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• Dual Boot Windows 8 UEFI and Ubuntu 12.10

  - by 0x4a6f4672

  I have got a new Samsung Series 7 laptop with Windows 8 where I tried to install Ubuntu. It is a 64-Bit system which uses UEFI and has "Secure Boot" switched on in the BIOS by default. After I switched if off (and set it to "UEFI and CSM OS") I was able to install Ubuntu (Ubuntu 11.10, which recognized Windows as Windows Vista, although it is Windows 8), by booting from CD with Settings/Change PC Settings/General/Advanced Startup in Windows 8. But after the installation and the restart of the machine somehow ignored Ubuntu and booted only Windows 8. Then I tried to reinstall Ubuntu 12.10. It still only boots Windows 8. Then I tried Boot Repair, which was not really helpful. Any ideas how I can create a dual boot system with Windows 8 and Ubuntu 12.10 ? Here is the link that Boot Repair generated: http://paste.ubuntu.com/1368624/ Is it necessary to create an extra EFI partition with GParted?

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• Can't single boot Ubuntu 13.04 64 bit

  - by stanleyhunk

  I'm new to Ubuntu, I bought an Asus A45VS laptop recently pre-installed with Windows 8, but I have already uninstalled it and wipef the whole HDD. I plan to install Ubuntu 13.04 64 bit on it. I have tried several times to install and uninstall Ubuntu again and again with boot-able USB, but it still fail to boot. All the installation process go fine, after rebooting my laptop, it just stick to the purple screen. Then I boot it with USB again, tried boot-repair, tried make an EFI partition, still the same. I have searched on the web, and all of them was about dual booting with windows 7 or windows 8, I don't wish to do dual booting as I wish to have single OS which is Ubuntu on this laptop. please help, thanks in advance.

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• Reduce boot time between grub menu and login screen

  - by Sudheer

  I use Ubuntu 14.04 LTS version which used to boot fast at beginning but not i loads very slow. I searched for this but can't find suitable answers. so i want to reduce my boot time which is now around 1min 12sec (boot chart) overall but i noticed its taking a longtime after grub menu and before login screen. A Blank screen appears after grub waiting... then login screen appears. I want to know a way to reduce that blank screen time(or if possible remove) and get login screen as fast as possible. I already removed several of my startup applications. Getting desktop after log-in is fast. I don't want to remove unity and install light desktop envinorments like Xfce and Lxde. Here is my boot-chart image Thanks in advance

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• Grub can't find device on boot resulting in Grub Rescue

  - by user1160163

  So I have 2 hard drives a HDD 320GB and a SSD 20GB. Before I had Windows 7 on the HDD and Ubuntu on the SSD but wanted to get rid of windows and reinstall a clean Ubuntu on the SSD then use the HDD for storage. So I deleted everything from the HDD and set up the SSD with 18GB ext4 and 2GB Swap and installed Ubuntu on the 18GB ext4. Though now when I boot up I get "Error: No such device Grub Rescue" I have a live USB and I ran the Boot Repair following these instructions - grub rescue after install of Ubuntu 12.04 (dual boot) - it says successful though still have the same problem. This is the given URL from Boot Repair - http://paste.ubuntu.com/1257988/ Thanks for any help given.

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• Cannot boot after installing ubuntu on lenovo x120e

  - by tutysara

  I have installed ubuntu 11.10 on my x120e using amd64 alternate iso image. The installation went fine, but it is having issues while booting after a successful installation, it says - "No Operating System Found". I followed the instruction at - help.ubuntu.com/community/X120e#Installation to purge grub-efi and installed grub-pc, even then I couldn't boot into ubuntu.(got the same "No Operating System Found") This is the file from boot-repair with this setup - http://pastebin.ubuntu.com/926556/ Then I asked in #ubuntu and they suggested me to create a bios-boot partition, I was not very comfortable with the solution they had suggested but gave it a try anyhow. I re-sized my initial partition and made 4 MB free space in the beginning of the partition and had set the flag bios_grub. Re-installed ubuntu 11.10 this time using amd64 desktop iso image file. Installation went fine as before but finally this time also the system didn't boot, it gave the same - "No Operating System Found" message. In BIOS I have the settings as to use both (Legacy and UEFI) and with UEFI tried first. This is the boot-repair file from my latest setup - http://pastebin.ubuntu.com/926761 Any help/suggestions are appreciated.

