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  • Why System.String's beahaves like a value type?

    - by Sorush Rabiee
    I want to write a 'Date' class that behaves like a Value Type. for example, Instead of writing a Clone method for setting properties safely, make the Date class to pass by value: public Date Birthday { get { return this.birthday; } set { this.birthday = value.Clone(); } //I want to write this.birthday = value; //without changing external value when this.Birthday changes } I know this is possible because System.String is a class and behaves like a value. for example: String s1 = "Hello"; String s2 = "Hi"; s1 = s2; s2="Hello"; Console.WriteLine(s1); //Prints 'Hi' First I thought writers of this class override '=' operator, but now I know that the '=' operator can not be overridden. so how they write String class?

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  • How remove node ID [nid:n] in NodeReference fields

    - by Snazzy
    Hi. This is the same question of this link: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1515722/removing-nidn-in-nodereference-autocomplete According with the first answer (Grayside) I've created my own module and activated. Then I create a new content, I look sth up in the nodereference field and finally select it - it works (Doesn't appear the [nid:n]). But, when I view/preview or save or edit the content, the [nid:n] appears again. Anybody can help me?

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  • Create trigger for auto incerment id and default unix datetime

    - by user1804985
    Any one help me to create a trigger for auto increment fld_id and Unix datetime. My table field is fld_id(int),fld_date(number),fld_value(varchar2). My insert query is insert into table (fld_value)values('xxx'); insert into table (fld_value)values('yyy'); I need the table record like this fld_id fld_date fld_value 1 1354357476 xxx 2 1354357478 yyy Please help me to create this.I can't able to do this..

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  • Trouble with ID in NSString

    - by useboot
    I am trying to create something interesting in my application. So, I created an UILabel and I want to output new value. So, my code. NSString *test = @"13"; self.UserAge.text = @"Your age is %@", test; But it doesn't work. In Console-Command Mode I can do it with NSLog(); My result is "Your age is %@". But I need to output "Your age is 13". What do I should do with name? Sorry, if my question is easy for you. I am beginner. :) Thank you everyone who will answer on my question.

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  • partial string matching - R

    - by DonDyck
    I need to write a query in R to match partial string in column names. I am looking for something similar to LIKE operator in SQL. For e.g, if I know beginning, middle or end part of the string I would write the query in format: LIKE 'beginning%middle%' in SQL and it would return matching strings. In pmatch or grep it seems I can only specify 'beginning' , 'end' and not the order. Is there any similar function in R that I am looking for? For example, say I am looking in the vector: y<- c("I am looking for a dog", "looking for a new dog", "a dog", "I am just looking") Lets say I want to write a query which picks "looking for a new dog" and I know start of the string is "looking" and end of string is "dog". If I do a grep("dog",y) it will return 1,2,3. Is there any way I can specify beginning and end in grep?

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  • how to search a string in structure variable ( C# )

    - by deep
    public struct Items { public string Id; public string Name; } public Items[] _items = null; if (_items.Contains("Table")) { // i need to check the structure and need to return correponding id } and am having a list of variables in my structure variable... i need to search a Name in the structure(_items) and i want to return the Corresponding Id. how to do this,

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  • Connecting Id field with name field

    - by sts
    Hi, Am having a table with quetion_id , nominees and vote_count. In which the values for question_id and nominees are prepopulated from other tables with vote_count as zero. If the users select some nominees the vote count should be incresed by one. The problem is How to connect the question_id and nominees like for this question_id this nominee is selected . can some one give example for this situation..

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  • Microsoft SQL Server xml data

    - by cf_PhillipSenn
    This site has a technique to pass xml data around in Microsoft SQL Server: DECLARE @productIds xml SET @productIds ='<Products><id>3</id><id>6</id><id>15</id></Products>' SELECT ParamValues.ID.value('.','VARCHAR(20)') FROM @productIds.nodes('/Products/id') as ParamValues(ID) But what is the syntax if I add another field? The following does NOT work: DECLARE @productIds xml SET @productIds ='<Products><id>3</id><descr>Three</descr><id>6</id><descr>six</descr><id>15</id><descr>Fifteen</descr></Products>' SELECT ParamValues.ID.value('.','VARCHAR(20)') ,ParamValues.descr.value('.','VARCHAR(20)') FROM @productIds.nodes('/Products/id') as ParamValues(ID) Note: Maybe I've constructed my xml wrong.

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  • How to swap or move 2 string in Array? [on hold]

    - by Wisnu Khazefa
    I have a need to convert .csv file to .dat file. In my problem, there are value pairs, with a name attribute (called Fund) and corresponding numeric value. If the input file has a pair whose value is 0, then that pair (Fund and value) is dropped. The output file should have only those pairs (Fund and value) where the value is non-zero. Here is the prototype of my code. public static void Check_Fund(){ String header = "Text1,Text2,Text3,FUND_UALFND_1,FUND_UALPRC_1,FUND_UALFND_2," +"FUND_UALPRC_2,FUND_UALFND_3,FUND_UALPRC_3,FUND_UALFND_4,FUND_UALPRC_4,FUND_UALFND_5,FUND_UALPRC_5,Text4,Text5,Text6,Text7"; String text = "ABC;CDE;EFG;PRMF;0;PRFF;50;PREF;0;PRCF;0;PRMP;50;TAHU;;BAKWAN;SINGKONG"; String[] head; String[] value; String showText = ""; head = header.split(","); value = text.split(";"); String regex = "\\d+"; String[] fund = {"PREF","PRMF","PRFF","PRCF","PRMP","PDFF","PSEF","PSCB","PSMF","PRGC","PREP"}; for(int i = 0; i < value.length; i++){ for(int j=0;j < fund.length; j++){ if(value[i].equals(fund[j]) && value[i+1].matches(regex)){ if(value[i+1].equals("0")){ value[i] = ""; value[i+1] = ""; } } } showText = showText + head[i] +":" + value[i] + System.lineSeparator(); } System.out.println(showText ); } Expected Result Input: FUND_UALFND_1:PRMF FUND_UALPRC_1:0 FUND_UALFND_2:PRFF FUND_UALPRC_2:50 FUND_UALFND_3:PREF FUND_UALPRC_3:0 FUND_UALFND_4:PRCF FUND_UALPRC_4:0 FUND_UALFND_5:PRMP FUND_UALPRC_5:50 Output: FUND_UALFND_1:PRFF FUND_UALPRC_1:50 FUND_UALFND_2:PRMP FUND_UALPRC_2:50 FUND_UALFND_0: FUND_UALPRC_0: FUND_UALFND_0: FUND_UALPRC_0: FUND_UALFND_0: FUND_UALPRC_0:

