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• Does fast typing influence fast programming?

  - by Lukasz Lew

  Many young programmers think that their bottleneck is typing speed. After some experience one realizes that it is not the case, you have to think much more than type. At some point my room-mate forced me to turn of the light (he sleeps during the night). I had to learn to touch type and I experienced an actual improvement in programming skill. The most surprising was that the improvement not due to sheer typing speed, but to a change in mindset. I'm less afraid now to try new things and refactor them later if they work well. It's like having a new tool in the bag. Have anyone of you had similar experience? Now I trained a touch typing a little with KTouch. I find auto-generate lessons the best. I can use this program to create new lessons out of text files but it's only verbatim training, not auto-generated based on a language model. Do you know any touch typing program that allows creation of custom, but randomized lessons?

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• Networking problems in VMWare with wireless bridge

  - by Robert Koritnik

  Barebone data: virtualization: VMWare Workstation 6.5 (latest) Host: Windows Server 2008 x64 Guest: Windows Server 2008 x86 Host network adapter: Ethernet (see comment) Host network adapter: Wireless (see comment) Guest ethernet network adapter 1: Bridged VMNet (automatic) Guest ethernet network adapter 2: Host only VMNet comment: my host has LAN and Wifi but only one at the same time. I'm either wired or wireless. Never both. So bridged connection on VM goes either via wire or air. Problem When I'm wirelessly connected on the host and I access internet within VM my connection just gets stalled (not dropped). It doesn't experience any timeout whatsoever, it just stops downloading/communicating. For instance: I start downloading a file with a browser (IE/FF/CR doesn't matter) and I have to pause/restart download when speed drops to 0. I could wait indefinitely but connection won't pick-up automatically. What did I miss in my network configuration? Update 1 I've tested this in various combinations. This works fine when host is connected via Ethernet. But when host is connected via Wifi, the connection on the guest works as previously described. It connects fine. It gets a valid IP from DHCP... Everything is cool as long as you don't start doing some intensive network traffic (ie. download a 2MB file) In this case it starts downloading and stops after a while. Speed just drops to 0B/s... Sometimes it picks up back, sometimes it doesn't. Connection still stays and works. I can ping around with no problem.

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• Curios: What makes CPUs better than others? [closed]

  - by Zizma

  I have been wondering about this for a long while now and was hoping someone here could answer it pretty easily. If I was looking for the most powerful CPU what should I really be looking at? There are so many different parameters of a CPU and I am wanting to know what each thing does and what really matters. Basically this: What is the deal with cores? If I take using optimized applications out of the mix would it theoretically better to get quad core 1.0GHz CPU or a 1 core 4 GHz CPU? Also, what is the difference between maybe an Sandy Bridge CPU versus an Ivy Bridge CPU? If they both were had the same clock speed and number of cores would the Ivy Bridge perform better? Does an older Xeon with an equal clock speed and number of cores to a new i7 really perform worse/slower? Does size matter? Why would I go with a 22nm CPU over a 32nm when the size difference is so trivial? What about the cache? When does the cache come into play with performance?

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• Speeding up Outlook Express on Windows XP over satellite

  - by John

  My brother is in the field with Doctors Without Borders. I'm posting this question on his behalf. We use outlook express (on a pc running windows XP) and a 9600 baud dial up satellite phone modem to get our email direct from the server in Paris. As this is a very expensive way to communicate (our satellite bill is $50K a year, no joke), it seems like trying to streamline is a good idea. Here's the question- when we connect, the sequence goes: Send outbox mails. This goes pretty quickly, probably 10-15 seconds for each email, up to maybe a couple minutes for an email of 150k or so). The status bar moves pretty quickly, according to the emails sent. The system then says "Checking for new messages on (our account name), and "Receiving list of messages from server". This takes a long time. Like 10-15 minutes. The status bar crawls along. Then it receives the messages. "Receiving messages from server". Again, each message takes 10-15 seconds, and this part moves along reasonably fast. I'm curious as to what is going on in the second part. It takes forever, and doesn't seem to be part of the sending or receiving messages themselves. Is there a way to speed up the process by changing a preference with communicating with the server or something? Does anyone have any advice for him speeding up what Outlooks Express is doing? Obviously his software is ancient and adding more software is not realistic based on the connection speed. Thanks!

