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  • Central renderer for a given scene

    - by Loggie
    When creating a central rendering system for all game objects in a given scene I am trying to work out the best way to go about passing the scene to the render system to be rendered. If I have a scene managed by an arbitrary structure, i.e., an octree, bsp trees, quad-tree, kd tree, etc. What is the best way to pass this to the render system? The obvious problem is that if simply given the root node of the structure, the render system would require an intrinsic knowledge of the structure in order to traverse the structure. My solution to this is to clip all objects outside the frustum in the scene manager and then create a list of the objects which are left and pass this simple list to the render system, be it an array, a vector, a linked list, etc. (This would be a structure required by the render system as a means to know which objects should be rendered). The list would of course attempt to minimise OpenGL state changes by grouping objects that require the same rendering operations to be performed on them. I have been thinking a lot about this and started searching various terms on here and followed any additional information/links but I have not really found a definitive answer. The case may be that there is no definitive answer but I would appreciate some advice and tips. My question is, is this a reasonable solution to the problem? Are there any improvements that I could make? Are there any caveats I should know about? Side question: Am I right in assuming that octrees, bsp trees, etc are all forms of BVH?

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  • How Byte loading/storing is implemented By the CPU?

    - by AlexDan
    I know that in 32bit machine, cpu read from memory 32bits at a time. since the registers in this case is 32bit in size too, I can understand how this works. What I don't understand is how the cpu implement load instructions of 1 byte. does it load the whole word where the single byte is located to the register, then perform some kind of "byte shifting", or does the cpu can load a single byte, in this case when does the byte masking happen, is it until the byte got loaded in the register, or it happen when byte is send through the data bus ? P.S. The cpu Im using is MIPS, the instructions Im talking about are: lb or lbu

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  • Starting out with 2D cross-platform game development [closed]

    - by Aran
    I am wanting to challenge myself to build a simple game, that has a character and a randomly generated world. If I get anywhere with it I may perhaps I'll develop it into something more, but the key challenge I want to tackle is cross-platform. I'd also want to have a go at creating engine myself, doing lighting and other bits. Is it worth me using a system like Unity or do I go down a more custom route? The game I would like to make is a 2D game so whether that changes the tools I should use, it would be great to know as well. Supporting mobiles isn't something I am worried about at moment, just looking for Mac and Windows for time being. In future I'll consider other platforms if I get anywhere with the development. So if anyone has any recommendations for a language, engine or system to use would love to her your thoughts.Including pros and cons would be helpful and appreciated and if you can do comparisons that would be awesome as well!

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  • Technologies stack to create soccer game vizualization on web page [on hold]

    - by Lambrusco
    I want to create soccer game vizualization. What technologies will be best to create such one for web page? On input I have two teams with players. I have theory about their movements, the movement of the ball on field and so on. I just want to vizualize their movements. What will be the best technology stack? I mean programming languages (C++, Ruby, Java, PHP) and vizualization ways (Flash, HTML5, JS)

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  • Store VOD wmi data in a database directly or use CQRS?

    - by JD01
    I need to collect Video on demand bandwidth usage every few minutes (or maybe ever few seconds) and store this in a database so users can produce graphs on bandwidth usage over a period of time (few hours, days, weeks or even possibly months). So the sort of data that will be stored will be the number of users watching videos, current server bandwidth (Mb/s), multicast bit rate etc. I am wondering whether using CQRS would be a good approach with Event sourcing as I can then rebuild my objects to create different projections (I.e. different graphs/reports etc) but then again it seems like I am introducing complexity which might not be needed. Or would it be best to just put the data directly in a database (currently using PostGres) directly and query off that? Having thought about it, my table is a form of audit log anyway, so I don't think I need event sourcing at all. Any thoughts?

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  • Why appending to a list in Scala should have O(n) time complexity?

    - by Jubbat
    I am learning Scala at the moment and I just read that the execution time of the append operation for a list (:+) grows linearly with the size of the list. Appending to a list seems like a pretty common operation. Why should the idiomatic way to do this be prepending the components and then reversing the list? It can't also be a design failure as implementation could be changed at any point. From my point of view, both prepending and appending should be O(1). Is there any legitimate reason for this?

