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• How to build boost foreach cycle

  - by Ockonal

  Hi guys! I have some abstract class called IClass (has pure virtual function). There are some classes which inherit IClass: CFirst, CSecond. I want to add objects of classes which inherit into boost::ptr_vector: class IClass { virtual void someFunc() = 0; }; class CFirst : public IClass { }; class CSecond : public IClass { }; boost::ptr_vector<IClass> objectsList; objectsList.push_back(new CFirst()); objectsList.push_back(new CSecond()); And now my goal is to call function (which is declarated in IClass) from all objects in objectsList. I'd prefer to use BOOST_FOREACH: foreach(IClass tempObj, objectsList) { tempObj.someFunc(); } The problem is that IClass - abstract class, so I can't make instance of it for the foreach-cycle. What should I do?

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• Are there Python ORMs out there that support multiple independent databases concurrently in use?

  - by sdt

  I'm writing an application in Python where I wish to use sqlite as the backing store for documents edited by the app, with documents generally living in memory, but being saved to disk-based databases when the application saves. Ideally I'd like to use something like an ORM to make access to the data from my Python application code simple. Unfortunately it seems like the majority of Python ORMs, including SQLAlchemy, SQLObject, Django, and Storm, associate the database connection (or engine or whatever) with the classes representing table data, rather than instances of those classes. This restricts these ORMs to working with a single database connection across all instances. Since I'd like to support having multiple documents open simultaneously, this isn't going to work for me. Are there any ORMs out there that support this usage model in Python? Bazaar seems to support this, but it's quite out of date, and at first glance appears to have some other shortcomings. Thanks for any suggestions!

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• How to document object-oriented MATLAB code?

  - by jjkparker

  I'm writing a sizable application using object-oriented MATLAB, and this has gotten me thinking about how to document the code. If this was C, I would use Doxygen. For Java, I'd use JavaDoc. Both have mostly agreed-upon standards for how class and method documentation should look and what it should contain. But what about MATLAB code? The most I've seen in TMW's own classes is a short sentence or two at the top of the class, and I can't find any topics devoted to documenting sizable MATLAB applications. So how do you document your MATLAB classes? Any particular style issues or additional tools?

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• flex custom events bubbling

  - by Rajeshbabu TRC

  Dear Richard Szalay, i go through your answers regarding bubbling, i want explore bubbling more. Please see my sample below <mx:Application xmlns:mx="http://www.adobe.com/2006/mxml" layout="absolute" xmlns:view="com.view.*" > } ]] In my custom event class i set bubbling=true, cancelable=true I can understand from previous answer that bubbling only affects UI components; events fired from custom classes will not bubble, even if the bubbles argument is set to true. My question is how can i prevent panelClickHandler function got fired when i click button in the "Load" (custom component)?? pleas explain bubbling with good example ( like to have with custom event classes)?

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• What should I name my files with generic class definitions?

  - by Tomas Lycken

  I'm writing a couple of classes that all have generic type arguments, but I need to overload the classes because I need a different number of arguments in different scenarios. Basically, I have public class MyGenericClass<T> { ... } public class MyGenericClass<T, K> { ... } public class MyGenericClass<T, K, L> { ... } // it could go on forever, but it won't... I want them all in the same namespace, but in one source file per class. What should I name the files? Is there a best practice?

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• What is the best PHP framework for building a website around a heavily relational PostgreSQL databas

  - by Kenaniah

  First of all, the framework of choice needs to have excellent support for PostgreSQL. I don't care about MySQL because it doesn't have half of the features the application I will be porting requires. (And when I say excellent support, I mean that their approach to database drivers has not been solely trained in MySQL). The ideal framework: Should take full advantage of PHP 5.3 and PostgreSQL 8.4 features Should support new technologies such as OpenID and social networking Should support complex relationships between database relations Should have an intelligent validation system Should have a basic library of helpful views (such as pagination, navigation, etc) Should probably be MVC based Should have excellent documentation and an active development community Should namespace classes intelligently What I'm looking for might be more of a library of utilities, as I really don't want to be restricted by the framework in what I can and can not do. I have my own small library of core classes that take care of business logic, and I will most likely want to integrate those with the new framework as well. Thanks!

