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• GUI keyword confusion

  - by richzilla

  Ive been using linux for some time, and ive never quite got my head around the various keywords attached to the GUI. I think i understand the difference between the likes of KDE and Gnome - They are collections of applications and other software that make up a given gui environment. However a quick read through any vaguely technical linux websites will reveal terms like: Murrine Clearlooks GTK Beryl Metacity Window manager Which if im honest, i have no real idea what they mean and how they all relate to each other. Can anybody clarify?

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• Mock Objects for Testing - Test Automation Engineer Perspective

  - by user9009

  Hello How often QA engineers are responsible for developing Mock Objects for Unit Testing. So dealing with Mock Objects is just developer job ?. The reason i ask is i'm interested in QA as my career and am learning tools like JUnit , TestNG and couple of frameworks. I just want to know until what level of unit testing is done by developer and from what point QA engineer takes over testing for better test coverage ? Thanks Edit : Based on the answers below am providing more details about what QA i was referring to . I'm interested in more of Test Automation rather than simple QA involved in record and play of script. So Test Automation engineers are responsible for developing frameworks ? or do they have a team of developers dedicated in Framework development ? Yes i was asking about usage of Mock Objects for testing from Test Automation engineer perspective.

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• How do I customize Alt+Tab behaviour?

  - by David Oneill

  GOAL: I would like to make the little menu that pops up when I press Alt+Tab to gain the ability to jump to a particular window by pointing my mouse at one of the icons. This is the behaviour that my Mac OSX laptop has. The Situation I use Xfce, with the default windows manager (XFwm). I currently have Ubuntu 10.04 and 11.10, although I plan on updating both to XUbuntu 12.04 once the dust settles (probably mid-may?). (Clarification, for my current setup, I installed Ubuntu, then added xfce manually after the fact). So, a series of related questions. How do I set this up? (If this is not possible, please answer the following questions to help me learn) Is the Alt+Tab a function of the desktop environment, or the windows manager, or some other piece? (IE if I switch to using some other tool, could I potentially get this) Are there any customizations that are available either from settings or add-on applications that would allow me to change the behaviour of that menu?

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• TDD: Write a separate test for object initialization or relying on other tests exercising it

  - by DXM

  This seems to be the common pattern that's emerging in some of the tests I've worked on lately. We have a class, and quite often this is legacy code whose design can't be easily altered, which has a bunch of member variables. There's some kind of "Initialize" or "Load" function which would put an object into a valid state. Only after it is initialized/loaded, are the members in the proper state so that other methods can be exercised. So when we start writing tests, first test is "TestLoad" and all we put in there is exercising initialization logic. Then we might add one (or few) TestLoadFailureXXX tests and those are definitely valuable. Then we start writing tests to verify other behaviors but all of them require the object to be loaded. So they all start by running exactly the same code as "TestLoad". So my question: Is TestLoad even necessary? Do you take it and let other tests simply exercise the loading? Or leave it so things are more explicit? I know that each unit test function should have no (or as little as possible) overlap with other test functions, but it seems like in cases of loading, this is unavoidable. And whether we like it or not, if something in the loading code breaks, we will end up with a whole test suite of failures. Is there another approach that I might be missing here? Thank you for the responses. It definitely makes sense that you want to see "InitializationTest" and if that fails you know where to start looking. In case it matters, this question is mostly about C++ and we use CppUnit framework. And now, thanks to sleske, I'll be constantly wishing that CppUnit supported test dependencies. Might have to hack something in one of these days :)

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• Unwanted Chinese language got set in system settings

  - by Registered User

  I was discussing on the Ubuntu users list how to type in in Hindi (Indic language) in Libre Office and about a package installation problem. I have made some changes in system settings, following suggestions by some users. However, this morning when I did a reboot I am unable to see English as my default language. My system is showing some Chinese characters which I do not understand. All I wanted was to use Libre Office for a particular document in Hindi. What happened is that even Gmail is opening in Chinese. The system settings folder and others are also opening in Chinese. I am unable to use the system now. I have uploaded the snapshots here: please have a look. Upon a reboot, I was asked to rename all folders. Gmail opening in Chinese This is how menu on my system looks: half English and half Chinese Notice that in the third snapshot the calendar and menu are appearing in Chinese. I want the original US English menus and folder names back. I just wanted to type a document with Lohit Hindi font in Libre Office. I use Ubuntu 11.10. I do not use Unity, only Gnome desktop. I installed gnome-session-fallback a long time back and have been using that ever since. How do I get back to all English submenus and English folder names? I have a US English Keyboard and I use only US English. This thing which is now somehow set is unwanted.

