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• Programmer configuring a new network

  - by David Lively

  I'm in the process of expanding my home network from a couple of laptops on a wireless Verizon FiOS router to include: Linksys 24-port switch Cisco Pix 515 Cisco 3640 router One new development desktop and three new machines to act as a db server, web server and a backup system. My company is moving offices and we've decommissioned some older hardware, which I was able to pick up for the cost of the labor to move it home from the office. The benefits to working with dedicated web and db servers are very valuable to me. I know very little about network topology, other than that everything plugs into the switch, which then plugs into the cheap Verizon router. (Verizon provides a coax connection that the router must translate into Ethernet before I can use it with any of this equipment). Questions: What is the recommended topology for this equipment? Verizon router - Pix - 3600 - switch? Is the 3600 even necessary or desirable? The Verizon router has one WAN port and 4 client ports, all 10/100. Is there any performance benefit at all to wiring multiple connections from the verizon router to the switch, assuming I don't use the Pix? Should I use the Pix? Software firewalls are a pain, and seem silly if I have a device like this lying around. Anything else I should know? Am I wasting my time with this? I also obtained a 7 foot rack, shelves, patch panels, UPS, patch panels, etc, which are going into a conveniently air conditioned closet. All constructive advice appreciated.

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• Throughput; capacity planning help for C10K like design

  - by z8000

  I am designing a network service in which clients connect and stay connected -- the model is not far off from IRC less the s2s connections. I could use some help understanding how to do capacity planning, in particular with the system resource costs associated with handling messages from/to clients. There's an article that tried to get 1 million clients connected to the same server [1]. Of course, most of these clients were completely idle in the test. If the clients sent a message every 5 seconds or so the system would surely be brought to its knees. But... How do you do less hand-waving and you know, measure such a breaking point? We're talking about messages being sent by a client over a TCP socket, into the kernel, and read by an application. The data is shuffled around in memory from one buffer to another. Do I need to consider memory throughput ("5 GT/s" [2], etc.)? I'm pretty sure I have the ability to measure the basic memory requirements due to TCP/IP buffers, expected bandwidth, and CPU resources required to process messages. I'm a little dim on what I'm calling "thoughput". Help! Also, does anyone really do this? Or, do most people sort of hand-wave and see what the real world offers, and then react appropriately? [1] http://www.metabrew.com/article/a-million-user-comet-application-with-mochiweb-part-3/ [2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GT/s

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• Remote Desktop *from* Windows 2008 R2 Server

  - by freefaller

  Summary: how do I create an RDC connection from a Windows 2008 server to another server? Our client will only allow us to connect to their server via a static IP address (which is fair enough), but unfortunately as we're a very small company we don't have one in the office. As a work around, we had the connection working through our old Windows 2003 server (dynamic-cloud from 1and1). .. however we have just rebuilt the server to run under Windows 2008 R2 (don't ask, but it was necessary), and now I simply cannot get the connection working. I have added an "Outbound Rule" to Windows Firewall with Advanced Security (TCP, All local ports, 3389 remote port - I have also tried the other way around). I have added a packet filter IP security rule with the same details. The 1and1 firewall rules (through their online control panel) allows for 3389 TCP and UDP. But it is simply not connecting (yes, the server is definitely on and able to accept connections) with the general error of... Remote Desktop can’t connect to the remote computer for one of these reasons: 1) Remote access to the server is not enabled 2) The remote computer is turned off 3) The remote computer is not available on the network Is there anything obvious I've missed - or something I can use to find out where the request is being blocked? The new server is using the exact same IP address as before, so I don't believe that would be an issue. Unless it's trying to use an IPv6 address rather than the old IPv4 address that it was before? I apologise that I am not a network person by trade, but I know more than anybody else in my office!!

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• debian VM refusing all traffic apart from http

  - by james lewis

  I've got a VM with a fresh install of Debian (wheezy) and I've installed node and mongo on it. The VM is using a bridged network connection so I was expecting to be able to point my host machines browser at the ip address of the Debian VM (port 1337 for my node example or port 28017 for my mongo status page) and see one of the two services (node or mongo). My requests are refused though. As far as I can tell Debian allows all traffic by default and you have to manually configure iptables to drop traffic. I've checked iptables and it says it's setup to allow anything through. It looks like this: root@devbox:/home/jlewis# iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination As a test I setup nginx and I was able to get to the nginx landing page from my host no problems so obviously http traffic is allowed. I then set nginx up to forward all traffic upstream to mongo - no problems there, I was able to see the status page. I then did the same for my example node server and again, no problems. So http traffic is fine, but all other traffic is blocked. Anyone know why debian might be refusing all other traffic other than iptables being setup to drop it? EDIT - output from netstat -nltp: Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:28017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1762/mongod tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:51028 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1541/rpc.statd tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2462/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:1337 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2794/node tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2274/exim4 tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:27017 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1762/mongod tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1510/rpcbind tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2189/nginx tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 2462/sshd tcp6 0 0 :::45335 :::* LISTEN 1541/rpc.statd tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 2274/exim4 tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1510/rpcbind

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• VPN from Windows XP to OpenSwan: correct setup?

