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• C++ : size of int, long, etc...

  - by Jérôme

  I'm looking for detailed informations regarding the size of basic C++ types. I know that it depends on the architecture (16 bits, 32 bits, 64 bits) and the compiler. But are there any standards ? I'm using Visual Studio 2008 on a 32 bit achitecture. Here is what I get : char : 1 byte short : 2 bytes int : 4 bytes long : 4 bytes float : 4 bytes double : 8 bytes I tried to find, without much success, reliable informations telling the sizes of char, short, int , long, double, float (and other types I don't think of) under different architecture and compiler.

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• What platforms have something other than 8-bit char?

  - by Craig McQueen

  Every now and then, someone on SO points out that char (aka 'byte') isn't necessarily 8 bits. It seems that 8-bit char is almost universal. I would have thought that for mainstream platforms, it is necessary to have an 8-bit char to ensure its viability in the marketplace. Both now and historically, what platforms use a char that is not 8 bits, and why would they differ from the "normal" 8 bits? When writing code, and thinking about cross-platform support (e.g. for general-use libraries), what sort of consideration is it worth giving to platforms with non-8-bit char? In the past I've come across some Analog Devices DSPs for which char is 16 bits. DSPs are a bit of a niche architecture I suppose. (Then again, at the time hand-coded assembler easily beat what the available C compilers could do, so I didn't really get much experience with C on that platform.)

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• Breaking the SQL Compact 8K Limit?

  - by David Veeneman

  I am creating a desktop application that stores rich text documents to a SQL Compact database. Documents are converted to a byte array and stored as a Binary column, and I am running into SQL Compact's 8K limit for Binary field length. Is there a simple way to get around the 8K limit? I can come up with lots of complicated ways to do it, such as parsing into 8K chunks for storage and reassembling on fetch. But before I get into something that complex, I would like to make sure I can't solve the problem more simply, such as by changing data type. If there is no simple way of getting around the 8K limit, is thare a best practice for storing documents greater than 8K? Thanks for your help.

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• KeybListener problem

  - by rgksugan

  In my apllication i am using a jpanel in which i want to add a key listener. I did it. But it doesnot work. Is it because i am using a swingworker to update the contents of the panel every second. Here is my code to update the panel RenderedImage image = ImageIO.read(new ByteArrayInputStream((byte[]) get())); Graphics graphics = remote.rdpanel.getGraphics(); if (graphics != null) { Image readyImage = new ImageIcon(UtilityFunctions.convertRenderedImage(image)).getImage(); graphics.drawImage(readyImage, 0, 0, remote.rdpanel.getWidth(), remote.rdpanel.getHeight(), null); }

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• How can I avoid mutable variables in Scala when using ZipInputStreams and ZipOutpuStreams?

  - by pr1001

  I'm trying to read a zip file, check that it has some required files, and then write all valid files out to another zip file. The basic introduction to java.util.zip has a lot of Java-isms and I'd love to make my code more Scala-native. Specifically, I'd like to avoid the use of vars. Here's what I have: val fos = new FileOutputStream("new.zip"); val zipOut = new ZipOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(fos)); while (zipIn.available == 1) { val entry = zipIn.getNextEntry if (entryIsValid(entry)) { val fos = new FileOutputStream("subdir/" + entry.getName()); val dest = new BufferedOutputStream(fos); // read data into the data Array var data: Array[Byte] = null var count = zip.read(data) while (count != -1) { dest.write(data, 0, count) count = zip.read(data) } dest.flush dest.close } }

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• Object to Network serialization - with an existing protocol

  - by cpf

  I'm writing a client for a server program written in C++. As is not unusual, all the networking protocol is in a format where packets can be easily memcopied into/out of a C++ structure (1 byte packet code, then different arrangements per packet type). I could do the same thing in C#, but is there an easier way, especially considering lots of the data is fixed-length char arrays that I want to play with as strings? Or should I just suck it up and convert types as needed? I've looked at using the ISerializable interface, but it doesnt look as low level as is required.

