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  • Rails: Overriding ActiveRecord association method

    - by seaneshbaugh
    Is there a way to override one of the methods provided by an ActiveRecord association? Say for example I have the following typical polymorphic has_many :through association: class Story < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :taggings, :as => :taggable has_many :tags, :through => :taggings, :order => :name end class Tag < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :taggings, :dependent => :destroy has_many :stories, :through => :taggings, :source => :taggable, :source_type => "Story" end As you probably know this adds a whole slew of associated methods to the Story model like tags, tags<<, tags=, tags.empty?, etc. How do I go about overriding one of these methods? Specifically the tags<< method. It's pretty easy to override a normal class methods but I can't seem to find any information on how to override association methods. Doing something like def tags<< *new_tags #do stuff end produces a syntax error when it's called so it's obviously not that simple.

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  • Conference Calling Meetme.conf PROBLEM - Astarisk

    - by Zafer
    I am facing problem in conference calling (OS ubuntu latest) ... I created a conference Room and an extension no .. when i dial from my softphone (3cx or X-Lite) it says "YOU ARE ENTERING CONFERENCE NO 1234. YOU ARE CURRENTLY THE ONLY PERSON IN THE CONFERENCE) and then a music for a second and then shows connected... Now when i dial form another soft phone the same extension it goes to second conference room and plays the same message .. if i create only one conference room .. the second no. didn't connect to it and says no conference room. CAN some one help me out .... I just want to create a conference room OR extension where 4-5 or 6 people can call and make a conference ... i am not very much expert in linux and asterisk so simple steps to achieve my goal .. Thanks

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  • When should I open and close a connection to SQL Server

    - by Martin
    I have a simple static class with a few methods in it. Each of those methods open a SqlConnection, query the database and close the connection. This way, I am sure that I always close the connection to the database, but on the other hand, I don't like to always open and close connection. Below is an example of what my methods look like. public static void AddSomething(string something) { using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection("...")) { connection.Open(); // ... connection.Close(); } } Considering that the methods are inside a static class, should I have a static member containing a single SqlConnection? How and when should I drop it? What are the best practices?

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  • How to make VirtualBox headless answer on rdp port?

    - by stiv
    I'd like to run windows xp on RDP: $ VBoxManage modifyvm winxp32 --vrdeport 3389 $ VBoxHeadless -s winxp32 -v on Oracle VM VirtualBox Headless Interface 4.1.18_Debian (C) 2008-2012 Oracle Corporation All rights reserved. (waiting) in another window: $ telnet localhost 3389 Trying 127.0.0.1... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused Yes, I've read about extension: $ sudo VBoxManage extpack install Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.1.20-80170.vbox-extpack 0%... Progress state: NS_ERROR_FAILURE VBoxManage: error: Failed to install "Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-4.1.20- 80170.vbox-extpack": Extension pack 'Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pack' is already installed. In case of a reinstallation, please uninstall it first Looked through all manuals and all help requests. No success. What's wrong? Any ideas?

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  • strategy for observer pattern?

    - by fayer
    I want to use observer pattern for a logging system. We have got logObservers and logObservables. The class that will have to log something will implement iLogObservable and include these methods: private $logObservers = array(); public function addLogObserver($logObserver) { $this->logObservers[] = $logObserver; } public function removeLogObserver($logObserver) { $this->logObservers[] = $logObserver; } public function write($type, $message) { foreach($this->logObservers as $logObserver) { $logObserver->log($level, $message); ; } } Then I noticed, that a lot of classes that will use logging will have these methods and I have to copy paste. So isn't it better to have these methods in a class I call LogObservable or just Log and then use strategy (instantiate this class inside all classes that will have to log). When I change the methods in Log, all logObservables will be affected. However, I have not seen anyone use observer pattern with strategy pattern yet, but it seems to be very efficient and remove the duplications. What do you think?

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  • swing gui improving

    - by radi
    hi all , i am looking for some methods to improve swing gui for example i want to know about new components libraries , new methods to enhance swing performance , new methods to add special effect to swing gui and new plaf for swing . please i want to know how to use this topics and where to find some tutorials about it . thanks.