  - by Gnudiff

  Main question is what I am doing wrong in my OpenSwan or L2TP client setup? I am trying to create a Linux OpenSwan VPN connection from Windows XP machine, using preshared key and the builtin Windows XP L2TP IPsec option. I have followed the instructions in Linux Home networking Wiki for setting up OpenSwan and a guide to making it work with the Windows XP client, but am now stuck. The net setup is as follows: [my windows client, private IP A]<->[f/wall B]<-internet->[g/w X]<->[Linux OpenSwan server Y] A - private subnet /24 B - internet address X - internet address /24 Y - internet address on same subnet as X What I essentially want is for computer with A address to feel and work, as if it was in X subnet for purposes of outgoing and incoming TCP and UDP connections. My OpenSwan setup is as follows: /etc/ipsec.conf (AAA and YYY indicates ip address parts of A and Y addresses): conn net-to-net authby=secret left=B leftsubnet=AAA.AAA.AAA.0/24 leftnexthop=%defaultroute right=Y rightsubnet=YYY.YYY.YYY.0/24 rightnexthop=B auto=start the secret in /etc/ipsec.secrets is listed as: B Y : PSK "0xMysecretkey" where B & Y stand for respective IP adresses of gateway B and linux server Y My L2TP WinXP setup is: IP of destination: Y don't prompt for username security options: typical, require secured pass, don't require data encryption, IPSec PSK set to 0xMysecretkey networking options: VPN Type: L2TP IPSec VPN; TCPIP protocol (with automatic IP address assignment) and QOS packet schedulers enabled The error I get from Windows client is 789: "error during initial negotiation"

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• CryptSvc not matched by Windows 7 Firewall rule

  - by theultramage

  I am using Windows Firewall in conjunction with a third-party tool to get notified about new outbound connection attempts (Windows Firewall Notifier or Windows Firewall Control). The way these tools do it is by setting the firewall to deny by default, and to add an auditing policy to log blocked connections into the Security event log. Then they watch the log, and display notification about newly added entries. netsh advfirewall set allprofiles firewallpolicy blockinbound,blockoutbound auditpol /set /subcategory:{0CCE9226-69AE-11D9-BED3-505054503030} /failure:enable With this configuration in place, I now need to craft outbound allow rules for applications and system services. Here is the rule for CryptSvc, the service frequently used for certificate validation and revocation checking: netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="Windows Cryptographic Services" action=allow enable=yes profile=any program="%SystemRoot%\system32\svchost.exe" service="CryptSvc" dir=out protocol=tcp remoteport=80,443 The problem is, this rule does not work. Unless I change the scope to "all programs and services" (which is really unhealthy), connection denied events like the following will keep appearing in the security log: Event 5157, Microsoft Windows security auditing. The Windows Filtering Platform has blocked a connection. Application Information: Process ID: 1476 (<- svchost.exe with CryptSvc and nothing else) Application Name: \device\harddiskvolume1\windows\system32\svchost.exe Network Information: Direction: Outbound Source Address: 192.168.0.1 Source Port: 49616 Destination Address: 2.16.52.16 Destination Port: 80 Protocol: 6 (<- TCP) To make sure it's CryptSvc, I have let the connection through and reviewed its traffic; I also configured CryptSvc to run in its own svchost instance to make it more obvious: ;sc config CryptSvc type= share sc config CryptSvc type= own So... why is it not matching the firewall rule, and how to fix that?

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• uWSGI cannot find "application" using Flask and Virtualenv

