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• Installing Visual Studio Express on Windows 8.1

  - by robrene

  I've been trying to install the latest version of Microsoft Visual Studio Express from their website to toy around with the IDE and C# development in general. I have a relatively fresh and completely vanilla installation of Windows 8.1 Professional x64 for this purpose. I come from a Linux background, where installing software (especially software distributed by the maintainer of the OS) is usually done with package managers. First, I tried to look for Visual Studio in the Windows 8 Store. There was one entry, but it did not have an installation button. Instead, it redirected me to their website. From all the products listed under the "Download" section on their website, I decided Visual Studio 2013 Express for Windows Desktop was the best for me. I selected it and clicked on "Install now". An installer program downloaded, and I'm assuming that the installer downloaded the necessary files as it was running. When it was done, it asked for a reboot, to which I obliged. However, I can't seem to find the IDE installed anywhere? It doesn't show up anywhere in the Start menu interface. I can't find any executables that look like they might be the IDE in its installation folder. Running the installer again and selecting "Repair" does download some files, but after its requested reboot, nothing has changed. The only thing that I can find is an advertisement link to "Try other Visual Studio 2013 Products" in my start menu. I suppose my question is what I have to do to run Visual Studio 2013 Express on Windows 8.1? Am I not looking in the right places? Am I doing the installation process wrong? Thanks in advance

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• Firefox: Clear History Is SUPER EFFECTIVE?

  - by acidzombie24

  I'm seeing a performance problem on certain sites (like gmail) which clearing the history should not affect. Is this a website problem or a firefox problem and what can i do to fix it w/o clearing my history? Also as a webdeveloper i am interested in how to make this happen (or not happen). I'm using firefox 8 and i confirmed the problem by copying my profile to firefox 11 (portable). To reproduce go to gmail.com and sign in. Have your task manager open. Once you click signin or hit enter gmail will bring up your emails. Keep your eye on the CPU usage. I checked and right now on this machine its using all my CPU for 22seconds!!!! Yes. 22 seconds. Once i cleared my "browser & download history" Its <6seconds. WTF. I have no idea why or how the size of history and CPU usage when loading up gmail are correlated. I have firefox setup so it never clears the history. But... 22seconds is a disaster. Can someone explain why this is happening or a fix that isnt clearing my history? I tried visiting a few websites and only gmail eats up that much CPU. Most websites only take <5sec of max CPU. So maybe this is a gmail problem? Or a firefox problem that gmail happens to hit? I still dont understand why it happens. -edit- I forgot to mention places.sqlite is 90mb. I dont think that matters. I have a sqlite file 400mb which is pretty much 2 large tables. It has no performance issues

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• Powershell Script Scheduled Task Stopped Running (Could not Start)

  - by Hatsune Yuki

  I'm running a scheduled task (for Powershell Script) on Windows 2003 Server. I believe the script works fine. The task is scheduled to run every 10 minutes from 7:00am to 11:50pm everyday. However, it never gets to run more for than a day. It always stops some time in the afternoon (between 2pm and 6pm). I'm not sure exactly what happened but I always get the error The attempt to log on to the account associated with the task failed, therefore, the task did not run. The specific error is: 0x80070569: Logon failure: the user has not been granted the requested logon type at this computer. Verify that the task's Run-as name and password are valid and try again. It seems like most people with this error are saying that they need to make user "logon as a batch job". However, this option is greyed-out for me. I search for other places where users have similar problems but the solutions are not written in detail (some of them have something to do with GPO). I've only used the basic features of Windows Server and I have no clue how to get to the place they are referring to. Can someone please confirm whether "logon as a batch job" is indeed a solution and provide a detailed walkthrough on how to solve my problem? Thanks. p.s. someone suggested the website http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc755659(v=ws.10) I tried to followed the method for web server with domain. However, got stuck on the 6th step where it mentions Group Policy Object. I don't know where it is.