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  • Managing multiple references of the same game entity in different places using IDs

    - by vargonian
    I've seen great questions on similar topics, but none that addressed this particular method: Given that I have multiple collections of game entities in my [XNA Game Studio] game, with many entities belonging to multiple lists, I'm considering ways I could keep track of whenever an entity is destroyed and remove it from the lists it belongs to. A lot of potential methods seem sloppy/convoluted, but I'm reminded of a way I've seen before in which, instead of having multiple collections of game entities, you have collections of game entity IDs instead. These IDs map to game entities via a central "database" (perhaps just a hash table). So, whenever any bit of code wants to access a game entity's members, it first checks to see if it's even in the database still. If not, it can react accordingly. Is this a sound approach? It seems that it would eliminate many of the risks/hassles of storing multiple lists, with the tradeoff being the cost of the lookup every time you want to access an object.

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  • .NET DAL and arhitecture

    - by Parhs
    I have seen lots of articles but none really help me. That is because I want to use dapper as a DAL. Should I create repositories with special functions? Like getStaffActive()? If I use repositories I can implement with dapper-extension a generic crud I have no idea how to handle database connection. Where to open the connection? If I do this at every function then how am I supposed to use transaction scope? Somehow the repositories I work with should share a connection in order transaction to work. But how to do this? Openning connection in BLL? If I use queries and execute them directly then still the same thing.

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  • Single responsibility principle - am I overusing it?

    - by Tarun
    For reference - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_responsibility_principle I have a test scenario where in one module of application is responsible for creating ledger entries. There are three basic tasks which could be carried out - View existing ledger entries in table format. Create new ledger entry using create button. Click on a ledger entry in the table (mentioned in first pointer) and view its details in next page. You could nullify a ledger entry in this page. (There are couple more operation/validations in each page but fore sake of brevity I will limit it to these) So I decided to create three different classes - LedgerLandingPage CreateNewLedgerEntryPage ViewLedgerEntryPage These classes offer the services which could be carried out in those pages and Selenium tests use these classes to bring application to a state where I could make certain assertion. When I was having it reviewed with on of my colleague then he was over whelmed and asked me to make one single class for all. Though I yet feel my design is much clean I am doubtful if I am overusing Single Responsibility principle

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  • Understanding Application binary interface (ABI)

    - by Tim
    I am trying to understand the concept of Application binary interface (ABI). From The Linux Kernel Primer: An ABI is a set of conventions that allows a linker to combine separately compiled modules into one unit without recompilation, such as calling conventions, machine interface, and operating-system interface. Among other things, an ABI defines the binary interface between these units. ... The benefits of conforming to an ABI are that it allows linking object files compiled by different compilers. From Wikipedia: an application binary interface (ABI) describes the low-level interface between an application (or any type of) program and the operating system or another application. ABIs cover details such as data type, size, and alignment; the calling convention, which controls how functions' arguments are passed and return values retrieved; the system call numbers and how an application should make system calls to the operating system; and in the case of a complete operating system ABI, the binary format of object files, program libraries and so on. I was wondering whether ABI depends on both the instruction set and the OS. Are the two all that ABI depends on? What kinds of role does ABI play in different stages of compilation: preprocessing, conversion of code from C to Assembly, conversion of code from Assembly to Machine code, and linking? From the first quote above, it seems to me that ABI is needed for only linking stage, not the other stages. Is it correct? When is ABI needed to be considered? Is ABI needed to be considered during programming in C, Assembly or other languages? If yes, how are ABI and API different? Or is it only for linker or compiler? Is ABI specified for/in machine code, Assembly language, and/or of C?

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  • Implementing movement on a grid

    - by Dvole
    I have a simple snake game, where I have other NPC snakes on the field. How do I calculate the movement of those other snakes so that they did not hit walls, and each other? So far I have it like this: I check for current coordinates and when there is a wall nearby I change direction to some other one. And so on, this way the snakes never collide the walls. But not actually colliding other snakes, how do I prevent this? I figured I could probe for the direction I'm heading and if there is anything there I would change direction too, but there is a set of situation where this won't work, for example if another snake will block off all exits later.

