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  • 5 Design Tricks Facebook Uses To Affect Your Privacy Decisions

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    If you feel like Facebook increasingly has fewer and fewer options to reject applications and organization access to your private information, you’re not imagining it. Here are five ways Facebook’s design choices in the App Center have minimized your choices over time. Over at TechCrunch they have a guest post by Avi Charkham highlighting five ways recent changes to the Facebook App Center put privacy settings on the back burner. In regard to the comparison seen in the image above, for example, he writes: #1: The Single Button Trick In the old design Facebook used two buttons – “Allow” and “Don’t Allow” – which automatically led you to make a decision. In the new App Center Facebook chose to use a single button. No confirmation, no decisions to make. One click and, boom, your done! Your information was passed on to the app developers and you never even notice it. Hit up the link below to check out the other four redesign choices that minimize the information about privacy and data usage you see and maximize the click-through and acceptance rate for apps. How To Switch Webmail Providers Without Losing All Your Email How To Force Windows Applications to Use a Specific CPU HTG Explains: Is UPnP a Security Risk?

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  • How to get OpenSSH to use ksshaskpass under KDE?

    - by Guss
    When using a GNOME desktop on Ubuntu, if I use OpenSSH client to connect to another computer (running from the gnome-terminal), I get a single graphic popup asking for my private key's pass-phrase. After that I no longer need to enter my pass-phrase as it is cached by the SSH agent. Under KDE it doesn't work like that - when I start ssh from konsole, I get a text prompt for my pass-phrase every single time, even though ssh-agent is running. If I run ssh-add from the terminal then I can enter my pass-phrase on the terminal and it will be stored by ssh-agent and I won't get any more pass-phrase prompts, while if I run ssh-add the KRunner graphical command line ("Run" dialog) then I get a graphical prompt with the same behavior. The problem is I have to remember running ssh-add every time I log in to the desktop. How can I get ssh to behave under KDE, the same as it does on GNOME - the first time the pass-phrase is needed, pop up a graphical dialog and store the pass-phrase in the agent. I've installed ksshaskpass, but that didn't change anything.

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  • Old PCI Video Card and PCI-Express ATI Radeon HD 4200 Pro Living Together

    - by Adam Driscoll
    I have two video cards installed in a Dell Optiplex 745. The PCI card is from 2001 and I was hoping to be able to install it, allowing me to have 3 monitors. The Radeon is already running two itself. The problem is that when I boot the box with default BIOS settings the PCI card displays video to the single display but not the other two. In device manager I can see that both video cards are visible with drivers loaded correctly but underneath monitors I only have a single Generic PnP monitor from the VGA connection to the PCI card. If I switch the BIOS setting to force PCI-E I get the Radeon to display to the two other monitors. When I check device manager with this configuration I see that the PCI card displays an error saying the driver could not be started. Any ideas?

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  • Dell R910 with Integrated PERC H700 Adapter

    - by Alex
    I am in the process of designing an architecture based around a single Dell R910 server running Windows Server 2008 Enterprise. I would like the server to have 8 RAID1 pairs of spinning disks, so I intend to implement: Dell R910 Server Integrated PERC H700 Adapter with 1 SAS expander on each SAS connector (so 8 expanders in total) 7 RAID1 pairs of 143Gb 15K HDD, each paired on one connector using an expander 1 RAID1 pair of 600Gb 10K HDD, paired on the remaining connector using an expander My main concern is not to introduce bottlenecks in this architecture, and I have the following questions. Will the PERC H700 Adapter act as a bottleneck for disk access? Will using SAS expanders for each RAID1 pair cause a bottleneck or would this be as fast as pairing disks directly attached to the SAS connectors? Can I mix the disks, as long as the disks in each RAID1 pair are the same? I assume so. Can anyone recommend any single-to-double SAS Expanders that are known to function well with the H700? Cheers Alex

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  • Help with IPTables - Masquerading + Forwarding, 1-to-1?

