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• Windows Server 2008 R2 RAS VPN: access server on internal interface ip

  - by Mathias

  short question: I'm usually a linux admin but need to setup a Win2k8 R2 server for a student project. The server is running as VM on a root server and has a public internet IP assigned. Additionally I need a VPN server to access some services running on the server. I managed to set up a working VPN gateway via the Routing and RAS service which assigns clients an IP in the private subnet 192.168.88.0/24 with the Interface "Internal" listening on 192.168.88.1. Additionally I set up the external interface as NAT interface. So I can connect to the VPN server, get an IP assigned and the server additionally does NAT and I can access the internet over the VPN connection. The only thing I additionally need, is that I can access the server itself over that internal IP (e.g. client 192.168.88.2, server 192.168.88.1) as I want to access some services which I don't like to expose to the internet and restrict them to connected VPN clients. Does anybody have a hint, which configuration I'm missing here to be able to access the server over the VPN connection? EDIT: VPN clients get assigned the IP from the private subnet with subnetmask 255.255.255.255, I guess that might be the reason I can't access the server on the private IP address although it's in the same network range. Any ideas how to change this? I defined a static address pool in the Routing and RAS service, but I can't change the netmask there. EDIT2: I can't access the server from the client, but I can fully access the client from the server (ping, HTTP). I guess it has to do with firewall configuration. Thanks in advance, Mathias

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• Can one really fry a monitor by setting the wrong HorizSync and VertRefresh?

  - by rumtscho

  I've encountered this problem on several different systems with several different monitors: a monitor functions perfectly under Windows. I install a Linux and the max resolution is at some impossibly low value, mostly 640x480, changing it in Xorg.conf doesn't work. The X.org log file then shows that the driver cannot determine the correct refresh rate for the monitor, so it ignores everything in Xorg.conf and just loads in some default minimalistic mode. Googling the problem leads to an easy solution: set the HorizSync and VertRefresh in Xorg.conf, and everything works. The problem seems to be a common one, and I've seen dozens of results recommending the solution. Each of them contains the warning that you should use the value ranges provided with the monitor. Because if you don't, and your video card sends a signal with the wrong refresh rate, this can damage your monitor. Of course, you don't have a user manual for your monitor any more. If you are lucky to find one on the attic or on the net, it doesn't contain any information about the supported refresh rate. So you just type in the value suggested in the solution description, which varies wildly depending on your source, and cross your fingers. You restart, and... ... you've set the wrong values. So the monitor shows a short message like "input signal out of range", and you do a hard restart, repair your Xorg.conf in recovery mode, and everything is fine, including your monitor. So does this warning reflect a real possibility, or is it just a geeky urban legend? Or is it something which used to happen in the past, before manufacturers started protecting the monitors against it? Is it technically possible with every monitor technology, or is it maybe something which can only happen to a CRT? If you think that it's true, why? Have you ever witnessed a monitor die from the wrong refresh config, or have you read of it in a reputable source?

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• Geographically distributed file system with preferred locality

  - by dpb

  Hi All -- I'm building a application that needs to distribute a standard file server across a few sites over a WAN. Basically, each site needs to write a lot of misc files of varying size (some in the 100s MB range, but most small), and the application is written such that collisions aren't a problem. I'd like to have a system set up that meets the following qualifications: Each site can store files in a shared "namespace". That is, all the files would show up in the same filesystem. Each site would not send data over the WAN unless necessary. I.e., there would be local storage on each side of the WAN that would be "merged" into the same logical filesystem. Linux & Free ($$$) is a must. Basically, something like a central NFS share would meet most of the requirements, however it would not allow the locally written data to stay local. All data from remote sides of the WAN would be copied locally all the time. I have looked into Lustre, and have run some successful tests with it, however, it appears to distribute files fairly uniformly across the distributed storage. I have dug through the documentation and have not found anything that automatically will "prefer" local storage over remote storage. Even something that went with the lowest latency storage would be fine. It would work most of the time, which would meet this application's requirements. Any ideas?

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• How to remap IPs visible from local machine to IPs visible from a machine I have SSH access to?