  - by skyler

  Using uWSGI to serve a simple wsgi app, (a simple "Hello, World") my configuration works, but when I try to run a Flask app, I get this in uWSGI's error logs: current working directory: /opt/python-env/coefficient/lib/python2.6/site-packages writing pidfile to /var/run/uwsgi.pid detected binary path: /opt/uwsgi/uwsgi setuid() to 497 your memory page size is 4096 bytes detected max file descriptor number: 1024 lock engine: pthread robust mutexes uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 127.0.0.1:3031 fd 3 Python version: 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Jun 18 2012, 14:18:47) [GCC 4.4.6 20110731 (Red Hat 4.4.6-3)] Set PythonHome to /opt/python-env/coefficient/ *** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads *** Python main interpreter initialized at 0xbed3b0 your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections *** Operational MODE: single process *** added /opt/python-env/coefficient/lib/python2.6/site-packages/ to pythonpath. unable to find "application" callable in file /var/www/coefficient/flask.py unable to load app 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error) *** no app loaded. going in full dynamic mode *** *** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***` Note in particular this part of the log: unable to find "application" callable in file /var/www/coefficient/flask.py unable to load app 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error) **no app loaded. going in full dynamic mode** This is my Flask app: from flask import Flask app = Flask(__name__) @app.route("/") def hello(): return "Hello, World, from Flask!" Before I added my Virtualenv's pythonpath to my configuration file, I was getting an ImportError for Flask. I solved this though, I believe (I'm not receiving errors about it anymore) and here is my complete configuration file: uwsgi: #socket: /tmp/uwsgi.sock socket: 127.0.0.1:3031 daemonize: /var/log/uwsgi.log pidfile: /var/run/uwsgi.pid master: true vacuum: true #wsgi-file: /var/www/coefficient/coefficient.py wsgi-file: /var/www/coefficient/flask.py processes: 1 virtualenv: /opt/python-env/coefficient/ pythonpath: /opt/python-env/coefficient/lib/python2.6/site-packages This is how I start uWSGI, from an rc script: /opt/uwsgi/uwsgi --yaml /etc/uwsgi/conf.yaml --uid uwsgi And if I try to view the Flask program in a browser, I get this: **uWSGI Error** Python application not found Any help is appreciated.

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• How to use DNS/Hostnames or Other ways to resolve to a specific IP:Port

  - by tomaszs

  This is a Canonical Question about DNS/Hostnames resolution to IPs/Ports Example 1 I'm running a web server on port 80 and another on port 87. I would like to use DNS so that www.example.com goes to port 87. How can I accomplish this using DNS only? Example 2 I'm running a service on my server on a non-standard port. How can I get clients to connect to this non-standard port automatically? Can I use DNS? Is there some application specific support where DNS could indicate the IP and Port? Example 3 Do some application protocols specifically support hostname awareness, and allow special actions to be taken based on this information? Are there other questions on Server Fault that cover some of these? Commandeering: This question was originally asking about running IIS and Apache on the same server, but the same concepts can be applied to any server software receiving connections from clients. The Answers below describe the technical problems and solutions of using DNS and application protocol support to assign a port number for a client to connect.

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• Windows errors, how do I find root cause and fix it? Getting several errors

  - by Eric Martin

  My server is having issues and not responding to customer's https requests. I checked the event viewer and found several errors. These two are listed a couple of times: WINS encountered a database error. This may or may not be a serious error. WINS will try to recover from it. You can check the database error events under 'Application Log' category of the Event Viewer for the Exchange Component, ESENT, source to find out more details about database errors. If you continue to see a large number of these errors consistently over time (a span of few hours), you may want to restore the WINS database from a backup. The error number is in the second DWORD of the data section. And this one: An error occured while using SSL configuration for socket address 0.0.0.0:444. The error status code is contained within the returned data. SQL Server is not ready to accept new client connections. Wait a few minutes before trying again. If you have access to the error log, look for the informational message that indicates that SQL Server is ready before trying to connect again. [CLIENT: xxx.xxx.xxxx.xxx] I also found this in the event viewer but the computer has been restarted since this message and I have not seen it again. Configuring the Page file for crash dump failed. Make sure there is a page file on the boot partition and that is large enough to contain all physical memory. This is my virtual memory settings: I'm not familiar with WINS so I wasn't sure if that is where I start or how to resolve it. Is the WINS error causing the other problems or should I be looking somewhere else?

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• Devices on one switch can't see devices on another switch

  - by jockey69

  I have RoadRunner Internet cable service hooked to a Motorola Surfboard modem. This is connected to a 10/100 wireless router (located in the garage). Downstairs, I have a ZyXEL GS-108b gigabit switch connected to one port on the router. From this switch I ran connections to a PS3, DVR, Vonage box and a wireless router (Buffalo AirStation 10/100). The Buffalo AirStation works as a wireless AP for other laptops, iPads and cell phones. Upstairs, I have an Asus gigabit switch connected to a gaming desktop, printer, and a media server on FreeNAS (PS3 Media Server on FreeNAS). The router is configured to assign static IPs to both the PS3 and the media server. Problem - I connect a laptop to the switch downstairs after disabling the wireless, thus making sure that I am accessing internet through the wired connection (and the router in the garage). All my computers, iPads and cell phones are able to connect to the internet without a problem. My PS3 connects to the interent with a wired connection but is unable to access the media server (I get a message that no media server is found). I used a wired laptop downstairs (connected to switch downstairs) but am unable to ping either the PS3 or media server! I may be doing something silly but am at my wits' end. Please help!