    - by Artiom Chilaru
    I've got a clean Ubuntu Server 10.10 with OpenSSH, OpenVPN and vsFTPd installed. The server is running as a VM on the Hyper-V server (hypervisor), has two network interfaces mapped to physical adapters (eth0 and eth1), and a virtual interface with a direct connection to the hypervisor (eth2). The VPN will create a tun0 interface when a client connects. What I want is the remote user, connecting over VPN to be able to connect to the hypervisor (all ports, ping etc). The initial idea was to make the VPN create a tap0 interface, and bridge eth2 to tap0, but this didn't work, unfortunately, as it seems that the adapters don't want to go into promiscuous mode (partially confirmed by MS) At the same time, both the hypervisor and the remove client over VPN can successfully ping/connect to the ubuntu server with no problems. So my plan right now is to try doing some 1-1 masquerading, if possible. Basically, I want every request sent from the VPN client to the ubuntu server to be redurected to the hypervisor instead (with IP translation ofc), and every request from the hypervisor to the ubuntu machine sent to the VPN client (IP translated too). Only 1 client will be connected at a time to the VPN, so I can force limit it to a single IP at all times, if necessary. Is this the right way to go, and if true, how can this be achieved? It's almost like a special case of port-forwarding, except every single port on tun0 is forwarded to a machine in eth2, and every port on the eth2 side forwards to an ip on tun0 I guess it could be done with iptables, but I'm rather new in linux, so I can't do it myself... help? :(

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  • Linux Router - Share bandwidth per IPs with current active connections

    - by SRoe
    We have a Linux machine running as a custom router, currently utilising Shorewall. This sits between our incoming internet connection and the internal LAN. What we would like to achieve is 'fair use' of the bandwidth on a per IP basis. If only one person currently has an active connection then they get 100% utilisation of the line. However if 20 people have active connections then they should each get 5% utilisation of the line. This should be irrespective of the number of connections held by each user. For example, say we have two users, Bill and Ted, that both have active connections. Bill has a single active connection while Ted has ten active connections. Bill should get 50% utilisation for his single connections whilst Ted should get 5% utilisation for each of his ten connections, giving Ted a total utilisation of 50%.

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  • SQL SERVER – Load Generator – Free Tool From CodePlex

    - by pinaldave
    One of the most common questions I receive is if there any tool available to generate load on SQL Server. Absolutely there is a fabulous free tool available to generate load on SQL Server on Codeplex. This tool was released in 2008 but it is still extremely relevant to generate the load on SQL Server as well works fabulously. CodePlex is a project initiated by Microsoft for hosting open source softwares. The best part of this SQL Server Load Generator is that users can run multiple simultaneous queries again SQL Server using different login account and different application name. The interface of the tool is extremely easy to use and very intuitive as well. One of the things which I felt needed improvement was a default configuration. As every single time when I was adding a query the default settings were showing up and I had to manually change that. However, when I went to Menu >> Tools >>Options I was really happy as it has options to change every single default which is available. Here one can give default username, password, database name as well various settings related to configuration. Additionally application logging is also possible through the options. A couple of other important points I noticed was the button to reset counters as well status bar containing useful information of Total Threads, Completed Queries and Failed Queries. I use this frequently for my load testing. What tool do you use for SQL Server Load Generator? Download SQL Load Generator Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Utility, T SQL, Technology

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  • MongoDB ReplicaSet Elections when some nodes are down

    - by SecondThought
    I'm trying to get into ReplicaSet concept, and found something weird in mongoDB Documentation: For a node to be elected primary, it must receive a majority of votes. This is a majority of all votes in the set: if you have a 5-member set and 4 members are down, a majority of the set is still 3 members (floor(5/2)+1). Each member of the set receives a single vote and knows the total number of available votes. If no node can reach a majority, then no primary can be elected and no data can be written to that replica set (although reads to secondaries are still possible). (taken from here) So, If I got that right, in the 5-member case mentioned there the one node that's still standing WILL NOT be chosen as primary and the whole set will not get any writes? and that's even if this single node was the last primary before the elections? If it's true there can be many less-radical cases which will end up with a degenerated set. How can we avoid this?

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  • Economical DNS hosting separate from local registrar for country specific TLDs - email or web hosting not required