  - by gooli

  I'm so far out of my depth I don't even know what to google for. There's a server I can connect to via SSH. Via that server I can access other server on its subnet via SSH. What I want to do is be able to access the machines that server has access to directly. Say the server IP is 192.168.7.7 and is the only one in the 192.168.x.x range I have access to. I'd like to configure things in such a way that when I to access say 192.168.7.100 on my machine, the connection will go through an SSH tunnel I open to 192.168.7.7 and out to 192.168.7.100. I would like this to work for any port if at all possible. I know I can set an HTTP proxy and even a SOCKS proxy, but I'm wondering is there is a way to actually remap some of the IP my machine sees to IP only visible from the remote machine. What would this configuration be called? IS this NAT, VPN, IP2IP or something else? How can I set up this on a Windows client box that connects via SSH to a Linux box? Sounds to me like I need to set up some kind of filtering on the network driver or possibly a virtual NIC, but I'm not sure where to go next.

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• Cisco router not receiving OSPF updates

  - by WebDevHobo

  Or at least, that's what I think is happening. There doesn't appear to be a debug command for this, or to see if something is in the routing table. I'm testing out this setup in Packet Tracer. I have 3 routers and a webserver From left to right, you have: Webserver - Router1 - Router2 - Router3 Router1 and Router2 can succesfully ping WebServer. Router3 cannot. Router2 has a default gateway set, to send all not-recognized data through its serial interface to Router1. Like this: ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Serial 0/0/1 Serial 0/0/1 being the connection to Router1 Router2 and Router3 have OSPF configured. From their "show run": Router2: router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes passive-interface Serial0/0/1 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 default-information originate ! Router3: router ospf 1 log-adjacency-changes network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0 passive-interface FastEthernet0/0 ! I was under the assumption that setting default-information originate on Router2 would give Router3 the needed information. What's going wrong here? The interfaces are up. Ip addresses are with mask-range, clock rate is set at correct end. I don't know what else to check.

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• Trying to understand Wireless N vs Wireless AC

  - by EGHDK

  Whenever a new wireless standard gets approved you expect faster speeds and longer range. From everything that I've read about it, it seems that AC will only transfer over the 5GHz band and up to 3Gbps. Studying the new AC routers on the market, it seems that they will transfer over 5GHz and 2.4GHz. And 5GHz will only transfer at 1.3Gbps. Which isn't what AC is supposed to be. I know there is a difference between what the standard actually says, and what products will actually do, but is there any reason for this? Is there any other main differences between AC and N? I've heard people discussing AC and saying that it's finally "fixing" what N was supposed to fix... what do they mean by that? Any security benefits? I have seen this image online: Will AC really do that? Will that require an AC network card in my laptop for that to actually happen? Lastly, will the router only be able to communicate with AC devices if I have beamforming technology on? I know it's a ton of questions, but most articles online seem to be outdated, and don't provide too much reliability.

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• Restrict SSH user to connection from one machine

  - by Jonathan

  During set-up of a home server (running Kubuntu 10.04), I created an admin user for performing administrative tasks that may require an unmounted home. This user has a home directory on the root partition of the box. The machine has an internet-facing SSH server, and I have restricted the set of users that can connect via SSH, but I would like to restrict it further by making admin only accessible from my laptop (or perhaps only from the local 192.168.1.0/24 range). I currently have only an AllowGroups ssh-users with myself and admin as members of the ssh-users group. What I want is something that works like you may expect this setup to work (but it doesn't): $ groups jonathan ... ssh-users $ groups admin ... ssh-restricted-users $ cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config ... AllowGroups ssh-users [email protected].* ... Is there a way to do this? I have also tried this, but it did not work (admin could still log in remotely): AllowUsers [email protected].* * AllowGroups ssh-users with admin a member of ssh-users. I would also be fine with only allowing admin to log in with a key, and disallowing password logins, but I could find no general setting for sshd; there is a setting that requires root logins to use a key, but not for general users.

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• Apahe configuration with virtual hosts and SSL on a local network