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• It takes a long time until Windows XP recognize I connected USB drive

  - by Pavol G

  I have a problem with my new USB disk. When I connect it to my laptop with Windows XP SP2 it takes about 4-5min until Windows recognizes it and shows it as a new disk. I can also see (disk's LED is blinking) that something is scanning the disk when I connect it; when this is done Windows immediately recognize it. Also when I'm copying data to this disk the speed is about 3.5MB/sec. It's connected using USB2.0. I tried to check for spyware (using Spybot), also tried running Windows in safe mode. But still have the same problems. Do you have any idea what could help to solve this problem? On Windows Vista (another laptop) everything is ok, disk loads in about 15sec and speed is about 20-30MB/sec. Edit: I tried to update to SP3 - no change Edit2: When this "strange" scanning occurs I can see that DPCs process is taking about 50% of CPU. When the scan ends (after 5min) this process take 0% again. Edit3: About the scan time, currently it's taking about 5min, but this time is growing as I'm adding more data to the disk, currently its about 40GB and I don't want to see how long it will take with 1000GB. Thanks a lot for every advice!

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• Hard Drive benchmark values show write very very slow

  - by John

  I recently started to have issues with my laptop being very slow. I ran a hard drive benchmarking tool (by ATTO) that showed that the write speed was very very slow on my boot drive. I ran the same benchmark on my usb drive and it was 650 times faster than my boot drive when it came to writing. Reading is very fast/normal on both. I swapped out an identical drive and ran the same benchmark. This time the drive showed proper write speed. Thinking that I had a hard drive going bad I cloned the old one onto the new one. I managed to clone the problem too. Anyone have any ideas on what in WinXP SP3 might be causing the write issues? I am on a corporate network and we have commercial anti-virus software installed. (AVG I think) I regularly run defraggler and have about 40 gig free on a 100 gig drive. The machine has 4 gigs of memory. Any ideas? TIA J

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• The bottlenecks of any computer, what to look for?

  - by WebDevHobo

  Whether it is a laptop or a desktop, any computer is made up of several pieces of hardware that communicate with each other. Sending data back and forth to ensure that the user gets the desired results. I have seen some theoretical stuff on computers & hardware, but I wonder how it all comes together. CPU RAM Graphics Card L1 CACHE L2 CACHE L3 CACHE FSB ... And all other things. Which is the biggest bottle neck? Why would a person not want/need a big value in one of those categories in certain situations? P.S.: when reading the specs of the i5 750 processor, I came across this description: In place of the FSB, one or more high speed, point-to-point buses called Quick Path Interconnect (QPI) are used, formerly known as Common Serial Interconnect Bus or CSI. QPI features higher bandwidth than the traditional FSB and is better suited to system scaling. What is this, and how does it compare to FSB? EDIT: I am not planning to buy a computer at all. The goal of this question is to understand the internal relation of various hardware pieces, their specific functions and how they work together. For instance, I have heard to a somewhat higher-than-usual amount of L2/L3 Cache can help speed up your computer. What's up with saying that? Also I forgot to mention Hard-disk RPM.

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• Win 2008 R2 - copying TO disk is very slow, copying FROM is more or less okay

  - by avs099

  I have Windows 2008 R2 SP1 with 4 identical SATA disks (Seagate Barracude 7200) in RAID 5 array. It has 4Gb of memory; all recent updates are installed. Problem: when I copy large file from one folder to another, I get about 10MB/s average speed. When I read this file from network share via 1Gbps connection - I get about 25-30 MB/s. Both numbers seems to be low for me - but specifically I'm very frustrated with low write speed. there is no antivirus, no hyper-v, it's just a fileserver - i when i do my tests nobody else reads/write from it (we have only 4 people in a team, so I'm sure). Not sure if that matters, but there is only 1 logic disk "C" with all available space (1400 GB). I'm not an admin at all, so I have no idea where to look and what other information to provide. I did run performance monitor with "% idle time", "avg bytes read", "avg byte write" - here is the screenshot: I'm not sure why there are such obvious spikes. Any idea? Please let me know if you need me to provide more information - what counters should I check, etc. I'm very eager to get this solved. Thank you. UPDATE: we have another Windows 2008 R2 SP1 server with 2 RAID1 arrays - one is disk C (where windows is installed, another one is disk E). It is running Hyper-V and does not have antivirus. I noticed the following behavior when I copy large file (few GBs): C - C: about 50MB/sec C - E: about 55MB/sec E - E: 8MB/sec!!! E - C: 8MB/sec!!! what could cause this?? E drive is RAID1 array from same Seagate Barracuda 1TB drives..

