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• Possible to get SSD TRIM (discard) working on ext4 + LVM + software RAID in Linux?

  - by Don MacAskill

  We use RAID1+0 with md on Linux (currently 2.6.37) to create an md device, then use LVM to provide volume management on top of the device, and then use ext4 as our filesystem on the LVM volume groups. With SSDs as the drives, we'd like to see the TRIM commands propagate through the layers (ext4 - LVM - md - SSD) to the devices. It looks like recent 2.6.3x kernels have had a lot of new SSD-related TRIM support added, including lots more coverage of Device Mapper scenarios, but we still can't seem to get it to cascade down properly. Is this possible yet? If so, how? If not, is any progress being made?

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• can't connect to Sql Sever Management Express 2012

  - by Rare-Man

  i installed Sql Sever Management Express 2012 , but when i try to connect in Sql management studio enviroment , i have this error . TITLE: Connect to Server Cannot connect to .. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 - Could not open a connection to SQL Server) (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 2) For help, click: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink?ProdName=Microsoft%20SQL%20Server&EvtSrc=MSSQLServer&EvtID=2&LinkId=20476 The system cannot find the file specified BUTTONS: OK ................................................................................... and in during installion i dont have option for select cluster !! this is my SQL Server Configuration Manager , my sql server service is empty ... And when get Remove a Failover Cluster Node , this error happened . http://oi57.tinypic.com/2lrvat.jpg

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• BixData or Zabbix?

  - by Arafat

  Hi all, I've been using Ganglia to monitor my single Mac OSX server which runs Apache and MySQL. I'm ok with it. Now we are upgrading our servers, 6 IBM X3650 M3 and 2 Fujitsu servers. 2 IBM for Apache cluster and 4 IBM for MySQL NDB Cluster. The other two servers are for Load balancers. All servers are going to run Debian Lenny 5 on it. Now I need to decide on which monitoring tool I should go for. I found that BixData and Zabbix does an excellent job than Ganglia, in terms of sensors and reporting. Have anyone tried the above two tools? And which tool would you suggest me? For Debian. As I'm writing this, I'm installing BixData to try.... Thanks in advance.

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• (simple) linux HA with vmware vsphere?

  - by derhelge

  I hope my upcoming question is specific enough, and you are able and willing to support :-) We have several openSUSE VMs in an ESX-Cluster (three ESX-Servers) with an attached iSCSI-SAN. All of those Linux VMs are "single point of failure"-configured, which means in the case of a Web-Server: LAMP, storage, etc. everything on this machine. This was very simple and in case of a failure (in the last years: kernel panics or apache crashes) a simple reboot triggered by a script did it. But the problem is: How to upgrade/maintain the w(eb-)application or the underlying OS without downtime? This wasn't really managable and i did this in the early morning ;) How can i achieve a "simple" High-Availability Cluster now? I thought of: DRBD with heartbeat with 2 VMs. And for the storage a RDM (raw device mapped) LUN and change the read-write-permissions for both VMs. Is this a good idea? Anyone has a better solution?

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• configure cisco catalyst 3560g with an egress uplink

  - by imaginative

  Currently my setup has our egress uplink connected directly to an external interface on a linux router/firewall/nat gateway. Since the linux box is a single point of failure, I've since setup two openbsd boxes using carp+pf+pfsync in order to gain some additional redundancy. the problem is, I only have one egress uplink (it's still a single point of failure) but need to get it to speak to the active carp node in my openbsd cluster which will server as my new router/firewall/nat cluster. Is there anything specific I need to do on a 3560G in order for me to be able to: 1) Drop the egress uplink into a port 2) Drop one link from the switch to a firewall 2) Drop a second link from a switch to the firewall This is so if one box dies, the other still has the egress link to the switch. Is putting them into one VLAN enough? Anything else that needs to go into the configuration for this setup to work?

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• Recover data from hard disk

  - by Hitesh Solanki

  Hi I have formatted my c: drive and window xp is installed successfully,but I cannot able to access d: drive. when I am trying to double click on the d: drive,following message is displayed: "the disk in drive D: is not formatted, do you want to format it now ? " When I am trying to access from command prompt,the following message is displayed: "The volume does not contain a recognized file system. Please make sure that all required file system drivers are loaded and that the volume is not corrupted." So please help me.... Thanks in advance....