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• Apahe configuration with virtual hosts and SSL on a local network

  - by Petah

  I'm trying to setup my local Apache configuration like so: http://localhost/ should serve ~/ http://development.somedomain.co.nz/ should serve ~/sites/development.somedomain.co.nz/ https://development.assldomain.co.nz/ should serve ~/sites/development.assldomain.co.nz/ I only want to allow connections from our local network (192.168.1.* range) and myself (127.0.0.1). I have setup my hosts file with: 127.0.0.1 localhost 255.255.255.255 broadcasthost ::1 localhost fe80::1%lo0 localhost 127.0.0.1 development.somedomain.co.nz 127.0.0.1 development.assldomain.co.nz 127.0.0.1 development.anunuseddomain.co.nz My Apache configuration looks like: Listen 80 NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost development.somedomain.co.nz:80> ServerName development.somedomain.co.nz DocumentRoot "~/sites/development.somedomain.co.nz" DirectoryIndex index.php <Directory ~/sites/development.somedomain.co.nz> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ExecCGI Includes AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost localhost:80> DocumentRoot "~/" ServerName localhost <Directory "~/"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ExecCGI Includes AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> <IfModule mod_ssl.c> Listen *:443 NameVirtualHost *:443 AcceptMutex flock <VirtualHost development.assldomain.co.nz:443> ServerName development.assldomain.co.nz DocumentRoot "~/sites/development.assldomain.co.nz" DirectoryIndex index.php SSLEngine on SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP:+eNULL SSLCertificateFile /Applications/XAMPP/etc/ssl.crt/server.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /Applications/XAMPP/etc/ssl.key/server.key BrowserMatch ".*MSIE.*" \ nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \ downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 <Directory ~/sites/development.assldomain.co.nz> SSLRequireSSL Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ExecCGI Includes AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> </IfModule> http://development.somedomain.co.nz/ http://localhost/ and https://development.assldomain.co.nz/ work fine. The problem is when I request http://development.anunuseddomain.co.nz/ or http://development.assldomain.co.nz/ it responds with the same as http://development.somedomain.co.nz/ I want it to deny all requests that do not match a virtual host server name and all requests to a https host that are requested with http PS I'm running XAMPP on Mac OS X 10.5.8

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• postfix smtpd rejecting mail from outside network match_list_match: no match

  - by Loopo

  My postfix (V: 2.5.5-1.1) running on ubuntu server (9.04) started to reject mail arriving in from outside about 2 weeks ago. Doing a "manual" session via telnet shows that the connection is always closed after the MAIL FROM: [email protected] line is input, with the message "Connection closed by foreign host." Doing the same from another client inside the LAN works fine. In the log files I get the line "lost connection after MAIL from xxxxx.tld[xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]" This is after some lines like: match_hostaddr: XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX ~? [::1]/128 match_hostname: XXXX.tld ~? 192.168.1.0/24 ... match_list_match: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx: no match which seem to suggest some kind of filter which checks for allowed addresses. I have been unable to locate where this filter lives, or how to turn it off. I'm not even sure if that's what's causing my problem. Connections from inside the LAN don't get disconnected even though they also show a "match_list_match: ... no match" line. I didn't change any configuration files recently, below is my main.cf as it currently stands. I don't really know what all the parameters do and how they interact. I just set it up initially and it worked fine (up to recently). smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (GNU) biff = no readme_directory = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/server.crt smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/server.key #smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtp_sasl_auth_enable = no smtp_use_tls=no smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/smtp_auth myhostname = XXXXXXX.com alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases myorigin = /etc/mailname mydestination = XXXX.XXXX.com, XXXX.com, localhost.XXXXX.com, localhost relayhost = XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 192.168.1.0/24 mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION" mailbox_size_limit = 0 recipient_delimiter = + inet_interfaces = all smtpd_sasl_local_domain = #smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_ when checking the process list, postfix/smtpd runs as smtpd -n smtp -t inet -u -c -o stress -v -v Any clues?

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• Binding to LDAPS using PHP failing

  - by Sean

  We've finally set-up our server to accept ldap SSL connections thanks to another question answered by a helpful member. Our problem now is that when attempting to bind to ldap using the below simple PHP script, we constantly fail. Binding using ldap instead of ldaps works just fine using the script so I know the ldap is enabled. The catcher is that while using LDP.exe, we can successfully connect and bind to ldap on port 636 using a secure connection. The script we are failing with is below: <?php $ldap = ldap_connect("ldaps://localhost"); $username="user"; $password="pass"; if($bind = ldap_bind($ldap, $username,$password )) echo "logged in"; else echo "fail"; echo "<br/>done"; ?> We've also attempted inputting the username as "user@domain" or "domain/user" with no success. It seems I'm forever having LDAP/Cert questions. Our environment is Server 2008.