  - by Petah

  I'm trying to setup my local Apache configuration like so: http://localhost/ should serve ~/ http://development.somedomain.co.nz/ should serve ~/sites/development.somedomain.co.nz/ https://development.assldomain.co.nz/ should serve ~/sites/development.assldomain.co.nz/ I only want to allow connections from our local network (192.168.1.* range) and myself (127.0.0.1). I have setup my hosts file with: 127.0.0.1 localhost 255.255.255.255 broadcasthost ::1 localhost fe80::1%lo0 localhost 127.0.0.1 development.somedomain.co.nz 127.0.0.1 development.assldomain.co.nz 127.0.0.1 development.anunuseddomain.co.nz My Apache configuration looks like: Listen 80 NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost development.somedomain.co.nz:80> ServerName development.somedomain.co.nz DocumentRoot "~/sites/development.somedomain.co.nz" DirectoryIndex index.php <Directory ~/sites/development.somedomain.co.nz> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ExecCGI Includes AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost localhost:80> DocumentRoot "~/" ServerName localhost <Directory "~/"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ExecCGI Includes AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> <IfModule mod_ssl.c> Listen *:443 NameVirtualHost *:443 AcceptMutex flock <VirtualHost development.assldomain.co.nz:443> ServerName development.assldomain.co.nz DocumentRoot "~/sites/development.assldomain.co.nz" DirectoryIndex index.php SSLEngine on SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP:+eNULL SSLCertificateFile /Applications/XAMPP/etc/ssl.crt/server.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /Applications/XAMPP/etc/ssl.key/server.key BrowserMatch ".*MSIE.*" \ nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \ downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 <Directory ~/sites/development.assldomain.co.nz> SSLRequireSSL Options Indexes FollowSymLinks ExecCGI Includes AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> </IfModule> http://development.somedomain.co.nz/ http://localhost/ and https://development.assldomain.co.nz/ work fine. The problem is when I request http://development.anunuseddomain.co.nz/ or http://development.assldomain.co.nz/ it responds with the same as http://development.somedomain.co.nz/ I want it to deny all requests that do not match a virtual host server name and all requests to a https host that are requested with http PS I'm running XAMPP on Mac OS X 10.5.8

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• AD User Passwords expiring without any notifications?

  - by scooter133

  We setup password Policies in Active Directory to Expire peoples passwords after so many days. Well it looks like the time has come for the Expiration of the Passwords and people are getting locked out... There has been no warning of user passwords about to expire. They just come in to work and they cannot log in, the phones no longer connect, nothing. Reset the password and all is good. Some of the users are locked out, though most are not, they just cannot log in. On setting the password Expiration, I didn't see anything about nor warning the users of the impending expiration. Seems like it used to warn you 15 days or so before it would expire. Clients range from: WinXP, WinVista, Win7 and Server 2008R2 Remote Desktop Services. How can I make sure my users are warned of the Expiration? Resultant Set of Policy for User that was not prompted: Account Policies/Password Policy Policy Setting Winning GPO Enforce password history 10 passwords remembered Default Domain Policy Maximum password age 270 days Default Domain Policy Minimum password age 0 days Default Domain Policy Minimum password length 4 characters Default Domain Policy Password must meet complexity requirements Disabled Default Domain Policy Store passwords using reversible encryption Disabled Default Domain Policy Account Policies/Account Lockout Policy Policy Setting Winning GPO Account lockout duration 20 minutes Default Domain Policy Account lockout threshold 5 invalid logon attempts Default Domain Policy Reset account lockout counter after 15 minutes Default Domain Policy Local Policies/Audit Policy Policy Setting Winning GPO Audit account logon events Failure Default Domain Policy Audit account management Success, Failure Default Domain Policy Audit directory service access Success, Failure Default Domain Policy Audit logon events Failure Default Domain Policy Audit policy change Success, Failure Default Domain Policy Audit privilege use Failure Default Domain Policy Local Policies/Security Options Interactive Logon Policy Setting Winning GPO Interactive logon: Prompt user to change password before expiration 7 days Default Domain Policy

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• Problem IIS 7.0 Locking files durring upload

  - by viscious

  I am running a server 2008 with iis7 and the ftp addon on to iis 7.0 I have the ftp site configured and mostly working Except that about 70% of the time when transferring a file the upload will hang forever. If I disconnect the ftp client and reconnect and try to upload the same file I will get an error on the client saying the file is locked. I have to restart the ftp service to clear the lock. I fired up process explorer and did a search on the file in question and sure enough the ftp service has a lock on the file and it takes around 20 minutes to release the lock on its own (and sometimes longer). This lock stays around even after I disconnect the client. Like I said this only happens about 70% of the time, the other 30% of the time it goes through just fine. Things i have verified. -Not a firewall issue. Server is using passive port range 8000-9000 which is allowed on the firewall. -Not a nat issue, server has a globally rout-able ip address -all recommended/required updates installed I have 5 other servers in a very similar configuration and this is the only one i have problems with.

