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• How do you get and set a class property across multiple functions in Objective-C?

  - by editor

  Following up on this question about sharing objects between classes, I now need to figure out how to share the objects across various functions in a class. First, the setup: In my App Delegate I load menu information from JSON into a NSMutableDictionary and message that through to a view controller using a function called initWithData. I need to use this dictionary to populate a new Table View, which has methods like numberOfRowsInSection and cellForRowAtIndexPath. I'd like to use the dictionary count to return numberOfRowsInSection and info in the dictionary to populate each cell. Unfortunately, my code never gets beyond the init stage and the dictionary is empty so numberOfRowsInSection always returns zero. I thought I could create a class property, synthesize it and then set it. But it doesn't seem to want to retain the property's value. What am I doing wrong here? In the header .h: @interface FirstViewController:UIViewController <UITableViewDataSource, UITableViewDelegate, UITabBarControllerDelegate> { NSMutableDictionary *sectorDictionary; NSInteger sectorCount; } @property (nonatomic, retain) NSMutableDictionary *sectorDictionary; - (id)initWithData:(NSMutableDictionary*)data; @end in the implementation .m: - (id) testFunction:(NSMutableDictionary*)dictionary { NSLog(@"Count #1: %d", [dictionary count]); return nil; } - (id)initWithData:(NSMutableDictionary *)data { if (!(self=[super init])) { return nil; } [self testFunction:data]; // this is where I'd like to set a retained property self.sectorDictionary = data; return nil; } - (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section { NSLog(@"Count #2: %d", [self.sectorDictionary count]); return [self.sectorDictionary count]; } Output from NSLog: 2010-05-04 23:00:06.255 JSONApp[15890:207] Count #1: 9 2010-05-04 23:00:06.259 JSONApp[15890:207] Count #2: 0

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• Foreign Key Relationships

  - by Yehonathan Quartey

  I have two models class Subject(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100,choices=COURSE_CHOICES) created = models.DateTimeField('created', auto_now_add=True) modified = models.DateTimeField('modified', auto_now=True) syllabus = models.FileField(upload_to='syllabus') def __unicode__(self): return self.name and class Pastquestion(models.Model): subject=models.ForeignKey(Subject) year =models.PositiveIntegerField() questions = models.FileField(upload_to='pastquestions') def __unicode__(self): return str(self.year) Each Subject can have one or more past questions but a past question can have only one subject. I want to get a subject, and get its related past questions of a particular year. I was thinking of fetching a subject and getting its related past question. Currently am implementing my code such that I rather get the past question whose subject and year correspond to any specified subject like this_subject=Subject.objects.get(name=the_subject) thepastQ=Pastquestion.objects.get(year=2000,subject=this_subject) I was thinking there is a better way to do this. Or is this already a better way? Please Do tell ?

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• UITableView cell selection disabled and UITableViewHeader Enabled

  - by andyPaul

  I am adding a my header view to self.tableView.tableHeaderView=headerView; This tableView has 10 cells. I want to disable the cell Selection but, headerView touch events must be enabled. To achieve this I added the following code: self.tableView.userInteractionDisabled=YES; self.headerView.userInteractionDisabled=NO; self.headerView.exclusiveTouch=YES; Where I am wrong? Basic idea of implementation is , If headerView is enabled then cell selection is disabled and vice-versa.

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• Python OOP - object has no attribute

  - by user1744269

  I am attempting to learn how to program. I really do want to learn how to program; I love the building and design aspect of it. However, in Java and Python, I have tried and failed with programs as they pertain to objects, classes, methods.. I am trying to develop some code for a program, but im stumped. I know this is a simple error. However I am lost! I am hoping someone can guide me to a working program, but also help me learn (criticism is not only expected, but APPRECIATED). class Converter: def cTOf(self, numFrom): numFrom = self.numFrom numTo = (self.numFrom * (9/5)) + 32 print (str(numTo) + ' degrees Farenheit') return numTo def fTOc(self, numFrom): numFrom = self.numFrom numTo = ((numFrom - 32) * (5/9)) return numTo convert = Converter() numFrom = (float(input('Enter a number to convert.. '))) unitFrom = input('What unit would you like to convert from.. ') unitTo = input('What unit would you like to convert to.. ') if unitFrom == ('celcius'): convert.cTOf(numFrom) print(numTo) input('Please hit enter..') if unitFrom == ('farenheit'): convert.fTOc(numFrom) print(numTo) input('Please hit enter..')

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• python's `with` statement

  - by Prestel Nué

  Hi there, seems like I do not understand something with---the python with statement. Consider this class: class test(object): def __enter__(self): pass def __exit__(self, *ignored): pass now, when using it with with, like in with test() as michael: print repr(michael) I would expect some output like <test instance at memore blah>. But I get None. Something wrong here? Any suggestions would help. (I am using Python 2.6.6.) EDIT: Thanks to ephement for pointing me to the documentation. The __enter__ method should read def __enter__(self): return self

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• How To Draw line on touch event ?

  - by AJPatel

  Hey i m beginner of objective C Please Help me i make following code but not work..... -(void) touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject]; if ([touch view] == self.view) { CGPoint location = [touch locationInView:self.view]; loc1 = location; CGContextMoveToPoint(context, location.x, location.y); NSLog(@"x:%d y:%d At Touch Begain", loc1.x, loc1.y); } } - (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event { UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject]; if ([touch view] == self.view) { CGPoint location = [touch locationInView:self.view]; CGContextMoveToPoint(context, loc1.x, loc1.y); NSLog(@"x:%d y:%d At Touch Move", loc1.x, loc1.y); CGContextAddLineToPoint(context, location.x, location.y); NSLog(@"x:%d y:%d", location.x, location.y); } }

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• Getting the last member of a group on an intermediary M2M

  - by rh0dium

  If we look at the existing docs, what is the best way to get the last member added? This is similar to this but what I want to do is to be able to do this. group = Group.objects.get(id=1) group.get_last_member_added() #This is by ('-date_added') <Person: FOO> I think the best way is through a manager but how do you do this on an intermediary model? class Person(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=128) def __unicode__(self): return self.name class Group(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=128) members = models.ManyToManyField(Person, through='Membership') def __unicode__(self): return self.name class Membership(models.Model): person = models.ForeignKey(Person) group = models.ForeignKey(Group) date_joined = models.DateField() invite_reason = models.CharField(max_length=64)

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• Subclassing Cocoa means no subclass ivars in some cases?

  - by Michael

  The question is generally coming from self = [super init]. In case if I'm subclassing NSSomething and in my init's method self = [super init] returns object of different class, does it mean I am not able to have my very own ivars in my subclass, just because self will be pointing to different class? Appreciate if you could bring some examples if my statement is wrong.