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  • Are two database trips reasonable for a login system?

    - by Randolph Potter
    I am designing a login system for a project, and have an issue about it requiring two trips to the database when a user logs in. User types in username and password Database is polled and password hash is retrieved for comparative purposes (first trip) Code tests hash against entered password (and salt), and if verified, resets the session ID New session ID and username are sent back to the database to write a row to the login table, and generate a login ID for that session. EDIT: I am using a random salt. Does this design make sense? Am I missing something? Is my concern about two trips unfounded? Comments and suggestions are welcome.

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  • How should I structure my turn based engine to allow flexibility for players/AI and observation?

    - by Reefpirate
    I've just started making a Turn Based Strategy engine in GameMaker's GML language... And I was cruising along nicely until it came time to handle the turn cycle, and determining who is controlling what player, and also how to handle the camera and what is displayed on screen. Here's an outline of the main switch happening in my main game loop at the moment: switch (GameState) { case BEGIN_TURN: // Start of turn operations/routines break; case MID_TURN: switch (PControlledBy[Turn]) { case HUMAN: switch (MidTurnState) { case MT_SELECT: // No units selected, 'idle' UI state break; case MT_MOVE: // Unit selected and attempting to move break; case MT_ATTACK: break; } break; case COMPUTER: // AI ROUTINES GO HERE break; case OBSERVER: // OBSERVER ROUTINES GO HERE break; } break; case END_TURN: // End of turn routines/operations, and move Turn to next player break; } Now, I can see a couple of problems with this set-up already... But I don't have any idea how to go about making it 'right'. Turn is a global variable that stores which player's turn it is, and the BEGIN_TURN and END_TURN states make perfect sense to me... But the MID_TURN state is baffling me because of the things I want to happen here: If there are players controlled by humans, I want the AI to do it's thing on its turn here, but I want to be able to have the camera follow the AI as it makes moves in the human player's vision. If there are no human controlled player's, I'd like to be able to watch two or more AI's battle it out on the map with god-like 'observer' vision. So basically I'm wondering if there are any resources for how to structure a Turn Based Strategy engine? I've found lots of writing about pathfinding and AI, and those are all great... But when it comes to handling the turn structure and the game states I am having trouble finding any resources at all. How should the states be divided to allow flexibility between the players and the controllers (HUMAN, COMPUTER, OBSERVER)? Also, maybe if I'm on the right track I just need some reassurance before I lay down another few hundred lines of code...

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  • Today's Links (6/27/2011)

    - by Bob Rhubart
    2011 Entrepreneurs of the Year, Northern California Region Drake Martinet reports on the new batch of entrepreneurs joining the ranks of Oracle CEO Larry Ellison, Yahoo CEO Carol Bartz and eBay co-founder Pierre Omidyar as the Norther California Region winners of Ernst & Young's Entrepreneurs of the Year awards. Technical Article: Caching Strategies for Oracle Service Bus 11g William Markito Oliveira illustrates how the right caching strategy can make a big difference in application performance. Kscope 11 - Day 1 and 2 Oracle ACE Director Markus Eisele checks in from Long Beach. Kaleidoscope 2011: Sunday’s Symposium And so does Oracle ACE Director Marco Gralike. Yet another GlassFish 3.1.1 promoted build | The Aquarium "This version was carefully designed to be highly compatible with the previous 3.x versions," says Alexis, "thus leaving you with little reasons not to upgrade as soon as it comes out this summer." Using NoSQL database in your Java EE 6 Applications on GlassFish - MongoDB for now! "The NoSQL databases are not intended to be a replacement for the mainstream RDBMS," says Arun Gupta. I have a performance problem | Alan Hargreaves Good (and entertaining) advice from an Australian Solaris and Network Domain TSC* Principal Field Technologist.

