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  • Dynamic upsert in postgresql

    - by Daniel
    I have this upsert function that allows me to modify the fill_rate column of a row. CREATE FUNCTION upsert_fillrate_alarming(integer, boolean) RETURNS VOID AS ' DECLARE num ALIAS FOR $1; dat ALIAS FOR $2; BEGIN LOOP -- First try to update. UPDATE alarming SET fill_rate = dat WHERE equipid = num; IF FOUND THEN RETURN; END IF; -- Since its not there we try to insert the key -- Notice if we had a concurent key insertion we would error BEGIN INSERT INTO alarming (equipid, fill_rate) VALUES (num, dat); RETURN; EXCEPTION WHEN unique_violation THEN -- Loop and try the update again END; END LOOP; END; ' LANGUAGE 'plpgsql'; Is it possible to modify this function to take a column argument as well? Extra bonus points if there is a way to modify the function to take a column and a table.

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  • How to run a program in python?

    - by Luka Mihaldinec
    this is my code. I'm trying to make a script which would run an .exe file from my computer. And this one isn't working :/ I think I'm using the wrong command.. I tried all the other commands like import os, os.startfile, but they won't work too. I think my code is just wrong :P loop=0 while loop==0: answer=raw_input("coded by: Narralol\n\n" "Pick a task:\n" "1) Start Minecraft.exe\n" "2) Start Minecraft_Server.jar\n" "3) Backup your server\n" "4) Copy the backup to your desktop\n" "5) Exit\n") if answer==1: execfile('D:\Games\Minecraft\Minecraft.exe') elif answer==2: execfile('D:\Games\Minecraft\Minecraft_server.jar') elif answer==5: loop=1

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  • Interrupting `while loop` with keyboard in Cython

    - by linello
    I want to be able to interrupt a long function with cython, using the usual CTRL+C interrupt command. My C++ long function is repeatedly called inside a while loop from Cython code, but I want to be able, during the loop, to send an "interrupt" and block the while loop. The interrupt also should wait the longFunction() to finish, so that no data are lost or kept in unknown status. This is one of my first implementation, which obviously doesn't work: computed=0; print "Computing long function..." while ( computed==0 ): try: computed = self.thisptr.aLongFunction() except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit): computed=1 print '\n! Received keyboard interrupt.\n' break; (p.s. self.thisptr is the pointer to the current class which implements aLongFunction() )

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  • What's an easy way of storing an array of numbers in Javascript that I can add/remove from?

    - by SLC
    In C# I would create a List then I could add and remove numbers very easily. Does identical functionality exist in Javascript, or do I have to write my own methods to search and remove items using a loop? var NumberList = []; NumberList.Add(17); NumberList.Add(25); NumberList.Remove(17); etc. I know I can use .push to add a number, so I guess it's really how to remove an individual number without using a loop that I'm looking for. edit: of course, if there's no other way then I'll use a loop!:)

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  • Looping differences in Ruby using Range vs. Times

    - by jbjuly
    I'm trying to solve a Project Euler problem using Ruby, I used 4 different looping methods, the for-loop, times, range and upto method, however the for-loop and times method only produces the expected answer, while the range and upto method does not. I'm assuming that they are somewhat the same, but I found out it's not. Can someone please explain the differences between these methods? Here's the looping structure I used # for-loop method for n in 0..1 puts n end 0 1 => 0..1 # times method 2.times do |n| puts n end 0 1 => 2 # range method (0..1).each do |n| puts n end 0 1 => 0..1 # upto method 0.upto(1) do |n| puts n end 0 1 => 0

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  • multiple move operations and data processes in work thread

    - by younevertell
    main thread-- start workthread--StartStage(get list of positions for data process) -- move to one position -- data sampling*strong text*-- data collection--data analysis------data sampling*strong text* basically, work thread does the data sampling*strong text*-- data collection--data analysis------data sampling*strong text* loop for one positioin until press stop or target is obtained. my questions: After work thread finishs the loop for one positioin, it would end itself. now how to make the work thread moves to the next position to do the data process loop after work thread finish one position work, would not end itself until data process for all the positions are done? Thanks in advance!

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  • Either .each do or .all isn't working how I think it should

    - by user1299656
    So whenever someone rates a shop, I want the Shop model to calculate its new average rating and store that in the database (instead of calculating the average every time someone looks at it). So I wrote the segment of code that follows, and it doesn't work. The loop always iterates exactly once, no matter how many shop_ratings in the database exist that have the shop's id as their shop_id. I played around with it a bit and found that every time a new rating is submitted the function is called successfully, but it only runs the loop once and sets the average to what the first rating was. I don't know if the "query" that sets the ratings variable is wrong or if it's the loop that's wrong. class Shop < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :shop_ratings attr_accessible :name, :latitude, :longitude validates_presence_of :name validates_presence_of :latitude validates_presence_of :longitude def distance_to(lat, long) return (self.longitude - long) + (self.latitude - lat) end def find_average total = 0 count = 0 ratings = ShopRating.all(:conditions => {:shop_id => id}) ratings.each do |submission| total = total + submission.rating count = count + 1 end update_attribute :average_rating, total/count end end

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  • How can i initialize an array without knowing it size?

    - by Sara
    I have a situation where i have to apply a criteria on an input array and reuturn another array as output which will have smaller size based upon the filtering criteria. Now problem is i do not know the size of filtered results, so i can not initialize the array with specific value. And i do not want it to be large size will null values because i am using array.length; later on. One way is to first loop the original input array and set a counter, and then make another loop with that counter length and initialize and fill this array[]. But is there anyway to do the job in just one loop?