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• How do you go from an abstract project description to actual code?

  - by Jason

  Maybe its because I've been coding around two semesters now, but the major stumbling block that I'm having at this point is converting the professor's project description and requirements to actual code. Since I'm currently in Algorithms 101, I basically do a bottom-up process, starting with a blank whiteboard and draw out the object and method interactions, then translate that into classes and code. But now the prof has tossed interfaces and abstract classes into the mix. Intellectually, I can recognize how they work, but am stubbing my toes figuring out how to use these new tools with the current project (simulating a web server). In my professors own words, mapping the abstract description to Java code is the real trick. So what steps are best used to go from English (or whatever your language is) to computer code? How do you decide where and when to create an interface, or use an abstract class?

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• Catch Multiple Custom Exceptions? - C++

  - by Alex

  Hi all, I'm a student in my first C++ programming class, and I'm working on a project where we have to create multiple custom exception classes, and then in one of our event handlers, use a try/catch block to handle them appropriately. My question is: How do I catch my multiple custom exceptions in my try/catch block? GetMessage() is a custom method in my exception classes that returns the exception explanation as a std::string. Below I've included all the relevant code from my project. Thanks for your help! try/catch block // This is in one of my event handlers, newEnd is a wxTextCtrl try { first.ValidateData(); newEndT = first.ComputeEndTime(); *newEnd << newEndT; } catch (// don't know what do to here) { wxMessageBox(_(e.GetMessage()), _("Something Went Wrong!"), wxOK | wxICON_INFORMATION, this);; } ValidateData() Method void Time::ValidateData() { int startHours, startMins, endHours, endMins; startHours = startTime / MINUTES_TO_HOURS; startMins = startTime % MINUTES_TO_HOURS; endHours = endTime / MINUTES_TO_HOURS; endMins = endTime % MINUTES_TO_HOURS; if (!(startHours <= HOURS_MAX && startHours >= HOURS_MIN)) throw new HourOutOfRangeException("Beginning Time Hour Out of Range!"); if (!(endHours <= HOURS_MAX && endHours >= HOURS_MIN)) throw new HourOutOfRangeException("Ending Time Hour Out of Range!"); if (!(startMins <= MINUTE_MAX && startMins >= MINUTE_MIN)) throw new MinuteOutOfRangeException("Starting Time Minute Out of Range!"); if (!(endMins <= MINUTE_MAX && endMins >= MINUTE_MIN)) throw new MinuteOutOfRangeException("Ending Time Minute Out of Range!"); if(!(timeDifference <= P_MAX && timeDifference >= P_MIN)) throw new PercentageOutOfRangeException("Percentage Change Out of Range!"); if (!(startTime < endTime)) throw new StartEndException("Start Time Cannot Be Less Than End Time!"); } Just one of my custom exception classes, the others have the same structure as this one class HourOutOfRangeException { public: // param constructor // initializes message to passed paramater // preconditions - param will be a string // postconditions - message will be initialized // params a string // no return type HourOutOfRangeException(string pMessage) : message(pMessage) {} // GetMessage is getter for var message // params none // preconditions - none // postconditions - none // returns string string GetMessage() { return message; } // destructor ~HourOutOfRangeException() {} private: string message; };

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• SQLite doesn't have booleans or date-times...but C# does

  - by DanM

  I've been thinking about using SQLite for my next project, but I'm concerned that it seems to lack proper datetime and bit data types. If I use DbLinq (or some other ORM) to generate C# classes, will the data types of the properties be "dumbed down"? Will date-time data be placed in properties of type string or double? Will boolean data be placed in properties of type int? If yes, what are the implications? I'm envisioning a scenario where I need to write a whole second layer of classes with more specific data types and do a bunch of transformations and casts, but maybe it's not so bad. If you have any experience with this or a similar scenario, what are your "lessons learned"?