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• Uploading files to server

  - by Shivkumar

  I am trying to upload a file from my Windows application to the server into a particular Folder using C#. However, I am getting an exception: "An exception occurred during a WebClient request". Here is my code: for (int i = 0; i < dtResponseAttach.Rows.Count; i++) { string filePath = dtResponseAttach.Rows[i]["Response"]; WebClient client = new WebClient(); NetworkCredential nc = new NetworkCredential(); Uri addy = new Uri("http://192.168.1.4/people/Attachments/"); client.Credentials = nc; byte[] arrReturn = client.UploadFile(addy, filePath); Console.WriteLine(arrReturn.ToString()); } What could be the reason for this exception?

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• Arrays/Lists and computing hashvalues (VB, C#)

  - by Jeffrey Kern

  I feel bad asking this question but I am currently not able to program and test this as I'm writing this on my cell-phone and not on my dev machine :P (Easy rep points if someone answers! XD ) Anyway, I've had experience with using hashvalues from String objects. E.g., if I have StringA and StringB both equal to "foo", they'll both compute out the same hashvalue, because they're set to equal values. Now what if I have a List, with T being a native data type. If I tried to compute the hashvalue of ListA and ListB, assuming that they'd both be the same size and contain the same information, wouldn't they have equal hashvalues as well? Assuming as sample dataset of 'byte' with a length of 5 {5,2,0,1,3}

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• using C# how to convert iso8859-1 encoded text files that contain Latin-1 accented characters to utf

  - by Tim

  I am being sent text files saved in iso88591-1 format that contain accented characters from the Latin-1 range (as well as normal ASCII a-z etc). How to convert these files to utf-8 using C# so that the single-byte accented characters in iso8859-1 become valid utf-8 characters? I have tried to use a StreamReader with ASCIIEncoding, and then converting the ascii string to UTF-8 by instantiating an ascii encoding and a utf8 encoding and then using Encoding.Convert(ascii, utf8, ascii.GetBytes( asciiString) ) — but the accented characters are being rendered as question marks. What step am I missing? Thanks

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• getResourceAsStream returns HttpInputStream not of the entire file

  - by khue

  Hi, I am having a web application with an applet which will copy a file packed witht the applet to the client machine. When I deploy it to webserver and use: InputStream in = getClass().getResourceAsStream("filename") ; The in.available() always return a size of 8192 bytes for every file I tried, which means the file is corrupted when it is copied to the client computer. The InputStream is of type HttpInputStream (sun.net.protocol.http.HttpUrlConnection$httpInputStream). But while I test applet in applet viewer, the files are copied fine, with the InputStream returned is of type BufferedInputStream, which has the file's byte sizes. I guess that when getResourceStream in file system the BufferedInputStream will be used and when at http protocol, HttpInputStream will be used. How will I copy the file completely, is there a size limited for HttpInputStream? Thanks a lot.

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• Maximum number of bytes that can be sent on a TCP connection

  - by iamrohitbanga

  I initially assumed that since tcp has a sequence number field of 32 bits and each byte sent on a tcp connection is labeled with a unique number, maximum number of bytes that can be sent on a tcp connection is about 2^32-1 or 2^32-2 (which?). but now I feel that since TCP is a sliding window protocol, the wraparound of sequence numbers during the connection should not have an affect on the maximum number of bytes that can be sent over a tcp connection as long as the when wraparound occurs the old packet is no longer in the network (it is sent after 2*MSL). What is the correct answer?

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• Portable way to determine the platform's line separator

  - by Adrian McCarthy

  Different platforms use different line separator schemes (LF, CR-LF, CR, NEL, Unicode LINE SEPARATOR, etc.). C++ (and C) make a lot of this transparent to most programs, by converting '\n' to and from the target platform's native new line encoding. But if your program needs to determine the actual byte sequence used, how could you do it portably? The best method I've come up with is: Write a temporary file in text mode with just '\n' in it, letting the run-time do the translation. Read back the temporary file in binary mode to see the actual bytes. That feels kludgy. Is there a way to do it without temporary files? I tried stringstreams instead, but the run-time doesn't actually translate '\n' in that context (which makes sense). Does the run-time expose this information in some other way?

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• Storing images in a Microsoft SQL Server 2005 database

  - by Rekreativc

  Hello! I have a question about storing an image in a database. I know this topic has been discussed before, however I feel that in my case this is actually a good idea - the images will be small (none should be as large as 1MB) and there shouldn't be too many. I like the idea of not worrying about IO permissions etc. Anyway I have a problem when storing the image (byte[]) to the database type image. Here is my code: OleDbCommand comm = new OleDbCommand(strSql, Program.GetConnection()); comm.Parameters.Add("?", SqlDbType.Image).Value = bytearr; comm.ExecuteNonQuery(); Everything compiles fine, however when I run it, the code only saves the value 63 (0x3F) into the field - no matter which image I am trying to save. What could be the problem? Thank you for your help.

