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  • How are design-by-contract and property-based testing (QuickCheck) related?

    - by Todd Owen
    Is their only similarity the fact that they are not xUnit (or more precisely, not based on enumerating specific test cases), or is it deeper than that? Property-based testing (using QuickCheck, ScalaCheck, etc) seem well-suited to a functional programming style where side-effects are avoided. On the other hand, Design by Contract (as implemented in Eiffel) is more suited to OOP languages: you can express post-conditions about the effects of methods, not just their return values. But both of them involve testing assertions that are true in general (rather than assertions that should be true for a specific test case). And both can be tested using randomly generated inputs (with QuickCheck this is the only way, whereas with Eiffel I believe it is an optional feature of the AutoTest tool). Is there an umbrella term to encompass both approaches? Or am I imagining a relationship that doesn't really exist.

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  • How do I implement powerups for my Breakout clone?

    - by Eva
    I'm making a simple Breakout clone in Python that will have very many powerups/powerdowns (so far I came up with 26). Some will affect the paddle (paddle missile, two paddles, short paddle, etc.), some will affect the ball (slow ball, destructo-ball, invisible ball, etc.), some will affect the bricks (brick scramble, move up, bricks indestructible, etc.), and some will affect other game aspects (extra life, more points, less points, etc.). I'm pretty sure I have the code to draw the falling powerups and test for collisions with the paddle down, but I'm confused about how to code the effects of the powerups. Since there are very many powerups, it seemed inefficient to add specific methods to each component as done in this tutorial. However, I can't think of an other ways to implement the powerups. I found a page that hints at some way to design powerup behavior using classes, but I'm at a loss for how to do that. (A short example would help.) Please give me a short code example of another way to implement the effects of the powerups.

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  • Desktop not showing after playing with compiz

    - by Mark
    Having successfully installed Ubuntu 11.04 I decided to look into improving look and feel of the unity desktop. I could find no option to introduce any nice effects with the standard install, but a google session suggested Compiz would do the job. I installed this and selected the "Wobbly windows" option and this worked fine. After a while I thought I'd try some of the other available effects (can't remember which but may have been cube desktop) but this resulted in no windows showing at all. I now have just blank wall paper with no icons or menus. There are no error messages and right clicking the desktop produces a small context menu but nothing else. Rebooting brings me back to a blank desktop with just wallpaper. I do not know where to start.

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  • 2d engine with WebGL

    - by Philipp
    I am currently developing a HTML5 canvas game with a sprite-based 2d engine. The engine is working well so far, but now I thought that I could maybe add some cool graphic effects when I would re-implement the whole engine with WebGL. The whole graphic engine would stay strictly two-dimensional (think of it as a 3d world where the z coordinate of all vertices is 0.0). What I hope to gain from this is the ability to use pixel shaders to create special effects. I also think that the performance could improve. What do you think about that plan?

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  • Force Gnome 3 to work

    - by nkg5
    I have Ubuntu 12.10 on dual-boot with windows XP. My PC specifications are AMD Sempron 2800+ 1,6GHz with 512 MB ram and ATI Radeon 9250 graphic card with 128 MB memory. As Unity works slow and I don't like it's look, I installed gnome-shell. But as you know, Gnome 3 won't work on it. But gnome classic without effects works great. Thing is, when I turn off windows (by holding the power button or pressing restart button) my resolution on Linux is changed to 1024x768, and I can only change it by turning off the PC and turning off it's power source. But it is not the problem. The problem is that it runs Gnome 3 after one restart, it also runs better than Unity. My question is: Can I somehow force gnome 3 to work always and disable some of it's effects so it can run better?