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  • how to exit recursive math formula and still get an answer

    - by calccrypto
    i wrote this python code, which from wolfram alpha says that its supposed to return the factorial of any positive value (i probably messed up somewhere), integer or not: from math import * def double_factorial(n): if int(n) == n: n = int(n) if [0,1].__contains__(n): return 1 a = (n&1) + 2 b = 1 while a<=n: b*=a a+= 2 return float(b) else: return factorials(n/2) * 2**(n/2) *(pi/2)**(.25 *(-1+cos(n * pi))) def factorials(n): return pi**(.5 * sin(n*pi)**2) * 2**(-n + .25 * (-1 + cos(2*n*pi))) * double_factorial(2*n) the problem is , say i input pi to 6 decimal places. 2*n will not become a float with 0 as its decimals any time soon, so the equation turns out to be pi**(.5 * sin(n*pi)**2) * 2**(-n + .25 * (-1 + cos(2*n*pi))) * double_factorial(loop(loop(loop(...))))) how would i stop the recursion and still get the answer? ive had suggestions to add an index to the definitions or something, but the problem is, if the code stops when it reaches an index, there is still no answer to put back into the previous "nests" or whatever you call them

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  • Is it a good idea to apply some basic macros to simplify code in a large project?

    - by DoctorT
    I've been working on a foundational c++ library for some time now, and there are a variety of ideas I've had that could really simplify the code writing and managing process. One of these is the concept of introducing some macros to help simplify statements that appear very often, but are a bit more complicated than should be necessary. For example, I've come up with this basic macro to simplify the most common type of for loop: #define loop(v,n) for(unsigned long v=0; v<n; ++v) This would enable you to replace those clunky for loops you see so much of: for (int i = 0, i < max_things; i++) With something much easier to write, and even slightly more efficient: loop (i, max_things) Is it a good idea to use conventions like this? Are there any problems you might run into with different types of compilers? Would it just be too confusing for someone unfamiliar with the macro(s)?

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  • Asign Id's dynamically to DOM elements with javascript.

    - by jnkrois
    Hello everybody, I just have a quick question about how to generate id's on-the-fly for HTML elements. So far I've tried a few things, I started with a "for" loop, I already know how many elements I have to generate Id's for, in this case I have an "ul" with 6 "li". My "for" loop is as follows: var items = $("ul li").length; for(var i = 0; i <= items; i++){ $("ul li").attr("id", "number" + i); } "number" would be the new id concatenated with "i", so I get a different Id for each "li". As you can probably tell, this does not work, because I end up with the same Id for each "li": in this case I get <li id="number6">... </li> for all the "li" elments in the "ul". I tried a "while" loop and ".each()" with jQuery but I get the exact same thing. Any help would be appreciated.

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  • Thread Jobs in Java

    - by Bragaadeesh
    Hi, I want to spawn 200 threads simultaneously in Java. What I'm doing right now is running into a loop and creating 200 threads and starting them. After these 200 gets completed, I want to spawn another 200 set of threads and so on. The gist here is that the first 200 threads I spawned need to be FINISHED before spawning the next set. I tried the code below, but its not working for(int i=0;i<200;i++){ Thread myThread = new Thread(runnableInstance); myThread.start(); } for(int i=0;i<200;i++){ Thread myThread = new Thread(runnableInstance); myThread.start(); } Note: I have intentionally put the for loop Twice, but the desired effect I intend is not happening simply because the second for loop is executed before the first set of threads end their execution. Please advise

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  • Return multiple results using dynamic sql (postgresql 8.2)

    - by precose
    I want to loop through schemas and get a result set that looks like this: Count 5 834 345 34 984 However, I can't get it to return anything using dynamic sql...I've tried everything but 8.2 is being a real pain. Here is my function: CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION dwh.adam_test4() RETURNS void LANGUAGE plpgsql AS $function$ DECLARE myschema text; rec RECORD; BEGIN FOR myschema IN select distinct c.table_schema, d.p_id from information_schema.tables t inner join information_schema.columns c on (t.table_schema = t.table_schema and t.table_name = c.table_name) join dwh.sgmt_clients d on c.table_schema = lower(d.userid) where c.table_name = 'fact_members' and c.column_name = 'debit_card' and t.table_schema NOT LIKE 'pg_%' and t.table_schema NOT IN ('information_schema', 'ad_delivery', 'dwh', 'users', 'wand', 'ttd') order by table_schema LOOP EXECUTE 'select count(ucic) from '|| myschema || '.' ||'fact_members where debit_card = ''yes''' into rec; RETURN rec; END LOOP; END $function$

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  • Writing a script for reading many .csv files with similar filenames

    - by wahalulu
    I have several .csv files with similar filenames except a numeric month (i.e. 03_data.csv, 04_data.csv, 05_data.csv, etc.) that I'd like to read into R. I have two questions: Is there a function in R similar to MATLAB's varname and assignin that will let me create/declare a variable name within a function or loop that will allow me to read the respective .csv file - i.e. 03_data.csv into 03_data data.frame, etc.? I want to write a quick loop to do this because the filenames are similar. As an alternative, is it better to create one dataframe with the first file and then append the rest using a for loop? How would I do that?

