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• how to change VMWare 1.x guest boot order

  - by bo gusman

  I have 4 VMs on a linux host, call them A, B, C, D running on Z. I really don't care when A and B come up, but I would like to make sure that D comes up before C. I believe that in VMWare 2.x it's possible to change the boot order. Is this possible in 1.x as well? Is this done in /etc/vmware/vm-list? I see that there are a number of vms listed there, including some that have long since been deleted. Thanks! Bo

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• how to change VMWare 1.x guest boot order

  - by bo gusman

  I have 4 VMs on a linux host, call them A, B, C, D running on Z. I really don't care when A and B come up, but I would like to make sure that D comes up before C. I believe that in VMWare 2.x it's possible to change the boot order. Is this possible in 1.x as well? Is this done in /etc/vmware/vm-list? I see that there are a number of vms listed there, including some that have long since been deleted. Thanks! Bo

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• RHEL raw device (over VMware RDM) performance issues

  - by jifa

  I'm running RHEL 5.3 over vSphere 4.0U1. I configured multiple LUNs on my NetApp (Fibre) storage, and added the RDM on two (Linux) VMs, using the Paravirtual SCSI adapter. One LUN is 100GB in size, successfully mapped to /dev/sdb on both VMs, 5 more are 500MB in size (mapped to /dev/sd{c-g}. I also created one partition per device. I have encountered two issues: First, writing directly to /dev/sdb1 gives me ~50MB/s, while any of the /dev/sd{c-g}1 gives me ~9MB/s. There is no difference in configuration of the LUNs apart from their size. I am wondering what causes this but this is not my main problem, as I would settle for 9 MB/s. I created raw devices using udev pretty straightforwardly: ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N" per device Writing to any of the new raw devices dramatically slows down performance to just over 900KB/s. Can anyone point me in a helpful direction? Thanks in advance, -- jifa

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• Add custom Virtual Machine icons to VirtualBox

  - by Iszi

  I'd like to use custom icons to better distinguish machines running the same OS from each other, in VirtualBox. is this possible? If so, what file(s) do I need to add/edit? Examples: I've got two Windows 7 VMs. One I use as a sandbox for testing various things, and the other I use for when I need to connect to work (ideally, my personal system - the host machine - never directly connects). I'd like to have perhaps a beaker for the sandbox, and a suitcase for the work machine. I've got two Ubuntu VMs. One is BackTrack Linux, the other is a build I'm using to learn more about the OS. I wouldn't mind keeping the regular icon for the latter, but I'd like to use one of BackTrack's icons or images for the former. I'm running VirtualBox 4.1.6 on Windows 7 x64.

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• CLI-Based monitoring tool for KVM

  - by Pinnacle

  I am developing a scheduler for running VMs on KVM. The scheduling has over-commitment of resources like memory and CPU. For this, I need a CLI-based monitoring tool that keeps me giving information about the resource usage of each VM, because it might be the case that due to over-provisioning of resources, VMs on a particular host are running very slowly depending on the benchmarks/programs each VM is running, and then I need to migrate a VM to another host and so on. I looked into libvirt-based tools like collects, MUNIN, Nagios-vert, etc.( http://libvirt.org/apps.html#monitoring ) I also looked into Ubuntu utility perf-kvm ( http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/maverick/man1/perf-kvm.1.html ) I want to ask which CLI-based would be recommended by the community so that I can make a automated scheduler that takes care of the above situation.

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• What is the simplest way to confirm or to disprove that Virtual Box virtual machines support GRE protocol

  - by mbaitoff

  It is stated in VirtualBox manual (chapter 6) that VM network interfaces in "NAT" mode do not support GRE protocol. I'm currently trying to setup a pair of VMs as pptp server and client which would communicate via VM's network interfaces in "INTERNAL NETWORK" mode. I set up modern Linux OSes with pptp software on both machines and made some basic pptp configuration. However, I fail to connect the client to the server - server reports a failure when writing to GRE socket. I now need a quick proof of principal ability to use the GRE protocol between VirtualBox VMs over a network in "INTERNAL" mode, such as a several-line .c program that would try to open/send/receive/close a GRE protocol connection, or like a specific lightweight tool to diagnose the GRE availability. Any suggestions?