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• How to get multipath working for Ubuntu Server 12.04

  - by mlampi

  I'm working on a project which aims to make use of Ubuntu servers running on enterprise class hardware. In our case that means IBM HS23E blade servers, QLogic 4GB fibre channel extension cards and quite old IBM DS4500 disk array with two controllers. At the moment we have fibre channel as only boot option and Ubuntu Server 12.04 installed just fine and is able to boot without multipath. I'm not a linux professional myself but in our team we have people who will understand the technical stuff. Don't let my post confuse :) The current situation is that we have only one fibre channel connection to a single disk array controller. Real life case would be of course quite different. At minimum we should have two fibre channel ports connected to two different switches and two different controllers. However, we have no idea how to set up multipath tool. Is the DM-MPIO the right software? At minimum we should be able to boot when multiple connections are available and achieve fault tolerance when any of them should be down. Since the disk array is not the latest hardware, I managed to find RDAC driver sources only for 2.6.x kernel. And we have 3.2.x. Another issue is to build a multipath.conf. The said driver sources are from IBM support and the QLogic drivers provided to Ubuntu installer are from Ubuntu site. It seems that RHEL and SLES would have near out of the box support but that is not an option for our project. Actual questions: - What is the recommended software tool for multipath for Ubuntu Server 12.04? - Is there available pre-made configurations or templates? Does it require disk array / controller specific settings or do a more generic config work? - Do you have expriences on similar setup and like to share the knowledge? I'll provide you with any additional information you might require. Thanks in advance.

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• Continuous outbound connection from QNAP NAS

  - by user192702

  I notice on my firewall that my QNAP NAS is continuously sending UDP sessions out to the Internet. Every second I have 5 - 7 connections out to addresses like the following: 2013-11-10 23:17:54 Deny 192.168.60.5 93.215.212.162 6881/udp 6881 6881 2013-11-10 23:18:05 Deny 192.168.60.5 87.76.0.83 29872/udp 6881 29872 2013-11-10 23:18:05 Deny 192.168.60.5 5.164.188.224 6881/udp 6881 6881 2013-11-10 23:18:05 Deny 192.168.60.5 80.61.45.206 6881/udp 6881 6881 2013-11-10 23:18:34 Deny 192.168.60.5 37.117.204.129 6881/udp 6881 6881 2013-11-10 23:18:34 Deny 192.168.60.5 71.67.101.30 51413/udp 6881 51413 2013-11-10 23:18:34 Deny 192.168.60.5 89.28.92.191 8621/udp 6881 8621 2013-11-10 23:18:34 Deny 192.168.60.5 94.244.157.85 28221/udp 6881 28221 2013-11-10 23:18:34 Deny 192.168.60.5 213.241.61.240 9089/udp 6881 9089 2013-11-10 23:18:45 Deny 192.168.60.5 88.163.28.100 52721/udp 6881 52721 2013-11-10 23:18:45 Deny 192.168.60.5 37.55.190.20 10027/udp 6881 10027 2013-11-10 23:18:45 Deny 192.168.60.5 62.72.188.146 14306/udp 6881 14306 2013-11-10 23:19:14 Deny 192.168.60.5 85.53.244.205 51413/udp 6881 51413 2013-11-10 23:19:14 Deny 192.168.60.5 67.163.18.215 52130/udp 6881 52130 2013-11-10 23:19:14 Deny 192.168.60.5 86.172.105.140 9089/udp 6881 9089 2013-11-10 23:19:14 Deny 192.168.60.5 99.28.56.121 52383/udp 6881 52383 2013-11-10 23:19:14 Deny 192.168.60.5 109.60.184.249 46217/udp 6881 46217 2013-11-10 23:19:25 Deny 192.168.60.5 121.107.144.174 21135/udp 6881 21135 2013-11-10 23:19:25 Deny 192.168.60.5 84.39.116.180 48446/udp 6881 48446 2013-11-10 23:19:25 Deny 192.168.60.5 183.238.254.62 openvpn/udp 6881 1194 ......... This is frightening as it seems like it's been hacked to send information out. Has anyone observed this behaviour from their QNAP NAS?

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• Apache: How to redirect OPTIONS request with .htaccess?

  - by Milan Babuškov

  I have Apache 2.2.4 server with a lot of messages like this in the access_log: ::1 - - [15/May/2010:19:55:01 +0200] "OPTIONS * HTTP/1.0" 400 543 ::1 - - [15/May/2010:20:22:17 +0200] "OPTIONS * HTTP/1.0" 400 543 ::1 - - [15/May/2010:20:24:58 +0200] "OPTIONS * HTTP/1.0" 400 543 ::1 - - [15/May/2010:20:25:55 +0200] "OPTIONS * HTTP/1.0" 400 543 ::1 - - [15/May/2010:20:27:14 +0200] "OPTIONS * HTTP/1.0" 400 543 These are the "internal dummy connections" as explained on this page: http://wiki.apache.org/httpd/InternalDummyConnection The page also hits my main problem: "In 2.2.6 and earlier, in certain configurations, these requests may hit a heavy-weight dynamic web page and cause unnecessary load on the server. You can avoid this by using mod_rewrite to respond with a redirect when accessed with that specific User-Agent or IP address." Well, obviously I cannot use UserAgent because I minimized the server signature, but I could use IP address. However, I don't have a clue what should the RewriteCond and RewriteRule look for IPv6 address ::1. The website where this runs is using CodeIgniter, so there is already the following .htaccess in place, I just need to add to it: RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/system.* RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php?/$1 [G] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /index.php?/$1 [L] Any idea how to write this .htaccess rule?

