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• SD Card only mounted after a reboot

  - by evothur

  Hi everyone. I have a Kingston 2GB MicroSD and I plug it in via an inconix MicroSD Adapter to the internal card reader of my Samsung N210 Netbook with Ubuntu 10.10, but it doesn't show up. Only if I reboot the system when the card's plugged in it shows up. Why does it need a reboot for mounting? sudo fdisk -l gives the output below. But I can only see the drive when I reboot the computer while the card's plugged. Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x9a5a7990 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 1959 15728640 27 Unknown Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 * 1959 1972 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS /dev/sda3 1972 18992 136718750 83 Linux /dev/sda4 18992 19458 3738625 5 Extended /dev/sda5 18992 19458 3738624 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 1973 MB, 1973420032 bytes 60 heads, 59 sectors/track, 1088 cylinders Units = cylinders of 3540 * 512 = 1812480 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 1089 1927100+ 6 FAT16

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• Ubuntu 12.04 still slow at mounting internal filesystem

  - by Matthew Goson

  I'm using Toshiba laptop with this configuration: - CPU: Core i5, 2.4GHz - RAM: 4GB - Graphics card: Intel - Hard disk: 500GB SATA I installed Ubuntu 12.04 64bit and got the same issue with this guy Very slow boot due to mounting filesytem, I tried all suggestions there but the slow boot issue still here. Here's a part of my dmesg: [ 2.041015] usbhid: USB HID core driver [ 2.101378] usb 1-1.6: new full-speed USB device number 5 using ehci_hcd [ 2.137980] atl1c 0000:04:00.0: version 1.0.1.0-NAPI [ 2.779080] EXT4-fs (sda2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 22.822597] udevd[381]: starting version 175 [ 22.837954] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready [ 22.850837] lp: driver loaded but no devices found [ 23.003822] Adding 7079096k swap on /dev/sda7. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:7079096k [ 23.407915] mei: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned. [ 23.408153] mei 0000:00:16.0: PCI->APIC IRQ transform: INT A -> IRQ 16 [ 23.408160] mei 0000:00:16.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 23.408211] mei 0000:00:16.0: irq 44 for MSI/MSI-X [ 23.433196] [drm] Initialized drm 1.1.0 20060810 Additional information: my sda1 is a primary NTFS partition, sda2 is a primary ext4 partition which I installed Ubuntu onto. Other partitions are inside an extended partition.

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• Booting Ubuntu 12.04 from external eSATA disk

  - by Lord of Scripts

  This is my system topology: Disk #1 (SATA Internal) C: D: (Windows 7 Ultimate) Disk #2 (SATA Internal) E: (Windows Backup) Disk #3 (eSATA External) H: I: (Other windows data) /dev/sdc3 Linux Swap /dev/sdc4 Extended partition /dev/sdc5 Linux / So, I originally had there Ubuntu 8.1 from years ago but never got to use it. Now I used the Ubuntu 12.04 Live CD to install on that same location (That live CD takes a century to boot on a 6GB Intel i7 system...). The installation went fine, I selected it to install on /dev/sdc5 but it never asked me for any boot stuff, where I wanted to install Grub or whatever it is that it uses nowaways (I come from the LILO days when it always worked :-) So, yet again I can't access my new Linux installation. I have to wait a century to boot the "Live" CD and it allows me to see my new installation but I can't do anything with it. I tried the approach of this blog post. Copied the linux.bin of /dev/sdc5 into C: and used the BCDEdit steps to declare the new OS. So when I boot I see the Windows Boot menu and select Linux and after than I only get a black screen with a blinking cursor on the upper left. I can boot into Windows though. So, perhaps it didn't install the boot code on /dev/sdc5? I used this setup years ago booting from Windows with a BIN file: dd if=/dev/sdc5 of=/mnt/share/C/linux.bin bs=512 count=1 I am very reluctant to run GRUB because years ago I did and it wiped out my Windows boot sector and took quite some effort to recover it and be able to boot Windows again. I have been trying to install GRUB on a blank USB stick but I can't find anything clear enough. My system does NOT have a floppy. So can someone give me some ideas about how to get control of my Ubuntu 12.04 installation?

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• Are small amounts of functional programming understandable by non-FP people?