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• Worth it to move /var to physical disk vs logical?

  - by Tammer Ibrahim

  Brief question about partition layout. I use an SSD for /, /boot, /usr, & /home partitions. I'd like to move /var to a mechanical disk to minimize writes to the SSD. I'm mainly concerned about maximizing drive life rather than maximizing performance (although I obviously wouldn't want to cripple my server). My mechanical disks consist of two drives sharing LVM, and a third used for nightly rsync backups. I also have a bunch of old 2.5in hard disks lying around. My question is, should I simply create a new LVM volume '/var' on my primary data store, or would it be worth the increased energy consumption (in terms of maximizing the lifetime of the LVMed drives) to install a low volume 2.5in disk to use just for /var? On a more general level my question is about the trade offs of placing OS mounts on the same physical volumes as my data. Thanks for any help!

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• Windows 2008 R2: can't extend C drive, mystery partitions

  - by wfaulk

  I have a Windows 2008 R2 server running under VMware ESX 4.0.0. I have reallocated disk space to it in order to extend the C drive, but Disk Management has "Extend Volume" greyed out. DISKPART shows more partitions than Disk Management shows, including one after the volume I'm trying to extend, which would explain why Disk Management isn't allowing the extension. Disk Management shows: System Reserved / 100MB NTFS / Healthy (System) (C:) / 39.39 GB NTFS / Healthy (Boot, Page File, Crash Dump) 10.00 GB / Unallocated DISKPART shows: Partition 1 Dynamic Data 992 KB 31 KB Partition 2 Dynamic Data 100 MB 1024 KB Partition 3 Dynamic Data 39 GB 101 MB Partition 4 Dynamic Data 1024 KB 39 GB My question at this point is: what the heck are partitions 1 and 4, where did they come from, why doesn't Disk Management show them, and, most importantly, can I delete partition 4 in order to extend partition 3?

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• reiserfsck --rebuild-tree failed: Not enough allocable blocks

  - by mojo

  I have a reiserfs volume that required a --rebuild-tree, but is currently failing to complete when I pass it --rebuild-tree. Here is the output that I receive when running it: reiserfsck 3.6.19 (2003 www.namesys.com) # reiserfsck --rebuild-tree started at Mon Oct 26 13:22:16 2009 # Pass 0: # Pass 0 The whole partition (7864320 blocks) is to be scanned Skipping 8450 blocks (super block, journal, bitmaps) 7855870 blocks will be read 0%....20%....40%....60%....80%....100% left 0, 9408 /sec 287884 directory entries were hashed with "r5" hash. "r5" hash is selected Flushing..finished Read blocks (but not data blocks) 7855870 Leaves among those 6105606 Objectids found 287892 Pass 1 (will try to insert 6105606 leaves): # Pass 1 Looking for allocable blocks .. finished 0%....20%....40%....60%....80%....Not enough allocable blocks, checking bitmap...there are 1 allocable blocks, btw out of disk space Aborted I can't mount it, and I can't fsck it. I've tried extending the volume, but that hasn't helped either.

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• Why won't my Windows 7 KMS key work on my Server 2008 KMS server?

  - by Ryan Bolger

  Our Microsoft volume licensing site was recently updated to include our Windows 7 and Server 2008 R2 KMS keys. We have an existing KMS server running on Server 2008 (not R2). In an attempt to be proactive about supporting the new OSes in our environment, I unregistered the old KMS key with slmgr.vbs and tried registering the new key. The registration failed with Error 0xC004F050. The description for that error was "The Software Licensing Service reported that the product key is invalid." What's wrong? I've checked and double checked that for typos against what is listed on the Volume Licensing website.

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• effect on inode while resizing the LV

  - by Mohit Joshi

  In Linux when we resize the partition with the logical volume(LV), how is the inode adjusted?

