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• Is it possible to do A/B testing by page rather than by individual?

  - by mojones

  Lets say I have a simple ecommerce site that sells 100 different t-shirt designs. I want to do some a/b testing to optimise my sales. Let's say I want to test two different "buy" buttons. Normally, I would use AB testing to randomly assign each visitor to see button A or button B (and try to ensure that that the user experience is consistent by storing that assignment in session, cookies etc). Would it be possible to take a different approach and instead, randomly assign each of my 100 designs to use button A or B, and measure the conversion rate as (number of sales of design n) / (pageviews of design n) This approach would seem to have some advantages; I would not have to worry about keeping the user experience consistent - a given page (e.g. www.example.com/viewdesign?id=6) would always return the same html. If I were to test different prices, it would be far less distressing to the user to see different prices for different designs than different prices for the same design on different computers. I also wonder whether it might be better for SEO - my suspicion is that Google would "prefer" that it always sees the same html when crawling a page. Obviously this approach would only be suitable for a limited number of sites; I was just wondering if anyone has tried it?

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• OpenSL ES decode 24bit FLAC

  - by yano

  I am trying to decode a FLAC file with 24bit sample format using OpenSL ES on Android. Originally, I had my SLDataFormat_PCM for the SLDataSink setup like this. _pcm.formatType = SL_DATAFORMAT_PCM; _pcm.numChannels = 2; _pcm.samplesPerSec = SL_SAMPLINGRATE_44_1; _pcm.bitsPerSample = SL_PCMSAMPLEFORMAT_FIXED_16; _pcm.containerSize = SL_PCMSAMPLEFORMAT_FIXED_16; _pcm.channelMask = SL_SPEAKER_FRONT_LEFT | SL_SPEAKER_FRONT_RIGHT; _pcm.endianness = SL_BYTEORDER_LITTLEENDIAN; This is working well for basically any data format. Luckily the samplesPerSec is not respected (I don't want resampling). Now I want to support the full bit-depth of a FLAC file with 24bit samples. When using this format, it apparently performs a bit-depth conversion, because once I load the file, and then check the ANDROID_KEY_PCMFORMAT_BITSPERSAMPLE info, it is 16. When I put bitsPerSample = SL_PCMSAMPLEFORMAT_FIXED_24; or SL_PCMSAMPLEFORMAT_FIXED_32, then OpenSL ES rejects it E/libOpenSLES(22706): pAudioSnk: bitsPerSample=32 W/libOpenSLES(22706): Leaving Engine::CreateAudioPlayer (SL_RESULT_CONTENT_UNSUPPORTED) Any idea how this is meant to work? Is Android currently restricted to 16 bit int only? I would also accept 32bit float, but I don't suppose that will work either.

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• How to iterate over modifed std::map values?

  - by Frank

  I have an std::map, and I would like to define an iterator that returns modified values. Typically, a std::map<int,double>::iterator iterates over std::pair<int,double>, and I would like the same behavior, just the double value is multiplied by a constant. I tried it with boost::transform_iterator, but it doesn't compile: #include <map> #include <boost/iterator/transform_iterator.hpp> #include <boost/functional.hpp> typedef std::map<int,double> Map; Map m; m[100] = 2.24; typedef boost::binder2nd< std::multiplies<double> > Function; typedef boost::transform_iterator<Function, Map::value_type*> MultiplyIter; MultiplyIter begin = boost::make_transform_iterator(m.begin(), Function(std::multiplies<double>(), 4)); // now want to similarly create an end iterator // and then iterate over the modified map The error is: error: conversion from 'boost ::transform_iterator< boost::binder2nd<multiplies<double> >, gen_map<int, double>::iterator , boost::use_default, boost::use_default >' to non-scalar type 'boost::transform_iterator< boost::binder2nd<multiplies<double> >, pair<const int, double> * , boost::use_default, boost::use_default >' requested What is gen_map and do I really need it? I adapted the transform_iterator tutorial code from here to write this code ...