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  • prism and multiple screens

    - by Avi
    OK - I am studying Prism a little because of a "free weekend" offer on Pluralsight. As this is proving too complex for me, I went to the Prism book and looked at the forward, and this is what it said: What comes after “Hello, World?” WPF and Silverlight developers are blessed with an abundance of excellent books... There’s no lack of tutorials on Model-View-ViewModel ... But they stop short of the guidance you need to deliver a non-trivial application in full. Your first screen goes well. You add a second screen and a third. Because you started your solution with the built-in “Navigation Application Template,” adding new screens feels like hanging shirts on a closet rod. You are on a roll. Until the harsh reality of real application requirements sets in. As it happens, your application has 30 screens not three. There’s no room on that closet rod for 30 screens. Some screens are modal pop-ups; you don’t navigate to a pop-up. Screens become interdependent such that user activity in one screen triggers changes that propagate throughout the UI. Some screens are optional; others are visible only to authorized users. Some screens are permanent, while other screens can be opened and closed at will. You discover that navigating back to a previously displayed screen creates a new instance. That’s not what you expected and, to your horror, the prior instance is gone along with the user’s unsaved changes. Now the issue is, I don't relate to this description. I've never been a UI programmer, but same as everyone else I'm using Windows apps such as MS-Office, and web sites such as Amazon, Facebook and StackExchange. And I look at these and I don't see many "so many screens" issues! Indeed, the only applications having many windows I can think of is Visual Studio. Maybe also Visio, a little. But take Word - You have a ribbon and a main window. Or take Facebook: You have those lists on the left (Favorites, Lists, Groups etc.), the status middle, the adds and then the Contacts sidebar. But it's only one page. Of course, I understand that in enterprise scenarios there are dashboad applications where multiple segments of the screen are updated from multiple non-related services. This I dig. But other scenarios? So - What am I missing? What is the "multiple screens" monster Pirsm is supposed to be the silver bullet solution for? Shoud I invest in studying Prism in addition to learning WPF or ASP.NET MVC?

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  • Adjusting server-side tickrate dynamically

    - by Stuart Blackler
    I know nothing of game development/this site, so I apologise if this is completely foobar. Today I experimented with building a small game loop for a network game (think MW3, CSGO etc). I was wondering why they do not build in automatic rate adjustment based on server performance? Would it affect the client that much if the client knew this frame is based on this tickrate? Has anyone attempted this before? Here is what my noobish C++ brain came up with earlier. It will improve the tickrate if it has been stable for x ticks. If it "lags", the tickrate will be reduced down by y amount: // GameEngine.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. // #ifdef WIN32 #include <Windows.h> #else #include <sys/time.h> #include <ctime> #endif #include<iostream> #include <dos.h> #include "stdafx.h" using namespace std; UINT64 GetTimeInMs() { #ifdef WIN32 /* Windows */ FILETIME ft; LARGE_INTEGER li; /* Get the amount of 100 nano seconds intervals elapsed since January 1, 1601 (UTC) and copy it * to a LARGE_INTEGER structure. */ GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft); li.LowPart = ft.dwLowDateTime; li.HighPart = ft.dwHighDateTime; UINT64 ret = li.QuadPart; ret -= 116444736000000000LL; /* Convert from file time to UNIX epoch time. */ ret /= 10000; /* From 100 nano seconds (10^-7) to 1 millisecond (10^-3) intervals */ return ret; #else /* Linux */ struct timeval tv; gettimeofday(&tv, NULL); uint64 ret = tv.tv_usec; /* Convert from micro seconds (10^-6) to milliseconds (10^-3) */ ret /= 1000; /* Adds the seconds (10^0) after converting them to milliseconds (10^-3) */ ret += (tv.tv_sec * 1000); return ret; #endif } int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { int sv_tickrate_max = 1000; // The maximum amount of ticks per second int sv_tickrate_min = 100; // The minimum amount of ticks per second int sv_tickrate_adjust = 10; // How much to de/increment the tickrate by int sv_tickrate_stable_before_increment = 1000; // How many stable ticks before we increase the tickrate again int sys_tickrate_current = sv_tickrate_max; // Always start at the highest possible tickrate for the best performance int counter_stable_ticks = 0; // How many ticks we have not lagged for UINT64 __startTime = GetTimeInMs(); int ticks = 100000; while(ticks > 0) { int maxTimeInMs = 1000 / sys_tickrate_current; UINT64 _startTime = GetTimeInMs(); // Long code here... cout << "."; UINT64 _timeTaken = GetTimeInMs() - _startTime; if(_timeTaken < maxTimeInMs) { Sleep(maxTimeInMs - _timeTaken); counter_stable_ticks++; if(counter_stable_ticks >= sv_tickrate_stable_before_increment) { // reset the stable # ticks counter counter_stable_ticks = 0; // make sure that we don't go over the maximum tickrate if(sys_tickrate_current + sv_tickrate_adjust <= sv_tickrate_max) { sys_tickrate_current += sv_tickrate_adjust; // let me know in console #DEBUG cout << endl << "Improving tickrate. New tickrate: " << sys_tickrate_current << endl; } } } else if(_timeTaken > maxTimeInMs) { cout << endl; if((sys_tickrate_current - sv_tickrate_adjust) > sv_tickrate_min) { sys_tickrate_current -= sv_tickrate_adjust; } else { if(sys_tickrate_current == sv_tickrate_min) { cout << "Please reduce sv_tickrate_min..." << endl; } else{ sys_tickrate_current = sv_tickrate_min; } } // let me know in console #DEBUG cout << "The server has lag. Reduced tickrate to: " << sys_tickrate_current << endl; } ticks--; } UINT64 __timeTaken = GetTimeInMs() - __startTime; cout << endl << endl << "Total time in ms: " << __timeTaken; cout << endl << "Ending tickrate: " << sys_tickrate_current; char test; cin >> test; return 0; }

