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• setup advanced filtering and access restrictions on dd-wrt using iptables

  - by Nova deViator

  I have a linksys WRT54GL router with a DD-WRT installed and I want to setup some advanced filtering that seem to not be available through "Access restrictions" web gui option. I guess I would be using IPTABLES then. I have ssh access to router and can run iptables, but I'm not so experienced with iptables. So here are my needs: my policy would be deny all first and then allow exceptions allow all http (port 80) access to WAN through wireless allow all other traffic only to PCs with specific MAC addresses allow internet access to PC with specific MAC address according to schedule (let's say everyday between 18:00-21:00) is this possible to setup with IPtables? could somebody help me a bit with it? or should go and RTFM?

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• Running Emacs on Multiple TTYs in screen

  - by Daniel Kessler

  When working with EMACS over SSH, is there any way to spawn a new frame of the same emacs session on a different terminal? In my use case, I have screen running, so I have multiple terminals, and can recover which pseudo terminal they're attached to with pts. Suppose I have two "windows" (in GNU screen parlance). The first one is attached to /dev/pts/12 and the second one is attached to /dev/pts/13. I launch emacs on the first window. Is there any way for me to start a new frame of the same session on the second window? I've been playing with passing arguments to make-frame but it seems that the usage that allows me to specify a terminal requires that a terminal object already exists, and I can't see any way to create a new terminal object.

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• Converting an ancient RH8 system to VMware ESXi

  - by donatello

  I am curious to know what options I have to convert a very old RedHat8 machine to a virtual one on ESXi. Looking at VMware Converter it seems there's an option to login to the RH8 using SSH, and from there it will convert to the ESXi-server. That makes me a bit nervous though, exactly what is happening there? The RH8 machine is slightly critical, and if anything messes up it'll likely result in many hours extra work. :( Another option I thought of was to boot a LiveCD on RH8-system and create a raw "dd dump" of the disk. The similar method is used to restore the image, I boot a LiveCD on the VM in ESXi and use "dd" to write it to disk. Is there any other option I could use? I'm using the cheap version of ESXi, hence I have no access to the Converter BootCD so these rather cumbersome methods is the only I can think of. :)

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• How switch between screen inside screen?

  - by André Andrade

  I have to work inside two environment. One Windows (local) and one Linux (remote). I've installed the screen linux utility in both. I'm able to open a screen on my windows, then in one tab, I opened a ssh connection to the linux remote and I start another screen. Sample linux -- |0 linux remote 0| 1 linux remote 1 windows-- |0 linux | 9 windows I can switch between "linux remote 0" and "linux remote 1" using Atl+. This is configured in .screenrc (bindkey "^[0" select 0) How could I switch to "9 windows"?

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• Apt Stalls When Using HTTP Sources

  - by UltraNurd

  I was getting some to me inexplicable behavior from apt-get/aptitude on an admittedly crusty old webserver. While it was otherwise running fine, as soon as I tried a package upgrade, after a downloading a few updates it would stall completely, then my SSH session hung (and I was unable to reconnect), thus requiring a hard restart. First, I switched to a different package source in /etc/apt/sources.list, but still got the same behavior. At this point I was assuming the NIC was dying in some weird way... but as soon as I changed the package source to use FTP instead of HTTP, everything worked fine, and I was able to upgrade. For now I'm not too concerned since I have an easy work around, but it implies that there's something very weird with my network setup, since it seems to be protocol (or port?) specific. I didn't think any of my NAT setup would affect outbound traffic, but I could be crazy. Any ideas what I should try to look for?

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• something like persistent X forwarding?

  - by Arthur Ulfeldt

  I'm having trouble with the title on this one, please edit. When users connect to a VM with VNC/NX/RDP/other-tla they get a persistent desktop in a window . When they connect using ssh -X forwarding they get a local window managed by the local windo-manager that is not persistent. 1: is there a way to run a program on the VM and have it managed locally AND have it persistent? 2: can the client be on windows or OS-X? ps: in this case the vm's are running Ubuntu

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• What is a good php 5.3.x shared hosting company?