    - by Eric Nguyen
    Our company owns many country specific top level domains (TLDs; .sg, .my). We will purchase more for other countries in all South East Asia. These domains are associated with our websites hosted on Amazon EC2. The DNS records are currently hosted on a dedicated server that will shut down tomorrow. (The name servers are set to the ones of a web hosting company) Therefore, I will need to host the DNS records somewhere else. Hosting the DNS records with the local registrar costs SGD18 a year per domain in addition to the domain price (which is already very expensive but we have no choice). It would be convenience to host DNS recors for all the country specific TLDs we have using a single service, separate from the local registrars from which we bought the domains. A few searches prompted examples like Amazon Route 53 and dnsmadeeasy.com and the likes. However, since I'm only concern about the country specific TLDs, not .com 1) Is it really economical to host DNS records of all domains in 1 single place as described above? (Have the relevant countries and/or the local registrars done something to keep their monopoly and always charges ridiculous prices for their country specific TLDs?) 2) I would imagine I will need to tell the local registrars to update the name servers to those of the DNS hosting service provider e.g. dnsmadeeasy.com here. Am I correct about how it works here? 3) Will I be able point the TLDs themselves to IP addresses I desire (the EC2 instances where my websites are) or will I only able to do so with the subdomains? 4) Are there any drawbacks that I should know here? Background about our needs: We need the websites associated with the country TLDs to be up and running all the times Also, we'll need to be able to add/edit A and CNAME records We use Google Apps for Business for internal email so I will need to be able to add/edit MX records and TXT records

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  • Record 8 separate Line IN Channels from M-Audio Delta 1010 Card

    - by Peter Hoffmann
    I want to record the 8 separate Line IN Channels from my M-Audio Delta 1010 Card. The card is recogniced nicely and a can record a single channel via arecord -d 10 -f cd -t wav -D channel1 out2.wav. I've set up the different channels in ~/.asoundrc. Now if I want to record a second channel in parallel (arecord -d 10 -f cd -t wav -D channel2 out2.wav) I get the error arecord: main:564: audio open error: Device or resource busy As I understand the delta 1010 is a single Access Card, so only one application can access it at a time. Is this correct? The next step was to configure a dual channel input in .asoundrc # envy24 channel 1+2 only pcm.test { type plug ttable.0.0 1 ttable.0.1 1 slave.pcm ice1712 } Which works ok when I do a arecord -d 10 -f cd -t wav -D test -c 2 out.wav (BTW can anyone point me to a tool to split a multi channel wav into a file per channel?) But when I want to record the channels separately with (-I option) arecord -d 10 -f cd -t wav -D test -c 2 -I channel1.wav channel2.wav I get no recordings. Did I miss something with the configuration or what are my options to record all 8 channels via arecord. I've no experience with jackd. Is it an option to install jackd and record the line ins via jackd?

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  • Extreme Optimization –Mathematical Constants and Basic Functions

    - by JoshReuben
    Machine constants The MachineConstants class - contains constants for floating-point arithmetic because the CLS System.Single and Double floating-point types do not follow the standard conventions and are useless. machine constants for the Double type: machine precision: Epsilon , SqrtEpsilon CubeRootEpsilon largest possible value: MaxDouble , SqrtMaxDouble, LogMaxDouble smallest Double-precision floating point number that is greater than zero: MinDouble , SqrtMinDouble , LogMinDouble A similar set of constants is available for the Single Datatype  Mathematical Constants The Constants class contains static fields for many mathematical constants and common expressions involving small integers – if you are doing thousands of iterations, you wouldn't want to calculate OneOverSqrtTwoPi , Sqrt17 or Log17 !!! Fundamental constants E - The base for the natural logarithm, e (2.718...). EulersConstant - (0.577...). GoldenRatio - (1.618...). Pi - the ratio between the circumference and the diameter of a circle (3.1415...). Expressions involving fundamental constants: TwoPi, PiOverTwo, PiOverFour, LogTwoPi, PiSquared, SqrPi, SqrtTwoPi, OneOverSqrtPi, OneOverSqrtTwoPi Square roots of small integers: Sqrt2, Sqrt3, Sqrt5, Sqrt7, Sqrt17 Logarithms of small integers: Log2, Log3, Log10, Log17, InvLog10  Elementary Functions The IterativeAlgorithm<T> class in the Extreme.Mathematics namespace defines many elementary functions that are missing from System.Math. Hyperbolic Trig Functions: Cosh, Coth, Csch, Sinh, Sech, Tanh Inverse Hyperbolic Trig Functions: Acosh, Acoth, Acsch, Asinh, Asech, Atanh Exponential, Logarithmic and Miscellaneous Functions: ExpMinus1 - The exponential function minus one, ex-1. Hypot - The hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle with specified sides. LambertW - Lambert's W function, the (real) solution W of x=WeW. Log1PlusX - The natural logarithm of 1+x. Pow - A number raised to an integer power.

