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• SQL Server script commands to check if object exists and drop it

  - by deadlydog

  Over the past couple years I’ve been keeping track of common SQL Server script commands that I use so I don’t have to constantly Google them.  Most of them are how to check if a SQL object exists before dropping it.  I thought others might find these useful to have them all in one place, so here you go: 1: --=============================== 2: -- Create a new table and add keys and constraints 3: --=============================== 4: IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo') 5: BEGIN 6: CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TableName] 7: ( 8: [ColumnName1] INT NOT NULL, -- To have a field auto-increment add IDENTITY(1,1) 9: [ColumnName2] INT NULL, 10: [ColumnName3] VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL DEFAULT('') 11: ) 12: 13: -- Add the table's primary key 14: ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_TableName] PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED 15: ( 16: [ColumnName1], 17: [ColumnName2] 18: ) 19: 20: -- Add a foreign key constraint 21: ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Name] FOREIGN KEY 22: ( 23: [ColumnName1], 24: [ColumnName2] 25: ) 26: REFERENCES [dbo].[Table2Name] 27: ( 28: [OtherColumnName1], 29: [OtherColumnName2] 30: ) 31: 32: -- Add indexes on columns that are often used for retrieval 33: CREATE INDEX IN_ColumnNames ON [dbo].[TableName] 34: ( 35: [ColumnName2], 36: [ColumnName3] 37: ) 38: 39: -- Add a check constraint 40: ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [CH_Name] CHECK (([ColumnName] >= 0.0000)) 41: END 42: 43: --=============================== 44: -- Add a new column to an existing table 45: --=============================== 46: IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS where TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' 47: AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND COLUMN_NAME = 'ColumnName') 48: BEGIN 49: ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] ADD [ColumnName] INT NOT NULL DEFAULT(0) 50: 51: -- Add a description extended property to the column to specify what its purpose is. 52: EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', 53: @value = N'Add column comments here, describing what this column is for.' , 54: @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE', 55: @level1name = N'TableName', @level2type=N'COLUMN', 56: @level2name = N'ColumnName' 57: END 58: 59: --=============================== 60: -- Drop a table 61: --=============================== 62: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo') 63: BEGIN 64: DROP TABLE [dbo].[TableName] 65: END 66: 67: --=============================== 68: -- Drop a view 69: --=============================== 70: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.VIEWS WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'ViewName' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo') 71: BEGIN 72: DROP VIEW [dbo].[ViewName] 73: END 74: 75: --=============================== 76: -- Drop a column 77: --=============================== 78: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS where TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' 79: AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND COLUMN_NAME = 'ColumnName') 80: BEGIN 81: 82: -- If the column has an extended property, drop it first. 83: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.fn_listExtendedProperty(N'MS_Description', N'SCHEMA', N'dbo', N'Table', 84: N'TableName', N'COLUMN', N'ColumnName') 85: BEGIN 86: EXEC sys.sp_dropextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', 87: @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE', 88: @level1name = N'TableName', @level2type=N'COLUMN', 89: @level2name = N'ColumnName' 90: END 91: 92: ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] DROP COLUMN [ColumnName] 93: END 94: 95: --=============================== 96: -- Drop Primary key constraint 97: --=============================== 98: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='PRIMARY KEY' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' 99: AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME = 'PK_Name') 100: BEGIN 101: ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] DROP CONSTRAINT [PK_Name] 102: END 103: 104: --=============================== 105: -- Drop Foreign key constraint 106: --=============================== 107: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='FOREIGN KEY' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' 108: AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME = 'FK_Name') 109: BEGIN 110: ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_Name] 111: END 112: 113: --=============================== 114: -- Drop Unique key constraint 115: --=============================== 116: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='UNIQUE' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' 117: AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME = 'UNI_Name') 118: BEGIN 119: ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableNames] DROP CONSTRAINT [UNI_Name] 120: END 121: 122: --=============================== 123: -- Drop Check constraint 124: --=============================== 125: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='CHECK' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' 126: AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME = 'CH_Name') 127: BEGIN 128: ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] DROP CONSTRAINT [CH_Name] 129: END 130: 131: --=============================== 132: -- Drop a column's Default value constraint 133: --=============================== 134: DECLARE @ConstraintName VARCHAR(100) 135: SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT TOP 1 s.name FROM sys.sysobjects s JOIN sys.syscolumns c ON s.parent_obj=c.id 136: WHERE s.xtype='d' AND c.cdefault=s.id 137: AND parent_obj = OBJECT_ID('TableName') AND c.name ='ColumnName') 138: 139: IF @ConstraintName IS NOT NULL 140: BEGIN 141: EXEC ('ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] DROP CONSTRAINT ' + @ConstraintName) 142: END 143: 144: --=============================== 145: -- Example of how to drop dynamically named Unique constraint 146: --=============================== 147: DECLARE @ConstraintName VARCHAR(100) 148: SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS 149: WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='UNIQUE' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' 150: AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME LIKE 'FirstPartOfConstraintName%') 151: 152: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='UNIQUE' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' 153: AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME = @ConstraintName) 154: BEGIN 155: EXEC ('ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] DROP CONSTRAINT ' + @ConstraintName) 156: END 157: 158: --=============================== 159: -- Check for and drop a temp table 160: --=============================== 161: IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#TableName') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE #TableName 162: 163: --=============================== 164: -- Drop a stored procedure 165: --=============================== 166: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES WHERE ROUTINE_TYPE='PROCEDURE' AND ROUTINE_SCHEMA='dbo' AND 167: ROUTINE_NAME = 'StoredProcedureName') 168: BEGIN 169: DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[StoredProcedureName] 170: END 171: 172: --=============================== 173: -- Drop a UDF 174: --=============================== 175: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES WHERE ROUTINE_TYPE='FUNCTION' AND ROUTINE_SCHEMA='dbo' AND 176: ROUTINE_NAME = 'UDFName') 177: BEGIN 178: DROP FUNCTION [dbo].[UDFName] 179: END 180: 181: --=============================== 182: -- Drop an Index 183: --=============================== 184: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM SYS.INDEXES WHERE name = 'IndexName') 185: BEGIN 186: DROP INDEX TableName.IndexName 187: END 188: 189: --=============================== 190: -- Drop a Schema 191: --=============================== 192: IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA WHERE SCHEMA_NAME = 'SchemaName') 193: BEGIN 194: EXEC('DROP SCHEMA SchemaName') 195: END And here’s the same code, just not in the little code view window so that you don’t have to scroll it.--=============================== -- Create a new table and add keys and constraints --=============================== IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo') BEGIN CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TableName]  ( [ColumnName1] INT NOT NULL, -- To have a field auto-increment add IDENTITY(1,1) [ColumnName2] INT NULL, [ColumnName3] VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL DEFAULT('') ) -- Add the table's primary key ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] ADD CONSTRAINT [PK_TableName] PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED ( [ColumnName1],  [ColumnName2] ) -- Add a foreign key constraint ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Name] FOREIGN KEY ( [ColumnName1],  [ColumnName2] ) REFERENCES [dbo].[Table2Name]  ( [OtherColumnName1],  [OtherColumnName2] ) -- Add indexes on columns that are often used for retrieval CREATE INDEX IN_ColumnNames ON [dbo].[TableName] ( [ColumnName2], [ColumnName3] ) -- Add a check constraint ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [CH_Name] CHECK (([ColumnName] >= 0.0000)) END --=============================== -- Add a new column to an existing table --=============================== IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS where TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND COLUMN_NAME = 'ColumnName') BEGIN ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] ADD [ColumnName] INT NOT NULL DEFAULT(0) -- Add a description extended property to the column to specify what its purpose is. EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description',  @value = N'Add column comments here, describing what this column is for.' ,  @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE', @level1name = N'TableName', @level2type=N'COLUMN', @level2name = N'ColumnName' END --=============================== -- Drop a table --=============================== IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo') BEGIN DROP TABLE [dbo].[TableName] END --=============================== -- Drop a view --=============================== IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.VIEWS WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'ViewName' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo') BEGIN DROP VIEW [dbo].[ViewName] END --=============================== -- Drop a column --=============================== IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS where TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND COLUMN_NAME = 'ColumnName') BEGIN -- If the column has an extended property, drop it first. IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.fn_listExtendedProperty(N'MS_Description', N'SCHEMA', N'dbo', N'Table', N'TableName', N'COLUMN', N'ColumnName') BEGIN EXEC sys.sp_dropextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description',  @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE', @level1name = N'TableName', @level2type=N'COLUMN', @level2name = N'ColumnName' END ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] DROP COLUMN [ColumnName] END --=============================== -- Drop Primary key constraint --=============================== IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='PRIMARY KEY' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME = 'PK_Name') BEGIN ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] DROP CONSTRAINT [PK_Name] END --=============================== -- Drop Foreign key constraint --=============================== IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='FOREIGN KEY' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME = 'FK_Name') BEGIN ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_Name] END --=============================== -- Drop Unique key constraint --=============================== IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='UNIQUE' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME = 'UNI_Name') BEGIN ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableNames] DROP CONSTRAINT [UNI_Name] END --=============================== -- Drop Check constraint --=============================== IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='CHECK' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME = 'CH_Name') BEGIN ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] DROP CONSTRAINT [CH_Name] END --=============================== -- Drop a column's Default value constraint --=============================== DECLARE @ConstraintName VARCHAR(100) SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT TOP 1 s.name FROM sys.sysobjects s JOIN sys.syscolumns c ON s.parent_obj=c.id WHERE s.xtype='d' AND c.cdefault=s.id  AND parent_obj = OBJECT_ID('TableName') AND c.name ='ColumnName') IF @ConstraintName IS NOT NULL BEGIN EXEC ('ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] DROP CONSTRAINT ' + @ConstraintName) END --=============================== -- Example of how to drop dynamically named Unique constraint --=============================== DECLARE @ConstraintName VARCHAR(100) SET @ConstraintName = (SELECT TOP 1 CONSTRAINT_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS  WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='UNIQUE' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME LIKE 'FirstPartOfConstraintName%') IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='UNIQUE' AND TABLE_SCHEMA='dbo' AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME = @ConstraintName) BEGIN EXEC ('ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] DROP CONSTRAINT ' + @ConstraintName) END --=============================== -- Check for and drop a temp table --=============================== IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#TableName') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE #TableName --=============================== -- Drop a stored procedure --=============================== IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES WHERE ROUTINE_TYPE='PROCEDURE' AND ROUTINE_SCHEMA='dbo' AND ROUTINE_NAME = 'StoredProcedureName') BEGIN DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[StoredProcedureName] END --=============================== -- Drop a UDF --=============================== IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.ROUTINES WHERE ROUTINE_TYPE='FUNCTION' AND ROUTINE_SCHEMA='dbo' AND  ROUTINE_NAME = 'UDFName') BEGIN DROP FUNCTION [dbo].[UDFName] END --=============================== -- Drop an Index --=============================== IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM SYS.INDEXES WHERE name = 'IndexName') BEGIN DROP INDEX TableName.IndexName END --=============================== -- Drop a Schema --=============================== IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.SCHEMATA WHERE SCHEMA_NAME = 'SchemaName') BEGIN EXEC('DROP SCHEMA SchemaName') END

