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• Apache rewrite module, 404 not found

  - by Eneroth3

  I've been having some problems with rewriting directory styled addresses into query strings for my php scripts. Here's the code RewriteRule ^(\w+)/?(\w+)?/?(\w+)?/?$ /index.php?section=$1&category=$2&subcategory=$3 [QSA] This line works perfectly fine on both my local wamp and lamp server, and my friend's lamp server. However on the web hotel I've been using (freehostia) I only get a 404 error when trying to browse a "directory" that isn't really there (supposed to be generated by php). I've tried connecting their support but they only say 3rd party applications aren't their job. I know rewriteEngine is turned on because some basic redirect attempts have worked. Perhaps this line of code could be better written? It's quite important that extra queries are appended and would be nice (but not necessary) if the last slash could be left out. Any help is appreciated :)

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• Using terminal vs KDE in linux?

  - by Ke

  Im used to using nautilus within centos but have recently just got a VPS and quickly realising that using a KDE is unacceptable in this environment. Although I do find it so much quicker doing things like folder permissions in KDE rather than typing it all out in the terminal? Everyone I speak to says, use the terminal and I should learn this way as opposed to using the KDE, but theres certain things I just dont get How is it possible to make quick changes to scripts and viewing them in a browser etc , without a mouse or using KDE? and only using a terminal?? I am wondering how to develop websites just using the terminal??? How can it be quicker to type out/view permissions etc in the terminal when its instant and just a few clicks in the KDE? Any thoughts are much appreciated. I would love to understand the benefits but just cant seem to see them right now. Cheers Ke.

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• Is LSB's init script function "start_daemon" really used for real daemons or should I stick to start-stop-daemon?

  - by Fred

  In the context of init scripts, according to the LSB specification, "Each conforming init script shall execute the commands in the file /lib/lsb/init-function", which then defines a couple of functions to be used when using daemons. One of those functions is start_daemon, which obviously "runs the specified program as a daemon" while checking if the daemon is already running. I'm in the process of daemonizing a service app of mine, and I'm looking at how other daemons are run to try to "fit in". In the process of looking how it's done elsewhere, I noticed that not a single daemon on my Ubuntu 10.04 machine uses start_daemon. They all call start-stop-daemon directly. Same goes for my Fedora 14 machine. Should I try to play nice and be the first one to use start_daemon, or is there really no point and start-stop-daemon is the way to go since everybody is already using that? Why is there no daemons using LSB's functions?

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• How useful is mounting /tmp noexec?

  - by Novelocrat

  Many people (including the Securing Debian Manual) recommend mounting /tmp with the noexec,nodev,nosuid set of options. This is generally presented as one element of a 'defense-in-depth' strategy, by preventing the escalation of an attack that lets someone write a file, or an attack by a user with a legitimate account but no other writable space. Over time, however, I've encountered arguments (most prominently by Debian/Ubuntu Developer Colin Watson) that noexec is a useless measure, for a couple potential reasons: The user can run /lib/ld-linux.so <binary> in an attempt to get the same effect. The user can still run system-provided interpreters on scripts that can't be run directly Given these arguments, the potential need for more configuration (e.g. debconf likes an executable temporary directory), and the potential loss of convenience, is this a worthwhile security measure? What other holes do you know of that enable circumvention?

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• Excel chart won't update, based on calculated cells

  - by samJL

  I have an Excel document (2007) with a chart (Clustered Column) that gets its Data Series from cells containing calculated values The calculated values never change directly, but only as a result of other cells in the sheet changing When I change other cells in the sheet, the Data Series cells are recalculated, and show new values - but the Chart based on this Data Series refuses to update automatically I can get the Chart to update by saving/closing, or toggling one of the settings (such as reversing x/y axis and then putting it back), or by re-selecting the Data Series Every solution I have found online doesn't work - I have Calculation set to automatic - Ctrl+Alt+F9 updates everything fine, EXCEPT the chart - I have recreated the chart several times, and on different computers - I have tried VBA scripts like: Application.Calculate Application.CalculateFull Application.CalculateFullRebuild ActiveWorkbook.RefreshAll DoEvents None of these update or refresh the chart I do notice that if I type over my Data Series, actual numbers instead of calculations, it will update the chart - it's as if Excel doesn't want to recognize changes in the calculations Has anyone experienced this before or know what I might do to fix the problem? Thank you

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• How can I enable readline for PHP 5.4 on Ubuntu 11.10?