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• Setting my NIC to full duplex

  - by David

  I am trying to optimize the network speed of my Solaris X86 server, and have discovered that the Cisco 3548 that it is connected to has issues with the NIC in my server. The NIC appears to have not been configured fully, and is coming up 100 half-duplex. The 3548 ports are all set to 100 full. Ideally I'd like to have the server set for 100 full, and have been attempting to configure it using ndd commands. However I have had no results. The following command: -bash-3.00# dladm show-dev rtls0 link: unknown speed: 100 Mbps duplex: unknown The NIC shows up as: pci bus 0x0001 cardnum 0x06 function 0x00: vendor 0x10ec device 0x8139 Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ which should be configurable. I have modified the configuration file from auto config (5) to 100 fdx (4) to no avail. If there is no other choice, I could alter the Cisco 3548 to be 100 half-duplex. However, this solution causes huge performance loss. Currently throughput is about 500Kbps, when it should be around 40Mbps.

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• is it good to have or difference between ADSL Modem+WiFi Router and Separate ADSL Modem & Wi-Fi Router?

  - by vikas devde

  I have ADSL2 Modem which I got from my service provider, now I want to setup wireless(Wi-Fi) in my home. I went to shop, where I came to know that there are routers which come up with modem also but they are priced lil higher than the only wi-fi routers. Now it is obvious that I should go for only wi-fi one, as I already have modem. My question is, is there any difference between ADSL+router and only router? I think if I use ADSL+router, the speed will increase lilbit, as modem does modulate and demodulate signals, and router also generates wireless signal, that is time to take conversions is doubled, and if I use ADSL+modem, it will directly convert the signals to wireless, and time will be saved, so the overall speed will increase lilbit. This is what my concept is(Which might be wrong). What do you guys would suggest me? should I take my current modem away and buy an ADSL+router or I should keep my modem and buy only wi-fi one. Please tell me the difference and suggest me which one I should go with, and also suggest me which company router I should go for.

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• Installing mod_pagespeed (Apache module) on CentOS

  - by Sid B

  I have a CentOS (5.7 Final) system on which I already have Apache (2.2.3) installed. I have installed mod_pagespeed by following the instructions on: http://code.google.com/speed/page-speed/download.html and got the following while installing: # rpm -U mod-pagespeed-*.rpm warning: mod-pagespeed-beta_current_x86_64.rpm: Header V4 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 7fac5991 [ OK ] atd: [ OK ] It does appear to be installed properly: # apachectl -t -D DUMP_MODULES Loaded Modules: ... pagespeed_module (shared) And I've made the following changes in /etc/httpd/conf.d/pagespeed.conf Added: ModPagespeedEnableFilters collapse_whitespace,elide_attributes ModPagespeedEnableFilters combine_css,rewrite_css,move_css_to_head,inline_css ModPagespeedEnableFilters rewrite_javascript,inline_javascript ModPagespeedEnableFilters rewrite_images,insert_img_dimensions ModPagespeedEnableFilters extend_cache ModPagespeedEnableFilters remove_quotes,remove_comments ModPagespeedEnableFilters add_instrumentation Commented out the following lines in mod_pagespeed_statistics <Location /mod_pagespeed_statistics> **# Order allow,deny** # You may insert other "Allow from" lines to add hosts you want to # allow to look at generated statistics. Another possibility is # to comment out the "Order" and "Allow" options from the config # file, to allow any client that can reach your server to examine # statistics. This might be appropriate in an experimental setup or # if the Apache server is protected by a reverse proxy that will # filter URLs in some fashion. **# Allow from localhost** **# Allow from 127.0.0.1** SetHandler mod_pagespeed_statistics </Location> As a separate note, I'm trying to run the prescribed system tests as specified on google's site, but it gives the following error. I'm averse to updating wget on my server, as I'm sure there's no need for it for the actual module to function correctly. ./system_test.sh www.domain.com You have the wrong version of wget. 1.12 is required.