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  • sorting dynamic table created by form inputs [migrated]

    - by mille
    i am having problems with sorting can someone help to sort this table not just by its form entry id but onclick with some other columns i tried a lot of plugins but cant get anything to work and i dont know what to do i am new at this i sorry for my english thanks. here is the js: var Animals ={ index: window.localStorage.getItem("Animals:index"), $table: document.getElementById("animals-table"), $form: document.getElementById("animals-form"), $button_save: document.getElementById("animals-save"), $button_discard: document.getElementById("animals-discard"), init: function() { if (!Animals.index) { window.localStorage.setItem("Animals:index", Animals.index = 1); } Animals.$form.reset(); Animals.$button_discard.addEventListener("click", function(event) { Animals.$form.reset(); Animals.$form.id_entry.value = 0; }, true); Animals.$form.addEventListener("submit", function(event) { var entry = { id: parseInt(this.id_entry.value), animal_id:this.animal_id.value, animal_name: this.animal_name.value, animal_type: this.animal_type.value, bday: this.bday.value, animal_sex: this.animal_sex.value, mother_name: this.mother_name.value, farm_name: this.farm_name.value, money: this.money.value, weight: this.weight.value, purchase_partner: this.purchase_partner.value }; if (entry.id === 0) { Animals.storeAdd(entry); Animals.tableAdd(entry); } else { // edit Animals.storeEdit(entry); Animals.tableEdit(entry); } this.reset(); this.id_entry.value = 0; event.preventDefault(); }, true); if (window.localStorage.length - 1) { var animals_list = [], i, key; for (i = 0; i < window.localStorage.length; i++) { key = window.localStorage.key(i); if (/Animals:\d+/.test(key)) { animals_list.push(JSON.parse(window.localStorage.getItem(key))); } } if (animals_list.length) { animals_list.sort(function(a, b) {return a.id < b.id ? -1 : (a.id > b.id ? 1 : 0);}) .forEach(Animals.tableAdd);} Animals.$table.addEventListener("click", function(event) { var op = event.target.getAttribute("data-op"); if (/edit|remove/.test(op)) { var entry = JSON.parse(window.localStorage.getItem("Animals:"+ event.target.getAttribute("data- id"))); if (op == "edit") { Animals.$form.id_entry.value = entry.id; Animals.$form.animal_id.value = entry.animal_id; Animals.$form.animal_name.value = entry.animal_name; Animals.$form.animal_type.value = entry.animal_type; Animals.$form.bday.value = entry.bday; Animals.$form.animal_sex.value = entry.animal_sex; Animals.$form.mother_name.value = entry.mother_name; Animals.$form.farm_name.value = entry.farm_name; Animals.$form.money.value = entry.money; Animals.$form.weight.value = entry.weight; Animals.$form.purchase_partner.value = entry.purchase_partner; } else if (op == "remove") { if (confirm('Are you sure you want to remove this animal from your list?' )) { Animals.storeRemove(entry); Animals.tableRemove(entry); } } event.preventDefault(); } }, true); }, storeAdd: function(entry) { entry.id = Animals.index; window.localStorage.setItem("Animals:index", ++Animals.index); window.localStorage.setItem("Animals:"+ entry.id, JSON.stringify(entry)); }, storeEdit: function(entry) { window.localStorage.setItem("Animals:"+ entry.id, JSON.stringify(entry)); }, storeRemove: function(entry) { window.localStorage.removeItem("Animals:"+ entry.id); }, tableAdd: function(entry) { var $tr = document.createElement("tr"), $td, key; for (key in entry) { if (entry.hasOwnProperty(key)) { $td = document.createElement("td"); $td.appendChild(document.createTextNode(entry[key])); $tr.appendChild($td); } } $td = document.createElement("td"); $td.innerHTML = '<a data-op="edit" data-id="'+ entry.id +'">Edit</a> | <a data-op="remove" data-id="'+ entry.id +'">Remove</a>'; $tr.appendChild($td); $tr.setAttribute("id", "entry-"+ entry.id); Animals.$table.appendChild($tr); }, tableEdit: function(entry) { var $tr = document.getElementById("entry-"+ entry.id), $td, key; $tr.innerHTML = ""; for (key in entry) { if (entry.hasOwnProperty(key)) { $td = document.createElement("td"); $td.appendChild(document.createTextNode(entry[key])); $tr.appendChild($td); } } $td = document.createElement("td"); $td.innerHTML = '<a data-op="edit" data-id="'+ entry.id +'">Edit</a> | <a data-op="remove" data-id="'+ entry.id +'">Remove</a>'; $tr.appendChild($td); }, tableRemove: function(entry) { Animals.$table.removeChild(document.getElementById("entry-"+ entry.id)); } }; Animals.init();

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  • What are good design practices when working with Entity Framework