  - by dotweb

  I installed PHP 5.4 on my Ubuntu 11.10 PC like this: $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php5 $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install php5 It's working fine but I don't have the readline function anymore that I need for my PHP CLI scripts. libreadline-dev is installed and readline was working perfectly in 5.3. I also tried to compile 5.4 with readline: $ wget http://de2.php.net/get/php-5.4.0.tar.gz/from/de.php.net/mirror $ tar xzvf mirror $ cd php-5.4.0/ $ ./configure --with-readline $ make test But the last command echoed this error after compiling for some minutes: FAILED TEST SUMMARY Test 7: DTD tests [ext/dom/tests/dom007.phpt] You may have found a problem in PHP. I appreciate any help on how to get readline working!

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• bridge to share WiFi internet connection over eth0

  - by rubo77

  In this script there is implemented that you create a mesh network and connect other machines to your device to serve an internet connection with dhcp: echo "starting bridge to share internet connection over eth0" ifconfig eth0 up promisc brctl addbr br-freifunk brctl addif br-freifunk bat0 brctl addif br-freifunk eth0 echo "internet starting, this may take some minutes due to latency..." echo "(use" echo "tail -f /var/log/syslog" echo "in another window for debugging)" echo echo dhclient br-freifunk echo "The error 'Rather than invoking init scripts through /etc/init.d...' can be ignored:" dhclient br-freifunk # without bridge: dhclient bat0 This works fine with the freifunk-mesh network. But how can I serve internet in a normal case? I would like to connect to any open Wifi I find with my network-manager or wicd (yes, with the graphical GUI) and then start a small script that creates a bridge to my network-out on my laptop I use Ubuntu and my networkcards are eth0 and wlan0

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• Puzzled about PHP file permission and shared webhosting - what are some explanations?

  - by extrakun

  I have this issue with different web-hosting, particular upload scripts which can only upload to a folder only if it has 777 permission (which is risky). On the test server (on a different webhost), 755 works well. On another web-hosting, log files generated by PHP file functions cannot be write to some time, but other files are mysteriously unaffected (for instance, the log files for the entire week is 655, and they work well, but just today's log-file doesn't work unless it is set to 777). I am more of an application developer than a server backend expert, so these behaviours puzzle me to no end. Why are they happening? What can be done?

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• Nginx + PHP-FPM on Centos 6.5 gives me 502 Bad Gateway (fpm error: unable to read what child say: Bad file descriptor)

  - by Latheesan Kanes

  I am setting up a standard LEMP stack. My current setup is giving me the following error: 502 Bad Gateway This is what is currently installed on my server: Here's the configurations I've created/updated so far, can some one take a look at the following and see where the error might be? I've already checked my logs, there's nothing in there (http://i.imgur.com/iRq3ksb.png). And I saw the following in /var/log/php-fpm/error.log file. sidenote: both the nginx and php-fpm has been configured to run under a local account called www-data and the following folders exits on the server nginx.conf global nginx configuration user www-data; worker_processes 6; worker_rlimit_nofile 100000; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log crit; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 2048; use epoll; multi_accept on; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; # cache informations about FDs, frequently accessed files can boost performance open_file_cache max=200000 inactive=20s; open_file_cache_valid 30s; open_file_cache_min_uses 2; open_file_cache_errors on; # to boost IO on HDD we can disable access logs access_log off; # copies data between one FD and other from within the kernel # faster then read() + write() sendfile on; # send headers in one peace, its better then sending them one by one tcp_nopush on; # don't buffer data sent, good for small data bursts in real time tcp_nodelay on; # server will close connection after this time keepalive_timeout 60; # number of requests client can make over keep-alive -- for testing keepalive_requests 100000; # allow the server to close connection on non responding client, this will free up memory reset_timedout_connection on; # request timed out -- default 60 client_body_timeout 60; # if client stop responding, free up memory -- default 60 send_timeout 60; # reduce the data that needs to be sent over network gzip on; gzip_min_length 10240; gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private auth; gzip_types text/plain text/css text/xml text/javascript application/x-javascript application/xml; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]\."; # Load vHosts include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; } conf.d/www.domain.com.conf my vhost entry ## Nginx php-fpm Upstream upstream wwwdomaincom { server unix:/var/run/php-fcgi-www-data.sock; } ## Global Config client_max_body_size 10M; server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; ## Web Server Config server { ## Server Info listen 80; server_name domain.com *.domain.com; root /home/www-data/public_html; index index.html index.php; ## Error log error_log /home/www-data/logs/nginx-errors.log; ## DocumentRoot setup location / { try_files $uri $uri/ @handler; expires 30d; } ## These locations would be hidden by .htaccess normally #location /app/ { deny all; } ## Disable .htaccess and other hidden files location /. { return 404; } ## Magento uses a common front handler location @handler { rewrite / /index.php; } ## Forward paths like /js/index.php/x.js to relevant handler location ~ .php/ { rewrite ^(.*.php)/ $1 last; } ## Execute PHP scripts location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; expires off; fastcgi_read_timeout 900; fastcgi_pass wwwdomaincom; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } ## GZip Compression gzip on; gzip_comp_level 8; gzip_min_length 1000; gzip_proxied any; gzip_types text/plain application/xml text/css text/js application/x-javascript; } /etc/php-fpm.d/www-data.conf my php-fpm pool config ## Nginx php-fpm Upstream upstream wwwdomaincom { server unix:/var/run/php-fcgi-www-data.sock; } ## Global Config client_max_body_size 10M; server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; ## Web Server Config server { ## Server Info listen 80; server_name domain.com *.domain.com; root /home/www-data/public_html; index index.html index.php; ## Error log error_log /home/www-data/logs/nginx-errors.log; ## DocumentRoot setup location / { try_files $uri $uri/ @handler; expires 30d; } ## These locations would be hidden by .htaccess normally #location /app/ { deny all; } ## Disable .htaccess and other hidden files location /. { return 404; } ## Magento uses a common front handler location @handler { rewrite / /index.php; } ## Forward paths like /js/index.php/x.js to relevant handler location ~ .php/ { rewrite ^(.*.php)/ $1 last; } ## Execute PHP scripts location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; expires off; fastcgi_read_timeout 900; fastcgi_pass wwwdomaincom; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } ## GZip Compression gzip on; gzip_comp_level 8; gzip_min_length 1000; gzip_proxied any; gzip_types text/plain application/xml text/css text/js application/x-javascript; } I've got a file in /home/www-data/public_html/index.php with the code <?php phpinfo(); ?> (file uploaded as user www-data).