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• WAN Optimization for Small Office/Home Office

  - by TiernanO

  I have been reading up on WAN optimization for the last while, mostly out of interest of speeding up my own internet connections, but also to speed up the office internet connection. At home, I have 2 cable modems plugged into a RouterBoard RB750, which load balances the connections. In the office, we have a single connection into a NetGear router. Most of the WAN Optimization products I have seen, seem to be prohibitively expensive, but also seem to be based on the idea of having multiple branches around the world. What I am looking for, ideally, is as follows: software install: I am "guessing" I need to install it in 2 places: one in the office or house, and one in "the cloud". any connections going to, say, The US (we are in Europe, but our backup's live in the US currently, which would be something important to speed up) would be "tunnelled" though the Optimizer. If downloading or uploading large files, open multiple connections between both "the cloud" and the optimizer... This is where a lot of speed could be gained. finally, for items not compressed, they would be compressed on the cloud side of things, also items that are already on the optimizer could be not sent again. kind of like RSync or Proxy servers... So, is there something that can be done? Is it available using off the shelf components (some magic script with SSH, Squid, Linux and duct tape) or is it something that needs to be purchased? or even an Open Source Project that does 90% of what i am asking?

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• Setup shared internet connection on virtualbox with fixed IP

  - by Tom

  I am a web developer and until recently I have been using ubuntu as my OS. For many reasons, I have switched back to windows. I still want to keep my server on linux platform, so I setup my local server as a virtual machine. Everything works great, but i have a little struggle with the networking. Since I am working in different places and going around clients, I connect to all sorts of network with different settings. That means the possible IP range is very dynamic which causes issues when I work on my local server. At the moment I have a dynamic IP on my host and static IP on my guest. That way I can access the server from my host (by adding record to hosts file). I also have internet connection on the guest. But once i change networks, it does not work (assuming the network has different configuration). My question is, how to setup host-guest networking, so no matter what network I connect to, I can keep my static IP on guest, which is registered in hosts file on my host so I can access the webserver and also I will have internet connection on the guest? Hope it make sense. Thank you

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• rsync per-site configuration file?

  - by Scott

  I know how to configure a per-site entry for ssh, but is there any kind of a client configuration for rsync that allows per-site configuration options and aliases or similar shortcuts like the .ssh/config? I'm curious because I have a minimal ssh server installed on my android phone and I also have a minimal rsync tool on it as well. I'm getting tired of having to root login onto the phone and sym-link both tools to standard places the android OS looks for executables as the ssh server is bare bones and has a typical *bear multi-link binary for the basic unix commands (that does not include rsync) I end up having to include --rsync-path=/path/to/rsync/android/files/rsync every time I want to do any rsyncing of the files on my phone, but this path is always the same. I've gotten around it in the meantime with a glob approach in a shell script wrapper, but this sometimes limits the customization I can do with the rsync call. I'm just wondering if there is anything similar to the .ssh/config file where I can create an alias for my phone (e.g. 'android') where specifying rsync android:/mnt/sdcard will automatically assume --rsync-path=/blah/blah/blah --no-g --no-p --no-t etc. Tre`

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• Compare-Object gives false differences