  - by kd35a

  Case: I'm working at a company, writing an application in Python that is handling a lot of data in arrays. I'm the only developer of this program at the moment, but it will probably be used/modified/extended in the future (1-3 years) by some other programmer, at this moment unknown to me. I will probably not be there directly to help then, but maybe give some support via email if I have time for it. So, as a developer who has learned functional programming (Haskell), I tend to solve, for example, filtering like this: filtered = filter(lambda item: included(item.time, dur), measures) The rest of the code is OO, it's just some small cases where I want to solve it like this, because it is much simpler and more beautiful according to me. Question: Is it OK today to write code like this? How does a developer that hasn't written/learned FP react to code like this? Is it readable? Modifiable? Should I write documentation like explaining to a child what the line does? # Filter out the items from measures for which included(item.time, dur) != True I have asked my boss, and he just says "FP is black magic, but if it works and is the most efficient solution, then it's OK to use it." What is your opinion on this? As a non-FP programmer, how do you react to the code? Is the code "googable" so you can understand what it does? I would love feedback on this :) Edit: I marked phant0m's post as answer, because he gives good advice on how to write the code in a more readable way, and still keep the advantages. But I would also like to recommend superM's post because of his viewpoint as a non-FP programmer.

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• Java and C# in web development [on hold]

  - by azalut

  I am wondering whether C# development(ASP.NET) is rather kind of "rapid development" or something "big" like JavaEE/Spring? We all know, that RoR or Django are really rapid-development frameworks - and so - is C# closer to Java "long-timed-development" or to frameworks like the two above - Django, RoR? I am, for now, an amateur Java programmer and sometimes I get annoyed with the amount of code that have to be written to create even a short CRUD app. We need a lot of skills to create at least a small app. I want some change, at least for some time and learn something new. I tried (just few hours) first: RoR, then Django and now I am writing in C#. It seems to be like Java but a little bit extended. In respect of future work as a professional coder - Is it profitable to know both competitive technologies like Java (and its frameworks) and C# with .NET(ASP.NET for example)? Maybe better choice is Python? Or just stop being stupid and still work with Java but with another framework(and master my Java skills) or JavaScript, jQuery to be better at web-development? Actually this question depends on your own opinions that is why I know that this question could be blocked by admins. But main question is in the top of the post I mean: is C# web-development rapid or closer to Java? I am afraid, that if I don't try, I will regret in the future, when I awake and think: oh my god, how could I not get familiar with (another_technology_or_language) Thanks for your attention :) ps I had asked the same question on stackoverflow, but it was hold because of being opinion based. Hope it fits here ;)

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• Use decorator and factory together to extend objects?

  - by TheClue

  I'm new to OOP and design pattern. I've a simple app that handles the generation of Tables, Columns (that belong to Table), Rows (that belong to Column) and Values (that belong to Rows). Each of these object can have a collection of Property, which is in turn defined as an enum. They are all interfaces: I used factories to get concrete instances of these products, depending on circumnstances. Now I'm facing the problem of extending these classes. Let's say I need another product called "SpecialTable" which in turn has some special properties or new methods like 'getSomethingSpecial' or an extended set of Property. The only way is to extend/specialize all my elements (ie. build a SpecialTableFactory, a SpecialTable interface and a SpecialTableImpl concrete)? What to do if, let's say, I plan to use standard methods like addRow(Column column, String name) that doesn't need to be specialized? I don't like the idea to inherit factories and interfaces, but since SpecialTable has more methods than Table i guess it cannot share the same factory. Am I wrong? Another question: if I need to define product properties at run time (a Table that is upgraded to SpecialTable at runtime), i guess i should use a decorator. Is it possible (and how) to combine both factory and decorator design? Is it better to use a State or Strategy pattern, instead?

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• Generating random tunnels

  - by IVlad

  What methods could we use to generate a random tunnel, similar to the one in this classic helicopter game? Other than that it should be smooth and allow you to navigate through it, while looking as natural as possible (not too symmetric but not overly distorted either), it should also: Most importantly - be infinite and allow me to control its thickness in time - make it narrower or wider as I see fit, when I see fit; Ideally, it should be possible to efficiently generate it with smooth curves, not rectangles as in the above game; I should be able to know in advance what its bounds are, so I can detect collisions and generate powerups inside the tunnel; Any other properties that let you have more control over it or offer optimization possibilities are welcome. Note: I'm not asking for which is best or what that game uses, which could spark extended discussion and would be subjective, I'm just asking for some methods that others know about or have used before or even think they might work. That is all, I can take it from there. Also asked on stackoverflow, where someone suggested I should ask here too. I think it fits in both places, since it's as much an algorithm question as it is a gamedev question, IMO.