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• Deleted info in Boot folder

  - by user207984

  First off, I'm using Zorin 7 OS. So my Boot folder was too full to install any new updates, I used a tutorial I found somewhere on here to remove the unneeded linux-image files, and must of also deleted the latest one as well. Now when I attempt to boot I get error: no such partition. grub rescue> I used my MultiSystem USB to install (on a separate partition) a different Linux OS (Kali) and no longer get that error, however, it will ONLY give me the option to boot Kali Linux. Here's the biggest new problem though, I used the built in option of hard drive encryption for Zorin 7 when I initially installed it, so now when I attempt to explore it (to get all my saved data which is REALLY important to me), it asks me for password for encryption. However, the password says it in not recognized, and I know it's right, I had to type it in every single day. So I either need a way to restore my Zorin 7 boot files or GRUB or whatever, so I can boot it up... or I need to know how to fix my encryption problem to save all my info.

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• Dual Boot Windows 8 and Ubuntu

  - by Nick

  My laptop has two hard drives, one 320GB HDD and a 30GB SSD. I installed Windows 8 on the HDD and Ubuntu on the SSD. However, after I installed Ubuntu, Windows 8 did not appear on the boot list. I tried boot-repair, but this didn't help.Here is the output of my fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x6cd9314a Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 625139711 312568832 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT Disk /dev/sdb: 30.0 GB, 30016659456 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3649 cylinders, total 58626288 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x6cd93132 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 2048 207126 102539+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 208894 58626047 29208577 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 208896 4112383 1951744 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb6 4114432 58626047 27255808 83 Linux Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 3965 MB, 3965190144 bytes 49 heads, 48 sectors/track, 3292 cylinders, total 7744512 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0009c694 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/mmcblk0p1 * 8192 7744511 3868160 b W95 FAT32 I also tried sudo grub-update, but that also did nothing.

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• secure boot windows 8 issues it hates ubuntu :(

  - by Steven Brown

  im running into issues with windows 8. ok so i disabled secure boot from my laptop. i tell it to launch from my USB with ubuntu installed on it and it wont boot. just simply light my screen and darken it. iv google the fire out of this and no use so im asking for help. im useing ubuntu 13.04. more details: well i have tryed to boot another OS (zorin) and it hates it too. i dont know why my secure boot wont shut off. if it helps i have a HP 2000.

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• unable to boot from live USB!

  - by ramblinman

  Linux noob here. I was messing around with my new dual-boot (win7 and the latest ubuntu, 12.04 I think?) Long story short, I deleted some partitions that I shouldn't have. When I boot up the machine, I get: error: no such partition. grub rescue _ I know that I could probably fix this by booting from the live USB. But I can't boot from the live USB either! On startup, I can get "boot from drive" options by pressing F12. (This is how I installed Ubuntu in the first place.) But when I select the USB drive, I get this error: error: no such device: [long string of letters and numbers]. grub rescue _ I've searched around for a fix but most threads addressing the first problem suggest booting from live drive. And I can't do that! Any help much appreciated.

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• Two Home and Boot partitions after installing Ubuntu 14.04 and Downgrading to Ubuntu 12.04

  - by Jatttt

  I have Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and I am experiencing some problems. I didn't have Ubuntu 12.04 on a drive to install it but I did have Ubuntu 14.04. So I installed it and downloaded Ubuntu 12.04 using Ubuntu 14. Now, I have 2 home partitions and 2 boot partitions. One home and boot is mounted at /media and the other one is /home and /boot. I cannot get rid of /media/HOME and /media/BOOT even using Gparted. How do I get remove them?

