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  • Is False == 0 and True == 1 in Python an implementation detail or guaranteed by the language?

    - by EOL
    Is it guaranteed that False == 0 and True == 1, in Python? For instance, is it in any way guaranteed that the following code will always produce the same results, whatever the version of Python (existing and in the foreseeable future)? 0 == False # True 1 == True # True ['zero', 'one'][False] # is 'zero' Any reference to the official documentation would be much appreciated! Other comments would be appreciated too… :) Edit: As noted in many answers, bool inherits from int. The question can therefore be recast as: "Is this an implementation detail that might change in the future, or does the documentation officially say that programmers can rely on booleans inheriting from integers?". This question is relevant for writing robust code that won't fail because of implementation details! Edit 2: The original question is still open, I believe (even though I accepted what I thought was the closest answer): even though Python 3 officially recognizes booleans as integers, I have not yet seen any official integer values for False and True… It therefore looks to me like it is best to stay clear from the assumption that False==0 and True==1.

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  • Security concerns for a multi-lingual web application.

    - by The Rook
    I am converting a PHP MySQL web application written for English language into a Multi-Language site. Do you know any vulnerabilities that affect web applications in another language? Or perhaps vulnerabilities that could be introduced in the conversion of code base to support multiple languages. (If you know any vulnerabilities of this type in another programming language I'll give you a +1)

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  • What programming language do you wear a suit for?

    - by Paul
    My company writes mostly .NET code, I work in a professional, 'business casual' environment. Both of these things seemed pretty ubiquitous across the corporate software world, however I recently visited a few companies that use PHP/Ruby and nearly all their devs had facial piercings/visible tattoos, etc. and their offices had no apparent dress code. This might sound funny, but it made me wonder, is there any correlation between specific technology and office culture? For example, have you ever had to wear a suit to a programming job, and if so what technology did you use?

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  • Easy way to convert a string of 0's and 1's into a character? C language

    - by Nick
    I'm doing a steganography project where I read in bytes from a ppm file and add the least significant bit to an array. So once 8 bytes are read in, I would have 8 bits in my array, which should equal some character in a hidden message. Is there an easy way to convert an array of 0's and 1's into an ascii value? For example, the array: char bits[] = "0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0" would equal 't'.

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  • What are the latest tools that I can use to write a DSL (Domain-specific language) in 2009 Sep?

    - by servicesxiaodai
    I looked into Logix and EasyExtend for Python. Logix hasn't been around for a while and it failed to install on Python 2.6. EasyExtend's tutorial is hopeless, the code in the tutorial doesn't even work. I am looking for something so I can write my DSL. My DSL will be used as a research tool. And I don't want to spend time learning all that parsing and compiler theory.

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  • How do I define my own operators in the Io programming language?

    - by klep
    I'm trying to define my own operator in Io, and I'm having a hard time. I have an object: MyObject := Object clone do( lst := list() !! := method(n, lst at(n)) ) But when I call it, like this: x := MyObject clone do(lst appendSeq(list(1, 2, 3))) x !! 2 But I get an exception that argument 0 to at must not be nil. How can I fix?

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  • how to create english language dictionary application with python (django)?

    - by sintaloo
    Hi All, I would like to create an online dictionary application by using python (or with django). It will be similar to http://dictionary.reference.com/. My question is (1) Are there any existing open source python package or modules or application which implements this functionality that I can use or study from? (2) If the answer to the first question is NO. which algorithm should I follow to create such web application? Can I simply use the python built-in dictionary object for this job? so that the dictionary object's key will be the english word and the value will be the explanation. is this OK in term of performance? OR Do I have to create my own Tree Object to speed up the search? or any existing package which handles this job properly? Thank you very much.

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  • What to do with someone who can only use "the one true language"?

