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  • std::list or std::multimap

    - by Tamir
    Hey, I right now have a list of a struct that I made, I sort this list everytime I add a new object, using the std::list sort method. I want to know what would be faster, using a std::multimap for this or std::list, since I'm iterating the whole list every frame (I am making a game). I would like to hear your opinion, for what should I use for this incident.

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  • Visual Studio C++ list iterator not decementable

    - by user69514
    I keep getting an error on visual studio that says list iterator not decrementable: line 256 My program works fine on Linux, but visual studio compiler throws this error. Dammit this is why I hate windows. Why can't the world run on Linux? Anyway, do you see what my problem is? #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <sstream> #include <list> using namespace std; int main(){ /** create the list **/ list<int> l; /** create input stream to read file **/ ifstream inputstream("numbers.txt"); /** read the numbers and add them to list **/ if( inputstream.is_open() ){ string line; istringstream instream; while( getline(inputstream, line) ){ instream.clear(); instream.str(line); /** get he five int's **/ int one, two, three, four, five; instream >> one >> two >> three >> four >> five; /** add them to the list **/ l.push_back(one); l.push_back(two); l.push_back(three); l.push_back(four); l.push_back(five); }//end while loop }//end if /** close the stream **/ inputstream.close(); /** display the list **/ cout << "List Read:" << endl; list<int>::iterator i; for( i=l.begin(); i != l.end(); ++i){ cout << *i << " "; } cout << endl << endl; /** now sort the list **/ l.sort(); /** display the list **/ cout << "Sorted List (head to tail):" << endl; for( i=l.begin(); i != l.end(); ++i){ cout << *i << " "; } cout << endl; list<int> lReversed; for(i=l.begin(); i != l.end(); ++i){ lReversed.push_front(*i); } cout << "Sorted List (tail to head):" << endl; for(i=lReversed.begin(); i!=lReversed.end(); ++i){ cout << *i << " "; } cout << endl << endl; /** remove first biggest element and display **/ l.pop_back(); cout << "List after removing first biggest element:" << endl; cout << "Sorted List (head to tail):" << endl; for( i=l.begin(); i != l.end(); ++i){ cout << *i << " "; } cout << endl; cout << "Sorted List (tail to head):" << endl; lReversed.pop_front(); for(i=lReversed.begin(); i!=lReversed.end(); ++i){ cout << *i << " "; } cout << endl << endl; /** remove second biggest element and display **/ l.pop_back(); cout << "List after removing second biggest element:" << endl; cout << "Sorted List (head to tail):" << endl; for( i=l.begin(); i != l.end(); ++i){ cout << *i << " "; } cout << endl; lReversed.pop_front(); cout << "Sorted List (tail to head):" << endl; for(i=lReversed.begin(); i!=lReversed.end(); ++i){ cout << *i << " "; } cout << endl << endl; /** remove third biggest element and display **/ l.pop_back(); cout << "List after removing third biggest element:" << endl; cout << "Sorted List (head to tail):" << endl; for( i=l.begin(); i != l.end(); ++i){ cout << *i << " "; } cout << endl; cout << "Sorted List (tail to head):" << endl; lReversed.pop_front(); for(i=lReversed.begin(); i!=lReversed.end(); ++i){ cout << *i << " "; } cout << endl << endl; /** create frequency table **/ const int biggest = 1000; //create array size of biggest element int arr[biggest]; //set everything to zero for(int j=0; j<biggest+1; j++){ arr[j] = 0; } //now update number of occurences for( i=l.begin(); i != l.end(); i++){ arr[*i]++; } //now print the frequency table. only print where occurences greater than zero cout << "Final list frequency table: " << endl; for(int j=0; j<biggest+1; j++){ if( arr[j] > 0 ){ cout << j << ": " << arr[j] << " occurences" << endl; } } return 0; }//end main

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  • is back_insert_iterator<> safe to be passed by value?

