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• How to synchronize users, passwords, hosts, etc without NIS

  - by joshxdr

  I am administering a very small solaris 2.6 network with 4 boxes total. Is it possible to use scp or similar to replace NIS for synchronizing users, groups, hosts, etc? This network is only a small part of my job and I don't want to spend too much time on it, and I am worried the setup and maintenence of NIS will not pay off. I need it to behave like a proper multi-user system, when a user logs into any machine, the users, passwords, hosts, etc. are always the same. Is there an easy way to do this with scp? Right now I copy /etc/passwd from one box to another with scp, but sometimes I make mistakes or forget a step, and scp inside of shell scripts don't seem to works so well since they require password authentication. Any recommendations would be welcome.

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• Security: Unable to display current owner

  - by Jim McKeeth

  I have a user with local administrative rights on their Windows 7 64-bit box. They extracted a file from a zip file they downloaded with the Zip shell extension to their desktop on a non-encrypted or compressed NTFS volume. Unfortunately they cannot open it. I tried to take ownership of it and it just reports "Access is Denied" and for the current owner it reports "Unable to display current owner." At this point the file cannot be deleted, executed or modified. I have actually seen this exact same happen in Vista before, but I can't for the life of me remember how to fix it. Any ideas how it happened or how to fix it? I'd be happy just to delete it without a format at this point.

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• Open a custom remote powershell remotely

  - by Yann

  I have 2 computers. On the computer A, I have a custom module written in C# for powershell 3.0 and installed via a MSI. I also have a shortcut that open powershell with the module already loaded. I can just double click on my shortcut and run my command Do-Something on this computer without any problem, like the Exchange Server powershell. But now I would like to do it from a remote session on computer B in C#. So my question is, how can I open a remote powershell session to computer A with my module already loaded and the shell configured so I can just run my command and obtain the same result than if I run it on computer A?

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• Can I autologin a specific user on a specific VT, but still have other login shells running?

  - by Michael

  I'm running a linux system with Ubuntu Karmic on it, and I use it to run a webcam and a program that continuously outputs on the console. Is there any way I can force a user to login on VT2, and then switch VTs to VT2, but still have other login consoles running so I can hook a keyboard up to it and CTRL-ALT-F# to get to another terminal? I have a feeling this needs to go in my rc.local file, but nothing in the login manpage seems to suggest it can do what I want it to do. If there is no way to login a user on the vt, launching the program directly on a specific VT will work as well, since the user's shell in /etc/passwd is set to the program anyway.

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• How do I launch a process as a specific user at startup on OS X?

  - by Scott Bonds

  I would like to run a script as a particular user on startup (not on login). I thought a launchd LaunchDaemon would do it, but 'man launchd' says: "If you wish your service to run as a certain user, in that user's environment, making it a launchd agent is the ONLY supported means of accomplishing this on Mac OS X. In other words, it is not sufficient to perform a setuid(2) to become a user in the truest sense on Mac OS X." They aren't kidding--when I try to run my script as a LaunchDaemon it doesn't work. In particular I'm trying to automate some keychain operations using the 'security' command, and it won't let me change the default keychain when I run the script through LaunchDaemon, though the script works fine when run using sudo from a shell. A LaunchAgent won't work, because the goal is for the proces to run without a user logging in and LaunchAgents only run when someone logs in. I looked at cron and the @reboot directive and that looks promising, but I read that cron is deprecated on OSX.

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• crontab doesn't work on centos 6

  - by sbxmal

  /etc/crontab: SHELL=/bin/bash PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin MAILTO=root HOME=/ 01 * * * * root run-parts /etc/cron.hourly 02 4 * * * root run-parts /etc/cron.daily 22 4 * * 0 root run-parts /etc/cron.weekly 42 4 1 * * root run-parts /etc/cron.monthly */2 * * * * /usr/bin/php -q /home/dorsen/public_html/cron-test.php */2 * * * * http://www.mysiteurl.com/cron-test.php - also doesn't work If i run this file directly in browser - all fine What i did : root@vded10625 [~]# yum remove cronie-anacron .... Complete! root@vded10625 [~]# yum install cronie-noanacron sysstat .... Complete! root@vded10625 [~]# service crond start Starting crond: [ OK ] root@vded10625 [~]# chkconfig crond on root@vded10625 [~]# service crond restart Stopping crond: [ OK ] Starting crond: [ OK ] Will be pleased for any help

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• Secure against c99 and similar shells