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  • Random Access Violation Exception in WPF Application

    - by PT1984
    Hi, I am facing weird problem while running regression tests on my WPF Application. I am getting AccessViolationException with different stacktraces each time. First : Message :Attempted to read or write protected memory. This is often an indication that other memory is corrupt. StackTrace : at MS.Win32.PresentationCore.UnsafeNativeMethods.MILUnknown.Release(IntPtr pIUnkown) at MS.Win32.PresentationCore.UnsafeNativeMethods.MILUnknown.ReleaseInterface(IntPtr& ptr) at System.Windows.Media.SafeMILHandle.ReleaseHandle() at System.Runtime.InteropServices.SafeHandle.InternalFinalize() at System.Runtime.InteropServices.SafeHandle.Dispose(Boolean disposing) at System.Runtime.InteropServices.SafeHandle.Finalize() Source :PresentationCore Type : System.AccessViolationException. Second : Message :Attempted to read or write protected memory. This is often an indication that other memory is corrupt. StackTrace : at MS.Win32.PresentationCore.UnsafeNativeMethods.IMILBitmapEffect.GetOutput(SafeHandle THIS_PTR, UInt32 uiIndex, SafeMILHandle pContext, BitmapSourceSafeMILHandle& ppBitmapSource) at System.Windows.Media.Effects.BitmapEffect.GetOutput(SafeHandle unmanagedEffect, Int32 index, BitmapEffectRenderContext context) at System.Windows.Media.Effects.BitmapEffect.GetOutput(BitmapEffectInput input) at System.Windows.Media.Effects.BitmapEffectState.GetEffectOutput(Visual visual, RenderTargetBitmap& renderBitmap, Matrix worldTransform, Rect windowClip, Matrix& finalTransform) at System.Windows.Media.Effects.BitmapEffectVisualState.RenderBitmapEffect(Visual visual, Channel channel) at System.Windows.Media.Effects.BitmapEffectContent.ExecuteRealizationsUpdate() at System.Windows.Media.RealizationContext.RealizationUpdateSchedule.Execute() at System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.Render(ICompositionTarget resizedCompositionTarget) at System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.RenderMessageHandlerCore(Object resizedCompositionTarget) at System.Windows.Media.MediaContext.AnimatedRenderMessageHandler(Object resizedCompositionTarget) at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter) at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter, Delegate catchHandler) at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.WrappedInvoke(Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter, Delegate catchHandler) at System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherOperation.InvokeImpl() at System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherOperation.InvokeInSecurityContext(Object state) at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.runTryCode(Object userData) at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.RuntimeHelpers.ExecuteCodeWithGuaranteedCleanup(TryCode code, CleanupCode backoutCode, Object userData) at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunInternal(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state) at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state) at System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherOperation.Invoke() at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.ProcessQueue() at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.WndProcHook(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, Boolean& handled) at MS.Win32.HwndWrapper.WndProc(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, Boolean& handled) at MS.Win32.HwndSubclass.DispatcherCallbackOperation(Object o) at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.InternalRealCall(Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter) at System.Windows.Threading.ExceptionWrapper.TryCatchWhen(Object source, Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter, Delegate catchHandler) at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.WrappedInvoke(Delegate callback, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter, Delegate catchHandler) at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.InvokeImpl(DispatcherPriority priority, TimeSpan timeout, Delegate method, Object args, Boolean isSingleParameter) at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.Invoke(DispatcherPriority priority, Delegate method, Object arg) at MS.Win32.HwndSubclass.SubclassWndProc(IntPtr hwnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam) at MS.Win32.UnsafeNativeMethods.DispatchMessage(MSG& msg) at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.PushFrameImpl(DispatcherFrame frame) at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.PushFrame(DispatcherFrame frame) at System.Windows.Threading.Dispatcher.Run() at System.Windows.Application.RunDispatcher(Object ignore) at System.Windows.Application.RunInternal(Window window) at System.Windows.Application.Run(Window window) at System.Windows.Application.Run() at Main() Source :PresentationCore Type :System.AccessViolationException In Application Event Log I found following entries : Dispatcher processing has been suspended, but messages are still being processed. Faulting application **.exe, version 1.0.0.*, stamp 4c08d288, faulting module wpfgfx_v0300.dll, version 3.0.6920.1427, stamp 488f3056, debug? 0, fault address 0x0012ec36. My Application uses Dispatcher from another thread, to change the values of the controls , enable - disable those, change visibility etc., the thred is run multiple times in a second. Please let me know if anybody has faced this problem? Thanks in advance, -Prasad