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• asterisk send mute command to jukebox on incoming call

  - by Jona

  Hi, We're trialling a Asterisk Now server to take over from our ageing PBX system. One of the "nice to have" features would be the ability to pause or lower the volume on the office jukebox if an incoming call is detected. We currently run a linux jukebox which plays music out of the speakers using mpd and can be controlled by the mpc client. We can manually issue the following command to achieve this: mpc volume 20 Does anyone know how to get asterisk to execute this command or some action that we could hook into when a phone call is incoming to specific extensions?

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• libvirt + ESX (HTTP response code 400 for call to 'Login')

  - by Coops

  I'm trying to connect to a vSphere cluster using the information from the libvirt documentation. $ virsh -c "vpx://[email protected]/dc1/dc1-cluster-e01/dc1-vsphere-e04/?no_verify=1" Enter root's password for 10.51.4.11: error: internal error HTTP response code 400 for call to 'Login' error: failed to connect to the hypervisor I seem to be able to establish a connection, but it fails with a "HTTP code 400". If I provide the incorrect password it fails with a 'login credentials' error, so it looks like I am getting a connection, but it's failing for another reason. Wireshark is no help as it's all done over SSL/TLS. Any thoughts folks? UPDATE: 15:21 28/02/11 FYI - I'm running libvirt-0.8.3 (the Ubuntu package recompiled with the ESX flag enabled). When I put virsh into debug mode it returns this: [snip] Enter root's password for 10.51.4.11: 15:19:09.011: debug : do_open:1249 : driver 3 ESX returned ERROR 15:19:09.011: debug : virUnrefConnect:294 : unref connection 0x98aa8f8 1 15:19:09.011: debug : virReleaseConnect:249 : release connection 0x98aa8f8 error: internal error HTTP response code 400 for call to 'Login' error: failed to connect to the hypervisor

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• DPM Coordinator Service is not responding

  - by Anatoly Vilchinsky

  Hi dear Gurus! I'm in stuck point now, so please at least try to help me. I've installed DPM 2010 on cluster server (w2k8 r2), everything was fine. Than I've tried tot install Protection Agent on both server of my cluster, but I'm getting error Error 312: The agent operation failed because the DPM Agent Coordinator service is not responding. Error details: The service cannot be started, either because it is disabled or because it has no enabled devices associated with it (0x80070422) Recommended action: Restart the DPM Agent Coordinator service on . And the thing is that I'm totally can't see DPM Agent Coordinator service not on the localhost, nor on the second server. All the suggestion, that I've found in the internet are suggesting to restart this service, but how can I perform this if the one is absent? I'll be glad for any help

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• Horrible performing RAID

  - by Philip

  I have a small GlusterFS Cluster with two storage servers providing a replicated volume. Each server has 2 SAS disks for the OS and logs and 22 SATA disks for the actual data striped together as a RAID10 using MegaRAID SAS 9280-4i4e with this configuration: http://pastebin.com/2xj4401J Connected to this cluster are a few other servers with the native client running nginx to serve files stored on it in the order of 3-10MB. Right now a storage server has a outgoing bandwith of 300Mbit/s and the busy rate of the raid array is at 30-40%. There are also strange side-effects: Sometimes the io-latency skyrockets and there is no access possible on the raid for 10 seconds. The file system used is xfs and it has been tuned to match the raid stripe size. Does anyone have an idea what could be the reason for such a bad performing array? 22 Disks in a RAID10 should deliver way more throughput.

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• Cannot WMI Query root\MSCluster namespace as Local Admin

  - by Matt Zuberko

  I'm trying to use WMI Explorer to query the root\MSCluster namespace on various hosts to obtain cluster resource group and resource object data. I can access the namespace with no issue on Win2K3 cluster nodes but am getting an access denied error attempting to connect to Win2K8 and Win2K8R2 nodes. I can access the root\cimv2 namespace with no issue, just the MSCluster namespace even though I am a local Admin. Is there a feature setting, local security policy or server role I have to be a member of to access the namespace? Thank you!

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• fsck: FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED after each check with -c, why?