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• JPA 2.1 Schema Generation (TOTD #187)

  - by arungupta

  This blog explained some of the key features of JPA 2.1 earlier. Since then Schema Generation has been added to JPA 2.1. This Tip Of The Day (TOTD) will provide more details about this new feature in JPA 2.1. Schema Generation refers to generation of database artifacts like tables, indexes, and constraints in a database schema. It may or may not involve generation of a proper database schema depending upon the credentials and authorization of the user. This helps in prototyping of your application where the required artifacts are generated either prior to application deployment or as part of EntityManagerFactory creation. This is also useful in environments that require provisioning database on demand, e.g. in a cloud. This feature will allow your JPA domain object model to be directly generated in a database. The generated schema may need to be tuned for actual production environment. This usecase is supported by allowing the schema generation to occur into DDL scripts which can then be further tuned by a DBA. The following set of properties in persistence.xml or specified during EntityManagerFactory creation controls the behaviour of schema generation. Property Name Purpose Values javax.persistence.schema-generation-action Controls action to be taken by persistence provider "none", "create", "drop-and-create", "drop" javax.persistence.schema-generation-target Controls whehter schema to be created in database, whether DDL scripts are to be created, or both "database", "scripts", "database-and-scripts" javax.persistence.ddl-create-script-target, javax.persistence.ddl-drop-script-target Controls target locations for writing of scripts. Writers are pre-configured for the persistence provider. Need to be specified only if scripts are to be generated. java.io.Writer (e.g. MyWriter.class) or URL strings javax.persistence.ddl-create-script-source, javax.persistence.ddl-drop-script-source Specifies locations from which DDL scripts are to be read. Readers are pre-configured for the persistence provider. java.io.Reader (e.g. MyReader.class) or URL strings javax.persistence.sql-load-script-source Specifies location of SQL bulk load script. java.io.Reader (e.g. MyReader.class) or URL string javax.persistence.schema-generation-connection JDBC connection to be used for schema generation javax.persistence.database-product-name, javax.persistence.database-major-version, javax.persistence.database-minor-version Needed if scripts are to be generated and no connection to target database. Values are those obtained from JDBC DatabaseMetaData. javax.persistence.create-database-schemas Whether Persistence Provider need to create schema in addition to creating database objects such as tables, sequences, constraints, etc. "true", "false" Section 11.2 in the JPA 2.1 specification defines the annotations used for schema generation process. For example, @Table, @Column, @CollectionTable, @JoinTable, @JoinColumn, are used to define the generated schema. Several layers of defaulting may be involved. For example, the table name is defaulted from entity name and entity name (which can be specified explicitly as well) is defaulted from the class name. However annotations may be used to override or customize the values. The following entity class: @Entity public class Employee {    @Id private int id;    private String name;     . . .     @ManyToOne     private Department dept; } is generated in the database with the following attributes: Maps to EMPLOYEE table in default schema "id" field is mapped to ID column as primary key "name" is mapped to NAME column with a default VARCHAR(255). The length of this field can be easily tuned using @Column. @ManyToOne is mapped to DEPT_ID foreign key column. Can be customized using JOIN_COLUMN. In addition to these properties, couple of new annotations are added to JPA 2.1: @Index - An index for the primary key is generated by default in a database. This new annotation will allow to define additional indexes, over a single or multiple columns, for a better performance. This is specified as part of @Table, @SecondaryTable, @CollectionTable, @JoinTable, and @TableGenerator. For example: @Table(indexes = {@Index(columnList="NAME"), @Index(columnList="DEPT_ID DESC")})@Entity public class Employee {    . . .} The generated table will have a default index on the primary key. In addition, two new indexes are defined on the NAME column (default ascending) and the foreign key that maps to the department in descending order. @ForeignKey - It is used to define foreign key constraint or to otherwise override or disable the persistence provider's default foreign key definition. Can be specified as part of JoinColumn(s), MapKeyJoinColumn(s), PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(s). For example: @Entity public class Employee {    @Id private int id;    private String name;    @ManyToOne    @JoinColumn(foreignKey=@ForeignKey(foreignKeyDefinition="FOREIGN KEY (MANAGER_ID) REFERENCES MANAGER"))    private Manager manager;     . . . } In this entity, the employee's manager is mapped by MANAGER_ID column in the MANAGER table. The value of foreignKeyDefinition would be a database specific string. A complete replay of Linda's talk at JavaOne 2012 can be seen here (click on CON4212_mp4_4212_001 in Media). These features will be available in GlassFish 4 promoted builds in the near future. JPA 2.1 will be delivered as part of Java EE 7. The different components in the Java EE 7 platform are tracked here. JPA 2.1 Expert Group has released Early Draft 2 of the specification. Section 9.4 and 11.2 provide all details about Schema Generation. The latest javadocs can be obtained from here. And the JPA EG would appreciate feedback.

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• How does lucene index documents?

  - by Mehdi Amrollahi

  Hello, I read some document about Lucene; also I read the document in this link (http://lucene.sourceforge.net/talks/pisa). I don't really understand how Lucene indexes documents and don't understand which algorithms Lucene uses for indexing? On the above link, it says Lucene uses this algorithm for indexing: incremental algorithm: maintain a stack of segment indices create index for each incoming document push new indexes onto the stack let b=10 be the merge factor; M=8 for (size = 1; size < M; size *= b) { if (there are b indexes with size docs on top of the stack) { pop them off the stack; merge them into a single index; push the merged index onto the stack; } else { break; } } How does this algorithm provide optimized indexing? Does Lucene use B-tree algorithm or any other algorithm like that for indexing - or does it have a particular algorithm? Thank you for reading my post.

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• Identifying and Resolving Oracle ITL Deadlock

  - by Allan

  I have an Oracle DB package that is routinely causing what I believe is an ITL (Interested Transaction List) deadlock. The relevant portion of a trace file is below. Deadlock graph: ---------Blocker(s)-------- ---------Waiter(s)--------- Resource Name process session holds waits process session holds waits TM-0000cb52-00000000 22 131 S 23 143 SS TM-0000ceec-00000000 23 143 SX 32 138 SX SSX TM-0000cb52-00000000 30 138 SX 22 131 S session 131: DID 0001-0016-00000D1C session 143: DID 0001-0017-000055D5 session 143: DID 0001-0017-000055D5 session 138: DID 0001-001E-000067A0 session 138: DID 0001-001E-000067A0 session 131: DID 0001-0016-00000D1C Rows waited on: Session 143: no row Session 138: no row Session 131: no row There are no bit-map indexes on this table, so that's not the cause. As far as I can tell, the lack of "Rows waited on" plus the "S" in the Waiter waits column likely indicates that this is an ITL deadlock. Also, the table is written to quite often (roughly 8 insert or updates concurrently, as often as 240 times a minute), so and ITL deadlock seems like a strong possibility. I've increased the INITRANS parameter of the table and it's indexes to 100 and increased the PCT_FREE on the table from 10 to 20 (then rebuilt the indexes), but the deadlocks are still occurring. The deadlock seems to happen most often during an update, but that could just be a coincidence, as I've only traced it a couple of times. My questions are two-fold: 1) Is this actually an ITL deadlock? 2) If it is an ITL deadlock, what else can be done to avoid it?

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• Full text index requires dropping and recreating - why?

  - by Amjid Qureshi

  Hi all, So I've got a web app running on .net 3.5 connected to a SQL 2005 box. We do scheduled releases every 2 weeks. About 14 tables out of 250 are full text indexed. After not every release, but a few too many, the indexes crap out. They seem to have data in there, but when we try to search them from the front end or SQL enterprise we get timeouts/hangs. We have a script that disables the indexes, drops them, deletes the catalog and then re creates the indexes. This fixes the problem 99 times out of 100. and the one other time, we run the script again and it all works We have tried just rebuilding the fulltext index but that doesn't fix the issue. My question is why do we have to do this ? what can we do to sort the index out? Here is a bit of the script, IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.fulltext_indexes fti WHERE fti.object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[Address]')) ALTER FULLTEXT INDEX ON [dbo].[Address] DISABLE GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.fulltext_indexes fti WHERE fti.object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[Address]')) DROP FULLTEXT INDEX ON [dbo].[Address] GO IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sysfulltextcatalogs ftc WHERE ftc.name = N'DbName.FullTextCatalog') DROP FULLTEXT CATALOG [DbName.FullTextCatalog] GO -- may need this line if we get an error BACKUP LOG SMS2 WITH TRUNCATE_ONLY CREATE FULLTEXT CATALOG [DbName.FullTextCatalog] ON FILEGROUP [FullTextCatalogs] IN PATH N'F:\Data' AS DEFAULT AUTHORIZATION [dbo] CREATE FULLTEXT INDEX ON [Address](CommonPlace LANGUAGE 'ENGLISH') KEY INDEX PK_Address ON [DbName.FullTextCatalog] WITH CHANGE_TRACKING AUTO go

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• Using Mod-Rewrite in XAMPP

  - by rrrfusco

  I've followed some tutorials on how to use Mod_Rewrite, but it's not working out. I have a php index page that takes a page parameter like so: call: index?page=name1, name2, name3 etc. <?php if (isset($_GET['page'])) { switch($_GET['page']) { case 'front': include "front.php"; break; default: break; } } ? I'd like to run mod-rewrite so that the urls display as site.com/name1. Is this possible with the code i'm using above? Below is what I've been trying in the apache config files to no avail. apache/conf/http.conf line 122: LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so line 188: DocumentRoot "G:/xampp/htdocs" line 198: #default <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all </Directory> line 215: <Directory "G:/xampp/htdocs"> line 228: Options Indexes FollowSymLinks Includes ExecCGI line 235: AllowOverride All # cgi line 355: <Directory "G:/xampp/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> G:\xampp\apache\conf\extra\http.v-hosts.conf <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot G:/xampp/htdocs/ ServerName localhost ServerAdmin admin@localhost <Directory "G:/xampp/htdocs/localhost/"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride FileInfo Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot G:/xampp/htdocs/site2/ ServerName site2.localhost ServerAdmin [email protected] <Directory "G:/xampp/htdocs/site2.localhost/"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride FileInfo Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> .htaccess file IndexIgnore * RewriteEngine on RewriteRule ^([^/\.]+)/?$ /index.php?page=$1 [L]

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• Slow MySQL Query not using filesort