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• Parsing JSON to XML using net.sf.json (java)

  - by Castanho

  Hi guys, I'm parsing a generic JSON to a XML using net.sf.json. (I'm not using POJO Obj in the conversion) When dealing with vectors I'm receiving: <root> <entry> <Id>1</accountId> <Items> <e> <cost>0.1</cost> <debit>0.1</debit> </e> <e> <cost>0.1</cost> <debit>0.1</debit> </e> </Items> </entry> </root> When the correct for my point of view should be: <root> <entry> <accountId>1</accountId> <Items> <cost>0.1</cost> <debit>0.1</debit> </Items> <Items> <cost>0.2</cost> <debit>0.2</debit> </Items> </entry> </root> Do anyone have used this lib and could help me? Any tips could help! Thanks in advance

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• Having an issue with Nullable MySQL columns in SubSonic 3.0 templates

  - by omegawkd

  Looking at this line in the Settings.ttinclude string CheckNullable(Column col){ string result=""; if(col.IsNullable && col.SysType !="byte[]" && col.SysType !="string") result="?"; return result; } It describes how it determines if the column is nullable based on requirements and returns either "" or "?" to the generated code. Now I'm not too familiar with the ? nullable type operator but from what I can see a cast is required. For instance, if I have a nullable integer MySQL column and I generate the code using the default template files it returns a line similar to this: int? _User_ID; When trying to compile the project I get the error: Cannot implicitly convert type 'int?' to 'int'. An explicit conversion exists (are you missing a cast?) I checked teh Settings files for the other database types and they all seems to have the same routine. So my question is, is this behaviour expected or is this a bug? I need to solve it one way or the other before I can procede. Thanks for your help.

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• Why does Tex/Latex not speed up in subsequent runs?

  - by Debilski

  I really wonder, why even recent systems of Tex/Latex do not use any caching to speed up later runs. Every time that I fix a single comma*, calling Latex costs me about the same amount of time, because it needs to load and convert every single picture file. (* I know that even changing a tiny comma could affect the whole structure but of course, a well-written cache format could see the impact of that. Also, there might be situations where 100% correctness is not needed as long as it’s fast.) Is there something in the language of Tex which makes this complicated or impossible to accomplish or is it just that in the original implementation of Tex, there was no need for this (because it would have been slow anyway on those large computers)? But then on the other hand, why doesn’t this annoy other people so much that they’ve started a fork which has some sort of caching (or transparent conversion of Tex files to a format which is faster to parse)? Is there anything I can do to speed up subsequent runs of Latex? Except from putting all the stuff into chapterXX.tex files and then commenting them out?

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• Refactoring exercise with generics

  - by Berryl

  I have a variation on a Quantity (Fowler) class that is designed to facilitate conversion between units. The type is declared as: public class QuantityConvertibleUnits<TFactory> where TFactory : ConvertableUnitFactory, new() { ... } In order to do math operations between dissimilar units, I convert the right hand side of the operation to the equivalent Quantity of whatever unit the left hand side is in, and do the math on the amount (which is a double) before creating a new Quantity. Inside the generic Quantity class, I have the following: protected static TQuantity _Add<TQuantity>(TQuantity lhs, TQuantity rhs) where TQuantity : QuantityConvertibleUnits<TFactory>, new() { var toUnit = lhs.ConvertableUnit; var equivalentRhs = _Convert<TQuantity>(rhs.Quantity, toUnit); var newAmount = lhs.Quantity.Amount + equivalentRhs.Quantity.Amount; return _Convert<TQuantity>(new Quantity(newAmount, toUnit.Unit), toUnit); } protected static TQuantity _Subtract<TQuantity>(TQuantity lhs, TQuantity rhs) where TQuantity : QuantityConvertibleUnits<TFactory>, new() { var toUnit = lhs.ConvertableUnit; var equivalentRhs = _Convert<TQuantity>(rhs.Quantity, toUnit); var newAmount = lhs.Quantity.Amount - equivalentRhs.Quantity.Amount; return _Convert<TQuantity>(new Quantity(newAmount, toUnit.Unit), toUnit); } ... same for multiply and also divide I need to get the typing right for a concrete Quantity, so an example of an add op looks like: public static ImperialLengthQuantity operator +(ImperialLengthQuantity lhs, ImperialLengthQuantity rhs) { return _Add(lhs, rhs); } The question is those verbose methods in the Quantity class. The only change between the code is the math operator (+, -, *, etc.) so it seems that there should be a way to refactor them into a common method, but I am just not seeing it. How can I refactor that code? Cheers, Berryl

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• Different EF Property DataType than Storage Layer Possible?