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• No Windows Option on Boot

  - by Okoning

  I've installed Ubuntu alongside Windows but at first didn't have a boot option menu. So, I installed bootrepair and ran it. This succeeded in granting me a GRUB boot option menu, but Windows isn't on it. Here is the bootrepair report: http://paste.ubuntu.com/8098527 Can anyone tell me what might be wrong? EDIT: I ran sudo fdisk -l and this is the output: Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00023fe0 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 960096255 480047104 83 Linux /dev/sda2 960098302 976771071 8336385 5 Extended /dev/sda5 960098304 976771071 8336384 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 32.0 GB, 32015679488 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3892 cylinders, total 62530624 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 32 62530623 31265296 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)

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• Windows 7 and Ubuntu Boot issue

  - by user115137

  I had the idea to dual boot Win 7 and Ubuntu and what I did was the following: Made a clean install of win 7 using all of my hard drive, next I used the Ubuntu live cd and gparted to partition my drive to be the following: /dev/sda1 ext4 20GB (Linux root) /dev/sda2 ntfs 100GB(Win7) /dev/sda3 ext4 350GB(Home) /dev/sda4 extended 4GB(swap) The thing is, when installing ubuntu I deleted the partition win 7 creates for its boot sector and recovery and then resized the drive to look like what I mentioned, and Ubuntu installed GRUB to the MBR. When GRUB boots I can see Ubuntu but not Windows, how can I chainload it? Or should I fix the windows mbr with the windows 7 installation disk and try to set the dual boot from there? I don't really care which one of the 2 bootloaders I end up using, I just want the dual boot to work out. Thanks

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• Can't boot into 12.04, grub menu won't show

  - by Marcus

  I downloaded the Ubuntu 12.04 64bit and installed it on a 115GB partition next to a 15GB swap alongside Windows 7. I'm using a asus g73s. I have 2 drives: one with only Windows (500GB) and another with a partition for (250GB) Windows and (115GBb) the Ubuntu and (15GB) swap partitions. But after the installation, I can't find out how to run Ubuntu. It just run windows. I read that it should show a grub menu. I tried: Holding both Shift keys at boot up. Running the Ubuntu Live CD and edit the grub file. Also pressing the Esc and some function button during boot. Nothing seems to work. I solved my problem. I pressed Esc during boot and a boot menu opened and there i choosed option: P2 and than the grub menu showed.

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• Why does Ubuntu 12.04 dual boot fail?

  - by Tranas

  Fresh install of XP followed by a fresh install of Ubuntu 12.04 results in the following error: error: unknown filesystem. grub rescue and the machine will not boot. Prior to the 12.04 install, XP worked fine. During the 12.04 install, all partitions and free space was visible, and the install seemed to complete without issues until the error message. Although I can fix the MBR via recovery console in XP and allow the machine to boot to windows, why is GRUB/Ubuntu trashing the boot sequence?

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• ORDER BY 1,2,3

  - by Tomaz.tsql

  Only for lazy people -> how to order our output by defining numbers instead of column names: select * from ( select 1 as id, 'test' as text_name, 32 as seq union all select 3 as id, 'best' as text_name, 61 as seq union all select 4 as id, 'best' as text_name, 12 as seq union all select 4 as id, 'best' as text_name, 6 as seq union all select 2 as id, 'hest' as text_name, 21 as seq ) as x order by 2,3 --order by 1,2,3 you can specify the select list or you...(read more)

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• "No bootable device - insert boot disk" after restart on Ubuntu 10.04 b1 update

  - by anjanesh

  I was making an update on my Ubuntu 10.04 beta1 64-bit PC when, after reboot I get PXE-E61: Mediaa test failure, check cable PXE-M0F: Exiting Intel Boot Agent. No bootable device - insert boot disk and press any key How did my boot record disappear ? BIOS Boot Boot Menu Type : Normal Boot Device Priority : <CD/DVD-ROM Drive> <Hard Disk Drive> <Floppy Drive> <Ethernet> Hard Driver Order : No Hard Disk Drive CD/DVD ROM Drive Order : <PT-TSSTcorp CDDV> Removable Drive Order : No Removable Drive Boot to Optical Devices : <Enable> Boot to Removable Devices : <Enable> Boot to Network : <Enable> USB Boot : <Enable>