  - by Amit Sonnenschein

  I'm trying to secure my server as much as i can without limiting my options, so as a first step i've prevented dangerous functions with php disable_functions = "apache_child_terminate, apache_setenv, define_syslog_variables, escapeshellarg, escapeshellcmd, eval, exec, fp, fput, ftp_connect, ftp_exec, ftp_get, ftp_login, ftp_nb_fput, ftp_put, ftp_raw, ftp_rawlist, highlight_file, ini_alter, ini_get_all, ini_restore, inject_code, mysql_pconnect, openlog, passthru, php_uname, phpAds_remoteInfo, phpAds_XmlRpc, phpAds_xmlrpcDecode, phpAds_xmlrpcEncode, popen, posix_getpwuid, posix_kill, posix_mkfifo, posix_setpgid, posix_setsid, posix_setuid, posix_setuid, posix_uname, proc_close, proc_get_status, proc_nice, proc_open, proc_terminate, shell_exec, syslog, system, xmlrpc_entity_decode" but i'm still fighting directory travel, i can't seems to be able to limit it, by using a shell script like c99 i can travel from my /home/dir to anywhere on the disc. how can i limit it once and for all ?

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• Is there some way Linux editors can tell the programming language without the file extension?

  - by vfclists

  I am editing some scripts on Linux without the languages file extensions, and it seems that the editors, namely vi, nano and gedit are not applying syntax highlighting because the filenames don't use the language extensions. Is there some parameters to be passed or some setting that can enable them to recognize the language? Update: After some googling I realize that bash has that ability, at least to do some parsing or check the shebang at the top determine the language. By default Ubuntu does not install the complete vim package, so after installing it, the shell files are recognized. I don't know about nano or gedit, but vi and its graphical counterpart will do.

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• how to manage credentials/access to multiple ssh servers

  - by geoaxis

  I would like to make a script which can maintain multiple servers via SSH. I want to control the authentication/authorization in such a manner that authentication is done by gateway and any other access is routed through this ssh server to internal services without any further authentication/authorization requirements. So if a user A can log into server_1 for example. He can then ssh to server_2 without any other authentication and do what ever he is allowed to do on server_2 (like shut down mysql, upgrade it and restart it. This could be done via some remote shell script). The problem that I am trying to solve is to come up with a deployment script for a JavaEE system which involves databases and tomcat instances. They need to be shutdown and re-spawned. The requirement is to have a deployment script which has minimal human interaction as possible for both developers and operation.

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• Environment variable for volume names in Windows?

  - by Shinrai

  I'm trying to write a batch file that will look at the volume label of the current drive and report if it's not equivalent to a certain string. Is there a default variable in the shell for this? Can I define one? Am I SOL and I'll actually have to do some (shudder) programming? EDIT: If this is possible in PowerShell that would work fine. (For the curious, we ship our machines with software cloning as a rapid bootable backup solution since most of our customers are daytraders and aren't interested in RAID due to urgency of getting-the-hell-back-to-work-right-away if there's a software corruption problem, and we want to make it immediately obvious if they're booting to the backup drive unintentionally, like say the primary failed entirely. The hope was just to write a simple batch file that would autostart on boot and throw a warning in the event of a problem.)

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• ssh into my mac from my ipod

  - by mechko

  Ok so this is what I got, but it don't look right... The set up is as follows: My Mac is on a wireless network, presumably behind a firewall over which I have no admin privileges. Further, said wireless network changes my internal IP randomly at random times, so I do not know what my ip is. Note that localhost is a variable ip I forward some port or the other to my dns: ssh -R 19999:localhost:22 sourceuser@remotehost connect to my remotehost from my machine: ssh sourceuser@remotehost and then connect to the port I forwarded: ssh localhost -p 19999 [solved] Second question, there are a bunch of ssh clients for the iphone. Which one should I use? EDIT: Since jailbreak is not illegal, simply frowned upon by the Corporation, I've decided to go with that. I have a nice shell with openssh and the works. Best of all, it's free and it does exactly what you expect.