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• CentOS VM, NTP synchronization problems

  - by Spirit

  We have three CentOS 5.9 VMs on an ESX3.5 host. Because of the nature of the services we provide it is required that the NTP time is synchronized and the time is correct on all three of them. However one of them constantly drifts back each day for about 66 sec. So far none of us seems to understand as why is this happening. We included the possibility that the VM may be somehow pulling the time from the host, however all of the three VMs have identical configuration settings and they did not have VMware tools installed. Although I realize that this is probably a question of an internal matter and not to ask for on a forum, I would appreciate if anyone of you knows some CentOS NTP diagnostic routines that will help me to diagnose the problem and find a reliable solution. I thank you for the assistance.

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• Understanding ESXi and Memory Usage

  - by John

  Hi, I am currently testing VMWare ESXi on a test machine. My host machine has 4gigs of ram. I have three guests and each is assigned a memory limit of 1 GB (and only 512 MB reserved). The host summary screen shows a memory capacity of 4082.55 MB and a usage of 2828 MB with two guests running. This seems to make sense, two gigs for each VM plus an overhead for the host. 800MB seems high but that is still reasonable. But on the Resource Allocation Screen I see a memory capacity of 2356 MB and an available capacity of 596 MB. Under the configuration tab, memory link I see a physical total of 4082.5 MB, System of 531.5 MB and VM of 3551.0 MB. I have only allocated my VMs for a gig each, and with two VMs running they are taking up almost two times the amount of ram allocated. Why is this, and why does the Resource Allocation screen short change me so much?

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• why this routing configuration does not work?

  - by avs099

  I have 2 VMs in HyperV role: first is RRAS - it has 2 interfaces (both manually configured, no DHCP): 192.168.1.110 - "external" one, connected to the router 192.168.10.2 - that's internal interface which other VMs will be using as well also I added VPN connection to our main server - and it gets 192.168.2.136 IP address in 192.168.2.XXX network. And IP route is create on the server as well for this interface. second VM is called KITCHENER. It only has 1 interface 192.168.10.99 / 255.255.255.0, with default gateway set to RRAS server - 192.168.10.2 QUESTION: how can I ping "main server" - 192.168.2.1 - from the KITCHENER server when RRAS server is connected to VPN? please see screenshots with ipconfig /all, route print and ping 192.168.2.1 commands. What needs to be done to get this working? all servers are Windows 2008 R2 if that matters.

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• VMWare - Windows XP guest licensing

  - by jcooper

  Hi, If I have a VMWare ESXi server with 4 Windows XP guests running on it, I understand that I need a separate license for each guest. Is there a way to simplify license compliance on these VMs? For example, I want to create a master VM image and boot it 4 times. By default those 4 VMs will have the same Windows activation key installed. Is there a simple solution for this? Or is it ok to do what I've described above provided I have 4 unique license keys on hand in case of audit? thanks!

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• Accesing internet with Host-Only network VirtualBox

  - by Bibo

  I have two VMs in my VirtualBox. Both are FreeBSD and should communicate between each other. I have created network with DHCP enabled and set like this: Server Address 10.10.10.1 Server Mask 255.255.255.0 Lower Address Bound 10.10.10.100 Upper Address Bound 10.10.10.200 My VMs are pinging each other and getting right ip adress. This is what I must have and can´t change. Now I want to access internet from one VM and I found that I must use two network cards but I don´t know how to set the second one. I am new with VirtualBox and this stuff so if you count with this in you answer I would appreciate that. And I have Windows 8 as host system if it´s matter.

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• Configure iptables with a bridge and static IPs

  - by Andrew Koester

  I have my server set up with several public IP addresses, with a network configuration as follows (with example IPs): eth0 \- br0 - 1.1.1.2 |- [VM 1's eth0] | |- 1.1.1.3 | \- 1.1.1.4 \- [VM 2's eth0] \- 1.1.1.5 My question is, how do I set up iptables with different rules for the actual physical server as well as the VMs? I don't mind having the VMs doing their own iptables, but I'd like br0 to have a different set of rules. Right now I can only let everything through, which is not the desired behavior (as br0 is exposed). Thanks!