  - by Abba Bryant

  I am looking for the best shared host - features-wise, not price - for hosting CakePHP and Lithium applications. I would like to be able to use MongoDB / MySQL as well as have access to some of the more common PHP extensions like MCrypt, etc. I currently use dreamhost with a custom PHP 5.3.x build on my sandbox domain - Please do not suggest this as a solution. I want to move away from managing my own PHP build if possible. I need ssh access but email support isn't as big of an issue.

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• Logging upload attempt with proftpd

  - by Amit Sonnenschein

  I have a logging server that i use with external hardware, the idea is that a special hardware is uploading logs about it's operation every few hours and from the server i can do whatever i need to do with the information, the old server was getting a bit too old and i've moved to a new one, i've install lamp,proftpd and ssh (just the same as i had on the old server). now for some reason the logs are not being uploaded and i don't know why. the hardware uses a direct ftp access - i've the proftpd.log and saw that the connection is not being rejected (just to make sure i didn't make a mistake with the user/pass) my problem is that for some reason the upload itself is failing... it might be due to wrong path (as it's hard coded in the hardware) but i can't really know as proftpd wont give me any details.. i've tried to change the loglevel to "debug" thinking it would give me more information but i don't see any change... is there any other way i can make sure proftpd logs EVERTHING ?

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• Solutions for exporting a remote desktop app (display and audio)

  - by Richard

  I'm looking for a solution that will allow me to export a desktop app running on a server to a client machine. The server is ideally Linux, the desktop is Windows (+Mac for icing on the cake). The export should be encrypted and I need to support multiple clients from one server. I only want to export an individual app, not a whole desktop, and ideally am looking for open source solutions. The obvious, cheapest, simplest choice is to use X tunnelled over ssh (e.g using Xming on the desktop) but X doesn't support audio. What are the alternatives? Or is there a way to support audio using X or in parallel to X? Thanks

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• Tunneling HTTPS traffic via a PUTTY/SSL tunnel with SOCKS

  - by ripper234

  I have configured a SOCKS ssh tunnel to a remote proxy, and set my Firefox to use localhost:<port> as a SOCKS proxy. My intention is to tunnel outgoing HTTP/S connections from my machine via a specific 3rd party server I own (on AWS). In my testing, HTTP UTLs are forwarded properly (e.g. when I access http://jsonip.com/ from my computer I do get the server's IP) However, whenever I try to reach an HTTPS address, I get this error: The proxy server is refusing connections How do I debug/fix it? My PUTTY tunnel config is simply (some random source port number + dynamic checked): P.S. I'm aware I might need to manually accept SSL certificates. The reason I'm doing this is to resolve problems using gmail as an outbound SMTP service.

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• virsh console and tty size

  - by pehrs

  I have a virtualization server to which I connect over ssh. If I now change the size of the window it will automatically propagate to the server. It's most easily seen using stty -a, checking the columns and row values. I then use virsh console to connect to the serial interface on a KVM based virtual machine. When I now change the size of the window it does not propagate to the virtual server. This is most easily seen by checking stty -a, which is not updated on the virtual machine when I change window size. This means that line breaks does not work correctly in the terminal and any application that relies on window size for formatting (emacs, man, etc) gets messed up unless the window size on the client matches the default size on the server. A workaround is to manually set the window size to match the client window using stty, but I wonder if there is any way to get this information to propagate and set the window size in the virtual machine automatically.

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• How to check if redis master is OK?

  - by e-satis

  On the documentation, they advice the monitor command. But it has a 50% performance penalty for the whole system, and how should I do that ? Whatching the ouput using SSH until I don't see anything ? Let's say I have 3 servers: 1 with a redis master, 1 with a redis slave, and one with my website querying the redis master. How can I, from my website server, make cleany the decision to fallback to the slave by sending the SLAVEOF NO ONE command ? My first step would be to put some kind of timeout check with a simple ping, just to be sure the server is online. But for redis specifically, I have no clue.

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• Tools to manage large network of heterogeneous web applications?

