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  • Apache2 unable to start: private key not found

    - by user3161330
    today I edited some vhosts in my Apache installation and when I tried to restart it I got this error: [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] Init: Private key not found [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 218529960 error:0D0680A8:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_CHECK_TLEN:wrong tag [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 218640442 error:0D08303A:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_TEMPLATE_NOEXP_D2I:nested asn1 error [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 218529960 error:0D0680A8:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_CHECK_TLEN:wrong tag [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 218595386 error:0D07803A:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_ITEM_EX_D2I:nested asn1 error [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 67710980 error:04093004:rsa routines:OLD_RSA_PRIV_DECODE:RSA lib [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 218529960 error:0D0680A8:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_CHECK_TLEN:wrong tag [Sun Jun 08 15:20:19 2014] [error] SSL Library Error: 218595386 error:0D07803A:asn1 encoding routines:ASN1_ITEM_EX_D2I:nested asn1 error I have tried to generate new self signed certificates issuing this command: openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout server.cert.key -out server.cert.crt but the error still exists. The private key chmod is 600, and if I open it with nano looks, fine. I'm running Apache2 on a debian 7 machine.

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  • Google OAuthGetRequestToken returns "signature_invalid"

    - by M Schenkel
    Trying for hours to get a request token using Google OAuthGetRequestToken but it always returns "signature_invalid". For a test I use the oAuth Playground to successfully request the token. Here are the results: Signature base string GET&https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Faccounts%2FOAuthGetRequestToken&oauth_callback%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fgooglecodesamples.com%252Foauth_playground%252Findex.php%26oauth_consumer_key%3Dwww.embeddedanalytics.com%26oauth_nonce%3D56aa884162ed21815a0406725c79cf79%26oauth_signature_method%3DRSA-SHA1%26oauth_timestamp%3D1321417095%26oauth_version%3D1.0%26scope%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.google.com%252Fanalytics%252Ffeeds%252F Request/Response GET /accounts/OAuthGetRequestToken?scope=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fanalytics%2Ffeeds%2F HTTP/1.1 Host: www.google.com Accept: */* Authorization: OAuth oauth_version="1.0", oauth_nonce="56aa884162ed21815a0406725c79cf79", oauth_timestamp="1321417095", oauth_consumer_key="www.embeddedanalytics.com", oauth_callback="http%3A%2F%2Fgooglecodesamples.com%2Foauth_playground%2Findex.php", oauth_signature_method="RSA-SHA1", oauth_signature="qRtorIaSFaQdOXW1u6eMQlY9LT2j7ThG5kgkcD6rDcW4MIvzluslFgYRNTuRvnaruraNpItjojtgsrK9deYRKoHBGOlU27SsWy6jECxKczcSECl3cVAcjk7dvbywFMDkgi1ZhTZ5Q%2BFoD60HoVQUYnGUbOO0jPXI48LfkiA5ZN4%3D" HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Date: Wed, 16 Nov 2011 04:18:15 GMT Expires: Wed, 16 Nov 2011 04:18:15 GMT Cache-Control: private, max-age=0 X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block Content-Length: 118 Server: GSE oauth_token=4%2FmO86qZzixayI2NoUc-hewC--D53R&oauth_token_secret=r0PReF9D83w1d6uP0nyQQm9c&oauth_callback_confirmed=true I am using Fiddler to trace my calls. It returns the Signature base string: GET&https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Faccounts%2FOAuthGetRequestToken&oauth_callback%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fgooglecodesamples.com%252Foauth_playground%252Findex.php%26oauth_consumer_key%3Dwww.embeddedanalytics.com%26oauth_nonce%3Dl9Jydzjyzt2fJfM3ltY5yrxxYy2uh1U7%26oauth_signature_method%3DRSA-SHA1%26oauth_timestamp%3D1321417107%26oauth_version%3D1.0%26scope%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.google.com%252Fanalytics%252Ffeeds%252F Aside from the oauth_timestamp and oauth_nonce (which should be different), the base string are pretty much identical. Anyone know what I am doing wrong? Update 11/20/2011 Thinking it might be something wrong with my RSA-SHA signing, I have since tried HMAC-SHA. It gives the same results. I thought it might be beneficial to include the Fiddler results (I added carriage returns to have it format better). GET https://www.google.com/accounts/OAuthGetRequestToken? scope=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fanalytics%2Ffeeds%2F HTTP/1.1 Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Authorization: OAuth oauth_version="1.0", oauth_nonce="7C4C900EAACC9C7B62E399A91B81D8DC", oauth_timestamp="1321845418", oauth_consumer_key="www.embeddedanalytics.com", oauth_signature_method="HMAC-SHA1", oauth_signature="ows%2BbFTNSR8jVZo53rGBB8%2BfwFM%3D" Host: www.google.com Accept: */* Accept-Encoding: identity Response HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Date: Mon, 21 Nov 2011 03:16:57 GMT Expires: Mon, 21 Nov 2011 03:16:57 GMT Cache-Control: private, max-age=0 X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block Content-Length: 358 Server: GSE signature_invalid base_string:GET&https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Faccounts%2FOAuthGetRequestToken &oauth_consumer_key%3Dwww.embeddedanalytics.com %26oauth_nonce%3D7C4C900EAACC9C7B62E399A91B81D8DC %26oauth_signature_method%3DHMAC-SHA1 %26oauth_timestamp%3D1321845418 %26oauth_version%3D1.0 %26scope%3Dhttps%253A%252F%252Fwww.google.com%252Fanalytics%252Ffeeds%252F

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  • sed - trying to replace first occurrence after a match