  - by Andy

  I have some problem with Compare-Object. My task is to get difference between two directory snapshots made at different times. First snapshot is taken like this: ls -recurse d:\dir | export-clixml dir-20100129.xml Then, later, I get second snapshot and load both of them: $b = (import-clixml dir-20100130.xml) $a = (import-clixml dir-20100129.xml) Next, I'm trying to compare with Compare-Object, like that: diff $a $b What I get is in some places files that were added to $b since $a, but in some -- files that were in both snapshots, and some files, that were added to $b, are not given in Compare-Object output. Puzzling, but $b.count - $a.count is EXACTLY the same as (diff $a $b).count. Why is that? Ok, Compare-Object has -property param. I try to use that: diff -property fullname $a $b And I get the whole mess of differences: it shows me ALL the files. For example, say $a contains: A\1.txt A\2.txt A\3.txt And $b contains: X\2.mp3 X\3.mp3 X\4.mp3 A\1.txt A\2.txt A\3.txt diff output is something like that: X\2.mp3 => A\1.txt <= X\3.mp3 => A\2.txt <= X\4.mp3 => A\3.txt <= A\1.txt => A\2.txt => A\3.txt => Weird. I think I don't understand something crucial about Compare- Object usage, and manuals are scarce... Please, help me to get the DIFFERENCE between two directory snapshots. Thanks in advance UPDATE: I've saved data as plain strings like that: > import-clixml dir-20100129.xml | % { $_.fullname } | out-file -enc utf8 a.txt And results are the same. Here're excerpts of both snapshots (top 100-something lines, a.txt and b.txt), output of compare-object, and output of UNIX diff (unified). All files are UTF-8: http://dl.dropbox.com/u/2873752/compare-object-problem.zip

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• Can I regenerate the rsa key for SSH access to a Cisco router? Or should I completely erase the SSH config?

  - by Josh

  I have a production 2691 that I administer via telnet. I'd like to change that to SSH. Looking at the config, it looks like there have been keys generated in the past. I think the history here is SSH was set up, they had issues connecting, and fell back to telnet. There are a number of crypto entries, including the following: crypto pki trustpoint Gateway-2691.xxx.com enrollment selfsigned subject-name cn=IOS-Gateway-2691.xxx.com revocation-check none rsakeypair Gateway-2691.xxx.com I've also got this going... Gateway-2691#sh ip ssh SSH Disabled - version 1.99 %Please create RSA keys (of atleast 768 bits size) to enable SSH v2. Authentication timeout: 120 secs; Authentication retries: 3 Gateway-2691# My question is simply, can I run crypto key generate rsa again to set it up again? Is there a way to negate or no all of the previous ssh config so that I can start fresh there? I may be asking the wrong questions, as I'm learning here. As for the SSH how-to, I'm sure I can find information in many places. I'm just basically wondering if I need to start fresh, or if I can pick up where the last attempt at SSH config left off.

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• How can I read PDFs with e-reader on a Lenovo tablet?

  - by Jack M

  This is my first time using a tablet and I'm totally lost - this must be what computers look like to old people. This is a Lenovo Thinkpad tablet. I don't see a specific model number on it (it was passed down to me second hand). What I'd like to do is read a PDF. I'm fairly certain I successfully transferred the PDF onto the tablet via an SD card, and I noticed this thing has an app called "eReader" on it, so I started that up. All I see are empty bookshelves, and no obvious buttons or settings anywhere. I saw in multiple places that you have to, as one site puts it: ...copy and paste the relevant files into the eBooks folder and they will appear on the eReader shelf for your consumption... But I have no idea how to: Access the file system. Locate the eBooks folder. Copy and paste files. Will I need a file explorer app? If so, how can I install that given that my only method of getting data onto this tablet is an SD card (no wireless internet).

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• Puppet: variable overriding best practices

  - by rvs

  I'm wondering what are best practices for overriding variables in puppet. I'd like to have all my nodes (which located in different places, some of them are qa, some live) with same classes. Now I have something like this: class base_linux { <...> # something which requires $env and $relayhost variables } class linux_live { $relayhost="1.1.1.1" $env = "prod" include base_linux } class linux_qa { $relayhost="2.2.2.2" # override relayhost include base_linux } class linux_trunk { $env = "trunk" # override env inlude linux_qa } node "trunk01" { include linux_trunk include <something else> } node "trunk02" { $relayhost = "3.3.3.3" # override relayhost include linux_trunk include <something else> } node "prod01" { include linux_prod } So, I'd like to have some defaults in base_linux, which can be overrided by linux_qa/linux_live, which can be overrided in higher level classes and node definition. Of course, it does not work (and not expected to work). It does not work with class inheritance as well. Probably, I'll be able to archive using global scope variables, but it does not seems like a good idea to me. What is the best way to solve this problem?