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• How to take a layer's snapshot with mask layer?

  - by OpenThread

  I added a mask to UIView's layer: CGImageRef maskImageRef = [UIImage imageNamed:"Icon.png"].CGImage; CALayer maskLayer = [CALayer layer]; maskLayer.contents = (__bridge id)maskImageRef; self.layer.mask = maskLayer; Then I use this code to get snapshot from a UIView: [self.layer renderInContext:mainViewContentContext]; But the mask wasn't drawn. How to draw self.layer with mask? Special thx!

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• Timed selector never performed

  - by sudo rm -rf

  I've added an observer for my method: [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(closeViewAfterUpdating) name:@"labelUpdatedShouldReturn" object:nil]; Then my relevant methods: -(void)closeViewAfterUpdating; { NSLog(@"Part 1 called"); [self performSelector:@selector(closeViewAfterUpdating2) withObject:nil afterDelay:2.0]; } -(void)closeViewAfterUpdating2; { NSLog(@"Part 2 called"); [self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES]; } The only reason why I've split this method into two parts is so that I can have a delay before the method is fired. The problem is, the second method is never called. My NSLog output shows Part 1 called, but it never fires part 2. Any ideas? EDIT: I'm calling the notification from a background thread, does that make a difference by any chance? Here's how I'm creating my background thread: [NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(getWeather) toTarget:self withObject:nil]; and in getWeather I have: [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:@"updateZipLabel" object:textfield.text]; Also, calling: [self performSelector:@selector(closeViewAfterUpdating2) withObject:nil]; does work. EDITx2: I fixed it. Just needed to post the notification in my main thread and it worked just fine.

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• How to make sure an action completes before you continue

  - by HurkNburkS

  I am trying to close a UIView thats in one method from another method by calling it, The UIView closes fine but not untill after all of the processes are finished in the current method. I would like to know if there is a way to force the first thing to happen first (i.e. close UIviews) then continue the current method? This is what my method looks like - (void)selectDeselectAllPressed:(UIButton*)button { int id = button.tag; [SVProgressHUD showWithStatus:@"Updating" maskType:SVProgressHUDMaskTypeGradient]; [self displaySelected]; // removes current view so you can load hud will not be behind it if (id == 1) { [self selectAllD]; } else if (id == 2) { [self deselectAllD]; } else if (id == 3) { [self selectAllI]; } else if (id == 4) { [self deselectAllI]; } } as you can see what happens is this method is called when a button is pressed, I would like for the displaySelected method to do what it needs to do before any of the other methods are called? Currently what happes when i debug this is displaySelected method is called the thread walks through that then continues to the if statment then after the method in the if statment has finished then displaySelected changes are made... its so weird. any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• How do I filter values in a Django form using ModelForm?

  - by malandro95

  I am trying to use the ModelForm to add my data. It is working well, except that the ForeignKey dropdown list is showing all values and I only want it to display the values that a pertinent for the logged in user. Here is my model for ExcludedDate, the record I want to add: class ExcludedDate(models.Model): date = models.DateTimeField() reason = models.CharField(max_length=50) user = models.ForeignKey(User) category = models.ForeignKey(Category) recurring = models.ForeignKey(RecurringExclusion) def __unicode__(self): return self.reason Here is the model for the category, which is the table containing the relationship that I'd like to limit by user: class Category(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=False) def __unicode__(self): return self.name And finally, the form code: class ExcludedDateForm(ModelForm): class Meta: model = models.ExcludedDate exclude = ('user', 'recurring',) How do I get the form to display only the subset of categories where category.user equals the logged in user?

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• Calendar add() vs roll() when do we use it?

  - by Pentium10

  I know add() adds the specified (signed) amount of time to the given time field, based on the calendar's rules. And roll() adds the specified (signed) single unit of time on the given time field without changing larger fields. I can't think of an everyday usage of roll() I would do everything by add(). Can you help me out with examples when do we use roll() and when add()?

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• Why does gcc warn about incompatible struct assignment with a `self = [super initDesignatedInit];' c

  - by gavinbeatty

  I have the following base/derived class setup in Objective-C: @interface ASCIICodeBase : NSObject { @protected char code_[4]; } - (Base *)initWithASCIICode:(const char *)code; @end @implementation ASCIICodeBase - (ASCIICodeBase *)initWithCode:(const char *)code len:(size_t)len { if (len == 0 || len > 3) { return nil; } if (self = [super init]) { memset(code_, 0, 4); strncpy(code_, code, 3); } return self; } @end @interface CountryCode : ASCIICodeBase - (CountryCode *)initWithCode:(const char *)code; @end @implementation CountryCode - (CountryCode *)initWithCode:(const char *)code { size_t len = strlen(code); if (len != 2) { return nil; } self = [super initWithCode:code len:len]; // here return self; } @end On the line marked "here", I get the following gcc warning: warning: incompatible Objective-C types assigning 'struct ASCIICodeBase *', expected 'struct CurrencyCode *' Is there something wrong with this code or should I have the ASCIICodeBase return id? Or maybe use a cast on the "here" line?

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• How does Ruby's Array.| compare elements for equality?

  - by Max Howell

  Here's some example code: class Obj attr :c, true def == that p '==' that.c == self.c end def <=> that p '<=>' that.c <=> self.c end def equal? that p 'equal?' that.c.equal? self.c end def eql? that p 'eql?' that.c.eql? self.c end end a = Obj.new b = Obj.new a.c = 1 b.c = 1 p [a] | [b] It prints 2 objects but it should print 1 object. None of the comparison methods get called. How is Array.| comparing for equality?

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• Is there a way to update the height of a single UITableViewCell, without recalculating the height for every cell?

  - by Chris Vasselli

  I have a UITableView with a few different sections. One section contains cells that will resize as a user types text into a UITextView. Another section contains cells that render HTML content, for which calculating the height is relatively expensive. Right now when the user types into the UITextView, in order to get the table view to update the height of the cell, I call [self.tableView beginUpdates]; [self.tableView endUpdates]; However, this causes the table to recalculate the height of every cell in the table, when I really only need to update the single cell that was typed into. Not only that, but instead of recalculating the estimated height using tableView:estimatedHeightForRowAtIndexPath:, it calls tableView:heightForRowAtIndexPath: for every cell, even those not being displayed. Is there any way to ask the table view to update just the height of a single cell, without doing all of this unnecessary work? Update I'm still looking for a solution to this. As suggested, I've tried using reloadRowsAtIndexPaths:, but it doesn't look like this will work. Calling reloadRowsAtIndexPaths: with even a single row will still cause heightForRowAtIndexPath: to be called for every row, even though cellForRowAtIndexPath: will only be called for the row you requested. In fact, it looks like any time a row is inserted, deleted, or reloaded, heightForRowAtIndexPath: is called for every row in the table cell. I've also tried putting code in willDisplayCell:forRowAtIndexPath: to calculate the height just before a cell is going to appear. In order for this to work, I would need to force the table view to re-request the height for the row after I do the calculation. Unfortunately, calling [self.tableView beginUpdates]; [self.tableView endUpdates]; from willDisplayCell:forRowAtIndexPath: causes an index out of bounds exception deep in UITableView's internal code. I guess they don't expect us to do this. I can't help but feel like it's a bug in the SDK that in response to [self.tableView endUpdates] it doesn't call estimatedHeightForRowAtIndexPath: for cells that aren't visible, but I'm still trying to find some kind of workaround. Any help is appreciated.