  - by dj_kyron

  Hi, I am putting together a WCF Data Service for PatientEntities using Entity Framework. My solution needs to address these requirements: Property DateOfBirth of entity Patient is stored in SQL Server as string. It would be ideal if the entity class did not also use the "string" type but rather a DateTime type. (I would expect this to be possible since we're abstracting away from the storage layer). Where could a conversion mechanism be put in place that would convert to and from DateTime/string so that the entity and SQL Server are in sync?. I cannot change the storage layer's structure, so I have to work around it. WCF Data Services (Read-only, so no need for saving changes) need to be used since clients will be able to use LINQ expressions to consume the service. They can generate results based on any given query scenario they need and not be constrained by a single method such as GetPatient(int ID). I've tried to use DTOs, but run into problem of mapping the ObjectContext to a DTO, I don't think that is theoretically possible...or too complicated if it is. I've tried to use Self Tracking Entities but they require the metadata from the .edmx file if I'm correct, and this isn't allowing a different property data type. I also want to add customizations to my Entity getter methods so that a property "MRN" of type "string" needs to have .Replace("MR~", string.Empty) performed before it is returned. I can add this to the getter methods but the problem with that is Entity Framework will overwrite that next time it refreshes the entity classes. Is there a permanent place I can put these? Should I use POCO instead? How would that work with WCF Data Services? Where would the service grab the metadata?

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• Advantages/Disadvantages of AIR vs Flex/Web

  - by Lizzan

  Hi all, I'm tasked with writing an application for placing and connecting objects (sort of like a room planner where you can place furniture). I've made a demo using Flash Builder 4 and built it for AIR as a desktop app. Now the client wants the full app, but they and I am unsure whether to continue building it as an AIR app or transform it to a web application using Flex. I tried making a simple conversion of the AIR app to a web app, and most things worked but not all. The things that don't work seem to be simple bugs, though, not complete lack of capability. The capabilities that I'm going to need (except for the modelling) are: Printing of the finished image + a list of the furniture that has been placed A way to save and retrieve finished plans A way to export the list of furniture to Excel format Handling a whole slew of data about the different objects Only the printing has been implemented so far, and seems to work in the web app as well. What advantages/disadvantages are there with the two approaches? Are any of the capabilities I need much worse (or even impossible) to implement in either approach?

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• recommended format to save time with MJD + BCD format in database

  - by pierr

  Hi, There is a time represented in MJD and BCD format with 5 bytes .I am wondering what is the recommended format to save this date-time in the sqlite database so that user can search against it ? My first attempt is to save it just as it is, that is a 5 bytes string. The user will use the same format to search and the result will be converted to unix time by the user with following code. However, later, I was suggested to save the time in the integer - the UTC time, for example. But I can not find a standard way to do the conversion. I feel this is a common issue and would like to hear your comments. time_t sidate_to_unixtime(unsigned char sidate[]) { int k = 0; struct tm tm; double mjd; /* check for the undefined value */ if ((sidate[0] == 0xff) && (sidate[1] == 0xff) && (sidate[2] == 0xff) && (sidate[3] == 0xff) && (sidate[4] == 0xff)) { return -1; } memset(&tm, 0, sizeof(tm)); mjd = (sidate[0] << 8) | sidate[1]; tm.tm_year = (int) ((mjd - 15078.2) / 365.25); tm.tm_mon = (int) (((mjd - 14956.1) - (int) (tm.tm_year * 365.25)) / 30.6001); tm.tm_mday = (int) mjd - 14956 - (int) (tm.tm_year * 365.25) - (int) (tm.tm_mon * 30.6001); if ((tm.tm_mon == 14) || (tm.tm_mon == 15)) k = 1; tm.tm_year += k; tm.tm_mon = tm.tm_mon - 2 - k * 12; tm.tm_sec = bcd_to_integer(sidate[4]); tm.tm_min = bcd_to_integer(sidate[3]); tm.tm_hour = bcd_to_integer(sidate[2]); return mktime(&tm); }

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• Is it possible to use SqlGeography with Linq to Sql?