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• Dual booting 12.10 and Win 7 - boots directly to Win 7

  - by user110174

  and thank you kindly for you help! I'll preface this with saying that I realize this is a common problem, with lots of trouble-shooting guides available online; however, after multiple attempts with different guides, I've made zero progress and am hoping to someone could help me with my specific scenario. First, my story: -Initially, I installed Ubuntu 12.10 with the "Something Else" option with no problems. Used 4 GB Swap Logical Partition, 26 GB Primary Root Partition. Wanting to trying out Mint 13, I booted into Windows from GRUB2, used the latest version of EasyBCD (v2.2) to restore the Windows 7 bootloader to the MBR, deleted the Ubuntu partitions, reformatted them in NTFS. I then created a 30 GB partition of free space for Mint. I installed Mint using the same partitioning described above for Ubuntu 12.10, using /dev/sda for the boot installation files, and everything seemed to go well, until I re-booted my computer and it went straight to Windows - I could find no way to get into Mint. So I went into windows, restored windows bootloader to the MBR w/ EasyBCD, deleted partitions, etc., as I figured I'd done enough messing around and would go with Ubuntu 12.10. Now the problem: I restarted my computer booting from the same Ubuntu USB key I originally used. Briefly, "error: "prefix" is not set" flashed on screen, and instead of being greeted with the GUI menu of "try vs. install Ubuntu", there was a menu with minimal graphics (like a BIOS menu) where I could select install, run from USB, etc. After selecting "Install Ubuntu", the familiar install wizard with a GUI came up, I partitioned my drive as described, /dev/sda for the boot installation files, install went well, rebooted and...straight to Windows. This is where I'm at. Fixes I've tried: -This guide: How can I repair grub? (How to get Ubuntu back after installing Windows?) to ensure Grub is on the MBR. I followed all steps, but still when I reboot, I go directly into Windows. -Installing 12.04 instead of 12.10 - same issue -Re-installed Ubuntu, writing the boot files to their own partition, then using EasyBCD to to add a boot option for Ubuntu using the Windows bootloader, ensuring I instruct EasyBCD to look at the partition I created with the Ubuntu installer (instructions here http://neosmart.net/wiki/display/EBCD/Ubuntu). When I reboot, I select the Ubuntu option, and it puts me in GRUB4DOS, with a cursor waiting for input. I have no idea what to put here, so I would just type "reboot" to exit out. And this is where I am now. Any clue as to why I can't boot into Ubuntu? My computer specs are: ASUS UX31A Core i7, Win 7 64 Pro, 256 GB SSD, Intel HM76 Chipset and Integrated Intel HD 4000 Graphics, 4 GB memory I've tried to be as clear as possible, but I'd be happy to provide any info that would help anyone along. Thanks for your patience in reading this! Sincerely, -MN

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• "No bootable device - insert boot disk" after restart on Ubuntu 10.04 b1 update

  - by anjanesh

  I was making an update on my Ubuntu 10.04 beta1 64-bit PC when, after reboot I get PXE-E61: Mediaa test failure, check cable PXE-M0F: Exiting Intel Boot Agent. No bootable device - insert boot disk and press any key How did my boot record disappear ? BIOS Boot Boot Menu Type : Normal Boot Device Priority : <CD/DVD-ROM Drive> <Hard Disk Drive> <Floppy Drive> <Ethernet> Hard Driver Order : No Hard Disk Drive CD/DVD ROM Drive Order : <PT-TSSTcorp CDDV> Removable Drive Order : No Removable Drive Boot to Optical Devices : <Enable> Boot to Removable Devices : <Enable> Boot to Network : <Enable> USB Boot : <Enable>

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• Can I safely delete the Ubuntu 12.04 partition and use the unallocated space for my Elementary OS?

