toledo Circle','tc211','27','o'); insert into Location values (16,'Akron Square','as311','28','o'); insert into Location values (17,'Cincy Hall','ch415','73','o'); insert into Location values (18,'Toledo Circle','tc111','67','o'); insert into Location values (19,'Springfield Dome','SD','69','o'); insert into Location values (20,'Dayton Dorm','dd211','45','o'); Alter Table Student Add Constraint student_Zip_CK Check(Rtrim (Zip,'1234567890-') is null); Alter Table Student ADD Constraint Student_Status_CK Check(Status In('c','t')); Alter Table Student ADD Constraint Student_MI_CK2 Check(RTRIM(MI,'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')is Null); Alter Table Student Modify pin not Null; Alter table Faculty Add Constraint Faculty_Status_CK Check(Status In('f','a','i')); Alter table Faculty ADD Constraint Faculty_Rank_CK Check(Rank In ('professor','doctor','instructor','assistant','tenure')); Alter table Faculty ADD Constraint Faculty_MI_CK2 Check(RTRIM(MI,'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')is Null); Update Section Set Starttime = To_date('09-21-2011 6:00 PM', 'mm-dd-yyyy hh:mi pm'); Update Section Set Endtime = To_date('12-10-2011 9:50 PM', 'mm-dd-yyyy hh:mi pm'); alter table Section Add Constraint StartTime_Status_CK Check (starttime < Endtime); Alter Table Section Add Constraint Section_StartTime_ck check (StartTime < EndTime); Alter Table Section ADD Constraint Section_CourseId_FK FOREIGN KEY (CourseID) References Course(CourseId); Alter Table Section ADD Constraint Section_LocationID_FK FOREIGN KEY (LocationID) References Location (LocationId); Alter Table Section ADD Constraint Section_Days_CK Check(RTRIM(Days,'mtwrfsu')IS Null); update section set seatavailable = '99'; Alter Table Section ADD Constraint Section_SeatsAvailable_CK Check (SeatAvailable < 100); Alter Table Course Add Constraint Course_CreditHours_ck check(CreditHours < = 6.0); update location set capacity = '99'; Alter Table Location Add Constraint Location_Capacity_CK Check(Capacity < 100); Create Table Registration ( StudentID Number(10), SectionID Number(10), Constraint Registration_pk Primary key (studentId, Sectionid)); Insert into registration values (1, 2); Insert into Registration values (2, 3); Insert into registration values (3, 4); Insert into registration values (4, 5); Insert into registration values (5, 6); Insert into registration values (6, 7); Insert into registration values (7, 8); Insert into registration values (8, 9); insert into registration values (9, 10); insert into registration values (10, 11); insert into registration values (9, 12); insert into registration values (8, 13); insert into registration values (7, 14); insert into registration values (6, 15); insert into registration values (5, 17); insert into registration values (4, 18); insert into registration values (3, 19); insert into registration values (2, 20); insert into registration values (1, 21); insert into registration values (2, 22); insert into registration values (3, 23); insert into registration values (4, 24); insert into registration values (5, 25); Insert into registration values (6, 24); insert into registration values (7, 23); insert into registration values (8, 22); insert into registration values (9, 21); insert into registration values (10, 20); insert into registration values (9, 19); insert into registration values (8, 17); Create Table courseInstructor( FacultyID Number(10), SectionID Number(10), Constraint CourseInstructor_pk Primary key (FacultyId, SectionID)); insert into courseInstructor values (1, 1); insert into courseInstructor values (2, 2); insert into courseInstructor values (3, 3); insert into courseInstructor values (4, 4); insert into courseInstructor values (5, 5); insert into courseInstructor values (5, 6); insert into courseInstructor values (4, 7); insert into courseInstructor values (3, 8); insert into courseInstructor values (2, 9); insert into courseInstructor values (1, 10); insert into courseInstructor values (5, 11); insert into courseInstructor values (4, 12); insert into courseInstructor values (3, 13); insert into courseInstructor values (2, 14); insert into courseInstructor values (1, 15); Create table grade( StudentID Number(10), SectionID Number(10), Grade Varchar2(1), Constraint grade_pk Primary key (StudentID, SectionID)); CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TR_CreateGrade AFTER INSERT ON Registration FOR EACH ROW BEGIN INSERT INTO grade (SectionID,StudentID,Grade) VALUES(:New.SectionID,:New.StudentID,NULL); END TR_createGrade; / CREATE OR REPLACE FORCE VIEW V_reg_student_course AS SELECT Registration.StudentID, student.LastName, student.FirstName, course.CourseName, Registration.SectionID, course.CreditHours, section.Days, TO_CHAR(StartTime, 'MM/DD/YYYY') AS StartDate, TO_CHAR(StartTime, 'HH:MI PM') AS StartTime, TO_CHAR(EndTime, 'MM/DD/YYYY') AS EndDate, TO_CHAR(EndTime, 'HH:MI PM') AS EndTime, location.Building, location.Room FROM registration, student, section, course, location WHERE registration.StudentID = student.StudentID AND registration.SectionID = section.SectionID AND section.LocationID = location.LocationID AND section.CourseID = course.CourseID; CREATE OR REPLACE FORCE VIEW V_teacher_to_course AS SELECT courseInstructor.FacultyID, faculty.FirstName, faculty.LastName, courseInstructor.SectionID, section.Days, TO_CHAR(StartTime, 'MM/DD/YYYY') AS StartDate, TO_CHAR(StartTime, 'HH:MI PM') AS StartTime, TO_CHAR(EndTime, 'MM/DD/YYYY') AS EndDate, TO_CHAR(EndTime, 'HH:MI PM') AS EndTime, location.Building, location.Room FROM courseInstructor, faculty, section, course, location WHERE courseInstructor.FacultyID = faculty.FacultyID AND courseInstructor.SectionID = section.SectionID AND section.LocationID = location.LocationID AND section.CourseID = course.CourseID; SELECT * FROM V_reg_student_course; SELECT * FROM V_teacher_to_course;

