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  • On what platform did these popular programming languages originate?

    - by speciousfool
    Perhaps you know the story of HTTP and HTML being developed on a NeXT computer. I am curious which platform served as the first home for these programming languages: Ada C C++ C# D Erlang Fortran Haskell Java Javascript Lisp Logo MATLAB ML Perl PHP Prolog Python R Ruby Scheme SQL Smalltalk I thought it might be interesting to reflect on how the machine and operating environment lead to different design decisions. Or to see if some architecture or operating system variant was particularly fruitful for programming language development. A question for the historians among us.

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  • Translate Languages in IE 8 with Bing Translator

    - by Asian Angel
    Do you need side by side or hover language translations while browsing? Then join us as we look at the Bing Translator accelerator for Internet Explorer 8. Note: This article is geared towards those who may not have used this accelerator before or declined to “add it” when setting up IE 8. Using Bing Translator Once you have clicked on Add to Internet Explorer and confirmed the installation your new accelerator is ready to use. For our example we chose a Norwegian news article. Right-click within the webpage to access the context menu entry for translating. Depending on the originating language, you may want to go ahead and set it manually before beginning the translation. The translation will be opened in a new tab… Note: The same entry can also be accessed through the All Accelerators listing. There are four settings available for viewing your translations: side by side, top/bottom, original with hover translation, & translation with hover original. First a look at the side by side view. When maximized the window area will be divided 50/50 and as you hover your mouse or scroll in one side the same action will occur simultaneously in the other side. The top/bottom view. As above browser actions occur simultaneously in both sections. The original with hover translation view. Especially helpful if you are studying a new language and want to check your level of understanding for the original language. The translation with original hover view. Four different viewing options make it easy to find the one that best suits your needs. Conclusion If you need a convenient way to translate between languages in Internet Explorer 8, then the Bing Translator accelerator just might be what you have been looking for. Links Add the Bing Translator accelerator to Internet Explorer 8 Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Quickly Translate Text to Another Language in Word 2007Add Google Translation Power to FirefoxTranslate Foreign Website Text to your Native LanguageAuto Translate Text in Google ChromeView Word Definitions in IE 8 with the Define with Bing Accelerator TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips HippoRemote Pro 2.2 Xobni Plus for Outlook All My Movies 5.9 CloudBerry Online Backup 1.5 for Windows Home Server 24 Million Sites Windows Media Player Glass Icons (icons we like) How to Forecast Weather, without Gadgets Outlook Tools, one stop tweaking for any Outlook version Zoofs, find the most popular tweeted YouTube videos Video preview of new Windows Live Essentials

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  • How do languages handle side effects of compound operators?

    - by Kos
    Hello, Assume such situation: int a = (--t)*(t-2); int b = (t/=a)+t; In C and C++ this is undefined behaviour, as described here: Undefined Behavior and Sequence Points However, how does this situation look in: JavaScript, Java, PHP... C# well, any other language which has compound operators? I'm bugfixing a Javascript - C++ port right now in which this got unnoticed in many places. I'd like to know how other languages generally handle this... Leaving the order undefined is somehow specific to C and C++, isn't it?

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  • Is there any valid reason radians are used as the inputs to trig function in many modern languages?

    - by johnmortal
    Is there any pressing reason trig functions should use radian inputs in modern programming languages? As far as I know radians are typically ugly to deal with except in three cases: (1) You want to compute an arc length and you know the angle of the arc and (2) You need to do symbolic calculus with trig functions (3) certain infinite series expansion look prettier if the input is in radians. None of these scenarios seem like a worthy justification for every programming language I am familiar with using radian inputs for Sin, Cos, Tangent, etc... The third one sounds good because it might mean one gets faster computations using radians (very slightly faster- the cost of one additional floating point multiplication ) , but I am dubious even of that because most commonly the developer had to take an extra step to put the angle in radians in the first place. The other two are ridiculous justifications for all the added obscurity.

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  • What languages allow cross-platform native executables to be created?

    - by JT
    I'm frustrated to discover that Java lacks an acceptable solution for creating programs that will run via double-click. Other than .NET for Windows, what modern and high-level programming languages can I write code in that can be compiled for various platforms and run as a native/binary in each (Windows, Linux, OSX (optional)) Assuming I wanted to write code in python, for instance, is there a cohesive way that I could distribute my software which wouldn't require users to do anything special to get it to run? I want to write and distribute software for computer-illiterate and Java has turned out to be a real pain in this respect.

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  • New or not so well-known paradigms, syntax features and behaviours of programming languages?