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• OpenWrt vs DDWrt

  - by Ioan Paul Pirau

  I have a TP-Link Wr1043ND router and I want to install one of these two firmwares: OpenWRT DD-WRT I read that I can install custom packages and do much more than I can with the original firmware. I would like to ask someone with experience in using both OpenWRT and DD-WRT which he would recommend and why. And to give a few reference points I'm interested in: reliability – network stability both on cable and wireless and on the usb drive performance – network speed, very important also usb drive speed configurability – the possibility to add extensions such as a torrent client, FTP, SSH, WWW and SVN server directly ease of use – the ease of installation and configuration of the router support/docs – how much info there is if you stumble upon a problem and you have to find some documentation, or if there's any free support (but that's a longshot) Of course I don't imagine that I will find the perfect firmware and that one is vastly superior over the other. Also if there's anyone out there who uses one of these firmwares on a TP-Link Wr1043ND, it would be great to get some feedback about the impact of the changes from the original firmware. P.S. I'm open also for Tomato if it's the better one.

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• Help me please with this error

  - by Brandon

  I setup IIS. I moved my folder with all the files to the IIS directory. Now when I go to http://localhost/thefolder I get: An attempt was made to load a program with an incorrect format. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x8007000B) Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.BadImageFormatException: An attempt was made to load a program with an incorrect format. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x8007000B) Source Error: An unhandled exception was generated during the execution of the current web request. Information regarding the origin and location of the exception can be identified using the exception stack trace below. Stack Trace: [BadImageFormatException: An attempt was made to load a program with an incorrect format. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x8007000B)] Luxand.FSDK.ActivateLibrary(String LicenseKey) +0 FaceRecognition._Default.Page_Load(Object sender, EventArgs e) in D:\Project Details\Layne Projects\DotNet Project\FaceRecognition\FaceRecognition\Default.aspx.cs:60 System.Web.Util.CalliHelper.EventArgFunctionCaller(IntPtr fp, Object o, Object t, EventArgs e) +25 System.Web.Util.CalliEventHandlerDelegateProxy.Callback(Object sender, EventArgs e) +42 System.Web.UI.Control.OnLoad(EventArgs e) +132 System.Web.UI.Control.LoadRecursive() +66 System.Web.UI.Page.ProcessRequestMain(Boolean includeStagesBeforeAsyncPoint, Boolean includeStagesAfterAsyncPoint) +2428

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• Windows 7 x64 wired connection problem. IP, gateway, dns assigned, can't ping. Network detected as "Network"

  - by Emil Lerch

  I am having a problem connecting to a specific wired network with my Latitude E6410 laptop. Other wired networks seem to work fine, but this one does not. I have a coworker with me with the same Intel 82577LM Gigabit Network card, and he can connect just fine. I've updated to the latest Intel drivers (11.8.75.0) and am not using Pro Set. I obtain all DHCP information just fine (IP, netmask, DNS server, default gateway). I cannot ping anything (internal or on the Internet - I tried pinging Google's public DNS servers by IP 8.8.8.8), nor can I get answers to any DNS queries through NS Lookup. Windows troubleshooting says everything is fine, but I can't get DNS responses. I've seen issues like this in the past that were related to link speed/duplex autonegotiaion failures, so I've tried manually setting link speed/duplex to all values one by one with no success. My coworker is using all default settings, so he is just using autonegotiate. Any ideas of other things to try?