    - by wakkaluba
    I am facing a situation that drives me nuts. I am setting up an update server which uses a json file. Don't ask why or how, it sucks and is my only possibility to achieve it. I have been trying and researching for HOURS (many) because I went ballistic and wanted to crack this on my own. But I have to realize I got stuck and need help. So sorry for this chunk but I think it is somewhat important to see... The file is a one liner and repeating the following sequence with changing values (of course). "plugin_name_foo_bar": {"buildDate": "bla", "dependencies": [{"name": "bla", "optional": true, "version": "1.00"}], "developers": [{"developerId": "bla", "email": "[email protected]", "name": "Bla bla2nd"}], "excerpt": "some text {excerpt} !bla.png|thumbnail,border=1! ", "gav": "bla", "labels": ["report", "scm-related"], "name": "plugin_name_foo_bar", "previousTimestamp": "bla", "previousVersion": "1.0", "releaseTimestamp": "bla", "requiredCore": "1", "scm": "github.com", "sha1": "ynnBM2jWo25ZLDdP3ybBOnV/Pio=", "title": "bla", "url": "http://bla.org", "version": "1.0", "wiki": "https://bla.org"}, "Exclusion": {"buildDate": "bla", "dependencies": [], and the next plugin block is glued straight afterwards. What I now want to do is to search for "plugin_foo_bar": {" as this is the unique identifier for a new plugin description block. I want to replace the first sha1 value occuring afterwards. That's where I keep failing. I always grab the first,last or any occurrence in the entire file and not the block :( "title" is the unique identifier after the sha1 value. So I tried to make the .* less greedy but it ain't working out. last attempt was heading towards: sed -i 's/("name": "plugin_name_foo_bar.*sha1": ")([a-zA-Z0-9!@#\$%^&*()\[\]]*)(", "title"\)/\1blablabla\2/1' default.json to find the sha1 value of that plugin but still no joy. I hope someone knows - preferably a simpler approach - before I now continue with trial and error until I have to puke and freakout. I am working with SED on Windows, so Unix approach might help me to figure out how to achieve this in batch but please make it as one-liner if possible. Scripts are a real pain to convert. And I just need SED and no other solution with other tools like AWK. That is absolutely out of discussion. Any help is appreciated :) Cheers Jan

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  • How could I stop ssh offering a wrong key?

    - by Alvaro Maceda
    (This is a problem with ssh, not gitolite) I've configured gitolite on my home server (ubuntu 12.04 server, open-ssh). I want an special identityfile to administer the repositories, so I need to access throught ssh to my own host ussing two different identity keys. This is the content of my .ssh/config file: Host gitadmin.gammu.com User git IdentityFile /home/alvaro/.ssh/id_gitolite_mantra Host git.gammu.com User git IdentityFile /home/alvaro/.ssh/id_alvaro_mantra This is the content of my hosts file: # Git 127.0.0.1 gitadmin.gammu.com 127.0.0.1 git.gammu.com So I should be able to communicate with gitolite this way to access with the "normal" account: $ssh git.gammu.com and this way to access with the administrative account: $ssh gitadmin.gammu.com When I try to access with the normal account, all is ok: alvaro@mantra:~/.ssh$ ssh git.gammu.com PTY allocation request failed on channel 0 hello alvaro, this is gitolite 2.2-1 (Debian) running on git 1.7.9.5 the gitolite config gives you the following access: @R_ @W_ testing Connection to git.gammu.com closed. When I do the same with the administrative account: alvaro@mantra:~$ ssh gitadmin.gammu.com PTY allocation request failed on channel 0 hello alvaro, this is gitolite 2.2-1 (Debian) running on git 1.7.9.5 the gitolite config gives you the following access: @R_ @W_ testing Connection to gitadmin.gammu.com closed. It should show the administrative repository. If I launch ssh with verbose option: ssh -vvv gitadmin.gammu.com ... debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /home/alvaro/.ssh/id_alvaro_mantra (0x7f7cb6c0fbc0) debug2: key: /home/alvaro/.ssh/id_gitolite_mantra (0x7f7cb6c044d0) debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/alvaro/.ssh/id_alvaro_mantra debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-rsa blen 279 ... It's offering the key id_alvaro_mantra, and it should'nt!! The same happens when I specify the key with the -i option: ssh -i /home/alvaro/.ssh/id_gitolite_mantra -vvv gitadmin.gammu.com ... debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /home/alvaro/.ssh/id_alvaro_mantra (0x7fa365237f90) debug2: key: /home/alvaro/.ssh/id_gitolite_mantra (0x7fa365230550) debug2: key: /home/alvaro/.ssh/id_gitolite_mantra (0x7fa365231050) debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/alvaro/.ssh/id_alvaro_mantra debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-rsa blen 279 debug2: input_userauth_pk_ok: fp 36:b1:43:36:af:4f:00:e5:e1:39:50:7e:07:80:14:26 debug3: sign_and_send_pubkey: RSA 36:b1:43:36:af:4f:00:e5:e1:39:50:7e:07:80:14:26 debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey). ... What the hell is happening??? I'm missing something, but I can't find what. These are the contents of my home dir: -rw-rw-r-- 1 alvaro alvaro 395 nov 14 18:00 authorized_keys -rw-rw-r-- 1 alvaro alvaro 326 nov 21 10:21 config -rw------- 1 alvaro alvaro 137 nov 20 20:26 environment -rw------- 1 alvaro alvaro 1766 nov 20 21:41 id_alvaromaceda.es -rw-r--r-- 1 alvaro alvaro 404 nov 20 21:41 id_alvaromaceda.es.pub -rw------- 1 alvaro alvaro 1766 nov 14 17:59 id_alvaro_mantra -rw-r--r-- 1 alvaro alvaro 395 nov 14 17:59 id_alvaro_mantra.pub -rw------- 1 alvaro alvaro 771 nov 14 18:03 id_developer_mantra -rw------- 1 alvaro alvaro 1679 nov 20 12:37 id_dos_pruebasgit -rw-r--r-- 1 alvaro alvaro 395 nov 20 12:37 id_dos_pruebasgit.pub -rw------- 1 alvaro alvaro 1679 nov 20 12:46 id_gitolite_mantra -rw-r--r-- 1 alvaro alvaro 397 nov 20 12:46 id_gitolite_mantra.pub -rw------- 1 alvaro alvaro 1675 nov 20 21:44 id_gitpruebas.es -rw-r--r-- 1 alvaro alvaro 408 nov 20 21:44 id_gitpruebas.es.pub -rw------- 1 alvaro alvaro 1679 nov 20 12:34 id_uno_pruebasgit -rw-r--r-- 1 alvaro alvaro 395 nov 20 12:34 id_uno_pruebasgit.pub -rw-r--r-- 1 alvaro alvaro 2434 nov 21 10:11 known_hosts There are a bunch of other keys which aren't offered... why id_alvaro_mantra is offered and not the other keys? I can't understand. I need some help, don't know where to look....