    - by George B
    I've designed some educational programming languages and interpreters for them, but my problem always was that they ended up "normal" and "boring", mostly similar to some kind of existing language (ASM and BASIC). I find it really hard to come up with new ideas for syntax features, "neat things" and new or very modified programming paradigms for it. I always thought that it was hard to come up with good new things not fun/useless new things for this case. I wondered if you could help me out with your creativity: What features in terms of language syntax and built-in functions as well as maybe even new paradigms can I work into my language to keep it useless but more fun, enjoyable, interesting and/or different to program in?

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  • Is there any Application Server Frameworks for other languages/platforms than JavaEE and .NET?

    - by Jonas
    I'm a CS student and has rare experience from the enterprise software industry. When I'm reading about enterprise software platforms, I mostly read about these two: Java Enterprise Edition, JavaEE .NET and Windows Communication Foundation By "enterprise software platforms" I mean frameworks and application servers with support for the same characteristics as J2EE and WCF has: [JavaEE] provide functionality to deploy fault-tolerant, distributed, multi-tier Java software, based largely on modular components running on an application server. WCF is designed in accordance with service oriented architecture principles to support distributed computing where services are consumed by consumers. Clients can consume multiple services and services can be consumed by multiple clients. Services are loosely coupled to each other. Is there any alternatives to these two "enterprise software platforms"? Isn't any other programming languages used in a bigger rate for this problem area? I.e Why isn't there any popular application servers for C++/Qt?

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  • Jack of all trades, master of none [closed]

    - by Rope
    I've got a question similar to this one: Is looking for code examples constantly a sign of a bad developer? though not entirely. I got off college 2 years ago and I'm currently struggling with a University study. Most likely I'll have to drop out and start working within the next couple of months. Now here's the pickle. I have no speciality what so ever. When I got out of college I had worked with C, C++ and Java. I had had an internship at NEC-Philips and got familiar with C# (.NET) and I taught myself how it worked. After college I started working with PHP, HTML,SQL, MySQL Javascript and Jquery. I'm currently teaching myself Ruby on Rails and thus Ruby. At my university I also got familiar with MATLAB. As you can see I've got a broad scope of languages and frameworks I'm familiar with, but none I know inside-out. So I guess this kinda applies to me: "Jack of all trades, master of none.". I've been looking for jobs and I've noticed that most of them require some years of experience with a certain language and some specifications that apply to that language. My question is: How do I pick a speciality? And how do I know if I'll actually enjoy it? As I've worked with loads of languages how would I be able to tell this is right for me? I don't like being tied down to a specific role and I quite like being a generalist. But in order to make more money I would need a specialisation. How would I pick something that goes against my nature? Thanks in advance, Rope.

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  • Java devs: why not use Groovy?

    - by FarmBoy
    OK, so there are quite a few people using Java these days. But as the language nears two decades of age, it isn't exactly the coolest option out there. Many of us are excited about dynamic languages with some functional features like Ruby or Python, even though we spend our days using Java. So why is it that the adoption of Groovy has been so slow? It seems that Groovy offers much of the benefits of Ruby and Python, but it is far easier to transition a Java shop to Groovy. Even if performance were the concern, it seems that many would want to use Groovy for testing the production Java code. Or use Groovy/Grails for internal apps in which performance concerns are minimal. Or for writing one-off scripts to generate code. Yet Groovy languishes outside of Tiobe's top 50 languages, for reasons that are unclear to me. I have been using Groovy and Grails professionally for about four months, and it has been an excellent experience, such that I hate to think about going back to the Java/Spring/Hibernate model. Does anyone have any sense on why we are not seeing more significant migration from Java to Groovy? Note that I'm not asking why Java developers are still using Java for new projects. My question is: Why is it that most Java Developers are still not using Groovy at all. Edit: I am assuming that all good developers see the utility of dynamic typing and higher order functions for some programming tasks. (Even if it is deemed inappropriate for production code.)

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  • What are the factors affecting a new programming language?

    - by Saurav Sengupta
    I am developing a new general-purpose programming language of my own design. It's currently my own personal project. I have read of some experts saying that new languages do not usually survive (unfortunately I can't find a reference to that right now). What are the most substantial problems that a new language faces? The language syntax is similar to C/Python families, it does not use S-expressions, and it is an imperative language, but I'm doing first-class functions in it to provide the facilities of currying. In particular, I am concentrating on translating the source language to an intermediate language for execution by an interpreter, but I'm not in a position to translate to native code yet. What would be the issues with that? I've not personally used many non-native code languages, so I'm not well aware of the performance issues on today's machines. I also can't decide upon a lexer and parser generator. What would be the pros and cons of Flex and Yacc vs. hand-made? And what benefits will LLVM provide? I need to get the interpreter ready as quickly as possible. Finally, what factors will affect the language's use post release? I am planning a small library of essentials and full documentation for the first phase.