  - by Andrew

  I recently started a new job where I've been tasked with managing a global network of heterogenous web applications. There's very little documentation. My first order of business is to create an inventory of all of the web applications. Are there any tools out there to manage a large group of web apps? I'd like to collect a large dataset for each website including: logins for web based control panels logins to FTP/ssh accounts Google analytics tracking code for each site 3rd party libraries used SSL certs, issuers, and expiration dates etc I know I could keep the information in Excel or build a custom database, but I'm hoping there's already a tool out there to help me with this.

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• How does Apache handle port forwarding?

  - by vfclists

  I setup a localhost portforwarding configuration in the coLinux .conf file, forwarding port 8090 to port 80 in the VM. When http://localhost:8090 is entered in the browser, I get the correct response from nginx, but with Apache the response get the error /htdocs not found in the log. However if I do a local port forwarding from 8090 to port 80 via SSH Apache responds fine. Is there something about the way Apache handles the port redirection that causes it to fail? PS, For those unfamiliar with coLinux it allows localhost connections to get to the VM by forwarding localhost ports on the Windows host to ports on the VM, as the 10.x.x.x IP it not accessible from the Windows host.

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• scp -q isn't quiet between different hosts

  - by pythonic metaphor

  So scp -q file host:file and scp -q host:file file are both quiet, i.e. don't give the progress meter. But when I run scp -q host1:file host2:file, I still get the progress meter as well as a Connection to host1 closed. message. The progress meter can be gotten rid of by redirected stdout to /dev/null (although I'd rather not have to), but the connection closed messages comes on stderr, which I definitely want to keep in case there's a real error. How can I make scp quiet? Do I have to run ssh host1 "scp -q file host2:file"?

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• Using Credentials with network scanners

  - by grossmae

  I'm testing out both Tenable's Nessus scanner as well as eEye's Retina for scanning network devices. I am trying to supply credentials to get deeper, more accurate results, however there seems to be no difference in the results whether I supply the credentials or not. I've read the documentation and it seems like I've tried all the logical settings in the Credential options. I've submit along with usernames and passwords for many different accounts and types of accounts (both SSH Credentials and Web Application Credentials) on the devices as well as their respective domain names (when applicable). Is there possibly a good test for either (or both) scanners to tell where these credentials are being provided (if at all) and if any of them are successfully getting authentication?

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• Why do I have no TTY on a basic Ubuntu 9.10 server install?

  - by pr1001

  I have reinstalled Ubuntu 9.10 Server several times on a bog standard 1RU server and each time I finish the install and reboot I see GRUB run and am then presented with a black screen. The machine is running just fine, as I am able to SSH in, but I can't see anything on the attached monitor. I have a simple LCD screen connected via VGA and a signal is apparently being output to it, as it doesn't go asleep. Looking at /var/log/syslog I see: Mar 24 14:57:44 bridge5 rsyslogd-2039: Could no open output file '/dev/xconsole' [try http://www.rsyslog.com/e/2039 ] However, I later see: Mar 24 14:57:44 bridge5 kernel: [ 0.001368] console [tty0] enabled Any thoughts? Thanks!

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• OpenVPN (HideMyAss) client on Ubuntu: Route only HTTP traffic