    - by afriza
    I have a code that looks something like: struct Data { int value; }; class A { public: typedef std::deque<boost::shared_ptr<Data> > TList; std::back_insert_iterator<TList> GetInserter() { return std::back_inserter(m_List); } private: TList m_List; }; class AA { boost::scoped_ptr<A> m_a; public: AA() : m_a(new A()) {} std::back_insert_iterator<A::TList> GetDataInserter() { return m_a->GetInserter(); } }; class B { template<class OutIt> CopyInterestingDataTo(OutIt outIt) { // loop and check conditions for interesting data // for every `it` in a Container<Data*> // create a copy and store it for( ... it = ..; .. ; ..) if (...) { *outIt = OutIt::container_type::value_type(new Data(**it)); outIt++; // dummy } } void func() { AA aa; CopyInterestingDataTo(aa.GetInserter()); // aa.m_a->m_List is empty! } }; The problem is that A::m_List is always empty even after CopyInterestingDataTo() is called. However, if I debug and step into CopyInterestingDataTo(), the iterator does store the supposedly inserted data!

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  • Compilation errors calling find_if using a functor

    - by Jim Wong
    We are having a bit of trouble using find_if to search a vector of pairs for an entry in which the first element of the pair matches a particular value. To make this work, we have defined a trivial functor whose operator() takes a pair as input and compares the first entry against a string. Unfortunately, when we actually add a call to find_if using an instance of our functor constructed using a temporary string value, the compiler produces a raft of error messages. Oddly (to me, anyway), if we replace the temporary with a string that we've created on the stack, things seem to work. Here's what the code (including both versions) looks like: typedef std::pair<std::string, std::string> MyPair; typedef std::vector<MyPair> MyVector; struct MyFunctor: std::unary_function <const MyPair&, bool> { explicit MyFunctor(const std::string& val) : m_val(val) {} bool operator() (const MyPair& p) { return p.first == m_val; } const std::string m_val; }; bool f(const char* s) { MyFunctor f(std::string(s)); // ERROR // std::string str(s); // MyFunctor f(str); // OK MyVector vec; MyVector::const_iterator i = std::find_if(vec.begin(), vec.end(), f); return i != vec.end(); } And here's what the most interesting error message looks like: /usr/include/c++/4.2.1/bits/stl_algo.h:260: error: conversion from ‘std::pair, std::allocator , std::basic_string, std::allocator ’ to non-scalar type ‘std::string’ requested Because we have a workaround, we're mostly curious as to why the first form causes problems. I'm sure we're missing something, but we haven't been able to figure out what it is.

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  • Trouble passing a template function as an argument to another function in C++