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• How to mount drive in /media/userName/ like nautilus do using udisks

  - by Bsienn

  As of my current installation of Ubuntu 13.10 Unity, when i click on a drive in nautilus it get mounted in /media/username/mountedDrive i read that nautilus use udisks to do that. Basically i want to auto mount my drive using udisks in start up using this method But problem is, it mounts the drive in /media/mountedDrive, but i want it the way nautilus do in /media/username/mounteDrive I want NTFS Data drive to be auto mounted at /media/bsienn/ bsienn@bsienn-desktop:~$ blkid /dev/sda1: LABEL="System Reserved" UUID="8230744030743D6B" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda2: LABEL="Windows 7" UUID="60100EA5100E81F0" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda3: LABEL="Data" UUID="882C04092C03F14C" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda5: UUID="8768800f-59e1-41a2-9092-c0a8cb60dabf" TYPE="swap" /dev/sda6: LABEL="Ubuntu Drive" UUID="13ea474a-fb27-4c91-bae7-c45690f88954" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda7: UUID="69c22e73-9f64-4b48-b854-7b121642cd5d" TYPE="ext4" bsienn@bsienn-desktop:~$ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160000000000 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19452 cylinders, total 312500000 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x8d528d52 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 206847 102400 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 206848 117730069 58761611 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 158690072 312494116 76902022+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 117731326 158689279 20478977 5 Extended /dev/sda5 137263104 141260799 1998848 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda6 141262848 158689279 8713216 83 Linux /dev/sda7 117731328 137263103 9765888 83 Linux Partition table entries are not in disk order bsienn@bsienn-desktop:~$ cat /etc/fstab # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> # / was on /dev/sda7 during installation UUID=69c22e73-9f64-4b48-b854-7b121642cd5d / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation UUID=8768800f-59e1-41a2-9092-c0a8cb60dabf none swap sw 0 0 Desired effect: Picture link

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• Shader compile log depending on hardware

  - by dreta

  I'm done with the core of my graphics engine and I'm testing it on every platform I can get my hands on. Now, what I noticed is that different drivers return different shader and program compile log content. For example, on my friend's laptop if you successfuly compile a shader then the log is simply empty. However on my PC I get some useful information along with it. So if I compile a vertex shader, I'll get: Vertex shader was successfully compiled to run on hardware. Which isn't that impressive, but is what happens when I compile a program. On my friend's computer the log is empty, since the program compiles. However on my own computer I get: Vertex shader(s) linked, fragment shader(s) linked. Which is awesome, because I'm attaching a geometry shader with 0 (I have a geometry shader file with trash, so it doesn't compile and the pointer is set to 0), and the compiler just tells me which shaders linked. Now it got me thinking, if I was going to buy a graphics card, is there a way for me to get the information about whether or not I'll get this "extended" compile information? Maybe it's vendor specific? Now I don't expect an answer TBH, this seems a bit obscure, but maybe somebody has any experience with this and could post it.

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• Dual Boot Windows 8 and Ubuntu

  - by Nick

  My laptop has two hard drives, one 320GB HDD and a 30GB SSD. I installed Windows 8 on the HDD and Ubuntu on the SSD. However, after I installed Ubuntu, Windows 8 did not appear on the boot list. I tried boot-repair, but this didn't help.Here is the output of my fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x6cd9314a Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 625139711 312568832 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT Disk /dev/sdb: 30.0 GB, 30016659456 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3649 cylinders, total 58626288 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x6cd93132 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 2048 207126 102539+ 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 208894 58626047 29208577 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 208896 4112383 1951744 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb6 4114432 58626047 27255808 83 Linux Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 3965 MB, 3965190144 bytes 49 heads, 48 sectors/track, 3292 cylinders, total 7744512 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0009c694 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/mmcblk0p1 * 8192 7744511 3868160 b W95 FAT32 I also tried sudo grub-update, but that also did nothing.

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• Override methods should call base method?