  - by cofiem

  I've been having quite a few problems trying to use Microsoft.SqlServer.Types.SqlGeography. I know full well that support for this in Ling to Sql is not great. I've tried numerous ways, beginning with what would the expected way (Database type of geography, CLR type of SqlGeography). This produces the NotSupportedException, which is widely discussed via blogs. I've then gone down the path of treating the geography column as a varbinary(max), as geography is a UDT stored as binary. This seems to work fine (with some binary reading and writing extension methods). However, I'm now running into a rather obscure issue, which does not seem to have happened to many other people. System.InvalidCastException: Unable to cast object of type 'Microsoft.SqlServer.Types.SqlGeography' to type 'System.Byte[]'. This error is thrown from an ObjectMaterializer when iterating through a query. It seems to only occur when the tables containing geography columns are included in a query implicitly (ie. using the EntityRef<> properties to do joins). System.Data.Linq.SqlClient.ObjectReaderCompiler.ObjectReader`2.MoveNext() My question: If I'm retrieving the geography column as varbinary(max), I might expect the reverse error: can't cast byte[] to SqlGeography. That I would understand. This I don't. I do have some properies on the partial LINQ to SQL classes that hide the binary conversion... could those be the issue? Any help appreciated, and I know there's probably not enough information.

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• File Storage for Web Applications: Filesystem vs DB vs NoSQL engines

  - by El Yobo

  I have a web application that stores a lot of user generated files. Currently these are all stored on the server filesystem, which has several downsides for me. When we move "folders" (as defined by our application) we also have to move the files on disk (although this is more due to strange design decisions on the part of the original developers than a requirement of storing things on the filesystem). It's hard to write tests for file system actions; I have a mock filesystem class that logs actions like move, delete etc, without performing them, which more or less does the job, but I don't have 100% confidence in the tests. I will be adding some other jobs which need to access the files from other service to perform additional tasks (e.g. indexing in Solr, generating thumbnails, movie format conversion), so I need to get at the files remotely. Doing this over network shares seems dodgy... Dealing with permissions on the filesystem as sometimes given us problems in the past, although now that we've moved to a pure Linux environment this should be less of an issue. What are the downsides of storing files as BLOBs in MySQL? I guess that it would massively increase the database size and reduce the effectiveness of caches, but are there other problems? Do the same problems exist with NoSQL systems like Cassandra? Does anyone have any other suggestions that might be appropriate?

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• Compile time float packing/punning

  - by detly

  I'm writing C for the PIC32MX, compiled with Microchip's PIC32 C compiler (based on GCC 3.4). My problem is this: I have some reprogrammable numeric data that is stored either on EEPROM or in the program flash of the chip. This means that when I want to store a float, I have to do some type punning: typedef union { int intval; float floatval; } IntFloat; unsigned int float_as_int(float fval) { IntFloat intf; intf.floatval = fval; return intf.intval; } // Stores an int of data in whatever storage we're using void StoreInt(unsigned int data, unsigned int address); void StoreFPVal(float data, unsigned int address) { StoreInt(float_as_int(data), address); } I also include default values as an array of compile time constants. For (unsigned) integer values this is trivial, I just use the integer literal. For floats, though, I have to use this Python snippet to convert them to their word representation to include them in the array: import struct hex(struct.unpack("I", struct.pack("f", float_value))[0]) ...and so my array of defaults has these indecipherable values like: const unsigned int DEFAULTS[] = { 0x00000001, // Some default integer value, 1 0x3C83126F, // Some default float value, 0.005 } (These actually take the form of X macro constructs, but that doesn't make a difference here.) Commenting is nice, but is there a better way? It's be great to be able to do something like: const unsigned int DEFAULTS[] = { 0x00000001, // Some default integer value, 1 COMPILE_TIME_CONVERT(0.005), // Some default float value, 0.005 } ...but I'm completely at a loss, and I don't even know if such a thing is possible. Notes Obviously "no, it isn't possible" is an acceptable answer if true. I'm not overly concerned about portability, so implementation defined behaviour is fine, undefined behaviour is not (I have the IDB appendix sitting in front of me). As fas as I'm aware, this needs to be a compile time conversion, since DEFAULTS is in the global scope. Please correct me if I'm wrong about this.