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  • Map large integer to a phrase

    - by Alexander Gladysh
    I have a large and "unique" integer (actually a SHA1 hash). I want (for no other reason than to have fun) to find an algorithm to convert that SHA1 hash to a (pseudo-)English phrase. The conversion should be reversible (i.e., knowing the algorithm, one must be able to convert the phrase back to SHA1 hash.) The possible usage of the generated phrase: the human readable version of Git commit ID, like a motto for a given program version (which is built from that commit). (As I said, this is "for fun". I don't claim that this is very practical — or be much more readable than the SHA1 itself.) A better algorithm would produce shorter, more natural-looking, more unique phrases. The phrase need not make sense. I would even settle for a whole paragraph of nonsense. (Though quality — englishness — of a paragraph should probably be better than for a mere phrase.) A variation: it is OK if I will be able to work only with a part of hash. Say, first six digits is OK. Possible approach: In the past I've attempted to build a probability table (of words), and generate phrases as Markov chains, seeding the generator (picking branches from probability tree), according to the bits I read from the SHA. This was not very successful, the resulting phrases were too long and ugly. I'm not sure if this was a bug, or the general flaw in the algorithm, since I had to abandon it early enough. Now I'm thinking about attempting to solve the problem once again. Any advice on how to approach this? Do you think Markov chain approach can work here? Something else?

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  • Help with java threads or executors: Executing several MySQL selects, inserts and updates simmultane

    - by Martin
    Hi. I'm writing an application to analyse a MySQL database, and I need to execute several DMLs simmultaneously; for example: // In ResultSet rsA: Select * from A; rsA.beforeFirst(); while (rsA.next()) { id = rsA.getInt("id"); // Retrieve data from table B: Select * from B where B.Id=" + id; // Crunch some numbers using the data from B // Close resultset B } I'm declaring an array of data objects, each with its own Connection to the database, which in turn calls several methods for the data analysis. The problem is all threads use the same connection, thus all tasks throw exceptios: "Lock wait timeout exceeded; try restarting transaction" I believe there is a way to write the code in such a way that any given object has its own connection and executes the required tasks independent from any other object. For example: DataObject dataObject[0] = new DataObject(id[0]); DataObject dataObject[1] = new DataObject(id[1]); DataObject dataObject[2] = new DataObject(id[2]); ... DataObject dataObject[N] = new DataObject(id[N]); // The 'DataObject' class has its own connection to the database, // so each instance of the object should use its own connection. // It also has a "run" method, which contains all the tasks required. Executor ex = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10); for(i=0;i<=N;i++) { ex.execute(dataObject[i]); } // Here where the problem is: Each instance creates a new connection, // but every DML from any of the objects is cluttered in just one connection // (in MySQL command line, "SHOW PROCESSLIST;" throws every connection, and all but // one are idle). Can you point me in the right direction? Thanks

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  • Interesting articles and blogs on SPARC T4