    - by AD
    This will apply mostly for an asp.net application where the data is not accessed via soa. Meaning that you get access to the objects loaded from the framework, not Transfer Objects, although some recommendation still apply. This is a community post, so please add to it as you see fit. Applies to: Entity Framework 1.0 shipped with Visual Studio 2008 sp1. Why pick EF in the first place? Considering it is a young technology with plenty of problems (see below), it may be a hard sell to get on the EF bandwagon for your project. However, it is the technology Microsoft is pushing (at the expense of Linq2Sql, which is a subset of EF). In addition, you may not be satisfied with NHibernate or other solutions out there. Whatever the reasons, there are people out there (including me) working with EF and life is not bad.make you think. EF and inheritance The first big subject is inheritance. EF does support mapping for inherited classes that are persisted in 2 ways: table per class and table the hierarchy. The modeling is easy and there are no programming issues with that part. (The following applies to table per class model as I don't have experience with table per hierarchy, which is, anyway, limited.) The real problem comes when you are trying to run queries that include one or many objects that are part of an inheritance tree: the generated sql is incredibly awful, takes a long time to get parsed by the EF and takes a long time to execute as well. This is a real show stopper. Enough that EF should probably not be used with inheritance or as little as possible. Here is an example of how bad it was. My EF model had ~30 classes, ~10 of which were part of an inheritance tree. On running a query to get one item from the Base class, something as simple as Base.Get(id), the generated SQL was over 50,000 characters. Then when you are trying to return some Associations, it degenerates even more, going as far as throwing SQL exceptions about not being able to query more than 256 tables at once. Ok, this is bad, EF concept is to allow you to create your object structure without (or with as little as possible) consideration on the actual database implementation of your table. It completely fails at this. So, recommendations? Avoid inheritance if you can, the performance will be so much better. Use it sparingly where you have to. In my opinion, this makes EF a glorified sql-generation tool for querying, but there are still advantages to using it. And ways to implement mechanism that are similar to inheritance. Bypassing inheritance with Interfaces First thing to know with trying to get some kind of inheritance going with EF is that you cannot assign a non-EF-modeled class a base class. Don't even try it, it will get overwritten by the modeler. So what to do? You can use interfaces to enforce that classes implement some functionality. For example here is a IEntity interface that allow you to define Associations between EF entities where you don't know at design time what the type of the entity would be. public enum EntityTypes{ Unknown = -1, Dog = 0, Cat } public interface IEntity { int EntityID { get; } string Name { get; } Type EntityType { get; } } public partial class Dog : IEntity { // implement EntityID and Name which could actually be fields // from your EF model Type EntityType{ get{ return EntityTypes.Dog; } } } Using this IEntity, you can then work with undefined associations in other classes // lets take a class that you defined in your model. // that class has a mapping to the columns: PetID, PetType public partial class Person { public IEntity GetPet() { return IEntityController.Get(PetID,PetType); } } which makes use of some extension functions: public class IEntityController { static public IEntity Get(int id, EntityTypes type) { switch (type) { case EntityTypes.Dog: return Dog.Get(id); case EntityTypes.Cat: return Cat.Get(id); default: throw new Exception("Invalid EntityType"); } } } Not as neat as having plain inheritance, particularly considering you have to store the PetType in an extra database field, but considering the performance gains, I would not look back. It also cannot model one-to-many, many-to-many relationship, but with creative uses of 'Union' it could be made to work. Finally, it creates the side effet of loading data in a property/function of the object, which you need to be careful about. Using a clear naming convention like GetXYZ() helps in that regards. Compiled Queries Entity Framework performance is not as good as direct database access with ADO (obviously) or Linq2SQL. There are ways to improve it however, one of which is compiling your queries. The performance of a compiled query is similar to Linq2Sql. What is a compiled query? It is simply a query for which you tell the framework to keep the parsed tree in memory so it doesn't need to be regenerated the next time you run it. So the next run, you will save the time it takes to parse the tree. Do not discount that as it is a very costly operation that gets even worse with more complex queries. There are 2 ways to compile a query: creating an ObjectQuery with EntitySQL and using CompiledQuery.Compile() function. (Note that by using an EntityDataSource in your page, you will in fact be using ObjectQuery with EntitySQL, so that gets compiled and cached). An aside here in case you don't know what EntitySQL is. It is a string-based way of writing queries against the EF. Here is an example: "select value dog from Entities.DogSet as dog where dog.ID = @ID". The syntax is pretty similar to SQL syntax. You can also do pretty complex object manipulation, which is well explained [here][1]. Ok, so here is how to do it using ObjectQuery< string query = "select value dog " + "from Entities.DogSet as dog " + "where dog.ID = @ID"; ObjectQuery<Dog> oQuery = new ObjectQuery<Dog>(query, EntityContext.Instance)); oQuery.Parameters.Add(new ObjectParameter("ID", id)); oQuery.EnablePlanCaching = true; return oQuery.FirstOrDefault(); The first time you run this query, the framework will generate the expression tree and keep it in memory. So the next time it gets executed, you will save on that costly step. In that example EnablePlanCaching = true, which is unnecessary since that is the default option. The other way to compile a query for later use is the CompiledQuery.Compile method. This uses a delegate: static readonly Func<Entities, int, Dog> query_GetDog = CompiledQuery.Compile<Entities, int, Dog>((ctx, id) => ctx.DogSet.FirstOrDefault(it => it.ID == id)); or using linq static readonly Func<Entities, int, Dog> query_GetDog = CompiledQuery.Compile<Entities, int, Dog>((ctx, id) => (from dog in ctx.DogSet where dog.ID == id select dog).FirstOrDefault()); to call the query: query_GetDog.Invoke( YourContext, id ); The advantage of CompiledQuery is