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• Quick way to do data lookup in PHP

  - by Ghostrider

  I have a data table with 600,000 records that is around 25 megabytes large. It is indexed by a 4 byte key. Is there a way to find a row in such dataset quickly with PHP without resorting to MySQL? The website in question is mostly static with minor PHP code and no database dependencies and therefore fast. I would like to add this data without having to use MySQL if possible. In C++ I would memory map the file and do a binary search in it. Is there a way to do something similar in PHP?

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• Using typedefs (or #defines) on built in types - any sensible reason?

  - by jb

  Well I'm doing some Java - C integration, and throught C library werid type mappings are used (theres more of them;)): #define CHAR char /* 8 bit signed int */ #define SHORT short /* 16 bit signed int */ #define INT int /* "natural" length signed int */ #define LONG long /* 32 bit signed int */ typedef unsigned char BYTE; /* 8 bit unsigned int */ typedef unsigned char UCHAR; /* 8 bit unsigned int */ typedef unsigned short USHORT; /* 16 bit unsigned int */ typedef unsigned int UINT; /* "natural" length unsigned int*/ Is there any legitimate reason not to use them? It's not like char is going to be redefined anytime soon. I can think of: Writing platform/compiler portable code (size of type is underspecified in C/C++) Saving space and time on embedded systems - if you loop over array shorter than 255 on 8bit microprocessor writing: for(uint8_t ii = 0; ii < len; ii++) will give meaureable speedup.

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• Making your own "int" or "string" class

  - by amerninja13

  I disassembled the .NET 'System' DLL and looked at the source code for the variable classes (string, int, byte, etc.) to see if I could figure out how to make a class that could take on a value. I noticed that the "Int32" class inherits the following: IComparable, IFormattable, IConvertible, IComparable, IEquatable. The String and Int32 classes are not inheritable, and I can't figure out what in these inherited interfaces allows the classes to hold a value. What I would want is something like this: public class MyVariable : //inherits here { //Code in here that allows it to get/set the value } public static class Main(string[] args) { MyVariable a = "This is my own custom variable!"; MyVariable b = 2976; if(a == "Hello") { } if(b = 10) { } Console.WriteLine(a.ToString()); Console.WriteLine(a.ToString()); }

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• Python - Finding unicode/ascii problems

  - by user330739

  Hi all, I am csv.reader to pull in info from a very long sheet. I am doing work on that data set and then I am using the xlwt package to give me a workable excel file. However, I get this error: UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0x92 in position 34: ordinal not in range(128) My question to you all is, how can I find exactly where that error is in my data set? Also, is there some code that I can write which will look through my data set and find out where the issues lie (because some data sets run without the above error and others have problems)?

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• Map derived class as an independent one with FNH's Automap

  - by Anton Gogolev

  Hi! Basically, I have an ImageMetadata class and an Image class, which derives from ImageMetadata. Image adds one property: byte[] Content, which actually contains binary data. What I want to do is to map these two classes onto one table, but I absolutely do not need NHibernates' inheritance support to kick in. I want to tailor FNH Automap to produce something like: <class name="ImageMetadata" ...> <property name="Name" ... /> < ... /> <class name="Image" ...> <property name="Name" ... /> <property name="Content" ... /> < ... /> Is this at all possible?

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• Best way to store application images taken via camera

  - by Dave

  Hi all, I'm just looking for some insight into what would be the best way for me to store images as part of my app. I have an activity that represents a 'Job' which has a couple of edittext's and underneath was planning on using the Gallery component to show images relevant to this job. The job data is stored in a database (on the sdcard) so was also thinking of creating a table to store 'JobImages' and having each image stored as a byte array. But I'm not sure if it would be better to store the images directly on sdcard under a folder structure specific to my application and the job. E.g. using the job ID number as a folder name. Depending on which method I use will greatly determine the code that goes into an 'adapter' that allows me to bind to the gallery component so before I begin I was wondering if anyone has had the same design problem and what option they chose. Thanks, Dave

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• What are the ways to create draw data structures for latex?