  - by Canadaka

  I have a query on my homepage that is getting slower and slower as my database table grows larger. tablename = tweets_cache rows = 572,327 this is the query I'm currently using that is slow, over 5 seconds. SELECT * FROM tweets_cache t WHERE t.province='' AND t.mp='0' ORDER BY t.published DESC LIMIT 50; If I take out either the WHERE or the ORDER BY, then the query is super fast 0.016 seconds. I have the following indexes on the tweets_cache table. PRIMARY published mp category province author So i'm not sure why its not using the indexes since mp, provice and published all have indexes? Doing a profile of the query shows that its not using an index to sort the query and is using filesort which is really slow. possible_keys = mp,province Extra = Using where; Using filesort I tried adding a new multie-colum index with "profiles & mp". The explain shows that this new index listed under "possible_keys" and "key", but the query time is unchanged, still over 5 seconds. Here is a screenshot of the profiler info on the query. http://i355.photobucket.com/albums/r469/canadaka_bucket/slow_query_profile.png Something weird, I made a dump of my database to test on my local desktop so i don't screw up the live site. The same query on my local runs super fast, milliseconds. So I copied all the same mysql startup variables from the server to my local to make sure there wasn't some setting that might be causing this. But even after that the local query runs super fast, but the one on the live server is over 5 seconds. My database server is only using around 800MB of the 4GB it has available. here are the related my.ini settings i'm using default-storage-engine = MYISAM max_connections = 800 skip-locking key_buffer = 512M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_cache = 512 sort_buffer_size = 4M read_buffer_size = 4M read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M thread_cache_size = 8 query_cache_size = 128M # Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency thread_concurrency = 8 # Disable Federated by default skip-federated key_buffer = 512M sort_buffer_size = 256M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M key_buffer = 512M sort_buffer_size = 256M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M

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• Index Tuning for SSIS tasks

  - by Raj More

  I am loading tables in my warehouse using SSIS. Since my SSIS is slow, it seemed like a great idea to build indexes on the tables. There are no primary keys (and therefore, foreign keys), indexes (clustered or otherwise), constraints, on this warehouse. In other words, it is 100% efficiency free. We are going to put indexes based on usage - by analyzing new queries and current query performance. So, instead of doing it our old fashioned sweat and grunt way of actually reading the SQL statements and execution plans, I thought I'd put the shiny new Database Engine Tuning Advisor to use. I turned SQL logging off in my SSIS package and ran a "Tuning" trace, saved it to a table and analyzed the output in the Tuning Advisor. Most of the lookups are done as: exec sp_executesql N'SELECT [Active], [CompanyID], [CompanyName], [CompanyShortName], [CompanyTypeID], [HierarchyNodeID] FROM [dbo].[Company] WHERE ([CompanyID]=@P1) AND ([StartDateTime] IS NOT NULL AND [EndDateTime] IS NULL)',N'@P1 int',1 exec sp_executesql N'SELECT [Active], [CompanyID], [CompanyName], [CompanyShortName], [CompanyTypeID], [HierarchyNodeID] FROM [dbo].[Company] WHERE ([CompanyID]=@P1) AND ([StartDateTime] IS NOT NULL AND [EndDateTime] IS NULL)',N'@P1 int',2 exec sp_executesql N'SELECT [Active], [CompanyID], [CompanyName], [CompanyShortName], [CompanyTypeID], [HierarchyNodeID] FROM [dbo].[Company] WHERE ([CompanyID]=@P1) AND ([StartDateTime] IS NOT NULL AND [EndDateTime] IS NULL)',N'@P1 int',3 exec sp_executesql N'SELECT [Active], [CompanyID], [CompanyName], [CompanyShortName], [CompanyTypeID], [HierarchyNodeID] FROM [dbo].[Company] WHERE ([CompanyID]=@P1) AND ([StartDateTime] IS NOT NULL AND [EndDateTime] IS NULL)',N'@P1 int',4 and when analyzed, these statements have the reason "Event does not reference any tables". Huh? Does it not see the FROM dbo.Company??!! What is going on here? So, I have multiple questions: How do I get it to capture the actual statement executing in my trace, not what was submitted in a batch? Are there any best practices to follow for tuning performance related to SSIS packages running against SQL Server 2008?

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• Clustered index - multi-part vs single-part index and effects of inserts/deletes

  - by Anssssss

  This question is about what happens with the reorganizing of data in a clustered index when an insert is done. I assume that it should be more expensive to do inserts on a table which has a clustered index than one that does not because reorganizing the data in a clustered index involves changing the physical layout of the data on the disk. I'm not sure how to phrase my question except through an example I came across at work. Assume there is a table (Junk) and there are two queries that are done on the table, the first query searches by Name and the second query searches by Name and Something. As I'm working on the database I discovered that the table has been created with two indexes, one to support each query, like so: --drop table Junk1 CREATE TABLE Junk1 ( Name char(5), Something char(5), WhoCares int ) CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX IX_Name ON Junk1 ( Name ) CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_Name_Something ON Junk1 ( Name, Something ) Now when I looked at the two indexes, it seems that IX_Name is redundant since IX_Name_Something can be used by any query that desires to search by Name. So I would eliminate IX_Name and make IX_Name_Something the clustered index instead: --drop table Junk2 CREATE TABLE Junk2 ( Name char(5), Something char(5), WhoCares int ) CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX IX_Name_Something ON Junk2 ( Name, Something ) Someone suggested that the first indexing scheme should be kept since it would result in more efficient inserts/deletes (assume that there is no need to worry about updates for Name and Something). Would that make sense? I think the second indexing method would be better since it means one less index needs to be maintained. I would appreciate any insight into this specific example or directing me to more info on maintenance of clustered indexes.

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• Shuffle Two NSMutableArray independently

  - by Superman

  I'm creating two NSMutableArray in my viewDidLoad, I add it in a NSMutableDictionary. When I tried shuffling it with one array, It is okay. But the problem is when Im shuffling two arrays independently its not working,somehow the indexes got mixed up. Here is my code for my array (I have two of these): self.items1 = [NSMutableArray new]; for(int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) { NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); NSString *documentsDir = [paths objectAtIndex:0]; NSString *savedImagePath = [documentsDir stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"[Images%d.png", i]]; if([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:savedImagePath]){ self.container = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init]; [container setObject:[UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:savedImagePath] forKey:@"items1"]; [container setObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:i] forKey:@"index1"]; [items1 addObject:container]; } } NSLog(@"Count : %d", [items1 count]); [items1 enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(id object, NSUInteger index, BOOL *stop) { NSLog(@"%@ images at index %d", object, index); }]; then my shuffle code(Which I tried duplicating for the other array,but not working also): srandom(time(NULL)); NSUInteger count = [items1 count]; for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < count; ++i) { int nElements = count - i; int n = (random() % nElements) + i; [items1 exchangeObjectAtIndex:i withObjectAtIndex:n]; } How am I going to shuffle it using above code (or if you have other suggestions) with two arrays? Thanks My other problem is when I tries subclassing the class for the shuffle method or either use the above code, their index mixed. For example: Object: apple, ball, carrots, dog Indexes: 1 2 3 4 but in my View when shuffled: Object: carrots, apple, dog, balle Indexes: 2 4 1 3

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• C++ program crashes at runtime

  - by qwerty

  Hello, I have this simple c++ program #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> #include <math.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> #include <vector> using namespace std; int aleator(int n) { return (rand()%n)+1; } int main() { int r; int indexes[100]={0}; // const int size=100; //int a[size]; std::vector<int>v; srand(time(0)); for (int i=0;i<25;i++) { int index = aleator(100); if (indexes[index] != 0) { // try again i--; continue; } indexes[index] = 1; cout << v[index] ; } cout<<" "<<endl; system("pause"); return 0; } But at runtime it crashes, so i got that error with 'Send error report' and 'Don't send'. What i'm doing wrong? Thanks!

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• Too many columns to index - use mySQL Partitions?

  - by Christopher Padfield

  We have an application with a table with 20+ columns that are all searchable. Building indexes for all these columns would make write queries very slow; and any really useful index would often have to be across multiple columns increasing the number of indexes needed. However, for 95% of these searches, only a small subset of those rows need to be searched upon, and quite a small number - say 50,000 rows. So, we have considered using mySQL Partition tables - having a column that is basically isActive which is what we divide the two partitions by. Most search queries would be run with isActive=1. Most queries would then be run against the small 50,000 row partition and be quick without other indexes. Only issue is the rows where isActive=1 is not fixed; i.e. it's not based on the date of the row or anything fixed like that; we will need to update isActive based on use of the data in that row. As I understand it that is no problem though; the data would just be moved from one partition to another during the UPDATE query. We do have a PK on id for the row though; and I am not sure if this is a problem; the manual seemed to suggest the partition had to be based on any primary keys. This would be a huge problem for us because the primary key ID has no basis on whether the row isActive.

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• JavaScript array random index insertion and deletion

  - by Tomi

  I'm inserting some items into array with randomly created indexes, for example like this: var myArray = new Array(); myArray[123] = "foo"; myArray[456] = "bar"; myArray[789] = "baz"; ... In other words array indexes do not start with zero and there will be "numeric gaps" between them. My questions are: Will these numeric gaps be somehow allocated (and therefore take some memory) even when they do not have assigned values? When I delete myArray[456] from upper example, would items below this item be relocated? EDIT: Regarding my question/concern about relocation of items after insertion/deletion - I want to know what happens with the memory and not indexes. More information from wikipedia article: Linked lists have several advantages over dynamic arrays. Insertion of an element at a specific point of a list is a constant-time operation, whereas insertion in a dynamic array at random locations will require moving half of the elements on average, and all the elements in the worst case. While one can "delete" an element from an array in constant time by somehow marking its slot as "vacant", this causes fragmentation that impedes the performance of iteration.

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• Unable to set up SSL support for Apache 2 on Debian

  - by Francesco

  I am trying to set up ssl support for Apache 2 on Debian. Versions are: Debian GNU/Linux 6.0 apache2 2.2.16-6+squeeze1 I followed a lot of how-tos for days but I couldn't make it work. Here are my steps and configuration files (ServerName and DocumentRoot are changed for privacy, in case tell me): # mkdir /etc/apache2/ssl # openssl req $@ -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -out /etc/apache2/apache.pem -keyout /etc/apache2/apache.pem at this point I've a doubt about permissions on apache.pem, at this step they are -rw-r--r-- 1 root root Maybe it has to belong to www-data? Then I enable ssl-mod with # a2enmod ssl # /etc/init.d/apache2 restart I modify /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl in this way (I put port 8080 because I need port 443 for another purpose): <VirtualHost *:8080> SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.pem ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:8080> DocumentRoot /home/user1/public_html/ ServerName first.server.org # Other directives here </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:8080> DocumentRoot /home/user2/public_html/ ServerName second.server.org # Other directives here </VirtualHost> I have to point out that the same configuration works on http (it is a copy of /etc/apache2/sites-available/default with some differences - port and ssl support). My /etc/apache2/ports.conf is the following: # If you just change the port or add more ports here, you will likely also # have to change the VirtualHost statement in # /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default # This is also true if you have upgraded from before 2.2.9-3 (i.e. from # Debian etch). See /usr/share/doc/apache2.2-common/NEWS.Debian.gz and # README.Debian.gz #NameVirtualHost *:80 Listen 80 <IfModule mod_ssl.c> # If you add NameVirtualHost *:443 here, you will also have to change # the VirtualHost statement in /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl # to <VirtualHost *:443> # Server Name Indication for SSL named virtual hosts is currently not # supported by MSIE on Windows XP. #NameVirtualHost *:8080 Listen 8080 </IfModule> <IfModule mod_gnutls.c> Listen 8080 </IfModule> Any suggestion? Thanks

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• How to solve "403 Forbidden" on CentOS6 with SELinux Disabled?