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  • Multi Thread Rsync Transfer

    - by reefine
    For some reason when running a single rsync command I am getting 1 MB/sec to 2 MB/sec even when I connecting 2 servers both connected to 1 Gbps ports. rsync -v --progress -e ssh /backup/mysqldata/mysql-bin.000199 [email protected]:/secondary/mysqldata/mysqldata/mysql-bin.000199 I have over 800 GB of data to transfer split among 500 or so files all starting with: mysql-bin.000* I've found that running 25-30 rsync simultaneously from seperate SSH windows gets me upwards of 25 MB/sec but it will take me hours to run these all manually. Is there anyway to get the 25 MB/sec from a single rsync command?

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  • Do any CDN services offer multiple urls (or aliases) for your files?

    - by Jakobud
    Lets say a company has multiple commercial web properties that happen to use a lot of the same images on each site. For SEO reasons, the sites must not appear to be related to eachother in any way. This means that the sites can't all link to the same image, even though they all use the same one. Therefore, an image is uploaded to each site and served from each site separately. In order to improve maintainability and latency, lets say the company wanted to use a CDN service. What I'm wondering is, if you upload a file, like an image or something, to a CDN, is there basically one single URL that you access that image at? Or do some (or all) CDN services offer alias URLs so that you can access the same resource from multiple URLs? Example of undesirable situation: Both sites link to the same file URL Site ABC links to <img src="http://123.cdnservice.com/some-path/myimage.jpg"/> Site XYZ links to <img src="http://123.cdnservice.com/some-path/myimage.jpg"/> Example of DESIRABLE situation: Both sites link to the same file via different URLs Site ABC links to <img src="http://123.cdnservice.com/some-path/myimage.jpg"/> Site XYZ links to <img src="http://123.cdnservice.com/some-alias-path/myimage.jpg"/> So in the end, there is only one single file, myimage.jpg on the CDN server, but it is accessible from multiple URLs. Is this possible with CDN services? I know this would make browsers cache the same image twice, but at least it would be better for maintainability. Only one file would ever have to be uploaded.

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  • Setting up SVN+SSH for multiple users through one local user.

    - by Warlax
    Hi, I need to make our SVN repository accessible through the firewall - but without creating a local user for each potential external user. Instead, I would like to set-up SVN+SSH to route all external users through a single local user name. We would like each external user to authenticate with SSH the regular way but then treat their instance of svnserve as if they're all that single local user and possibly, control what parts of the repository each external user can access. I know that I will need to set my svnserve config according to the official guide. I tried, but the instructions are fuzzy and I am relatively a Linux n00b. What exactly are the steps to proceed? and how would you go about testing this? Thanks for your help.

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  • Why old (301) links stay on Google when breaking site down to multiple domains

    - by Sampo Sarrala
    Some background: We did have single site and single domain (let's call it mainsite.com) with product information, however things have changed since and product database has grown fast. So we decided to move some major products/manufacturers under their own domains (let's call one of them subsite.com) while still using our main database/codebase. What we've done: Added subsite.com domain for product 1 by Great Products Co. Some new nice looking front pages, info pages, etc. Detail pages that will use information from original db. Redirected product/group links from mainsite.com using 301 redirect. Verified that redirects works as expected. Waited some time for Google reindexing (over 30 days, I've heard it should be more than enough). Results: If I search our moved products from Google then it will found them and list them but with old links to our main page like mainsite.com/group/product1 but it should show link to new site subsite.com/product1. Links from Goole redirects as they should, as said redirects are verified [301]. Main question: Any reasons why Google would not follow 301 redirects and update links so that they will point to our new mfg/product site subsite.com?

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  • Let's introduce the Oracle Enterprise Data Quality family!