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  • Dynamically changing databases in SQL Server 2000

    - by spuppett
    At work we have a number of databases that we need to do the same operations on. I would like to write 1 SP that would loop over operations and set the database at the beginning of the loop (example to follow). I've tried sp_executesql('USE ' + @db_id) but that only sets the DB for the scope of that stored procedure. I don't really want to loop with hard coded database names because we need to do similar things in many different places and it's tough to remember where things need to change if we add another DB. Any thoughts Example: DECLARE zdb_loop CURSOR FAST_FORWARD FOR SELECT distinct db_id from DBS order by db_id OPEN zdb_loop FETCH NEXT FROM zdb_loop INTO @db_id WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 BEGIN USE @db_id --Do stuff against 3 or 4 different DBs FETCH NEXT FROM zdb_loop INTO @db_id END CLOSE zdb_loop DEALLOCATE zdb_loop

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  • Recursively determine average value

    - by theva
    I have to calculate an average value of my simulation. The simulation is ongoing and I want (for each iteration) to print the current average value. How do I do that? I tried the code below (in the loop), but I do not think that the right value is calculated... int average = 0; int newValue; // Continuously updated value. if(average == 0) { average = newValue; } average = (average + newValue)/2; I also taught about store each newValue in an array and for each iteration summarize the whole array and do the calculation. However, I don't think that's a good solution, because the loop is an infinity loop so I can't really determine the size of the array. There is also a possibility that I am thinking too much and that the code above is actually correct, but I don't think so...

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  • What is better: to delete pointer or set it with a new value?

    - by user63898
    Hi simple question in c++ , say i have a loop and i have function that returns pointer to item so i have to define inner loop pointer so my question is what to do with the pointer inside the loop , delete it ? or to set it with new value is good for example: for(int i =0;i<count();i++) { ptrTmp* ptr = getItemPtr(); // do somthing with the ptr ... // what to do here ? to delete the poinetr or not? delete ptr; // ?? }

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  • in c++ what is bettr to delete poiner or set it with new value?

    - by user63898
    Hi simple question in c++ , say i have a loop and i have function that returns pointer to item so i have to define inner loop pointer so my question is what to do with the pointer inside the loop , delete it ? or to set it with new value is good for example: for(int i =0;i<count();i++) { ptrTmp* ptr = getItemPtr(); // do somthing with the ptr ... // what to do here ? to delete the poinetr or not? delete ptr; // ?? }

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  • Installing Visual Studio Team Foundation Server Service Pack 1

    - by Martin Hinshelwood
    As has become customary when the product team releases a new patch, SP or version I like to document the install. Although I had no errors on my main computer, my netbook did have problems. Although I am not ready to call it a Service Pack problem just yet! Update 2011-03-10 – Running the Team Foundation Server 2010 Service Pack 1 install a second time worked As per Brian's post I am installing the Team Foundation Server Service Pack first and indeed as this is a single server local deployment I need to install both. If I only install one it will leave the other product broken. This however does not affect you if you are running Visual Studio and Team Foundation Server on separate computers as is normal in a production deployment. Main workhorse I will be installing the service pack first on my main computer as I want to actually use it here. Figure: My main workhorse I will also be installing this on my netbook which is obviously of significantly lower spec, but I will do that one after. Although, as always I had my fingers crossed, I was not really worried. Figure: KB2182621 Compared to Visual Studio there are not really a lot of components to update. Figure: TFS 2010 and SQL 2008 are the main things to update There is no “web” installer for the Team Foundation Server 2010 Service Pack, but that is ok as most people will be installing it on a production server and will want to have everything local. I would have liked a Web installer, but the added complexity for the product team is not work the capability for a 500mb patch. Figure: There is currently no way to roll SP1 and RTM together Figure: No problems with the file verification, phew Figure: Although the install took a while, it progressed smoothly   Figure: I always like a success screen Well, as far as the install is concerned everything is OK, but what about TFS? Can I still connect and can I still administer it. Figure: Service Pack 1 is reflected correctly in the Administration Console I am confident that there are no major problems with TFS on my system and that it has been updated to SP1. I can do all of the things that I used before with ease, and with the new features detailed by Brian I think I will be happy. Netbook The great god Murphy has stuck, and my poor wee laptop spat the Team Foundation Server 2010 Service Pack 1 out so fast it hit me on the back of the head. That will teach me for not looking… Figure: “Installation did not succeed” I am pretty sure should not be all caps! On examining the file I found that everything worked, except the actual Team Foundation Server 2010 serving step. Action: System Requirement Checks... Action complete Action: Downloading and/or Verifying Items c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\VS10-KB2182621.msp: Verifying signature for VS10-KB2182621.msp c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\VS10-KB2182621.msp Signature verified successfully for VS10-KB2182621.msp c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\DACFramework_enu.msi: Verifying signature for DACFramework_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\DACFramework_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for DACFramework_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\DACProjectSystemSetup_enu.msi: Verifying signature for DACProjectSystemSetup_enu.msi Exists: evaluating Exists evaluated to false c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\DACProjectSystemSetup_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for DACProjectSystemSetup_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\TSqlLanguageService_enu.msi: Verifying signature for TSqlLanguageService_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\TSqlLanguageService_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for TSqlLanguageService_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SharedManagementObjects_x86_enu.msi: Verifying signature for SharedManagementObjects_x86_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SharedManagementObjects_x86_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for SharedManagementObjects_x86_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SharedManagementObjects_amd64_enu.msi: Verifying signature for SharedManagementObjects_amd64_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SharedManagementObjects_amd64_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for SharedManagementObjects_amd64_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SQLSysClrTypes_x86_enu.msi: Verifying signature for SQLSysClrTypes_x86_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SQLSysClrTypes_x86_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for SQLSysClrTypes_x86_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SQLSysClrTypes_amd64_enu.msi: Verifying signature for SQLSysClrTypes_amd64_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SQLSysClrTypes_amd64_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for SQLSysClrTypes_amd64_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.cab: Verifying signature for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.cab c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.cab Signature verified successfully for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.cab c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.msi: Verifying signature for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.msi Signature verified successfully for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SetupUtility.exe: Verifying signature for SetupUtility.exe c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SetupUtility.exe Signature verified successfully for SetupUtility.exe c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.cab: Verifying signature for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.cab c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.cab Signature verified successfully for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.cab c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.msi: Verifying signature for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.msi Signature verified successfully for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\NDP40-KB2468871.exe: Verifying signature for NDP40-KB2468871.exe c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\NDP40-KB2468871.exe Signature verified successfully for NDP40-KB2468871.exe Action complete Action: Performing actions on all Items Entering Function: BaseMspInstallerT >::PerformAction Action: Performing Install on MSP: c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\VS10-KB2182621.msp targetting Product: Microsoft Team Foundation Server 2010 - ENU Returning IDOK. INSTALLMESSAGE_ERROR [Error 1935.An error occurred during the installation of assembly 'Microsoft.TeamFoundation.WebAccess.WorkItemTracking,version="10.0.0.0",publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a",processorArchitecture="MSIL",fileVersion="10.0.40219.1",culture="neutral"'. Please refer to Help and Support for more information. HRESULT: 0x80070005. ] Returning IDOK. INSTALLMESSAGE_ERROR [Error 1712.One or more of the files required to restore your computer to its previous state could not be found. Restoration will not be possible.] Patch (c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\VS10-KB2182621.msp) Install failed on product (Microsoft Team Foundation Server 2010 - ENU). Msi Log: MSI returned 0x643 Entering Function: MspInstallerT >::Rollback Action Rollback changes PerformMsiOperation returned 0x643 PerformMsiOperation returned 0x643 OnFailureBehavior for this item is to Rollback. Action complete Final Result: Installation failed with error code: (0x80070643), "Fatal error during installation. " (Elapsed time: 0 00:14:09). Figure: Error log for Team Foundation Server 2010 install shows a failure As there is really no information in this log as to why the installation failed so I checked the event log on that box. Figure: There are hundreds of errors and it actually looks like there are more problems than a failed Service Pack I am going to just run it again and see if it was because the netbook was slow to catch on to the update. Hears hoping, but even if it fails, I would question the installation of Windows (PDC laptop original install) before I question the Service Pack Figure: Second run through was successful I don’t know if the laptop was just slow, or what… Did you get this error? If you did I will push this to the product team as a problem, but unless more people have this sort of error, I will just look to write this off as a corrupted install of Windows and reinstall.