that the syntax of your query is checked at compile time, where as EntitySQL is not. However, there are other consideration... Includes Lets say you want to have the data for the dog owner to be returned by the query to avoid making 2 calls to the database. Easy to do, right? EntitySQL string query = "select value dog " + "from Entities.DogSet as dog " + "where dog.ID = @ID"; ObjectQuery<Dog> oQuery = new ObjectQuery<Dog>(query, EntityContext.Instance)).Include("Owner"); oQuery.Parameters.Add(new ObjectParameter("ID", id)); oQuery.EnablePlanCaching = true; return oQuery.FirstOrDefault(); CompiledQuery static readonly Func<Entities, int, Dog> query_GetDog = CompiledQuery.Compile<Entities, int, Dog>((ctx, id) => (from dog in ctx.DogSet.Include("Owner") where dog.ID == id select dog).FirstOrDefault()); Now, what if you want to have the Include parametrized? What I mean is that you want to have a single Get() function that is called from different pages that care about different relationships for the dog. One cares about the Owner, another about his FavoriteFood, another about his FavotireToy and so on. Basicly, you want to tell the query which associations to load. It is easy to do with EntitySQL public Dog Get(int id, string include) { string query = "select value dog " + "from Entities.DogSet as dog " + "where dog.ID = @ID"; ObjectQuery<Dog> oQuery = new ObjectQuery<Dog>(query, EntityContext.Instance)) .IncludeMany(include); oQuery.Parameters.Add(new ObjectParameter("ID", id)); oQuery.EnablePlanCaching = true; return oQuery.FirstOrDefault(); } The include simply uses the passed string. Easy enough. Note that it is possible to improve on the Include(string) function (that accepts only a single path) with an IncludeMany(string) that will let you pass a string of comma-separated associations to load. Look further in the extension section for this function. If we try to do it with CompiledQuery however, we run into numerous problems: The obvious static readonly Func<Entities, int, string, Dog> query_GetDog = CompiledQuery.Compile<Entities, int, string, Dog>((ctx, id, include) => (from dog in ctx.DogSet.Include(include) where dog.ID == id select dog).FirstOrDefault()); will choke when called with: query_GetDog.Invoke( YourContext, id, "Owner,FavoriteFood" ); Because, as mentionned above, Include() only wants to see a single path in the string and here we are giving it 2: "Owner" and "FavoriteFood" (which is not to be confused with "Owner.FavoriteFood"!). Then, let's use IncludeMany(), which is an extension function static readonly Func<Entities, int, string, Dog> query_GetDog = CompiledQuery.Compile<Entities, int, string, Dog>((ctx, id, include) => (from dog in ctx.DogSet.IncludeMany(include) where dog.ID == id select dog).FirstOrDefault()); Wrong again, this time it is because the EF cannot parse IncludeMany because it is not part of the functions that is recognizes: it is an extension. Ok, so you want to pass an arbitrary number of paths to your function and Includes() only takes a single one. What to do? You could decide that you will never ever need more than, say 20 Includes, and pass each separated strings in a struct to CompiledQuery. But now the query looks like this: from dog in ctx.DogSet.Include(include1).Include(include2).Include(include3) .Include(include4).Include(include5).Include(include6) .[...].Include(include19).Include(include20) where dog.ID == id select dog which is awful as well. Ok, then, but wait a minute. Can't we return an ObjectQuery< with CompiledQuery? Then set the includes on that? Well, that what I would have thought so as well: static readonly Func<Entities, int, ObjectQuery<Dog>> query_GetDog = CompiledQuery.Compile<Entities, int, string, ObjectQuery<Dog>>((ctx, id) => (ObjectQuery<Dog>)(from dog in ctx.DogSet where dog.ID == id select dog)); public Dog GetDog( int id, string include ) { ObjectQuery<Dog> oQuery = query_GetDog(id); oQuery = oQuery.IncludeMany(include); return oQuery.FirstOrDefault; } That should have worked, except that when you call IncludeMany (or Include, Where, OrderBy...) you invalidate the cached compiled query because it is an entirely new one now! So, the expression tree needs to be reparsed and you get that performance hit again. So what is the solution? You simply cannot use CompiledQueries with parametrized Includes. Use EntitySQL instead. This doesn't mean that there aren't uses for CompiledQueries. It is great for localized queries that will always be called in the same context. Ideally CompiledQuery should always be used because the syntax is checked at compile time, but due to limitation, that's not possible. An example of use would be: you may want to have a page that queries which two dogs have the same favorite food, which is a bit narrow for a BusinessLayer function, so you put it in your page and know exactly what type of includes are required. Passing more than 3 parameters to a CompiledQuery Func is limited to 5 parameters, of which the last one is the return type and the first one is your Entities object from the model. So that leaves you with 3 parameters. A pitance, but it can be improved on very easily. public struct MyParams { public string param1; public int param2; public DateTime param3; } static readonly Func<Entities, MyParams, IEnumerable<Dog>> query_GetDog = CompiledQuery.Compile<Entities, MyParams, IEnumerable<Dog>>((ctx, myParams) => from dog in ctx.DogSet where dog.Age == myParams.param2 && dog.Name == myParams.param1 and dog.BirthDate > myParams.param3 select dog); public List<Dog> GetSomeDogs( int age, string Name, DateTime birthDate ) { MyParams myParams = new MyParams(); myParams.param1 = name; myParams.param2 = age; myParams.param3 = birthDate; return query_GetDog(YourContext,myParams).ToList(); } Return Types (this does not apply to EntitySQL queries as they aren't compiled at the same time during execution as the CompiledQuery method) Working with Linq, you usually don't force the execution of the query until the very last moment, in case some other functions downstream wants to change the query in some way: static readonly Func<Entities, int, string, IEnumerable<Dog>> query_GetDog = CompiledQuery.Compile<Entities, int, string, IEnumerable<Dog>>((ctx, age, name) => from dog in ctx.DogSet where dog.Age == age && dog.Name == name select dog); public IEnumerable<Dog> GetSomeDogs( int age, string name ) { return query_GetDog(YourContext,age,name); } public void DataBindStuff() { IEnumerable<Dog> dogs = GetSomeDogs(4,"Bud"); // but I want the dogs ordered by BirthDate gridView.DataSource = dogs.OrderBy( it => it.BirthDate ); } What is going to happen here? By still playing with the original ObjectQuery (that is the actual return type of the Linq statement, which implements IEnumerable), it will invalidate the compiled query