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• InstallShield or Windows installer corrupted

  - by Bobby S

  Just recently I've been unable to install any software on my Windows 7 machine. Anything that uses InstallShield or the Windows installer will just hang or give a weird error. I noticed there will be many duplicate isbew64.exe processes (like 25) that launch and then just sit there or else a lot of msiexec.exe *32 processes, depending on what I'm trying to install. One piece of software specifically is the Logitech Harmony software. It gives me an *is_string_not_defined* error, saying c:\program files (x86)\:\ the filename, directory name, or volume label syntax is incorrect. The other thing I was trying to install was Battlefield: Bad Company 2, and that just hangs as well, and then just leaves all the Windows installer processes running in the background after I quit the install process. Very odd. I've checked well and googled these issues, it doesn't appear to be any sort of malware issue. I feel like it's related to some kind of corrupted installer application. I've rebooted, deleted the InstallShield folder in program files/common files as some places online suggested but to no avail. I have no idea what to do, any ideas?

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• Is there anything like Heroku for PHP and/or .NET?

  - by Wayne M

  In my area PHP is very widespread, so is .NET. Ruby not so much; most places have never heard of it. For some personal things I am "forced" to choose Rails because I want to take advantage of Heroku - the ability to deploy and scale on the cloud very easily is the main reason. Also, they offer a small FREE plan, with no ads or strings attached, that I can use for demo sites or, in this case, for my business' static page; as a totally bootstrapped startup I have maybe $50 or so in initial capital and cannot afford to pay monthly fees while I'm getting started. Are there any similar offerings for other languages? Specifically, I really like the small, 5MB site for free that Heroku offers - is there anything like that for PHP and/or .NET? I'm not even that concerned about the "cloud" part, but that would be a nice bonus. If there is, I might be able to kill two birds with one stone and pick up a useful skill as I'm doing my own thing instead of using something that nobody else knows or cares about. I should add I'm specifically interested in something that offers a free plan. As I said, Heroku has a 5mb plan that you can have as many as you want for free; I have yet to find anything similar for any other platform (most of the "free" sites require you to have ugly banners on your page, or don't allow you to use your own domain name), and to be honest I'm not too thrilled about using Ruby on Rails for everything simply to take advantage of this. I'm asking this here because I already asked it on StackOverflow and someone suggested it would be better suited here.

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• Batch-Remove Specific Text from Photo Descriptions

  - by David

  I've recently upgraded to iPhoto '11 (couldn't resist the pricing on the new app store) and as I'm adding more meta-data to my library and generally organizing things (places, faces, etc... I hadn't upgraded since '08) I've noticed something odd in my photos. Every photo in my library has a description (though many are short), but it would appear that somehow the description of one of the photos has been appended to many. I don't know if maybe I accidentally screwed up a batch change at some point in the past, or if the library upgrade somehow messed up, or what else may have happened. But what I need to do is fix these somehow. Now, manually editing is something of a daunting task. Within a library of 21,248 photos, 18,858 of them have this additional text. The one thing I do have going for me is that it's a specific string. If there's a way to "remove this string from everywhere in the library without removing the rest of any given description" then that would be perfect. Is there anything I can do like this? Maybe even manually editing a library file in a text editor? (Would that break anything else in iPhoto if its library was edited outside of the application, even while it's not running?) Does anybody have any ideas?