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• EM12c Release 4: Database as a Service Enhancements

  - by Adeesh Fulay

  Oracle Enterprise Manager 12.1.0.4 (or simply put EM12c R4) is the latest update to the product. As previous versions, this release provides tons of enhancements and bug fixes, attributing to improved stability and quality. One of the areas that is most exciting and has seen tremendous growth in the last few years is that of Database as a Service. EM12c R4 provides a significant update to Database as a Service. The key themes are: Comprehensive Database Service Catalog (includes single instance, RAC, and Data Guard) Additional Storage Options for Snap Clone (includes support for Database feature CloneDB) Improved Rapid Start Kits Extensible Metering and Chargeback Miscellaneous Enhancements 1. Comprehensive Database Service Catalog Before we get deep into implementation of a service catalog, lets first understand what it is and what benefits it provides. Per ITIL, a service catalog is an exhaustive list of IT services that an organization provides or offers to its employees or customers. Service catalogs have been widely popular in the space of cloud computing, primarily as the medium to provide standardized and pre-approved service definitions. There is already some good collateral out there that talks about Oracle database service catalogs. The two whitepapers i recommend reading are: Service Catalogs: Defining Standardized Database Service High Availability Best Practices for Database Consolidation: The Foundation for Database as a Service [Oracle MAA] EM12c comes with an out-of-the-box service catalog and self service portal since release 1. For the customers, it provides the following benefits: Present a collection of standardized database service definitions, Define standardized pools of hardware and software for provisioning, Role based access to cater to different class of users, Automated procedures to provision the predefined database definitions, Setup chargeback plans based on service tiers and database configuration sizes, etc Starting Release 4, the scope of services offered via the service catalog has been expanded to include databases with varying levels of availability - Single Instance (SI) or Real Application Clusters (RAC) databases with multiple data guard based standby databases. Some salient points of the data guard integration: Standby pools can now be defined across different datacenters or within the same datacenter as the primary (this helps in modelling the concept of near and far DR sites) The standby databases can be single instance, RAC, or RAC One Node databases Multiple standby databases can be provisioned, where the maximum limit is determined by the version of database software The standby databases can be in either mount or read only (requires active data guard option) mode All database versions 10g to 12c supported (as certified with EM 12c) All 3 protection modes can be used - Maximum availability, performance, security Log apply can be set to sync or async along with the required apply lag The different service levels or service tiers are popularly represented using metals - Platinum, Gold, Silver, Bronze, and so on. The Oracle MAA whitepaper (referenced above) calls out the various service tiers as defined by Oracle's best practices, but customers can choose any logical combinations from the table below:  Primary  Standby [1 or more]  EM 12cR4  SI  -  SI  SI  RAC -  RAC SI  RAC RAC  RON -  RON RON where RON = RAC One Node is supported via custom post-scripts in the service template A sample service catalog would look like the image below. Here we have defined 4 service levels, which have been deployed across 2 data centers, and have 3 standardized sizes. Again, it is important to note that this is just an example to get the creative juices flowing. I imagine each customer would come up with their own catalog based on the application requirements, their RTO/RPO goals, and the product licenses they own. In the screenwatch titled 'Build Service Catalog using EM12c DBaaS', I walk through the complete steps required to setup this sample service catalog in EM12c. 2. Additional Storage Options for Snap Clone In my previous blog posts, i have described the snap clone feature in detail. Essentially, it provides a storage agnostic, self service, rapid, and space efficient approach to solving your data cloning problems. The net benefit is that you get incredible amounts of storage savings (on average 90%) all while cloning databases in a matter of minutes. Space and Time, two things enterprises would love to save on. This feature has been designed with the goal of providing data cloning capabilities while protecting your existing investments in server, storage, and software. With this in mind, we have pursued with the dual solution approach of Hardware and Software. In the hardware approach, we connect directly to your storage appliances and perform all low level actions required to rapidly clone your databases. While in the software approach, we use an intermediate software layer to talk to any storage vendor or any storage configuration to perform the same low level actions. Thus delivering the benefits of database thin cloning, without requiring you to drastically changing the infrastructure or IT's operating style. In release 4, we expand the scope of options supported by snap clone with the addition of database CloneDB. While CloneDB is not a new feature, it was first introduced in 11.2.0.2 patchset, it has over the years become more stable and mature. CloneDB leverages a combination of Direct NFS (or dNFS) feature of the database, RMAN image copies, sparse files, and copy-on-write technology to create thin clones of databases from existing backups in a matter of minutes. It essentially has all the traits that we want to present to our customers via the snap clone feature. For more information on cloneDB, i highly recommend reading the following sources: Blog by Tim Hall: Direct NFS (DNFS) CloneDB in Oracle Database 11g Release 2 Oracle OpenWorld Presentation by Cern: Efficient Database Cloning using Direct NFS and CloneDB The advantages of the new CloneDB integration with EM12c Snap Clone are: Space and time savings Ease of setup - no additional software is required other than the Oracle database binary Works on all platforms Reduce the dependence on storage administrators Cloning process fully orchestrated by EM12c, and delivered to developers/DBAs/QA Testers via the self service portal Uses dNFS to delivers better performance, availability, and scalability over kernel NFS Complete lifecycle of the clones managed by EM12c - performance, configuration, etc 3. Improved Rapid Start Kits DBaaS deployments tend to be complex and its setup requires a series of steps. These steps are typically performed across different users and different UIs. The Rapid Start Kit provides a single command solution to setup Database as a Service (DBaaS) and Pluggable Database as a Service (PDBaaS). One command creates all the Cloud artifacts like Roles, Administrators, Credentials, Database Profiles, PaaS Infrastructure Zone, Database Pools and Service Templates. Once the Rapid Start Kit has been successfully executed, requests can be made to provision databases and PDBs from the self service portal. Rapid start kit can create complex topologies involving multiple zones, pools and service templates. It also supports standby databases and use of RMAN image backups. The Rapid Start Kit in reality is a simple emcli script which takes a bunch of xml files as input and executes the complete automation in a matter of seconds. On a full rack Exadata, it took only 40 seconds to setup PDBaaS end-to-end. This kit works for both Oracle's engineered systems like Exadata, SuperCluster, etc and also on commodity hardware. One can draw parallel to the Exadata One Command script, which again takes a bunch of inputs from the administrators and then runs a simple script that configures everything from network to provisioning the DB software. Steps to use the kit: The kit can be found under the SSA plug-in directory on the OMS: EM_BASE/oracle/MW/plugins/oracle.sysman.ssa.oms.plugin_12.1.0.8.0/dbaas/setup It can be run from this default location or from any server which has emcli client installed For most scenarios, you would use the script dbaas/setup/database_cloud_setup.py For Exadata, special integration is provided to reduce the number of inputs even further. The script to use for this scenario would be dbaas/setup/exadata_cloud_setup.py The database_cloud_setup.py script takes two inputs: Cloud boundary xml: This file defines the cloud topology in terms of the zones and pools along with host names, oracle home locations or container database names that would be used as infrastructure for provisioning database services. This file is optional in case of Exadata, as the boundary is well know via the Exadata system target available in EM. Input xml: This file captures inputs for users, roles, profiles, service templates, etc. Essentially, all inputs required to define the DB services and other settings of the self service portal. Once all the xml files have been prepared, invoke the script as follows for PDBaaS: emcli @database_cloud_setup.py -pdbaas -cloud_boundary=/tmp/my_boundary.xml -cloud_input=/tmp/pdb_inputs.xml          The script will prompt for passwords a few times for key users like sysman, cloud admin, SSA admin, etc. Once complete, you can simply log into EM as the self service user and request for databases from the portal. More information available in the Rapid Start Kit chapter in Cloud Administration Guide.  4. Extensible Metering and Chargeback  Last but not the least, Metering and Chargeback in release 4 has been made extensible in all possible regards. The new extensibility features allow customer, partners, system integrators, etc to : Extend chargeback to any target type managed in EM Promote any metric in EM as a chargeback entity Extend list of charge items via metric or configuration extensions Model abstract entities like no. of backup requests, job executions, support requests, etc  A slew of emcli verbs have also been added that allows administrators to create, edit, delete, import/export charge plans, and assign cost centers all via the command line. More information available in the Chargeback API chapter in Cloud Administration Guide. 5. Miscellaneous Enhancements There are other miscellaneous, yet important, enhancements that are worth a mention. These mostly have been asked by customers like you. These are: Custom naming of DB Services Self service users can provide custom names for DB SID, DB service, schemas, and tablespaces Every custom name is validated for uniqueness in EM 'Create like' of Service Templates Now creating variants of a service template is only a click away. This would be vital when you publish service templates to represent different database sizes or service levels. Profile viewer View the details of a profile like datafile, control files, snapshot ids, export/import files, etc prior to its selection in the service template Cleanup automation - for failed and successful requests Single emcli command to cleanup all remnant artifacts of a failed request Cleanup can be performed on a per request bases or by the entire pool As an extension, you can also delete successful requests Improved delete user workflow Allows administrators to reassign cloud resources to another user or delete all of them Support for multiple tablespaces for schema as a service In addition to multiple schemas, user can also specify multiple tablespaces per request I hope this was a good introduction to the new Database as a Service enhancements in EM12c R4. I encourage you to explore many of these new and existing features and give us feedback. Good luck! References: Cloud Management Page on OTN Cloud Administration Guide [Documentation] -- Adeesh Fulay (@adeeshf)