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• Problems using wondershaper on KVM guest

  - by Daniele Testa

  I am trying to limit bandwidth on one of my KVM guest using Wondershaper. Doing something like this works fine: wondershaper br23 9000 9000 Doing a wget with the setting above gives a download speed of about 1MB/sec like it should. However, it seems this is the highest setting I can use, because setting it to this does not work: wondershaper br23 10000 10000 Doing the same wget with the setting above downloads with full speed, about 70MB/sec in my case. Running a status-check returns the following: qdisc cbq 1: root refcnt 2 rate 10000Kbit (bounded,isolated) prio no-transmit Sent 0 bytes 0 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) backlog 0b 0p requeues 0 borrowed 0 overactions 0 avgidle 12500 undertime 0 qdisc sfq 10: parent 1:10 limit 127p quantum 1514b divisor 1024 perturb 10sec Sent 0 bytes 0 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) backlog 0b 0p requeues 0 qdisc sfq 20: parent 1:20 limit 127p quantum 1514b divisor 1024 perturb 10sec Sent 0 bytes 0 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) backlog 0b 0p requeues 0 qdisc sfq 30: parent 1:30 limit 127p quantum 1514b divisor 1024 perturb 10sec Sent 0 bytes 0 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) backlog 0b 0p requeues 0 qdisc ingress ffff: parent ffff:fff1 ---------------- Sent 0 bytes 0 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) backlog 0b 0p requeues 0 class cbq 1: root rate 10000Kbit (bounded,isolated) prio no-transmit Sent 0 bytes 0 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) backlog 0b 0p requeues 0 borrowed 0 overactions 0 avgidle 12500 undertime 0 class cbq 1:1 parent 1: rate 10000Kbit (bounded,isolated) prio 5 Sent 0 bytes 0 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) backlog 0b 0p requeues 0 borrowed 0 overactions 0 avgidle 12500 undertime 0 class cbq 1:10 parent 1:1 leaf 10: rate 10000Kbit prio 1 Sent 0 bytes 0 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) backlog 0b 0p requeues 0 borrowed 0 overactions 0 avgidle 12500 undertime 0 class cbq 1:20 parent 1:1 leaf 20: rate 9000Kbit prio 2 Sent 0 bytes 0 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) backlog 0b 0p requeues 0 borrowed 0 overactions 0 avgidle 12500 undertime 0 class cbq 1:30 parent 1:1 leaf 30: rate 8000Kbit prio 2 Sent 0 bytes 0 pkt (dropped 0, overlimits 0 requeues 0) backlog 0b 0p requeues 0 borrowed 0 overactions 0 avgidle 12500 undertime 0 What am I doing wrong? Does wondershaper have some kind of upper limit?

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• Is current SATA 6 gb/s equipment simply unreliable?

  - by korkman

  I have a 45-disk array of Seagate Barracuda 3 TB ST3000DM001 (yes these are desktop drives I'm aware of that) in a Supermicro sc847 JBOD, connected via LSI 9285. I have found a solution for the problem description below by reducing speed via MegaCli -PhySetLinkSpeed -phy0 2 -a0; for i in $(seq 48); do MegaCli -PhySetLinkSpeed -phy${i} 2 -a0; done and rebooting. The question remains: Is this typical for current 6 gb/s equipment? Is this the sad state of SATA storage? Or is some of my equipment (the sff-8088 cables come to mind) bad? The Problem was: Synchronizing HW RAID-6, disks kept offlining. Fetching SMART values reveiled that those which offlined did not increase powered-on hours anymore. That is, their firmware (CC4C) seems to crash. Digging into the matter by switching to Software RAID-6, with the disks passed-through, I got tons of kernel messages scattered across all disks, with 6 gb/s: sd 0:0:9:0: [sdb] Sense Key : No Sense [current] Info fld=0x0 sd 0:0:9:0: [sdb] Add. Sense: No additional sense information And finally, when a disk offlines: megasas: [ 5]waiting for 160 commands to complete ... megasas: [35]waiting for 159 commands to complete ... megasas: [155]waiting for 156 commands to complete ... megaraid_sas: pending commands remain after waiting, will reset adapter. Ugly controller reset here, then minutes later: megaraid_sas: Reset successful. sd 0:0:28:0: Device offlined - not ready after error recovery ... sd 0:0:28:0: [sdu] Unhandled error code sd 0:0:28:0: [sdu] Result: hostbyte=DID_ERROR driverbyte=DRIVER_OK sd 0:0:28:0: [sdu] CDB: Read(10): 28 00 23 21 2f 40 00 00 70 00 sd 0:0:28:0: [sdu] killing request Reduced speed to 3 gb/s like written above, all problems vanished.