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  • Best way to get an Application Context into a static method in Android

    - by Slapout
    I'm working on an Android application that has several Activities. In it I have a class with several static methods. I would like to be able to call these methods from the different Activities. I'm using the static methods to load data from an xml file via a XmlResourceParser. To create a XmlResourceParser requires a call on the Application Context. So my question is, what is the best way to get a reference to the Application Context into the static methods? Have each Activity get it and pass it in? Store it somehow in a global variable?

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  • what is common GIS method?

    - by smile
    hello every one I want to know what is the main methods that used in GIS to connect between the location and their information (spatial access methodes) SAM. I read in some web sites two methods are: vector raster is that methods related what I want??? thank you ^_^

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  • C++ converting back and forth from derived and base classes

    - by user127817
    I was wondering if there is a way in C++ to accomplish the following: I have a base class called ResultBase and two class that are Derived from it, Variable and Expression. I have a few methods that do work on vector<ResultBase> . I want to be able to pass in vectors of Variable and Expression into these methods. I can achieve this by creating a vector<ResultBase> and using static_cast to fill it with the members from my vector of Variable/Expression. However, once the vector has run through the methods, I want to be able to get it back as the vector of Result/Expression. I'll know for sure which one I want back. static_cast won't work here as there isn't a method to reconstruct a Variable/Expression from a ResultBase, and more importantly I wouldn't have the original properties of the Variables/Expressions The methods modify some of the properties of the ResultBase and I need those changes to be reflected in the original vectors. (i.e. ResultBase has a property called IsLive, and one of the methods will modify this property. I want this IsLive value to be reflected in the derived class used to create the ResultBase Whats the easiest way to accomplish this?

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  • Is there a term for this concept, and does it exist in a static-typed language?

    - by Strilanc
    Recently I started noticing a repetition in some of my code. Of course, once you notice a repetition, it becomes grating. Which is why I'm asking this question. The idea is this: sometimes you write different versions of the same class: a raw version, a locked version, a read-only facade version, etc. These are common things to do to a class, but the translations are highly mechanical. Surround all the methods with lock acquires/releases, etc. In a dynamic language, you could write a function which did this to an instance of a class (eg. iterate over all the functions, replacing them with a version which acquires/releases a lock.). I think a good term for what I mean is 'reflected class'. You create a transformation which takes a class, and returns a modified-in-a-desired-way class. Synchronization is the easiest case, but there are others: make a class immutable [wrap methods so they clone, mutate the clone, and include it in the result], make a class readonly [assuming you can identify mutating methods], make a class appear to work with type A instead of type B, etc. The important part is that, in theory, these transformations make sense at compile-time. Even though an ActorModel<T> has methods which change depending on T, they depend on T in a specific way knowable at compile-time (ActorModel<T> methods would return a future of the original result type). I'm just wondering if this has been implemented in a language, and what it's called.

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  • Java method introspection from JRuby

    - by Colin Curtin
    Is there a way from JRuby to introspect on a Java object and find out its Java-land methods? Like what http://github.com/oggy/looksee provides, but for Java. Or like (someobject).methods - 1.methods This would be nice for just taking a look at what a Java object provides versus the APIDoc for it.

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  • ReSharper conventions for names of event handlers.

    - by Belousov Pavel
    Hello, When I add new event handler for any event, VS creates method like Button_Click. But ReSharper underlines this method as Warning, because all methods should not have any delimeters such as "_". How can I customize rules of ReSharper so that it doesn't underline such methods? Or may be I should rename such methods? Thanks in advance.

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  • Grails unit testing domain classes with Set properties - is this safe?

    - by Ali G
    I've created a domain class in Grails like this: class MyObject { static hasMany = [tags: String] // Have to declare this here, as nullable constraint does not seem to be honoured Set tags = new HashSet() static constraints = { tags(nullable: false) } } Writing unit tests to check the size and content of the MyObject.tags property, I found I had to do the following: assertLength(x, myObject.tags as Object[]) assertEquals(new HashSet([...]), myObject.tags) To make the syntax nicer for writing the tests, I implemented the following methods: void assertEquals(List expected, Set actual) { assertEquals(new HashSet(expected), actual) } void assertLength(int expected, Set set) { assertLength(expected, set as Object[]) } I can now call the assertLength() and assertEquals() methods directly on an instance of Set, e.g. assertLength(x, myObject.tags) assertEquals([...], myObject.tags) I'm new to Groovy and Grails, so unaware how dangerous method overloading like this is. Is it safe? If so, I'm slightly* surprised that these methods (or similar) aren't already available - please let me know if they are. * I can see how these methods could also introduce ambiguity if people weren't expecting them. E.g. assertLength(1, set) always passes, no matter what the content of set