  - by Trevor Pilley

  I'm just running NDepend against some code that I have written and one of the warnings is Overrides of Method() should call base.Method(). The places this occurs are where I have a base class which has virtual properties and methods with default behaviour but which can be overridden by a class which inherits from the base class and doesn't call the overridden method. For example, in the base class I have a property defined like this: protected virtual char CloseQuote { get { return '"'; } } And then in an inheriting class which uses a different close quote: protected override char CloseQuote { get { return ']'; } } Not all classes which inherit from the base class use different quote characters hence my initial design. The alternatives I thought of were have get/set properties in the base class with the defaults set in the constructor: protected BaseClass() { this.CloseQuote = '"'; } protected char CloseQuote { get; set; } public InheritingClass() { this.CloseQuote = ']'; } Or make the base class require the values as constructor args: protected BaseClass(char closeQuote, ...) { this.CloseQuote = '"'; } protected char CloseQuote { get; private set; } public InheritingClass() base (closeQuote: ']', ...) { } Should I use virtual in a scenario where the base implementation may be replaced instead of extended or should I opt for one of the alternatives I thought of? If so, which would be preferable and why?

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• Issue with increasing the root partition from the swap

  - by user211761

  I have an issue with increase the size of my root partition. I have ElementaryOS Luna, and while installing it asked me how much space I want to use. I choosed 15 GB for it, because I want to use this as an alternative system. The issue is that after the installation was complete, I found out that my root partition is only 7 GB big, and SWAP is 8 GB which is useless cuz I have 8 GB of RAM. Now I want to shrink the swap and increase the size of my root partition, so I booted the LiveCD and used GParted. I shrinked the swap without any problems, but now I cant add that free space to any partition. I also turned Swap off. I would add a picture, but I need at least 10 reputation to post images ( Stupid ) Its also worth mentioning that in Gparted its showing my partition in a different way. I would post an image BUT I CANT, so I need to write it down. Its something like this [Pointing arrow down] /dev/sda4 Extended /dev/sda5 ntfs /dev/sda6 ext4 (Which is my main partition) /dev/sda7 linux-swap unallocated Picture:

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• Re-installing Ubuntu without losing files, how to?

  - by moraleida

  Sometime back i bought a second PC to serve as my backup machine, but i've never managed to have it as i would like. Now i want to start over, but i've messed so much with it's disks that i'm kinda afraid to lose something on the way, thus this question. Right now, I have a 1Tb disk partitioned like this (as per GParted): /dev/sda1 (ext4) 346.12Gb - Is almost full, has an old install of Ubuntu 11.10. It no longer boots, ever since i installed Windows7 on /sda3. Everything that matters to me is tucked into /var/www/ all the rest can just go. /dev/sda2 (ext4) 196.45Gb - has an old install of 12.04 and nothing important, it's pretty much empty and also doesn't boot. /dev/sda3 (ntfs) 377.97Gb - is my boot partition with Windows 7, some important files and I'd like to keep it untouched. /dev/sda4 (extended) 10.97Gb - was created when i first installed Ubuntu, i think. In my ideal world, I'd like to safely reinstall Ubuntu from the 12.04 liveUSB and merge sda1 and sda2 without losing any files. Is that possible? How?

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• ubuntu boots only with usb

  - by klimat

  Just installed Ubuntu 11.04. But it boots only from usb. Seems like I didn't pay attention during selecting boot device. sudo fdisk -l [sudo] password for klim: Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000177e1 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 60045 482302976 83 Linux /dev/sda2 60045 60802 6080513 5 Extended Partition 2 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/sda5 60045 60802 6080512 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 4004 MB, 4004511744 bytes 124 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1017 cylinders Units = cylinders of 7688 * 512 = 3936256 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000eee1a Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 1 1017 3909317 b W95 FAT32 grub updating or another "grub" operations don't work as I've tried. Can I just copy whole boot folder from usb to HD or smth like that? Any kind of help is appreciated. Apologize for my newbie skills.

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• Windows partition UNKNOWN after Ubuntu installation attempt at dual boot - How to fix?

  - by user285645

  The idea was to install Win 7 and Ubuntu with dual boot. However, after installation, Gparted shows a /dev/sda1 as an 'unknown' filesystem and its size is 278 GB. All my windows files, data are in this partition. THen, there's /dev/sda2 with 'EXT4' filesystem (size-9.54 GB) - created during Ubuntu install. Then, there's /dev/sda3 with 'extended' filesystem (size- 10.5 GB) - created during Ubuntu install. Then, there's /dev/sda5 with 'linux swap' filesystem (size- 2 GB) - created during Ubuntu install. Then, there's /dev/sda6 with 'ext4' filesystem (size- 8.5 GB) - created during Ubuntu install. MY questions are: What exactly does this Gparted output above mean? How to recover my previous Windows 7 installation that's in /dev/sda1 (NTFS). I have some important files I need. Also, I had a PGP encryption on the disk before installing Ubuntu. Now, it just boots straight into Ubuntu... why? How to uninstall Ubuntu (the Try ubuntu and uninstall did not work. the boot-repair did not work) I have read other topics but noone has provided a proper step by step answer to how to recover my 278GB WIndows partition. The testdisk step by step procedure did not work. It says the NTFS disk is unrecognized.