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  • Why make the login page to a single page application a separate page?

    - by ryanzec
    I am wondering why it seems to be popular to have the login page of a SPA be a separate page that is not page of the SPA (as in loaded and send data through ajax requests)? I only thing I can think of is security but I can't think a specific security reason. I mean the only thing that come to mind is that if your login page in part of the SPA, it sends the username/password through ajax which can be seen by such tools like firebug or web inspector however even if you send it as a normal POST request, there are other tools that can easily capture this data (like fiddler, httpscoop, etc...). Is there something I am missing?

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  • What do you do when one thinks the code isn't complicated enough?

    - by Chris
    After six months of development on a project, our stakeholders have had a "gut check" and have decided that the path that we've been walking (a custom designed application framework and data access layer) is holding us (the developers) back from quickly developing the features they would like to see. After several days of debate management and the development team have decided to scrap the current incarnation and start over using ASP.net MVC, with Entity Framework as the bases of the a 'quick and dirty', lets just get it done project. In days following, our senior developer who has never worked with MVC or Entity Framework has finally gotten into a sample project and done some work. His take on ASP.net MVC, "this is not software engineering". So my question is this; what do you do, when one doesn't think the code is complicated enough?

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  • I love video games and know I want to work in the sector but hate programming

    - by normyp
    I just hate how I'll put in 8-10 hours in and get little to nothing back. The return results for your efforts seem to be pathetically small the majority of the time and I don't find that rewarding enough for me to put in the time and effort to learn programming and make myself better. I've heard game design is fun and I think I'd love that but apparently you can only get into that really if you can program, is that true? I feel a bit lost because I'm doing a degree in Games Technology and am worried that I'm sending myself into a job I'll hate.

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  • Why is Android VM-based? [closed]

    - by adib
    By about 2004, it was clear that ARM is the clear winner for mobile CPUs, beating out MIPS, SH3, and DragonBall. PocketPC (Windows Mobile) applications was natively-compiled (at least most of them - except for .NET compact and its competitors). Likewise, Apple's iOS (named iPhone OS at the time) prefers natively-compiled applications. Then why Android chose a virtual machine based system stack? (the Dalvik VM). Wouldn't it be simpler to just compile applications down to ARM code using GCJ or something? Is the decision influenced by the J2ME-way of doing things, or was just because it's "cool"? Perhaps like most things Java, the culture that prefers multiple levels of indirection and abstractions, they just added another layer of abstraction for "just in case"?