and be force to re-parse. So, the rule of thumb is to return a List< of objects instead. static readonly Func<Entities, int, string, IEnumerable<Dog>> query_GetDog = CompiledQuery.Compile<Entities, int, string, IEnumerable<Dog>>((ctx, age, name) => from dog in ctx.DogSet where dog.Age == age && dog.Name == name select dog); public List<Dog> GetSomeDogs( int age, string name ) { return query_GetDog(YourContext,age,name).ToList(); //<== change here } public void DataBindStuff() { List<Dog> dogs = GetSomeDogs(4,"Bud"); // but I want the dogs ordered by BirthDate gridView.DataSource = dogs.OrderBy( it => it.BirthDate ); } When you call ToList(), the query gets executed as per the compiled query and then, later, the OrderBy is executed against the objects in memory. It may be a little bit slower, but I'm not even sure. One sure thing is that you have no worries about mis-handling the ObjectQuery and invalidating the compiled query plan. Once again, that is not a blanket statement. ToList() is a defensive programming trick, but if you have a valid reason not to use ToList(), go ahead. There are many cases in which you would want to refine the query before executing it. Performance What is the performance impact of compiling a query? It can actually be fairly large. A rule of thumb is that compiling and caching the query for reuse takes at least double the time of simply executing it without caching. For complex queries (read inherirante), I have seen upwards to 10 seconds. So, the first time a pre-compiled query gets called, you get a performance hit. After that first hit, performance is noticeably better than the same non-pre-compiled query. Practically the same as Linq2Sql When you load a page with pre-compiled queries the first time you will get a hit. It will load in maybe 5-15 seconds (obviously more than one pre-compiled queries will end up being called), while subsequent loads will take less than 300ms. Dramatic difference, and it is up to you to decide if it is ok for your first user to take a hit or you want a script to call your pages to force a compilation of the queries. Can this query be cached? { Dog dog = from dog in YourContext.DogSet where dog.ID == id select dog; } No, ad-hoc Linq queries are not cached and you will incur the cost of generating the tree every single time you call it. Parametrized Queries Most search capabilities involve heavily parametrized queries. There are even libraries available that will let you build a parametrized query out of lamba expressions. The problem is that you cannot use pre-compiled queries with those. One way around that is to map out all the possible criteria in the query and flag which one you want to use: public struct MyParams { public string name; public bool checkName; public int age; public bool checkAge; } static readonly Func<Entities, MyParams, IEnumerable<Dog>> query_GetDog = CompiledQuery.Compile<Entities, MyParams, IEnumerable<Dog>>((ctx, myParams) => from dog in ctx.DogSet where (myParams.checkAge == true && dog.Age == myParams.age) && (myParams.checkName == true && dog.Name == myParams.name ) select dog); protected List<Dog> GetSomeDogs() { MyParams myParams = new MyParams(); myParams.name = "Bud"; myParams.checkName = true; myParams.age = 0; myParams.checkAge = false; return query_GetDog(YourContext,myParams).ToList(); } The advantage here is that you get all the benifits of a pre-compiled quert. The disadvantages are that you most likely will end up with a where clause that is pretty difficult to maintain, that you will incur a bigger penalty for pre-compiling the query and that each query you run is not as efficient as it could be (particularly with joins thrown in). Another way is to build an EntitySQL query piece by piece, like we all did with SQL. protected List<Dod> GetSomeDogs( string name, int age) { string query = "select value dog from Entities.DogSet where 1 = 1 "; if( !String.IsNullOrEmpty(name) ) query = query + " and dog.Name == @Name "; if( age > 0 ) query = query + " and dog.Age == @Age "; ObjectQuery<Dog> oQuery = new ObjectQuery<Dog>( query, YourContext ); if( !String.IsNullOrEmpty(name) ) oQuery.Parameters.Add( new ObjectParameter( "Name", name ) ); if( age > 0 ) oQuery.Parameters.Add( new ObjectParameter( "Age", age ) ); return oQuery.ToList(); } Here the problems are: - there is no syntax checking during compilation - each different combination of parameters generate a different query which will need to be pre-compiled when it is first run. In this case, there are only 4 different possible queries (no params, age-only, name-only and both params), but you can see that there can be way more with a normal world search. - Noone likes to concatenate strings! Another option is to query a large subset of the data and then narrow it down in memory. This is particularly useful if you are working with a definite subset of the data, like all the dogs in a city. You know there are a lot but you also know there aren't that many... so your CityDog search page can load all the dogs for the city in memory, which is a single pre-compiled query and then refine the results protected List<Dod> GetSomeDogs( string name, int age, string city) { string query = "select value dog from Entities.DogSet where dog.Owner.Address.City == @City "; ObjectQuery<Dog> oQuery = new ObjectQuery<Dog>( query, YourContext ); oQuery.Parameters.Add( new ObjectParameter( "City", city ) ); List<Dog> dogs = oQuery.ToList(); if( !String.IsNullOrEmpty(name) ) dogs = dogs.Where( it => it.Name == name ); if( age > 0 ) dogs = dogs.Where( it => it.Age == age ); return dogs; } It is particularly useful when you start displaying all the data then allow for filtering. Problems: - Could lead to serious data transfer if you are not careful about your subset. - You can only filter on the data that you returned. It means that if you don't return the Dog.Owner association, you will not be able to filter on the Dog.Owner.Name So what is the best solution? There isn't any. You need to pick the solution that works best for you and your problem: - Use lambda-based query building when you don't care about pre-compiling your queries. - Use fully-defined pre-compiled Linq query when your object structure is not too complex. - Use EntitySQL/string concatenation when the structure could be complex and when the possible number of different resulting queries are small (which means fewer pre-compilation hits). - Use in-memory filtering when you are working with a smallish subset of the data or when you had to fetch all of the data on the data at first anyway (if the performance is fine with all the data, then filtering in memory will not cause any time to be spent in the db). Singleton access The best way to deal with your context and entities accross all your pages is to use the singleton pattern: public sealed class YourContext { private const string instanceKey = "On3GoModelKey"; YourContext(){} public static YourEntities Instance { get { HttpContext context = HttpContext.Current; if( context == null ) return Nested.instance; if (context.Items[instanceKey] == null) { On3GoEntities entity = new On3GoEntities(); context.Items[instanceKey] = entity; } return (YourEntities)context.Items[instanceKey]; } } class Nested { // Explicit static constructor to tell C# compiler // not to mark type as beforefieldinit static Nested() { } internal static readonly YourEntities instance = new YourEntities(); } } NoTracking, is it worth it? When executing a query, you can tell the framework to track the objects it will return or not. What does it mean? With tracking enabled (the default option), the framework will track what is going on with the object (has it been modified? Created? Deleted?) and will also link objects together, when further queries are made from the database, which is what is of interest here. For example, lets assume that Dog with ID == 2 has an owner which ID == 10. Dog dog = (from dog in YourContext.DogSet where dog.ID == 2 select dog).FirstOrDefault(); //dog.OwnerReference.IsLoaded == false; Person owner = (from o in YourContext.PersonSet where o.ID == 10 select dog).FirstOrDefault(); //dog.OwnerReference.IsLoaded == true; If we were to do the same with no tracking, the result would be different. ObjectQuery<Dog> oDogQuery = (ObjectQuery<Dog>) (from dog in YourContext.DogSet where dog.ID == 2 select dog); oDogQuery.MergeOption = MergeOption.NoTracking; Dog dog = oDogQuery.FirstOrDefault(); //dog.OwnerReference.IsLoaded == false; ObjectQuery<Person> oPersonQuery = (ObjectQuery<Person>) (from o in YourContext.PersonSet where o.ID == 10 select o); oPersonQuery.MergeOption = MergeOption.NoTracking; Owner owner = oPersonQuery.FirstOrDefault(); //dog.OwnerReference.IsLoaded == false; Tracking is very useful and in a perfect world without performance issue, it would always be on. But in this world, there is a price for it, in terms of performance. So, should you use NoTracking to speed things up? It depends on what you are planning to use the data for. Is there any chance that the data your query with NoTracking can be used to make update/insert/delete in the database? If so, don't use NoTracking because associations are not tracked and will causes exceptions to be thrown. In a page where there are absolutly no updates to the database, you can use NoTracking. Mixing tracking and NoTracking is possible, but it requires you to be extra careful with updates/inserts/deletes. The problem is that if you mix then you risk having the framework trying to Attach() a NoTracking object to the context where another copy of the same object exist with tracking on. Basicly, what I am saying is that Dog dog1 = (from dog in YourContext.DogSet where dog.ID == 2).FirstOrDefault(); ObjectQuery<Dog> oDogQuery = (ObjectQuery<Dog>) (from dog in YourContext.DogSet where dog.ID == 2 select dog); oDogQuery.MergeOption = MergeOption.NoTracking; Dog dog2 = oDogQuery.FirstOrDefault(); dog1 and dog2 are 2 different objects, one tracked and one not. Using the detached object in an update/insert will force an Attach() that will say "Wait a minute, I do already have an object here with the same database key. Fail". And when you Attach() one object, all of its hierarchy gets attached as well, causing problems everywhere. Be extra careful. How much faster is it with NoTracking It depends on the queries. Some are much more succeptible to tracking than other. I don't have a fast an easy rule for it, but it helps. So I should use NoTracking everywhere then? Not exactly. There are some advantages to tracking object. The first one is that the object is cached, so subsequent call for that object will not hit the database. That cache is only valid for the lifetime of the YourEntities object, which, if you use the singleton code above, is the same as the page lifetime. One page request == one YourEntity object. So for multiple calls for the same object, it will load only once per page request. (Other caching mechanism could extend that). What happens when you are using NoTracking and try to load the same object multiple times? The database will be queried each time, so there is an impact there. How often do/should you call for the same object during a single page request? As little as possible of course, but it does happens. Also remember the piece above about having the associations connected automatically for your? You don't have that with NoTracking, so if you load your data in multiple batches, you will not have a link to between them: ObjectQuery<Dog> oDogQuery = (ObjectQuery<Dog>)(from dog in YourContext.DogSet select dog); oDogQuery.MergeOption = MergeOption.NoTracking; List<Dog> dogs = oDogQuery.ToList(); ObjectQuery<Person> oPersonQuery = (ObjectQuery<Person>)(from o in YourContext.PersonSet select o); oPersonQuery.MergeOption = MergeOption.NoTracking; List<Person> owners = oPersonQuery.ToList(); In this case, no dog will have its .Owner property set. Some things to keep in mind when you are trying to optimize the performance. No lazy loading, what am I to do? This can be seen as a blessing in disguise. Of course it is annoying to load everything manually. However, it decreases the number of calls to the db and forces you to think about when you should load data. The more you can load in one database call the better. That was always true, but it is enforced now with this 'feature' of EF. Of course, you can call if( !ObjectReference.IsLoaded ) ObjectReference.Load(); if you want to, but a better practice is to force the framework to load the objects you know you will need in one shot. This is where the discussion about parametrized Includes begins to make sense. Lets say you have you Dog object public class Dog { public Dog Get(int id) { return YourContext.DogSet.FirstOrDefault(it => it.ID == id ); } } This is the type of function you work with all the time. It gets called from all over the place and once you have that Dog object, you will do very different things to it in different functions. First, it should be pre-compiled, because you will call that very often. Second, each different pages will want to have access to a different subset of the Dog data. Some will want the Owner, some the FavoriteToy, etc. Of course, you could call Load() for each reference you need anytime you need one. But that will generate a call to the database each time. Bad idea. So instead, each page will ask for the data it wants to see when it first request for the Dog object: static public Dog Get(int id) { return GetDog(entity,"");} static public Dog Get(int id, string includePath) { string query = "select value o " + " from YourEntities.DogSet as o " +