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• Windows Server 2008 R2 RAS VPN: access server on internal interface ip

  - by Mathias

  Hey, short question: I'm usually a linux admin but need to setup a Win2k8 R2 server for a student project. The server is running as VM on a root server and has a public internet IP assigned. Additionally I need a VPN server to access some services running on the server. I managed to set up a working VPN gateway via the Routing and RAS service which assigns clients an IP in the private subnet 192.168.88.0/24 with the Interface "Internal" listening on 192.168.88.1. Additionally I set up the external interface as NAT interface. So I can connect to the VPN server, get an IP assigned and the server additionally does NAT and I can access the internet over the VPN connection. The only thing I additionally need, is that I can access the server itself over that internal IP (e.g. client 192.168.88.2, server 192.168.88.1) as I want to access some services which I don't like to expose to the internet and restrict them to connected VPN clients. Does anybody have a hint, which configuration I'm missing here to be able to access the server over the VPN connection? EDIT: VPN clients get assigned the IP from the private subnet with subnetmask 255.255.255.255, I guess that might be the reason I can't access the server on the private IP address although it's in the same network range. Any ideas how to change this? I defined a static address pool in the Routing and RAS service, but I can't change the netmask there. EDIT2: I can't access the server from the client, but I can fully access the client from the server (ping, HTTP). I guess it has to do with firewall configuration. Thanks in advance, Mathias

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• Linux DHCPD Mac-Address based Groups

  - by GruffTech

  Our Current DHCPD.conf looks like the following. subnet 10.0.32.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { range 10.0.32.100 10.0.32.254; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; option broadcast-address 10.0.32.255; option domain-name-servers 208.67.222.222,208.67.220.220; option routers 10.0.32.5; host Dev-ABaird-W { hardware ethernet 00:1D:09:3E:49:13; fixed-address 10.0.32.94; } ... more static hosts .... } About as basic as it gets. The old router is 10.0.32.1, our company wanted to implement a squid proxy to better monitor web traffic while at work, and if necessary block large time-wasters, IE Facebook.com. However, we've quickly realized that this change has played a mean prank on our Polycom SIP Phones. Occasionally our phones will not ring, the end recipient hears ringing (this is artificially created by our PBX) however the handset never rings. The ONLY thing that has changed in our network is the option routers line. So, Since all Polycom MAC addresses begin with 00:04:F2 would it be possible in DHCP to say any 00:04:F2:::* MAC addresses get option routers 10.0.32.1, and anything else must talk with our Gateway?

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• What is the point of PPPoE?

  - by aaa90210

  I am trying to expand my knowledge of networking beyond the basics. I have started reading about PPP, and how it is used in DSL modems with PPPoE and PPPoA. My first impression of PPP was "well that seems pretty similar to Ethernet". They are both data link layer protocols. They both have fields to identify the encapsulated protocol (e.g. IP). They both have related protocols to assign IP addresses (DHCP and NCP). So my first question was "so what's the point of PPP, why not just use Ethernet?". The answer to that was fairly straightforward - Ethernet is not supported over a wide range of media like serial lines, and is a fairly specific technology to LAN's using CAT5 or similar. HOWEVER - then I was reading about PPPoE, and the obvious thought was "well if we are doing something over Ethernet, then Ethernet must be available and in use, so why not just use it?". In other words, PPPoE seems to be encapsulating one data-link layer protocol in another very similar protocol. Why do IP-inside-PPP-inside-Ethernet when we could just be doing IP-inside-Ethernet, and use DHCP rather than NCP to assign the IP address to the home router? Thanks

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• Add IPv6 support to DirectAdmin server

  - by George Boot

  I just set up an new DirectAdmin, and I want to prepare it for IPv6 use. My ISP have gave me an range of IPv6 addresses that I can use. Lets say that address is 2a01:7c8:**:1f::. My neworkadapter user DHCP to resolves its IP-addresses. When i type ifoncig eth0 I get the following result: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:**:**:**:ce:f3 inet addr:37.**.**.44 Bcast:37.**.**.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: 2a01:7c8:****:1f::/64 Scope:Global inet6 addr: fe80::5054:ff:fe87:cef3/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:38941 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:29439 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:3779534 (3.6 MiB) TX bytes:5089379 (4.8 MiB) As you can see, I have an IPv6 address set, but I can't ping6 an IPv6 host. I get the error: connect: Network is unreachable. I decided that I needed an gateway, so I tryed to add one: ip -6 route add default via 2a01:7c8:****::1 dev eth0 (2a01:7c8:**::1 is the gateway of my ISP). But it trows an error: RTNETLINK answers: No route to host. Does somebody know what to do, and how to solve this issue? Thanks a lot!