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  • Create Orchard Module in a Separate Project

    - by Steve Michelotti
    The Orchard Project is a new OOS Microsoft project that is being developed up on CodePlex. From the Orchard home page on CodePlex, it states “Orchard project is focused on delivering a .NET-based CMS application that will allow users to rapidly create content-driven Websites, and an extensibility framework that will allow developers and customizers to provide additional functionality through modules and themes.” The Orchard Project site contains additional information including documentation and walkthroughs. The ability to create a composite solution based on a collection of modules is a compelling feature. In Orchard, these modules can just be created as simple MVC Areas or they can also be created inside of stand-alone web application projects.  The walkthrough for writing an Orchard module that is available on the Orchard site uses a simple Area that is created inside of the host application. It is based on the Orchard MIX presentation. This walkthrough does an effective job introducing various Orchard concepts such as hooking into the navigation system, theme/layout system, content types, and more.  However, creating an Orchard module in a separate project does not seem to be concisely documented anywhere. Orchard ships with several module OOTB that are in separate assemblies – but again, it’s not well documented how to get started building one from scratch. The following are the steps I took to successfully get an Orchard module in a separate project up and running. Step 1 – Download the OrchardIIS.zip file from the Orchard Release page. Unzip and open up the solution. Step 2 – Add your project to the solution. I named my project “Orchard.Widget” and used and “MVC 2 Empty Web Application” project type. Make sure you put the physical path inside the “Modules” sub-folder to the main project like this: At this point the solution should look like: Step 3 – Add assembly references to Orchard.dll and Orchard.Core.dll. Step 4 – Add a controller and view.  I’ll just create a Hello World controller and view. Notice I created the view as a partial view (*.ascx). Also add the [Themed] attribute to the top of the HomeController class just like the normal Orchard walk through shows it. Step 5 – Add Module.txt to the project root. The is a very important step. Orchard will not recognize your module without this text file present.  It can contain just the name of your module: name: Widget Step 6 – Add Routes.cs. Notice I’ve given an area name of “Orchard.Widget” on lines 26 and 33. 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Web.Mvc; 4: using System.Web.Routing; 5: using Orchard.Mvc.Routes; 6:   7: namespace Orchard.Widget 8: { 9: public class Routes : IRouteProvider 10: { 11: public void GetRoutes(ICollection<RouteDescriptor> routes) 12: { 13: foreach (var routeDescriptor in GetRoutes()) 14: { 15: routes.Add(routeDescriptor); 16: } 17: } 18:   19: public IEnumerable<RouteDescriptor> GetRoutes() 20: { 21: return new[] { 22: new RouteDescriptor { 23: Route = new Route( 24: "Widget/{controller}/{action}/{id}", 25: new RouteValueDictionary { 26: {"area", "Orchard.Widget"}, 27: {"controller", "Home"}, 28: {"action", "Index"}, 29: {"id", ""} 30: }, 31: new RouteValueDictionary(), 32: new RouteValueDictionary { 33: {"area", "Orchard.Widget"} 34: }, 35: new MvcRouteHandler()) 36: } 37: }; 38: } 39: } 40: } Step 7 – Add MainMenu.cs. This will make sure that an item appears in the main menu called “Widget” which points to the module. 1: using System; 2: using Orchard.UI.Navigation; 3:   4: namespace Orchard.Widget 5: { 6: public class MainMenu : INavigationProvider 7: { 8: public void GetNavigation(NavigationBuilder builder) 9: { 10: builder.Add(menu => menu.Add("Widget", item => item.Action("Index", "Home", new 11: { 12: area = "Orchard.Widget" 13: }))); 14: } 15:   16: public string MenuName 17: { 18: get { return "main"; } 19: } 20: } 21: } Step 8 – Clean up web.config. By default Visual Studio adds numerous sections to the web.config. The sections that can be removed are: appSettings, connectionStrings, authentication, membership, profile, and roleManager. Step 9 – Delete Global.asax. This project will ultimately be running from inside the Orchard host so this “sub-site” should not have its own Global.asax.   Now you’re ready the run the app.  When you first run it, the “Widget” menu item will appear in the main menu because of the MainMenu.cs file we added: We can then click the “Widget” link in the main menu to send us over to our view:   Packaging From start to finish, it’s a relatively painless experience but it could be better. For example, a Visual Studio project template that encapsulates aspects from this blog post would definitely make it a lot easier to get up and running with creating an Orchard module.  Another aspect I found interesting is that if you read the first paragraph of the walkthrough, it says, “You can also develop modules as separate projects, to be packaged and shared with other users of Orchard CMS (the packaging story is still to be defined, along with marketplaces for sharing modules).” In particular, I will be extremely curious to see how the “packaging story” evolves. The first thing that comes to mind for me is: what if we explored MvcContrib Portable Areas as a potential mechanism for this packaging? This would certainly make things easy since all artifacts (aspx, aspx, images, css, javascript) are all wrapped up into a single assembly. Granted, Orchard does have its own infrastructure for layouts and themes but it seems like integrating portable areas into this pipeline would not be a difficult undertaking. Maybe that’ll be the next research task. :)