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  • PHP 5.4.7 and Apache 2.2 Trouble under Windows XP

    - by IssamTP
    I'm trying to setup a test enviroment on a virtual machine running Windows XP Home (totally updated), with Apache 2.2 and PHP 5.4.7. I can load the PHP 5 module inside httpd.conf and if I don't rename php.ini-DEVELOPMENT (or -PRODUCTION) file to php.ini, the engine works fine. This basic configuration doesn't have MySQL module loaded, so I have to rename rename the .ini-DEVELOPMENT into .ini and edit as follows: ; Directory in which the loadable extensions (modules) reside. ; http://php.net/extension-dir ; extension_dir = "./" ; On windows: extension_dir = "C:/php/ext/" ... extension=php_mysql.dll extension=php_mysqli.dll Restart Apache with no problems and... all I can get is a blank page. Where can I see some error or do you know where is the trouble? Tell me if I need to post something else to give you more details.

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  • Search for files which will open a certain application in Mac OS X

    - by Jacob Palme
    In Mac OS X, when you doubleclick on a file name, that file will open with the application which created the file. So there must be stored, somewhere in the file description on a Mac OS X file, information on which application created this file. Note that this is not the file extension, the file can have any extension, or no extension at all. Two questions regarding this information: (1) How can I search for all files which will open a specific application? (2) How can I see, and change, the application which a certain file will open?

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  • Does Qt support virtual pure slots ?

    - by ereOn
    Hi, My GUI project in Qt has a lot of "configuration pages" classes which all inherit directly from QWidget. Recently, I realized that all these classes share 2 commons slots (loadSettings() and saveSettings()). Regarding this, I have two questions: Does it make sense to write a intermediate base abstract class (lets name it BaseConfigurationPage) with these two slots as virtual pure methods ? (Every possible configuration page will always have these two methods, so I would say "yes") Before I do the heavy change in my code (if I have to) : does Qt support virtual pure slots ? Is there anything I should be aware of ? Here is a code example describing everything: class BaseConfigurationPage : public QWidget { // Some constructor and other methods, irrelevant here. public slots: virtual void loadSettings() = 0; virtual void saveSettings() = 0; }; class GeneralConfigurationPage : public BaseConfigurationPage { // Some constructor and other methods, irrelevant here. public slots: void loadSettings(); void saveSettings(); };

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  • Example of contravariance

    - by Misha
    I am thinking of the following example to illustrate why contravariance is useful. Let's consider a GUI framework with Widgets, Events, and Event Listeners. abstract class Event; class KeyEvent extends Event class MouseEvent extends Event trait EventListener[-Event] { def listen(e:Event) } Let Widgets define the following methods: def addKeyEventListener(listener:EventListener[KeyEvent]) def addMouseEventListener(listener:EventListener[MouseEvent]) These methods accept only "specific" event listeners, which is fine. However I would like to define also "kitchen-sink" listeners, which listen to all events, and pass such listeners to the "add listener" methods above. For instance, I would like to define LogEventListener to log all incoming events class LogEventListener extends EventListener[Event] { def listen(e:Event) { log(event) } } Since the trait EventListener is contravariant in Event we can pass LogEventListener to all those "add listener" methods without losing their type safety. Does it make sense ?