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• How to calculate RAM value on performance per dollar spent

  - by Stucko

  Hi, I'm trying to make decisions on buying a new PC. I have most specifications (processor/graphic card/hard disk) pin-downed except for RAM. I am wondering what is the best RAM configuration for the amount of money I'm spending. As the question of best is subjective, I'd like to know how would I calculate the value of RAM sticks sold. 1.(sample)The value of amount of memory: 1) CORSAIR PC1333 D3 2GB = costs $80 2) CORSAIR PC1333 D3 4GB = costs $190 would it be better to buy 2 of item 1) instead of 1 of item 2) ?? Although I would normally choose to have 1 of 2) as the difference is only (190-(80*2)) = 30 as I would save 1 DIMM slot, What I need is the value per amount: 1) 80/ 2 = $40 per 1GB 2) 190/ 4 = $47.5 per 1GB 2. The value of frequency: 1) CORSAIR PC1333 4GB = costs 190 2) CORSAIR PC1600C7 4GB = costs 325 Im not even sure of the denominator ... $ per 1 ghz speed? 3. The value of latency: 1) CORSAIR CMP1600C8 8-8-8-24 2GBx3 (triple channel) = costs 589 2) CORSAIR CMP1600C7D 7-7-7-20 2GBx3 (triple channel) = costs 880 Im not even sure of the denominator ... $ per 1 ghz speed? Just for your information i'd like to get the best out of the money im going to spend to put on a 6 DIMM slot i7core motherboard.

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• What to look for in a reliable backup hard disk?

  - by Senthil

  I want to buy an internal hard disk and use a docking station along with it for backing up important data. The size will be around 500GB to 1TB. I have a budget and several models fit into it. So far, they only seem to vary in size, speed and brand. These are the only things I can compare from the specs. I guess asking for which brand is best is completely subjective so I won't do that. I want my disk to have long life and be reliable. Doesn't matter if it is somewhat slow. Size: Should I go for the one with highest size within my budget? Will higher density cause problems? Or should I go for a moderately sized one? Does the number of platters have an impact? Speed: I do not want high performance. I want it to be reliable and last long. I am definitely not going to choose the expensive 10,000 rpm ones. Should I go for 5400 or 7200? Do these numbers affect longevity and reliability? Are there any other technical and objective factors that I should look for?

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• Can anyone explain these differences between two similar i7 processors? [closed]

  - by Brian Frost

  I have two systems I've just built. They both have i7 processors and Asus P8Z77 motherboards. When I run a simple processor loop benchmark that I wrote in Delphi some time back I get one machine showing nealry twice as fast as the other. I then used CPU-Z to dump me the details of the hardware and I see that the fast machine shows: Processor 1 ID = 0 Number of cores 4 (max 8) Number of threads 8 (max 16) Name Intel Core i7 2700K Codename Sandy Bridge Specification Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2700K CPU @ 3.50GHz Package (platform ID) Socket 1155 LGA (0x1) CPUID 6.A.7 Extended CPUID 6.2A Core Stepping D2 Technology 32 nm TDP Limit 95 Watts Core Speed 3610.7 MHz Multiplier x FSB 36.0 x 100.3 MHz Stock frequency 3500 MHz the slow machine shows: Processor 1 ID = 0 Number of cores 4 (max 8) Number of threads 8 (max 16) Name Intel Core i7 2600K Codename Sandy Bridge Specification Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2600K CPU @ 3.40GHz Package (platform ID) Socket 1155 LGA (0x1) CPUID 6.A.7 Extended CPUID 6.2A Core Stepping D2 Technology 32 nm TDP Limit 95 Watts Core Speed 1648.2 MHz Multiplier x FSB 16.0 x 103.0 MHz Stock frequency 3400 MHz i.e the slow machine has a 2600k to the fast machine 2700k. The very different "Multiplier x FSB" must be significant but I dont understand how two processors with a very 'similar' number can be so different. To get the machines the same must I copy the processors or is there some clever setting that I can change? Thanks for any help. Brian.