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• LUKS-Encrypted Root Partition in Ubuntu 9.04

  - by Martindale

  I have a LUKS-encrypted root partition that I have installed Ubuntu 9.04 to. I have of course placed /boot on a separate ext2 partition, and my boot loader loads and functions correctly. However, I can't seem to get my initrd to load the LUKS-encrypted root using the appropriate /dev/mapper/ address. What hooks and scripts do I need to add to get this to function correctly, and what is the correct way to regenerate my initrd? I can CHROOT into this install, and everything works fine - but I just can't seem to get it to actually boot. Help!

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• Load Testing Linux Virtual Server

  - by Anubhav Agarwal

  I have configured a Linux virtual network with following configuration 172.17.6.112- VIP 172.17.6.111- Linux Director | |----------172.17.6.113 --- Real Server 1 |----------172.17.6.114 --- Real Server 2 I am using direct routing technique. I am unable to test my LVS network. Are there some good scripts/softwares available for load testing. I am running apache2.0 service on them. I came across with testlvs on the internet but am unable to understand its documentation. Are there more simpler ones I want to test the response time of server using various scheduling algorithms .

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• How do you persist installed software & configurations on an Amazon EC2 instance?

  - by Richard

  I've gotten a base Debian AMI up and running and now I need to know the best way to maintain it. I've ran the updates (aptitude update/upgrade) and installed/configured my software (Apache, Ruby, etc.) but if I reboot the instance or start a new one I'll have to do all this work over again. How do you persist these types of things over a reboot? Do you build a new AMI every time you adjust some tiny piece of the system? Or is there some way to feed it a script on startup that configures it in "real-time"? I know I could go all the way with a Reductive Labs Puppet style setup but that's a bit too much for my needs right now (1-2 servers). Any best practices on this? Update: I found a bit of information on using User-Data to run scripts at instance boot time.

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• Block IPs if they access a resource

  - by Victor Oliva

  I own a server that it's costantly being attacked by scripts (that try to access to phpMyAdmin's setup file's and stuff like this). I've heard that many people get this kinds of attacks, but I'm starting to worry since they are getting more common (last month I got 2 attacks, and on november 7th there are 3 attempts already (1st, 4th and 6th of nov). I'm not really concerned about it, since I don't have any database. All the info i have on that server is absolutely public, but I'm worried about that attacking-rate increase. So I thought I could -temporarily- block the IPs that come from those attackers, or something that could make my server ignore requests that ask for phpMyAdmin, pma, xamp, etc. Is there something like that? my server is Linux+Apache+Php

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• remastering knoppix: which version and what method should i use

  - by Stan_

  I'd like to remaster knoppix (mainly add and configure some software). I downloaded newest version (KNOPPIX-ADRIANE_V6.2CD-2009-11-18-EN.iso) but later i read that it has some other window manager as default, not kde... and i want to have kde on my remaster. Is kde included on that iso but it's not default or it's not included at all? If it's not there what knoppix version should i get for my remaster? My other question... I've seen some remastering scripts (with menus, etc) on knoppix forums, do any of these works with version i have? Or with version i should have if i need kde?