  - by Andersmith

  I want to use HideMyAss VPN (hidemyass.com) on Ubuntu Linux to route only HTTP (ports 80 & 443) traffic to the HideMyAss VPN server, and leave all the other traffic (MySQL, SSH, etc.) alone. I'm running Ubuntu on AWS EC2 instances. The problem is that when I try and run the default HMA script, I suddenly can't SSH into the Ubuntu instance anymore and have to reboot it from the AWS console. I suspect the Ubuntu instance will also have trouble connecting to the RDS MySQL database, but haven't confirmed it. HMA uses OpenVPN like this: sudo openvpn client.cfg The client configuration file (client.cfg) looks like this: ############################################## # Sample client-side OpenVPN 2.0 config file # # for connecting to multi-client server. # # # # This configuration can be used by multiple # # clients, however each client should have # # its own cert and key files. # # # # On Windows, you might want to rename this # # file so it has a .ovpn extension # ############################################## # Specify that we are a client and that we # will be pulling certain config file directives # from the server. client auth-user-pass #management-query-passwords #management-hold # Disable management port for debugging port issues #management 127.0.0.1 13010 ping 5 ping-exit 30 # Use the same setting as you are using on # the server. # On most systems, the VPN will not function # unless you partially or fully disable # the firewall for the TUN/TAP interface. #;dev tap dev tun # Windows needs the TAP-Win32 adapter name # from the Network Connections panel # if you have more than one. On XP SP2, # you may need to disable the firewall # for the TAP adapter. ;dev-node MyTap # Are we connecting to a TCP or # UDP server? Use the same setting as # on the server. proto tcp ;proto udp # The hostname/IP and port of the server. # You can have multiple remote entries # to load balance between the servers. # All VPN Servers are added at the very end ;remote my-server-2 1194 # Choose a random host from the remote # list for load-balancing. Otherwise # try hosts in the order specified. # We order the hosts according to number of connections. # So no need to randomize the list # remote-random # Keep trying indefinitely to resolve the # host name of the OpenVPN server. Very useful # on machines which are not permanently connected # to the internet such as laptops. resolv-retry infinite # Most clients don't need to bind to # a specific local port number. nobind # Downgrade privileges after initialization (non-Windows only) ;user nobody ;group nobody # Try to preserve some state across restarts. persist-key persist-tun # If you are connecting through an # HTTP proxy to reach the actual OpenVPN # server, put the proxy server/IP and # port number here. See the man page # if your proxy server requires # authentication. ;http-proxy-retry # retry on connection failures ;http-proxy [proxy server] [proxy port #] # Wireless networks often produce a lot # of duplicate packets. Set this flag # to silence duplicate packet warnings. ;mute-replay-warnings # SSL/TLS parms. # See the server config file for more # description. It's best to use # a separate .crt/.key file pair # for each client. A single ca # file can be used for all clients. ca ./keys/ca.crt cert ./keys/hmauser.crt key ./keys/hmauser.key # Verify server certificate by checking # that the certicate has the nsCertType # field set to "server". This is an # important precaution to protect against # a potential attack discussed here: # http://openvpn.net/howto.html#mitm # # To use this feature, you will need to generate # your server certificates with the nsCertType # field set to "server". The build-key-server # script in the easy-rsa folder will do this. ;ns-cert-type server # If a tls-auth key is used on the server # then every client must also have the key. ;tls-auth ta.key 1 # Select a cryptographic cipher. # If the cipher option is used on the server # then you must also specify it here. ;cipher x # Enable compression on the VPN link. # Don't enable this unless it is also # enabled in the server config file. #comp-lzo # Set log file verbosity. verb 3 # Silence repeating messages ;mute 20 # Detect proxy auto matically #auto-proxy # Need this for Vista connection issue route-metric 1 # Get rid of the cached password warning #auth-nocache #show-net-up #dhcp-renew #dhcp-release #route-delay 0 120 # added to prevent MITM attack ns-cert-type server # # Remote servers added dynamically by the master server # DO NOT CHANGE below this line # remote-random remote 173.242.116.200 443 # 0 remote 38.121.77.74 443 # 0 # etc... remote 67.23.177.5 443 # 0 remote 46.19.136.130 443 # 0 remote 173.254.207.2 443 # 0 # END

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• CentOS send mail with external SMTP server and without local daemons

  - by Vilx-

  I've got a little old server with CentOS 6.5 on it. The hardware is old and crappy, but enough for what it has to do. Which consists of SSH (+SFTP), Apache, PHP and MySQL. Still, I'm trying to cut away all that I can. One thing that it does not need to do is to be an SMTP server. There are no mailboxes on it and nobody will ever route mail through it. However I do want it to send me an email when something goes wrong. Also, the webpages will send emails from PHP. So that brings me to the question - can I set up the mail system in such a way that there isn't an expensive mailer daemon sitting in the background with queues and whatnotelse, but rather every email is directly and immediately delivered to an external SMTP server? And how do I go about it?