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• Lubuntu 12.04 is a non-LTS release - does this mean that LXDE isn't, either?

  - by MHC

  Lubuntu 12.04 is not a long-term-support release. That's mostly due to a lack of manpower. But I don't use Lubuntu on my machine, I use LXDE over stock Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. So my question is: In the next five years, will there be security updates and bug fixes for LXDE-packages such as Openbox, PCmanFM and LXsession? Or does the "LTS" in 12.04 LTS only include stock Unity packages? I guess this question is just as relevant for any other DE out there.

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• Why does 12.04 freeze when using multiple desktops?

  - by Dustin

  I am using 12.04 32-bit, upgraded from 11.10. Within the last week and a half Unity has hung on me with no option but a hard reboot, which I hate. It usually happens when I am using multiple desktops and applications and switching desktops. The screen just hangs, sometimes broken between desktops and applications, I can move my mouse but cannot click on anything. alt+f2 , HUD , super+w/s/d and alt+tab/~ does nothing, they do not activate. I let it rest for 15-20 minutes in hopes it will sort itself out but nothing. I'd hate to move to Unity 2D, but I can't risk having to do hard reboots/shutdowns, or moving to a different DE. Other information: the only PPA's I have added recently would be the word lens. 2.8GB RAM processor : 0 vendor_id : AuthenticAMD cpu family : 15 model : 127 model name : AMD Sempron(tm) Processor LE-1250 stepping : 2 microcode : 0x83 cpu MHz : 1000.000

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• e17 enlightenment on precise

  - by schonjones

  I have been trying to add enlightenment off and on for over a week now with no luck. I've added the ppa i find everywhere, yet no luck. every time I try to add i get this: e17: Depends: libecore-evas-svn-03 but it is not going to be installed Depends: libecore-imf-svn-03 but it is not going to be installed Depends: libecore-input-svn-03 but it is not going to be installed Depends: libecore-x-svn-03 but it is not going to be installed Depends: libedbus-svn-03 but it is not going to be installed Depends: libedje-svn-03 but it is not going to be installed Depends: libeet1 but it is not going to be installed Depends: libembryo0 but it is not going to be installed Depends: libevas-svn-03 but it is not going to be installed Depends: libevas-svn-03-engine-software-x11 Depends: libedje-bin but it is not going to be installed what in the world am i doing wrong or why can't i find these files to get it to work?

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• How to log out with a command in a gnome-less environment?

  - by octosquidopus

  I installed various window managers (Awesome, dwm, etc.) from which I am not able to log out back to the login screen (gnome-session) in order to switch to another window manager. I need to reboot to do that, which is a waste of time. Question How can you log out via the terminal? didn't work.. dbus-send --session --type=method_call --print-reply --dest=org.gnome.SessionManager /org/gnome/SessionManager org.gnome.SessionManager.Logout uint32:1 ..neither did this: gnome-session-save --force-logout ..nor that: gnome-session-quit --force-logout they all returned: Failed to call logout: The name org.gnome.SessionManager was not provided by any .service files Is there a quick way to log out back into Gnome's session manager from a non-Gnome desktop manager using a terminal emulator? I know that CTRL+ALT+BACKSPACE can be configured to restart X, but I'm looking for the easiest way to log out.

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• Test-Driven Development with plain C: manage multiple modules

  - by Angelo

  I am new to test-driven development, but I'm loving it. There is, however, a main problem that prevents me from using it effectively. I work for embedded medical applications, plain C, with safety issues. Suppose you have module A that has a function A_function() that I want to test. This function call a function B_function, implemented in module B. I want to decouple the module so, as James Grenning teaches, I create a Mock module B that implements a mock version of B_function. However the day comes when I have to implement module B with the real version of B_function. Of course the two B_function can not live in the same executable, so I don't know how to have a unique "launcher" to test both modules. James Grenning way out is to replace, in module A, the call to B_function with a function pointer that can have the value of the mock or the real function according to the need. However I work in a team, and I can not justify this decision that would make no sense if it were not for the test, and no one asked me explicitly to use test-driven approach. Maybe the only way out is to generate different a executable for each module. Any smarter solution? Thank you

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• Kubuntu 12.04: Change login screen background?