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• VS 2010 SP1 (Beta) and IIS Express

  - by ScottGu

  Last month we released the VS 2010 Service Pack 1 (SP1) Beta.  You can learn more about the VS 2010 SP1 Beta from Jason Zander’s two blog posts about it, and from Scott Hanselman’s blog post that covers some of the new capabilities enabled with it.  You can download and install the VS 2010 SP1 Beta here. IIS Express Earlier this summer I blogged about IIS Express.  IIS Express is a free version of IIS 7.5 that is optimized for developer scenarios.  We think it combines the ease of use of the ASP.NET Web Server (aka Cassini) currently built-into VS today with the full power of IIS.  Specifically: It’s lightweight and easy to install (less than 5Mb download and a quick install) It does not require an administrator account to run/debug applications from Visual Studio It enables a full web-server feature set – including SSL, URL Rewrite, and other IIS 7.x modules It supports and enables the same extensibility model and web.config file settings that IIS 7.x support It can be installed side-by-side with the full IIS web server as well as the ASP.NET Development Server (they do not conflict at all) It works on Windows XP and higher operating systems – giving you a full IIS 7.x developer feature-set on all Windows OS platforms IIS Express (like the ASP.NET Development Server) can be quickly launched to run a site from a directory on disk.  It does not require any registration/configuration steps. This makes it really easy to launch and run for development scenarios. Visual Studio 2010 SP1 adds support for IIS Express – and you can start to take advantage of this starting with last month’s VS 2010 SP1 Beta release. Downloading and Installing IIS Express IIS Express isn’t included as part of the VS 2010 SP1 Beta.  Instead it is a separate ~4MB download which you can download and install using this link (it uses WebPI to install it).  Once IIS Express is installed, VS 2010 SP1 will enable some additional IIS Express commands and dialog options that allow you to easily use it. Enabling IIS Express for Existing Projects Visual Studio today defaults to using the built-in ASP.NET Development Server (aka Cassini) when running ASP.NET Projects: Converting your existing projects to use IIS Express is really easy.  You can do this by opening up the project properties dialog of an existing project, and then by clicking the “web” tab within it and selecting the “Use IIS Express” checkbox. Or even simpler, just right-click on your existing project, and select the “Use IIS Express…” menu command: And now when you run or debug your project you’ll see that IIS Express now starts up and runs automatically as your web-server: You can optionally right-click on the IIS Express icon within your system tray to see/browse all of sites and applications running on it: Note that if you ever want to revert back to using the ASP.NET Development Server you can do this by right-clicking the project again and then select the “Use Visual Studio Development Server” option (or go into the project properties, click the web tab, and uncheck IIS Express).  This will revert back to the ASP.NET Development Server the next time you run the project. IIS Express Properties Visual Studio 2010 SP1 exposes several new IIS Express configuration options that you couldn’t previously set with the ASP.NET Development Server.  Some of these are exposed via the property grid of your project (select the project node in the solution explorer and then change them via the property window): For example, enabling something like SSL support (which is not possible with the ASP.NET Development Server) can now be done simply by changing the “SSL Enabled” property to “True”: Once this is done IIS Express will expose both an HTTP and HTTPS endpoint for the project that we can use: SSL Self Signed Certs IIS Express ships with a self-signed SSL cert that it installs as part of setup – which removes the need for you to install your own certificate to use SSL during development.  Once you change the above drop-down to enable SSL, you’ll be able to browse to your site with the appropriate https:// URL prefix and it will connect via SSL. One caveat with self-signed certificates, though, is that browsers (like IE) will go out of their way to warn you that they aren’t to be trusted: You can mark the certificate as trusted to avoid seeing dialogs like this – or just keep the certificate un-trusted and press the “continue” button when the browser warns you not to trust your local web server. Additional IIS Settings IIS Express uses its own per-user ApplicationHost.config file to configure default server behavior.  Because it is per-user, it can be configured by developers who do not have admin credentials – unlike the full IIS.  You can customize all IIS features and settings via it if you want ultimate server customization (for example: to use your own certificates for SSL instead of self-signed ones). We recommend storing all app specific settings for IIS and ASP.NET within the web.config file which is part of your project – since that makes deploying apps easier (since the settings can be copied with the application content).  IIS (since IIS 7) no longer uses the metabase, and instead uses the same web.config configuration files that ASP.NET has always supported – which makes xcopy/ftp based deployment much easier. Making IIS Express your Default Web Server Above we looked at how we can convert existing sites that use the ASP.NET Developer Web Server to instead use IIS Express.  You can configure Visual Studio to use IIS Express as the default web server for all new projects by clicking the Tools->Options menu  command and opening up the Projects and Solutions->Web Projects node with the Options dialog: Clicking the “Use IIS Express for new file-based web site and projects” checkbox will cause Visual Studio to use it for all new web site and projects. Summary We think IIS Express makes it even easier to build, run and test web applications.  It works with all versions of ASP.NET and supports all ASP.NET application types (including obviously both ASP.NET Web Forms and ASP.NET MVC applications).  Because IIS Express is based on the IIS 7.5 codebase, you have a full web-server feature-set that you can use.  This means you can build and run your applications just like they’ll work on a real production web-server.  In addition to supporting ASP.NET, IIS Express also supports Classic ASP and other file-types and extensions supported by IIS – which also makes it ideal for sites that combine a variety of different technologies. Best of all – you do not need to change any code to take advantage of it.  As you can see above, updating existing Visual Studio web projects to use it is trivial.  You can begin to take advantage of IIS Express today using the VS 2010 SP1 Beta. Hope this helps, Scott