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  • What's special about currying or partial application?

    - by Vigneshwaran
    I've been reading articles on Functional programming everyday and been trying to apply some practices as much as possible. But I don't understand what is unique in currying or partial application. Take this Groovy code as an example: def mul = { a, b -> a * b } def tripler1 = mul.curry(3) def tripler2 = { mul(3, it) } I do not understand what is the difference between tripler1 and tripler2. Aren't they both the same? The 'currying' is supported in pure or partial functional languages like Groovy, Scala, Haskell etc. But I can do the same thing (left-curry, right-curry, n-curry or partial application) by simply creating another named or anonymous function or closure that will forward the parameters to the original function (like tripler2) in most languages (even C.) Am I missing something here? There are places where I can use currying and partial application in my Grails application but I am hesitating to do so because I'm asking myself "How's that different?" Please enlighten me.

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  • Drawing Flowchart for function calculate a number in the Fibonacci Series

    - by truongvan
    I'm trying make Flowchart for function calculate a number in the Fibonacci Series. But It looks like not right. I don't how draw the recursive function. Please help me how to fix it. My flowchart: DIA This is my code: #include <iostream> using namespace std; long long Fibonacci(int input); int main() { cout << "Input Fibonacci Index number: "; int Index = 0; cin >> Index; cout << Fibonacci(i) << endl; return 0; } long long Fibonacci(int input) { if (input < 2) return input; else { return Fibonacci(input - 1) + Fibonacci(input - 2); } }

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  • What triggered the popularity of lambda functions in modern programming languages?

    - by Giorgio
    In the last few years anonymous functions (AKA lambda functions) have become a very popular language construct and almost every major / mainstream programming language has introduced them or is planned to introduce them in an upcoming revision of the standard. Yet, anonymous functions are a very old and very well-known concept in Mathematics and Computer Science (invented by the mathematician Alonzo Church around 1936, and used by the Lisp programming language since 1958, see e.g. here). So why didn't today's mainstream programming languages (many of which originated 15 to 20 years ago) support lambda functions from the very beginning and only introduced them later? And what triggered the massive adoption of anonymous functions in the last few years? Is there some specific event, new requirement or programming technique that started this phenomenon?

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  • Is it bad practice to output from within a function?

    - by Nick
    For example, should I be doing something like: <?php function output_message($message,$type='success') { ?> <p class="<?php echo $type; ?>"><?php echo $message; ?></p> <?php } output_message('There were some errors processing your request','error'); ?> or <?php function output_message($message,$type='success') { ob_start(); ?> <p class="<?php echo $type; ?>"><?php echo $message; ?></p> <?php return ob_get_clean(); } echo output_message('There were some errors processing your request','error'); ?> I understand they both achieve the same end result, but are there benefits doing one way over the other? Or does it not even matter?

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  • A more concise example that illustrates that type inference can be very costly?

    - by mrrusof
    It was brought to my attention that the cost of type inference in a functional language like OCaml can be very high. The claim is that there is a sequence of expressions such that for each expression the length of the corresponding type is exponential on the length of the expression. I devised the sequence below. My question is: do you know of a sequence with more concise expressions that achieves the same types? # fun a -> a;; - : 'a -> 'a = <fun> # fun b a -> b a;; - : ('a -> 'b) -> 'a -> 'b = <fun> # fun c b a -> c b (b a);; - : (('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'a -> 'c = <fun> # fun d c b a -> d c b (c b (b a));; - : ((('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'c -> 'd) -> (('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'a -> 'd = <fun> # fun e d c b a -> e d c b (d c b (c b (b a)));; - : (((('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'c -> 'd) -> (('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'd -> 'e) -> ((('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'c -> 'd) -> (('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'a -> 'e = <fun> # fun f e d c b a -> f e d c b (e d c b (d c b (c b (b a))));; - : ((((('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'c -> 'd) -> (('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'd -> 'e) -> ((('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'c -> 'd) -> (('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'e -> 'f) -> (((('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'c -> 'd) -> (('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'd -> 'e) -> ((('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'c -> 'd) -> (('a -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'c) -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'a -> 'f = <fun>

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