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• Windows server 2008R2 routing with single NIC

  - by Fabian

  I'm trying to duplicate a Linux server configuration to a windows server 2008R2 box. Basicaly this linux server acts as a router, but it is doing its job with only 1 interface (1 NIC). Here is the network configuration in place (I cannot change it) : INTERNET <== Router (local ip = 194.168.0.3) <== linux Server (ip : 194.168.0.2). The router is configured with a DMZ to 194.168.0.2, and only allow this IP to connect to internet (Cannot change this router configuration). The linux server is configured with a default gateway to 194.168.0.3, with the option : "Act as router". All other computer on the lan have this configuration (given by DHCP) : IP range : 194.168.0.X MASK : 255.255.255.0 Default gateway : 194.168.0.2 And everything is working perfectly. I'm trying to reproduce this way of routing with only one NIC from a windows server 2008R2, but it seems that you cannnot do it with only one NIC (all exemples I see are refering to 2 NIC with 2 different network). Does someone have an idea how to achieved this in Windows server 2008R2 ? Tx you for your help ! Fabian.

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• GRE Tunnel over IPsec with Loopback

  - by Alek

  Hello, I'm having a really hard time trying to estabilish a VPN connection using a GRE over IPsec tunnel. The problem is that it involves some sort of "loopback" connection which I don't understand -- let alone be able to configure --, and the only help I could find is related to configuring Cisco routers. My network is composed of a router and a single host running Debian Linux. My task is to create a GRE tunnel over an IPsec infrastructure, which is particularly intended to route multicast traffic between my network, which I am allowed to configure, and a remote network, for which I only bear a form containing some setup information (IP addresses and phase information for IPsec). For now it suffices to estabilish a communication between this single host and the remote network, but in the future it will be desirable for the traffic to be routed to other machines on my network. As I said this GRE tunnel involves a "loopback" connection which I have no idea of how to configure. From my previous understanding, a loopback connection is simply a local pseudo-device used mostly for testing purposes, but in this context it might be something more specific that I do not have the knowledge of. I have managed to properly estabilish the IPsec communication using racoon and ipsec-tools, and I believe I'm familiar with the creation of tunnels and addition of addresses to interfaces using ip, so the focus is on the GRE step. The worst part is that the remote peers do not respond to ping requests and the debugging of the general setup is very difficult due to the encrypted nature of the traffic. There are two pairs of IP addresses involved: one pair for the GRE tunnel peer-to-peer connection and one pair for the "loopback" part. There is also an IP range involved, which is supposed to be the final IP addresses for the hosts inside the VPN. My question is: how (or if) can this setup be done? Do I need some special software or another daemon, or does the Linux kernel handle every aspect of the GRE/IPsec tunneling? Please inform me if any extra information could be useful. Any help is greatly appreciated.

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• Serving and caching content from Amazon S3 with Tomcat

  - by Rob

  Hi all, We're looking to serve a range of content using Amazon S3 as a store for the content and Tomcat to host the web application. The content is divided into free and paid for content. We intend to authenticate the users when they access the web application running in Tomcat. Based around their authentication we are able to tell if the user has access to paid for content or simply free stuff. So I envision the flow of a request being something like this: Authenticated request to Tomcat If user is "paid" user, display links to premium content Direct requests for paid content back through Tomcat to prevent direct access to it by non-paying users. Tomcat makes request to S3 through a web cache to keep our costs down Content is returned to user. As we have to pay for each request to S3, I'd ideally like to cache content locally to the Tomcat instance after it has been requested for the first time to keep costs to a minimum and to speed things up. I would also like to be able to invalidate this cache if we publish fresh content to S3. So to confirm my proposal: Client Request - Tomcat - Web Cache - S3 To invalidate the cache, I was thinking of using something like PubSubHubbub with the cache waiting for updates to the feed for content that it should invalidate. I'd appreciate some general feedback on this approach as I've no real experience of caching and I'm sure I've made some invalid assumptions. I'd also appreciate any recommendations for caching technologies. Thanks.