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• How to disable Utility Manager (Windows Key + U)

  - by Skizz

  How do I disable the Windows Key+U hotkey in Windows XP? Alternatively, how do I stop the utility manager from being active? The two are related. The utilty manager is currently providing a potential security hole and I need to remove it*. The system I'm developing uses a custom Gina to log in and start a custom shell. This removes most Windows Key hotkeys but the Win+U still pops up the manager app. Update: Things I've tried and don't work: NoWinKeys registry setting - this only affects explorer hotkeys; Renaming utilman.exe - program reappears next login; Third party software - not really an option, these machines are audited by the clients and additional, third party software would be unlikely to be accepted. Also, the proedure needs to be reasonably straightforward - this has to be done by field service engineers to existing machines (machines currently in Russia, Holland, France, Spain, Ireland and USA). * The hole is via the internet options in the help viewer the utility app links to.

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• Add directory to $PATH if it's not already there

  - by Doug Harris

  Has anybody written a bash function to add a directory to $PATH only if it's not already there? I typically add to PATH using something like: export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH If I construct my PATH in .bash_profile, then it's not read unless the session I'm in is a login session -- which isn't always true. If I construct my PATH in .bashrc, then it runs with each subshell. So if I launch a Terminal window and then run screen and then run a shell script, I get: $ echo $PATH /usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:.... I'm going to try building a bash function called add_to_path() which only adds the directory if it's not there. But, if anybody has already written (or found) such a thing, I won't spend the time on it.

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• "Cannot allocate memory" while no process seems to be using up memory

  - by omat

  I am not competent on server issues, any help is much appreciated. When try to start a python/django shell on a linux box, I am getting OSError: [Errno 12] Cannot allocate memory. free -m seems to confirm I am out of memory: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 590 560 29 0 3 37 -/+ buffers/cache: 518 71 Swap: 0 0 0 But I cannot see what is eating up the memory with top or ps aux: PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1 root 20 0 24336 908 0 S 0.0 0.2 0:00.68 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:04.85 ksoftirqd/0 How can I identify the leak? Thanks. BTW, I am not sure if it is relevant, but the machine I am talking about is an AWS EC2 instance with Ubuntu 12 running.

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• windows 2003 - why can't serial port be accessed remotely?

  - by Danny Staple

  we have recently installed the updates on some of our servers, which have a bit of hardware attached via USB that presents itself as a serial (COM) port. The strange behaviour is that if I start a cmd shell on the server via VNC, I can open the serial port. If I run a service and start it from there (telnet, jenkins) then I receive a "not found" error for it. IE: C:\Documents and Settings\some_user>echo 1 >COM4: C:\Documents and Settings\some_user> on the local cmd will work, and on the remote telnet will give: C:\Documents and Settings\some_user>echo 1 >COM4: The system cannot find the file specified. C:\Documents and Settings\some_user> I cannot see any security settings on the Device manager settings panel for this device.

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• Count the Number of Characters in a Full FIle Path?

  - by Richie086

  I need to be able to count the number of characters in a full path to a file in windows. How I am currently accomplishing this task is as follows: Open a command prompt cd to the directory in question (for example c:\CruiseControl\ProjectArtifacts\ProjectName) type the following command dir /s /b output.csv Open the resulting output.csv file in excel. use the =LEN() function in excel to count the number of characters per row as listed in the output.csv file. Does anyone know of an explorer shell extension, or some 3rd party tool that could preform this function without me having to manipulate the output from dir in excel? Is there some easier way to go about doing this? The root of the issue I am having is the ~260 character file path limit in Windows. I am trying to analyze which paths are approx ~260 characters so I can shorten them to avoid getting this error.

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• can not access dlink 604 set up interface

  - by user36089

  Hello everyone I used dlink-di604 enthernet board as router to share web access. My ISP provides the service base on Ethernet rathern than base on Ethernet pppoe mode. It is manually setup ipv4, subnet mask , DNS, Gateway etc Log in using web user name&password. I use http://192.168.0.2 try to access dlink di604 setup inferface, but failed I call command ipconfig /all Dos shell displayed: Ethernet adapter Local Connection: Physical Address: 00-3c-56-79-19-49 IPv4 address:10.7.8.225 subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 default gate way: 10.7.8.1 DNS servers 10.10.10.10 What is the correct way to access dlink 604 setup interface and set to share web access? Welcome any comment Thanks interdev

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• Nagios remote monitoring: NRPE Vs. SSH

  - by sam

  We use Nagios to monitor quite a few (~130) servers. We monitor CPU, Disk, RAM and a few other things on each server. I've always used SSH to run the remote commands, purely because it requires little to no additional config on the remote server, just install nagios-plugins, create the nagios user and add the SSH key, all of which I've automated into a shell script. I've never actually considered the performance implications of using SSH over NRPE. I'm not too bothered about the load hit on the Nagios server (It's probably over-speced for what it does, it's never been over 10% CPU), but we run each remote check every 30 seconds and each server has 5 different checks performed. I assume SSH requires more resources for each check but is there a huge difference? (I.E. enough of a difference to warrant the switch to NRPE). If it's any help, we monitor a mix of physical servers (Normally with 8, 12 or 16 physical cores) and Amazon EC2 medium/large instances.