  - by drezabek

  I am having trouble changing my login screen background. I can select the default wall paper, the Kde-default one, but when ever I select my own custom wallpaper, there is no image, just a solid color. Normally, I would just ignore it, but the thing that bugs me is that this is a fresh install of Kubuntu 12.04 64bit, and the OS before this one, the one I overwrote, I had no trouble using the exact same image as the background... Settings In the System Settings application, Login Screen settings, Background tab, enable background, Under "Background", selected Picture, under options, selected Position: Scaled. Colors: Single Color. Blending: No Blending.

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• ORACLE UK TECHNOLOGY “TEST FEST”

  - by mseika

  ORACLE UK TECHNOLOGY “TEST FEST” Join us at the UKOUG Conference at the ICC in Birmingham and Take your OPN Implementation Specialist Exam for Free! 3-5 December 2012, ICC Birmingham (UK) Dear Oracle Partner,** As a priority partner, we are sending you advance notice of these exclusive “Technology Test Fest” free examination sessions. Please note that this communication will be sent out to the wider community one week from today, so please register immediately to secure your place! ** We are delighted to offer you the exclusive opportunity to register and attend the Oracle UK “Technology Test Fest” being held as Part of the UKOUG Conference at the ICC in Birmingham in the Drawing Room at the Hyatt Regency hotel adjacent to the ICC venue, from 3rd to 5th December 2012.This is your opportunity to sit your chosen Oracle Technology Specialist Implementation Exam free of charge on this day. Four sessions are being run (10.00AM and 14.00PM), with just 15 places at each session – so register now to avoid disappointment! (Exams take about 1.5 hours to complete.) REGISTER - 3 December Afternoon Session - 2:00pm REGISTER - 4 December Morning Session 10:00am REGISTER - 4 December Afternoon Session - 2:00pm REGISTER - 5 December Morning Session - 10:00am Price: FREE Address:The Drawing Room Hyatt Regency Hotel Birmingham 2 Bridge Street Birmingham BI 2JZ 3 - 5 December 2012 Which Implementation Specialist Exams are available to take?Click here to see the list of exams available for you to sit for free at the Oracle UKOUG “Technology Test Fest”. The links also include the study guide for the particular exam. Please review the Specialization Guide as well. How do I register for the Oracle UK “Technology Test Fest”? Fill out the Pearson Vue profile HERE and complete it with your OPN Company ID. NB: Instructions on how to create/update the profile can be found HERE. Register for one of the 4 sessions using the registration links at the top of this page You will need to bring your own laptop with 'Windows OS' and a form of identification to be able to take any of the exams. Need Help or Advice?For more information about the tests and Get Specialized programme, please contact: [email protected] issues with your profile or any other OPN-related problems, please contact our Oracle Partner Business Centre: [email protected] or call 08705 194 194. We look forward to welcoming you to the Oracle UK “Technology Test Fest” on the 3rd- 5thDecember 2012! Book early to avoid disappointment.

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• Lost desktop settings in KDE

  - by Luke

  After next unsuccessful attempt to install ATI fglrx drivers, when I also changed GRUB config a bit (GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="radeon.modeset=0 and GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="nomodeset"). When I restored everything to default (uninstalled fglrx, restored default values in GRUB config and xorg.conf) KDE logged me into completely new desktop, with (I suppose) default configuration. Is there a way to restore my previous desktop settings? What could be the cause? SOLVED: Something was messed out with display settings. Search for 'Display Configuration' and there deselect one display. Or is there a better option?

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• Test Driven Development Code Order

  - by Bobby Kostadinov

  I am developing my first project using test driven development. I am using Zend Framework and PHPUnit. Currently my project is at 100% code coverage but I am not sure I understand in what order I am supposed to write my code. Am I supposed to write my test FIRST with what my objects are expected to do or write my objects and then test them? Ive been working on completing a controller/model and then writing at test for it but I am not sure this is what TDD is about? Any advice? For example, I wrote my Auth plugin and my Auth controller and tested that they work properly in my browser, and then I sat down to write the tests for them, which proved that there were some logical errors in the code that did work in the browser.