  - by d4ryl3

  I have this setup: I've decided to switch to Elementary OS Luna (fork of Ubuntu 12.04) as my main Linux distro. Now I need to delete my Ubuntu partition so I could add capacity to my eOS which only has 10Gb. Currently my eOS is in /dev/sda9, and Ubuntu in /dev/sda8/. I forgot where my bootloader is installed, so I ran bootinfoscript, which returned this: `============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== = Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks in partition 94 for . sda1: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /bootmgr /Boot/BCD sda2: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows 7 Boot files: /bootmgr /Boot/BCD /Windows/System32/winload.exe sda3: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /bootmgr /boot/bcd sda4: __________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sda5: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: According to the info in the boot sector, sda5 starts at sector 2048. Operating System: Boot files: sda6: __________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sda7: __________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: Grub2 (v1.99) Boot sector info: Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the boot sector of sda7 and looks at sector 851823520 of the same hard drive for core.img, but core.img can not be found at this location. Operating System: Boot files: /grub/grub.cfg /extlinux/extlinux.conf sda8: __________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: Grub2 (v1.99) Boot sector info: Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the boot sector of sda8 and looks at sector 860224256 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos9)/boot/grub on this drive. Operating System: Ubuntu 13.04 Boot files: /etc/fstab sda9: __________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: elementary OS Luna Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/core.img` I need advice as to how to proceed. I mean, could I simply delete /dev/sda7/ and /dev/sda8/? Please help, thank you.

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• Grub doesn't show both Ubuntu installations

  - by jackweirdy

  I have a laptop with Ubuntu 12.04 LTS installed as the main OS. The other day I installed Ubuntu-Studio (version 12.04) into another partition on the machine. The installation went great and when the machine booted, the grub menu popped up and I could see the option for Ubuntu Studio and the vanilla Ubuntu OS'. The problem was that this version of grub, installed by the Studio installer, didn't look great and insisted on putting Studio at the top of the list, and therefore as the main OS to boot. I use the standard Ubuntu more often, so I booted into that and ran sudo grub-install dev/sda. That worked OK and now Ubuntu boots as normal. Only problem is that the Grub menu doesn't show up and doesn't give me a chance to choose the other OS. Running sudo os-prober shows that it can find ubuntu studio, it doesn't give me a chance to boot it. Any ideas as to how I can fix this problem? Cheers in advance. EDIT: followed instructions here and saw the boot menu, but the only boot options present were for the standard installation of Ubuntu.

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• ORDER BY giving wrong order

  - by Cody Dull

  I have an SQL statement in my C# program that looks like: SELECT * FROM XXX.dbo.XXX WHERE Source = 'OH' AND partnum = '1231202085' ORDER BY partnum, Packaging, Quantity When running this query in SQL Server Management, the results are ordered as expected. My first 3 results have the same partnum and Packaging with Quantities of 32.0, 50.8, and 51.0. However, when I run the query from my program, the result set with quantity 50.8 is the first to be returned. The datatype of Quantity is decimal(18,9). I've tried cast, it doesn't appear to be a datatype problem. I cant figure out why its getting the middle quantity.

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• How can I automatically boot to my new Windows 7 installation?

  - by Walkerneo

  When I bought a new computer, I reinstalled windows on the larger hard drive it came with, but kept the old hard drive as well. I'm keeping the old Windows installation on the hard drive in case I need saved passwords or other data only accessible after signing in. On the boot screen, it gives me the option to boot into the installation I'm currently using, or the "recovered" installation. Attempting to boot into the second one fails anyway. Is there a way I can automatically boot into this installation while still maintaining the possibility of booting into the old installation?

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• Access Windows Boot Manager selector when timeout is set to 0?