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• GA 8KNXP Rev1.0: 4 GB installed, only 3.5 GB recognized by BIOS

  - by hurikhan77

  I've installed 2x 1 GB and 4x 512 MB memory into my GA-8KNXP system which would sum up to 4 GB. The specification from the manual says: Maximum memory support: 4 GB. If all six slots are utilized, slot 5+6 may only equipped with single-sided RAM modules. And so I did. Anyway: The BIOS counts up to 3.5 GB and finishes there. Also my Linux system reports only 3.5 GB of memory although 4 GB memory support is activated in the kernel. So I suppose this is a memory mapping issue or a hardware issue. I've tried removing only on of the 512 MB memory modules leaving 5 modules in place. But that just stopped the system from powering on correctly (screen stays black although fans and leds come to live). Dual Channel was detected and enabled so the system technically found all 6 modules. "dmidecode" in Linux reports only memory in slots 1 to 4 and ignores slots 5+6, so it only detects 3 GB of memory. It also says the system would support up to 16 GB of memory with 4 GB modules per slot. I think technically the chipset should be able to offer and utilize the complete 4 GB memory range. Any clues what else I could check? Or do I have just to live with 0.5 GB wasted memory?

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• Valid IP address but can't surf without rebooting

  - by Kat

  I periodically lose internet and router connection at home. When this happens, others are using the router just fine. I am connecting directly through a wired connection to a Belkin router. I can release and renew the IP (and the IP addresses change to 0.0.0.0 and to an IP in my router's range beginning with 192.168.2. as they should) but still can't surf, can't access the router interface. Cycling the router doesn't help, and again, others are able to access the router fine at this time. Only rebooting the computer resolves the issue, and everything is wonderful for a few hours- and then I lose connection again. I have several ideas where to go from here, but I'd like to get some advice first. (Using Windows XP SP3, hardwired connection) Update As stated in the originally, releasing and renewing doesn't solve the issue. However, I have an update. I can ping localhost and my router IP with no problem at all when the issue occurs. However, repairing the network connection does not help. I AM able to get back on by disabling and then re-enabling the network connection in XP. What does that tell us?

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• Troubleshoot dropped wireless connections

  - by Jack

  I was recently hired in the IT department of a small company (~180 users) and one of the issues that people have been complaining about is having their wi-fi connections drop during meetings. The company is using an HP ProCurve Wireless LAN with 10 APs and a controller unit located in the server room. I don't have any experience troubleshooting WLAN in a multi-AP environment, so I'm trying to at least gather information using free or cheap tools. I did a basic site survey using the free version of Ekahau HeatMapper and discovered the following in one of the conference rooms that has been a problem. The program picked up three access points (plus a bunch of others with much lower signals that were out of range): AP 1: SSID: "Unknown SSID" - Signal strength: -48 dBm - -40 dBm. Channel: 2 AP 2: SSID "CompanyMain" - Signal strength: -35 dBm or greater. Channel: 2. Security: WEP (This is the main SSID for the company's WLAN.) AP 3: SSID: "CompanyGuest" - Signal strength: -40 dBm - -35 dBm. Channel: 2. Security: WPA2 (This SSID is the company's "guest" WLAN, which was setup to allow Internet access, but prevent network access.) Is there anything that you see that is clearly a problem from the above? I'm assuming that the unknown SSID might be a big problem, and that it is an AP from a neighboring office that is causing interference. Does that seem likely? Also, regarding channel, should we try changing the channels of our APs to avoid interference with that unknown SSID? (Since everything seems to be on Channel 2?) Should our APs be on different channels? In other words, should the CompanyMain and CompanyGuest APs be on different channels? Finally, any recommendations for free/cheap tools to help me figure this out, and/or a good methodology to follow? Thanks in advance for any help. Jack

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• How do hdparm's -S and -B options interact?

  - by user697683

  These two options seem confusing. For example: according to the man page -B 254 "does not permit spin-down". However, testing with -B 254 -S 1 the drive does spin down after 5 seconds. -B Query/set Advanced Power Management feature, if the drive supports it. A low value means aggressive power management and a high value means better performance. Possible settings range from values 1 through 127 (which permit spin-down), and values 128 through 254 (which do not permit spin-down). The highest degree of power management is attained with a setting of 1, and the highest I/O performance with a setting of 254. A value of 255 tells hdparm to disable Advanced Power Management altogether on the drive (not all drives support disabling it, but most do). -S Put the drive into idle (low-power) mode, and also set the standby (spindown) timeout for the drive. This timeout value is used by the drive to determine how long to wait (with no disk activity) before turning off the spindle motor to save power. Under such circumstances, the drive may take as long as 30 seconds to respond to a subsequent disk access, though most drives are much quicker. The encoding of the timeout value is somewhat peculiar. A value of zero means "timeouts are disabled": the device will not automatically enter standby mode. Values from 1 to 240 specify multiples of 5 seconds, yielding timeouts from 5 seconds to 20 minutes. Values from 241 to 251 specify from 1 to 11 units of 30 minutes, yielding timeouts from 30 minutes to 5.5 hours. A value of 252 signifies a timeout of 21 minutes. A value of 253 sets a vendor-defined timeout period between 8 and 12 hours, and the value 254 is reserved. 255 is interpreted as 21 minutes plus 15 seconds. Note that some older drives may have very different interpretations of these values.