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• Move/migrate vbox virtual machine to another computer along with snapshots

  - by user53864

  I have sun virtualbox(2.2) installed on windows xp and I've some VMs(ubuntu server) running with many snapshots . How do I move virtualbox VDIs along with all the snapshots to new windows system?. I tried copying the base vdi and creating it newly on a new system and it worked fine but could not move the snapshots of the vms. I even tried copying Virtualbox.xml and machine's xml file to the new system and manually editing the snapshots location to the new place in the virtualbox.xml file, the snapshots are listed in the snapshots tab(but when I checked snapshots location in the vm's settings it's showing the default location having edited it) but when I try to use the snapshots, reverting to current, it's not booting(some snapshots giving grub 2 error, some got stalled at the boot). I also tried export and import but only current state I could export and use it on the new system with no snapshots. Is there any way I could achieve this?. Please need help...

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• How do you live-migrate Hyper-V to Azure?

  - by TopHat

  I have a new install of Windows Server 2012 with the Hyper-V role setup and a couple VMs running along fat, dumb, and happy. I want to play with Azure hosting for VMs for a couple of stand-alone boxes. Is there anything special that I need to wire up to be able to live-migrate to Azure? I have the 90-day Azure trial account right now. Any special plumbing required? I have not found a lot of documentation about this yet. Everything I found points to manually copying the VHDs via command line and the Azure 2012 SDK.

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• More than one XP Mode virtual machines okay under Win 7?

  - by kousen

  I really like the Windows XP Mode virtual machine that comes with Windows 7 (once you download the integration components). I teach technical training classes, and having a machine configured for the classroom is very helpful. My question is, can I configure more than one? The documentation suggests you can make multiple virtual machines, but I can't tell if I can have multiple "Windows XP Mode" VMs. It can't be as simple as configuring one, then just making a copy of the primary disk file, could it? I only plan to run one at a time, but I'd like to configure multiple different VMs for different classes, all running XP if possible. Thanks for any help!

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• Hyper V cluster - one VM won't migrate

  - by Chris W

  We have a Failover Cluster built up on 6 blades, each running Hyper V. Each box is running Server 2008 R2. We've got a number of VMs running that all have the same basic config: VHD stored on a cluster shared volume. 2 virtual NICs (1 for LAN connection and 1 for SAN connection). All of our VMs will happily migrate between any other blade apart from one single VM which is running fine on it's current blade but will not migrate to any other location. What could be the cause of it or where should I look to get a detailed error message as I can't seem to find much information logged in any of the logs. Edit: I know the usual culprit is mis-matching resource names. We've already been there with the NICs named differently on some of the blades. As far as we can tell now everything looks to be identical on each bit of metal.

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• HP Virtual Connect and VLAN Tagging

  - by JaapL

  We have a c7000 chasis with the ability to have 8 uplinks per ESX host. Only 6 are currenlty active. I have a Virtual Switch with multiple vlan port groups and all the VMs are working fine. Recently we've been asked to setup network load balancing for one of our VMs, so we had our Virtual Connect engineer activate the last two uplinks. We then created a new vSwitch and added the two new uplinks to this vSwitch. We then moved the VM to this new vSwitch, but we get no connectivity. What could be the issue? We also added the appropriate VLAN ID. The VConnect engineer says everything is configured correctly and networking TEAM says the appropriate trunking is setup, so we are at a loss...

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• When to use MySQL replication or DRBD for HA on Xen VM?

  - by user62513

  I'm setting up a database which needs to be needs to provide High Availabilty. My primary concern is high performance and robustness (I don't want something that will fail fast and badly). The database is accessed by the application at an average of 300 qps. It's will run on Xen VMs and it has some InnoDB tables as well as MyISAM tables. The VMs are connected via ethernet 100Mbit/s ethernet cables. Which of the two - MySQL replication or DRBD - would you recommend in such a situation? Or should I use DRBD to make the master database Highly Available and use MySQL replication on the slaves? I'm a developer so these things are all not so easy for me to make a sound judgement.

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• Which simple server virtualization solution to use?

  - by vvanscherpenseel

  For one part of our hosting platform we are currently using VMware Server 2 to create two virtual machines on one physical machine. One VM is used for hosting of small websites, the other VM is used as a staging environment. Both the host OS and guest OSes run CentOS Linux. Support for VMWare Server 2 has been discontinued and we are currently looking for a replacement. We only use basic functionality (we don't use snapshots, moving around VMs to different physical machines, or other 'advanced' functionality'). Just a box, with two VMs. We are looking for a virtualization solution that has long-term support, is stable and allows configuration/management from Mac OSx (I understood that Xen only has a Windows client). What would be the right solution for us?

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• How do you reset the range of available ports that libvirt autoport can use?