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• Find out which row caused the error

  - by Felipe Fiali

  I have a big fat query that's written dynamically to integrate some data. Basically what it does is query some tables, join some other ones, treat some data, and then insert it into a final table. The problem is that there's too much data, and we can't really trust the sources, because there could be some errored or inconsistent data. For example, I've spent almost an hour looking for an error while developing using a customer's database because somewhere in the middle of my big fat query there was an error converting some varchar to datetime. It turned out to be that they had some sales dating '2009-02-29', an out-of-range date. And yes, I know. Why was that stored as varchar? Well, the source database has 3 columns for dates, 'Month', 'Day' and 'Year'. I have no idea why it's like that, but still, it is. But how the hell would I treat that, if the source is not trustable? I can't HANDLE exceptions, I really need that it comes up to another level with the original message, but I wanted to provide some more info, so that the user could at least try to solve it before calling us. So I thought about displaying to the user the row number, or some ID that would at least give him some idea of what record he'd have to correct. That's also a hard job because there will be times when the integration will run up to 80000 records. And in an 80000 records integration, a single dummy error message: 'The conversion of a varchar data type to a datetime data type resulted in an out-of-range datetime value' means nothing at all. So any idea would be appreciated. Oh I'm using SQL Server 2005 with Service Pack 3.

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• Using forward declarations for build in datatypes.

  - by bdhar

  I understand that wherever possible we shall use forward declarations instead of includes to speed up the compilation. I have a class Person like this. #pragma once #include <string> class Person { public: Person(std::string name, int age); std::string GetName(void) const; int GetAge(void) const; private: std::string _name; int _age; }; and a class Student like this #pragma once #include <string> class Person; class Student { public: Student(std::string name, int age, int level = 0); Student(const Person& person); std::string GetName(void) const; int GetAge(void) const; int GetLevel(void) const; private: std::string _name; int _age; int _level; }; In Student.h, I have a forward declaration class Person; to use Person in my conversion constructor. Fine. But I have done #include <string> to avoid compilation error while using std::string in the code. How to use forward declaration here to avoid the compilation error? Is it possible? Thanks.

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• Flag bit computation and detection

  - by Majid

  Hi all, In some code I'm working on I should take care of ten independent parameters which can take one of two values (0 or 1). This creates 2^10 distinct conditions. Some of the conditions never occur and can be left out, but those which do occur are still A LOT and making a switch to handle all cases is insane. I want to use 10 if statements instead of a huge switch. For this I know I should use flag bits, or rather flag bytes as the language is javascript and its easier to work with a 10 byte string with to represent a 10-bit binary. Now, my problem is, I don't know how to implement this. I have seen this used in APIs where multiple-selectable options are exposed with numbers 1, 2, 4, 8, ... , n^(n-1) which are decimal equivalents of 1, 10, 100, 1000, etc. in binary. So if we make call like bar = foo(7), bar will be an object with whatever options the three rightmost flags enable. I can convert the decimal number into binary and in each if statement check to see if the corresponding digit is set or not. But I wonder, is there a way to determine the n-th digit of a decimal number is zero or one in binary form, without actually doing the conversion?