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• Xmodmap fails to remap modifier keys

  - by ZyX

  When I try to move keys, so that I have CapsLock on escape, Control on CapsLock and Escape on left control, I get the following error: % xmodmap ~/.Xmodmap X Error of failed request: BadValue (integer parameter out of range for operation) Major opcode of failed request: 118 (X_SetModifierMapping) Value in failed request: 0x17 Serial number of failed request: 15 Current serial number in output stream: 15 That is the code that fails: remove Lock = Caps_Lock ! ESC keycode 9 = Caps_Lock add Lock = Caps_Lock remove Control = Control_L ! CapsLock keycode 66 = Control_L add control = Control_L ! Control_R keycode 37 = Escape ! 2*Meta_L keycode 148 = Meta_L add mod1 = Meta_L If I comment out all lines that start with either add or remove it runs without any errors, but does not do what I want. Program versions (Gentoo x86 (stable)): xorg-server-1.7.6 xmodmap-1.0.4 xf86-input-evdev-2.3.2 Xorg.conf: # nvidia-xconfig: X configuration file generated by nvidia-xconfig # nvidia-xconfig: version 1.0 (buildmeister@builder63) Fri Aug 14 17:54:58 PDT 2009 Section "ServerLayout" Identifier "Layout0" Screen 0 "Screen0" InputDevice "Evdev Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard" InputDevice "Evdev Mouse" "CorePointer" EndSection Section "Module" Disable "dri" Disable "dri2" Disable "record" EndSection Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Evdev Keyboard" Driver "evdev" Option "Device" "/dev/input/event2" Option "CoreKeyboard" Option "AutoRepeat" "500 25" Option "XkbRules" "xorg" Option "xkb_rules" "xorg" Option "XkbModel" "yahoo" Option "xkb_model" "yahoo" Option "XkbLayout" "dvp2" # ,ru2 Option "xkb_layout" "dvp2" # ,ru2 # Option "XkbVariant" "" # ,winkeys Option "XkbOption" "grp_led:scroll,grp:rctrl_toggle,compose:rwin,grp:lwin_switch" # grp:lwin_switch EndSection Section "InputDevice" Identifier "Evdev Mouse" Driver "evdev" Option "CorePointer" Option "Device" "/dev/input/event3" Option "Name" "Genius Ergo Mouse" Option "HWHEELRelativeAxisButtons" "7 6" Option "WHEELRelativeAxizButtons" "4 5" Option "SendCoreEvents" "true" Option "Buttons" "11" EndSection Section "Files" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/misc" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/Type1" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/100dpi" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/75dpi" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/terminus" # FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/intlfonts" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/ttf-bitstream-vera" # FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/ttf" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/corefonts" FontPath "/usr/share/fonts/paratype" EndSection Section "Monitor" Identifier "Monitor0" VendorName "Unknown" ModelName "Unknown" HorizSync 28.0 - 33.0 VertRefresh 43.0 - 72.0 Option "DPMS" EndSection Section "Device" Identifier "Device0" Driver "nvidia" VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation" EndSection Section "Screen" Identifier "Screen0" Device "Device0" Monitor "Monitor0" DefaultDepth 24 SubSection "Display" Depth 24 EndSubSection EndSection Section "Extensions" Option "Composite" "Disable" EndSection Section "ServerFlags" # Option "XkbDisable" "false" # Option "AutoAddDevices" "false" Option "DontVTSwitch" "false" Option "DontZap" "false" # Option "DontZoom" "true" EndSection Everything worked before update.