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  • Visual Studio .NET C# executable traces

    - by Chilln
    Hey, i've got a question, is it possible to identify the creator of a .NET assembly, just with traces from VisualStudio within the assembly ? Or can you even get a kind of unique ID of the creator out of it? I don't mean the application information like company or description, they can be edited too easily.

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  • How to generate unique serial number of machine in Delphi?

    - by noxwow
    Hi, I have question how to generate unique serial number of machine in Delphi? I tried to do this using the ID the motherboard or processor, but unfortunately it's unfortunately supported. Partition serial numbers, etc. fall off, because it is changing after the formatted. I'm looking for something that doesn't change after the formatted. Has anyone any idea?

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  • Chef: nested data bag data to template file returns "can't convert String into Integer"

    - by Dalho Park
    I'm creating simple test recipe with a template and data bag. What I'm trying to do is creating a config file from data bag that has simple nested information, but I receive error "can't convert String into Integer" Here are my setting file 1) recipe/default.rb data1 = data_bag_item( 'mytest', 'qa' )['test'] data2 = data_bag_item( 'mytest', 'qa' ) template "/opt/env/test.cfg" do source "test.erb" action :create_if_missing mode 0664 owner "root" group "root" variables({ :pepe1 = data1['part.name'], :pepe2 = data2['transport.tcp.ip2'] }) end 2)my data bag named "mytest" $knife data bag show mytest qa id: qa test: part.name: L12 transport.tcp.ip: 111.111.111.111 transport.tcp.port: 9199 transport.tcp.ip2: 222.222.222.222 3)template file test.erb part.name=<%= @pepe1 % transport.tcp.binding=<%= @pepe2 % Error reurns when I run chef-client on my server, [2013-06-24T19:50:38+00:00] DEBUG: filtered backtrace of compile error: /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:in []',/var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:inblock in from_file',/var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:12:in from_file' [2013-06-24T19:50:38+00:00] DEBUG: filtered backtrace of compile error: /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:in[]',/var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:in block in from_file',/var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:12:infrom_file' [2013-06-24T19:50:38+00:00] DEBUG: backtrace entry for compile error: '/var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:in `[]'' [2013-06-24T19:50:38+00:00] DEBUG: Line number of compile error: '19' Recipe Compile Error in /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb TypeError can't convert String into Integer Cookbook Trace: /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:in []' /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:19:inblock in from_file' /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb:12:in `from_file' Relevant File Content: /var/chef/cache/cookbooks/config_test/recipes/default.rb: 12: template "/opt/env/test.cfg" do 13: source "test.erb" 14: action :create_if_missing 15: mode 0664 16: owner "root" 17: group "root" 18: variables({ 19 :pepe1 = data1['part.name'], 20: :pepe2 = data2['transport.tcp.ip2'] 21: }) 22: end 23: I tried many things and if I comment out "pepe1 = data1['part.name'],", then :pepe2 = data2['transport.tcp.ip2'] works fine. only nested data "part.name" cannot be set to @pepe1. Does anyone knows why I receive the errors? thanks,

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  • netsnmp - how to register string?

    - by user1495181
    I use net-snmp. I try to add my own mibs (no need in handler, just a MIB that i can get and set by snmp call), so i followed the scalar example. In order to add my own mibs i defined them in the mib file and create an agent extension.(see below). It work, so i have now an integer MIB. Now i want to add string mib, so i define the MIB , but i dont find a register API for string, like i have for the int - netsnmp_register_int_instance. I look in the includes file , but dosnt found matching one. agent: #include <net-snmp/net-snmp-config.h> #include <net-snmp/net-snmp-includes.h> #include <net-snmp/agent/net-snmp-agent-includes.h> #include "monitor.h" static int int_init = 0; /* default value */ void init_monitor(void) { oid open_connections_count_oid[] = { 1, 3, 6, 1, 4, 1, 8075, 1, 0 }; netsnmp_register_int_instance("open_connections_count", open_connections_count_oid, OID_LENGTH(open_connections_count_oid), &int_init, NULL); }

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  • tail -f and then exit on matching string

    - by Patrick
    I am trying to configure a startup script which will startup tomcat, monitor the catalina.out for the string "Server startup", and then run another process. I have been trying various combinations of tail -f with grep and awk, but haven't got anything working yet. The main issue I am having seems to be with forcing the tail to die after grep or awk have matched the string. I have simplified to the following test case. test.sh is listed below: #!/bin/sh rm -f child.out ./child.sh > child.out & tail -f child.out | grep -q B child.sh is listed below: #!/bin/sh echo A sleep 20 echo B echo C sleep 40 echo D The behavior I am seeing is that grep exits after 20 seconds , however the tail will take a further 40 seconds to die. I understand why this is happening - tail will only notice that the pipe is gone when it writes to it which only happens when data gets appended to the file. This is compounded by the fact that tail is to be buffering the data and outputting the B and C characters as a single write (I confirmed this by strace). I have attempted to fix that with solutions I found elsewhere, such as using unbuffer command, but that didn't help. Anybody got any ideas for how to get this working how I expect it? Or ideas for waiting for successful Tomcat start (thinking about waiting for a TCP port to know it has started, but suspect that will become more complex that what I am trying to do now). I have managed to get it working with awk doing a "killall tail" on match, but I am not happy with that solution. Note I am trying to get this to work on RHEL4.

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  • tail -f and then exit on matching string

    - by Patrick
    I am trying to configure a startup script which will startup tomcat, monitor the catalina.out for the string "Server startup", and then run another process. I have been trying various combinations of tail -f with grep and awk, but haven't got anything working yet. The main issue I am having seems to be with forcing the tail to die after grep or awk have matched the string. I have simplified to the following test case. test.sh is listed below: #!/bin/sh rm -f child.out ./child.sh > child.out & tail -f child.out | grep -q B child.sh is listed below: #!/bin/sh echo A sleep 20 echo B echo C sleep 40 echo D The behavior I am seeing is that grep exits after 20 seconds , however the tail will take a further 40 seconds to die. I understand why this is happening - tail will only notice that the pipe is gone when it writes to it which only happens when data gets appended to the file. This is compounded by the fact that tail is to be buffering the data and outputting the B and C characters as a single write (I confirmed this by strace). I have attempted to fix that with solutions I found elsewhere, such as using unbuffer command, but that didn't help. Anybody got any ideas for how to get this working how I expect it? Or ideas for waiting for successful Tomcat start (thinking about waiting for a TCP port to know it has started, but suspect that will become more complex that what I am trying to do now). I have managed to get it working with awk doing a "killall tail" on match, but I am not happy with that solution. Note I am trying to get this to work on RHEL4.