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• How to manage processes-to-CPU cores affinities ?

  - by Philippe

  I use a distributed user-space filesystem (GlusterFS) and I would like to be sure GlusterFS processes will always have the computing power they need. Each execution node of my grid have 2 CPU, with 4 cores per CPU and 2 threads per core (16 "processors" are seen by Linux). My goal is to guarantee that GlusterFS processes have enough processing power to be reliable, responsive and fast. (There is no marketing here, just the dreams of a sysadmin ;-) I consider two main points : GlusterFS processes I/O for data access (on local disks, or remote disks) I thought about binding the Linux Kernel and GlusterFS instances on a specific "processor". I would like to be sure that : No grid job will impact the kernel and the GlusterFS instances Researchers jobs won't be affected by system processes (I'd like to reserve a pool of cores to job execution and be sure that no system process will use these CPUs) But what about I/O ? As we handle a huge amount of data (several terabytes), we'll have a lot of interuptions. How can I distribute these operations on my processors ? What are the "best practices" ? Thanks for your comments!

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• How would I force Debian to use the physical sector size on a hard disk?

  - by Confused User

  I just purchased a few new 3TB WD drives. These have physical 4k sectors, but there is some sort of layer which is providing 512B logical sectors (see the partition table below). In order to attempt to get some more speed out of my hard drives, I would like to get rid of this logical layer and actually use the physical 4k sectors. However, I can't figure out how to do this (or even if it's possible) from the man pages of fdisk and parted, or from searching Google. Does anybody know how this could be done? As to why this is relevant, this page demonstrates that meerly aligning the sectors properly can already make up to a 25% speed difference for reads, and more than 2500% for writes in some cases! Getting rid of the logical sectors in favor of the physicals ones should improve speeds even more. Thanks! $ parted /dev/sdc GNU Parted 2.3 Using /dev/sdc Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) print Model: ATA WDC WD30EZRX-00M (scsi) Disk /dev/sdc: 3001GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 3001GB 3001GB zfs 9 3001GB 3001GB 8389kB P.S. I don't care about the data on the drives, I was just playing with different file systems. Also, this is my first time posting here, so please let me know if my posts should be formatted differently, etc.

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• finding the best network latency between two countries

  - by Yoav Aner

  I know there are many tools to test for bandwidth and latency, but they all rely on having at least one host from which you can run those tests. I wonder whether there's an online source or some other way to guestimate the latency or speed between two countries (in general). For example, would a customer in Japan get lower latency if the server is located in Singapore or Australia? Is a user in India likely to get higher download speed from a server in the UK or in the US? Are there any online resources or some clever ways to answer those questions with a reasonable degree of accuracy? [UPDATE]: Thanks for the great suggestions from Raffael Luthiger. I didn't know about those looking glass servers. The submarine cable maps were also really cool to discover (Thanks to Jesper Mortensen). Also seems really wise if I could ask those network professional in the area for their experience, but obviously I don't have access to those. At least some of them are on SF :) However, I'm still a little unsure how to combine those resources to give me some measurements. This is the information I have: Two countries (A,B). I do have IP addresses of customers in country A (I can obtain those from the web server log files for example). Presumably I can find some looking glass servers in country B and run a trace to those IPs. What's the best measurements to use? Are there any scripts that help automate at least some of this process?