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  • What are the pros and cons about developing under MAC OS? [closed]

    - by user827992
    Sometimes i get the chance to program under MAC OS, i knew about this OS since Apple shipped its computers with a PowerPC by Motorola ( since Panther, more or less ), these days they are all X86 and i see no particular advantages about adopting this platform, also i see only downsides for the main part, i do not want to cause flames, please reply if you have a good answer or you can contribute in some constructive way. I'm trying to write a list of the natively supported languages, or the languages that comes only under MAC OS with some particular technology, my list is this: Objective C with Cocoa/Carbon I'm not considering personal preferences here, if a person X likes to code under Xcode it's probably ok to have a MAC, if a person Y likes to code under Visual Studio it's probably ok to not having a MAC, my purpose is to clarify what MAC OS is good for. I also do not get why people glorify the MAC for historical reasons, I mean a language like Java just comes for MAC only in the 7th edition of its JDK, things like GCC are just a porting and many technologies are out of the question like C# ( I'm sorry, i do not consider MonoDevelop like a serious alternative ) , .Net, ASP, DirectX, and many others are just, again, porting or free software, like PHP, MySQL, Javascript, XML, CSS, OpenGL, etc etc. My question is: what is so special about being a programmer under MAC OS? There is something that I have not seen? I also noticed that a significant portion of MAC users end up using their MAC like a normal Windows PC with Parallels or something like that. I can afford to buy a MAC, show me why this machine is so unique.

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  • How do I create my own programming language and a compiler for it

    - by Dave
    I am thorough with programming and have come across languages including BASIC, FORTRAN, COBOL, LISP, LOGO, Java, C++, C, MATLAB, Mathematica, Python, Ruby, Perl, JavaScript, Assembly and so on. I can't understand how people create programming languages and devise compilers for it. I also couldn't understand how people create OS like Windows, Mac, UNIX, DOS and so on. The other thing that is mysterious to me is how people create libraries like OpenGL, OpenCL, OpenCV, Cocoa, MFC and so on. The last thing I am unable to figure out is how scientists devise an assembly language and an assembler for a microprocessor. I would really like to learn all of these stuff and I am 15 years old. I always wanted to be a computer scientist someone like Babbage, Turing, Shannon, or Dennis Ritchie. I have already read Aho's Compiler Design and Tanenbaum's OS concepts book and they all only discuss concepts and code in a high level. They don't go into the details and nuances and how to devise a compiler or operating system. I want a concrete understanding so that I can create one myself and not just an understanding of what a thread, semaphore, process, or parsing is. I asked my brother about all this. He is a SB student in EECS at MIT and hasn't got a clue of how to actually create all these stuff in the real world. All he knows is just an understanding of Compiler Design and OS concepts like the ones that you guys have mentioned (i.e. like Thread, Synchronization, Concurrency, memory management, Lexical Analysis, Intermediate code generation and so on)

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  • learn the programming language for computing functions about integers

    - by asd
    Hi I know something about Pascal, Mathematica and Matlab, but I dont have any idea about C,C++,C# languages. I want to learn one of the languages that they they are fast and exact to compute some arithmetic functions for large numbers(for example larger than $10^3000$). I asked somebody and he said he used C++ and he said I computed this sequence in less than 10 min. I want to know C, C++, C# and visual kind of theses programs and know which is better for my goal. Let $f$ be an arithmetic function and A={k1,k2,...,kn} are integers in increasing order. Now I want to start with k1 and compare f(ki) with f(k1). If f(ki)f(k1), put ki as k1. Now start with ki, and compare f(kj) with f(ki), for ji. If f(kj)f(ki), put kj as ki, and repeat this procedure. At the end we will have a sub sequence B={L1,...,Lm} of A by this property: f(L(i+1))f(L(i)), for any 1<=i<=m-1 I have written a code for this program with Mathematica, and it take some hours to compute f of ki's or the set B for large numbers. For example, let f is the divisor function of integers. Do you know how to write the code for my purpose in Mathematica or Matlab. Mathematica is preferable.

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  • Which language is more suitable heavy file tasks?

    - by All
    I need to write a script (based on basic functions) to process /image/audio/video files. The process is mainly filesystem tasks and converts. The database of files has been stored by mysql. The script is simple but cause heavy tasks on the system; for example renaming/converting/copying thousands of file in a run. The script does not read the content of files into memory, it just manage the commands for sub-processes. The main weight is on the communication with filesystem. The script will be used regularly for new files. My concern is about performance. I am thinking of Shell script a complied language like C Please advise which programming language is more suitable for this purpose and why? UPDATE: An example is to scan a folder for images, convert them with ImageMagick, move files to destination folder, get file info, then update the database. As you can see, the process has no room for optimization, and most of languages have similar APIs for popular programs like ImageMagick, MySQL, etc. Thus, it can be written in any language. I just wish to reduce resource usage by speeding up the long loop. NOTE: I know that questions about comparing languages are not favorable, but I really had problem to choose, because the problems can appear in action.