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  • Is there a way to change the string format for an existing CSR "Country Code" field from UTF8 to Printable String?

    - by Mike B
    CentOS 5.x The short version: Is there a way to change the encoding format for an existing CSR "Country Code" field from UTF8 to Printable String? The long version: I've got a CSR generated from a product using standard java security providers (jsse/jce). Some of the information in the CSR uses UTF8 Strings (which I understand is the preferred encoding requirement as of December 31, 2003 - RF 3280). The certificate authority I'm submitting the CSR to explicitly requires the Country Code to be specified as a PrintableString. My CSR has it listed as a UTF8 string. I went back to the latest RFC - http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5280.txt. It seems to conflict specifically on countryName. Here's where it gets a little messy... The countryName is part of the relative DN. The relative DN is defined to be of type DirectoryString, which is defined as a choice of teletexString, printableString, universalString, utf8String, or bmpString. It also more specifically defines countryName as being either alpha (upper bound 2 bytes) or numeric (upper bound 3 bytes). Furthermore, in the appendix, it refers to the X520countryName, which is limited to be only a PrintableString of size 2. So, it is clear why it doesn't work. It appears that the certificate authority and Sun/Java do not agree on their interpretation of the requirements for the countryName. Is there anything I can do to modify the CSR to be compatible with the CA?

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  • Can I nest a command string within another command string?

    - by Zach L
    Whenever I run the following command in an elevated command prompt, I get the 0x80070005 Access Denied error code. I'm assuming it's a permissions error for the child shell. I'm running the command in an elevated prompt on Winddows 7 Pro SP1. FORFILES /P %WINDIR%\servicing\Packages /M Microsoft-Windows-InternetExplorer-* 9.*.mum /c "cmd /c echo Uninstalling package @fname && start /w pkgmgr /up:@fname /norestart" Can place the "Runas" command within the already nested command in order to run the child shell as an admin? I don't think I can because of conflicts with quotation mark locations. If there's another way to do this, such as via a batch file, I'm open to alternative methods, although I do prefer running it as a single string. Sidenote1: Ignore the space after the first asterisk in the command string. It was added one for aesthetics & accuracy. Sub-question: Could I use this "fix" to circumnavigate the problem entirely? Prompt as Administrator? Reference for Runas #1 Reference for Runas #2

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  • Why won't jqGrid won't populate initially in Chrome

    - by Maxm007
    Hi, I've got a web page with a jqGrid that uses am xmlreader to populate itself with data that is spat out by a RoR service. The page loads fine in firefox and safari. In Chrome however I get a blank grid. Only when I change the sort order by clicking on the columns does it populate. <html> <head> <title>LocalFx</title> <link href="/stylesheets/main.css?1271423251" media="screen" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link href="/stylesheets/redmond/jquery-ui-1.8.custom.css?1271404544" media="screen" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <link href="/stylesheets/ui.jqgrid.css?1265561560" media="screen" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="/javascripts/jquery-1.3.2.min.js?1259426008" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/javascripts/i18n/grid.locale-en.js?1266140090" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/javascripts/jquery.jqGrid.min.js?1271437772" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery().ready(function() { jQuery("#list").jqGrid({ xmlReader: { root:"contracts", row:"contract", repeatitems:false, id:"id" }, jsonReader: { repeatitems:false, root:"contracts" }, datatype: 'xml', url:'http://localhost:3000/contracts/index/all.xml', mtype: 'GET', colNames:['User','B/S', 'Currency', 'Amount', 'Rate'], colModel :[ {name:'user', index:'username', width:100 , xmlmap:'user>username'} , {name:'side', index:'side', width:100 , xmlmap:'side'} , {name:'currency', index:'ccy', width:100 , xmlmap:'currency>ccy'} , {name:'amount', index:'amount', width:100 , xmlmap:'amount'}, {name:'rate', index:'rate', width:100 , xmlmap:'exchange-rate>rate'} ], pager: jQuery('#pager'), caption: 'Contracts', sortname: 'side', sortorder: "asc", viewrecords:true, rowNum:10, rowList:[10,20,30] }); $("#list").trigger("reloadGrid") }); </script> </head> <body> <table id="list" align="center" class="scroll"></table> <div id="pager" class="scroll" style="text-align:center;"></div> </body> </html> This is the xml: <contracts type="array"> <contract> <amount type="float">1000.0</amount> <created-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</created-at> <currency-id type="integer">488525179</currency-id> <id type="integer">18277852</id> <side>BUY</side> <updated-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</updated-at> <user-id type="integer">830138774</user-id> <exchange-rate> <contract-id type="integer">18277852</contract-id> <created-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</created-at> <denccy-id type="integer">890731696</denccy-id> <id type="integer">419011264</id> <numccy-id type="integer">488525179</numccy-id> <rate type="float">1.3</rate> <updated-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</updated-at> </exchange-rate> <user> <created-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</created-at> <id type="integer">830138774</id> <updated-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</updated-at> <username>John Doe</username> </user> <currency> <ccy>EUR</ccy> <created-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</created-at> <id type="integer">488525179</id> <updated-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</updated-at> </currency> </contract> <contract> <amount type="float">500.0</amount> <created-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</created-at> <currency-id type="integer">890731696</currency-id> <id type="integer">716237132</id> <side>SELL</side> <updated-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</updated-at> <user-id type="integer">830138774</user-id> <exchange-rate> <contract-id type="integer">716237132</contract-id> <created-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</created-at> <denccy-id type="integer">890731696</denccy-id> <id type="integer">861902380</id> <numccy-id type="integer">488525179</numccy-id> <rate type="float">1.3</rate> <updated-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</updated-at> </exchange-rate> <user> <created-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</created-at> <id type="integer">830138774</id> <updated-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</updated-at> <username>John Doe</username> </user> <currency> <ccy>GBP</ccy> <created-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</created-at> <id type="integer">890731696</id> <updated-at type="datetime">2010-04-16T13:59:40Z</updated-at> </currency> </contract> </contracts>

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