  - by bcmcfc

  Libvirt is using its autoport setting to automatically allocate ports within a range starting at 5900. Example excerpt from an XML configuration for a VM: <graphics type='spice' port='6000' autoport='yes' listen='127.0.0.1' keymap='en-gb'> <listen type='address' address='127.0.0.1'/> </graphics> Currently, there are free ports at various points within the range 5900 to 5999. However, newly booted VMs are picking up ports from 6000 on. I need for it to reuse the available ports in the 59xx range. Is this possible? If so, how do I do this? The problem arose because VMs are being accessed via websockets, and it tried to use 6000 which is a reserved port for X11. A solution that explains how to blacklist ports from being picked up by autport would also be sufficient.

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• 'Unlimited' free trial of Windows Server 2008 by deleting and reinstalling VM? [closed]

  - by MrVimes

  I am using Virtual Machine software (VirtualBox) to learn Windows Server 2008 R2 Network Infrastructure (70-642). Trouble is - I'm learning at an extremely slow pace and so the trial periods of my virtual machines are close to running out. If I delete the VMs then install WS2008R2 from scratch on new VMs is that violating the acceptable use policy of Microsoft? I am aware that I can extend the trial, but it seems I can only do that by 10 days at a time. Also I think having to re-install from scratch is a good way to reinforce the knowledge.

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• Running Debian as a Virtual Machine Host

  - by Tone

  I have a need to run a linux server to host subversion, bugzilla over Apache and also act as a file and print server. I also have a need to host Windows Server 2008 virtual machines for development purposes (I'm a .NET guy). The machine I have is a dual core AMD 2.5 Ghz w/2GB RAM. So here are my questions: 1) Should I run Debian (or some other distro) as the base AND create a Debian VM to host subversion, bugzilla and be my file/print server? or is it ok to use Debian as both my VM host and for those other reasons? 2) VMWare has a free server edition, Virtual Box also is another free option. Which one of these is better suited for what I need to do? Are there any other free (or inexpensive) alternatives out there? 3) Will I need a GUI with Debian in order to manage my VMs? 4) Can I run VMs without a GUI to conserve system resources?

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• Windows backups to VM Esxi

  - by Martyn

  I'm very new to ESXi, so apologies if this is a silly question. I have ESXi 5.1 running running on HP Proliant Microserver with internal LUNs RAIDed with HP P410 Smart Array card. I have 2 Windows Server 2012 VMs running as Domain controllers. These are being backed-up up with GhettoVCB to a dedicated datastore hosted on LUNs on a eSata external device. I have several Windows 8 & 7 PC's connected to this domain. I want to back up these Windows PCs, via the built in backup software, ideally to the external eSata device as well. What do I need to do to have the Windows PC's see the datastore? I assume I could create a VM for FreeNas or something, or share out the datastore via one of the Windows Server 2012 VMs. Both those options seem a little bit of an over kill?

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• RDP - Sharing shortcuts and/or toolbars

  - by Joe

  I often have to work across several virtual machines through RDP. I used to work with Terminals, and recently changed to mRemote NG. As of now, I have a checklist that I run on each new VM I create, in order to populate the desktop with the shortcuts and apps that I use regularly. Then, I create a checkpoint and use that when I need to revert to a "clean" machine. However, it's not always practical, and the VMs I have to use are not always created by me so that checkpoint is not always available. I know that I could use a template when creating the VM, but it doesn't solve the problem when I have to use VMs that I do not own. Does anyone know of a way to setup one set of shortcuts/apps and be able to launch them on a remote desktop connection easily? Kind of like a toolbar that is present wherever I'm logged on...

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• Software RAID underneath ESXi datastore

  - by carlpett

  I'm building an virtual environment for a small business. It is based around a single ESXi 5.1 host, which will host half a dozen or so VMs. I'm having some doubts regarding how to implement the storage though. I naturally want the datastore to be fault tolerant, but I can't get the funds for a separate storage machine, nor expensive hardware RAID solutions, so I would like to use some software RAID (lvm/mdadm, most likely). How can this be implemented? My only idea so far would be to create a VM which has the storage adapter as passthrough, puts some software RAID on top of the disks and then presents the resulting volumes "back" to the ESXi host which then creates a datastore from which other VMs get their storage presented. This does seem kind of round-about, do I have any better options? From my research, passthrough seems to come with quite a few drawbacks, such as no suspend/resume etc.

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