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  • org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'transactionManager

    - by BilalFromParis
    when I add the code into my spring configuration file beans-hibernate.xml <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean> It doesn't work and I don't know why, can someone help me please ? My Dao Class is : public class CourseDaoImpl implements CourseDao { private SessionFactory sessionFactory; public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) { this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory; } @Transactional public void store(Course course) { sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().saveOrUpdate(course); } @Transactional public void delete(Long courseId) { Course course = (Course)sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().get(Course.class, courseId); sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().delete(course); } @Transactional(readOnly=true) public Course findById(Long courseId) { return (Course)sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().get(Course.class, courseId); } @Transactional public List<Course> findAll() { Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery("FROM Course"); return (List<Course>)query.list(); } } but : juil. 04, 2012 3:38:18 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh Infos: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@6ba8fb1b: startup date [Wed Jul 04 03:38:18 CEST 2012]; root of context hierarchy juil. 04, 2012 3:38:18 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions Infos: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [beans-hibernate.xml] juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons Infos: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@5a7fed46: defining beans [org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator,org.springframework.transaction.annotation.AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource#0,org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor#0,org.springframework.transaction.config.internalTransactionAdvisor,sessionFactory,transactionManager,courseDao]; root of factory hierarchy juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.annotations.common.Version INFO: HCANN000001: Hibernate Commons Annotations {4.0.1.Final} juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.Version logVersion INFO: HHH000412: Hibernate Core {4.1.3.Final} juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment INFO: HHH000206: hibernate.properties not found juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.cfg.Environment buildBytecodeProvider INFO: HHH000021: Bytecode provider name : javassist juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure INFO: HHH000402: Using Hibernate built-in connection pool (not for production use!) juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure INFO: HHH000115: Hibernate connection pool size: 20 juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure INFO: HHH000006: Autocommit mode: false juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure INFO: HHH000401: using driver [org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect] at URL [jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/spring] juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl configure INFO: HHH000046: Connection properties: {user=Bilal, password=**} juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect INFO: HHH000400: Using dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.LobCreatorBuilder useContextualLobCreation INFO: HHH000423: Disabling contextual LOB creation as JDBC driver reported JDBC version [3] less than 4 juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.TransactionFactoryInitiator initiateService INFO: HHH000399: Using default transaction strategy (direct JDBC transactions) juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.ASTQueryTranslatorFactory INFO: HHH000397: Using ASTQueryTranslatorFactory juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute INFO: HHH000228: Running hbm2ddl schema update juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute INFO: HHH000102: Fetching database metadata juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute INFO: HHH000396: Updating schema juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata INFO: HHH000261: Table found: public.course juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata INFO: HHH000037: Columns: [fee, id, title, end_date, begin_date] juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata INFO: HHH000108: Foreign keys: [] juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.TableMetadata INFO: HHH000126: Indexes: [course_pkey] juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl.SchemaUpdate execute INFO: HHH000232: Schema update complete juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry destroySingletons Infos: Destroying singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@5a7fed46: defining beans [org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator,org.springframework.transaction.annotation.AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource#0,org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor#0,org.springframework.transaction.config.internalTransactionAdvisor,sessionFactory,transactionManager,courseDao]; root of factory hierarchy juil. 04, 2012 3:38:19 AM org.hibernate.service.jdbc.connections.internal.DriverManagerConnectionProviderImpl stop INFO: HHH000030: Cleaning up connection pool [jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/spring] Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'transactionManager' defined in class path resource [beans-hibernate.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/hibernate/engine/SessionFactoryImplementor at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1455) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:585) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:913) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464) at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139) at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:83) at com.boutaya.bill.main.Main.main(Main.java:14) Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/hibernate/engine/SessionFactoryImplementor at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils.getDataSource(SessionFactoryUtils.java:123) at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager.afterPropertiesSet(HibernateTransactionManager.java:411) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1514) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1452) ... 12 more Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.hibernate.engine.SessionFactoryImplementor at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(Unknown Source) at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(Unknown Source) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) ... 16 more I think the problem is when I use the Class : org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager ???