  - by Kyle Cronin

  I've installed Wubi onto a Windows Vista computer. I've also set the boot timeout to 0: bcdedit /timeout 0 However, now I can't figure out how to get the menu to come up at all! I read on the internets that I had to hold F8 or space when starting up, but they doesn't seem to do anything. Is there a different key or setting I've overlooked? The computer itself is a Dell that's a few months old. The keyboard is USB, but I don't think that's the problem as I can get into the BIOS just fine. Maybe I'm doing it wrong? Am I supposed to hold the keys or rapidly tap them (I've tried both)? If it helps, here's the output from bcdedit: C:\Windows\system32>bcdedit Windows Boot Manager -------------------- identifier {bootmgr} device partition=C: description Windows Boot Manager locale en-US inherit {globalsettings} default {current} resumeobject {5460d9d2-d391-11dc-9d9f-aba67a8797c5} displayorder {current} {e2484fe7-5e97-11de-84d4-0024e8074422} toolsdisplayorder {memdiag} timeout 0 resume No Windows Boot Loader ------------------- identifier {current} device partition=C: path \Windows\system32\winload.exe description Windows Vista locale en-US inherit {bootloadersettings} recoverysequence {572bcd55-ffa7-11d9-aae0-0007e994107d} recoveryenabled Yes osdevice partition=C: systemroot \Windows resumeobject {5460d9d2-d391-11dc-9d9f-aba67a8797c5} nx OptIn Real-mode Boot Sector --------------------- identifier {e2484fe7-5e97-11de-84d4-0024e8074422} device partition=C: path \ubuntu\winboot\wubildr.mbr description Ubuntu

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• Boot Camp: is it possible to restart directly to Windows from Mac OS X?

  - by Jonik

  With the Boot Camp tools installed on Windows, there's an option for rebooting directly to Mac OS ("Restart in Mac OS X" from Boot Camp system tray item). But is this possible in the opposite direction? In other words, instead of the procedure 1) "Restart", 2) wait for OS X to shut down, 3) hold Option key (?), and 4) select the Windows partition, can I tell my Mac to restart so that Windows is selected on the next boot? Something like "Restart in Windows" which would let me bypass steps 2-4. NB: I want to keep Mac OS X as the default OS; I'm just looking for a convenient shortcut when normally running OS X and occasionally wanting to boot to Windows.

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• Full disk encryption with seperate boot and encrypted keyfile storage: Two-Form Authentication

  - by Cain

  I am trying to setup true Full Disk encryption with two-form authentication on 12.04 and can not find out how to call a keyfile for the encrypted root out of another encrypted partition. All documentation or questions I am finding for whole or full disk encryption only encrypts separate partitions on the same disk. This is not what most are calling full disk encryption, /boot is not on a partition on the root drive, rather it is on a usb stick as sdx1. Instead root is on a logical partition on top of a LUKS container. Luks is run on the whole disk, encrypting the partition table as well. All drives in the machine are completely encrypted and to open it it requires a USB drive (what I have) as well as a passphrase (what I know) resulting in Two-Form Authentication to boot the machine. Device sdx cryptroot vg00 lvroot / There is no passphrase to open the encrypted root device, only a keyfile. That keyfile is kept on the usb drive with /boot, in its own encrypted partition (I'll call this cryptkey). In order for the root file system (cryptroot) to be opened, initramfs must ask for the passphrase to cryptkey on the usb drive, then use the keyfile inside that to open cryproot. I did manage to find what I think is the how-to I used to do this once before: http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/UbuntuHelp:FeistyLUKSTwoFormFactor I already have the system installed and can chroot into it, however, I can not get it to call for the keys on the USB during boot. I did find a how-to saying I needed to make a cryptroot conf for initramfs but, I believe that is for a passphrase: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/EncryptedFilesystemLVMHowto#Notes_for_making_it_work_in_Ubuntu_12.04_.22Precise_Pangolin.22_amd64 I also tried to setup crypttab. However, crypttab only works for drives mounted after the root drive as calling for a keyfile on a device not yet mounted to the system doesnt work. The Feisty how-to included scripts that would be run during boot instructing initramfs to mount the usb drive temporarily and call the keyfile for root which worked quite well except those scripts are outdated now, many of the things they relied on have been merged into something else, changed, or simply don't exist anymore. If I have missed a clear how-to for this, that would be wonderful, I just don't think I have.

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