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  • Writing a synchronized thread-safety wrapper for NavigableMap

    - by polygenelubricants
    java.util.Collections currently provide the following utility methods for creating synchronized wrapper for various collection interfaces: synchronizedCollection(Collection<T> c) synchronizedList(List<T> list) synchronizedMap(Map<K,V> m) synchronizedSet(Set<T> s) synchronizedSortedMap(SortedMap<K,V> m) synchronizedSortedSet(SortedSet<T> s) Analogously, it also has 6 unmodifiedXXX overloads. The glaring omission here are the utility methods for NavigableMap<K,V>. It's true that it extends SortedMap, but so does SortedSet extends Set, and Set extends Collection, and Collections have dedicated utility methods for SortedSet and Set. Presumably NavigableMap is a useful abstraction, or else it wouldn't have been there in the first place, and yet there are no utility methods for it. So the questions are: Is there a specific reason why Collections doesn't provide utility methods for NavigableMap? How would you write your own synchronized wrapper for NavigableMap? Glancing at the source code for OpenJDK version of Collections.java seems to suggest that this is just a "mechanical" process Is it true that in general you can add synchronized thread-safetiness feature like this? If it's such a mechanical process, can it be automated? (Eclipse plug-in, etc) Is this code repetition necessary, or could it have been avoided by a different OOP design pattern?

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  • In Emacs, how can I use imenu more sensibly with C#?

    - by Cheeso
    I've used emacs for a long time, but I haven't been keeping up with a bunch of features. One of these is speedbar, which I just briefly investigated now. Another is imenu. Both of these were mentioned in in-emacs-how-can-i-jump-between-functions-in-the-current-file? Using imenu, I can jump to particular methods in the module I'm working in. But there is a parse hierarchy that I have to negotiate before I get the option to choose (with autocomplete) the method name. It goes like this. I type M-x imenu and then I get to choose Using or Types. The Using choice allows me to jump to any of the using statements at the top level of the C# file (something like imports statements in a Java module, for those of you who don't know C#). Not super helpful. I choose Types. Then I have to choose a namespace and a class, even though there is just one of each in the source module. At that point I can choose between variables, types, and methods. If I choose methods I finally get the list of methods to choose from. The hierarchy I traverse looks like this; Using Types Namespace Class Types Variables Methods method names Only after I get to the 5th level do I get to select the thing I really want to jump to: a particular method. Imenu seems intelligent about the source module, but kind of hard to use. Am I doing it wrong?

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  • Gmail - Ways to have more than 20 items per page in the search results

    - by Andrei
    Gmail has the notorious limitation of 20 results per page when searching your mail. Is there an extension (Chrome - preferable, Firefox, etc.) that can fix this (i.e. allow more than 20 items per page)? Based on my experience this should be entirely doable (have the extension move across pages in the background and then collect the results). Is there an extension that can already do this? I'm asking because I couldn't find one.

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  • what is the best practice approach for n-tier application development with entity framework?

    - by samsur
    I am building an application using entity framework. I am using the T4 template to generate self tracking entities. Currently, I am thinking of creating the entity framework code in a separate project. In this same project, I would have partial classes with additional methods for the entities. I am thinking of creating a separate project for a service layer (WCF) with methods for the upper/presentation tier. The WCF layer will reference the entity framework project. The methods in the WCF layer will return the entities or accept the entities as the parameters. I am thinkg of creating a third project for the presentation layer (ASP.net), this will make calls to the WCF service but will also need to reference the entities as the WCF methods take these types as the parameters/return types. In short, i want to use the STE entities generated by the T4 template as a DTO to be used in all layers. I was originally thinking of creating a business logic layer that maps to each entities. Example: If i have a customer class, the Business Layer would have a CustomerBLL class and then methods in the customerBLL will be used by the service layer. I was also trying to create a DTO in this business layer. I however found that this approach is very time consuming and i do not see a major benefit as it would create more maintenance work. What is the best practice for n-tier application development using entity framework 4?

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  • Is there a design pattern that expresses objects (an their operations) in various states?

    - by darren
    Hi I have a design question about the evolution of an object (and its state) after some sequence of methods complete. I'm having trouble articulating what I mean so I may need to clean up the question based on feedback. Consider an object called Classifier. It has the following methods: void initialise() void populateTrainingSet(TrainingSet t) void pupulateTestingSet(TestingSet t) void train() void test() Result predict(Instance i) My problem is that these methods need to be called in a certain order. Futher, some methods are invalid until a previous method is called, and some methods are invalid after a method has been called. For example, it would be invalid to call predict() before test() was called, and it would be invalid to call train() after test() was called. My approach so far has been to maintain a private enum that represents the current stateof the object: private static enum STATE{ NEW, TRAINED, TESTED, READY}; But this seems a bit cloogy. Is there a design pattern for such a problem type? Maybe something related to the template method.