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• Pantheon Not Completely Installed?

  - by Simon

  I have just installed the pantheon shell today, and I have not found any help with this yet. I am not just a random noob, i use a bunch of other shells and i also have a few development applications on my copy of ubuntu. But ever since ive opened up pantheon, i cannot find settings or this thing called the launchpad. (if the launchpad is the app drawer up in the upper left corner, or if its the dock. i have it, if thats not what launchpad is, then i cant access it.) I can only change my wallpaper by going back to unity, gnome, or KDE. There is a system settings in the power menu (upper right), but it only has Language Support, Ubuntu One, Additional Drivers, And Printing. I can still access the full ubuntu settings in GNOME of Unity. But thats it. I installed in the terminal, uninstalled, and reinstalled using the software center. Please Help Me If Any Of You Can! Thanks!!!

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• How to see the full file name on the Lubuntu Desktop?

  - by vasa1

  If I have a file with several characters in it, only a certain number of initial characters is displayed on the Lubuntu desktop and Xfce desktops. For example, I have a file titled, "interesting-links-on-default-browsers". It shows as "interesting-links-on-def..." with both DEs. However, single-clicking on the file in Xfce shows the full title but the truncated title remains in Lubuntu. It's not a big deal, but if it's just a matter of setting something somewhere to get the full title visible on single-click, I'd be grateful for pointers.

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• How to completely uninstall LXDE (12.04)?

  - by Jeremy Lunsford

  I'm trying to remove LXDE from my 12.04 system. I've tried running the following commands (as root from a terminal): apt-get remove lxde apt-get purge lxde apt-get autoremove I've also tried a rather lengthy command that was linked to from another question. However, when I log in, LXDE is still presented as an environment choice, and it still functions perfectly well, as if I've done nothing. I ran the above commands again, but got the following message: package . . . is not installed, so not removed. So, where do I go from here, short of re-installing Ubuntu and all my programs?

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• If you should only have one assertion per test; how to test multiple inputs?

  - by speg

  I'm trying to build up some test cases, and have read that you should try and limit the number of assertions per test case. So my question is, what is the best way to go about testing a function w/ multiple inputs. For example, I have a function that parses a string from the user and returns the number of minutes. The string can be in the form "5w6h2d1m", where w, h, d, m correspond to the number of weeks, hours, days, and minutes. If I wanted to follow the '1 assertion per test rule' I'd have to make multiple tests for each variation of input? That seems silly so instead I just have something like: self.assertEqual(parse_date('5m'), 5) self.assertEqual(parse_date('5h'), 300) self.assertEqual(parse_date('5d') ,7200) self.assertEqual(parse_date('1d4h20m'), 1700) In the one test case. Is there a better way?

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• The Properties dialog box not working for any Start Menu Program Lubuntu 14.04

  - by user236378

  When Lubuntu 14.04 first came out, the Properties dialog was present for all Start Menu Programs but did not work when right-clicked on as nothing happened and no other box popped up the the Start Menu Program information, such as the executable info, etc. Then the issue was fixed. Now the issue has returned when I upgraded to Lubuntu 14.04.1. Is there any way to retrieve the Properties info pop-up box via a configuration file? Does the issue have to do with a faulty LXShortcut? I noticed when I uninstalled the LXShortcut the Properties tab disappeared. When I re-installed the Properties tab returned however once again when you right-click on the Properties tab nothing happens. Any assistance would be greatly appreciated. Thank you.

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• Unittest test case only touches the file name

  - by Chen OT

  I was told that unittest is fast and the tests which touches DB, across network, and touches FileSystem are not unittest. In one of my testcases, its input are the file names (amount about 300~400) under a specific folder. Although these input are part of file system, the execution time of this test is very fast. Should I moved this test, which is fast but touches file system, to higher level test?

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• How do I prevent Ubuntu gradually slowing down to a stop?