    - by Darel
    Source of the problem -Accelerated C++, problem 8-5 I've written a small program that examines lines of string input, and tallies the number of times a word appears on a given line. The following code accomplishes this: #include <map> #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> #include <list> #include <cctype> #include <iterator> using std::vector; using std::string; using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl; using std::getline; using std::istream; using std::string; using std::list; using std::map; using std::isspace; using std::ostream_iterator; using std::allocator; inline void keep_window_open() { cin.clear(); cout << "Please enter EOF to exit\n"; char ch; cin >> ch; return; } template <class Out> void split(const string& s, Out os) { vector<string> ret; typedef string::size_type string_size; string_size i = 0; // invariant: we have processed characters `['original value of `i', `i)' while (i != s.size()) { // ignore leading blanks // invariant: characters in range `['original `i', current `i)' are all spaces while (i != s.size() && isspace(s[i])) ++i; // find end of next word string_size j = i; // invariant: none of the characters in range `['original `j', current `j)' is a space while (j != s.size() && !isspace(s[j])) ++j; // if we found some nonwhitespace characters if (i != j) { // copy from `s' starting at `i' and taking `j' `\-' `i' chars *os++ = (s.substr(i, j - i)); i = j; } } } // find all the lines that refer to each word in the input map<string, vector<int> > xref(istream& in) // works // now try to pass the template function as an argument to function - what do i put for templated type? //map<string, vector<int> > xref(istream& in, void find_words(vector<string, typedef Out) = split) #LINE 1# { string line; int line_number = 0; map<string, vector<int> > ret; // read the next line while (getline(in, line)) { ++line_number; // break the input line into words vector<string> words; // works // #LINE 2# split(line, back_inserter(words)); // #LINE 3# //find_words(line, back_inserter(words)); // #LINE 4# attempting to use find_words as an argument to function // remember that each word occurs on the current line for (vector<string>::const_iterator it = words.begin(); it != words.end(); ++it) ret[*it].push_back(line_number); } return ret; } int main() { cout << endl << "Enter lines of text, followed by EOF (^Z):" << endl; // call `xref' using `split' by default map<string, vector<int> > ret = xref(cin); // write the results for (map<string, vector<int> >::const_iterator it = ret.begin(); it != ret.end(); ++it) { // write the word cout << it->first << " occurs on line(s): "; // followed by one or more line numbers vector<int>::const_iterator line_it = it->second.begin(); cout << *line_it; // write the first line number ++line_it; // write the rest of the line numbers, if any while (line_it != it->second.end()) { cout << ", " << *line_it; ++line_it; } // write a new line to separate each word from the next cout << endl; } keep_window_open(); return 0; } As you can see, the split function is a template function to handle various types of output iterators as desired. My problem comes when I try to generalize the xref function by passing in the templated split function as an argument. I can't seem to get the type correct. So my question is, can you pass a template function to another function as an argument, and if so, do you have to declare all types before passing it? Or can the compiler infer the types from the way the templated function is used in the body? To demonstrate the errors I get, comment out the existing xref function header, and uncomment the alternate header I'm trying to get working (just below the following commment line.) Also comment the lines tagged LINE 2 and LINE 3 and uncomment LINE 4, which is attempting to use the argument find_words (which defaults to split.) Thanks for any feedback!

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  • Why can't I access a const vector with iterator?

    - by tsubasa
    My example is as below. I found out the problem is with "const" in function void test's parameter. I don't know why the compiler does not allow. Could anybody tell me? Thanks. vector<int> p; void test(const vector<int> &blah) { vector<int>::iterator it; for (it=blah.begin(); it!=blah.end(); it++) { cout<<*it<<" "; } } int main() { p.push_back(1); p.push_back(2); p.push_back(3); test(p); return 0; }

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  • Providing less than operator for one element of a pair

    - by Koszalek Opalek
    What would be the most elegant way too fix the following code: #include <vector> #include <map> #include <set> using namespace std; typedef map< int, int > row_t; typedef vector< row_t > board_t; typedef row_t::iterator area_t; bool operator< ( area_t const& a, area_t const& b ) { return( a->first < b->first ); }; int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) { int row_num; area_t it; set< pair< int, area_t > > queue; queue.insert( make_pair( row_num, it ) ); // does not compile }; One way to fix it is moving the definition of less< to namespace std (I know, you are not supposed to do it.) namespace std { bool operator< ( area_t const& a, area_t const& b ) { return( a->first < b->first ); }; }; Another obvious solution is defining less than< for pair< int, area_t but I'd like to avoid that and be able to define the operator only for the one element of the pair where it is not defined.

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  • C++: is it safe to work with std::vectors as if they were arrays?

    - by peoro
    I need to have a fixed-size array of elements and to call on them functions that require to know about how they're placed in memory, in particular: functions like glVertexPointer, that needs to know where the vertices are, how distant they are one from the other and so on. In my case vertices would be members of the elements to store. to get the index of an element within this array, I'd prefer to avoid having an index field within my elements, but would rather play with pointers arithmetic (ie: index of Element *x will be x - & array[0]) -- btw, this sounds dirty to me: is it good practice or should I do something else? Is it safe to use std::vector for this? Something makes me think that an std::array would be more appropriate but: Constructor and destructor for my structure will be rarely called: I don't mind about such overhead. I'm going to set the std::vector capacity to size I need (the size that would use for an std::array, thus won't take any overhead due to sporadic reallocation. I don't mind a little space overhead for std::vector's internal structure. I could use the ability to resize the vector (or better: to have a size chosen during setup), and I think there's no way to do this with std::array, since its size is a template parameter (that's too bad: I could do that even with an old C-like array, just dynamically allocating it on the heap). If std::vector is fine for my purpose I'd like to know into details if it will have some runtime overhead with respect to std::array (or to a plain C array): I know that it'll call the default constructor for any element once I increase its size (but I guess this won't cost anything if my data has got an empty default constructor?), same for destructor. Anything else?