    - by mv
    Interesting articles and blogs on SPARC T4 processor   I have consolidated all the interesting information I could get on SPARC T4 processor and its hardware cryptographic capabilities.  Hope its useful. 1. Advantages of SPARC T4 processor  Most important points in this T4 announcement are : "The SPARC T4 processor was designed from the ground up for high speed security and has a cryptographic stream processing unit (SPU) integrated directly into each processor core. These accelerators support 16 industry standard security ciphers and enable high speed encryption at rates 3 to 5 times that of competing processors. By integrating encryption capabilities directly inside the instruction pipeline, the SPARC T4 processor eliminates the performance and cost barriers typically associated with secure computing and makes it possible to deliver high security levels without impacting the user experience." Data Sheet has more details on these  : "New on-chip Encryption Instruction Accelerators with direct non-privileged support for 16 industry-standard cryptographic algorithms plus random number generation in each of the eight cores: AES, Camellia, CRC32c, DES, 3DES, DH, DSA, ECC, Kasumi, MD5, RSA, SHA-1, SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512" I ran "isainfo -v" command on Solaris 11 Sparc T4-1 system. It shows the new instructions as expected  : $ isainfo -v 64-bit sparcv9 applications crc32c cbcond pause mont mpmul sha512 sha256 sha1 md5 camellia kasumi des aes ima hpc vis3 fmaf asi_blk_init vis2 vis popc 32-bit sparc applications crc32c cbcond pause mont mpmul sha512 sha256 sha1 md5 camellia kasumi des aes ima hpc vis3 fmaf asi_blk_init vis2 vis popc v8plus div32 mul32  2.  Dan Anderson's Blog have some interesting points about how these can be used : "New T4 crypto instructions include: aes_kexpand0, aes_kexpand1, aes_kexpand2,         aes_eround01, aes_eround23, aes_eround01_l, aes_eround_23_l, aes_dround01, aes_dround23, aes_dround01_l, aes_dround_23_l.       Having SPARC T4 hardware crypto instructions is all well and good, but how do we access it ?      The software is available with Solaris 11 and is used automatically if you are running Solaris a SPARC T4.  It is used internally in the kernel through kernel crypto modules.  It is available in user space through the PKCS#11 library." 3.   Dans' Blog on Where's the Crypto Libraries? Although this was written in 2009 but still is very useful  "Here's a brief tour of the major crypto libraries shown in the digraph:   The libpkcs11 library contains the PKCS#11 API (C_\*() functions, such as C_Initialize()). That in turn calls library pkcs11_softtoken or pkcs11_kernel, for userland or kernel crypto providers. The latter is used mostly for hardware-assisted cryptography (such as n2cp for Niagara2 SPARC processors), as that is performed more efficiently in kernel space with the "kCF" module (Kernel Crypto Framework). Additionally, for Solaris 10, strong crypto algorithms were split off in separate libraries, pkcs11_softtoken_extra libcryptoutil contains low-level utility functions to help implement cryptography. libsoftcrypto (OpenSolaris and Solaris Nevada only) implements several symmetric-key crypto algorithms in software, such as AES, RC4, and DES3, and the bignum library (used for RSA). libmd implements MD5, SHA, and SHA2 message digest algorithms" 4. Difference in T3 and T4 Diagram in this blog is good and self explanatory. Jeff's blog also highlights the differences  "The T4 servers have improved crypto acceleration, described at https://blogs.oracle.com/DanX/entry/sparc_t4_openssl_engine. It is "just built in" so administrators no longer have to assign crypto accelerator units to domains - it "just happens". Every physical or virtual CPU on a SPARC-T4 has full access to hardware based crypto acceleration at all times. .... For completeness sake, it's worth noting that the T4 adds more crypto algorithms, and accelerates Camelia, CRC32c, and more SHA-x." 5. About performance counters In this blog, performance counters are explained : "Note that unlike T3 and before, T4 crypto doesn't require kernel modules like ncp or n2cp, there is no visibility of crypto hardware with kstats or cryptoadm. T4 does provide hardware counters for crypto operations.  You can see these using cpustat: cpustat -c pic0=Instr_FGU_crypto 5 You can check the general crypto support of the hardware and OS with the command "isainfo -v". Since T4 crypto's implementation now allows direct userland access, there are no "crypto units" visible to cryptoadm.  " For more details refer Martin's blog as well. 6. How to turn off  SPARC T4 or Intel AES-NI crypto acceleration  I found this interesting blog from Darren about how to turn off  SPARC T4 or Intel AES-NI crypto acceleration. "One of the new Solaris 11 features of the linker/loader is the ability to have a single ELF object that has multiple different implementations of the same functions that are selected at runtime based on the capabilities of the machine.   The alternate to this is having the application coded to call getisax(2) system call and make the choice itself.  We use this functionality of the linker/loader when we build the userland libraries for the Solaris Cryptographic Framework (specifically libmd.so and libsoftcrypto.so) The Solaris linker/loader allows control of a lot of its functionality via environment variables, we can use that to control the version of the cryptographic functions we run.  To do this we simply export the LD_HWCAP environment variable with values that tell ld.so.1 to not select the HWCAP section matching certain features even if isainfo says they are present.  This will work for consumers of the Solaris Cryptographic Framework that use the Solaris PKCS#11 libraries or use libmd.so interfaces directly.  For SPARC T4 : export LD_HWCAP="-aes -des -md5 -sha256 -sha512 -mont -mpul" .. For Intel systems with AES-NI support: export LD_HWCAP="-aes"" Note that LD_HWCAP is explained in  http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E23823_01/html/816-5165/ld.so.1-1.html "LD_HWCAP, LD_HWCAP_32, and LD_HWCAP_64 -  Identifies an alternative hardware capabilities value... A “-” prefix results in the capabilities that follow being removed from the alternative capabilities." 7. Whitepaper on SPARC T4 Servers—Optimized for End-to-End Data Center Computing This Whitepaper on SPARC T4 Servers—Optimized for End-to-End Data Center Computing explains more details.  It has DTrace scripts which may come in handy : "To ensure the hardware-assisted cryptographic acceleration is configured to use and working with the security scenarios, it is recommended to use the following Solaris DTrace script. #!/usr/sbin/dtrace -s pid$1:libsoftcrypto:yf*:entry, pid$target:libsoftcrypto:rsa*:entry, pid$1:libmd:yf*:entry { @[probefunc] = count(); } tick-1sec { printa(@ops); trunc(@ops); }" Note that I have slightly modified the D Script to have RSA "libsoftcrypto:rsa*:entry" as well as per recommendations from Chi-Chang Lin. 8. References http://www.oracle.com/us/corporate/features/sparc-t4-announcement-494846.html http://www.oracle.com/us/products/servers-storage/servers/sparc-enterprise/t-series/sparc-t4-1-ds-487858.pdf https://blogs.oracle.com/DanX/entry/sparc_t4_openssl_engine https://blogs.oracle.com/DanX/entry/where_s_the_crypto_libraries https://blogs.oracle.com/darren/entry/howto_turn_off_sparc_t4 http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E23823_01/html/816-5165/ld.so.1-1.html   https://blogs.oracle.com/hardware/entry/unleash_the_power_of_cryptography https://blogs.oracle.com/cmt/entry/t4_crypto_cheat_sheet https://blogs.oracle.com/martinm/entry/t4_performance_counters_explained  https://blogs.oracle.com/jsavit/entry/no_mau_required_on_a http://www.oracle.com/us/products/servers-storage/servers/sparc-enterprise/t-series/sparc-t4-business-wp-524472.pdf

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  • opendkim reporting read private key failed: no start line

    - by Bob
    I've set up keys with the following: opendkim-genkey -t -s mail -d test.com The private key (pertinent to this question) contains: -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- (some stuff here) -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY----- My opendkim.conf contains: Domain test.com KeyFile /etc/opendkim/dkim.private Selector mail I am then testing with: opendkim-testkey -d test.com -s mail -k /etc/mail/dkim.public Yet receive the following error: opendkim-testkey: PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey() failed error:0906D06C:PEM routines:PEM_read_bio:no start line The files exist and have opendkim as the user and group, and adequate permissions. Has anyone any advice?