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• Xterm is not completely erasing field lines

  - by user26367

  We have a SSH tunnel to a remote unix box from Windows clients using Cygwin. It launches a terminal program from the unix box locally on the Windows box for data input. The xterm window is launched as follows xterm -fn 10x20 -bg DodgerBlue4 -fg white -cr white -ls -geometry 90x30 -e program When a screen goes from read only mode to edit mode, the edit fields have ____. When going back to read only mode, a single pixel artifact is left behind for each field. *readonly* User: *edit* User: ___________ *after edit exit* User: . <- this dot is left behind Any idea what we need to change to fix this?

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• VMware postfix server drops connection

  - by nicoX

  Our physical server godzilla forwards mails to our virtuall VMware server b4. They are on the same net. Often connection drops, we can't ping godzilla with our b4. That means mails from godzilla won't reach b4 and the mails will be in handed into the mailq. Sometimes it takes some hours and the issue will auto fix itself, b4 will wake up and the mail will be delivered. Another thing if we remotely ssh into the b4, the b4 will wake up and and receive any mailq mails from godzilla and deliver them. netadmin@b4:/var/log$ arp -a ? (192.168.209.80) at 00:1E:C9:AE:79:9D [ether] on eth0 root@godzilla:/usr/local/bin# arp -a ? (192.168.209.20) at 00:50:56:91:7d:b2 [ether] on eth0

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• How to deny access to disabled AD accounts via kerberos in pam_krb5?

  - by Phil

  I have a working AD/Linux/LDAP/KRB5 directory and authentication setup, with one small problem. When an account is disabled, SSH publickey authentication still allows user login. It's clear that kerberos clients can identify a disabled account, as kinit and kpasswd return "Clients credentials have been revoked" with no further password / interaction. Can PAM be configured (with "UsePAM yes" in sshd_config) to disallow logins for disabled accounts, where authentication is done by publickey? This doesn't seem to work: account [default=bad success=ok user_unknown=ignore] pam_krb5.so Please don't introduce winbind in your answer - we don't use it.

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• Ethernet port sleeping on PS3 running linux

  - by Doug

  My lab has a PS3 running Ubuntu Linux 9.04 Server Edition. After a period of a few hours with no use, the Ethernet connection (eth0) seems to go to sleep, causing the connection to be lost. Pinging or trying to SSH into the machine results in no response. The fix I've been using is to access the machine locally and restart it (trying to bring eth0 down then up doesn't seem to correct it). I've tried setting up an hourly cron job that runs on the PS3 and pings another machine just to create network activity, but this doesn't seem to solve the problem either. Update: The solution was to run the above cron job much more frequently: every 10 minutes works.

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• apache url / filename with special characters

  - by Mario Delgado

  I have this url: http://domain.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Hvilke-vilkår-følger-med-når-du-bestiller-nyt-bredbånd.png If I ftp/ssh or just browse to that folder (apache index feature), I see the file Hvilke-vilkår-følger-med-når-du-bestiller-nyt-bredbånd.png If I click on the link from the apache index, I can see the file, however, if I copy the URL and try to browse to it directly, I get the error: The requested URL /wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Hvilke-vilkÃ¥r-følger-med-nÃ¥r-du-bestiller-nyt-bredbÃ¥nd.png was not found on this server. Also my error log says: File does not exist: /wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Hvilke-vilk\xc3\xa5r-f\xc3\xb8lger-med-n\xc3\xa5r-du-bestiller-nyt-bredb\xc3\xa5nd.png

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• Determine process using a port, without sudo

  - by pat

  I'd like to find out which process (in particular, the process id) is using a given port. The one catch is, I don't want to use sudo, nor am I logged in as root. The processes I want this to work for are run by the same user that I want to find the process id - so I would have thought this was simple. Both lsof and netstat won't tell me the process id unless I run them using sudo - they will tell me that the port is being used though. As some extra context - I have various apps all connecting via SSH to a server I manage, and creating reverse port forwards. Once those are set up, my server does some processing using the forwarded port, and then the connection can be killed. If I can map specific ports (each app has their own) to processes, this is a simple script. Any suggestions? This is on an Ubuntu box, by the way - but I'm guessing any solution will be standard across most Linux distros.

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