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• Generic property- specify the type at runtime

  - by Lirik

  I was reading a question on making a generic property, but I'm a little confused at by the last example from the first answer (I've included the relevant code below): You have to know the type at compile time. If you don't know the type at compile time then you must be storing it in an object, in which case you can add the following property to the Foo class: public object ConvertedValue { get { return Convert.ChangeType(Value, Type); } } That's seems strange: it's converting the value to the specified type, but it's returning it as an object when the value was stored as an object. Doesn't the returned object still require un-boxing? If it does, then why bother with the conversion of the type? I'm also trying to make a generic property whose type will be determined at run time: public class Foo { object Value {get;set;} Type ValType{get;set;} Foo(object value, Type type) { Value = value; ValType = type; } // I need a property that is actually // returned as the specified value type... public object ConvertedValue { get { return Convert.ChangeType(Value, ValType); } } } Is it possible to make a generic property? Does the return property still require unboxing after it's accessed?

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• How do I construct a more complex single LINQ to XML query?

  - by Cyberherbalist

  I'm a LINQ newbie, so the following might turn out to be very simple and obvious once it's answered, but I have to admit that the question is kicking my arse. Given this XML: <measuresystems> <measuresystem name="SI" attitude="proud"> <dimension name="mass" dim="M" degree="1"> <unit name="kilogram" symbol="kg"> <factor name="hundredweight" foreignsystem="US" value="45.359237" /> <factor name="hundredweight" foreignsystem="Imperial" value="50.80234544" /> </unit> </dimension> </measuresystem> </measuresystems> I can query for the value of the conversion factor between kilogram and US hundredweight using the following LINQ to XML, but surely there is a way to condense the four successive queries into a single complex query? XElement mss = XElement.Load(fileName); IEnumerable<XElement> ms = from el in mss.Elements("measuresystem") where (string)el.Attribute("name") == "SI" select el; IEnumerable<XElement> dim = from e2 in ms.Elements("dimension") where (string)e2.Attribute("name") == "mass" select e2; IEnumerable<XElement> unit = from e3 in dim.Elements("unit") where (string)e3.Attribute("name") == "kilogram" select e3; IEnumerable<XElement> factor = from e4 in unit.Elements("factor") where (string)e4.Attribute("name") == "pound" && (string)e4.Attribute("foreignsystem") == "US" select e4; foreach (XElement ex in factor) { Console.WriteLine ((string)ex.Attribute("value")); }

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• C++0x rvalue references and temporaries

  - by Doug

  (I asked a variation of this question on comp.std.c++ but didn't get an answer.) Why does the call to f(arg) in this code call the const ref overload of f? void f(const std::string &); //less efficient void f(std::string &&); //more efficient void g(const char * arg) { f(arg); } My intuition says that the f(string &&) overload should be chosen, because arg needs to be converted to a temporary no matter what, and the temporary matches the rvalue reference better than the lvalue reference. This is not what happens in GCC and MSVC. In at least G++ and MSVC, any lvalue does not bind to an rvalue reference argument, even if there is an intermediate temporary created. Indeed, if the const ref overload isn't present, the compilers diagnose an error. However, writing f(arg + 0) or f(std::string(arg)) does choose the rvalue reference overload as you would expect. From my reading of the C++0x standard, it seems like the implicit conversion of a const char * to a string should be considered when considering if f(string &&) is viable, just as when passing a const lvalue ref arguments. Section 13.3 (overload resolution) doesn't differentiate between rvalue refs and const references in too many places. Also, it seems that the rule that prevents lvalues from binding to rvalue references (13.3.3.1.4/3) shouldn't apply if there's an intermediate temporary - after all, it's perfectly safe to move from the temporary. Is this: Me misreading/misunderstand the standard, where the implemented behavior is the intended behavior, and there's some good reason why my example should behave the way it does? A mistake that the compiler vendors have somehow all made? Or a mistake based on common implementation strategies? Or a mistake in e.g. GCC (where this lvalue/rvalue reference binding rule was first implemented), that was copied by other vendors? A defect in the standard, or an unintended consequence, or something that should be clarified?