  - by André

  I have a machine on Linode that is driving me crazy. Linode does not have SELinux on CentOS6... I'm trying to configure to put my website in "/home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/public" As I don´t have SELinux enable, how can I avoid the "403 Forbidden" that I get when trying to access the webpage? Sorry for my english. Best Regards, Update1, ERROR_LOG [Mon Oct 17 14:04:16 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:08:07 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:10:25 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:10:41 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:32:35 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 14:34:45 2011] [error] [client 58.218.199.227] (13)Permission denied: access to /proxy-1.php denied [Mon Oct 17 15:32:25 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:37:26 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:37:43 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:38:32 2011] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to / denied [Mon Oct 17 15:42:56 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable [Mon Oct 17 15:43:12 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable [Mon Oct 17 15:45:34 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable [Mon Oct 17 15:51:25 2011] [crit] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: /home/websites/.htaccess pcfg_openfile: unable to check htaccess file, ensure it is readable Upadate2, /home/websites directory drwx------ 3 websites websites 4096 Oct 17 14:52 . drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Oct 17 13:42 .. -rw------- 1 websites websites 372 Oct 17 14:52 .bash_history -rw-r--r-- 1 websites websites 18 May 30 11:46 .bash_logout -rw-r--r-- 1 websites websites 176 May 30 11:46 .bash_profile -rw-r--r-- 1 websites websites 124 May 30 11:46 .bashrc drwxrwxr-x 3 websites apache 4096 Oct 17 13:45 public_html Update3, httpd.conf ### Section 1: Global Environment ServerTokens OS ServerRoot "/etc/httpd" PidFile run/httpd.pid Timeout 60 KeepAlive Off MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 15 <IfModule prefork.c> StartServers 8 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 20 ServerLimit 256 MaxClients 256 MaxRequestsPerChild 4000 </IfModule> <IfModule worker.c> StartServers 4 MaxClients 300 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> #Listen 12.34.56.78:80 Listen 80 LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so LoadModule auth_digest_module modules/mod_auth_digest.so LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so LoadModule authn_alias_module modules/mod_authn_alias.so LoadModule authn_anon_module modules/mod_authn_anon.so LoadModule authn_dbm_module modules/mod_authn_dbm.so LoadModule authn_default_module modules/mod_authn_default.so LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so LoadModule authz_owner_module modules/mod_authz_owner.so LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so LoadModule authz_dbm_module modules/mod_authz_dbm.so LoadModule authz_default_module modules/mod_authz_default.so LoadModule ldap_module modules/mod_ldap.so LoadModule authnz_ldap_module modules/mod_authnz_ldap.so LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so LoadModule logio_module modules/mod_logio.so LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so LoadModule ext_filter_module modules/mod_ext_filter.so LoadModule mime_magic_module modules/mod_mime_magic.so LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so LoadModule deflate_module modules/mod_deflate.so LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so LoadModule usertrack_module modules/mod_usertrack.so LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so LoadModule status_module modules/mod_status.so LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so LoadModule info_module modules/mod_info.so LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so LoadModule vhost_alias_module modules/mod_vhost_alias.so LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so LoadModule substitute_module modules/mod_substitute.so LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so LoadModule cache_module modules/mod_cache.so LoadModule suexec_module modules/mod_suexec.so LoadModule disk_cache_module modules/mod_disk_cache.so LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so LoadModule version_module modules/mod_version.so Include conf.d/*.conf #ExtendedStatus On User apache Group apache ServerAdmin root@localhost #ServerName www.example.com:80 UseCanonicalName Off DocumentRoot "/var/www/html" # # Each directory to which Apache has access can be configured with respect # to which services and features are allowed and/or disabled in that # directory (and its subdirectories). # # First, we configure the "default" to be a very restrictive set of # features. # <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> # # Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow # particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as # you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it # below. # # # This should be changed to whatever you set DocumentRoot to. # <Directory "/home/websites/public_html"> # # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All", # or any combination of: # Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews # # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All" # doesn't give it to you. # # The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/core.html#options # for more information. # Options Indexes FollowSymLinks # # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files. # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords: # Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit # AllowOverride None # # Controls who can get stuff from this server. # Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # # UserDir: The name of the directory that is appended onto a user's home # directory if a ~user request is received. # # The path to the end user account 'public_html' directory must be # accessible to the webserver userid. This usually means that ~userid # must have permissions of 711, ~userid/public_html must have permissions # of 755, and documents contained therein must be world-readable. # Otherwise, the client will only receive a "403 Forbidden" message. # # See also: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/misc/FAQ.html#forbidden # <IfModule mod_userdir.c> # # UserDir is disabled by default since it can confirm the presence # of a username on the system (depending on home directory # permissions). # UserDir disabled # # To enable requests to /~user/ to serve the user's public_html # directory, remove the "UserDir disabled" line above, and uncomment # the following line instead: # #UserDir public_html </IfModule> # # Control access to UserDir directories. The following is an example # for a site where these directories are restricted to read-only. # #<Directory /home/*/public_html> # AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit # Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec # <Limit GET POST OPTIONS> # Order allow,deny # Allow from all # </Limit> # <LimitExcept GET POST OPTIONS> # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # </LimitExcept> #</Directory> # # DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory # is requested. # # The index.html.var file (a type-map) is used to deliver content- # negotiated documents. The MultiViews Option can be used for the # same purpose, but it is much slower. # DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy All </Files> # # TypesConfig describes where the mime.types file (or equivalent) is # to be found. # TypesConfig /etc/mime.types # # DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document # if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions. # If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is # a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications # or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text. # DefaultType text/plain # # The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the # contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located. # <IfModule mod_mime_magic.c> # MIMEMagicFile /usr/share/magic.mime MIMEMagicFile conf/magic </IfModule> # # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off #EnableMMAP off #EnableSendfile off # # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog logs/error_log LogLevel warn # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent # "combinedio" includes actual counts of actual bytes received (%I) and sent (%O); this # requires the mod_logio module to be loaded. #LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio # # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format). # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost> # container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do* # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be # logged therein and *not* in this file. # #CustomLog logs/access_log common # # If you would like to have separate agent and referer logfiles, uncomment # the following directives. # #CustomLog logs/referer_log referer #CustomLog logs/agent_log agent # # For a single logfile with access, agent, and referer information # (Combined Logfile Format), use the following directive: # CustomLog logs/access_log combined ServerSignature On Alias /icons/ "/var/www/icons/" <Directory "/var/www/icons"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # # WebDAV module configuration section. # <IfModule mod_dav_fs.c> # Location of the WebDAV lock database. DAVLockDB /var/lib/dav/lockdb </IfModule> # # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that # documents in the realname directory are treated as applications and # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the client. # The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias directives as to # Alias. # ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/" # # "/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased # CGI directory exists, if you have that configured. # <Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> IndexOptions FancyIndexing VersionSort NameWidth=* HTMLTable Charset=UTF-8 AddIconByEncoding (CMP,/icons/compressed.gif) x-compress x-gzip AddIconByType (TXT,/icons/text.gif) text/* AddIconByType (IMG,/icons/image2.gif) image/* AddIconByType (SND,/icons/sound2.gif) audio/* AddIconByType (VID,/icons/movie.gif) video/* AddIcon /icons/binary.gif .bin .exe AddIcon /icons/binhex.gif .hqx AddIcon /icons/tar.gif .tar AddIcon /icons/world2.gif .wrl .wrl.gz .vrml .vrm .iv AddIcon /icons/compressed.gif .Z .z .tgz .gz .zip AddIcon /icons/a.gif .ps .ai .eps AddIcon /icons/layout.gif .html .shtml .htm .pdf AddIcon /icons/text.gif .txt AddIcon /icons/c.gif .c AddIcon /icons/p.gif .pl .py AddIcon /icons/f.gif .for AddIcon /icons/dvi.gif .dvi AddIcon /icons/uuencoded.gif .uu AddIcon /icons/script.gif .conf .sh .shar .csh .ksh .tcl AddIcon /icons/tex.gif .tex AddIcon /icons/bomb.gif core AddIcon /icons/back.gif .. AddIcon /icons/hand.right.gif README AddIcon /icons/folder.gif ^^DIRECTORY^^ AddIcon /icons/blank.gif ^^BLANKICON^^ # # DefaultIcon is which icon to show for files which do not have an icon # explicitly set. # DefaultIcon /icons/unknown.gif # # AddDescription allows you to place a short description after a file in # server-generated indexes. These are only displayed for FancyIndexed # directories. # Format: AddDescription "description" filename # #AddDescription "GZIP compressed document" .gz #AddDescription "tar archive" .tar #AddDescription "GZIP compressed tar archive" .tgz # # ReadmeName is the name of the README file the server will look for by # default, and append to directory listings. # # HeaderName is the name of a file which should be prepended to # directory indexes. ReadmeName README.html HeaderName HEADER.html # # IndexIgnore is a set of filenames which directory indexing should ignore # and not include in the listing. Shell-style wildcarding is permitted. # IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* README* RCS CVS *,v *,t # # DefaultLanguage and AddLanguage allows you to specify the language of # a document. You can then use content negotiation to give a browser a # file in a language the user can understand. # # Specify a default language. This means that all data # going out without a specific language tag (see below) will # be marked with this one. You probably do NOT want to set # this unless you are sure it is correct for all cases. # # * It is generally better to not mark a page as # * being a certain language than marking it with the wrong # * language! # # DefaultLanguage nl # # Note 1: The suffix does not have to be the same as the language # keyword --- those with documents in Polish (whose net-standard # language code is pl) may wish to use "AddLanguage pl .po" to # avoid the ambiguity with the common suffix for perl scripts. # # Note 2: The example entries below illustrate that in some cases # the two character 'Language' abbreviation is not identical to # the two character 'Country' code for its country, # E.g. 