  - by user29165

  I really do not know what is causing the problem of my desktop environment (D.E.) gradually slowing down. It seems to happen in Gnome 3.2, LXDE, XFCE, and KDE. I am running Ubuntu 11.10 and this problem started happening from a fresh install. I have noticed that if I restart Gnome or otherwise re-log-in with any of the D.E.s the speed resets to normal. I don't seem to have and memory leaks that account for it and there are not any processes that are using excessive CPU cycles. Due to the symptoms I am guessing that there is an underlying package that interacts with all D.E.s that is the source of the problem. Just to clarify, in extreme situations, if I let the slowdown continue without a restart of the D.E. my system will finally get to a point where everything, even my clock, freezes. The time over which Gnome slows down (noticeably after 17 hrs) is much less than LXDE, or XFCE but eventually they freeze as well. I didn't mention Unity since I haven't used it enough to verify the problem, but I don't see why it should be different. Just in case this is relevant, I Suspend my computer rather than turn it off. I do this because of the greatly reduced load time and the 17 hrs I stated above is actual up-time, not time where the D.E. is actually active. However, the slow down does not seem to be affected by how long the computer has been in suspend mode. I know that it is possible that this problem is due to an interaction between two or more of the applications that I use and as such it may not be able to be duplicated by others. In the end I am just wondering (a) are other people experiencing this issue and (b) does anyone have some advice on where to start looking for a solution if one is not already known. I am even open to the idea of switching to the beta release of 12.04 if anyone thinks it will solve the problem. Edit: I took a video of my latest freeze that you can watch at http://youtu.be/flKUqUzCmdE, sorry about the audio. Edit: Since that video I checked my memory for errors and tried installing the proprietary video drivers. No memory errors were found and the proprietary video drivers made the display unusable so I had to uninstall them. Any thoughts?

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• Audio is working, but the speaker test doesn't work

  - by Pacquo

  I've installed Ubuntu 12.04 LTS from a minimal cd on a netbook (Asus 1001 PXD). I've installed the ubuntu-desktop package using the --no-install-recommends option. Everything works fine, except the "sound test" for headphones or analog speakers. Clicking on the "test" buttons (front left and front right) I don't hear any sound. Despite this, the audio is working properly. I've checked the audio levels with alsamixer; I have also checked that the test sounds actually exist in /usr/share/sounds/alsa. I tried an installation of Ubuntu 12.04 LTS made with the desktop-cd, and in this case the speaker test works properly. I suppose, therefore, that the problem could depend on the lack of a package, but I have not identified which one.

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• Overlapping text on top menu in Unity 12.04

  - by mercury

  So I'm new to Linux but am basically blown away by Ubuntu 12.04 and could definitely see this becoming my main desktop over time One small annoyance for me is a tendency for the global menu on the top bar to partially over-write the text description of the active window in the top panel. e.g. I focus on the "Ubuntu Software Centre" window which writes out that label in the leftmost corner of the top menu bar. If I then move the cursor up to the top menu bar to access the "file menu", this will partially overwrite the window name leaving just "Ubuntu" visible. This is a little slice of ugliness I don't want to see every day! Much easier on the eye for me would be to display the active window name at the centre of the top panel, using some of that free space and then have the global menu stay where it is, just to the right of the app launcher. I've found a solution to disable the global menu but I would prefer to keep it and instead move (or disable) the active window name in the top panel. Any way to do this?

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• PostgreSQL 9.1 Database Replication Between Two Production Environments with Load Balancer

  - by littleK

  I'm investigating different solutions for database replication between two PostgreSQL 9.1 databases. The setup will include two production servers on the cloud (Amazon EC2 X-Large Instances), with an elastic load balancer. What is the typical database implementation for for this type of setup? A master-master replication (with Bucardo or rubyrep)? Or perhaps use only one shared database between the two environments, with a shared disk failover? I've been getting some ideas from http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.0/static/different-replication-solutions.html. Since I don't have a lot of experience in database replication, I figured I would ask the experts. What would you recommend for the described setup?

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• Secure PHP environments with PHP-FPM and SFTP

  - by pdd

  I'd like to set up secure environments for a small number of untrusted PHP websites on a Debian server. Right now everything runs on the same Apache2 with mod_php5 and vsftpd for administrative file access, so there is room for improvement. The idea is to use nginx instead of apache, SFTP through OpenSSH instead of vsftpd and chrooted (in sshd_config), individual users for each website with their own pool of PHP processes. All these users and nginx are part of the same group. Now in theory I can set 700 permissions on all PHP scripts and 750 on static files that nginx has to serve up. Theoretically, if a website is compromised all the other users' data is safe, right? Are there better solutions that require less setup time and memory per website? Cheers

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