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• Command line switching

  - by Larry

  I have read through some suggestions but I am just not technical enough to get this I think. I am a CAD designer and each file has 5 files associated with it. I have 3 sets of 5 files, and each set needs to go into its own zip file, placed on a separate server. For example: "C:\Program Files\7-zip\7z.exe" a file1.zip "O:\server2\map files\BC\BC.d*"-0 "C:\Program Files\7-zip\7z.exe" a file2.zip "O:\server2\map files\BC\ON.d*"-0 "C:\Program Files\7-zip\7z.exe" a file3.zip "O:\server2\map files\BC\AB.d*"-0 and I am in directory "S:\server\map files\provinces" (for example). These lines run within an existing batch file and by the time it reaches the 3 lines above, it's in the S: directory sample above. So it's looking on my pc for the 7-zip program, creating 3 zip file names which it does, but places those zip files on a separate server which it doesn't and the first zip file also includes all the other 10 files, the second zip file the same plus the first zip file, and the third the same with the other two zip files making me think the code isn't recognizing the part after file1.zip where I am trying to tell it what files to include and where to place the zip files. Ultimately, I want to either have the system create a new zip file if the old one was deleted, or copy the new files into the existing zip and overwrite any older files, and for these zip files to be placed in a separate location which is where we share our files with other personnel from within our company. The S: drive is for all originals, and O: is for sharing. Is there a list of all switching options with many different samples?

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• Why does my ftp(e)s server fails like half of the time

  - by user1092608

  I have this discussion at work regarding our ftp server running via vsftpd. Initially, we have opted to serve ftpes instead of sftp because this seemed the most flexible and straightforward solution for our server to have secure file transmission. Afterwards, our ftp server seems to be a source of issues for our end users. Half of the time, users complain about not working ftp connections. I must say, i tested our FTP trough different infrastructures (=in the field, at random times at random places) and indeed, sometimes behind some configurations (=no idea how they are configured, because the 'field' testing), i recieve errors. Some of the are: Error: Failed to retrieve directory listing (filezilla) Furthermore, behind my basic home configuration, everything seems to be running fine. I (think I) did all the basic configuration checks (passive mode?, firewall for all ports?, ...) and can't seem to find the source. Being a bunch of techies at our small office, yet knowing nothing about infrastructure, some start suggesting that ftps protocol could be the source of issues. ("No, i only knew sftp so far" "Ftps is not widespread"). I, however, strongly doubt this hypothesis, since reading around on the www, asking questions on serverfault, everyone seems to deny this. So, as I would like to avoid reconfiguring, since this involves messing around in our SSH service, our virtual user setup and ftp service, i would need some advice on 1) what could be potentially the general cause? 2) do you have some general tips? 3) would you mind having a look at my configuration file? ----- General Settings ----- write_enable=YES dirmessage_enable=YES nopriv_user=ftpsecure ftpd_banner="Welcome to XXXX FTP!" hide_ids=YES hide_file=.* max_per_ip=10 max_clients=10 local_enable=YES local_umask=022 chroot_local_user=YES secure_chroot_dir=/usr/share/empty userlist_enable=NO userlist_deny=YES userlist_file=/etc/vsftp_deny_users guest_enable=YES guest_username=ftpvirtual virtual_use_local_privs=YES user_sub_token=$USER local_root=/srv/ftp/ftpvirtual/$USER anonymous_enable=NO syslog_enable=NO xferlog_enable=YES xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd_xfer.log connect_from_port_20=YES pam_service_name=vsftpd listen=YES listen_port=21 pasv_enable=YES pasv_min_port=30000 pasv_max_port=30030 pasv_address=foo ssl_enable=YES rsa_cert_file=/etc/vsftpd.pem rsa_private_key_file=/etc/vsftpd.pem force_local_data_ssl=YES force_local_logins_ssl=YES ssl_tlsv1=YES ssl_sslv2=YES ssl_sslv3=YES ssl_ciphers=HIGH anon_mkdir_write_enable=NO anon_root=/srv/ftp anon_upload_enable=NO idle_session_timeout=900 log_ftp_protocol=NO dsa_cert_file=/etc/vsftpd.pem Thanks

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• Are there any benchmarks showing difference between hardware virtualisation enabled/disabled?