  - by alicephacker

  I tried tikz/pgf a bit but have not had much luck creating a nice diagram to visualize bitfields or byte fields of packed data structures (i.e. in memory). Essentially I want a set of rectangles representing ranges of bits with labels inside, and offsets along the top. There should be multiple rows for each word of the data structure. This is similar to most of the diagrams in most processor manuals labeling opcode encoding etc. Has anyone else tried to do this using latex or is there a package for this?

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• Powershell Select-Object from array not working

  - by Andrew

  I am trying to seperate values in an array so i can pass them to another function. Am using the select-Object function within a for loop to go through each line and separate the timestamp and value fields. However, it doesn't matter what i do the below code only displays the first select-object variable for each line. The second select-object command doesn't seem to work as my output is a blank line for each of the 6 rows. Any ideas on how to get both values $ReportData = $SystemStats.get_performance_graph_csv_statistics( (,$Query) ) ### Allocate a new encoder and turn the byte array into a string $ASCII = New-Object -TypeName System.Text.ASCIIEncoding $csvdata = $ASCII.GetString($ReportData[0].statistic_data) $csv2 = convertFrom-CSV $csvdata $newarray = $csv2 | Where-Object {$_.utilization -ne "0.0000000000e+00" -and $_.utilization -ne "nan" } for ( $n = 0; $n -lt $newarray.Length; $n++) { $nTime = $newarray[$n] $nUtil = $newarray[$n] $util = $nUtil | select-object Utilization $util $tstamp = $nTime | select-object timestamp $tstamp }

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• Multi-threaded downloader in C# question

  - by blez

  Currently I have multi-threaded downloader class that uses HttpWebRequest/Response. All works fine, it's super fast, BUT.. the problem is that the data needs to be streamed while it's downloading to another app. That means that it must be streamed in the right order, the first chunk first, and then the next in the queue. Currently my downloader class is sync and Download() returns byte[]. In my async multi-threaded class I make for example, list with 4 empty elements (for slots) and I pass each index of the slot to each thread using the Download() function. That simulates synchronization, but that's not what I need. How should I do the queue thing, to make sure the data is streamed as soon as the first chunk start downloading.

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• PDF coming as text on browser

  - by spt3210

  I am trying to display a PDF from database (byte[]) to user. I am using code below to render PDF. It is giving me PDF as binary text as shown below. Instead of open in PDF application it is rendering PDF as text. Response.Buffer = true; Response.Charset = ""; Response.Cache.SetCacheability(HttpCacheability.NoCache); //Response.AddHeader("Content-Length", fileToDownload.Length.ToString()); //Response.AddHeader("Content-Disposition", "inline; name=RemoteUserGuide.pdf"); Response.AppendHeader("content-length", fileToDownload.Length.ToString()); Response.ContentType = "application/pdf"; Response.BinaryWrite(fileToDownload); Response.Flush(); ////Response.Close(); Response.End(); Any Ideas?

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• in java, which is better - three arrays of booleans or 1 array of bytes?

  - by joe_shmoe

  I know the question sounds silly, but consider this: I have an array of items and a labelling algorithm. at any point the item is in one of three states. The current version holds these states in a byte array, where 0, 1 and 2 represent the three states. alternatively, I could have three arrays of boolean - one for each state. which is better (consumes less memory) depends on how jvm (sun's version) stores the arrays - is a boolean represented by 1 bit? (p.s. don't start with all that "this is not the way OO/Java works" - I know, but here performance comes in front. plus the algorithm is simple and perfectly readable even in such form). Thanks a lot

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• Me As Child Type In General Function

  - by Steven

  I have a MustInherit Parent class with two Child classes which Inherit from the Parent. How can I use (or Cast) Me in a Parent function as the the child type of that instance? EDIT: My actual goal is to be able to serialize (BinaryFormatter.Serialize(Stream, Object)) either of my child classes. However, "repeating the code" in each child "seems" wrong. EDIT2: This is my Serialize function. Where should I implement this function? Copying and pasting to each child doesn't seem right, but casting the parent to a child doesn't seem right either. Public Function Serialize() As Byte() Dim bFmt As New BinaryFormatter() Dim mStr As New MemoryStream() bFmt.Serialize(mStr, Me) Return mStr.ToArray() End Function

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