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• Problem importing Oracle .dmp file

  - by BitFiddler

  So I have looked at all the suggested ways of importing .dmp files and non of them seem to answer this question: where does the data go once you import it? Context: I created a user like so: SQL> create user IMPORTER identified by "12345"; SQL> grant connect, unlimited tablespace, resource to IMPORTER; I then ran the 'imp' command as follows: C:\>imp system/password FROMUSER=OVIEDOE TOUSER=IMPORTER file=c:\database1.dmp Now there were 9 .dmp files, after each one it asked me for the next one and then I received the message "Import terminated successfully with warnings." The warning was: Warning: the objects were exported by OVIEDOE, not by you import done in WE8MSWIN1252 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set export client uses WE8ISO8859P1 character set (possible charset conversion) IMP-00046: using FILESIZE value from export file of 2147483648 Now it says it was terminated successfully so my assumption (I am new to oracle so this may be wrong) is that the data was loaded. However, when I use SQL developer to connect to the database and look under the 'tables' node under the IMPORTER user, there is nothing there. What is going on? Did the data load? If so, where can I find it?

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• Trying to use HttpWebRequest to load a page in a file.

  - by Malcolm

  Hi, I have a ASP.NET MVC app that works fine in the browser. I am using the following code to be able to write the html of a retrieved page to a file. (This is to use in a PDF conversion component) But this code errors out continually but not in the browser. I get timeout errors sometimes asn 500 errors. Public Function GetPage(ByVal url As String, ByVal filename As String) As Boolean Dim request As HttpWebRequest Dim username As String Dim password As String Dim docid As String Dim poststring As String Dim bytedata() As Byte Dim requestStream As Stream Try username = "pdfuser" password = "pdfuser" docid = "docid=inv12154" poststring = String.Format("username={0}&password={1}&{2}", username, password, docid) bytedata = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(poststring) request = WebRequest.Create(url) request.Method = "Post" request.ContentLength = bytedata.Length request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" requestStream = request.GetRequestStream() requestStream.Write(bytedata, 0, bytedata.Length) requestStream.Close() request.Timeout = 60000 Dim response As HttpWebResponse Dim responseStream As Stream Dim reader As StreamReader Dim sb As New StringBuilder() Dim line As String = String.Empty response = request.GetResponse() responseStream = response.GetResponseStream() reader = New StreamReader(responseStream, System.Text.Encoding.ASCII) line = reader.ReadLine() While (Not line Is Nothing) sb.Append(line) line = reader.ReadLine() End While File.WriteAllText(filename, sb.ToString()) Catch ex As Exception MsgBox(ex.Message) End Try Return True End Function

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• Configuring an offscreen framebuffer fails the completeness test

  - by randallmeadows

  I'm trying to create an offscreen framebuffer into which I can do some OpenGL drawing, and then pull the bits out manually. I'm following the instructions here, but in step 4, status is 0 instead of GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE_OES. If I insert a call go glGetError() after every gl call, it returns 0 (GL_NO_ERROR) every time. But, the values of variables do not change during the call. E.g., GLuint framebuffer; glGenFramebuffersOES(1, &framebuffer); glBindFramebufferOES(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_OES, framebuffer); the value of framebuffer does not get altered at all (even when I change it to some arbitrary value and re-execute). It's almost like the gl calls are not actually being made. I'm linking against OpenGLES framework, and get no compile, link, or run-time errors (or warnings). I'm at a loss as to what to do to fix this. I've tried continuing on with my drawing, but do not see the results I expect, but at this point I can't tell whether it's because of the above error, or the conversion to a UIImage.

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• Compilation errors calling find_if using a functor

  - by Jim Wong

  We are having a bit of trouble using find_if to search a vector of pairs for an entry in which the first element of the pair matches a particular value. To make this work, we have defined a trivial functor whose operator() takes a pair as input and compares the first entry against a string. Unfortunately, when we actually add a call to find_if using an instance of our functor constructed using a temporary string value, the compiler produces a raft of error messages. Oddly (to me, anyway), if we replace the temporary with a string that we've created on the stack, things seem to work. Here's what the code (including both versions) looks like: typedef std::pair<std::string, std::string> MyPair; typedef std::vector<MyPair> MyVector; struct MyFunctor: std::unary_function <const MyPair&, bool> { explicit MyFunctor(const std::string& val) : m_val(val) {} bool operator() (const MyPair& p) { return p.first == m_val; } const std::string m_val; }; bool f(const char* s) { MyFunctor f(std::string(s)); // ERROR // std::string str(s); // MyFunctor f(str); // OK MyVector vec; MyVector::const_iterator i = std::find_if(vec.begin(), vec.end(), f); return i != vec.end(); } And here's what the most interesting error message looks like: /usr/include/c++/4.2.1/bits/stl_algo.h:260: error: conversion from ‘std::pair, std::allocator , std::basic_string, std::allocator ’ to non-scalar type ‘std::string’ requested Because we have a workaround, we're mostly curious as to why the first form causes problems. I'm sure we're missing something, but we haven't been able to figure out what it is.