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  • my X server doesn't load a module called "glx", but my video drivers seem to be installed

    - by rumtscho
    I just got a new, very wide monitor (2560x1440) and there is no sense maximizing my applications. So I installed Compiz Config Settings Manager and enabled Grid. Nothing happened, the shortcuts don't move application windows. Went to System - Preferences - Appearance, the Visual effects tab. It at "disabled". When I try to set them to "normal" or "extra", a message box appears telling me that it's searching for video drivers, then disappears, and I get an error message "Desktop effects could not be enabled". I opened Xorg.0.log, and had errors there: (EE) Failed to load /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions//libglx.so (II) UnloadModule: "glx" (EE) Failed to load module "glx" (loader failed, 7) (II) LoadModule: "extmod" Going to Administration - System - Hardware drivers, it said that there are no available and/or installed hardware drivers. But apt-get said that it cannot install nvidia-glx-185, as it is already installed. Googling my error message suggested that I install and run something called envyng. This let me install the nvidia drivers again, and now I can see in the Hardware Drivers window that they are installed and active. But the error message in Xorg.0.log remains, and I still cannot enable the Compiz effects or use Grid. Now, I don't have enough Linux experience to understand if this is a single cause-effect-chain of problems, or three independent ones, but I'd appreciate help for any of them. I am running Ubuntu 9.10, the video card is a GeForce 7600GS.

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  • Eye candy in OpenGL

    - by anon
    I'm interested in creating realtime visual special effects. I am limited to OpenGL (in particular, computing power of a MacBook Pro). I want to learn more about doing cool UI/special effects (think the "computers/displays" in Iron Man / Avatar). What are good books/resources for this? Thanks!

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  • Can someone clarify what this Joel On Software quote means?

    - by Bob
    I was reading Joel On Software today and ran across this quote: Without understanding functional programming, you can't invent MapReduce, the algorithm that makes Google so massively scalable. The terms Map and Reduce come from Lisp and functional programming. MapReduce is, in retrospect, obvious to anyone who remembers from their 6.001-equivalent programming class that purely functional programs have no side effects and are thus trivially parallelizable. What does he mean when he says functional programs have no side effects? And how does this make parallelizing trivial?

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  • Can someone clarify what this Joel On Software quote means: (functional programs have no side effect

    - by Bob
    I was reading Joel On Software today and ran across this quote: Without understanding functional programming, you can't invent MapReduce, the algorithm that makes Google so massively scalable. The terms Map and Reduce come from Lisp and functional programming. MapReduce is, in retrospect, obvious to anyone who remembers from their 6.001-equivalent programming class that purely functional programs have no side effects and are thus trivially parallelizable. What does he mean when he says functional programs have no side effects? And how does this make parallelizing trivial?

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  • Is DxScene the "WPF for Delphi"? Anyone used it?

    - by André Mussche
    I am playing with DxScene and VxScene: http://www.ksdev.com/dxscene/index.html It looks very nice and powerful: 3d accelerated vector graphics, cross plaform, nice effects, many 2d GUI controls (vector based), good scaling, transparency, rotating (x, y, z), 3d models, etc. Even with many effects, the CPU stays very low (0%)! http://www.ksdev.com/dxscene/snapshot/screen0.jpeg But can it be seen as a good WPF alternative for Delphi? And does anyone use it instead of normal Delphi VCL?