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• What do ptLineDist and relativeCCW do?

  - by Fasih Khatib

  I saw these methods in the Line2D Java Docs but did not understand what they do? Javadoc for ptLineDist says: Returns the distance from a point to this line. The distance measured is the distance between the specified point and the closest point on the infinitely-extended line defined by this Line2D. If the specified point intersects the line, this method returns 0.0 Doc for relativeCCW says: Returns an indicator of where the specified point (PX, PY) lies with respect to the line segment from (X1, Y1) to (X2, Y2). The return value can be either 1, -1, or 0 and indicates in which direction the specified line must pivot around its first endpoint, (X1, Y1), in order to point at the specified point (PX, PY). A return value of 1 indicates that the line segment must turn in the direction that takes the positive X axis towards the negative Y axis. In the default coordinate system used by Java 2D, this direction is counterclockwise. A return value of -1 indicates that the line segment must turn in the direction that takes the positive X axis towards the positive Y axis. In the default coordinate system, this direction is clockwise. A return value of 0 indicates that the point lies exactly on the line segment. Note that an indicator value of 0 is rare and not useful for determining colinearity because of floating point rounding issues. If the point is colinear with the line segment, but not between the endpoints, then the value will be -1 if the point lies "beyond (X1, Y1)" or 1 if the point lies "beyond (X2, Y2)".

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• AngularJS dealing with large data sets (Strategy)

  - by Brian

  I am working on developing a personal temperature logging viewer based on my rasppi curl'ing data into my web server's api. Temperatures are taken every 2 seconds and I can have several temperature sensors posting data. Needless to say I will have a lot of data to handle even within the scope of an hour. I have implemented a very simple paging api from the server so the server doesn't timeout and is currently only returning data in 1000 units per call, then paging through the data. I had the idea to intially show say the last 20 minutes of data from a sensor (or all sensors depending on user choices), then allowing the user to select other timeframes from which to show data. The issue comes in when you want to view all sensors or an extended time period (say 24 hours). Is there a best practice of handling this large amount of data? Would it be useful to load those first 20 minutes into the live view and then cache into local storage something like the last 24 hours? I haven't been able to find a decent idea of this in use yet even though there are a lot of ways to take this problem. I am just looking for some suggestions as to what might provide a good balance between good performance and not caching the entire data set on the client side (as beyond a week of data this might not be feasible).

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• SSD and HDD have window 7 recovery partition. Can I delete one to make room for ubuntu?

  - by Brian Ecker

  I'm trying to install ubuntu right now, and I've run into a problem. I have Windows 7 installed on my SSD, and I want to install ubuntu on my HDD, but I already have three partitions on my HDD. The partitions are two Recovery Partitions and one data partition. What I don't understand is why my data drive(the HDD) has recovery partitions for Windows 7? The same recovery partitions(or atleast I think they are the same. Same sizes, same names, same order) are on the SSD with the Windows 7 install. Can I safely delete the recovery partitions on the HDD? My other option, I think, is to put the boot partition for ubuntu on the SSD where I only have three partitions. Then I can put the other three logical partitions for ubuntu in an extended partition on the HDD. Can I do that, put the boot partition on one drive and the other partitions on another? Here is a picture of the partitions and I have circled the one I would like to delete to make room. http://imgur.com/XOpJQ

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• Librated error when creating partition table