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  • How to use a "vector of vector" ?

    - by Mike Dooley
    Hi! I allready searched on the web for it but I didn't get satisfying results. I want to create something like vector< vector<int*> > test_vector; How do i fill this vector of vector? How to acces it's members? Maybe someone knows some nice tutorials on the web? kind regards mikey

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  • Vector [] vs copying

    - by sak
    What is faster and/or generally better? vector<myType> myVec; int i; myType current; for( i = 0; i < 1000000; i ++ ) { current = myVec[ i ]; doSomethingWith( current ); doAlotMoreWith( current ); messAroundWith( current ); checkSomeValuesOf( current ); } or vector<myType> myVec; int i; for( i = 0; i < 1000000; i ++ ) { doSomethingWith( myVec[ i ] ); doAlotMoreWith( myVec[ i ] ); messAroundWith( myVec[ i ] ); checkSomeValuesOf( myVec[ i ] ); } I'm currently using the first solution. There are really millions of calls per second and every single bit comparison/move is performance-problematic.

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  • C++: Templates for static functions?

    - by Rosarch
    I have a static Utils class. I want certain methods to be templated, but not the entire class. How do I do this? This fails: #pragma once #include <string> using std::string; class Utils { private: template<class InputIterator, class Predicate> static set<char> findAll_if_rec(InputIterator begin, InputIterator end, Predicate pred, set<char> result); public: static void PrintLine(const string& line, int tabLevel = 0); static string getTabs(int tabLevel); template<class InputIterator, class Predicate> static set<char> Utils::findAll_if(InputIterator begin, InputIterator end, Predicate pred); }; Error: utils.h(10): error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '<' utils.h(10): error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int utils.h(10): error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int utils.h(10): error C2238: unexpected token(s) preceding ';' utils.h(10): error C2988: unrecognizable template declaration/definition utils.h(10): error C2059: syntax error : '<' What am I doing wrong? What is the correct syntax for this? Incidentally, I'd like to templatize the return value, too. So instead of: template<class InputIterator, class Predicate> static set<char> findAll_if_rec(InputIterator begin, InputIterator end, Predicate pred, set<char> result); I'd have: template<class return_t, class InputIterator, class Predicate> static return_t findAll_if_rec(InputIterator begin, InputIterator end, Predicate pred, set<char> result); How would I specify that: 1) return_t must be a set of some sort 2) InputIterator must be an iterator 3) InputIterator's type must work with return_t's type. Thanks.

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  • How are iterators and pointers related?

    - by sharptooth
    Code with iterators looks pretty much like code with pointers. Iterators are of some obscure type (like std::vector<int>::iterator for example). What I don't get is how iterators and pointer are related to each other - is an iterator a wrapper around a pointer with overloaded operations to advance to adjacent elements or is it something else?

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  • How do I force my std::map to deallocate memory used?

    - by monkeyking
    I'm using a std::map, and I can't seem to free the memory back to the OS. It looks like, int main(){ aMap m; while(keepGoing){ while(fillUpMap){ //populate m } doWhatIwantWithMap(m); m.clear(); //flush some buffered values into map for next iteration flushIntoMap(m); } } Each (fillUpmap) allocates around 1gig, so I'm very much interested in getting this back to my system before it eats up all my memory. Ive experienced the same with std::vector, but there I could force it to free by doing a swap with an empty std::vector. This doesn't work with map. When I use valgrind it says that all memory is freed, so its not a problem with a leak, since everything is cleared up nicely after a run.