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  • Silverlight audio components

    - by Shurup
    Do you know any good commertial or free audio / sound components that can be used in Silverlight (better on the client)? Desired features: visualizing (waveform, peakform etc., zoom, editing volume, pan, start and end markers etc.) editing (channels: volume, pan, mute, fading, etc., merge, cut, copy, paste, etc., effects) mixing different sound tracks, creating a downmix exporting result in some in Silverlight usable (compressed) formats Some useful projects that I've founded: Saluse MediaKit for Silverlight (MP3 decoder, AudioPreProcessor, visualizers, effects) Microsoft Design Toolbox sound mixer (incl. source code and video) and Demo

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  • Libraries for text animation in Flex / Actionscript ?

    - by Simon
    Are there any good libraries for cool text animation effects for use in Actionscript (for use in an intro screen or banner). I've given up tryin to use Flash itself because that takes forever, and I dont know which of the many flash text animation tools to choose from. I'd like to be able to dynamically product cool text effects with different messages.

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  • Adding a Shadow to a NSImageView

    - by Kevin Sylvestre
    Sorry for the seemingly simple question. I have a NSImageView (added in interface builder) and want to add a shadow outline. I tried using the 'Image View Effects' section of the 'Inspector' but this required enabling a core animation layer. If I set it for the 'Content View' I have very strange appearance side effects. If I set it for the 'Image View' the shadow is cropped (sorry, can't resize the image view). Any ideas?

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  • How do I implement graphs and graph algorithms in a functional programming language?

    - by brad
    Basically, I know how to create graph data structures and use Dijkstra's algorithm in programming languages where side effects are allowed. Typically, graph algorithms use a structure to mark certain nodes as 'visited', but this has side effects, which I'm trying to avoid. I can think of one way to implement this in a functional language, but it basically requires passing around large amounts of state to different functions, and I'm wondering if there is a more space-efficient solution.

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  • flex: 1120 access to undefined property

    - by vas
    I was trying to place some simple effects on an image using HBox using Hslider/Checkbox. I am unable to incorporate the required effects on the image.I an getting the errors "120 access to undefined property" ....poinying to "HSlider/change". What can be the error/solution to this? liveDragging="true" selected="true"/ Thanks in advance?

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  • counting sub rows in mysql

    - by moustafa
    i have 2 table ok catgories and artilces i have this structure catgories web > design > photoshop > layers web > design > photoshop > effects and each one is a catgory and layers catgories has 100 article and effects catgories has 50 article now i want when count the articles 'web' catgory it show 150 article how i can do this give me an example

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  • What are the downside of not having an index.html file to some directories

    - by Pennf0lio
    Hi, I'm curious what are some effects/downside of not putting an index.html file to your directories (e.g images). I know when an index file is not present to a directory, files inside that directory are no longer private and will be visible to the browsers when point (eg yoursite.com/images/). Aside from that what are some big effects to consider? and how to properly secure them. thanks!

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  • Google, typography, and cognitive fluency for persuasion