    - by Sarah Zanchetti
    The Oracle Enterprise Data Quality family of products helps you to achieve maximum value from their business applications by delivering fit-­for-­purpose data. OEDQ is a state-of-the-art collaborative data quality profiling, analysis, parsing, standardization, matching and merging product, designed to help you understand, improve, protect and govern the quality of the information your business uses, all from a single integrated environment. Oracle Enterprise Data Quality products are: Oracle Enterprise Data Quality Profile and Audit Oracle Enterprise Data Quality Parsing and Standardization Oracle Enterprise Data Quality Match and Merge Oracle Enterprise Data Quality Address Verification Server Oracle Enterprise Data Quality Product Data Parsing and Standardization Oracle Enterprise Data Quality Product Data Match and Merge Also, the following are some of the key features of OEDQ: Integrated data profiling, auditing, cleansing and matching Browser-based client access Ability to handle all types of data – for example customer, product, asset, financial, operational Connection to any JDBC-compliant data sources and targets Multi-user project support (role-based access, issue tracking, process annotation, and version control) Services Oriented Architecture (SOA) - support for designing processes that may be exposed to external applications as a service Designed to process large data volumes A single repository to hold data along with gathered statistics and project tracking information, with shared access Intuitive graphical user interface designed to help you solve real-world information quality issues quickly Easy, data-led creation and extension of validation and transformation rules Fully extensible architecture allowing the insertion of any required custom processing  If you need to learn more about EDQ, or get assistance for any kind of issue, the Oracle Technology Network offers a huge range of resources on Oracle software. Discuss technical problems and solutions on the Discussion Forums. Get hands-on step-by-step tutorials with Oracle By Example. Download Sample Code. Get the latest news and information on any Oracle product. You can also get further help and information with Oracle software from: My Oracle Support Oracle Support Services An Information Center is available, where you can find technical information and fast solutions to the most common already solved issues: Information Center: Oracle Enterprise Data Quality [ID 1555073.2]

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  • TrueCrypt & upgrading your hard drive?

    - by Danielb
    I currently use TrueCrypt to encrypt the hard drive in a Win7 laptop (everything in a single partition). I am looking to upgrade the hard drive to a model with significantly more storage capacity. I've had a look through the documentation but I couldn't see anything about this particular scenario. I assume I need to do something like the following: Remove the encryption from the existing drive. Clone the existing drive image onto the new hard drive. Physically install the new drive into the laptop. Resize the single partition to use all the space in the new drive. Encrypt all of the new bigger drive with TrueCrypt.

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  • tag structured Filesystems

    - by A.Rashad
    I hope this is the correct site, I lose my way between the 4 sister sites :) Let me ask the question this way. all file systems I have seen before are hierarchical, that means a root directory, with some branched directories, and so on until we have files residing in these directories. except for AS/400 file structure, where it has a concept of a Library that serve somehow as a directory but one level only. Why not have directory-less filesystems where files are placed in a single location, but the file identifiers would be referenced by a database of tag/ file relation ships. This way there will be no need for symbolic links, one file may have multiple relations to multiple subjects, not only a single parent directory to contain. I hope the idea is clear.

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  • How do I structure code and builds for continuous delivery of multiple applications in a small team?

    - by kingdango
    Background: 3-5 developers supporting (and building new) internal applications for a non-software company. We use TFS although I don't think that matters much for my question. I want to be able to develop a deployment pipeline and adopt continuous integration / deployment techniques. Here's what our source tree looks like right now. We use a single TFS Team Project. $/MAIN/src/ $/MAIN/src/ApplicationA/VSSOlution.sln $/MAIN/src/ApplicationA/ApplicationAProject1.csproj $/MAIN/src/ApplicationA/ApplicationAProject2.csproj $/MAIN/src/ApplicationB/... $/MAIN/src/ApplicationC $/MAIN/src/SharedInfrastructureA $/MAIN/src/SharedInfrastructureB My Goal (a pretty typical promotion pipeline) When a code change is made to a given application I want to be able to build that application and auto-deploy that change to a DEV server. I may also need to build dependencies on Shared Infrastructure Components. I often also have some database scripts or changes as well If developer testing passes I want to have an manually triggered but automated deploy of that build on a STAGING server where end-users will review new functionality. Once it's approved by end users I want to a manually triggered auto-deploy to production Question: How can I best adopt continuous deployment techniques in a multi-application environment? A lot of the advice I see is more single-application-specific, how is that best applied to multiple applications? For step 1, do I simply setup a separate Team Build for each application? What's the best approach to accomplishing steps 2 and 3 of promoting latest build to new environments? I've seen this work well with web apps but what about database changes

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  • Firefox Master Password (ssh-agent)

    - by BCable
    I use the master password feature of Firefox, and I also use SSH keys to login to a bunch of UNIX machines. For SSH, there is a very useful application called ssh-agent that runs in the background knowing the required information about unlocking the key so you don't have to type the question every single time you want to connect. I open and close Firefox a lot, so I was curious, is there a way to have Firefox run in the background (preferrably doing nothing, but the whole process would be fine I guess as well) so that I don't have to type my master password every single time I open Firefox? Thanks!