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• Problem with launching JAGUAR in R

  - by Gerry

  Windows XP, R 2.11.1, Java JRE6 I just installed the Jaguar package. From an R console, I can do this: > library(JGR) Loading required package: rJava Loading required package: JavaGD Loading required package: iplots Please use the corresponding JGR launcher to start JGR. Run JGR() for details. You can also use JGR(update=TRUE) to update JGR. and so JGR appears to be correctly installed. JGR() yields On Windows JGR must be started using the JGR.exe launcher. Please visit http://www.rosuda.org/JGR/ to download it. > I'm not sure how to run Jaguar - I know I have to run jgr.exe - but should R be already open? If so, should the JGR library be already loaded? I've tried all of these, and what seems to happen regardless is a console window opens briefly, then disappears. I've run jrg --debug, with no apparent error message: (same file regardless of choice made above). What should I be doing? Thanks! System: Version 5.1 (build 2600), platform 2 [Service Pack 3] JGR loader version 1.61 (build Jul 23 2008) parseParams> 1 parameters parsed. parseParams par 10> "--debug" > rhome="C:\Program Files\R\R-2.11.1" > srhome="C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1" getPkgVersion(JGR): 010702 getPkgVersion(rJava): 000805 getPkgVersion(JavaGD): 000503 getPkgVersion(iplots): 010103 Loading preferences from "C:\Documents and Settings\gblais\.JGRprefsrc" > javakey="Software\JavaSoft\Java Runtime Environment\1.6" > javah="C:\Program Files\Java\jre6" > tp="C:\Perl\site\bin;C:\Perl\bin;C:\PHP\;C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.8\miktex\bin;C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\PyQt4;C:\Program Files\Tcl\bin;C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\client_2\BIN;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files\Support Tools\;c:\belfry;c:\belfry\usr\local\wbin;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32;C:\WINDOWS\System32\WBEM;c:\Program Files\QuickTime\QTSystem\;C:\Program Files\SlikSvn\bin\;c:\progra~1\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin\" Got RuntimeLib from registry, using "C:\Program Files\Java\jre6\bin\client;" PATH prefix. Java home: "C:\Program Files\Java\jre6" R home: "C:\Program Files\R\R-2.11.1" JAR files: "-Drjava.class.path=C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\library\rJava\jri\JRI.jar;C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\library\iplots\java\iplots.jar;C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\library\JGR\java\JGR.jar;C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\etc\classes;C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\etc\classes.jar" desired PATH: "C:\Program Files\Java\jre6\bin\client;C:\Program Files\Java\jre6\bin\client;C:\Program Files\Java\jre6\bin;C:\Program Files\R\R-2.11.1\bin;C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\library\rJava\jri;C:\Perl\site\bin;C:\Perl\bin;C:\PHP\;C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.8\miktex\bin;C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\PyQt4;C:\Program Files\Tcl\bin;C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\client_2\BIN;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files\Support Tools\;c:\belfry;c:\belfry\usr\local\wbin;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32;C:\WINDOWS\System32\WBEM;c:\Program Files\QuickTime\QTSystem\;C:\Program Files\SlikSvn\bin\;c:\progra~1\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin\" actual PATH: "C:\Program Files\Java\jre6\bin\client;C:\Program Files\Java\jre6\bin\client;C:\Program Files\Java\jre6\bin;C:\Program Files\R\R-2.11.1\bin;C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\library\rJava\jri;C:\Perl\site\bin;C:\Perl\bin;C:\PHP\;C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.8\miktex\bin;C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\PyQt4;C:\Program Files\Tcl\bin;C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\client_2\BIN;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files\Support Tools\;c:\belfry;c:\belfry\usr\local\wbin;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32;C:\WINDOWS\System32\WBEM;c:\Program Files\QuickTime\QTSystem\;C:\Program Files\SlikSvn\bin\;c:\progra~1\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin\" getenv PATH: "C:\Perl\site\bin;C:\Perl\bin;C:\PHP\;C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.8\miktex\bin;C:\Python26\Lib\site-packages\PyQt4;C:\Program Files\Tcl\bin;C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\client_2\BIN;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\Program Files\Support Tools\;c:\belfry;c:\belfry\usr\local\wbin;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32;C:\WINDOWS\System32\WBEM;c:\Program Files\QuickTime\QTSystem\;C:\Program Files\SlikSvn\bin\;c:\progra~1\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\bin\" argv[0]:C:\PROGRA~1\Java\jre6\bin\java.exe argv[1]:-Drjava.class.path=C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\library\rJava\jri\JRI.jar;C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\library\iplots\java\iplots.jar;C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\library\JGR\java\JGR.jar;C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\etc\classes;C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\etc\classes.jar argv[2]:-Xmx512m argv[3]:-cp argv[4]:C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\library\rJava\java\boot argv[5]:-Drjava.path=C:\PROGRA~1\R\R-211~1.1\library\rJava argv[6]:-Dmain.class=org.rosuda.JGR.JGR argv[7]:-Djgr.load.pkgs=yes argv[8]:-Djgr.loader.ver=1.61 argv[9]:RJavaClassLoader argv[10]:--debug