    - by Roger Hart
    Cognitive fluency is - roughly - how easy it is to think about something. Mere Exposure (or familiarity) effects are basically about reacting more favourably to things you see a lot. Which is part of why marketers in generic spaces like insipid mass-market lager will spend quite so much money on getting their logo daubed about the place; or that guy at the bus stop starts to look like a dating prospect after a month or two. Recent thinking suggests that exposure effects likely spin off cognitive fluency. We react favourably to things that are easier to think about. I had to give tech support to an older relative recently, and suggested they Google the problem. They were confused. They could not, apparently, Google the problem, because part of it was that their Google toolbar had mysteriously vanished. Once I'd finished trying not to laugh, I started thinking about typography. This is going somewhere, I promise. Google is a ubiquitous brand. Heck, it's a verb, and their recent, jaw-droppingly well constructed Paris advert is more or less about that ubiquity. It trades on Google's integration into any information-seeking behaviour. But, as my tech support encounter suggests, people settle into comfortable patterns of thinking about things. They build schemas, and altering them can take work. Maybe the ubiquity even works to cement that. Alongside their online effort, Google is running billboard campaigns to advertise Chrome, a free product in a crowded space. They are running these ads in some kind of kooky Calibri / Comic Sans hybrid. Now, at first it seems odd that one of the world's more ubiquitous brands needs to run a big print campaign in public places - surely they have all the fluency they need? Well, not so much. Chrome, after all, is not the same as their core product, so there's some basic awareness work to do, and maybe a whole new batch of exposure effect to try and grab. But why the typeface? It's heavily foregrounded, and the ads are extremely textual. Plus, don't we all know that jovial, off-beat fonts look unprofessional, or something? There's a whole bunch of people who want (often rightly) to ban Comic Sans I wonder, though. Are Google trying to subtly disrupt cognitive fluency? There's an interesting paper (pdf) about - among other things - the effects of typography on they way people answer survey questions. Participants given the slightly harder to read question gave more abstract answers. The paper references other work suggesting that generally speaking, less-fluent question framing elicits more considered answers. The Chrome ad typeface is less fluent for print. Reactions may therefore be more considered, abstract, and disruptive. Is that, in fact, what Google need? They have brand ubiquity, but they want here to change accustomed behaviour, to get people to think about changing their browser. Is this actually a very elegant piece of persuasive information design? If you think about their "what is a browser?" vox pop research video, there's certainly a perceptual barrier they're going to have to tackle somehow.

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  • Cellbi Silverlight Controls Giveaway (5 License to give away)

    - by mbcrump
    Cellbi recently updated their new Silverlight Controls to version 4 and to support Visual Studio 2010. I played with a couple of demos on their site and had to take a look. I headed over to their website and downloaded the controls. The first thing that I noticed was all of the special text effects and animations included. I emailed them asking if I could give away their controls in my January 2011 giveaway and they said yes. They also volunteered to give away 5 total license so the changes for you to win would increase.  I am very thankful they were willing to help the Silverlight community with this giveaway. So some quick rules below: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Win a FREE developer’s license of Cellbi Silverlight Controls! (5 License to give away) Random winner will be announced on February 1st, 2011! To be entered into the contest do the following things: Subscribe to my feed. Leave a comment below with a valid email account (I WILL NOT share this info with anyone.) Retweet the following : I just entered to win free #Silverlight controls from @mbcrump and @cellbi http://mcrump.me/cscfree ! Don’t change the URL because this will allow me to track the users that Tweet this page. Don’t forget to visit Cellbi because they made this possible. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Before we get started with the Silverlight Controls, here is a couple of links to bookmark: The What's new in this release page is here. You can also check out the live demos here. Don’t worry about the Samples/Help Documentation. That is installed to your local HDD during the installation process. Begin by downloading the trial version and running the program. After everything is installed then you will see the following screen: After it is installed, you may want to take a look at your Toolbox in Visual Studio 2010. After you add the controls from the “Choose Items” in Silverlight and you will see that you now have access to all of these controls. At this point, to use the controls it’s as simple as drag/drop onto your Silverlight container. It will create the proper Namespaces for you. It’s hard to show with a static screenshot just how powerful the controls actually are so I will refer you to the demo page to learn more about them. Since all of these are animations/effects it just doesn’t work with a static screenshot. It is worth noting that the Sfx pack really focuses on the following core effects: I will show you the best route to get started building a new project with them below. The best page to start is the sample browser which you can access by going to SvFx Launcher. In my case, I want to build a new Carousel. I simple navigate to the Carousel that I want to build and hit the “Cs” code at the top. This launches Visual Studio 2010 and now I can copy/paste the XAML into my project. That is all there is to it. Hopefully this post was helpful and don’t forget to leave a comment below in order to win a set of the controls!  Subscribe to my feed

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  • The Implications of Modern Day Software Development Abstractions