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• My linux server "Number of processes created" and "Context switches" are growing incredibly fast

  - by Jorge Fuentes González

  I have a strange behaviour in my server :-/. Is a OpenVZ VPS (I think is OpenVZ, because /proc/user_beancounters exists and df -h returns /dev/simfs drive. Also ifconfig returns venet0). When I do cat /proc/stat, I can see how each second about 50-100 processes are created and happens about 800k-1200k context switches! All that info is with the server completely idle, no traffic nor programs running. Top shows 0 load average and 100% idle CPU. I've closed all non-needed services (httpd, mysqld, sendmail, nagios, named...) and the problem still happens. I do ps -ALf each second too and I don't see any changes, only a new ps process is created each time and the PID is just the same as before + 1, so new processes are not created, so I thought that process growing in cat /proc/stat must be threads (Yes, seems that processes in /proc/stat counts threads creation too as this states: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:8NLgzKEzHQQJ:www.linuxhowtos.org/System/procstat.htm&hl=es&tbo=d&gl=es&strip=1). I've changed to /proc dir and done cat [PID]\status with all PIDs listed with ls (Including kernel ones) and in any process voluntary_ctxt_switches nor nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches are growing at the same speed as cat /proc/stat does (just a few tens/second), Threads keeps the same also. I've done strace -p PID to all process too so I can see if any process is crating threads or something but the only process that has a bit of movement is ssh and that movement is read/write operations because of the data is sending to my terminal. After that, I've done vmstat -s and saw that forks is growing at the same speed processes in /proc/stat does. As http://linux.die.net/man/2/fork says, each fork() creates a new PID but my server PID is not growing! The last thing I can think of is that all process data that proc/stat and vmstat -s show is shared with all the other VPS stored in the same machine, but I don't know if that is correct... If someone can throw some light on this I would be really grateful.

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• How do I fix a super slow MacBook?

  - by MakingScienceFictionFact

  I'm running a black MacBook 4.1. Intel Core 2 Duo @ 2.4 GHz, 2 GB RAM, 250 GB hard disk drive, bus speed is 800 MHz. It's about three years old in excellent shape externally. I treat this thing like a baby. It used to run awesome, but now it's super slow at everything. I get the spinning pizza of death constantly. It takes a long time to boot up or load any program, even Safari and iTunes. iPhoto is terribly slow. The Internet doesn't work properly and it reminds me of a buggy PC. I've formatted it and re-installed Mac OS X 10.6 (with all updates), and I've done the disk repairs process. As an iOS developer this is driving me crazy, but luckily I have an iMac to work on in the day which is fast. I'm ready to format it again, but that didn't work last time. After the last format, I copied back files from an external drive so maybe the offending files were hidden in there somewhere. Here are the hard disk drive and RAM specifications. It is upgrade-able to 4 GB of RAM. Hard disk drive: The Fujitsu Mobile MHY2250BH is a 250 GB, standard hard disk drive. Its burst transfer rate is 150 Mbyte/s. This is a 5400 RPM drive and comes with an 8 MB buffer. RAM: two sticks of 1 GB DDR2 SDRAM, speed: 667 MHz.

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• Can enabling a RAID controller's writeback cache harm overall performance?

  - by Nathan O'Sullivan

  I have an 8 drive RAID 10 setup connected to an Adaptec 5805Z, running Centos 5.5 and deadline scheduler. A basic dd read test shows 400mb/sec, and a basic dd write test shows about the same. When I run the two simultaneously, I see the read speed drop to ~5mb/sec while the write speed stays at more or less the same 400mb/sec. The output of iostat -x as you would expect, shows that very few read transactions are being executed while the disk is bombarded with writes. If i turn the controller's writeback cache off, I dont see a 50:50 split but I do see a marked improvement, somewhere around 100mb/s reads and 300mb/s writes. I've also found if I lower the nr_requests setting on the drive's queue (somewhere around 8 seems optimal) I can end up with 150mb/sec reads and 150mb/sec writes; ie. a reduction in total throughput but certainly more suitable for my workload. Is this a real phenomenon? Or is my synthetic test too simplistic? The reason this could happen seems clear enough, when the scheduler switches from reads to writes, it can run heaps of write requests because they all just land in the controllers cache but must be carried out at some point. I would guess the actual disk writes are occuring when the scheduler starts trying to perform reads again, resulting in very few read requests being executed. This seems a reasonable explanation, but it also seems like a massive drawback to using writeback cache on an system with non-trivial write loads. I've been searching for discussions around this all afternoon and found nothing. What am I missing?

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