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  • links for 2011-02-17

    - by Bob Rhubart
    ArchitectACEs - Oracle Wiki Putting a Face on the Architect ACE The Oracle ACE s listed here have identified themselves, or have been identified by fellow ACEs, as software architects. As... (tags: ping.fm) Debra's thoughts on Oracle and User Groups: I did it - I did the Fusion UX Demo Oracle ACE Director Debra Lilley shares her experience in presenting a Fusion Applications demo at RMOUG. (tags: oracle otn oracleace) The Blas from Pas: JRuby Script to Monitor a Oracle WebLogic GridLink Data Source Remotely "In WebLogic 10.3.4 release, a single data source implementation has been introduced to support Oracle RAC cluster. To simplify and consolidate its support for Oracle RAC, WebLogic Server has provided a single data source that is enhanced to support the capabilities of Oracle RAC." (tags: oracle otn weblogic) Show Notes: Bob Hensle on IT Strategies from Oracle (ArchBeat) In Part 1 Bob Hensle talked about the various documents in the IT Strategies from Oracle library. In Part 2 (now available) Bob talks about how SOA and other factors are reflected in those documents. (tags: oracle otn entarch podcast) PODCAST: Examining the state of EA and findings of recent survey | Open Group Blog A transcript of a podcast panel discussion on the findings from a study on the current state and future direction of enterprise architecture from The Open Group Conference, San Diego 2011. (tags: entarch opengroup) A Virtual Dilemma (Antony Reynolds' Blog) SOA author Anthony Reynolds shares a solution. (tags: oracle otn soa) Webcast: Live Online Forum: Oracle Security - February 24, 9:00am PT Speakers: Mary Ann Davidson, Chief Security Officer, Oracle; Tom Kyte, Senior Technical Architect, Oracle; Jeff Margolies, Partner, Security Practice, Accenture; Vipin Samar, VP, Database Security Product Development Oracle; and Nishant Kaushik, Chief Strategist, Identity and Access Management. (tags: oracle security) Obama banks on cloud, consolidation, to hold down IT costs | Computerworld NZ President Obama's fiscal 2012 budget proposal keeps IT spending almost flat compared to fiscal 2010 mostly due to the consolidation of data centers and a shift to cloud computing systems. (tags: ping.fm)

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  • DC on Hyper V Host

    - by Saif Khan
    I've read a few similar questions but wasn't clear. I have a small office (13) users and recently purchased a new single server (this is all I have to work with for now). Server specs Memory - 16GB Drives - 6 SCSI (2TB) PROCESSOR - DUAL QUAD I plan on making the Hyper-V host the DC and then 2 VMs, one for a file server and the other an application server. Question - since I am restricted to this single server, would it be a big issue making the Hyper-V host the domain controller? Your input greatly appreciated.

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  • How Visual Studio 2010 and Team Foundation Server enable Compliance