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• OpenVPN, install a TAP adapter

  - by GolezTrol

  When I try to connect to my work VPN using OpenVPN, the connection fails with the message: All TAP-Win32 adapters on this system are currently in use. Many sources suggest to look in Control Panel\Network and Internet\Network Connections an enable the TAP adapter, but when I look there, there is none. Now I've run addtap.bat which is provided with OpenVPN, but I still don't get to see any TAP adapter, and logging in in VPN still fails. The output of addtap.bat is C:\Windows\system32>"C:\Program Files (x86)\OpenVPN\bin\tapinstall.exe" install "C:\Program Files (x86)\OpenVPN\driver\OemWin2k.inf" tap0801 Device node created. Install is complete when drivers are updated... Updating drivers for tap0801 from C:\Program Files (x86)\OpenVPN\driver\OemWin2k .inf. Drivers updated successfully. I've Run As Administrator both the setup of OpenVPN and addtap.bat. I've run deltapall.bat to remove any (maybe hidden) adapters. It said it removed three of them, after which I ran addtap.bat again to try to create another one. I also run OpenVPN itself as administrator. What's wrong? Running Windows 7 Home Premium on a HP Pavilion dv7 4050ed. It has worked before, but I recently had to reinstall my laptop, for which I used the restore disks I created when I just got it. Everything else seems to work fine. == UPDATE == The TAP adapter is found in Device Manager, but apparently it is disabled because it is incompatible with Windows 7 64bit. I've deïnstalled OpenVPNGui, downloaded a version that should be 64bit compatible, and installed that. Still no cigar. Then I found a tip to install OpenVPN (version 9) after installing OpenVPNGui, because that installs OpenVPN version 8. Now I got a v9 TAP driver in Device Manager, but it still doesn't work and shows up in device manager with an exclamation mark, and not at all in my network devices.

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• MS licensing of multiple RDP sessions for non-MS products in Windows XP Pro

  - by vgv8

  Question 1) and 2) were moved into separate thread Which Windows remote connections bypass LSA? and what r definitions of login vs. logon session? 3) Do I understand correctly that multiple remote RDP sessions are supported by Windows XP but require additional (or modified) licensing? Which one? Or it is always illegal to run multiple RDP sessions on Windows XP? even through non-MS commercial software? ---------- Update1: I already understood my error - the main questions were about definitions (important to find the common language with others) and the licensing questions were collateral - but it was already answered. I shall try to separate these questions leaving here the questions about RDp licensing and migrating other questions into separate thread ---------- Update2: Trying to "work around" licensing terms is pointless and wasteful of time I never try "working around" and I never ask anything like this, I am not specialist in licensing. My clients/employers provide me with tools and licensing support. They have corporate lawyers, planning/accounting/purchase departments for these issues. The questions that I ask is the matter of scalability and efficiency (saving my and others time) in my developing work. For ex., Just because I need autentication against Windows AD it is time-saving to use ADAM instead of deploying full-fledged AD with DC + servers + whatever else? Nobody is forcing you to use Windows XP I shall not rush into re-installing all my operating systems on all my development machines (at home, at client premises) just because a few guys have a lot of fun downvoting development-related questions in serverfault.com. If I do so, I make a joker from me in the eyes of my clolleagues et al Update: I unmarked this question as answered since it had not even adressed the question, at least mine. Should I understand that Terminal Server PRO, allowing Windows® XP and Windows® Small Business Server 2003 to host multiple remote desktop sessions, is illegal? Related: My answer to question Has windows XP support multiple remote login session (RDP) at a time?