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• Graphing the pitch (frequency) of a sound

  - by Coronatus

  I want to plot the pitch of a sound into a graph. Currently I can plot the amplitude. The graph below is created by the data returned by getUnscaledAmplitude(): AudioInputStream audioInputStream = AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file))); byte[] bytes = new byte[(int) (audioInputStream.getFrameLength()) * (audioInputStream.getFormat().getFrameSize())]; audioInputStream.read(bytes); // Get amplitude values for each audio channel in an array. graphData = type.getUnscaledAmplitude(bytes, this); public int[][] getUnscaledAmplitude(byte[] eightBitByteArray, AudioInfo audioInfo) { int[][] toReturn = new int[audioInfo.getNumberOfChannels()][eightBitByteArray.length / (2 * audioInfo. getNumberOfChannels())]; int index = 0; for (int audioByte = 0; audioByte < eightBitByteArray.length;) { for (int channel = 0; channel < audioInfo.getNumberOfChannels(); channel++) { // Do the byte to sample conversion. int low = (int) eightBitByteArray[audioByte]; audioByte++; int high = (int) eightBitByteArray[audioByte]; audioByte++; int sample = (high << 8) + (low & 0x00ff); if (sample < audioInfo.sampleMin) { audioInfo.sampleMin = sample; } else if (sample > audioInfo.sampleMax) { audioInfo.sampleMax = sample; } toReturn[channel][index] = sample; } index++; } return toReturn; } But I need to show the audio's pitch, not amplitude. Fast Fourier transform appears to get the pitch, but it needs to know more variables than the raw bytes I have, and is very complex and mathematical. Is there a way I can do this?

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• floating point equality in Python and in general

  - by eric.frederich

  I have a piece of code that behaves differently depending on whether I go through a dictionary to get conversion factors or whether I use them directly. The following piece of code will print 1.0 == 1.0 -> False But if you replace factors[units_from] with 10.0 and factors[units_to ] with 1.0 / 2.54 it will print 1.0 == 1.0 -> True #!/usr/bin/env python base = 'cm' factors = { 'cm' : 1.0, 'mm' : 10.0, 'm' : 0.01, 'km' : 1.0e-5, 'in' : 1.0 / 2.54, 'ft' : 1.0 / 2.54 / 12.0, 'yd' : 1.0 / 2.54 / 12.0 / 3.0, 'mile' : 1.0 / 2.54 / 12.0 / 5280, 'lightyear' : 1.0 / 2.54 / 12.0 / 5280 / 5.87849981e12, } # convert 25.4 mm to inches val = 25.4 units_from = 'mm' units_to = 'in' base_value = val / factors[units_from] ret = base_value * factors[units_to ] print ret, '==', 1.0, '->', ret == 1.0 Let me first say that I am pretty sure what is going on here. I have seen it before in C, just never in Python but since Python in implemented in C we're seeing it. I know that floating point numbers will change values going from a CPU register to cache and back. I know that comparing what should be two equal variables will return false if one of them was paged out while the other stayed resident in a register. Questions What is the best way to avoid problems like this?... In Python or in general. Am I doing something completely wrong? Side Note This is obviously part of a stripped down example but what I'm trying to do is come with with classes of length, volume, etc that can compare against other objects of the same class but with different units. Rhetorical Questions If this is a potentially dangerous problem since it makes programs behave in an undetermanistic matter, should compilers warn or error when they detect that you're checking equality of floats Should compilers support an option to replace all float equality checks with a 'close enough' function? Do compilers already do this and I just can't find the information.

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