  - by Wil

  I have a 13" sub-laptop/large-netbook, it has an AMD Athlon Neo X2 L335, and I chose this one because it supports hardware virtualisation. In the end, I hardly do any virtualisation on it, however, when I do... it is fast. To my shock, I went in to the BIOS and saw that virtualisation was disabled! I turned this on and, I see no speed difference.... or at least none that I can tell. I do not have time to do a full set of benchmarks - and I run quite a bit of software on the host, so it wouldn't be scientific. I have searched quite a few places and I just can not find any benchmarks showing the difference of virtualisation bit enabled/disabled on the same hardware. Does anyone have any benchmarks they have seen that they can share? In addition, I know there was an uproar a while ago as Sony disable the hardware virtualisation on some models and only offer it in their higher models as a premium feature, however, apart from forcing an up-sell, are there any benefits to having it disabled e.g. battery/heat? I just can't find any information and can't work out why it would be disabled by default. Edit--- To add, The only thing I can find is that without it, you can not perform x64 virtualisation as fast. This is the only down side I can find. However, if this is the only difference, then I am still interested in the second part of the question - why offer the option to disable it?

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• Getting PAM/user info into php - something like Net_Finger instead of a db?

  - by digitaltoast

  I've got a very small user group who just need to login, upload, check and then move specific files to a different area when ready. Right now, I use the nginx PAM auth module to log them in against their unix accounts. As their login is their home directory, I've already got the info to send the uploads to the right area - one line of php and no database needed. But I'm maintaining a separate DB just so PHP can welcome them, grab their email and send them an email when processed. Yes, sure I could use nosql or sqlite instead so as to not need a whole mysql install. But it occurred to me that as I've got all these blank user fields for phone numbers I could populate with any data, that I could use something like php's Net_Finger. Which failed for me with: sudo pear install Net_Finger Starting to download Net_Finger-1.0.1.tgz (1,618 bytes) ....done: 1,618 bytes could not extract the package.xml file from "/build/buildd/php5-5.5.9+dfsg/pear-build-download/Net_Finger-1.0.1.tgz" Download of "pear/Net_Finger" succeeded, but it is not a valid package archive Error: cannot download "pear/Net_Finger" At which point I thought I'd stop, and take a ServerFault reality check - is this a really bad/dangerous/stupid idea just to stop me having to maintain details in two places rather than one? It there a better way? Googling shows that it's not an oft-asked thing, so perhaps with good reason?

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• Explain why .bash_logout won't run commands?

  - by Droogans

  So I've been wondering how to run these two lines of code everytime I close an open instance of Terminal: history -c cat /dev/null > ~/.bash_history I export HISTFILE=5 on startup, but still want to flush that out when I'm done. I've tried looking around a bit in a couple of places, and haven't had much luck. I run Linux Mint, and would also note here that I ran into a similar issue with .bash_profile; eventually, I discovered I needed to place all start up code in .bashrc, so maybe that has something to do with it. Here's my .bash_logout file: #!/bin/bash # ~/.bash_logout: executed by bash(1) when login shell exits. # when leaving the console clear the screen to increase privacy if [ "$SHLVL" = 1 ]; then history -c cat /dev/null > ~/.bash_history [ -x /usr/bin/clear_console ] && /usr/bin/clear_console -q fi #this does nothing on exit... echo 'logout'; sleep 2s I've tried re-arranging this script many ways, I'm not sure if I don't understand how bash works, and if any of this is running in the first place. Does the fact that I run Xserver make bash consider Terminal something that isn't a log-out on exit?

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• FDE / SSD - partition and leave some unencrypted?