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  • Cross-language Extension Method Calling

    - by Tom Hines
    Extension methods are a concise way of binding functions to particular types. In my last post, I showed how Extension methods can be created in the .NET 2.0 environment. In this post, I discuss calling the extensions from other languages. Most of the differences I find between the Dot Net languages are mainly syntax.  The declaration of Extensions is no exception.  There is, however, a distinct difference with the framework accepting excensions made with C++ that differs from C# and VB.  When calling the C++ extension from C#, the compiler will SOMETIMES say there is no definition for DoCPP with the error: 'string' does not contain a definition for 'DoCPP' and no extension method 'DoCPP' accepting a first argument of type 'string' could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) If I recompile, the error goes away. The strangest problem with calling the C++ extension from C# is that I first must make SOME type of reference to the class BEFORE using the extension or it will not be recognized at all.  So, if I first call the DoCPP() as a static method, the extension works fine later.  If I make a dummy instantiation of the class, it works.  If I have no forward reference of the class, I get the same error as before and recompiling does not fix it.  It seems as if this none of this is supposed to work across the languages. I have made a few work-arounds to get the examples to compile and run. Note the following examples: Extension in C# using System; namespace Extension_CS {    public static class CExtension_CS    {  //in C#, the "this" keyword is the key.       public static void DoCS(this string str)       {          Console.WriteLine("CS\t{0:G}\tCS", str);       }    } } Extension in C++ /****************************************************************************\  * Here is the C++ implementation.  It is the least elegant and most quirky,  * but it works. \****************************************************************************/ #pragma once using namespace System; using namespace System::Runtime::CompilerServices;     //<-Essential // Reference: System.Core.dll //<- Essential namespace Extension_CPP {        public ref class CExtension_CPP        {        public:               [Extension] // or [ExtensionAttribute] /* either works */               static void DoCPP(String^ str)               {                      Console::WriteLine("C++\t{0:G}\tC++", str);               }        }; } Extension in VB ' Here is the VB implementation.  This is not as elegant as the C#, but it's ' functional. Imports System.Runtime.CompilerServices ' Public Module modExtension_VB 'Extension methods can be defined only in modules.    <Extension()> _       Public Sub DoVB(ByVal str As String)       Console.WriteLine("VB" & Chr(9) & "{0:G}" & Chr(9) & "VB", str)    End Sub End Module   Calling program in C# /******************************************************************************\  * Main calling program  * Intellisense and VS2008 complain about the CPP implementation, but with a  * little duct-tape, it works just fine. \******************************************************************************/ using System; using Extension_CPP; using Extension_CS; using Extension_VB; // vitual namespace namespace TestExtensions {    public static class CTestExtensions    {       /**********************************************************************\        * For some reason, this needs a direct reference into the C++ version        * even though it does nothing than add a null reference.        * The constructor provides the fake usage to please the compiler.       \**********************************************************************/       private static CExtension_CPP x = null;   // <-DUCT_TAPE!       static CTestExtensions()       {          // Fake usage to stop compiler from complaining          if (null != x) {} // <-DUCT_TAPE       }       static void Main(string[] args)       {          string strData = "from C#";          strData.DoCPP();          strData.DoCS();          strData.DoVB();       }    } }   Calling program in VB  Imports Extension_CPP Imports Extension_CS Imports Extension_VB Imports System.Runtime.CompilerServices Module TestExtensions_VB    <Extension()> _       Public Sub DoCPP(ByVal str As String)       'Framework does not treat this as an extension, so use the static       CExtension_CPP.DoCPP(str)    End Sub    Sub Main()       Dim strData As String = "from VB"       strData.DoCS()       strData.DoVB()       strData.DoCPP() 'fake    End Sub End Module  Calling program in C++ // TestExtensions_CPP.cpp : main project file. #include "stdafx.h" using namespace System; using namespace Extension_CPP; using namespace Extension_CS; using namespace Extension_VB; void main(void) {        /*******************************************************\         * Extension methods are called like static methods         * when called from C++.  There may be a difference in         * syntax when calling the VB extension as VB Extensions         * are embedded in Modules instead of classes        \*******************************************************/     String^ strData = "from C++";     CExtension_CPP::DoCPP(strData);     CExtension_CS::DoCS(strData);     modExtension_VB::DoVB(strData); //since Extensions go in Modules }

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  • Organization &amp; Architecture UNISA Studies &ndash; Chap 5