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• How can I upgrade Ubuntu from 9.10 to 10.04 on a netbook with a 4GB root partition?

  - by Blorgbeard

  I have an Asus EeePC 901, running Ubuntu 9.10. I'd like to upgrade it to 10.04. I don't want to reinstall, since I have a bunch of scripts and programs all set up. However, when I attempt to upgrade using sudo apt-get dist-upgrade, I get an error asking me to free up another ~600MB on /. My / is mounted on sda0, which is a 4GB SSD. I do not have 600MB worth of deletable stuff on /. I've emptied my trash, and done apt-get autoremove and apt-get clean. I do have plenty of space in /home, mounted on sda1 (a 16GB SSD). Is there some way I can tell apt-get to use a different download/temp directory?

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• VIM: How do you get the last ex command you used?

  - by TrevorBoydSmith

  I find that sometimes I write a really long ex mode command that do lots of stuff. They are sort of "mini-scripts" that I write in the text editor then I start ex mode and copy them into the ex line and execute. But then I always end up editing in the ex mode and then I find it difficult to get the changes i did in ex mode back to my text editing session. Using the keyboard, how do you copy the last ex command you used and paste it into your text editor? (Note: This is sort of the opposite of this question "how do I copy/paste in vim ex mode" where the user asks "how do you copy from the text editor and paste INTO the ex mode?". My question is the opposite because I wish to copy from the ex mode and paste into my text editor.)

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• "killed" message from cron.daily, but not when run from command line

  - by Dan Stahlke

  On Fedora 17, I put a file into /etc/cron.daily with the following contents: cd / su dstahlke /home/dstahlke/bin/anacron-daily.sh exit 0 For some reason, I get a mail every day that just says /etc/cron.daily/dstahlke-daily: ...killed. I tried with and without the exit 0 line above (I noticed that some system scripts have that and others don't, I'm not sure of the purpose). Running /etc/cron.daily/dstahlke-daily from the command line as root produces no ...killed message. Other than the message, everything seems to work fine. Putting set -x in the above script, as well as in the /home/dstahlke/bin/anacron-daily.sh script shows that the ...killed message happens just after the latter script terminates (or perhaps just after the su command finishes). What causes the ...killed message? Or, is there a more acceptable way to have anacron run a user script daily? I figured that putting this in /etc/cron.daily would help the system coordinate all of the daily tasks rather than potentially running my task concurrently with the system tasks.

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• How to synchronize users, passwords, hosts, etc without NIS

  - by joshxdr

  I am administering a very small solaris 2.6 network with 4 boxes total. Is it possible to use scp or similar to replace NIS for synchronizing users, groups, hosts, etc? This network is only a small part of my job and I don't want to spend too much time on it, and I am worried the setup and maintenence of NIS will not pay off. I need it to behave like a proper multi-user system, when a user logs into any machine, the users, passwords, hosts, etc. are always the same. Is there an easy way to do this with scp? Right now I copy /etc/passwd from one box to another with scp, but sometimes I make mistakes or forget a step, and scp inside of shell scripts don't seem to works so well since they require password authentication. Any recommendations would be welcome.

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• Configuring Linux Network

  - by Reiler

  Hi I'm working on some software, that runs on a Centos 5.xx installation. I'ts not allowed for our customers to log in to Linux, everything is done from Windows applications, developed by us. So we have build a frontend for the user to configure network setup: Static/DHCP, ip-address, gateway, DNS, Hostname. Right now I let the user enter the information in the Windows app, and then write it on the Linux server like this: Write to /etc/resolv.conf: Nameserver Write to /etc/sysconfig/network: Gateway and Hostname Write to /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0: Ipaddress, Netmask, Bootproto(DHCP or Static) I also (after some time) found out that I was unable to send mail, unless I wrote in /etc/hosts: 127.0.0.1 Hostname All this seems to work, but is there a better/easier way to do this? Also, I read the network configuration nearly the same way, but if I use DHCP, I miss som information, for instance the Ip-address. I know that I can get some information from the commandline (ifconfig), but I dont get for instance Hostname, Gateway and DNS. Is there a commandline tool that will display this?