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• Cisco 881 losing NAT NVI translation config after reload

  - by MasterRoot24

  This is a weird one, so I'll try to explain in as much detail as I can so I'm giving the whole picture. As I've mentioned in my other questions, I'm in the process of setting up a new Cisco 881 as my WAN router and NAT firewall. I'm facing an issue where NAT NVI rules that I have configured are not enabled after a reload of the router, regardless of the fact that they are present in the startup-config. In order to clarify this a little, here's the relevant section of my current running-config: Router1#show running-config | include nat source ip nat source list 1 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source list 2 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 1723 interface FastEthernet4 1723 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 80 interface FastEthernet4 80 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 443 interface FastEthernet4 443 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 25 interface FastEthernet4 25 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 587 interface FastEthernet4 587 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 143 interface FastEthernet4 143 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 993 interface FastEthernet4 993 ...and here's the mappings 'in action': Router1#show ip nat nvi translations | include --- tcp <WAN IP>:25 192.168.1.x:25 --- --- tcp <WAN IP>:80 192.168.1.x:80 --- --- tcp <WAN IP>:143 192.168.1.x:143 --- --- tcp <WAN IP>:443 192.168.1.x:443 --- --- tcp <WAN IP>:587 192.168.1.x:587 --- --- tcp <WAN IP>:993 192.168.1.x:993 --- --- tcp <WAN IP>:1723 192.168.1.x:1723 --- --- ...and here's proof that the mappings are saved to startup-config: Router1#show startup-config | include nat source ip nat source list 1 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source list 2 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 1723 interface FastEthernet4 1723 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 80 interface FastEthernet4 80 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 443 interface FastEthernet4 443 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 25 interface FastEthernet4 25 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 587 interface FastEthernet4 587 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 143 interface FastEthernet4 143 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 993 interface FastEthernet4 993 However, look what happens after a reload of the router: Router1#reload Proceed with reload? [confirm]Connection to router closed by remote host. Connection to router closed. $ ssh joe@router Password: Authorized Access only Router1>en Password: Router1#show ip nat nvi translations | include --- Router1# Router1#show ip nat translations | include --- tcp 188.222.181.173:25 192.168.1.2:25 --- --- tcp 188.222.181.173:80 192.168.1.2:80 --- --- tcp 188.222.181.173:143 192.168.1.2:143 --- --- tcp 188.222.181.173:443 192.168.1.2:443 --- --- tcp 188.222.181.173:587 192.168.1.2:587 --- --- tcp 188.222.181.173:993 192.168.1.2:993 --- --- tcp 188.222.181.173:1723 192.168.1.2:1723 --- --- Router1# Here's proof that the running config should have the mappings setup as NVI: Router1#show running-config | include nat source ip nat source list 1 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source list 2 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 1723 interface FastEthernet4 1723 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 80 interface FastEthernet4 80 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 443 interface FastEthernet4 443 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 25 interface FastEthernet4 25 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 587 interface FastEthernet4 587 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 143 interface FastEthernet4 143 ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 993 interface FastEthernet4 993 At this point, the mappings are not working (inbound connections from WAN on the HTTP/IMAP fail). I presume that this is because my interfaces are using ip nat enable for use with NVI mappings, instead of ip nat inside/outside. So, I re-apply the mappings: Router1#configure ter Router1#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router1(config)#ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 1723 interface FastEthernet4 1723 Router1(config)#ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 80 interface FastEthernet4 80 Router1(config)#ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 443 interface FastEthernet4 443 Router1(config)#ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 25 interface FastEthernet4 25 Router1(config)#ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 587 interface FastEthernet4 587 Router1(config)#ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 143 interface FastEthernet4 143 Router1(config)#ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.2 993 interface FastEthernet4 993 Router1(config)#end ... then they show up correctly: Router1#show ip nat nvi translations | include --- tcp 188.222.181.173:25 192.168.1.2:25 --- --- tcp 188.222.181.173:80 192.168.1.2:80 --- --- tcp 188.222.181.173:143 192.168.1.2:143 --- --- tcp 188.222.181.173:443 192.168.1.2:443 --- --- tcp 188.222.181.173:587 192.168.1.2:587 --- --- tcp 188.222.181.173:993 192.168.1.2:993 --- --- tcp 188.222.181.173:1723 192.168.1.2:1723 --- --- Router1# Router1#show ip nat translations | include --- Router1# ... furthermore, now from both WAN and LAN, the services mapped above now work until the next reload. All of the above is required every time I have to reload the router (which is all too often at the moment :-( ). Here's my full current config: ! ! Last configuration change at 20:20:15 UTC Tue Dec 11 2012 by xxx version 15.2 no service pad service timestamps debug datetime msec service timestamps log datetime msec service password-encryption ! hostname xxx ! boot-start-marker boot-end-marker ! ! enable secret 4 xxxx ! aaa new-model ! ! aaa authentication login local_auth local ! ! ! ! ! aaa session-id common ! memory-size iomem 10 ! crypto pki trustpoint TP-self-signed-xxx enrollment selfsigned subject-name cn=IOS-Self-Signed-Certificate-xxx revocation-check none rsakeypair TP-self-signed-xxx ! ! crypto pki certificate chain TP-self-signed-xxx certificate self-signed 01 xxx quit ip gratuitous-arps ip auth-proxy max-login-attempts 5 ip admission max-login-attempts 5 ! ! ! ! ! ip domain list dmz.xxx.local ip domain list xxx.local ip domain name dmz.xxx.local ip name-server 192.168.1.x ip cef login block-for 3 attempts 3 within 3 no ipv6 cef ! ! multilink bundle-name authenticated license udi pid CISCO881-SEC-K9 sn xxx ! ! username admin privilege 15 secret 4 xxx username joe secret 4 xxx ! ! ! ! ! ip ssh time-out 60 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! interface FastEthernet0 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet1 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet2 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet3 switchport access vlan 2 no ip address ! interface FastEthernet4 ip address dhcp ip access-group 101 in ip nat enable duplex auto speed auto ! interface Vlan1 ip address 192.168.1.x 255.255.255.0 no ip redirects no ip unreachables no ip proxy-arp ip nat enable ! interface Vlan2 ip address 192.168.0.x 255.255.255.0 ! ip forward-protocol nd ip http server ip http access-class 1 ip http authentication local ip http secure-server ! ! ip nat source list 1 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source list 2 interface FastEthernet4 overload ip nat source static tcp 192.168.1.x 1723 interface FastEthernet4 1723 ! ! access-list 1 permit 192.168.0.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 2 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 101 permit udp 193.x.x.0 0.0.0.255 any eq 5060 access-list 101 deny udp any any eq 5060 access-list 101 permit ip any any ! ! ! ! control-plane ! ! banner motd Authorized Access only ! line con 0 exec-timeout 15 0 login authentication local_auth line aux 0 exec-timeout 15 0 login authentication local_auth line vty 0 4 access-class 2 in login authentication local_auth length 0 transport input all ! ! end I'd appreciate it greatly if anyone can help me find out why these mappings are not setup correctly using the saved config after a reload.