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• How can I launch a system command via Javascript in Google Chrome?

  - by kvsn

  I want to execute a local program on my computer via Javascript in Chrome. In Firefox, it can be done as follows (after setting 'signed.applets.codebase_principal_support' to true in about:config): function run_cmd(cmd, args) { netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege("UniversalXPConnect"); var file = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/file/local;1"] .createInstance(Components.interfaces.nsILocalFile); file.initWithPath(cmd); var process = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/process/util;1"] .createInstance(Components.interfaces.nsIProcess); process.init(file); process.run(false, args, args.length); } What's the equivalent code for Chrome?

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• Log4j - Logging to multiple log files based on the project modules

  - by Veera

  Consider this scenario: I have a project with two modules and one common module as below (the package structure): com.mysite.moduleone com.mysite.moduletwo com.mysite.commonmodule In the above, the commonmodule classes can be used by other two modules. The question: I need to configureLog4J such a way that the log messages from moduleone and moduletwo goes to different log file. I can always do this using using category. But the real problem is when I want to log the messages from the commonmodule also. So, when the commonmodule classes are called from moduleone the commonmodule log messages should go to the moduleone log file. If the commonmodule is accesse from moduletwo the commonmodule log messages should go to moduletwo log file. Is it possible to configure Log4J in this fashion? Any comments? PS: I think I made my question clear. If any confusion, leave a comment, wil try to clear it. :)

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• MVC paths in Extjs

  - by Oleg

  I have got a ExtJs application (MVC). So, I define many controllers, models, views and stores. At now, the structure of my project is not easy. For example my model: Ext.define('KP.model.account.AccountList', { extend: 'Ext.data.Model', fields: ['parameter', 'string_value'] }); I define my store with model like this: Ext.define('KP.store.account.AccountList', { extend: 'Ext.data.Store', alias: 'store.s_AccountList', model: 'KP.model.account.AccountList', ...................................... }); If I want to move some .js files, I must rewrite many paths in classes definitions. So, how can I declare my classes (by alias maybe) and use them more effectively? It's need, If I move files on files tree. Thanks!

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• java tool for debugging

  - by user269723

  Hi experts, Currently we are studying the java based tool which is primararily Reporting tool.It was developed in 2000/2001 period and uses many open source libraries like Apache Avalon/Mx4J.Adaptor/edu.Oswego(java concurrent package) etc. Tool uses jdk 1.3.1 and goal is to upgrade to jdk 1.5.We have also been asked to remove these 'outdated' packages and replace by standard java packages if possible. Unfortunately we have the code available for study but lacks any documentation and really difficult to track the flow(Total number of classes written might be more than 1000) during debugging. Whats the best way to understand this kind of tool? any Graphical tool to see the relationship between the classes? Thanks SR

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• Is a class that is hard to unit test badly designed?