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  • Best way to insert items from a Derived class's constructor into a Base class's private std::vector?

    - by Will
    I have these classes: class Base { ... private: std::vector<X> v; }; class Derived { Derived(X*, int n); } where the constructor of Derived is passed an array of item Xs, which I need to insert into my vector v in the Base class. (X is a smart pointer) Currently I see two ways to do this: 1) Create a function in Base: InsertItem(X*) that will insert an item into the vector. 2) Create a vector in Derived that contains the full list, then get it into Base by moving the entire vector. I dont see any advantages to #2, but was wondering if #1 was a good solution, or if there are better ways to do this. Thanks!

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  • functor returning 0

    - by Jon
    I've recently started teaching myself the standard template library. I was curious as to why the GetTotal() method in this class is returning 0? ... class Count { public: Count() : total(0){} void operator() (int val){ total += val;} int GetTotal() { return total;} private: int total; }; void main() { set<int> s; Count c; for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++) s.inset(i); for_each(s.begin(), s.end(), c); cout << c.GetTotal() << endl; }

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  • Can I use vector as index in map structure in c++?

    - by tsubasa
    I attempted to do something like this but it does not compile: class point { public: int x; int y; }; int main() { vector<point> vp1; vector<point> vp2; vector<point> vp3; map < vector<point>, int > m; m[vp1] = 1; m[vp2] = 2; m[vp3] = 3; map < vector<point>, int >::iterator it; for (it=m.begin(); it!=m.end(); it++) { cout<<m[it->first]<<endl; } return 0; }

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  • std::map insert segmentation fault

    - by Jakub Czaplicki
    Why does this code stop with segmentation fault : class MapFile { public: /* ... */ std::map <unsigned int, unsigned int> inToOut; }; bool MapFile::LoadMapFile( const wxString& fileName ) { /* ... */ inToOut.insert( std::make_pair(input,output) ); } but this one works fine : class MapFile { public: /* ... */ }; bool MapFile::LoadMapFile( const wxString& fileName ) { /* ... */ std::map <unsigned int, unsigned int> inToOut; inToOut.insert( std::make_pair(input,output) ); } ?

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  • C++'s std::string pools, debug builds? std::string and valgrind problems

    - by Den.Jekk
    Hello, I have a problem with many valgrind warnings about possible memory leaks in std::string, like this one: 120 bytes in 4 blocks are possibly lost in loss record 4,192 of 4,687 at 0x4A06819: operator new(unsigned long) (vg_replace_malloc.c:230) by 0x383B89B8B0: std::string::_Rep::_S_create(unsigned long, unsigned long, std::allocator<char> const&) (in /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.8) by 0x383B89C3B4: (within /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.8) by 0x383B89C4A9: std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::basic_string(char const*, unsigned long, std::allocator<char> const&) (in /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.8) I'm wondering: does std::string (GCC 4.1.2) use any memory pools? if so, is there any way to disable the pools (in form of a debug build etc.)? Regards, Den

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  • How to call a method withgin a vector?

    - by Mike Dooley
    Hi! How do I call a method of an object which is stored within a vector? The following code fails... ClassA* class_derived_a = new ClassDerivedA; ClassA* class_another_a = new ClassAnotherDerivedA; vector<ClassA*> test_vector; test_vector.push_back(class_derived_a); test_vector.push_back(class_another_a); for (vector<ClassA*>::iterator it = test_vector.begin(); it != test_vector.end(); it++) it->printOutput(); The code retrieves the following error: test3.cpp:47: error: request for member ‘printOutput’ in ‘* it.__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<_Iterator, _Container::operator- with _Iterator = ClassA**, _Container = std::vector ’, which is of non-class type ‘ClassA*’ The problem seems to be it->printOutput(); but at the moment I don't know how to call the method properly, does anyone know? regards mikey

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