  - by Web Design Hero

  Just bought a used beast of a desktop pc. The system drive is setup as a Raid 0 SSD (Intel 510 SSD Drives) with 128 each. I will probably not have to many programs beyond office and maybe Adobe CS if I spring for it, I will be keeping big data on a regular hdd. My question is about setting up TrueCrypt with my configuration. I have not previously done full disk encryption, but I feel that its probably a good idea. I have done some speed tests using file containers on the hdd and the sdd with truecrypt. While there is a huge hit with the SSDs and Truecrypt, it still outperforms the hdd on its own by a good margin, so I think i will be okay for my needs with truecrypt. I have seen in a few places that they recommend partitioning the drive and leavign some of the SSD not inside truecrypt, does this really make a difference? If so, how much should I leave? Will there be any issue in the Raid0 configuration? I am not really concerned about all the wear leveling issue, rather loose data and be secure, but since I don't need all that space neccesarily, I would like to optimize my setup for security and speed.

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• Gnome 3 application Icons disappeared

  - by robin.koch

  I edited my main menu settings (unchecked items inside a sub menu) when it happened that the window freezed and all entries on the left side disappeared (Office, System, Settings, Games, ...). I didn't think much about it, but when I restarted my computer all application entries in my menu and my favorites (quickstart bar on the left side) where gone. When I go to activities - applications I just see the "All" entry without any items to click on. ~/.config/menu/gnome-applications.menu is an empty file and ~/.config/menu/gnome-settings.menu has the folowing content: <!DOCTYPE Menu PUBLIC '-//freedesktop//DTD Menu 1.0//EN' 'http://standards.freedesktop.org/menu-spec/menu-1.0.dtd'> <Menu> <Name>Desktop</Name> <MergeFile type="parent">/etc/xdg/menus/gnome-settings.menu</MergeFile> </Menu> I also looked into the files under /etc/xdg/menus. They look like template files without any reference to actual installed programs. I assume that due to a bug it deleted all my menu settings. Is there any way to restore at least the default menu? Or are there any other places to look for my old configuration?

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• Difference between "bit-number" in filesystem and that in OS (like 32,64 bit)?

  - by learner

  I encountered 2 terms ,"FAT32", a file system and "Windows Vista 32 bit". I found that the meaning of a 32 bit OS is that that the OS deals with data in chunks of minimum size 32 bits. I don't quite understand the depth of that, but I figure ,every file in that system with that OS should have a minimum size of 32 bits. I also read that these 32 bits are used to hold data of files' location(reference) and details. Which of it is it? I have also read that 4 GB of RAM is all that is needed at the most if you're on a 32 bit OS. But I don't understand why. If there are 32 bits to hold info about files and their locations,there can be 2^32 possible combinations of it. But I have found in many places,2^32 is divided by 1024 thrice to get 4GB. Why? Did that 2^32 become equal to 2^32 bytes? And about filesystems I read a similar explanation for what 32 means in FAT32. It is supposed to mean that 32 bits are used to number file system block. Now how is different from the number before the OS?

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• Will the removal of NAT (with the use of IPv6) be bad for consumers? [closed]

  - by Jonathan.

  Possible Duplicate: How will IPv6 impact everyday users? (World IPv6 Day) As I understand when we have finally made the switch to IPv6 not only will NAT be unnecessary but it is incompatible with IPv6? Will that mean that ISPs will have to serve multiple IP addresses per customer? Will they provide a range of addresses for each customer or as each device connects will they get an IP address that isn't necessarily near that of the other devices in their house? But overall will this be bad for the Internet users? as surely it will allow ISPs to see exactly how many devices are being used, and so allow them to charge for the use of additional IP addresses? And then if that happens, what happens when you try to connect an extra device to your network? Will it simply not get an IP address? In my home we have about 15-20 devices connected at once, but for places where there are hundreds of devices, it seems like the perfect opportunity for ISPs to charge more? I think I may have it completely wrong, so is there somewhere where there is an explanation of who things will work when IPv6 becomes the norm?

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• How do you get linux to honor setuid directories?