  - by Marko

  I bought a Dell Inspiron 5521 laptop a few days ago that came with Ubuntu preinstalled. I haven't used Ubuntu yet, and I don't have any experience in using it. I wanted to install Windows 7 64-bit on my laptop alongside Ubuntu, and made two bootable USB drives with Gparted and Windows 7. There wasn't a suitable partition on my laptop in which I could install Windows 7. I've read the instructions for using Gparted to create or manage my hard drive. I inserted the USB, booted from BIOS, and followed the procedure in installing Gparted. Then I entered Gparted, and the following error occurred: Librated error when Creating partition table. It asked me to click on either OK or Cancel. Either way I had my hard disk shown to me in the user window, in partitions that were made by the manufacturer: Partition File sys Label Size Flags /dev/sda1 fat32 dellutility 300.00 Mib diag /dev/sda2 fat32 os 3.00 Gib lba /dev/sda3 ext4 912.46 Gib boot /dev/sda4 extended 15.75 Gib (had a subpart) /dev/sda5 linux-swap 15.75 Gib ...and a option to switch to dev/sdb that's unused and of capacity 3Gib. I've used the biggest partition 912.46 Gib, and tried to reduce its size, and clicked OK. Then when I tried to make a new partition, it said it can't make any more partitions, no more than a maximum of 5. I would like to keep Ubuntu and slowly learn, but I also need to use programs that work in Windows. Thank you for taking the time to answer my question.

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• Resized Ubuntu 14.04 partition will not boot

  - by user292577

  First, a little background info: I intended to install Ubuntu alongside OS X, but I accidentally erased my entire hard drive and was left with Ubuntu alone. Yesterday, I finally tried to create a desperate partition and OS X. I successfully shrank my Ubuntu partition and created ~40 GB of free space. I used gparted to do this. At first I tried to use Internet Recovery to install OS X on the unallocated space I had created, but discovered I couldn't. I went back to gparted and created a FAT partition with that space. I'm pretty sure I actually did this using my Ubuntu partition on my hard drive (the one I had just shrunken), rather than the USB live boot I had used to shrink it. Therefore, at this point, I think my Ubuntu partition was still functioning properly. I went back to internet recovery and used disk utility to turn the FAT partition into a Mac OS Extended (Journaled) [HFS/HFS+] partition. I believe this is probably where the problem occurred. I successfully reinstalled OS X and found it to be fully functioning. However, when I tried to boot back into the Ubuntu partition all I got was a black screen with a little white cursor (it looks similar to a terminal screen/the Mac DFU mode, but I can't type anything into it. Is there anything I can do to repair my Ubuntu partition? If not, can I at least recover the data from it? Thank you for any help.

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• Unable to mount location ubuntu 12.10

  - by Rajesh

  I'm new to Ubuntu. I installed Ubuntu 12.10 replacing windows. Now I'm getting Unable to mount location error while opening the drive. $ cat /etc/fstab # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> # / was on /dev/sda1 during installation UUID=5fa63194-c19e-4117-95c6-679eb6453d3b / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation UUID=70f1ec8d-aa45-4de7-a206-747dccd2472b none swap sw 0 0 $ sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0001f10f Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 970561535 485279744 83 Linux /dev/sda2 970563582 976771071 3103745 5 Extended /dev/sda5 970563584 976771071 3103744 82 Linux swap / Solaris

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• How do I get 12.04 to recognize swap partition so that I can hibernate?

  - by Kayla

  I justed installed 12.04 and used gparted to erase and enlarge my swap partition. When I rebooted, gparted said that the file partition for the swap was unknown. Gparted doesn't let me change the file partition to "linux-swap". It does let me change it to NTFS, but when I reboot, it goes back to "unknown". Thanks in advance for your help. Output from sudo swapon -s: Filename Type Size Used Priority /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 partition 9025532 0 -1 Output from sudo fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x9d63ac84 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 2459647 1228800 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 2459648 197836472 97688412+ 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3 466890752 488395119 10752184 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4 197836798 466890751 134526977 5 Extended /dev/sda5 197836800 448837631 125500416 83 Linux /dev/sda6 448839680 466890751 9025536 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition table entries are not in disk order Disk /dev/mapper/cryptswap1: 9242 MB, 9242148864 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1123 cylinders, total 18051072 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x951b7f53 Disk /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 doesn't contain a valid partition table

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• why Ubuntu 12.04.1 nautilus left panel, doesn't show other partitions and usb drives?

  - by amerllica

  how do you do friends will be fine I had Ubuntu 12.04 and all thing work well but at one day i decide to change my partition tables, and done it. at now I've windows 8, Ubuntu 12.04.1 and Backtrack5 R3 on my laptop. my partitions are: /dev/sda1 * 2048 58597375 29297664 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2 58601472 976773119 459085824 5 Extended /dev/sda5 58605120 797020159 369207520 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda6 797030400 933763071 68366336 83 Linux /dev/sda7 933765120 972834815 19534848 83 Linux /dev/sda8 972836864 976773119 1968128 82 Linux swap / Solaris at first I install windows 8 and then Backtrack5 R3, and at last I install Ubuntu 12.04.1 and I realize that my Ubuntu nautilus doesn't show other partitions or usb/cd/dvd drives. I search in Google and various Linux or Ubuntu forums, But I can't find any solution, just one thing... that is "gvfs-gdu-volume" cause nautilus left panel show other partitions which didn't mounted. but when I see top there isn't this program. who can I solve this problem? how nautilus can show other partitions or drives in its left panel once again?