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• Objective-C Moving UIView along a curved path

  - by PruitIgoe

  I'm not sure if I am approaching this the correct way. In my app, when a user touches the screen I capture the point and create an arc from a fixed point to that touch point. I then want to move a UIView along that arc. Here's my code: ViewController.m //method to "shoot" object - KIP_Projectile creates the arc, KIP_Character creates the object I want to move along the arc ... //get arc for trajectory KIP_Projectile* vThisProjectile = [[KIP_Projectile alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(51.0, fatElvisCenterPoint-30.0, touchPoint.x, 60.0)]; vThisProjectile.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor]; [self.view addSubview:vThisProjectile]; ... KIP_Character* thisChar = [[KIP_Character alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(51, objCenterPoint-5, imgThisChar.size.width, imgThisChar.size.height)]; thisChar.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor]; thisChar.charID = charID; thisChar.charType = 2; thisChar.strCharType = @"Projectile"; thisChar.imgMyImage = imgThisChar; thisChar.myArc = vThisProjectile; [thisChar buildImage]; [thisChar traceArc]; in KIP_Projectile I build the arc using this code: - (CGMutablePathRef) createArcPathFromBottomOfRect : (CGRect) rect : (CGFloat) arcHeight { CGRect arcRect = CGRectMake(rect.origin.x, rect.origin.y + rect.size.height - arcHeight, rect.size.width, arcHeight); CGFloat arcRadius = (arcRect.size.height/2) + (pow(arcRect.size.width, 2) / (8*arcRect.size.height)); CGPoint arcCenter = CGPointMake(arcRect.origin.x + arcRect.size.width/2, arcRect.origin.y + arcRadius); CGFloat angle = acos(arcRect.size.width / (2*arcRadius)); CGFloat startAngle = radians(180) + angle; CGFloat endAngle = radians(360) - angle; CGMutablePathRef path = CGPathCreateMutable(); CGPathAddArc(path, NULL, arcCenter.x, arcCenter.y, arcRadius, startAngle, endAngle, 0); return path; } - (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect { CGContextRef currentContext = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(); _myArcPath = [self createArcPathFromBottomOfRect:self.bounds:30.0]; CGContextSetLineWidth(currentContext, 1); CGFloat red[4] = {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}; CGContextSetStrokeColor(currentContext, red); CGContextAddPath(currentContext, _myArcPath); CGContextStrokePath(currentContext); } Works fine. The arc is displayed with a red stroke on the screen. In KIP_Character, which has been passed it's relevant arc, I am using this code but getting no results. - (void) traceArc { CGMutablePathRef myArc = _myArc.myArcPath; // Set up path movement CAKeyframeAnimation *pathAnimation = [CAKeyframeAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"position"]; pathAnimation.calculationMode = kCAAnimationPaced; pathAnimation.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards; pathAnimation.removedOnCompletion = NO; pathAnimation.path = myArc; CGPathRelease(myArc); [self.layer addAnimation:pathAnimation forKey:@"savingAnimation"]; } Any help here would be appreciated.

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• New Features and Changes in OIM11gR2