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  • Recommend software: File checksum calculator

    - by Johnny W
    Hi, I'm looking for a light, fast hash/checksum calculator (eg. MD5, SHA1, etc.). I've been using HashCalc and it works fine enough, but I was wondering if there was something better. When downloading .ISOs from MS BizSpark, I've found that it's essential to check the SHA1, and I'm sure that other people have found the same... So what's the defacto, light, fast, simple app that does the job? :) Thanks for any recommendations.

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  • Linux scp command issue

    - by George2
    Hello everyone, I am using scp command to copy file from a MacBook Pro OS X 10.5 to another Linux box (Red Hat Linux Enterprise 5). I am using the following command on Mac, sudo scp ~/.ssh/mykey.rsa [email protected], there is no output from Mac command line. I am not sure whether the scp is success or not. Where is the location the file mykey.rsa on remote computer 10.10.100.101? thanks in advance, George

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  • Tutorial for configuring OpenVPN [on hold]

    - by user2699451
    I have been through 10+ tutorials on setting up a OpenVPN, and each tutorial gives a different problem... Does anyone know of a decent and helpful website/tutorial which I could go to to get it set up? I have been battling through it for almost 2 months now. Yes, I have also bugged forums.openvpn, but I think I have "reached my post limit" with them. I have to configure it remotely via ssh. UPDATE: okay, I have been asked to be more clear on the topic I followed this tutorial (as a example) - http://www.servermom.com/how-to-build-openvpn-server-on-centos-6-x/732/ I had no issues setting up, etc. except when I boot into windows and run the OpenVPN GUI Client, it connects and gives this error: WARNING: Bad encapsulated packet length from peer (21331), which must be 0 and <= 1576 -- please ensure that --tun-mtu or --link-mtu is equal on both peers -- this condition could also indicate a possible active attack on the TCP link -- [Attemping restart...] Here is my server config: port 1194 #- port proto udp #- protocol dev tun tun-mtu 1500 tun-mtu-extra 32 mssfix 1450 reneg-sec 0 ca /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/dh1024.pem plugin /usr/lib64/openvpn/plugin/lib/openvpn-auth-pam.so /etc/pam.d/login #- Co$ #plugin /etc/openvpn/radiusplugin.so /etc/openvpn/radiusplugin.cnf #- Uncomment$ client-cert-not-required username-as-common-name server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 push "redirect-gateway def1" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.4.4" keepalive 5 30 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status 1194.log verb 3 and my client config: client dev tun proto udp remote [server ip] 1194 # - Your server IP and OpenVPN Port resolv-retry infinite nobind tun-mtu 1500 tun-mtu-extra 32 mssfix 1450 persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt auth-user-pass comp-lzo reneg-sec 0 verb 3 OpenVPN Client Log: Thu Oct 31 11:51:29 2013 OpenVPN 2.0.9 Win32-MinGW [SSL] [LZO] built on Oct 1 2006 Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 IMPORTANT: OpenVPN's default port number is now 1194, based on an official port number assignment by IANA. OpenVPN 2.0-beta16 and earlier used 5000 as the default port. Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 WARNING: No server certificate verification method has been enabled. See http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm for more info. Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 LZO compression initialized Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Control Channel MTU parms [ L:1576 D:140 EF:40 EB:0 ET:0 EL:0 ] Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Data Channel MTU parms [ L:1576 D:1450 EF:44 EB:135 ET:32 EL:0 AF:3/1 ] Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Local Options hash (VER=V4): '2547efd2' Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Expected Remote Options hash (VER=V4): '77cf0943' Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 Attempting to establish TCP connection with x.x.x.x:1194 Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 TCP connection established with x.x.x.x:1194 Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 TCPv4_CLIENT link local: [undef] Thu Oct 31 11:51:44 2013 TCPv4_CLIENT link remote: x.x.x.x:1194 // after this it just hangs, nothing happens So I dont know what I am doing wrong but I am getting a bit impatient and on each forum I post this, I get stupid/unrelated/unhelpful answers...

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  • ssh refuses to authenticate keys

    - by MixturaDementiae
    So I am setting up a connection between my machine [fedora 17] and a virtual machine running in Virtual Box in which is running CentOS 5. I have installed openssh from the repositories on CentOS, and I have configured everything as it follows: Protocol 2 HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV PermitRootLogin yes RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile /home/pigreco/.ssh/authorized_keys PasswordAuthentication no ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes GSSAPIAuthentication yes GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes UsePAM yes AcceptEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES AcceptEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT AcceptEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL LANGUAGE AcceptEnv XMODIFIERS X11Forwarding yes Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server this is the configuration file sshd_config on the server i.e. on the CentOS. Moreover I have created a public/private key pair as usual on the .ssh/ folder in my home directory in my OS, i.e. Fedora, and then I've copied with scp the id_rsa.pub to the server and then I have appended its content to the file .ssh/authorized_keys on the server machine. The error that I get is the following: OpenSSH_5.9p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0j-fips 10 May 2012 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 50: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to 192.168.100.13 [192.168.100.13] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/mayhem/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /home/mayhem/.ssh/identity-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/mayhem/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: identity file /home/mayhem/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/mayhem/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/mayhem/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.3 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.3 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.9 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Server host key: RSA 16:e5:72:d1:37:94:1b:5e:3d:3a:e5:da:6f:df:0c:08 debug1: Host '192.168.100.13' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/mayhem/.ssh/known_hosts:1 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,keyboard-interactive debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-keyex debug1: No valid Key exchange context debug1: Next authentication method: gssapi-with-mic debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information Cannot determine realm for numeric host address debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information Cannot determine realm for numeric host address debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information debug1: Unspecified GSS failure. Minor code may provide more information Cannot determine realm for numeric host address debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/mayhem/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-rsa blen 279 Agent admitted failure to sign using the key. debug1: Trying private key: /home/mayhem/.ssh/identity debug1: Trying private key: /home/mayhem/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive Do you have some good suggestion of what I can do? thank you