  - by Extrakun

  I am now doing unit testing on an application which was written over the year, before I started to do unit-testing diligently. I realized that the classes I wrote are hard to unit test, for the following reasons: Relies on loading data from database. Which means I have to setup a row in the table just to run the unit test (and I am not testing database capabilities). Requires a lot of other external classes just to get the class I am testing to its initial state. On the whole, there don't seem to be anything wrong with the design except that it is too tightly coupled (which by itself is a bad thing). I figure that if I have written automated test cases with each of the class, hence ensuring that I don't heap extra dependencies or coupling for the class to work, the class might be better designed. Does this reason holds water? What are your experiences?

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• NoClassDefFound error - Spring JDBC

  - by glowcoder

  Right now, I'm compiling my .class files in eclipse and moving them over to my %tomcat_home%\webapps\myapp\WEB-INF\classes directory. They compile just fine. I also have in the ...\classes directory a org.springframework.jdbc-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar which I have verified has the org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource class inside it. However, I get a NoClassDefFound error when I run my class and it tries to DriverManagerDataSource source = new DriverManagerDataSource(); I don't understand why it wouldn't be finding that jar. Any help is appreciated!

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• Java - JDBC alternatives

  - by Mike

  Hello, this is just teorethical question. I use JDBC with my Java applications for using database (select, insert, update, delete or whatever). I make "manually" Java classes which will contain data from DB tables (attribute = db column). Than I make querys (ResultSet) and fill those classes with data. I am not sure, if this is the right way. But I've read lot of about JDO and another persistence solutions. Can you please recommend some? Which are modern? Will be used in the future? Some advantages of JDO over JDBC (in simple words). I've been able to google lot of this stuff, but opinions from the "first hand" are always best. Thank you for responses, Mike

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• Is it good to subclass a class only to separate some functional parts?

  - by prostynick

  Suppose we have abstract class A (all examples in C#) public abstract class A { private Foo foo; public A() { } public void DoSomethingUsingFoo() { //stuff } public void DoSomethingElseUsingFoo() { //stuff } //a lot of other stuff... } But we are able to split it into two classes A and B: public abstract class A { public A() { } //a lot of stuff... } public abstract class B : A { private Foo foo; public B() : base() { } public void DoSomethingUsingFoo() { //stuff } public void DoSomethingElseUsingFoo() { //stuff } //nothing else or just some overrides of A stuff } That's good, but we are 99.99% sure, that no one will ever subclass A, because functionality in B is very important. Is it still good to have two separate classes only to split some code into two parts and to separate functional elements?

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• How can I add attributes to methods and types defined in IronPython?

  - by andersjanmyr

  Since IronPython doesn't support attributes I am wondering if there is another way to decorate IronPython classes with attributes, perhaps with reflection?

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• Error with mounting partiotn ubuntu

  - by Master

  I have ext3 partition and i get this error mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb1, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so Command in fstab is /dev/sdb1 /media/Server ext3 defaults 0 0

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• Wicket app in embedded Jetty causes UnsupportedClassVersionError

  - by Ondra Žižka

  I've tried to run a Wicket app in an embedded Jetty, using this code: public static void main( String[] args ){ Server server = new Server(8080); Context root = new Context( server, "/", Context.SESSIONS ); FilterHolder filterHolder = new FilterHolder( new WicketFilter() ); filterHolder.getInitParameters().put("applicationClassName", cz.dw.test.WicketApplication.class.getName() ); root.addFilter( filterHolder, "/*" , Handler.ALL ); try { server.start(); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } But I got java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: Bad version number in .class file. Switching the target class version for my app (1.6 - 1.5) did not help. I use Sun JDK 1.6.0_17, Wicket 1.4.8, Jetty 6.1.24. I tried to debug, but the JRE classes have no debug data. The stacktrace is of no use as it happens when loading the classes into JVM. Any ideas what could be wrong? How can I find which class is causing this? Thanks, Ondra

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• strategy for observer pattern?