    - by Martin Hinshelwood
    One of the things that makes Team Foundation Server (TFS) the most powerful Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) platform is the traceability it provides to those that use it. This traceability is crucial to enable many companies to adhere to many of the Compliance regulations to which they are bound (e.g. CFR 21 Part 11 or Sarbanes–Oxley.)   From something as simple as relating Tasks to Check-in’s or being able to see the top 10 files in your codebase that are causing the most Bugs, to identifying which Bugs and Requirements are in which Release. All that information is available and more in TFS. Although all of this tradability is available within TFS you do need to understand that it is not for free. Well… I say that, but if you are using TFS properly you will have this information with no additional work except for firing up the reporting. Using Visual Studio ALM and Team Foundation Server you can relate every line of code changes all the way up to requirements and back down through Test Cases to the Test Results. Figure: The only thing missing is Build In order to build the relationship model below we need to examine how each of the relationships get there. Each member of your team from programmer to tester and Business Analyst to Business have their roll to play to knit this together. Figure: The relationships required to make this work can get a little confusing If Build is added to this to relate Work Items to Builds and with knowledge of which builds are in which environments you can easily identify what is contained within a Release. Figure: How are things progressing Along with the ability to produce the progress and trend reports the tractability that is built into TFS can be used to fulfil most audit requirements out of the box, and augmented to fulfil the rest. In order to understand the relationships, lets look at each of the important Artifacts and how they are associated with each other… Requirements – The root of all knowledge Requirements are the thing that the business cares about delivering. These could be derived as User Stories or Business Requirements Documents (BRD’s) but they should be what the Business asks for. Requirements can be related to many of the Artifacts in TFS, so lets look at the model: Figure: If the centre of the world was a requirement We can track which releases Requirements were scheduled in, but this can change over time as more details come to light. Figure: Who edited the Requirement and when There is also the ability to query Work Items based on the History of changed that were made to it. This is particularly important with Requirements. It might not be enough to say what Requirements were completed in a given but also to know which Requirements were ever assigned to a particular release. Figure: Some magic required, but result still achieved As an augmentation to this it is also possible to run a query that shows results from the past, just as if we had a time machine. You can take any Query in the system and add a “Asof” clause at the end to query historical data in the operational store for TFS. select <fields> from WorkItems [where <condition>] [order by <fields>] [asof <date>] Figure: Work Item Query Language (WIQL) format In order to achieve this you do need to save the query as a *.wiql file to your local computer and edit it in notepad, but one imported into TFS you run it any time you want. Figure: Saving Queries locally can be useful All of these Audit features are available throughout the Work Item Tracking (WIT) system within TFS. Tasks – Where the real work gets done Tasks are the work horse of the development team, but they only as useful as Excel if you do not relate them properly to other Artifacts. Figure: The Task Work Item Type has its own relationships Requirements should be broken down into Tasks that the development team work from to build what is required by the business. This may be done by a small dedicated group or by everyone that will be working on the software team but however it happens all of the Tasks create should be a Child of a Requirement Work Item Type. Figure: Tasks are related to the Requirement Tasks should be used to track the day-to-day activities of the team working to complete the software and as such they should be kept simple and short lest developers think they are more trouble than they are worth. Figure: Task Work Item Type has a narrower purpose Although the Task Work Item Type describes the work that will be done the actual development work involves making changes to files that are under Source Control. These changes are bundled together in a single atomic unit called a Changeset which is committed to TFS in a single operation. During this operation developers can associate Work Item with the Changeset. Figure: Tasks are associated with Changesets   Changesets – Who wrote this crap Changesets themselves are just an inventory of the changes that were made to a number of files to complete a Task. Figure: Changesets are linked by Tasks and Builds   Figure: Changesets tell us what happened to the files in Version Control Although comments can be changed after the fact, the inventory and Work Item associations are permanent which allows us to Audit all the way down to the individual change level. Figure: On Check-in you can resolve a Task which automatically associates it Because of this we can view the history on any file within the system and see how many changes have been made and what Changesets they belong to. Figure: Changes are tracked at the File level What would be even more powerful would be if we could view these changes super imposed over the top of the lines of code. Some people call this a blame tool because it is commonly used to find out which of the developers introduced a bug, but it can also be used as another method of Auditing changes to the system. Figure: Annotate shows the lines the Annotate functionality allows us to visualise the relationship between the individual lines of code and the Changesets. In addition to this you can create a Label and apply it to a version of your version control. The problem with Label’s is that they can be changed after they have been created with no tractability. This makes them practically useless for any sort of compliance audit. So what do you use? Branches – And why we need them Branches are a really powerful tool for development and release management, but they are most important for audits. Figure: One way to Audit releases The R1.0 branch can be created from the Label that the Build creates on the R1 line when a Release build was created. It can be created as soon as the Build has been signed of for release. However it is still possible that someone changed the Label between this time and its creation. Another better method can be to explicitly link the Build output to the Build. Builds – Lets tie some more of this together Builds are the glue that helps us enable the next level of tractability by tying everything together. Figure: The dashed pieces are not out of the box but can be enabled When the Build is called and starts it looks at what it has been asked to build and determines what code it is going to get and build. Figure: The folder identifies what changes are included in the build The Build sets a Label on the Source with the same name as the Build, but the Build itself also includes the latest Changeset ID that it will be building. At the end of the Build the Build Agent identifies the new Changesets it is building by looking at the Check-ins that have occurred since the last Build. Figure: What changes have been made since the last successful Build It will then use that information to identify the Work Items that are associated with all of the Changesets Changesets are associated with Build and change the “Integrated In” field of those Work Items . Figure: Find all of the Work Items to associate with The “Integrated In” field of all of the Work Items identified by the Build Agent as being integrated into the completed Build are updated to reflect the Build number that successfully integrated that change. Figure: Now we know which Work Items were completed in a build Now that we can link a single line of code changed all the way back through the Task that initiated the action to the Requirement that started the whole thing and back down to the Build that contains the finished Requirement. But how do we know wither that Requirement has been fully tested or even meets the original Requirements? Test Cases – How we know we are done The only way we can know wither a Requirement has been completed to the required specification is to Test that Requirement. In TFS there is a Work Item type called a Test Case Test Cases enable two scenarios. The first scenario is the ability to track and validate Acceptance Criteria in the form of a Test Case. If you agree with the Business a set of goals that must be met for a Requirement to be accepted by them it makes it both difficult for them to reject a Requirement when it passes all of the tests, but also provides a level of tractability and validation for audit that a feature has been built and tested to order. Figure: You can have many Acceptance Criteria for a single Requirement It is crucial for this to work that someone from the Business has to sign-off on the Test Case moving from the  “Design” to “Ready” states. The Second is the ability to associate an MS Test test with the Test Case thereby tracking the automated test. This is useful in the circumstance when you want to Track a test and the test results of a Unit Test designed to test the existence of and then re-existence of a a Bug. Figure: Associating a Test Case with an automated Test Although it is possible it may not make sense to track the execution of every Unit Test in your system, there are many Integration and Regression tests that may be automated that it would make sense to track in this way. Bug – Lets not have regressions In order to know wither a Bug in the application has been fixed and to make sure that it does not reoccur it needs to be tracked. Figure: Bugs are the centre of their own world If the fix to a Bug is big enough to require that it is broken down into Tasks then it is probably a Requirement. You can associate a check-in with a Bug and have it tracked against a Build. You would also have one or more Test Cases to prove the fix for the Bug. Figure: Bugs have many associations This allows you to track Bugs / Defects in your system effectively and report on them. Change Request – I am not a feature In the CMMI Process template Change Requests can also be easily tracked through the system. In some cases it can be very important to track Change Requests separately as an Auditor may want to know what was changed and who authorised it. Again and similar to Bugs, if the Change Request is big enough that it would require to be broken down into Tasks it is in reality a new feature and should be tracked as a Requirement. Figure: Make sure your Change Requests only Affect Requirements and not rewrite them Conclusion Visual Studio 2010 and Team Foundation Server together provide an exceptional Application Lifecycle Management platform that can help your team comply with even the harshest of Compliance requirements while still enabling them to be Agile. Most Audits are heavy on required documentation but most of that information is captured for you as long a you do it right. You don’t even need every team member to understand it all as each of the Artifacts are relevant to a different type of team member. Business Analysts manage Requirements and Change Requests Programmers manage Tasks and check-in against Change Requests and Bugs Testers manage Bugs and Test Cases Build Masters manage Builds Although there is some crossover there are still rolls or “hats” that are worn. Do you thing this is all achievable? Have I missed anything that you think should be there?