'Danmark/dk' versus 'Danish/da'. # # Note 3: In the case of 'ltz' we violate the RFC by using a three char # specifier. There is 'work in progress' to fix this and get # the reference data for rfc1766 cleaned up. # # Catalan (ca) - Croatian (hr) - Czech (cs) - Danish (da) - Dutch (nl) # English (en) - Esperanto (eo) - Estonian (et) - French (fr) - German (de) # Greek-Modern (el) - Hebrew (he) - Italian (it) - Japanese (ja) # Korean (ko) - Luxembourgeois* (ltz) - Norwegian Nynorsk (nn) # Norwegian (no) - Polish (pl) - Portugese (pt) # Brazilian Portuguese (pt-BR) - Russian (ru) - Swedish (sv) # Simplified Chinese (zh-CN) - Spanish (es) - Traditional Chinese (zh-TW) # AddLanguage ca .ca AddLanguage cs .cz .cs AddLanguage da .dk AddLanguage de .de AddLanguage el .el AddLanguage en .en AddLanguage eo .eo AddLanguage es .es AddLanguage et .et AddLanguage fr .fr AddLanguage he .he AddLanguage hr .hr AddLanguage it .it AddLanguage ja .ja AddLanguage ko .ko AddLanguage ltz .ltz AddLanguage nl .nl AddLanguage nn .nn AddLanguage no .no AddLanguage pl .po AddLanguage pt .pt AddLanguage pt-BR .pt-br AddLanguage ru .ru AddLanguage sv .sv AddLanguage zh-CN .zh-cn AddLanguage zh-TW .zh-tw # # LanguagePriority allows you to give precedence to some languages # in case of a tie during content negotiation. # # Just list the languages in decreasing order of preference. We have # more or less alphabetized them here. You probably want to change this. # LanguagePriority en ca cs da de el eo es et fr he hr it ja ko ltz nl nn no pl pt pt-BR ru sv zh-CN zh-TW # # ForceLanguagePriority allows you to serve a result page rather than # MULTIPLE CHOICES (Prefer) [in case of a tie] or NOT ACCEPTABLE (Fallback) # [in case no accepted languages matched the available variants] # ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback # # Specify a default charset for all content served; this enables # interpretation of all content as UTF-8 by default. To use the # default browser choice (ISO-8859-1), or to allow the META tags # in HTML content to override this choice, comment out this # directive: # AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 # # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration # file mime.types for specific file types. # #AddType application/x-tar .tgz # # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this. # Despite the name similarity, the following Add* directives have nothing # to do with the FancyIndexing customization directives above. # #AddEncoding x-compress .Z #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types: # AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz # # MIME-types for downloading Certificates and CRLs # AddType application/x-x509-ca-cert .crt AddType application/x-pkcs7-crl .crl # # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers": # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server # or added with the Action directive (see below) # # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories: # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.) # #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi # # For files that include their own HTTP headers: # #AddHandler send-as-is asis # # For type maps (negotiated resources): # (This is enabled by default to allow the Apache "It Worked" page # to be distributed in multiple languages.) # AddHandler type-map var # # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client. # # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI): # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.) # AddType text/html .shtml AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml # # Action lets you define media types that will execute a script whenever # a matching file is called. This eliminates the need for repeated URL # pathnames for oft-used CGI file processors. # Format: Action media/type /cgi-script/location # Format: Action handler-name /cgi-script/location # # # Customizable error responses come in three flavors: # 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects # # Some examples: #ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo." #ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html #ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl" #ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html # # # Putting this all together, we can internationalize error responses. # # We use Alias to redirect any /error/HTTP_<error>.html.var response to # our collection of by-error message multi-language collections. We use # includes to substitute the appropriate text. # # You can modify the messages' appearance without changing any of the # default HTTP_<error>.html.var files by adding the line: # # Alias /error/include/ "/your/include/path/" # # which allows you to create your own set of files by starting with the # /var/www/error/include/ files and # copying them to /your/include/path/, even on a per-VirtualHost basis. # Alias /error/ "/var/www/error/" <IfModule mod_negotiation.c> <IfModule mod_include.c> <Directory "/var/www/error"> AllowOverride None Options IncludesNoExec AddOutputFilter Includes html AddHandler type-map var Order allow,deny Allow from all LanguagePriority en es de fr ForceLanguagePriority Prefer Fallback </Directory> # ErrorDocument 400 /error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var # ErrorDocument 401 /error/HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED.html.var # ErrorDocument 403 /error/HTTP_FORBIDDEN.html.var # ErrorDocument 404 /error/HTTP_NOT_FOUND.html.var # ErrorDocument 405 /error/HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.html.var # ErrorDocument 408 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT.html.var # ErrorDocument 410 /error/HTTP_GONE.html.var # ErrorDocument 411 /error/HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED.html.var # ErrorDocument 412 /error/HTTP_PRECONDITION_FAILED.html.var # ErrorDocument 413 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE.html.var # ErrorDocument 414 /error/HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE.html.var # ErrorDocument 415 /error/HTTP_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE.html.var # ErrorDocument 500 /error/HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.html.var # ErrorDocument 501 /error/HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED.html.var # ErrorDocument 502 /error/HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY.html.var # ErrorDocument 503 /error/HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE.html.var # ErrorDocument 506 /error/HTTP_VARIANT_ALSO_VARIES.html.var </IfModule> </IfModule> # # The following directives modify normal HTTP response behavior to # handle known problems with browser implementations. # BrowserMatch "Mozilla/2" nokeepalive BrowserMatch "MSIE 4\.0b2;" nokeepalive downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "RealPlayer 4\.0" force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "Java/1\.0" force-response-1.0 BrowserMatch "JDK/1\.0" force-response-1.0 # # The following directive disables redirects on non-GET requests for # a directory that does not include the trailing slash. This fixes a # problem with Microsoft WebFolders which does not appropriately handle # redirects for folders with DAV methods. # Same deal with Apple's DAV filesystem and Gnome VFS support for DAV. # BrowserMatch "Microsoft Data Access Internet Publishing Provider" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "MS FrontPage" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^WebDrive" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^WebDAVFS/1.[0123]" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^gnome-vfs/1.0" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^XML Spy" redirect-carefully BrowserMatch "^Dreamweaver-WebDAV-SCM1" redirect-carefully # # Allow server status reports generated by mod_status, # with the URL of http://servername/server-status # Change the ".example.com" to match your domain to enable. # #<Location /server-status> # SetHandler server-status # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from .example.com #</Location> # # Allow remote server configuration reports, with the URL of # http://servername/server-info (requires that mod_info.c be loaded). # Change the ".example.com" to match your domain to enable. # #<Location /server-info> # SetHandler server-info # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from .example.com #</Location> # # Proxy Server directives. Uncomment the following lines to # enable the proxy server: # #<IfModule mod_proxy.c> #ProxyRequests On # #<Proxy *> # Order deny,allow # Deny from all # Allow from .example.com #</Proxy> # # Enable/disable the handling of HTTP/1.1 "Via:" headers. # ("Full" adds the server version; "Block" removes all outgoing Via: headers) # Set to one of: Off | On | Full | Block # #ProxyVia On # # To enable a cache of proxied content, uncomment the following lines. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_cache.html for more details. # #<IfModule mod_disk_cache.c> # CacheEnable disk / # CacheRoot "/var/cache/mod_proxy" #</IfModule> # #</IfModule> # End of proxy directives. ### Section 3: Virtual Hosts # # VirtualHost: If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your # machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations # use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about # IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below. # # Please see the documentation at # <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/vhosts/> # for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts. # # You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host # configuration. # # Use name-based virtual hosting. # NameVirtualHost *:80 # # NOTE: NameVirtualHost cannot be used without a port specifier # (e.g. :80) if mod_ssl is being used, due to the nature of the # SSL protocol. # # # VirtualHost example: # Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container. # The first VirtualHost section is used for requests without a known # server name. # #<VirtualHost *:80> # ServerAdmin [email protected] # DocumentRoot /www/docs/dummy-host.example.com # ServerName dummy-host.example.com # ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log # CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common #</VirtualHost> # domain: mysite.com # public: /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/ <VirtualHost *:80> # Admin email, Server Name (domain name) and any aliases ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName mysite.com ServerAlias www.mysite.com # Index file and Document Root (where the public files are located) DirectoryIndex index.html DocumentRoot /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/public # Custom log file locations LogLevel warn ErrorLog /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/log/error.log CustomLog /home/websites/public_html/mysite.com/log/access.log combined </VirtualHost>