  - by Chris

  Hi I use a script to partition and format CF cards (connected with a USB card writer) in an automated way. After the main process I check the card again with fsck. To check bad blocks I also tried the '-c' switch, but I always get a return value != 0 and the message "FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED" (see below). I get the same result when checking the very same drive several times... Does anyone know why a) the file system is modified at all and b) why this seems to happen every time I check and not only in case of an error (like bad blocks)? Here's the output: linux-box# fsck.ext3 -c /dev/sdx1 e2fsck 1.40.2 (12-Jul-2007) Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information Volume (/dev/sdx1): ***** FILE SYSTEM WAS MODIFIED ***** Volume (/dev/sdx1): 5132/245760 files (1.2% non-contiguous), 178910/1959896 blocks Thanks, Chris

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• apache tomcat loadbalancing clustering on ubuntu

  - by user740010

  i am facing a problem in clustering the tomcat with apache as a loadbalancer using mod_jk on ubuntu. i have install apache2 on my ubuntu 11.04 and i have downloaded tomcat7 created two copies and kept them at two different location. 1st one is at /home/net4u/vishal/test/tomcatA 2nd one is at /home/net4u/vishal/test1/tomcatB i have made following changes to server.xml file in /conf folder 1. <Server port="8205" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> 2. <Connector port="8280" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> 3.<Connector port="8209" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcatB"> 4. <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/> similarly i have modified other tomcat i.e tomcatA server.xml content of the server.xml is as follow: -- <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools--> <!-- <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/> --> <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received and responses are returned. Documentation at : Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking) Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080 --> <Connector port="8280" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool--> <!-- <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> --> <!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 This connector uses the JSSE configuration, when using APR, the connector should be using the OpenSSL style configuration described in the APR documentation --> <!-- <Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true" maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" /> --> <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 --> <Connector port="8109" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them on to the appropriate Host (virtual host). Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html --> <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie : <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1"> --> <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="tomcatB"> <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at: /docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to) /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) --> <!-- uncomment for clustering--> <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/> <!-- Use the LockOutRealm to prevent attempts to guess user passwords via a brute-force attack --> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm"> <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately available for use by the Realm. --> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> </Realm> <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"> <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --> <!-- <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" /> --> <!-- Access log processes all example. Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html Note: The pattern used is equivalent to using pattern="common" --> <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt" pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" resolveHosts="false"/> </Host> </Engine> i have install libapache2-mod-jk step 1. i have Created jk.load file in /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/jk.load content is as follows: LoadModule jk_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_jk.so Create /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/jk.conf: JkWorkersFile /etc/apache2/workers.properties JkLogFile /var/log/apache2/jk.log JkMount /ecommerce/* worker1 JkMount /images/* worker1 JkMount /content/* worker1 step 2. Created workers.properties file in /etc/apache2/workers.properties content is as follows: workers.tomcat_home=/home/vishal/Desktop/test/tomcatA workers.java_home=/usr/lib/jvm/default-java ps=/ worker.list=tomcatA,tomcatB,loadbalancer   worker.tomcatA.port=8109 worker.tomcatA.host=localhost worker.tomcatA.type=ajp13 worker.tomcatA.lbfactor=1   worker.tomcatB.port=8209 worker.tomcatB.host=localhost worker.tomcatB.type=ajp13 worker.tomcatB.lbfactor=1 worker.loadbalancer.type=lb worker.loadbalancer.balanced_workers=tomcatA,tomcatB worker.loadbalancer.sticky_session=1 i tried the same thing on the windows machine it is working.

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• Are speakers wasting power when they are not in use?

  - by Dennis Cheung

  I guess all of you have a pair/set of speakers for your MP3s. I am just interesting to how do they do when they are not playing? How actually the power spent by the speaker? Does any the below cases matter? Idle / Silence input When you computer is off / not connected Raise the volume by hardware (turn/push the button on the speaker) Raise the volume by software (do it with your mouse) BTW, to save the world. I am here to suggest you to unplug it when you leave your PC.