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  • Nginx 500 Internal Server error on subdirectory

    - by juyoung518
    I'm getting a 500 Internal Server error only on sub directories. For example, If my website is example.com, example.com/index.php works. But example.com/phpbb/index.php doesn't work. It just turns up a blank php page. The HTTP header shows HTTP error 500 Internal Server error. If I enter example.com/phpbb/index.php/somedirectory, the index.php of my root directory shows up. This is all very strange. I have tried searching etc but nothing worked. tried re-installing nginx but not fixed. I'm sure I got the DNS configured right. My Nginx Config /sites-available/example.com server { server_name www.example.com; return 301 https://example.com$request_uri; } server { listen 443; listen 80; #listen 80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied #listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6 root /var/www/example.com/public_html; index index.html index.php index.htm; ssl on; ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/cert.pem; ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/ssl.key; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; ssl_ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+3DES:DH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DSS; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; ssl_stapling on; resolver 8.8.8.8; add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=63072000; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name example.com; location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|css|js|bmp)$ { expires 365d; add_header Cache-Control public; } if ($scheme = http) { return 301 https://example.com$request_uri; } location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404. try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php; # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules } if ($http_user_agent ~ (musobot|screenshot|AhrefsBot|picsearch|Gender|HostTracker|Java/1.7.0_51|Java) ) { return 403; } location /phpmyadmin { root /usr/share/; index index.php index.html index.htm; location ~ ^/phpmyadmin/(.+\.php)$ { try_files $uri =404; root /usr/share/; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; } location ~* ^/phpmyadmin/(.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|html|xml|txt))$ { root /usr/share/; } } location /phpMyAdmin { rewrite ^/* /phpmyadmin last; } location /doc/ { alias /usr/share/doc/; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; allow ::1; deny all; } # Only for nginx-naxsi used with nginx-naxsi-ui : process denied requests #location /RequestDenied { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; #} #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/www; } # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini # With php5-cgi alone: fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # With php5-fpm: #fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_buffer_size 128k; fastcgi_buffers 256 16k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k; fastcgi_read_timeout 240; # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } } nginx.conf user www-data; worker_processes 1; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 768; # multi_accept on; } http { ## Block spammers and other unwanted visitors ## include /etc/nginx/blockips.conf; fastcgi_cache_path /var/cache/nginx levels=1:2 keys_zone=microcache:10m max_size=1000m inactive=60m; ## # Basic Settings ## sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 100; types_hash_max_size 2048; server_tokens off; # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; # server_name_in_redirect off; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; ## # Logging Settings ## access_log off; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m; ssl_session_timeout 10m; ssl_ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+3DES:DH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DSS; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; ## # File Cache Settings ## open_file_cache max=5000 inactive=5m; open_file_cache_valid 2m; open_file_cache_min_uses 1; open_file_cache_errors on; ## # Gzip Settings ## gzip on; gzip_disable "msie6"; gzip_vary on; gzip_proxied any; gzip_comp_level 6; gzip_buffers 16 8k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_types text/plain text/x-js text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; ## # nginx-naxsi config ## # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-naxsi ## #include /etc/nginx/naxsi_core.rules; ## # nginx-passenger config ## # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-passenger ## #passenger_root /usr; #passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby; ## # Virtual Host Configs ## include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;

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  • Git push write access for deployment denied

    - by Stepchik
    I have strange issue when try git push. Git clone and commit works fine. W access for my_project DENIED to deploy_my_project_ My gitolite.conf repo my_project R = deploy_my_project_111 RW+ = my_name I wonder why git push takes wrong user (deploy_project_111) with read access. This error is float. Twice i had to change rsa key(rsa keys is unchangeble) and restart computer. May be my computer do something wrong.

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  • Localhost has just stopped working (using xampp)