    - by MarkPearl
    Learning Outcomes Describe the operation of a memory cell Explain the difference between DRAM and SRAM Discuss the different types of ROM Explain the concepts of a hard failure and a soft error respectively Describe SDRAM organization Semiconductor Main Memory The two traditional forms of RAM used in computers are DRAM and SRAM DRAM (Dynamic RAM) Divided into two technologies… Dynamic Static Dynamic RAM is made with cells that store data as charge on capacitors. The presence or absence of charge in a capacitor is interpreted as a binary 1 or 0. Because capacitors have natural tendency to discharge, dynamic RAM requires periodic charge refreshing to maintain data storage. The term dynamic refers to the tendency of the stored charge to leak away, even with power continuously applied. Although the DRAM cell is used to store a single bit (0 or 1), it is essentially an analogue device. The capacitor can store any charge value within a range, a threshold value determines whether the charge is interpreted as a 1 or 0. SRAM (Static RAM) SRAM is a digital device that uses the same logic elements used in the processor. In SRAM, binary values are stored using traditional flip flop logic configurations. SRAM will hold its data as along as power is supplied to it. Unlike DRAM, no refresh is required to retain data. SRAM vs. DRAM DRAM is simpler and smaller than SRAM. Thus it is more dense and less expensive than SRAM. The cost of the refreshing circuitry for DRAM needs to be considered, but if the machine requires a large amount of memory, DRAM turns out to be cheaper than SRAM. SRAMS are somewhat faster than DRAM, thus SRAM is generally used for cache memory and DRAM is used for main memory. Types of ROM Read Only Memory (ROM) contains a permanent pattern of data that cannot be changed. ROM is non volatile meaning no power source is required to maintain the bit values in memory. While it is possible to read a ROM, it is not possible to write new data into it. An important application of ROM is microprogramming, other applications include library subroutines for frequently wanted functions, System programs, Function tables. A ROM is created like any other integrated circuit chip, with the data actually wired into the chip as part of the fabrication process. To reduce costs of fabrication, we have PROMS. PROMS are… Written only once Non-volatile Written after fabrication Another variation of ROM is the read-mostly memory, which is useful for applications in which read operations are far more frequent than write operations, but for which non volatile storage is required. There are three common forms of read-mostly memory, namely… EPROM EEPROM Flash memory Error Correction Semiconductor memory is subject to errors, which can be classed into two categories… Hard failure – Permanent physical defect so that the memory cell or cells cannot reliably store data Soft failure – Random error that alters the contents of one or more memory cells without damaging the memory (common cause includes power supply issues, etc.) Most modern main memory systems include logic for both detecting and correcting errors. Error detection works as follows… When data is to be read into memory, a calculation is performed on the data to produce a code Both the code and the data are stored When the previously stored word is read out, the code is used to detect and possibly correct errors The error checking provides one of 3 possible results… No errors are detected – the fetched data bits are sent out An error is detected, and it is possible to correct the error. The data bits plus error correction bits are fed into a corrector, which produces a corrected set of bits to be sent out An error is detected, but it is not possible to correct it. This condition is reported Hamming Code See wiki for detailed explanation. We will probably need to know how to do a hemming code – refer to the textbook (pg. 188 – 189) Advanced DRAM organization One of the most critical system bottlenecks when using high-performance processors is the interface to main memory. This interface is the most important pathway in the entire computer system. The basic building block of main memory remains the DRAM chip. In recent years a number of enhancements to the basic DRAM architecture have been explored, and some of these are now on the market including… SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM) DDR-DRAM RDRAM SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM) SDRAM exchanges data with the processor synchronized to an external clock signal and running at the full speed of the processor/memory bus without imposing wait states. SDRAM employs a burst mode to eliminate the address setup time and row and column line precharge time after the first access In burst mode a series of data bits can be clocked out rapidly after the first bit has been accessed SDRAM has a multiple bank internal architecture that improves opportunities for on chip parallelism SDRAM performs best when it is transferring large blocks of data serially There is now an enhanced version of SDRAM known as double data rate SDRAM or DDR-SDRAM that overcomes the once-per-cycle limitation of SDRAM

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  • 2D isometric picking

    - by Bikonja
    I'm trying to implement picking in my isometric 2D game, however, I am failing. First of all, I've searched for a solution and came to several, different equations and even a solution using matrices. I tried implementing every single one, but none of them seem to work for me. The idea is that I have an array of tiles, with each tile having it's x and y coordinates specified (in this simplified example it's by it's position in the array). I'm thinking that the tile (0, 0) should be on the left, (max, 0) on top, (0, max) on the bottom and (max, max) on the right. I came up with this loop for drawing, which googling seems to have verified as the correct solution, as has the rendered scene (ofcourse, it could still be wrong, also, forgive the messy names and stuff, it's just a WIP proof of concept code) // Draw code int col = 0; int row = 0; for (int i = 0; i < nrOfTiles; ++i) { // XOffset and YOffset are currently hardcoded values, but will represent camera offset combined with HUD offset Point tile = IsoToScreen(col, row, TileWidth / 2, TileHeight / 2, XOffset, YOffset); int x = tile.X; int y = tile.Y; spriteBatch.Draw(_tiles[i], new Rectangle(tile.X, tile.Y, TileWidth, TileHeight), Color.White); col++; if (col >= Columns) // Columns is the number of tiles in a single row { col = 0; row++; } } // Get selection overlay location (removed check if selection exists for simplicity sake) Point tile = IsoToScreen(_selectedTile.X, _selectedTile.Y, TileWidth / 2, TileHeight / 2, XOffset, YOffset); spriteBatch.Draw(_selectionTexture, new Rectangle(tile.X, tile.Y, TileWidth, TileHeight), Color.White); // End of draw code public Point IsoToScreen(int isoX, int isoY, int widthHalf, int heightHalf, int xOffset, int yOffset) { Point newPoint = new Point(); newPoint.X = widthHalf * (isoX + isoY) + xOffset; newPoint.Y = heightHalf * (-isoX + isoY) + yOffset; return newPoint; } This code draws the tiles correctly. Now I wanted to do picking to select the tiles. For this, I tried coming up with equations of my own (including reversing the drawing equation) and I tried multiple solutions I found on the internet and none of these solutions worked. Trying out lots of solutions, I came upon one that didn't work, but it seemed like an axis was just inverted. I fiddled around with the equations and somehow managed to get it to actually work (but have no idea why it works), but while it's close, it still doesn't work. I'm not really sure how to describe the behaviour, but it changes the selection at wrong places, while being fairly close (sometimes spot on, sometimes a tile off, I believe never more off than the adjacent tile). This is the code I have for getting which tile coordinates are selected: public Point? ScreenToIso(int screenX, int screenY, int tileHeight, int offsetX, int offsetY) { Point? newPoint = null; int nX = -1; int nY = -1; int tX = screenX - offsetX; int tY = screenY - offsetY; nX = -(tY - tX / 2) / tileHeight; nY = (tY + tX / 2) / tileHeight; newPoint = new Point(nX, nY); return newPoint; } I have no idea why this code is so close, especially considering it doesn't even use the tile width and all my attempts to write an equation myself or use a solution I googled failed. Also, I don't think this code accounts for the area outside the "tile" (the transparent part of the tile image), for which I intend to add a color map, but even if that's true, it's not the problem as the selection sometimes switches on approx 25% or 75% of width or height. I'm thinking I've stumbled upon a wrong path and need to backtrack, but at this point, I'm not sure what to do so I hope someone can shed some light on my error or point me to the right path. It may be worth mentioning that my goal is to not only pick the tile. Each main tile will be divided into 5x5 smaller tiles which won't be drawn seperately from the whole main tile, but they will need to be picked out. I think a color map of a main tile with different colors for different coordinates within the main tile should take care of that though, which would fall within using a color map for the main tile (for the transparent parts of the tile, meaning parts that possibly belong to other tiles).