  - by Abhishek Tripathi

  WEB CONSOLEs in OIM 11gR2 ** In 11gR1 there were 3 Admin Web Consoles : ·         Self Service Console ·         Administration Console and ·         Advanced Administration Console accessible Whereas in OIM 11gR2 , Self Service and Administration Console have are now combined and now called as Identity Self Service Console http://host:port/identity  This console has 3 features in it for managing self profile (My Profile), Managing Requests like requesting for App Instances and Approving requests (Requests) and General Administration tasks of creating/managing users, roles, organization, attestation etc (Administration) ** In OIM 11gR2 – new console sysadmin has been added Administrators which includes some of the design console functions apart from general administrations features. http://host:port/sysadmin   Application Instances Application instance is the object that is to be provisioned to a user. Application Instances are checked out in the catalog and user can request for application instances via catalog. ·         In OIM 11gR2 resources and entitlements are bundled in Application Instance which user can select and request from catalog.  ·         Application instance is a combination of IT Resource and RO. So, you cannot create another App Instance with the same RO & IT Resource if it already exists for some other App Instance. One of these ( RO or IT Resource) must have a different name. ·         If you want that users of a particular Organization should be able to request for an Application instances through catalog then App Instances must be attached to that particular Organization. ·         Application instance can be associated with multiple organizations. ·         An application instance can also have entitlements associated with it. Entitlement can include Roles/Groups or Responsibility. ·         Application Instance are published to the catalog by a scheduled task “Catalog Synchronization Job” ·         Application Instance can have child/ parent application instance where child application instance inherits all attributes of parent application instance. Important point to remember with Application Instance If you delete the application Instance in OIM 11gR2 and create a new one with the same name, OIM will not allow doing so. It throws error saying Application Instance already exists with same Resource Object and IT resource. This is because there is still some reference that is not removed in OIM for deleted application Instance.  So to completely delete your application Instance from OIM, you must: 1. Delete the app Instance from sysadmin console. 2. Run the App Instance Post Delete Processing Job in Revoke/Delete mode. 3. Run the Catalog Synchronization job. Once done, you should be able to create a new App instance with the previous RO & IT Resouce name.   Catalog  Catalog allows users to request Roles, Application Instance, and Entitlements in an Application. Catalog Items – Roles, Application Instance and Entitlements that can be requested via catalog are called as catalog items. Detailed Information ( attributes of Catalog item)  Category – Each catalog item is associated with one and only one category. Catalog Administrators can provide a value for catalog item. ·         Tags – are search keywords helpful in searching Catalog. When users search the Catalog, the search is performed against the tags. To define a tag, go to Catalog->Search the resource-> select the resource-> update the tag field with custom search keyword. Tags are of three types: a) Auto-generated Tags: The Catalog synchronization process auto-tags the Catalog Item using the Item Type, Item Name and Item Display Name b) User-defined Tags: User-defined Tags are additional keywords entered by the Catalog Administrator. c) Arbitrary Tags: While defining a metadata if user has marked that metadata as searchable, then that will also be part of tags.   Sandbox  Sanbox is a new feature introduced in OIM11gR2. This serves as a temporary development environment for UI customizations so that they don’t affect other users before they are published and linked to existing OIM UI. All UI customizations should be done inside a sandbox, this ensures that your changes/modifications don’t affect other users until you have finalized the changes and customization is complete. Once UI customization is completed, the Sandbox must be published for the customizations to be merged into existing UI and available to other users. Creating and activating a sandbox is mandatory for customizing the UI by .Without an active sandbox, OIM does not allow to customize any page. a)      Before you perform any activity in OIM (like Create/Modify Forms, Custom Attribute, creating application instances, adding roles/attributes to catalog) you must create a Sand Box and activate it. b)      One can create multiple sandboxes in OIM but only one sandbox can be active at any given time. c)      You can export/import the sandbox to move the changes from one environment to the other. Creating Sandbox To create sandbox, login to identity manager self service (/identity) or System Administration (/sysadmin) and click on top right of link “Sandboxes” and then click on Create SandBox. Publishing Sandbox Before you publish a sandbox, it is recommended to backup MDS. Use /EM to backup MDS by following the steps below : Creating MDS Backup 1.      Login to Oracle Enterprise Manager as the administrator. 2.      On the landing page, click oracle.iam.console.identity.self-service.ear(V2.0). 3.      From the Application Deployment menu at the top, select MDS configuration. 4.      Under Export, select the Export metadata documents to an archive on the machine where this web browser is running option, and then click Export. All the metadata is exported in a ZIP file.   Creating Password Policy through Admin Console : In 11gR1 and previous versions password policies could be created & applied via OIM Design Console only. From OIM11gR2 onwards, Password Policies can be created and assigned using Admin Console as well.  

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• How to refactor a Python “god class”?

  - by Zearin

  Problem I’m working on a Python project whose main class is a bit “God Object”. There are so friggin’ many attributes and methods! I want to refactor the class. So Far… For the first step, I want to do something relatively simple; but when I tried the most straightforward approach, it broke some tests and existing examples. Basically, the class has a loooong list of attributes—but I can clearly look over them and think, “These 5 attributes are related…These 8 are also related…and then there’s the rest.” getattr I basically just wanted to group the related attributes into a dict-like helper class. I had a feeling __getattr__ would be ideal for the job. So I moved the attributes to a separate class, and, sure enough, __getattr__ worked its magic perfectly well… At first. But then I tried running one of the examples. The example subclass tries to set one of these attributes directly (at the class level). But since the attribute was no longer “physically located” in the parent class, I got an error saying that the attribute did not exist. @property I then read up about the @property decorator. But then I also read that it creates problems for subclasses that want to do self.x = blah when x is a property of the parent class. Desired Have all client code continue to work using self.whatever, even if the parent’s whatever property is not “physically located” in the class (or instance) itself. Group related attributes into dict-like containers. Reduce the extreme noisiness of the code in the main class. For example, I don’t simply want to change this: larry = 2 curly = 'abcd' moe = self.doh() Into this: larry = something_else('larry') curly = something_else('curly') moe = yet_another_thing.moe() …because that’s still noisy. Although that successfully makes a simply attribute into something that can manage the data, the original had 3 variables and the tweaked version still has 3 variables. However, I would be fine with something like this: stooges = Stooges() And if a lookup for self.larry fails, something would check stooges and see if larry is there. (But it must also work if a subclass tries to do larry = 'blah' at the class level.) Summary Want to replace related groups of attributes in a parent class with a single attribute that stores all the data elsewhere Want to work with existing client code that uses (e.g.) larry = 'blah' at the class level Want to continue to allow subclasses to extend, override, and modify these refactored attributes without knowing anything has changed Is this possible? Or am I barking up the wrong tree?

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• What are the design decisions involved in choosing how to expose a Java web application?

  - by Gary Rowe

  There are many ways to expose a Java web application to the consumer: application container (JBoss etc), servlet container (Tomcat etc), OSGi (Knopflerfish etc), self-executable WAR (Winstone etc) and so on. Are there any clear considerations where one approach should be favoured over another? As an example, could a collection of self-executable WARs running as raw Unix processes outperform the same applications deployed within Tomcat taking into account administration and scalability concerns?