    - by Joe Taylor
    I installed Xampp to use for local development of a Drupal site. Its been working fine out of the box until now. The main Xampp localhost welcome menu loads, however my subdirectory (localhost/drupal) doesn't. It just spins in the browser for ages and nothing happens. Just a blank screen. I've tried the edit people suggest in the hosts file but that hasn't work and I'm getting no errors so not sure what to do. Anyone have any ideas what might be wrong? PS I'm running Windows 7 edit: Log files: Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 134217728 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 123731968 bytes) in C:\xampp\apps\drupal\htdocs\sites\all\themes\directory\node--job.tpl.php on line 41 Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 134217728 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 123731968 bytes) in C:\xampp\apps\drupal\htdocs\sites\all\themes\directory\node--job.tpl.php on line 41 [Tue Nov 05 20:52:07.242454 2013] [ssl:warn] [pid 8432:tid 260] AH01909: RSA certificate configured for www.example.com:443 does NOT include an ID which matches the server name [Tue Nov 05 20:52:07.331459 2013] [core:warn] [pid 8432:tid 260] AH00098: pid file C:/xampp/apache/logs/httpd.pid overwritten -- Unclean shutdown of previous Apache run? [Tue Nov 05 20:52:07.820487 2013] [ssl:warn] [pid 8432:tid 260] AH01909: RSA certificate configured for www.example.com:443 does NOT include an ID which matches the server name [Tue Nov 05 20:52:07.898492 2013] [mpm_winnt:notice] [pid 8432:tid 260] AH00455: Apache/2.4.4 (Win32) OpenSSL/0.9.8y PHP/5.4.16 configured -- resuming normal operations [Tue Nov 05 20:52:07.898492 2013] [mpm_winnt:notice] [pid 8432:tid 260] AH00456: Server built: Feb 23 2013 13:07:34 [Tue Nov 05 20:52:07.898492 2013] [core:notice] [pid 8432:tid 260] AH00094: Command line: 'c:\xampp\apache\bin\httpd.exe -d C:/xampp/apache' [Tue Nov 05 20:52:07.905492 2013] [mpm_winnt:notice] [pid 8432:tid 260] AH00418: Parent: Created child process 7588 [Tue Nov 05 20:52:08.882548 2013] [ssl:warn] [pid 7588:tid 272] AH01909: RSA certificate configured for www.example.com:443 does NOT include an ID which matches the server name [Tue Nov 05 20:52:09.467582 2013] [ssl:warn] [pid 7588:tid 272] AH01909: RSA certificate configured for www.example.com:443 does NOT include an ID which matches the server name [Tue Nov 05 20:52:09.534585 2013] [mpm_winnt:notice] [pid 7588:tid 272] AH00354: Child: Starting 150 worker threads. Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 134217728 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 123731968 bytes) in C:\xampp\apps\drupal\htdocs\sites\all\themes\directory\node--job.tpl.php on line 41 Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 134217728 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 123731968 bytes) in C:\xampp\apps\drupal\htdocs\sites\all\themes\directory\node--job.tpl.php on line 41

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  • Why doesn't .NET find the OpenSSL.NET dll?

    - by Lazlo
    EDIT (the whole question, it was too unclear) I want to use OpenSSL.NET The OpenSSL.NET install instructions page: INSTALL Make sure you have libeay32.dll and ssleay32.dll in the current working directory of your application or in your PATH. DONE In your .NET project, add a reference to the ManagedOpenSsl.dll assembly. DONE I have put libeay32.dll and ssleay32.dll in both my bin/Debug and bin/Release directories. I have also put them in system32. Here is my FULL code: using System; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { try { OpenSSL.Crypto.RSA rsa = new OpenSSL.Crypto.RSA(); } catch (Exception e) { Console.WriteLine(e.InnerException.Message); } Console.Read(); } } } I get the following error: (Unable to load DLL 'libeay32') Here is the Process Monitor log (upon request): What am I doing wrong? Why isn't the DLL found?

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  • How to generate SSH key pairs with Python

    - by Lee
    Hello, I'm attempting to write a script to generate SSH Identity key pairs for me. from M2Crypto import RSA key = RSA.gen_key(1024, 65337) key.save_key("/tmp/my.key", cipher=None) The file /tmp/my.key looks great now. By running ssh-keygen -y -f /tmp/my.key > /tmp/my.key.pub I can extract the public key. My question is how can I extract the public key from python? Using key.save_pub_key("/tmp/my.key.pub") saves something like: -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADASDASDASDASDBarYRsmMazM1hd7a+u3QeMP ... FZQ7Ic+BmmeWHvvVP4Yjyu1t6vAut7mKkaDeKbT3yiGVUgAEUaWMXqECAwEAAQ== -----END PUBLIC KEY----- When I'm looking for something like: ssh-rsa AAAABCASDDBM$%3WEAv/3%$F ..... OSDFKJSL43$%^DFg==

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  • Move a sequential set of commits from one (local) branch to another

    - by jpswain09
    Is there a way to move a sequential set of commits from one (local) branch to another? I have searched quite a bit and still haven't found a clear answer for what I want to do. For example, say I have this: master A---B---C \ feature-1 M---N---O---P---R---Q And I have decided that the last 3 commits would be better off like this: master A---B---C \ feature-1 M---N---O \ f1-crazy-idea P---R---Q I know I can do this, and it does work: $ git log --graph --pretty=oneline (copying down sha-1 ID's of P, R, Q) $ git checkout feature-1 $ git reset --hard HEAD^^^ $ git checkout -b f1-crazy-idea $ git cherry-pick <P sha1> $ git cherry-pick <R sha1> $ git cherry-pick <Q sha1> I was hoping that instead there would be a more concise way to do this, possibly with git rebase, although I haven't had much luck. Any insight would be greatly appreciated. Thanks, Jamie

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  • Translate from Java to C#: simple code to re-encode a string

    - by Dr. Zim
    We were sent this formula to encrypt a string written in Java: String myInput = "test1234"; MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA"); byte[] myD = md.digest(myInput.getBytes()); BASE64Encoder en64 = new BASE64Encoder(); String myOutput = new String ( Java.net.URLEncoder.encode( en64.encode(myD))); // myOutput becomes "F009U%2Bx99bVTGwS3cQdHf%2BJcpCo%3D" Our attempt at writing this in C# is: System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1 sha1 = new System.Security.Cryptography.SHA1CryptoServiceProvider(); string myOutput = HttpUtility.UrlEncode( Convert.ToBase64String( sha1.ComputeHash( ASCIIEncoding.Default.GetBytes(myInput)))); However the output is no where near the same. It doesn't even have percent signs in it. Any chance anyone would know where we are going wrong?