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• Disable .htaccess from apache allowoverride none, still reads .htaccess files

  - by John Magnolia

  I have moved all of our .htaccess config into <Directory> blocks and set AllowOverride None in the default and default-ssl. Although after restarting apache it is still reading the .htaccess files. How can I completely turn off reading these files? Update of all files with "AllowOverride" /etc/apache2/mods-available/userdir.conf <IfModule mod_userdir.c> UserDir public_html UserDir disabled root <Directory /home/*/public_html> AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit Indexes Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec <Limit GET POST OPTIONS> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Limit> <LimitExcept GET POST OPTIONS> Order deny,allow Deny from all </LimitExcept> </Directory> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/mods-available/alias.conf <IfModule alias_module> # # Aliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The format is # Alias fakename realname # # Note that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server will # require it to be present in the URL. So "/icons" isn't aliased in this # example, only "/icons/". If the fakename is slash-terminated, then the # realname must also be slash terminated, and if the fakename omits the # trailing slash, the realname must also omit it. # # We include the /icons/ alias for FancyIndexed directory listings. If # you do not use FancyIndexing, you may comment this out. # Alias /icons/ "/usr/share/apache2/icons/" <Directory "/usr/share/apache2/icons"> Options Indexes MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/httpd.conf # # Directives to allow use of AWStats as a CGI # Alias /awstatsclasses "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/classes/" Alias /awstatscss "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/css/" Alias /awstatsicons "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/icon/" ScriptAlias /awstats/ "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/cgi-bin/" # # This is to permit URL access to scripts/files in AWStats directory. # <Directory "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot"> Options None AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> Alias /awstats-icon/ /usr/share/awstats/icon/ <Directory /usr/share/awstats/icon> Options None AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl <IfModule mod_ssl.c> <VirtualHost _default_:443> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/ssl_access.log combined # SSL Engine Switch: # Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host. SSLEngine on # A self-signed (snakeoil) certificate can be created by installing # the ssl-cert package. See # /usr/share/doc/apache2.2-common/README.Debian.gz for more info. # If both key and certificate are stored in the same file, only the # SSLCertificateFile directive is needed. SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key # Server Certificate Chain: # Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the # concatenation of PEM encoded CA certificates which form the # certificate chain for the server certificate. Alternatively # the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile # when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server # certificate for convinience. #SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/server-ca.crt # Certificate Authority (CA): # Set the CA certificate verification path where to find CA # certificates for client authentication or alternatively one # huge file containing all of them (file must be PEM encoded) # Note: Inside SSLCACertificatePath you need hash symlinks # to point to the certificate files. Use the provided # Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes. #SSLCACertificatePath /etc/ssl/certs/ #SSLCACertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/ca-bundle.crt # Certificate Revocation Lists (CRL): # Set the CA revocation path where to find CA CRLs for client # authentication or alternatively one huge file containing all # of them (file must be PEM encoded) # Note: Inside SSLCARevocationPath you need hash symlinks # to point to the certificate files. Use the provided # Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes. #SSLCARevocationPath /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/ #SSLCARevocationFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/ca-bundle.crl # Client Authentication (Type): # Client certificate verification type and depth. Types are # none, optional, require and optional_no_ca. Depth is a # number which specifies how deeply to verify the certificate # issuer chain before deciding the certificate is not valid. #SSLVerifyClient require #SSLVerifyDepth 10 # Access Control: # With SSLRequire you can do per-directory access control based # on arbitrary complex boolean expressions containing server # variable checks and other lookup directives. The syntax is a # mixture between C and Perl. See the mod_ssl documentation # for more details. #<Location /> #SSLRequire ( %{SSL_CIPHER} !~ m/^(EXP|NULL)/ \ # and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_O} eq "Snake Oil, Ltd." \ # and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_OU} in {"Staff", "CA", "Dev"} \ # and %{TIME_WDAY} >= 1 and %{TIME_WDAY} <= 5 \ # and %{TIME_HOUR} >= 8 and %{TIME_HOUR} <= 20 ) \ # or %{REMOTE_ADDR} =~ m/^192\.76\.162\.[0-9]+$/ #</Location> # SSL Engine Options: # Set various options for the SSL engine. # o FakeBasicAuth: # Translate the client X.509 into a Basic Authorisation. This means that # the standard Auth/DBMAuth methods can be used for access control. The # user name is the `one line' version of the client's X.509 certificate. # Note that no password is obtained from the user. Every entry in the user # file needs this password: `xxj31ZMTZzkVA'. # o ExportCertData: # This exports two additional environment variables: SSL_CLIENT_CERT and # SSL_SERVER_CERT. These contain the PEM-encoded certificates of the # server (always existing) and the client (only existing when client # authentication is used). This can be used to import the certificates # into CGI scripts. # o StdEnvVars: # This exports the standard SSL/TLS related `SSL_*' environment variables. # Per default this exportation is switched off for performance reasons, # because the extraction step is an expensive operation and is usually # useless for serving static content. So one usually enables the # exportation for CGI and SSI requests only. # o StrictRequire: # This denies access when "SSLRequireSSL" or "SSLRequire" applied even # under a "Satisfy any" situation, i.e. when it applies access is denied # and no other module can change it. # o OptRenegotiate: # This enables optimized SSL connection renegotiation handling when SSL # directives are used in per-directory context. #SSLOptions +FakeBasicAuth +ExportCertData +StrictRequire <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$"> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </FilesMatch> <Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </Directory> # SSL Protocol Adjustments: # The safe and default but still SSL/TLS standard compliant shutdown # approach is that mod_ssl sends the close notify alert but doesn't wait for # the close notify alert from client. When you need a different shutdown # approach you can use one of the following variables: # o ssl-unclean-shutdown: # This forces an unclean shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. no # SSL close notify alert is send or allowed to received. This violates # the SSL/TLS standard but is needed for some brain-dead browsers. Use # this when you receive I/O errors because of the standard approach where # mod_ssl sends the close notify alert. # o ssl-accurate-shutdown: # This forces an accurate shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. a # SSL close notify alert is send and mod_ssl waits for the close notify # alert of the client. This is 100% SSL/TLS standard compliant, but in # practice often causes hanging connections with brain-dead browsers. Use # this only for browsers where you know that their SSL implementation # works correctly. # Notice: Most problems of broken clients are also related to the HTTP # keep-alive facility, so you usually additionally want to disable # keep-alive for those clients, too. Use variable "nokeepalive" for this. # Similarly, one has to force some clients to use HTTP/1.0 to workaround # their broken HTTP/1.1 implementation. Use variables "downgrade-1.0" and # "force-response-1.0" for this. BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \ nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \ downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 # MSIE 7 and newer should be able to use keepalive BrowserMatch "MSIE [17-9]" ssl-unclean-shutdown </VirtualHost> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/sites-available/default <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> Alias /delboy /usr/share/phpmyadmin <Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin> # Restrict phpmyadmin access Order Deny,Allow Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> /etc/apache2/conf.d/security # # Disable access to the entire file system except for the directories that # are explicitly allowed later. # # This currently breaks the configurations that come with some web application # Debian packages. # #<Directory /> # AllowOverride None # Order Deny,Allow # Deny from all #</Directory> # Changing the following options will not really affect the security of the # server, but might make attacks slightly more difficult in some cases. # # ServerTokens # This directive configures what you return as the Server HTTP response # Header. The default is 'Full' which sends information about the OS-Type # and compiled in modules. # Set to one of: Full | OS | Minimal | Minor | Major | Prod # where Full conveys the most information, and Prod the least. # #ServerTokens Minimal ServerTokens OS #ServerTokens Full # # Optionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host # name to server-generated pages (internal error documents, FTP directory # listings, mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated # documents or custom error documents). # Set to "EMail" to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin. # Set to one of: On | Off | EMail # #ServerSignature Off ServerSignature On # # Allow TRACE method # # Set to "extended" to also reflect the request body (only for testing and # diagnostic purposes). # # Set to one of: On | Off | extended # TraceEnable Off #TraceEnable On /etc/apache2/apache2.conf # # Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool. # # This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the # configuration directives that give the server its instructions. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/ for detailed information about # the directives. # # Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding # what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure # consult the online docs. You have been warned. # # The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections: # 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a # whole (the 'global environment'). # 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server, # which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host. # These directives also provide default values for the settings # of all virtual hosts. # 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to # different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the # same Apache server process. # # Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many # of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the # server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin # with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "foo.log" # with ServerRoot set to "/etc/apache2" will be interpreted by the # server as "/etc/apache2/foo.log". # ### Section 1: Global Environment # # The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, # such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it # can find its configuration files. # # # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's # configuration, error, and log files are kept. # # NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network) # mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available # at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile>); # you will save yourself a lot of trouble. # # Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path. # #ServerRoot "/etc/apache2" # # The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK. # LockFile ${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}/accept.lock # # PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process # identification number when it starts. # This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars # PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} # # Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out. # Timeout 300 # # KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than # one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate. # KeepAlive On # # MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow # during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. # We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. # MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 # # KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the # same client on the same connection. # KeepAliveTimeout 4 ## ## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific) ## # prefork MPM # StartServers: number of server processes to start # MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 500 </IfModule> # worker MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadLimit: ThreadsPerChild can be changed to this maximum value during a # graceful restart. ThreadLimit can only be changed by stopping # and starting Apache. # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_worker_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # event MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_event_module> StartServers 2 MaxClients 150 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy all </Files> # # DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document # if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions. # If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is # a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications # or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text. # DefaultType text/plain # # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # # LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log. # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. # LogLevel warn # Include module configuration: Include mods-enabled/*.load Include mods-enabled/*.conf # Include all the user configurations: Include httpd.conf # Include ports listing Include ports.conf # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # If you are behind a reverse proxy, you might want to change %h into %{X-Forwarded-For}i # LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent # Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files, # see README.Debian for details. # Include generic snippets of statements Include conf.d/ # Include the virtual host configurations: Include sites-enabled/

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• Server Memory with Magento

  - by Mohamed Elgharabawy

  I have a cloud server with the following specifications: 2vCPUs 4G RAM 160GB Disk Space Network 400Mb/s System Image: Ubuntu 12.04 LTS I am only running Magento CE 1.7.0.2 on this server. Nothing else. Usually, the server has a loading time of 4-5 seconds. Recently, this has dropped to over 30 seconds and sometimes the server just goes away and I get HTTP error reports to my email stating that HTTP requests took more than 20000ms. Running top command and sorting them returns the following: top - 15:29:07 up 3:40, 1 user, load average: 28.59, 25.95, 22.91 Tasks: 112 total, 30 running, 82 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 90.2%us, 9.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.3%si, 0.2%st PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 31901 www-data 20 0 360m 71m 5840 R 7 1.8 1:39.51 apache2 32084 www-data 20 0 362m 72m 5548 R 7 1.8 1:31.56 apache2 32089 www-data 20 0 348m 59m 5660 R 7 1.5 1:41.74 apache2 32295 www-data 20 0 343m 54m 5532 R 7 1.4 2:00.78 apache2 32303 www-data 20 0 354m 65m 5260 R 7 1.6 1:38.76 apache2 32304 www-data 20 0 346m 56m 5544 R 7 1.4 1:41.26 apache2 32305 www-data 20 0 348m 59m 5640 R 7 1.5 1:50.11 apache2 32291 www-data 20 0 358m 69m 5256 R 6 1.7 1:44.26 apache2 32517 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5532 R 6 1.4 1:45.56 apache2 30473 www-data 20 0 355m 66m 5680 R 6 1.7 2:00.05 apache2 32093 www-data 20 0 352m 63m 5848 R 6 1.6 1:53.23 apache2 32302 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5512 R 6 1.4 1:55.87 apache2 32433 www-data 20 0 346m 57m 5500 S 6 1.4 1:31.58 apache2 32638 www-data 20 0 354m 65m 5508 R 6 1.6 1:36.59 apache2 32230 www-data 20 0 347m 57m 5524 R 6 1.4 1:33.96 apache2 32231 www-data 20 0 355m 66m 5512 R 6 1.7 1:37.47 apache2 32233 www-data 20 0 354m 64m 6032 R 6 1.6 1:59.74 apache2 32300 www-data 20 0 355m 66m 5672 R 6 1.7 1:43.76 apache2 32510 www-data 20 0 347m 58m 5512 R 6 1.5 1:42.54 apache2 32521 www-data 20 0 348m 59m 5508 R 6 1.5 1:47.99 apache2 32639 www-data 20 0 344m 55m 5512 R 6 1.4 1:34.25 apache2 32083 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5696 R 5 1.4 1:59.42 apache2 32085 www-data 20 0 347m 58m 5692 R 5 1.5 1:42.29 apache2 32293 www-data 20 0 353m 64m 5676 R 5 1.6 1:52.73 apache2 32301 www-data 20 0 348m 59m 5564 R 5 1.5 1:49.63 apache2 32528 www-data 20 0 351m 62m 5520 R 5 1.6 1:36.11 apache2 31523 mysql 20 0 3460m 576m 8288 S 5 14.4 2:06.91 mysqld 32002 www-data 20 0 345m 55m 5512 R 5 1.4 2:01.88 apache2 32080 www-data 20 0 357m 68m 5512 S 5 1.7 1:31.30 apache2 32163 www-data 20 0 347m 58m 5512 S 5 1.5 1:58.68 apache2 32509 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5504 R 5 1.4 1:49.54 apache2 32306 www-data 20 0 358m 68m 5504 S 4 1.7 1:53.29 apache2 32165 www-data 20 0 344m 55m 5524 S 4 1.4 1:40.71 apache2 32640 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5528 R 4 1.4 1:36.49 apache2 31888 www-data 20 0 359m 70m 5664 R 4 1.8 1:57.07 apache2 32511 www-data 20 0 357m 67m 5512 S 3 1.7 1:47.00 apache2 32054 www-data 20 0 357m 68m 5660 S 2 1.7 1:53.10 apache2 1 root 20 0 24452 2276 1232 S 0 0.1 0:01.58 init Moreover, running free -m returns the following: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 4003 3919 83 0 118 901 -/+ buffers/cache: 2899 1103 Swap: 0 0 0 To investigate this further, I have installed apache buddy, it recommeneded that I need to reduce the maxclient connections. Which I did. I also installed MysqlTuner and it suggests that I need to set my innodb_buffer_pool_size to = 3.0G. However, I cannot do that, since the whole memory is 4G. Here is the output from apache buddy: ### GENERAL REPORT ### Settings considered for this report: Your server's physical RAM: 4003MB Apache's MaxClients directive: 40 Apache MPM Model: prefork Largest Apache process (by memory): 73.77MB [ OK ] Your MaxClients setting is within an acceptable range. Max potential memory usage: 2950.8 MB Percentage of RAM allocated to Apache 73.72 % And this is the output of MySQLTuner: -------- Performance Metrics ------------------------------------------------- [--] Up for: 47m 22s (675K q [237.552 qps], 12K conn, TX: 1B, RX: 300M) [--] Reads / Writes: 45% / 55% [--] Total buffers: 2.1G global + 2.7M per thread (151 max threads) [OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 2.5G (64% of installed RAM) [OK] Slow queries: 0% (0/675K) [OK] Highest usage of available connections: 26% (40/151) [OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 36.0M/18.7M [OK] Key buffer hit rate: 100.0% (245K cached / 105 reads) [OK] Query cache efficiency: 92.5% (500K cached / 541K selects) [!!] Query cache prunes per day: 302886 [OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (1 temp sorts / 15K sorts) [!!] Joins performed without indexes: 12135 [OK] Temporary tables created on disk: 25% (8K on disk / 32K total) [OK] Thread cache hit rate: 90% (1K created / 12K connections) [!!] Table cache hit rate: 17% (400 open / 2K opened) [OK] Open file limit used: 12% (123/1K) [OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 100% (196K immediate / 196K locks) [!!] InnoDB buffer pool / data size: 2.0G/3.5G [OK] InnoDB log waits: 0 -------- Recommendations ----------------------------------------------------- General recommendations: Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance MySQL started within last 24 hours - recommendations may be inaccurate Enable the slow query log to troubleshoot bad queries Adjust your join queries to always utilize indexes Increase table_cache gradually to avoid file descriptor limits Read this before increasing table_cache over 64: http://bit.ly/1mi7c4C Variables to adjust: query_cache_size ( 64M) join_buffer_size ( 128.0K, or always use indexes with joins) table_cache ( 400) innodb_buffer_pool_size (= 3G) Last but not least, the server still has more than 60% of free disk space. Now, based on the above, I have few questions: Are these numbers normal? Do they make sense? Do I need to upgrade the server? If I don't need to upgrade and my configuration is not correct, how do I optimize it?