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• Mounting a new hard drive (sda1) to my existing filesystem

  - by shank22

  I tried to read some posts regarding mounting a new hard drive, but I am facing some problem. My new hard drive is sda1. The output of sudo fdisk -l is: sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sdb: 999.7 GB, 999653638144 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121534 cylinders, total 1952448512 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00016485 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 2048 1935822847 967910400 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 1935824894 1952446463 8310785 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 1935824896 1952446463 8310784 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x78dbcdc1 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 2048 1953521663 976759808 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT What should be done to add this new sda1 hard drive on booting up? What should be added in the /etc/fstab file? I have not performed any partition on the new sda1 drive. I need help on how to proceed from scratch and can't afford to take any risk. Please help!

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• Interface contracts – forcing code contracts through interfaces

  - by DigiMortal

  Sometimes we need a way to make different implementations of same interface follow same rules. One option is to duplicate contracts to all implementation but this is not good option because we have duplicated code then. The other option is to force contracts to all implementations at interface level. In this posting I will show you how to do it using interface contracts and contracts class. Using code from previous example about unit testing code with code contracts I will go further and force contracts at interface level. Here is the code from previous example. Take a careful look at it because I will talk about some modifications to this code soon. public interface IRandomGenerator {     int Next(int min, int max); }   public class RandomGenerator : IRandomGenerator {     private Random _random = new Random();       public int Next(int min, int max)     {         return _random.Next(min, max);     } }    public class Randomizer {     private IRandomGenerator _generator;       private Randomizer()     {         _generator = new RandomGenerator();     }       public Randomizer(IRandomGenerator generator)     {         _generator = generator;     }       public int GetRandomFromRangeContracted(int min, int max)     {         Contract.Requires<ArgumentOutOfRangeException>(             min < max,             "Min must be less than max"         );           Contract.Ensures(             Contract.Result<int>() >= min &&             Contract.Result<int>() <= max,             "Return value is out of range"         );           return _generator.Next(min, max);     } } If we look at the GetRandomFromRangeContracted() method we can see that contracts set in this method are applicable to all implementations of IRandomGenerator interface. Although we can write new implementations as we want these implementations need exactly the same contracts. If we are using generators somewhere else then code contracts are not with them anymore. To solve the problem we will force code contracts at interface level. NB! To make the following code work you must enable Contract Reference Assembly building from project settings. Interface contracts and contracts class Interface contains no code – only definitions of members that implementing type must have. But code contracts must be defined in body of member they are part of. To get over this limitation, code contracts are defined in separate contracts class. Interface is bound to this class by special attribute and contracts class refers to interface through special attribute. Here is the IRandomGenerator with contracts and contracts class. Also I write simple fake so we can test contracts easily based only on interface mock. [ContractClass(typeof(RandomGeneratorContracts))] public interface IRandomGenerator {     int Next(int min, int max); }   [ContractClassFor(typeof(IRandomGenerator))] internal sealed class RandomGeneratorContracts : IRandomGenerator {     int IRandomGenerator.Next(int min, int max)     {         Contract.Requires<ArgumentOutOfRangeException>(                 min < max,                 "Min must be less than max"             );           Contract.Ensures(             Contract.Result<int>() >= min &&             Contract.Result<int>() <= max,             "Return value is out of range"         );           return default(int);     } }   public class RandomFake : IRandomGenerator {     private int _testValue;       public RandomGen(int testValue)     {         _testValue = testValue;     }       public int Next(int min, int max)     {         return _testValue;     } } To try out these changes use the following code. var gen = new RandomFake(3);   try {     gen.Next(10, 1); } catch(Exception ex) {     Debug.WriteLine(ex.Message); }   try {     gen.Next(5, 10); } catch(Exception ex) {     Debug.WriteLine(ex.Message); } Now we can force code contracts to all types that implement our IRandomGenerator interface and we must test only the interface to make sure that contracts are defined correctly.

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