    - by Andreas Grech
    I am currently doing a dissertation about the implications or dangers that today's software development practices or teachings may have on the long term effects of programming. Just to make it clear: I am not attacking the use abstractions in programming. Every programmer knows that abstractions are the bases for modularity. What I want to investigate with this dissertation are the positive and negative effects abstractions can have in software development. As regards the positive, I am sure that I can find many sources that can confirm this. But what about the negative effects of abstractions? Do you have any stories to share that talk about when certain abstractions failed on you? The main concern is that many programmers today are programming against abstractions without having the faintest idea of what the abstraction is doing under-the-covers. This may very well lead to bugs and bad design. So, in you're opinion, how important is it that programmers actually know what is going below the abstractions? Taking a simple example from Joel's Back to Basics, C's strcat: void strcat( char* dest, char* src ) { while (*dest) dest++; while (*dest++ = *src++); } The above function hosts the issue that if you are doing string concatenation, the function is always starting from the beginning of the dest pointer to find the null terminator character, whereas if you write the function as follows, you will return a pointer to where the concatenated string is, which in turn allows you to pass this new pointer to the concatenation function as the *dest parameter: char* mystrcat( char* dest, char* src ) { while (*dest) dest++; while (*dest++ = *src++); return --dest; } Now this is obviously a very simple as regards abstractions, but it is the same concept I shall be investigating. Finally, what do you think about the issue that schools are preferring to teach Java instead of C and Lisp ? Can you please give your opinions and your says as regards this subject? Thank you for your time and I appreciate every comment.

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  • HTTP POST with URL query parameters -- good idea or not?

    - by Steven Huwig
    I'm designing an API to go over HTTP and I am wondering if using the HTTP POST command, but with URL query parameters only and no request body, is a good way to go. Considerations: "Good Web design" requires non-idempotent actions to be sent via POST. This is a non-idempotent action. It is easier to develop and debug this app when the request parameters are present in the URL. The API is not intended for widespread use. It seems like making a POST request with no body will take a bit more work, e.g. a Content-Length: 0 header must be explicitly added. It also seems to me that a POST with no body is a bit counter to most developer's and HTTP frameworks' expectations. Are there any more pitfalls or advantages to sending parameters on a POST request via the URL query rather than the request body? Edit: The reason this is under consideration is that the operations are not idempotent and have side effects other than retrieval. See the HTTP spec: In particular, the convention has been established that the GET and HEAD methods SHOULD NOT have the significance of taking an action other than retrieval. These methods ought to be considered "safe". This allows user agents to represent other methods, such as POST, PUT and DELETE, in a special way, so that the user is made aware of the fact that a possibly unsafe action is being requested. ... Methods can also have the property of "idempotence" in that (aside from error or expiration issues) the side-effects of N 0 identical requests is the same as for a single request. The methods GET, HEAD, PUT and DELETE share this property. Also, the methods OPTIONS and TRACE SHOULD NOT have side effects, and so are inherently idempotent.

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  • Best Functional Approach

    - by dbyrne
    I have some mutable scala code that I am trying to rewrite in a more functional style. It is a fairly intricate piece of code, so I am trying to refactor it in pieces. My first thought was this: def iterate(count:Int,d:MyComplexType) = { //Generate next value n //Process n causing some side effects return iterate(count - 1, n) } This didn't seem functional at all to me, since I still have side effects mixed throughout my code. My second thought was this: def generateStream(d:MyComplexType):Stream[MyComplexType] = { //Generate next value n return Stream.cons(n, generateStream(n)) } for (n <- generateStream(initialValue).take(2000000)) { //process n causing some side effects } This seemed like a better solution to me, because at least I've isolated my functional value-generation code from the mutable value-processing code. However, this is much less memory efficient because I am generating a large list that I don't really need to store. This leaves me with 3 choices: Write a tail-recursive function, bite the bullet and refactor the value-processing code Use a lazy list. This is not a memory sensitive app (although it is performance sensitive) Come up with a new approach. I guess what I really want is a lazily evaluated sequence where I can discard the values after I've processed them. Any suggestions?

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