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  • Conflict resolution merge commit seems incomplete

    - by kayaker243
    There was a feature branch with conflicts. These were resolved and the resolution committed. Unfortunately, I botched the merge and a couple previously-released features regressed - this is verified by doing a diff between the merge commit sha1 and that of the previous tag. When I do git show <sha1 for merge commit> all changes are innocuous. When I do git log -Sunique_variable_added_for_feature_and_lost_after_botched_merge, I only see the commit that added unique_variable_... but not the problematic deletion from the bad merge. However, when I took the ignominious step of viewing the sha1 for the commit in a gui git client like Tower, I can clearly see the botched lines. Is there an additional switch used by Tower that I've missed entirely? Why didn't pickaxe pick up the deletion implicit in the merge commit?

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  • Do encryption algorithms provide really unique results?

    - by Mikulas Dite
    I was wondering whether md5, sha1 and anothers return unique values. For example, sha1() for test returns a94a8fe5ccb19ba61c4c0873d391e987982fbbd3, which is 40 characters long. So, sha1 for strings larger than 40 chars must be the same (of course it's scrambled, because the given input may contain whitespaces and special chars etc.). Due to this, when we are storing users' passwords, they can enter either their original password or some super-long one, which nobody knows. Is this right, or do these hash algorithms provide really unique results - I'm quite sure it's hardly possible.

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  • .net equivalent for php preg_replace

    - by Hath
    What is the c#.net equivalent for php's preg_replace function? php code is like this: const ALLOW_VALUES = '[^a-z0-9àáâäèéêëìíîïòóôöùûwýÿyÁÂÄÈÉÊËÌÎÏÒÓÔÖÙÛÜWYÝ]'; public function streetTownHash($data, $hashCheck = false, $updateRecord = false) { foreach($data as $key=>$value){ try{ $value = mb_convert_case($value, MB_CASE_LOWER, "UTF-8"); } catch(Exception $e) { echo "Requires extension=php_mbstring.dll enabled ! - $e"; } $valueConcat .= preg_replace('/'.self::ALLOW_VALUES.'/','',$value); # Remove punctuation etc } $streetTownHash = sha1($valueConcat); .... this is as far as i've got but not sure about it.. private SHA1 hash = SHA1.Create(); private string hashAllowed = "[^a-z0-9àáâäèéêëìíîïòóôöùûwýÿyÁÂÄÈÉÊËÌÎÏÒÓÔÖÙÛÜWYÝ]"; public string HashString(string value) { value = // = regex not sure this part var bytes = ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(value); var hashed = hash.ComputeHash(bytes); return ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetString(hashed); }

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  • List tags with commits in the same format like git branch -v

    - by NickSoft
    Hi I would like to list tags like it's listed by: # git branch -v * devel e7f5e36 firxed bugs master 63e9c56 remove unused code without the * (you can't checkout tag). It would be good to have an option to list full or short SHA1. A bash script is also fine, but it would be nice to use git commands more and shell scripting less. I've read this question Git - how to tell which commit a tag points to and it helped me, but it's not all I want. Edit: I didn't know that annotated tags had SHA1. I wanted SHA1 of commits that tag points to, not the tags themselfs.

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  • Unable to ssh out anywhere - ssh_exchange_identification

    - by Chowlett
    I have a setup where I'm running Ubuntu 11.10 as a VirtualBox guest under a Windows 7 host, behind a restrictive corporate firewall. I have set up NAT from the host port 22 to Ubuntu's port 22; IT inform me that they have opened port 22 outbound for the host machine's IP address. I have run ssh-keygen -t rsa, and am trying to test the setup by connecting to github and another known ssh server. In both cases the connect is refused with ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host. Full -vvv log is below. Is this possibly still due to the corporate firewall? If so, what else might I need to request from them? Any other ideas what might be wrong and how to fix it? ~$ ssh -Tvvv [email protected] OpenSSH_5.8p1 Debian-7ubuntu1, OpenSSL 1.0.0e 6 Sep 2011 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to github.com [207.97.227.239] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier debug3: Could not load "/home/chris/.ssh/id_rsa" as a RSA1 public key debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type 'Proc-Type:' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type 'DEK-Info:' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug1: identity file /home/chris/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.RSA-2048 debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.RSA-2048 debug1: identity file /home/chris/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/chris/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/chris/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/chris/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/chris/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1 ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host Edit: Requested diagnostics: ~$ ls -la ~/.ssh total 16 drwx------ 2 chris chris 4096 2012-03-30 13:12 . drwxr-xr-x 29 chris chris 4096 2012-03-30 13:25 .. -rw------- 1 chris chris 1766 2012-03-30 13:12 id_rsa -rw-r--r-- 1 chris chris 409 2012-03-30 13:12 id_rsa.pub

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  • Creating Wildcard Certificates with makecert.exe

    - by Shawn Cicoria
    Be nice to be able to make wildcard certificates for use in development with makecert – turns out, it’s real easy.  Just ensure that your CN=  is the wildcard string to use. The following sequence generates a CA cert, then the public/private key pair for a wildcard certificate REM make the CA makecert -pe -n "CN=*.contosotest.com" -a sha1 -len 2048 -sky exchange -eku 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1 -ic CA.cer -iv CA.pvk -sp "Microsoft RSA SChannel Cryptographic Provider" -sy 12 -sv wildcard.pvk wildcard.cer pvk2pfx -pvk wildcard.pvk -spc wildcard.cer -pfx wildcard.pfx REM now make the server wildcard cert makecert -pe -n "CN=*.contosotest.com" -a sha1 -len 2048 -sky exchange -eku 1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1 -ic CA.cer -iv CA.pvk -sp "Microsoft RSA SChannel Cryptographic Provider" -sy 12 -sv wildcard.pvk wildcard.cer pvk2pfx -pvk wildcard.pvk -spc wildcard.cer -pfx wildcard.pfx

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