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• Router recommendation to virtualize 800 IPs

  - by delerious010

  I've recently been looking at getting some new load balancers for our environment as we are expecting to double our client base in the next 12 months. Currently we have 400 public IPS serving 800 clusters ( 2 clusters / IP due to ports ) on Coyote Point Balancers, and distributing connections to 3 web servers serving about 6GBytes outgoing, 2Gbytes in per day. If we double, this would be about 800 IPs, possibly 1600 clusters, and about 6 servers per cluster ( for a total of 9600 so called "real servers" using Barracuda's lingo ). Due to the amount of clusters, most solutions I've looked at ( Coyote, Barracuda, Loadbalancer.org ) seem to be unsure whether they'll be able to handle our planned growth, mostly due to health checks performed on the servers ... which makes total sense when you think of it. So the fine folk at loadbalancer.org recommended that we may be better off offload the 400-800 public IPs, which we require for SSL eCommerce solutions, over to a forward facing router. From that point on, the router could do some mangling to route EXT_IP:443 to INT_IP:INT_PORT which would then allow us to reduce the Load Balancer configuration to 1 or 2 clusters, thus resolving the health check problem. Does this idea make sense to yall ? Or would you have other recommendations to make ? Secondly, what router would you recommend for such an undertaking ? I'd be looking at something that has some form of failover mechanism built in. On a totally unrelated note, I've got to admit that I'm extremely pleased with the responses I got from loadbalancer.org. Their responses to my inquiries were surprisingly helpful ( i.e. I didn't feel as if I was taking to a sales guy trying to push something ). ( No I don't work for them, and sadly nor are they sending me free gear ).

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• What command should be used to connect via SSH through squid proxy?

  - by Raul Cardoso

  I have set up a Squid HTTP Proxy (in centOS) and intended to use it also for ssh connections. Managed to configure putty (in a windows client) to use this proxy while connecting by ssh. Confirmed in the "target host" that the ssh connection was coming from Proxy server ip instead of the windows client IP. Used: targethost: 22 for ssh proxyserv: 3128 for proxy (along with proxy credentials) I'm now having problems connecting to the "target host" using Ubuntu and the same proxy server. I have tried the following: me@mycomp:~$ connect-proxy -H test@proxyserv:3128 targethost 22 Enter proxy authentication password for test@proxyserv: SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_6.2p2 Ubuntu-6 It hangs in last line, expecting some input. All attempts resulted in a "Protocol mismatch." error. Putty successfully connects to the http proxy and sends credentials, showing me ssh login right away. - How to do (with commands in Ubuntu) the same putty does? - Is there any other way than connect-proxy command to do this? Edit: Also tried the following with same result ("Protocol mismatch") me@mycomp:~$ connect-proxy -H test@proxyserv:3128 targethost 22 ssh -l myshel_login Thanks in advance Edit: Solution details (thanks to NickW pointing the right way) installed corkscrew and added to ssh_config Host targethost ProxyCommand corkscrew proxyserv 3128 %h %p /etc/ssh/proxypass created proxypass file login:password Restarted ssh and used a simple ssh command ssh mylogin@targethost (ssh password was asked as usual)

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• ifcf-ethx problem

  - by Shahmir Javaid

  Every time i run service networkd restart This is what i get Shutting down interface eth0: Device state: 3 (disconnected) [ OK ] Shutting down interface eth1: [ OK ] Shutting down loopback interface: Error org.freedesktop.NetworkManagerSettings.InvalidConnection: ifcfg file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo' unknown Error org.freedesktop.NetworkManagerSettings.InvalidConnection: ifcfg file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo' unknown Error org.freedesktop.NetworkManagerSettings.InvalidConnection: ifcfg file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo' unknown Error org.freedesktop.NetworkManagerSettings.InvalidConnection: ifcfg file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo' unknown [ OK ] Bringing up loopback interface: Error org.freedesktop.NetworkManagerSettings.InvalidConnection: ifcfg file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo' unknown Error org.freedesktop.NetworkManagerSettings.InvalidConnection: ifcfg file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo' unknown Error org.freedesktop.NetworkManagerSettings.InvalidConnection: ifcfg file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo' unknown Error org.freedesktop.NetworkManagerSettings.InvalidConnection: ifcfg file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo' unknown [ OK ] Bringing up interface eth0: ** (process:12951): WARNING **: fetch_connections_done: error fetching user connections: (2) The name org.freedesktop.NetworkManagerUserSettings was not provided by any .service files. Active connection state: activating Active connection path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/1 state: activated Connection activated [ OK ] Here is my ifcfg-eth0 # Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=dhcp DEFROUTE=yes DHCPCLASS= HWADDR=xxx IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes IPV6INIT=no ONBOOT=yes OPTIONS=layer2=1 PEERDNS=yes PEERROUTES=yes TYPE=Ethernet UUID=xxx And my ifcfg-eth1 # Intel Corporation 82541PI Gigabit Ethernet Controller DEVICE=eth1 HWADDR=xxx ONBOOT=no And my ifcfg-lo DEVICE=lo IPADDR=127.0.0.1 NETMASK=255.0.0.0 NETWORK=127.0.0.0 # If you're having problems with gated making 127.0.0.0/8 a martian, # you can change this to something else (255.255.255.255, for example) BROADCAST=127.255.255.255 ONBOOT=yes NAME=loopback Any ideas?