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• How to get Google Desktop to index searchable pdf's

  - by user4941

  I've got a scanner that converts documents to pdfs. The pdf that gets produced is searchable. However when google desktop indexes the file it doesn't appear to be indexing any of the contents of the pdf (although it is indexing the content of other pdfs on the computer). I believe Google Desktop only indexes pdfs that are searchable and don't have images. Have others found a good way around this problem? I'm trying to get my household and office paperless, and I'd like to just scan in documents and rely on Google Desktop to find stuff.

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• MySQL query, 2 similar servers, 2 minute difference in execution times

  - by mr12086

  I had a similar question on stack overflow, but it seems to be more server/mysql setup related than coding. The queries below all execute instantly on our development server where as they can take upto 2 minutes 20 seconds. The query execution time seems to be affected by home ambiguous the LIKE string's are. If they closely match a country that has few matches it will take less time, and if you use something like 'ge' for germany - it will take longer to execute. But this doesn't always work out like that, at times its quite erratic. Sending data appears to be the culprit but why and what does that mean. Also memory on production looks to be quite low (free memory)? Production: Intel Quad Xeon E3-1220 3.1GHz 4GB DDR3 2x 1TB SATA in RAID1 Network speed 100Mb Ubuntu Development Intel Core i3-2100, 2C/4T, 3.10GHz 500 GB SATA - No RAID 4GB DDR3 UPDATE 2 : mysqltuner output: [prod] -------- General Statistics -------------------------------------------------- [--] Skipped version check for MySQLTuner script [OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.1.61-0ubuntu0.10.04.1 [OK] Operating on 64-bit architecture -------- Storage Engine Statistics ------------------------------------------- [--] Status: +Archive -BDB -Federated +InnoDB -ISAM -NDBCluster [--] Data in MyISAM tables: 103M (Tables: 180) [--] Data in InnoDB tables: 491M (Tables: 19) [!!] Total fragmented tables: 38 -------- Security Recommendations ------------------------------------------- [OK] All database users have passwords assigned -------- Performance Metrics ------------------------------------------------- [--] Up for: 77d 4h 6m 1s (53M q [7.968 qps], 14M conn, TX: 87B, RX: 12B) [--] Reads / Writes: 98% / 2% [--] Total buffers: 58.0M global + 2.7M per thread (151 max threads) [OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 463.8M (11% of installed RAM) [OK] Slow queries: 0% (12K/53M) [OK] Highest usage of available connections: 22% (34/151) [OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 16.0M/10.6M [OK] Key buffer hit rate: 98.7% (162M cached / 2M reads) [OK] Query cache efficiency: 20.7% (7M cached / 36M selects) [!!] Query cache prunes per day: 3934 [OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 1% (3K temp sorts / 230K sorts) [!!] Joins performed without indexes: 71068 [OK] Temporary tables created on disk: 24% (3M on disk / 13M total) [OK] Thread cache hit rate: 99% (690 created / 14M connections) [!!] Table cache hit rate: 0% (64 open / 85M opened) [OK] Open file limit used: 12% (128/1K) [OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 99% (16M immediate / 16M locks) [!!] InnoDB data size / buffer pool: 491.9M/8.0M -------- Recommendations ----------------------------------------------------- General recommendations: Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance Enable the slow query log to troubleshoot bad queries Adjust your join queries to always utilize indexes Increase table_cache gradually to avoid file descriptor limits Variables to adjust: query_cache_size (> 16M) join_buffer_size (> 128.0K, or always use indexes with joins) table_cache (> 64) innodb_buffer_pool_size (>= 491M) [dev] -------- General Statistics -------------------------------------------------- [--] Skipped version check for MySQLTuner script [OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.1.62-0ubuntu0.11.10.1 [!!] Switch to 64-bit OS - MySQL cannot currently use all of your RAM -------- Storage Engine Statistics ------------------------------------------- [--] Status: +Archive -BDB -Federated +InnoDB -ISAM -NDBCluster [--] Data in MyISAM tables: 185M (Tables: 632) [--] Data in InnoDB tables: 967M (Tables: 38) [!!] Total fragmented tables: 73 -------- Security Recommendations ------------------------------------------- [OK] All database users have passwords assigned -------- Performance Metrics ------------------------------------------------- [--] Up for: 1d 2h 26m 9s (5K q [0.058 qps], 1K conn, TX: 4M, RX: 1M) [--] Reads / Writes: 99% / 1% [--] Total buffers: 58.0M global + 2.7M per thread (151 max threads) [OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 463.8M (11% of installed RAM) [OK] Slow queries: 0% (0/5K) [OK] Highest usage of available connections: 1% (2/151) [OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 16.0M/18.6M [OK] Key buffer hit rate: 99.9% (60K cached / 36 reads) [OK] Query cache efficiency: 44.5% (1K cached / 2K selects) [OK] Query cache prunes per day: 0 [OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (0 temp sorts / 44 sorts) [OK] Temporary tables created on disk: 24% (162 on disk / 666 total) [OK] Thread cache hit rate: 99% (2 created / 1K connections) [!!] Table cache hit rate: 1% (64 open / 4K opened) [OK] Open file limit used: 8% (88/1K) [OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 100% (1K immediate / 1K locks) [!!] InnoDB data size / buffer pool: 967.7M/8.0M -------- Recommendations ----------------------------------------------------- General recommendations: Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance Enable the slow query log to troubleshoot bad queries Increase table_cache gradually to avoid file descriptor limits Variables to adjust: table_cache (> 64) innodb_buffer_pool_size (>= 967M) UPDATE 1: When testing the queries listed here there is usually no more than one other query taking place, and usually none. Because production is actually handling apache requests that development gets very few of as it's only myself and 1 other who accesses it - could the 4GB of RAM be getting exhausted by using the single machine for both apache and mysql server? Production: sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 24872 MB in 2.00 seconds = 12450.72 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 368 MB in 3.00 seconds = 122.49 MB/sec sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing cached reads: 24786 MB in 2.00 seconds = 12407.22 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 350 MB in 3.00 seconds = 116.53 MB/sec Server version(mysql + ubuntu versions): 5.1.61-0ubuntu0.10.04.1 Development: sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sda /dev/sda: Timing cached reads: 10632 MB in 2.00 seconds = 5319.40 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 400 MB in 3.01 seconds = 132.85 MB/sec Server version(mysql + ubuntu versions): 5.1.62-0ubuntu0.11.10.1 ORIGINAL DATA : This query is NOT the query in question but is related so ill post it. SELECT f.form_question_has_answer_id FROM form_question_has_answer f INNER JOIN project_company_has_user p ON f.form_question_has_answer_user_id = p.project_company_has_user_user_id INNER JOIN company c ON p.project_company_has_user_company_id = c.company_id INNER JOIN project p2 ON p.project_company_has_user_project_id = p2.project_id INNER JOIN user u ON p.project_company_has_user_user_id = u.user_id INNER JOIN form f2 ON p.project_company_has_user_project_id = f2.form_project_id WHERE (f2.form_template_name = 'custom' AND p.project_company_has_user_garbage_collection = 0 AND p.project_company_has_user_project_id = '29') AND (LCASE(c.company_country) LIKE '%ge%' OR LCASE(c.company_country) LIKE '%abcde%') AND f.form_question_has_answer_form_id = '174' And the explain plan for the above query is, run on both dev and production produce the same plan. +----+-------------+-------+--------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------+------+-------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+-------+--------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------+------+-------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | p2 | const | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | const | 1 | Using index | | 1 | SIMPLE | f | ref | form_question_has_answer_form_id,form_question_has_answer_user_id | form_question_has_answer_form_id | 4 | const | 796 | Using where | | 1 | SIMPLE | u | eq_ref | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | new_klarents.f.form_question_has_answer_user_id | 1 | Using index | | 1 | SIMPLE | p | ref | project_company_has_user_unique_key,project_company_has_user_user_id,project_company_has_user_company_id,project_company_has_user_project_id | project_company_has_user_user_id | 4 | new_klarents.f.form_question_has_answer_user_id | 1 | Using where | | 1 | SIMPLE | f2 | ref | form_project_id | form_project_id | 4 | const | 15 | Using where | | 1 | SIMPLE | c | eq_ref | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | new_klarents.p.project_company_has_user_company_id | 1 | Using where | +----+-------------+-------+--------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------+------+-------------+ This query takes 2 minutes ~20 seconds to execute. The query that is ACTUALLY being run on the server is this one: SELECT COUNT(*) AS num_results FROM (SELECT f.form_question_has_answer_id FROM form_question_has_answer f INNER JOIN project_company_has_user p ON f.form_question_has_answer_user_id = p.project_company_has_user_user_id INNER JOIN company c ON p.project_company_has_user_company_id = c.company_id INNER JOIN project p2 ON p.project_company_has_user_project_id = p2.project_id INNER JOIN user u ON p.project_company_has_user_user_id = u.user_id INNER JOIN form f2 ON p.project_company_has_user_project_id = f2.form_project_id WHERE (f2.form_template_name = 'custom' AND p.project_company_has_user_garbage_collection = 0 AND p.project_company_has_user_project_id = '29') AND (LCASE(c.company_country) LIKE '%ge%' OR LCASE(c.company_country) LIKE '%abcde%') AND f.form_question_has_answer_form_id = '174' GROUP BY f.form_question_has_answer_id;) dctrn_count_query; With explain plans (again same on dev and production): +----+-------------+-------+--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+-------+--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+ | 1 | PRIMARY | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | Select tables optimized away | | 2 | DERIVED | p2 | const | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | | 1 | Using index | | 2 | DERIVED | f | ref | form_question_has_answer_form_id,form_question_has_answer_user_id | form_question_has_answer_form_id | 4 | | 797 | Using where | | 2 | DERIVED | p | ref | project_company_has_user_unique_key,project_company_has_user_user_id,project_company_has_user_company_id,project_company_has_user_project_id,project_company_has_user_garbage_collection | project_company_has_user_user_id | 4 | new_klarents.f.form_question_has_answer_user_id | 1 | Using where | | 2 | DERIVED | f2 | ref | form_project_id | form_project_id | 4 | | 15 | Using where | | 2 | DERIVED | c | eq_ref | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | new_klarents.p.project_company_has_user_company_id | 1 | Using where | | 2 | DERIVED | u | eq_ref | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | new_klarents.p.project_company_has_user_user_id | 1 | Using where; Using index | +----+-------------+-------+--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------+----------------------------------------------------+------+------------------------------+ On the production server the information I have is as follows. Upon execution: +-------------+ | num_results | +-------------+ | 3 | +-------------+ 1 row in set (2 min 14.28 sec) Show profile: +--------------------------------+------------+ | Status | Duration | +--------------------------------+------------+ | starting | 0.000016 | | checking query cache for query | 0.000057 | | Opening tables | 0.004388 | | System lock | 0.000003 | | Table lock | 0.000036 | | init | 0.000030 | | optimizing | 0.000016 | | statistics | 0.000111 | | preparing | 0.000022 | | executing | 0.000004 | | Sorting result | 0.000002 | | Sending data | 136.213836 | | end | 0.000007 | | query end | 0.000002 | | freeing items | 0.004273 | | storing result in query cache | 0.000010 | | logging slow query | 0.000001 | | logging slow query | 0.000002 | | cleaning up | 0.000002 | +--------------------------------+------------+ On development the results are as follows. +-------------+ | num_results | +-------------+ | 3 | +-------------+ 1 row in set (0.08 sec) Again the profile for this query: +--------------------------------+----------+ | Status | Duration | +--------------------------------+----------+ | starting | 0.000022 | | checking query cache for query | 0.000148 | | Opening tables | 0.000025 | | System lock | 0.000008 | | Table lock | 0.000101 | | optimizing | 0.000035 | | statistics | 0.001019 | | preparing | 0.000047 | | executing | 0.000008 | | Sorting result | 0.000005 | | Sending data | 0.086565 | | init | 0.000015 | | optimizing | 0.000006 | | executing | 0.000020 | | end | 0.000004 | | query end | 0.000004 | | freeing items | 0.000028 | | storing result in query cache | 0.000005 | | removing tmp table | 0.000008 | | closing tables | 0.000008 | | logging slow query | 0.000002 | | cleaning up | 0.000005 | +--------------------------------+----------+ If i remove user and/or project innerjoins the query is reduced to 30s. Last bit of information I have: Mysqlserver and Apache are on the same box, there is only one box for production. Production output from top: before & after. top - 15:43:25 up 78 days, 12:11, 4 users, load average: 1.42, 0.99, 0.78 Tasks: 162 total, 2 running, 160 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.1%us, 50.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 49.5%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4037868k total, 3772580k used, 265288k free, 243704k buffers Swap: 3905528k total, 265384k used, 3640144k free, 1207944k cached top - 15:44:31 up 78 days, 12:13, 4 users, load average: 1.94, 1.23, 0.87 Tasks: 160 total, 2 running, 157 sleeping, 0 stopped, 1 zombie Cpu(s): 0.2%us, 50.6%sy, 0.0%ni, 49.3%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4037868k total, 3834300k used, 203568k free, 243736k buffers Swap: 3905528k total, 265384k used, 3640144k free, 1207804k cached But this isn't a good representation of production's normal status so here is a grab of it from today outside of executing the queries. top - 11:04:58 up 79 days, 7:33, 4 users, load average: 0.39, 0.58, 0.76 Tasks: 156 total, 1 running, 155 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 3.3%us, 2.8%sy, 0.0%ni, 93.9%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4037868k total, 3676136k used, 361732k free, 271480k buffers Swap: 3905528k total, 268736k used, 3636792k free, 1063432k cached Development: This one doesn't change during or after. top - 15:47:07 up 110 days, 22:11, 7 users, load average: 0.17, 0.07, 0.06 Tasks: 210 total, 2 running, 208 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.1%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 99.7%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4111972k total, 1821100k used, 2290872k free, 238860k buffers Swap: 4183036k total, 66472k used, 4116564k free, 921072k cached