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• differencing disk opinions

  - by troth

  I've read about the performance issues with dfferencing disks but I still think there is a solid place for them and thats the os boot partition. If I'm going to have 20 vms on a csv based volume I don't won't to waste the 20+ gigs per guest just for the os boot. If I get a good base disk with all of the most used applications installed and have the pagefile located somewhere else I don't think the delta's would be that great thus it should not create a performance issue. Also in a SAN based csv volumes does it make any sense in having the pagefile go to a seperate csv volume? Any opinions on this? thanks

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• VMware Virtual vCenter and High Availability

  - by rufo

  To continue with this question: Should be Vmware vCenter server high available? According to the response there even if vCenter is down HA will continue to work. So, if my vCenter is a VM, using the express sql edition in the same VM, and that VM is hosted in the same cluster it manages (and the cluster is setup for HA): Am I correct to assume that if the host that hosts the vCenter goes down HA will vmotion the vCenter VM to another host and it will continue to function? BTW: my environment is small, two ESXi 5.0 hosts, with about 50 VMs, using iSCSI shared storaged for everything.

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• How do I remove Slony from a restored PostgreSQL database?

  - by Scott Herbert

  I've restored a database which came from a server on which Slony was running. The server on which the database has been restored does not have Slony installed. When the database restored, there were a lot of errors reported, with Slony related objects not getting created due to Slony related logins being missing. This I thought was not a problem, as losing the Slony objects didn't seem to matter, and infact seemed desirable. However, now I've got an anoying, if not critical problem. Whenever one clicks on a table in the newly restored DB in PGAdmin, a Slony related error popup ... pops up. The first one reads: "An error has occured: ERROR: function _rmscl.getlocalnodeid(unknown) does not exist" I notice that under the Replication node in PGAdmin, that there is a Slony replication cluster. Trying to drop this cluster results in more object missing type errors. Does anyone have any ideas how we can remove the last vestiges of Slony from this database?

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• Solaris to Linux conversion: Use VxFS or GFS?

  - by w00t

  We're a Solaris shop looking at RedHat Enterprise Linux and one of the things we're wondering is if we should keep Veritas Volume Manager + FileSystem or go with LVM+ext3 or RedHat's preferred cluster filesystem solution, GFS. One of the things we like about Veritas is that it can use Veritas Volume Replicator to have a remote copy of important filesystems. This functionality seems to be missing from RedHat, DRBD doesn't seem to be packaged in RHEL... So my questions are: Does anybody use VxFS/VxVM/VVR on Linux? Thoughts, experiences? Comparison with LVM+ext3? Anybody using GFS? Thoughts, experiences? Do you do remote replication for disaster recovery, and if so, how? Is there a standard RedHat way?

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• Can I use dmraid instead of md (mdadm) to make software RAID-1 and RAID-1+0 volumes?

  - by Don MacAskill

  On a related question about SSDs and TRIM (see: Possible to get SSD TRIM (discard) working on ext4 + LVM + software RAID in Linux? ), it turns out that dmraid may now (or shortly) support TRIM on RAID-1. Typically, we've used md (via mdadm) to create our RAID-1 volumes, then used LVM to create volume groups, then formatted with the file system of our choice (ext4 lately). We've been doing this for years, and Google & ServerFault searches seem to confirm this is the most common way of doing software RAID with volume management. Google searches seem to suggest that dmraid is use for so-called 'fakeRAID' configurations where there's some level of hardware 'help' in the form of RAID BIOS in the controller, which we don't have (and don't want to use - we'd like a fully software solution). Since we'd like to use TRIM on our SSDs, and since md doesn't seem to (yet?) support TRIM, I'm wondering if it's possible to use dmraid instead of md to create RAID-1 (and RAID-1+0) volumes in software, with no hardware support (ie, just plugged into a dumb SATA/SAS bus)?

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• Forgot to unmount/eject external hard drive, lost moved files. Mac OS X

  - by balupton

  So I was using my Mac with my external hard drive connected via USB. I moved about 10 GB of data to it (via drag and drop while holding down the Command key to move the files rather than to copy them). They moved to the drive all right, but as I was having some issues and the Finder crashed after the transfer, I was unable to eject the volume and later everything froze so I had to do a hard restart (hold the power button). When I remounted the volume (plugged the external hard drive back in) it no longer had any of the files which I moved onto it. As it was a lot of data, how can I recover these files?

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