  - by Takigama

  Some time ago while in a conversation in IRC, one user in a channel I was in suggested someone setuid a directory in order for it to inherit the userid on files to solve a problem someone else was having. At the time I spoke up and said "linux doesn't support setuid directories". After that, the person giving the advice showed me a pastebin (http://codepad.org/4In62f13) of his system honouring the setuid permission set on a directory. Just to explain, when i say "linux doesnt support setuid directories" what I mean is that you can go "chmod u+s directory" and it will set the bit on the directory. However, linux (as i understood it) ignores this bit (on directories). Try as I might, I just cant quite replicate that pastebin. Someone suggested to me once that it might be possible to emulate the behaviour with selinux - and playing around with rules, its possible to force a uid on a file, but not from a setuid directory permission (that I can see). Reading around on the internet has been fairly uninformative - most places claim "no, setuid on directories does not work with linux" with the occasional "it can be done under specific circumstances" (such as this: http://arstechnica.com/etc/linux/2003/linux.ars-12032003.html) I dont remember who the original person was, but the original system was a debian 6 system, and the filesystem it was running was xfs mounted with "default,acl". I've tried replicating that, but no luck so far (tried so far with various versions of debian, ubuntu, fedora and centos) Can anyone clue me in on what or how you get a system to honor setuid on a directory?

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• One Apache server, multiple clients - best practices for config files?

  - by OttaSean

  First time user; please be gentle. :-) (And if you don't like my question I'd be grateful for a comment as to why...) I am doing a contract at a government server shop that provides web services for multiple client groups in other areas of the government. My employer has asked me to look into how other shops, in similar situations, handle configuration files, and whether there are any best practices on the subject. I'm pretty sure there are lots of installations out there running multiple VirtualHosts out of one Apache installation, but surprisingly I couldn't find anything online about how people handle config file layout, so was hoping some of you wise folks on ServerFault might have some thoughts or pointers for me. The current setup - which seems logical to me - is that each client site has its own directory off the root - so: /client/tps-reports/ /client/silly-walks/ /client/ministry-of-magic/ and so on - and each of those directories has a /htdocs, /cgi-bin, and /conf (among others). The main /etc/apache/httpd.conf only contains Include statements (and lots of comments), the last of which is: Include /etc/apache/vhosts/*.conf The vhosts directory contains symlinks: tpsrept.conf - /client/tps-reports/conf/tpsrept.conf sillywk.conf - /client/silly-walks/conf/sillywk.conf mom.conf - /client/ministry-of-magic/mom.conf Each of those .conf files contains the actual NameVirtualHost definition and a gigantic <VirtualHost 192.168.12.34> stanza - which contains all the stuff about the specific site. The idea is that clients have access to what's in their own /client/xx directory, so they can change stuff in the section of the config that is relevant to them. As I mentioned above, that seems fairly logical to me, but I'm wondering if any of you wise folks are aware of potential gotchas with this sort of layout, or any other thoughts on why it is or isn't a good idea. In particular, how do other places do it? Is there a "best practice" for this sort of thing? Many thanks in advance for your time and any thoughts you all might have.

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• How to access files on a USB-connected NTFS disk removed from a Win7 notebook?

  - by yosh m

  My daughter seems to have fried her motherboard in her Lenovo Notebook. The disk seems to be fine. I removed the disk and used a universal disk-to-USB kit to attach it to another computer. The disk is recognized fine and I can peruse it in Windows Explorer. The problem is that the files she would like to recover from it are located in places that Windows refuses to let me access. When I try, for example, to enter the directory "Documents and Settings" it gives me an "Access is denied" error. Same thing when I try to go into the various User directories and other locations. I thought to try creating a Ghost image & retrieve the files from that, but Ghost seems to croak when I try to run it - apparently it doesn't like accessing the disk via a USB connection (even though I've told it to install the drivers for USB). Any other ideas about how to get to the files I need, either through Windows or perhaps some other OS that I could boot from a CD that can read an NTFS disk? Thanks, Yosh

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