  - by fayer

  I want to use observer pattern for a logging system. We have got logObservers and logObservables. The class that will have to log something will implement iLogObservable and include these methods: private $logObservers = array(); public function addLogObserver($logObserver) { $this->logObservers[] = $logObserver; } public function removeLogObserver($logObserver) { $this->logObservers[] = $logObserver; } public function write($type, $message) { foreach($this->logObservers as $logObserver) { $logObserver->log($level, $message); ; } } Then I noticed, that a lot of classes that will use logging will have these methods and I have to copy paste. So isn't it better to have these methods in a class I call LogObservable or just Log and then use strategy (instantiate this class inside all classes that will have to log). When I change the methods in Log, all logObservables will be affected. However, I have not seen anyone use observer pattern with strategy pattern yet, but it seems to be very efficient and remove the duplications. What do you think?

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• mdadm: Win7-install created a boot partition on one of my RAID6 drives. How to rebuild?

  - by EXIT_FAILURE

  My problem happened when I attempted to install Windows 7 on it's own SSD. The Linux OS I used which has knowledge of the software RAID system is on a SSD that I disconnected prior to the install. This was so that windows (or I) wouldn't inadvertently mess it up. However, and in retrospect, foolishly, I left the RAID disks connected, thinking that windows wouldn't be so ridiculous as to mess with a HDD that it sees as just unallocated space. Boy was I wrong! After copying over the installation files to the SSD (as expected and desired), it also created an ntfs partition on one of the RAID disks. Both unexpected and totally undesired! . I changed out the SSDs again, and booted up in linux. mdadm didn't seem to have any problem assembling the array as before, but if I tried to mount the array, I got the error message: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so dmesg: EXT4-fs (md0): ext4_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 0 not in group (block 1318081259)! EXT4-fs (md0): group descriptors corrupted! I then used qparted to delete the newly created ntfs partition on /dev/sdd so that it matched the other three /dev/sd{b,c,e}, and requested a resync of my array with echo repair > /sys/block/md0/md/sync_action This took around 4 hours, and upon completion, dmesg reports: md: md0: requested-resync done. A bit brief after a 4-hour task, though I'm unsure as to where other log files exist (I also seem to have messed up my sendmail configuration). In any case: No change reported according to mdadm, everything checks out. mdadm -D /dev/md0 still reports: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Wed May 23 22:18:45 2012 Raid Level : raid6 Array Size : 3907026848 (3726.03 GiB 4000.80 GB) Used Dev Size : 1953513424 (1863.02 GiB 2000.40 GB) Raid Devices : 4 Total Devices : 4 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Mon May 26 12:41:58 2014 State : clean Active Devices : 4 Working Devices : 4 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 0 Layout : left-symmetric Chunk Size : 4K Name : okamilinkun:0 UUID : 0c97ebf3:098864d8:126f44e3:e4337102 Events : 423 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 16 0 active sync /dev/sdb 1 8 32 1 active sync /dev/sdc 2 8 48 2 active sync /dev/sdd 3 8 64 3 active sync /dev/sde Trying to mount it still reports: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so and dmesg: EXT4-fs (md0): ext4_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 0 not in group (block 1318081259)! EXT4-fs (md0): group descriptors corrupted! I'm a bit unsure where to proceed from here, and trying stuff "to see if it works" is a bit too risky for me. This is what I suggest I should attempt to do: Tell mdadm that /dev/sdd (the one that windows wrote into) isn't reliable anymore, pretend it is newly re-introduced to the array, and reconstruct its content based on the other three drives. I also could be totally wrong in my assumptions, that the creation of the ntfs partition on /dev/sdd and subsequent deletion has changed something that cannot be fixed this way. My question: Help, what should I do? If I should do what I suggested , how do I do that? From reading documentation, etc, I would think maybe: mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --set-faulty /dev/sdd mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sdd mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --re-add /dev/sdd However, the documentation examples suggest /dev/sdd1, which seems strange to me, as there is no partition there as far as linux is concerned, just unallocated space. Maybe these commands won't work without. Maybe it makes sense to mirror the partition