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  • JUnit 4 test suite problems

    - by Hypnus
    Hi, i have a problem with some JUnit 4 tests that i run with a test suite. If i run the tests individually they work with no problems but when run in a suite most of them, 90% of the test methods, fail with errors. What i noticed is that always the first tests works fine but the rest are failing. Another thing is that a few of the tests the methods are not executed in the right order (the reflection does not work as aspected - or it does because the retrieval of the methods is not necessarily in the created order). This usually happens if there is more than one test with methods that have the same name. I tried to debug some of the tests and it seems that from a line to the next the value of some attributes gets null. Does anyone know what is the problem, or if the behavior is "normal"? Thanks in advance.

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  • REST WCF service locks thread when called using AJAX in an ASP.Net site

    - by Jupaol
    I have a WCF REST service consumed in an ASP.Net site, from a page, using AJAX. I want to be able to call methods from my service async, which means I will have callback handlers in my javascript code and when the methods finish, the output will be updated. The methods should run in different threads, because each method will take different time to complete their task I have the code semi-working, but something strange is happening because the first time I execute the code after compiling, it works, running each call in a different threads but subsequent calls blocs the service, in such a way that each method call has to wait until the last call ends in order to execute the next one. And they are running on the same thread. I have had the same problem before when I was using Page Methods, and I solved it by disabling the session in the page but I have not figured it out how to do the same when consuming WCF REST services Note: Methods complete time (running them async should take only 7 sec and the result should be: Execute1 - Execute3 - Execute2) Execute1 -- 2 sec Execute2 -- 7 sec Execute3 -- 4 sec Output After compiling Output subsequent calls (this is the problem) I will post the code...I'll try to simplify it as much as I can Service Contract [ServiceContract( SessionMode = SessionMode.NotAllowed )] public interface IMyService { // I have other 3 methods like these: Execute2 and Execute3 [OperationContract] [WebInvoke( RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, UriTemplate = "/Execute1", Method = "POST")] string Execute1(string param); } [AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)] [ServiceBehavior( InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.PerCall )] public class MyService : IMyService { // I have other 3 methods like these: Execute2 (7 sec) and Execute3(4 sec) public string Execute1(string param) { var t = Observable.Start(() => Thread.Sleep(2000), Scheduler.NewThread); t.First(); return string.Format("Execute1 on: {0} count: {1} at: {2} thread: {3}", param, "0", DateTime.Now.ToString(), Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString()); } } ASPX page <%@ Page EnableSessionState="False" Title="Home Page" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="RestService._Default" %> <asp:Content ID="HeaderContent" runat="server" ContentPlaceHolderID="HeadContent"> <script type="text/javascript"> function callMethodAsync(url, data) { $("#message").append("<br/>" + new Date()); $.ajax({ cache: false, type: "POST", async: true, url: url, data: '"de"', contentType: "application/json", dataType: "json", success: function (msg) { $("#message").append("<br/>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;" + msg); }, error: function (xhr) { alert(xhr.responseText); } }); } $(function () { $("#callMany").click(function () { $("#message").html(""); callMethodAsync("/Execute1", "hello"); callMethodAsync("/Execute2", "crazy"); callMethodAsync("/Execute3", "world"); }); }); </script> </asp:Content> <asp:Content ID="BodyContent" runat="server" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent"> <input type="button" id="callMany" value="Post Many" /> <div id="message"> </div> </asp:Content> Web.config (relevant) <system.webServer> <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true" /> </system.webServer> <system.serviceModel> <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" /> <standardEndpoints> <webHttpEndpoint> <standardEndpoint name="" helpEnabled="true" automaticFormatSelectionEnabled="true" /> </webHttpEndpoint> </standardEndpoints> </system.serviceModel> Global.asax void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { RouteTable.Routes.Ignore("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}"); RouteTable.Routes.Add(new ServiceRoute("", new WebServiceHostFactory(), typeof(MyService))); }

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