    - by Rob Wells
    G'day, How do you work with someone when they haven't been able to see that there is a range of other languages out there beyond "The One True Path"? I mean someone who hasn't grown up to realise that the modern software professional has a range of tools in his toolbox. Someone who has a well-equipped toolbox and then selects the best tool for the job at hand. The person who's knee jerk reaction is, for example, "We must do this is C++!" "Everything must be done in C++!" What's the best approach for these people? How do you open them up to the fact that "not everything is a nail." cheers,

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  • What pitfalls (if any) are there to learning C/C++ as a first language?

    - by thyrgle
    Hi, I first learned C++ then moved to C (I know kind of backwards) and then I found a thing called iTunes U and began watching programming classes to extend my knowledge and noticed that Stanford and MIT both did not teach C or C++ as an introduction to computer programming. Then I began to wonder why they didn't begin teaching C/C++ because I thought C/C++ was more efficient than Java (which Stanford taught) and Python (which MIT taught). Or maybe there is no particular reason?

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  • Programatically reinitiate an app?

    - by Attacus
    I have a language toggle in my app and it would be really easy to manage if when the user switches language I could present an activityIndicator and reinitialize all the views of the app with the new language default. Sort of how the iPhone settings manage language changes. Is there an easy way to do this?

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  • How do you use the C language to produce a ruby gem?

    - by DJTripleThreat
    I would like to see some source code or maybe a link to some that gives at least a stub for writing ruby gems in the C languages (C++?? is that possible too?) Also, some of you may know that Facebook compiles some of their code natively as php extensions for better performance. Is anyone doing this in Rails? If so, what has been your experience with it? Have you found it to be useful? Thanks. Edit: I guess I'll answer my own question with some stuff I learned today but I'm going to leave the question open for another answer because I'd like to see what others have to say on this topic

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  • Any tools can randomly generate the source code according to a language grammar?

    - by wbsun
    A C program source code can be parsed according to the C grammar(described in CFG) and eventually turned into many ASTs. I am considering if such tool exists: it can do the reverse thing by firstly randomly generating many ASTs, which include tokens that don't have the concrete string values, just the types of the tokens, according to the CFG, then generating the concrete tokens according to the tokens' definitions in the regular expression. I can imagine the first step looks like an iterative non-terminals replacement, which is randomly and can be limited by certain number of iteration times. The second step is just generating randomly strings according to regular expressions. Is there any tool that can do this?

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  • Why don't hardware failures show up at the programming language level?

    - by Julian Cienfuegos
    I am wondering if anyone can give my a good answer, or at least point me in the direction of a good reference to the following question: How come I have never heard of a computer breaking in a very fundamental way? How come when I declare x to be a double it stays as a double? How come there is never a short circuit that robs it of some bytes and makes it an integer? Why do we have faith that when we initialize x to 10, there will never be a power surge that will cause it to become 11, or something similar? I think I need a better understanding of memory. Thanks, and please don't bash me over the head for such a simple/abstract question.

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  • Artificial Intelligence Project - What language should I go for?

    - by Kremlin Yocepf
    Hi, I am a computer science student and I am going to work on an artificial intelligence project which will compose a musical tune according to the genre and mood inputs. Are the algorithms to be used for this project likely to be very resource-consuming? Would it make any difference (in terms of speed) if I choose to go with Java rather than C++? (Note : I know only these two languages and I am more comfortable with Java than C++.) NB : Sorry for my poor English. If someone can, please clean up this post wherever necessary. Thanks.

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  • c language:make fgets to keep taking input until I press enter twice?

    - by wello horld
    hi I would like to ask how I would modify this code for the question: (It only accepts one input then prints it out. I want it to keep going until I hit enter (\n) twice. #include <stdio.h> #define MAXLENGTH 1000 int main(void) { char string[MAXLENGTH]; fgets(string, MAXLENGTH, stdin ); printf("%s\n", string); return 0; } I'm confused at the fgets(string, MAXLENGTH, stdin ); line, what does stdin mean/do?

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