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• What does "every two minutes" mean in cron?

  - by Ambrose

  I've got two scripts in cron set to run every two minutes: */2 -- the thing is, they're out of step. One runs at 1,3,5,7,9 minutes, etc. and the other at 0,2,4,6,8. This is not a mission-critical problem, but means I've got two status reports, one a bit stale compared to the other. What does cron do exactly? Run the first one in crontab document order, waiting till it's finished to run the second one? Is there any way I can make the run at the same time, or as close as possible?

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• Block a machine from accessing the internet

  - by Simon Rigby

  After some confirmation that I have thinking right in this scenario. We have a number of wired and wireless machines which presently have direct internet access. I also have a Linux (Ubuntu) server which is used as a file server for the network. Essentially I would like to be able to turn internet access on and off for machines. My plan is to block these machines by MAC address at the router. I would then set up a proxy server on the Linux box (ie Squid) so that the machines I wish to restrict can access the internet via the proxy. As I can adjust access via ACLs in squid, I would be able to switch on or off a machines access to the internet without having to further adjust the router's MAC rules. And of course I could go further and create a few scripts to assist with this admin task. Does this seem sound and have I over looked anything? Any help greatly appreciated. Simon.

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• PHP not displaying any errors

  - by chutsu

  I've got ubuntu 10.04 installed, as well as: lighttpd mysql/php Now my problem is that my php scripts can be executed and has access to MySQL database, however I'm having problems getting php to display all errors when running. The result of a failed php run is a blank page. I tried setting the display errors on in php.ini in /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini I've also tried adding these two lines in the source to force errors on, to no avail. ini_set('display_errors', '1'); error_reporting(E_ALL); What should I do? Thanks

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• What's the best Flash Blocker for the Chrome Browser on a Mac?

  - by Bryan Schuetz

  Looking at the extensions gallery for Chromium there seems to be a number fo flash-blocking extensions available: A couple with very similar names even. I've been using ClicktoFlash in Safari and am used to it just flat out working everywhere. Unfortunately after using FlashBlock by Ruzanow for a bit I've noticed it gets a bit "Hinky" at times (blocking the flash by collapsing the div so you can't click to enable it, etc.) I have a feeling there may be some other extensions/scripts out there not listed above that are better. Ultimately I'd like to find a flash blocker that works as well as ClickToFlash does in Safari.

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• Centos + CPanel results in php always running as fgci, instead of cli, as expected

  - by quamis

  I'm having problems with a server configured by someone else. It uses CPanel, and it has Apache+PHP. For some reason, when running php -v as a user, i get "cli" as handler # php -v | head -n 1 PHP 5.3.27 (cli) (built: Oct 15 2013 16:06:48) If a make a PHP script with echo shell_exec("php -v | tail -n 1"), i get PHP 5.3.27 (cgi-fcgi) (built: Oct 15 2013 16:22:16) Why the cli/fcgi difference? I need to fix this so that scripts ran by the apache user would be running as "cli", not "fcgi". As a side-note, i'm not sure how php got installed, because in the package list i see another version installed, instead of the pne reported by php -v # rpm -qa | grep php [.... other packages...] cpanel-php53-5.3.17-5.cp1136.x86_64 rebuild_phpconf --current: /usr/local/cpanel/bin/rebuild_phpconf --current Available handlers: suphp dso fcgi cgi none DEFAULT PHP: 5 PHP4 SAPI: none PHP5 SAPI: dso SUEXEC: enabled RUID2: not installed redhat-release: # cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS release 6.4 (Final) possibly related to http://superuser.com/questions/665809/centos-6-4-running-php-for-root-as-cgi-fcgi-not-cli

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• Where would an S3 upload speed cap originate?

  - by CoreyH

  I do a ton of uploading to S3 and am experiencing capped speeds and I can't quite figure out how to address it. The setup: Windows Server 2008 R2 x64, external HD, using a Java based upload tool called Jsh3ll and custom VBS scripts to kick the jobs off. Running one process at a time, I am always limited to about 4mbps. I have FiOS at 35/35mbps speeds, so it isn't an outright limit. AND, I can run parallel instances and can go all the way up to 35mbps, so I know the problem isn't gateway/nic/machine/amazon related. Running parallel instances works to a degree as a solution, but increases the complexity of my workflow greatly. Solving this would make my life dramatically easier. When I was first doing this I was playing around with a bunch of Windows TCP parameters and was able to briefly get unconstrained bandwidth, but it wasn't repeatable. Thoughts?

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