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  • "LNK2001: unresolved external symbol" when trying to build my program

    - by random
    I get the following error(s) on my program that captures the mouse and then draws a line. Errors: 1>------ Build started: Project: Capture_Mouse_Line, Configuration: Debug Win32 ------ 1> main.cpp 1>main.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: static long * Line::yc2" (?yc2@Line@@2PAJA) 1>main.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: static long * Line::xc2" (?xc2@Line@@2PAJA) 1>main.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: static long * Line::yc1" (?yc1@Line@@2PAJA) 1>main.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: static long * Line::xc1" (?xc1@Line@@2PAJA) 1>MSVCRTD.lib(crtexe.obj) : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _main referenced in function ___tmainCRTStartup 1>D:\Visual C++ Projects\Capture_Mouse_Line\Debug\Capture_Mouse_Line.exe : fatal error LNK1120: 5 unresolved externals ========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ========== Here is my code: #include<allegro5\allegro.h> #include<allegro5\allegro_native_dialog.h> #include<allegro5\allegro_primitives.h> #include<Windows.h> #include<allegro5\allegro_windows.h> #ifndef WIDTH #define WIDTH 1440 #endif #ifndef HEIGHT #define HEIGHT 900 #endif class Line { public: static void ErasePreviousLine(); static void DrawLine(long* x, long* y,long* x2,long* y2); static bool Erasable(); static long* xc1; static long* yc1; static long* xc2; static long* yc2; }; void Line::ErasePreviousLine() { delete xc1; xc1 = NULL; delete yc1; yc1 = NULL; delete xc2; xc2 = NULL; delete yc2; yc2 = NULL; } bool Line::Erasable() { if(xc1 && yc1 && xc2 && yc2 == NULL) { return false; } else { return true; } } void Line::DrawLine(long* x,long* y,long* x2,long* y2) { if(!al_init_primitives_addon()) { al_show_native_message_box(NULL,NULL,NULL,"failed to initialize allegro", NULL,NULL); } xc1 = x; yc1 = y; xc2 = x2; yc2 = y2; al_draw_line((float)*xc1, (float)*yc1, (float)*xc2, (float)*yc2,al_map_rgb(255,0,255), 1); delete x; delete y; delete x2; delete y2; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam); int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow) { MSG msg; ALLEGRO_DISPLAY* display = NULL; if(!al_init()) { al_show_native_message_box(NULL,NULL,NULL,"failed to initialize allegro", NULL,NULL); return -1; } display = al_create_display(WIDTH,HEIGHT); if(!display) { al_show_native_message_box(NULL,NULL,NULL,"failed to initialize display", NULL,NULL); return -1; } HWND hwnd = al_get_win_window_handle(display); if(hwnd == NULL) { MessageBox(NULL, "Window Creation Failed!", "Error!", MB_ICONEXCLAMATION | MB_OK); return 0; } ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow); UpdateWindow(hwnd); while(GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0) > 0) { TranslateMessage(&msg); DispatchMessage(&msg); } return msg.wParam; } LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { static bool bIsCaptured; static POINTS ptsBegin; static POINTS ptsEnd; switch(msg) { case WM_LBUTTONDOWN: SetCapture(hwnd); bIsCaptured = true; ptsBegin = MAKEPOINTS(lParam); return 0; case WM_MOUSEMOVE: if(wParam & MK_LBUTTON) { if(!Line::Erasable()) { return 0; } Line::ErasePreviousLine(); ptsEnd = MAKEPOINTS(lParam); Line::DrawLine(new long(ptsBegin.x),new long(ptsBegin.y),new long(ptsEnd.x),new long(ptsEnd.y)); } break; case WM_LBUTTONUP: bIsCaptured = false; ReleaseCapture(); break; case WM_ACTIVATEAPP: { if(wParam == TRUE) { if(bIsCaptured){ SetCapture(hwnd);} } } break; } return 0; }

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