table of one of the other raid devices that weren't touched, before --re-add. Something like: sfdisk -d /dev/sdb | sfdisk /dev/sdd Bonus question: Why would the Windows 7 installation do something so st...potentially dangerous? Update I went ahead and marked /dev/sdd as faulty, and removed it (not physically) from the array: # mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --set-faulty /dev/sdd # mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sdd However, attempting to --re-add was disallowed: # mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --re-add /dev/sdd mdadm: --re-add for /dev/sdd to /dev/md0 is not possible --add, was fine. # mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdd mdadm -D /dev/md0 now reports the state as clean, degraded, recovering, and /dev/sdd as spare rebuilding. /proc/mdstat shows the recovery progress: md0 : active raid6 sdd[4] sdc[1] sde[3] sdb[0] 3907026848 blocks super 1.2 level 6, 4k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UU_U] [>....................] recovery = 2.1% (42887780/1953513424) finish=348.7min speed=91297K/sec nmon also shows expected output: ¦sdb 0% 87.3 0.0| > |¦ ¦sdc 71% 109.1 0.0|RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR > |¦ ¦sdd 40% 0.0 87.3|WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW > |¦ ¦sde 0% 87.3 0.0|> || It looks good so far. Crossing my fingers for another five+ hours :) Update 2 The recovery of /dev/sdd finished, with dmesg output: [44972.599552] md: md0: recovery done. [44972.682811] RAID conf printout: [44972.682815] --- level:6 rd:4 wd:4 [44972.682817] disk 0, o:1, dev:sdb [44972.682819] disk 1, o:1, dev:sdc [44972.682820] disk 2, o:1, dev:sdd [44972.682821] disk 3, o:1, dev:sde Attempting mount /dev/md0 reports: mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so And on dmesg: [44984.159908] EXT4-fs (md0): ext4_check_descriptors: Block bitmap for group 0 not in group (block 1318081259)! [44984.159912] EXT4-fs (md0): group descriptors corrupted! I'm not sure what do do now. Suggestions? Output of dumpe2fs /dev/md0: dumpe2fs 1.42.8 (20-Jun-2013) Filesystem volume name: Atlas Last mounted on: /mnt/atlas Filesystem UUID: e7bfb6a4-c907-4aa0-9b55-9528817bfd70 Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53 Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic) Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash Default mount options: user_xattr acl Filesystem state: clean Errors behavior: Continue Filesystem OS type: Linux Inode count: 244195328 Block count: 976756712 Reserved block count: 48837835 Free blocks: 92000180 Free inodes: 243414877 First block: 0 Block size: 4096 Fragment size: 4096 Reserved GDT blocks: 791 Blocks per group: 32768 Fragments per group: 32768 Inodes per group: 8192 Inode blocks per group: 512 RAID stripe width: 2 Flex block group size: 16 Filesystem created: Thu May 24 07:22:41 2012 Last mount time: Sun May 25 23:44:38 2014 Last write time: Sun May 25 23:46:42 2014 Mount count: 341 Maximum mount count: -1 Last checked: Thu May 24 07:22:41 2012 Check interval: 0 (<none>) Lifetime writes: 4357 GB Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root) Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root) First inode: 11 Inode size: 256 Required extra isize: 28 Desired extra isize: 28 Journal inode: 8 Default directory hash: half_md4 Directory Hash Seed: e177a374-0b90-4eaa-b78f-d734aae13051 Journal backup: inode blocks dumpe2fs: Corrupt extent header while reading journal super block

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• Python imports by folder module

  - by colinmarc

  I have a directory structure: example.py templates/ __init__.py a.py b.py a.py and b.py have only one class, named the same as the file (because they are cheetah templates). For purely style reasons, I want to be able to import and use these classes in example.py like so: import templates t = templates.a() Right now I do that by having this in the template folder's __init__.py: __all__ = ["a", "b"] from . import * However, this seems pretty poor (and maybe superfluous), and doesn't even do what I want, as I have to use the classes like this: t = templates.a.a() Thoughts?

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• Problem Converting Web To Web Project In VS2008

  - by leen3o

  I have converted my old VS2008 Website to Web Application, now everything was working before I tried to convert it. But now I don't seem to be able to reference my Classes? For example I have a BasePage class that every .aspx page inherits like so public partial class SomePageName : BasePage { } But now I get this message? And the same for all the other classes? The type or namespace name 'BasePage' could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) How do I find out which 'using' directive I am missing and whats an assembly reference?

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