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• "Directory index forbidden by Options directive" when deleting or renaming folders through webdav

  - by sandwiches

  I am trying to delete folders through webdav but all I get is 403 on the client and "Directory index forbidden by Options directive" in the Apache error log. I enabled "options indexes" for the folder and I stopped getting the errors in either the client or the log, but I still can't rename or delete folders through webdav. Any ideas why I'm unable to edit folders through webdav? I am running WAMP, default installation with Apache 2.2.17. I can connect, create files, delete files, rename them, etc. I can create folders but not delete them or rename them, once they're created. On the access log, whenever I try to delete, I get this: "DELETE /uploads/shahs HTTP/1.1" 301 243 On the error log, I get: Directory index forbidden by Options directive: The Webdav client gives a 403 when trying to delete or rename folders. Once, I added "options indexes," I stopped getting the error message in the Apache error log and the 403 on the webdav client, but now, deleting or renaming does nothing. No error messages, but nothing happens, at all.

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• Apache 2 UserDir for only one VirtualHost

  - by dentarg

  Is it possible to enable the UserDir Directive for just one VirtualHost rather than have it on for all and then disable it (with "UserDir disable") for each VirtualHost you don't want it on? I have tried by putting this inside a <VirtualHost> and comment out everything in the global config (/etc/apache2/conf.d/userdir.conf). No luck though. <IfModule mod_userdir.c> UserDir public.www UserDir disabled root <Directory /home/*/public.www> AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit Indexes Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec <Limit GET POST OPTIONS> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Limit> <LimitExcept GET POST OPTIONS> Order deny,allow Deny from all </LimitExcept> </Directory> </IfModule>

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• .htaccess does not ask the password

  - by Sarp Kaya

  I am using Ubuntu 12.04 and trying to use .htaccess on a page with apache2 server on it. My .htaccess file looks like this: AuthType Basic AuthName "Password Required" AuthBasicProvider file AuthUserFile /home/janeb/.htpasswd require valid-user /home/janeb/.htpasswd file is: inb351:$apr1$Ya4tzYvr$KCs3eyK1O2/c7Q9zRcwn.. and /etc/apache2/sites-available/default file is : UserDir public_html <Directory ~ "public_html/.*"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> I restarted apache. I have tried to change require valid-user to require user inb351. Still no luck. I also tried AllowOverride with AuthConfig and AuthConfig Indexes. So I don't know what else to do, and yes every step that I have tried I restarted apache.

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• .htaccess rewrite issue

  - by Jessica

  Below is my .htaccess file for my website on shared hosting - I'm attempting to send all requests to index.php with parameter 'q' where I wish to parse data etc... unless it's an existing file or directory. So my issue, if I attempt to browse to an actual directory expecting to get an unauthorized notice (options -Indexes) it sends me to my index.php and I also noticed that print_r($_GET) it gives me this: Array ( [q] => 403.shtml ) AddDefaultCharset UTF-8 Options -Indexes +FollowSymLinks <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^$ RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC] RewriteCond %{HTTPS}s ^on(s)| RewriteRule ^ http%1://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [R=301,L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?q=$1 [L,QSA] </IfModule> Help would be much appreciated if possible :)

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• 2 virtual domains: one on port 80 one on port 8080, how?

  - by Simone

  I've been struggling with this, basically what I want is this: A virtual domain to run on the 80 another virtual domain to run FROM 80 TO 8080 what I've done so far is trying different combinations with apache, but all i got is having all the virtual domains pointing to port 80 this is my conf: <VirtualHost domain1.com:80> DocumentRoot /var/www/domain1 <Directory "/var/www/domain1"> allow from all Options +Indexes </Directory> ServerName domain1.com </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost server.domain2.com:80> DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory "/var/www"> allow from all Options +Indexes </Directory> ServerName server.domain2.com ServerAlias www.server.domain2.com ProxyPass / http://server.domain2.com:8080/ </VirtualHost> suggestions? :(

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• Can someone help me compare using F# over C# in this specific example (IP Address expressions)?

  - by Phobis

  So, I am writing code to parse and IP Address expression and turn it into a regular expression that could be run against and IP Address string and return a boolean response. I wrote the code in C# (OO) and it was 110 lines of code. I am trying to compare the amount of code and the expressiveness of C# to F# (I am a C# programmer and a noob at F#). I don't want to post both the C# and F#, just because I don't want to clutter the post. If needed, I will do so. Anyway, I will give an example. Here is an expression: 192.168.0.250,244-248,108,51,7;127.0.0.1 I would like to take that and turn it into this regular expression: ((192.168.0.(250|244|245|246|247|248|108|51|7))|(127.0.0.1)) Here are some steps I am following: Operations: Break by ";" 192.168.0.250,244-248,108,51,7 127.0.0.1 Break by "." 192 168 0 250,244-248,108,51,7 Break by "," 250 244-248 108 51 7 Break by "-" 244 248 I came up with F# that produces the output. I am trying to forward-pipe through my operations listed above, as I think that would be more expressive. Can anyone make this code better? Teach me something :) open System let createItemArray (group:bool) (y:char) (items:string[]) = [| let indexes = items.Length - 1 let group = indexes > 0 && group if group then yield "(" for i in 0 .. indexes do yield items.[i].ToString() if i < indexes then yield y.ToString() if group then yield ")" |] let breakBy (group:bool) (x:string) (y:char): string[] = x.Split(y) |> createItemArray group y let breakItem (x:string) (y:char): string[] = breakBy false x y let breakGroup (x:string) (y:char): string[] = breakBy true x y let AddressExpression address:string = let builder = new System.Text.StringBuilder "(" breakGroup address ';' |> Array.collect (fun octet -> breakItem octet '.') |> Array.collect (fun options -> breakGroup options ',') |> Array.collect (fun (ranges : string) -> match (breakGroup ranges '-') with | x when x.Length > 3 -> match (Int32.TryParse(x.[1]), Int32.TryParse(x.[3])) with | ((true, a) ,(true, b)) -> [|a .. b|] |> Array.map (int >> string) |> createItemArray false '-' | _ -> [|ranges|] | _ -> [|ranges|] ) |> Array.iter (fun item -> match item with | ";" -> builder.Append ")|(" | "." -> builder.Append "\." | "," | "-" -> builder.Append "|" | _ -> builder.Append item |> ignore ) builder.Append(")").ToString() let address = "192.168.0.250,244-248,108,51,7;127.0.0.1" AddressExpression address

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