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• how to set global PATH on OS X?

  - by lajos

  I'd like to append to the global PATH variable on OS X so that all user shells and GUI applications get the same PATH environment. I know I can append to the path in shell startup scripts, but those settings are not inherited by GUI applications. The only way I found so far is to redefine the PATH environment variable in /etc/launchd.conf: setenv PATH /usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/my/path I coulnd't figure out a way to actually append to PATH in launchd.conf. I'm a bit worried about this method, but so far this is the only thing that works. Does anyone know of a better way?

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• configuring default PYTHONPATH

  - by Shan

  I have Django application and few Django commands that I would execute through cronjobs on CentOS 5. Recently I updated my python-setuptools package, which in-turn update python-devel packages. After performing this update, the default PYTHONPATH settings for the Django commands executed through cronjob are different from the Django application which I execute from shell. Because of this mismatch my old Django cronjobs fail since the required libraries are not in path. How do I resolve this issue and ensure that both the cronjob Django commands and the Django application have the same environment?

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• What is the best way to make Calculate SHA1 as a context menu option in Mac OS X?

  - by Andrei

  In order to calculate the SHA1 checksum of a downloaded file, I could type /usr/bin/openssl sha1 in Terminal and then drag there the file which I want check. To make it simpler, one could enable a Context Menu item for this action. What is the best way to create such item in Mac OS X 10.6? A detailed answer is appreciated, because I don't have good experience with AppleScript, etc. Step by step Open Automator Create new service Choose to receive selected Files and Folders in Finder Add action Run Shell Script where your bash command is /usr/bin/openssl sha1 "$@" and you pass input as arguments How can I get the output? Preferably in a Growl pop-up or a message window/dialog.

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• Asterisk: forward if peer unreachable

  - by Cedric H.

  I would like to respond to incoming calls by checking is a specific peer is reachable, and dial the appropriate number accordingly. Presently I did this: exten => 1200,1,Answer() same => n,Set(reachable=${SHELL(asterisk -rx "sip show peers" | grep ^cedrich-phone.*OK)}) same => n,GotoIf($["${LEN(${reachable})}" = "0"]?extoffline) same => n,Dial(SIP/cedrich-phone,20) same => n(extoffline),Dial(SIP/another-phone,20,tr) same => n,Hangup() Could you tell me if this is acceptable and if it can be improved ?

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• How can I delete faster? Word boundary backspace?

  - by Yuji Tomita

  I like to type fast. I'm a chronic delete-keyer. I will type first, re-think the output later and hit delete. It seems I'm addicted to always doing something fast. Anyways, I have to tap the delete button very often. Is there a way to do a backspace to word boundary that's native? In a chat box, I can use alt+shift+left to get a word, cmd shift left to get the whole line, etc. but I can't do that in a python shell for example. Any ideas?

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• XenServer 5.6.1-fp1. Can't get network working

  - by casey_miller

  I have a PC where XenServer 5.6.1 fp-1 has been successfully installed. I've manually set the network settings: 192.168.1.50 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1 but it's set to xenbr0 iface. While eth0 is empty. When I click on "Configure Management Inteface" it shows that eth0 is connected. But when I ping a default gateway (which is 100% should be accessible) it fails. I used to another shell (Alt+F3) and logged as root. I also failed to ping. with both: ping -I eth0 192.168.1.1 and ping -I xenbr0 192.168.1.1 Be assured that: Cable works Ethernet adapter is 100% functional (prev OS was Ubuntu it was working) There is no firewall rule to deny anything. (everything is allowed) So the question is: What is a problem???

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• DD-WRT with both https and sshd running in port 443

  - by Bruno

  I have a buffalo router with dd-wrt v24 SP2. After setting up the basic stuff, I enabled the https access to the admin page. Several days later, while setting up remote ssh, I changed the default port from 22 to 443. And now..well :) You got the picture :) I can ssh the router but I have no web access to it's admin page. Before rushing to a cold-hearted configuration reset, is there any way to change the ssh port from a shell? Or make dd-wrt accessible thru basic http?

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