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• Windows 8 Internet Explorer proxy automation script

  - by Stefan Bollmann

  Similar to this post, I'd like to change my proxy settings using a script. However, it fails. When I am behind the proxy, IE does not connect to the internet. Here I try the first solution from craig: function FindProxyForURL(url, host) { if (isInNet(myIpAddress(), "myactualip", "myactualsubnetip")) return "PROXY proxyasshowninpicture:portihavetouseforthisproxy_see_picture"; else return "DIRECT"; } Also this test, where isInNet should surely return true does not help: function FindProxyForURL(url, host) { if (isInNet("myactualip", "myactualip", "myactualsubnetip")) return "PROXY proxyasshowninpicture:portihavetouseforthisproxy_see_picture"; else return "DIRECT"; } **This script is saved as proxy.pac in c:\windows and my configuration is* in LAN settings: No automatically detected settings, yes, use automatic config script: file://c:/windows/proxy.pac No proxy server. *(i am not allowed to post screenshots..) So, what am I doing wrong? ---------------- update -------------- However, when I set up a proxy in my LAN configurations: IE -> Internet Options -> Connections -> LAN Settings check: Use a proxy Server for your LAN Address: <a pingable proxy> Port: <portnr> everything is fine for this environment. Now I try a simpler script like function FindProxyForURL(url, host) { return "PROXY <pingable proxy>:<portnr>; DIRECT"; } With a configuration described above** I am not able to get through the proxy.

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• DNS server and fallback outside home

  - by Jens

  I have my own DNS server at home to access local names, and that is working fine. Then I have my laptop, now obviously my laptop leaves the home now and then, therefore it accesses different nets outside my home, and my DNS server is not accessible there... So I figured that I would just add Google as secondary DNS... But actually, when I do that, then suddenly I can't access my local stuff, the page won't resolve (at home that is, obviously), like my laptop is getting a quicker response from Google's DNS or something, because it can't find anything on the addresses I use locally. If I then remove the secondary DNS, and keeps my own, then it works fine again... So do I somehow need to seperate what DNS's to use on what nets? I already use sepperate DNS settings when I connect using my 3G modem, but when I use hotspots it seems to use the same settings regardless (at least in the train), also can it differ wired connections?... Is there another solution? OS: Windows 7 Ultimate, x64 EDIT: Currently trying this "hack/fix" out for the time being: http://blog.johnruiz.com/2011/12/windows-does-not-always-honor-dns-order.html

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• ntop to analyse bandwidth usage on multiple ASA 5505

  - by dunxd

  I have set up a netflow server at our data centre, which is connected via VPN to ~40 remote offices using Cisco ASA 5505. The aim is to analyse usage data and find out exactly how the remote connections are being used. I followed through http://techowto.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/ntop-guide.pdf to set up ntop and https://supportforums.cisco.com/docs/DOC-6114 to set up the ASAs. I can see from the Plugin Netflow Statistics page that netflow packets from my ASAs are being received - the counter is increasing. However, I am not seeing any breakdown on the Global Traffic Statistic page after switching to the Netflow interface. I'm just seeing a pie chart showing 100% traffic for eth0. The interfaces and documentation are a little hard to follow so I am not sure I have got things configured correctly. When setting up my NetFlow-device.2 I can specify Virtual NetFlow Interface Network Address - the web UI says This value is in the form of a network address and mask on the network where the actual NetFlow probe is located. is this a Network address (e.g. 192.168.0.0/24) or an actual host IP address (192.167.0.1/24)? If that should be a network address, is this the network in which one of my ASAs is or the network in which my ntop server is? If a host IP address, is this the IP address used by eth0 on my ntop server, the IP address of an ASA, or something else? Do I need a separate virtual interface for each ASA I am collecting netflow data from? Any guidance would be greatly welcome.

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• VPN issue: SSTP Service service started and then stopped

  - by Ampersand

  When I was trying to set up a VPN connect on my laptop running Windows 7 Ultimate, I got this error: Network Connections Cannot load the Remote Access Connection Manager service. Error 711: The operation could not finish because it could not start the Remote Access Connection Manager service in time. Please try the operation again. I traced through some service dependencies and discovered that Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol Service was set to Manual. However, when I try to manually start the service, I get: Services The Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol Service on Local Computer started and then stopped. Some services stop automatically if they are not in use by other services or programs. Setting all the services involved to Automatic did not help. SSTP just showed Automatic and Stopped in the Services panel. I found a solution that involved booting in Safe Mode and deleting the contents of C:\Windows\System32\LogFiles\WMI\RtBackup. This solution worked, and I could set up a vpn connection, but only until I rebooted again. TL;DR I'm looking for a way to permanently enable Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol Service and other vpn-related services permanently so I don't have to reboot into safe mode and delete files every time I need to connect to a vpn.

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