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• (Zywall USG 300) NAT bypassed when accessing in-house-server From LAN Via domain name

  - by mschr

  My situations is like this; i host a number of websites from within our joint network solution. On the network is basically 3 categories: the known public, registered via mac, given static dhcp lease the anonymous lan connections, given lease from specific dhcp range switches, unix hosts firewall Now, consider following hosts which are of interest 111.111.111.111 (Zywall USG 300 WAN) 192.168.1.1 (ZyWall USG 300 LAN) load balances and bw monitors plus handles NAT 192.168.1.2 (Linux www) serves mydomain1.tld and mydomain2.tld 192.168.123.123 (Random LAN client) accesses mydomain1.tld from LAN 23.234.12.253 (Random External client) accesses mydomain1.tld via WAN DNS A records are setup so that both mydomain1.tld and mydomain2.tld points to 111.111.111.111 - and the Linux www serves the http parts with VirtualHost configurations, setting up the document roots pr ServerName, this is not so interesting though.. NAT rule translates 111.111.111.111:80 to 192.168.1.2:80 (1:1 NAT) Our problem follows; When accessing http://mydomain1.tld from outside (23.234.12.253 example host) the joint network - everything is fine, zywall receives requests via port 80 and maps it to the linux host' httpd. However - once trying to go through the NAT from LAN side (in-house, 192.168.123.123 example host) then one gets filtered in the Zywall port 80 firewall. I know this only because port 443 is open for administration interface and https://mydomain1.tld prompts for zywall login. So my conclusion is, that the LAN that accesses 111.111.111.111 in fact are routed to 192.168.1.1 whilst bypassing the NAT table. I need to know how to setup NAT / Policy Route, so that LAN WAN LAN will function with proper network translations instead of doing the 'quick nameserver lookup' or whatever this might be.

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• Can I autoregister my clients/servers in local DNS?

  - by Christian Wattengård

  Right now I have a W2k12 server at home that I run as a domain controller. This has the extra benefit of registering every "subordinate" computers name in it's DNS so that I don't have to go around remembering IP's all the time. (And it let's me easily run dhcp also on my servers). I need to rework my home network for several odd reasons, and in this new scenario there is no place for a big honking W2k12 server box. I have a RasPI, and I have other smallish linux boxen I can use. (In a worst case scenario I'll use my NUC, but then I'll be forced to use my home cinema's UPnP-client for media... The HORROR!!) Is it possible to set up a DNS-server-"appliance" that somehow autoregisters it's own hostname.. Scenario: Router (N66u) on 172.20.20.1. Runs DHCP on 172.20.20.100-200 range. Server [verdant] of a *nix flavor on 172.20.20.2 Laptop [speedy] of W8 flavor on DHCP assigned Laptop [canary] of W8 flavor on DHCP assigned Desktop [lianyu] of Ubunto flavor on DHCP assigned What I would like is that all of the above servers (except possibly the router) would be available on verdant.starling.lan and canary.starling.lan and so on. This is how it works right now (except the Ubuntu box... I haven't cracked that one yet) because Windows just does this for you.. I would also be able to do this without any manual labor on the server. When I tell my box it's name is smoak it should "immediately" be available as smoak.starling.lan without any extra configuration on my part. How can I do this in a Linux (Ubuntu) environment? (Bonus comment upvote for naming the naming scheme :P )

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• RRAS with DHCP when the IP pool is on a different subnet

  - by John B

  I run a small business network and the last couple of days I have been setting up some equipment to add VPN capabilities to our network. I've got the following set up: Windows 2008 R2 with RRAS - 172.22.200.50 Cisco RV082 router - 172.22.100.1 / 172.22.200.1 The Cisco router only support DHCP on a single class C network; 172.22.100.0/24. On the Cisco router I have set up an additional subnet; 172.22.200.0/24. The DHCP range is 172.22.100.200-254 When a PPTP connection comes in to the router, it is forwarded to my RRAS at 172.22.200.50. If I configure RRAS to assign IPs from a static pool on the 172.22.200.0/24 subnet everything works fine except the DNS suffix / search domain. However, if I set RRAS to use DHCP I am no longer able to contact any devices on the network. The IP I receive is on a different subnet (172.22.100.0/24). Is it possible to still use DHCP as the method of ip assignment in RRAS, even when the IP adresses assigned are in a different subnet? If yes, what piece of configuration am I missing to fix the VPN connection issues mentioned in the paragraph above. The reason I want RRAS with DHCP to work is because from what I have understood, this is the "only" way to hand out a DNS suffix to VPN clients. Any help on this matter is greatly appreciated!

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