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• Set Context User Principal for Customized Authentication in SignalR

  - by Shaun

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/shaunxu/archive/2014/05/27/set-context-user-principal-for-customized-authentication-in-signalr.aspxCurrently I'm working on a single page application project which is built on AngularJS and ASP.NET WebAPI. When I need to implement some features that needs real-time communication and push notifications from server side I decided to use SignalR. SignalR is a project currently developed by Microsoft to build web-based, read-time communication application. You can find it here. With a lot of introductions and guides it's not a difficult task to use SignalR with ASP.NET WebAPI and AngularJS. I followed this and this even though it's based on SignalR 1. But when I tried to implement the authentication for my SignalR I was struggled 2 days and finally I got a solution by myself. This might not be the best one but it actually solved all my problem.   In many articles it's said that you don't need to worry about the authentication of SignalR since it uses the web application authentication. For example if your web application utilizes form authentication, SignalR will use the user principal your web application authentication module resolved, check if the principal exist and authenticated. But in my solution my ASP.NET WebAPI, which is hosting SignalR as well, utilizes OAuth Bearer authentication. So when the SignalR connection was established the context user principal was empty. So I need to authentication and pass the principal by myself.   Firstly I need to create a class which delivered from "AuthorizeAttribute", that will takes the responsible for authenticate when SignalR connection established and any method was invoked. 1: public class QueryStringBearerAuthorizeAttribute : AuthorizeAttribute 2: { 3: public override bool AuthorizeHubConnection(HubDescriptor hubDescriptor, IRequest request) 4: { 5: } 6:  7: public override bool AuthorizeHubMethodInvocation(IHubIncomingInvokerContext hubIncomingInvokerContext, bool appliesToMethod) 8: { 9: } 10: } The method "AuthorizeHubConnection" will be invoked when any SignalR connection was established. And here I'm going to retrieve the Bearer token from query string, try to decrypt and recover the login user's claims. 1: public override bool AuthorizeHubConnection(HubDescriptor hubDescriptor, IRequest request) 2: { 3: var dataProtectionProvider = new DpapiDataProtectionProvider(); 4: var secureDataFormat = new TicketDataFormat(dataProtectionProvider.Create()); 5: // authenticate by using bearer token in query string 6: var token = request.QueryString.Get(WebApiConfig.AuthenticationType); 7: var ticket = secureDataFormat.Unprotect(token); 8: if (ticket != null && ticket.Identity != null && ticket.Identity.IsAuthenticated) 9: { 10: // set the authenticated user principal into environment so that it can be used in the future 11: request.Environment["server.User"] = new ClaimsPrincipal(ticket.Identity); 12: return true; 13: } 14: else 15: { 16: return false; 17: } 18: } In the code above I created "TicketDataFormat" instance, which must be same as the one I used to generate the Bearer token when user logged in. Then I retrieve the token from request query string and unprotect it. If I got a valid ticket with identity and it's authenticated this means it's a valid token. Then I pass the user principal into request's environment property which can be used in nearly future. Since my website was built in AngularJS so the SignalR client was in pure JavaScript, and it's not support to set customized HTTP headers in SignalR JavaScript client, I have to pass the Bearer token through request query string. This is not a restriction of SignalR, but a restriction of WebSocket. For security reason WebSocket doesn't allow client to set customized HTTP headers from browser. Next, I need to implement the authentication logic in method "AuthorizeHubMethodInvocation" which will be invoked when any SignalR method was invoked. 1: public override bool AuthorizeHubMethodInvocation(IHubIncomingInvokerContext hubIncomingInvokerContext, bool appliesToMethod) 2: { 3: var connectionId = hubIncomingInvokerContext.Hub.Context.ConnectionId; 4: // check the authenticated user principal from environment 5: var environment = hubIncomingInvokerContext.Hub.Context.Request.Environment; 6: var principal = environment["server.User"] as ClaimsPrincipal; 7: if (principal != null && principal.Identity != null && principal.Identity.IsAuthenticated) 8: { 9: // create a new HubCallerContext instance with the principal generated from token 10: // and replace the current context so that in hubs we can retrieve current user identity 11: hubIncomingInvokerContext.Hub.Context = new HubCallerContext(new ServerRequest(environment), connectionId); 12: return true; 13: } 14: else 15: { 16: return false; 17: } 18: } Since I had passed the user principal into request environment in previous method, I can simply check if it exists and valid. If so, what I need is to pass the principal into context so that SignalR hub can use. Since the "User" property is all read-only in "hubIncomingInvokerContext", I have to create a new "ServerRequest" instance with principal assigned, and set to "hubIncomingInvokerContext.Hub.Context". After that, we can retrieve the principal in my Hubs through "Context.User" as below. 1: public class DefaultHub : Hub 2: { 3: public object Initialize(string host, string service, JObject payload) 4: { 5: var connectionId = Context.ConnectionId; 6: ... ... 7: var domain = string.Empty; 8: var identity = Context.User.Identity as ClaimsIdentity; 9: if (identity != null) 10: { 11: var claim = identity.FindFirst("Domain"); 12: if (claim != null) 13: { 14: domain = claim.Value; 15: } 16: } 17: ... ... 18: } 19: } Finally I just need to add my "QueryStringBearerAuthorizeAttribute" into the SignalR pipeline. 1: app.Map("/signalr", map => 2: { 3: // Setup the CORS middleware to run before SignalR. 4: // By default this will allow all origins. You can 5: // configure the set of origins and/or http verbs by 6: // providing a cors options with a different policy. 7: map.UseCors(CorsOptions.AllowAll); 8: var hubConfiguration = new HubConfiguration 9: { 10: // You can enable JSONP by uncommenting line below. 11: // JSONP requests are insecure but some older browsers (and some 12: // versions of IE) require JSONP to work cross domain 13: // EnableJSONP = true 14: EnableJavaScriptProxies = false 15: }; 16: // Require authentication for all hubs 17: var authorizer = new QueryStringBearerAuthorizeAttribute(); 18: var module = new AuthorizeModule(authorizer, authorizer); 19: GlobalHost.HubPipeline.AddModule(module); 20: // Run the SignalR pipeline. We're not using MapSignalR 21: // since this branch already runs under the "/signalr" path. 22: map.RunSignalR(hubConfiguration); 23: }); On the client side should pass the Bearer token through query string before I started the connection as below. 1: self.connection = $.hubConnection(signalrEndpoint); 2: self.proxy = self.connection.createHubProxy(hubName); 3: self.proxy.on(notifyEventName, function (event, payload) { 4: options.handler(event, payload); 5: }); 6: // add the authentication token to query string 7: // we cannot use http headers since web socket protocol doesn't support 8: self.connection.qs = { Bearer: AuthService.getToken() }; 9: // connection to hub 10: self.connection.start(); Hope this helps, Shaun All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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• Trainings for Back-end Programmer [closed]

  - by Pius

  I am currently working as an Android developer but I want to continue my career as a back-end developer. I consider my self having a relatively good knowledge of networking, databases and writing low-level code and other stuff that is involved in back- and mid- ends. What would be some good courses, training or whatever to improve as a back-end developer? Not the basic ones but rather more advanced ones (not too much, I'm self-taught). What are the main events in this area?

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