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  • Dual-bootable Virtual Machine

    - by ojrac
    My work computer is a Linux desktop with a Windows 7 virtual machine for Visual Studio and IE testing. I'm very picky, and I don't want to configure two Windows installs... but I can't think of a way to do this without running afoul of Windows activation. I've already set up VirtualBox to run my VM off a physical hard drive, and grub isn't too hard to configure. But it'd be a waste of time without solving the activation problem. Is there any way I can boot into a single install of Windows as a virtual machine and on actual hardware without having to reactivate (until I'm eventually flagged as a pirate) every time I switch between the two? Is there any MS-endorsed way to use a single installed license with two sets of hardware?

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  • bash starts replacing the characters on the current line insead of moving over to the next line

    - by Lazer
    I use bash shell $ bash --version GNU bash, version 3.2.25(1)-release (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. $ Sometimes, when typing a command on the prompt that is pretty lengthy and does not fit in the current line, instead of displaying the extra characters on the next line, bash starts again on the current line.. replacing the characters that were there and making a mess. what should happen : |---------------------------------------------| | $ my big long command takes a lot of argumen| | s and does not fit in a single line | | | |---------------------------------------------| what happens instead : |---------------------------------------------| | s and does not fit in a single linef argumen| | | | | |---------------------------------------------| The issue is intemittent If I resize my shell window to really small width, normal behaviour is restored Does anyone have any idea what is happening here? $ echo $TERM xterm $ echo $PS1 \[\e[30m\][\t]\[\e[0m\]\[\e]0;\w\a\]\[\e[30m\][\W]$ $

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