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  • How to build a .Net app which runs on desktop and as a Windows Service

    - by Mike
    Ok, I hope this is not too much confusing (with my poor English). I want to build a small .Net 4.0 app which monitors several other applications on a Windows Server OR on a regular Windows PC. It will have a WPF GUI with a variety of graphical controls. The app will be used in the following scenarios: If installed on a PC it should run as a “normal” single Windows desktop app If installed on a Server, it should run as a Windows Service. To use/manage the app it must have the same WPF GUI as in scenario 1 and the GUI should be run on the Server or on a remote PC At the moment I consider to write the application logic and connect it to the WPF GUI using a self-hosted WCF Data Service IN BOTH SCENARIOS. Since I’m not a pro developer I suppose it’s possible that I've missed something ;-) Will this work? Are there other/better solutions? Any answer or comment is highly appreciated.

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  • As a software architect, am I supposed to focus that much on analysing the logs and fixing other's bugs?

    - by Hatem81
    Since my graduation (late 2005) I was working for the same company as a c++ software engineer. A year ago I was promoted as a software architect but I have found myself involved more and more in qualification and fixing bugs, level 2 support. 50% of my time spent in Notepad++ analysing the software logs and trying to figure out what went wrong. 30% fixing other's bugs and the remaining (if any) reviewing developers spaghetti code. I started hating this product and thinking about an exit strategy out of this company. What do you think I can do in this situation? do you other software architect still fixing bugs in the code?

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  • Advice on how to understand in general and in practice IT Infrastructure

    - by Luca
    My IT knowledge resides mainly in SW development. I have just some basic know how about networks. On the net I tried to get information and read books in order to better understand the overall IT infrastrcuture, but all the sources I found are too generic or, mainly, too detailed in just one aspect, making me lost. Could anyone suggest some books or web resources as good compromise in details? My goal would be able to understand the network issues and security threats when, for example, two remote system have to be setup and put in connection each other. Considering this scenario there are several aspects to consider: firewalls, intranet/internet interconnections, certificates for httpS, etc. The argument is quite wide, therefore I was looking for something that might help to start to understand this subject without going too deep in details (Computer Networks from A.Tanenbaum is a wonderful milestone, but way too specific for my scope). Thanks

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  • MQTT, GWT, ActiveMQ stack to bring jms to the browser

    - by scphantm
    I am in the preliminary stages of architecting a legacy replacement project. They already have sub half second performance on their green screens and they want the same on their web app. We have a 390 mainframe that can handle anything we throw at it but they don't have a good jvm for it, so we have two tiers of websphere servers between the mainframe and the browser, The ui server, and the bl server. For the ui, I'm leaning towards GWT. But one thing that I think would seal the deal is to add messaging capabilities to the browser. The idea is say you click on a link that displays a second panel of information, instead of the classic GWT where it triggers a GWT-RPC call to the ui server, the ui server routs it to the bl server, the bl sends it to the mainframe and back out, it drops an MQTT message directly to the bl server or directly to the mainframe. Say writes go to the bl, reads go to the mainframe. This is an easy enough thing in classic jms because you can issue a message that has an expected response. Then have your callback ready to get the resonse. But from what I'm reading so far. It looks like mqtt doesn't have that. It looks like it's strictly fire and forget, which would make it really tough to come up with a way to get a response back to the workstation that called it. Am I right here? Has anyone tried this stack before with gwt.

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  • What are options for 3rd Party Centralized Software Settings Management?

    - by Jeff Martin
    I am an architect in an enterprise looking to build a SaaS solution. Our products are distributed over many different deployable containers, Web Services, Web UI's, etc. I am looking for some open-source or 3rd party software solution to manage the settings of our application. These would be similar to the settings you might find in Word or Eclipse or Visual Studio. The settings would control various behaviors and features of the product. (Probably not settings like which database to connect to but more like, should I show line numbers on the page or not by default..). Ideally, we would be able to store values for different dimensions (by tenant, by user, by application environment... ) Because we have so many different deployables, I am looking for a centralized solution that can provide a web service that each of the deployables can get their individual settings from. Does anyone know of a centralized service providing this sort of features or give me some help in searching for an alternative to rolling our own?

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