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  • Language Niches and Niche Libraries

    - by Roman A. Taycher
    "Everyone Knows" ... ... that c is widely used for low level programs in large part because operating system/device apis are usually in c. ... that Java is widely used for enterprise applications in large part because of enterprise libraries and ide support. ... that ruby is widely used for webapps thanks in large part because of rails and its library ecosytem But lets go into to details what are the specific niches and subniches. Especially with respect to libraries. Where might you embed lua for application scripting versus python. Where would you use Java vs C#. Which languages do different scientists use? Also which languages have libraries for these subniches? Things like bioperl/scipy/Incanter. Please no flamewars about how nice each language or environment is. This is where they used. Also no complaints about marketing/PHBs. (Manually migrated) I asked this question again after it was closed on stackoverflow.com

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  • How do I create my own programming language and a compiler for it

    - by Dave
    I am thorough with programming and have come across languages including BASIC, FORTRAN, COBOL, LISP, LOGO, Java, C++, C, MATLAB, Mathematica, Python, Ruby, Perl, Javascript, Assembly and so on. I can't understand how people create programming languages and devise compilers for it. I also couldn't understand how people create OS like Windows, Mac, UNIX, DOS and so on. The other thing that is mysterious to me is how people create libraries like OpenGL, OpenCL, OpenCV, Cocoa, MFC and so on. The last thing I am unable to figure out is how scientists devise an assembly language and an assembler for a microprocessor. I would really like to learn all of these stuff and I am 15 years old. I always wanted to be a computer scientist some one like Babbage, Turing, Shannon, or Dennis Ritchie. I have already read Aho's Compiler Design and Tanenbaum's OS concepts book and they all only discuss concepts and code in a high level. They don't go into the details and nuances and how to devise a compiler or operating system. I want a concrete understanding so that I can create one myself and not just an understanding of what a thread, semaphore, process, or parsing is. I asked my brother about all this. He is a SB student in EECS at MIT and hasn't got a clue of how to actually create all these stuff in the real world. All he knows is just an understanding of Compiler Design and OS concepts like the ones that you guys have mentioned (ie like Thread, Synchronisation, Concurrency, memory management, Lexical Analysis, Intermediate code generation and so on)

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  • First ATMs programming language

    - by revo
    First ATMs performed tasks like a cash dispenser, they were offline machines which worked with punch cards impregnated with Carbon and a 6-digit PIN code. Maximum withdrawal with a card was 10 pounds and each one was a one-time use card - ATM swallowed cards! The first ATM was installed in London in the year 1967, as I looked at time line of programming languages, there were many programming languages made before that decade. I don't know about the hardware neither, but in which programming language it was written? *I didn't find a detailed biography of John Shepherd-Barron (ATM inventor at 70s) Update I found this picture, which is taken from a newspaper back to the year 1972 in Iran. Translated PS : Shows Mr. Rad-lon (if spelled correctly), The manager of Barros (if spelled correctly) International Educational Institute in United Kingdom at the right, and Mr. Jim Sutherland - Expert of Computer Kiosks. In the rest of the text I found on this paper, these kind of ATMs which called "Automated Computer Kiosk" were advertised with this: Mr. Rad-lon (if spelled correctly) puts his card to one specific location of Automated Computer Kiosk and after 10 seconds he withdraws his cash. Two more questions are: 1- How those ATMs were so fast? (withdrawal in 10 seconds in that year) 2- I didn't find any text on Internet which state about "Automated Computer Kiosk", Is it valid or were they being called Computer in that time?

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  • Why does there seem to be a lot of fear in choosing the "wrong" language to learn?

    - by Shewbox
    Perhaps its just me, but as a current CS student I have already come across many questions on this site and elsewhere about not just "Which language should I use for x?" but also "Does anyone still use language Y?" My first CS class was taught in Scheme, which, if I'm not mistaken, isn't used widely (at least in comparison to languages like Java, PHP, Python, etc). Many of my classmates balked at the idea of having to learn a language they would never have to use again, but I don't quite understand where so much of this fear of learning less popular languages comes from. No, I may not use Scheme in any job I get, but I certainly don't regret having learned to use it (albeit in a very beginner, not very in-depth manner in that one semester). I am taking a search engines class this semester, which is done in Perl and again I am seeing classmates complaining about the language choice. I can understand having a favorite language and disliking others but why do some get worked up over learning it in the first place? Can you really learn the "wrong" language? Isn't learning something like Scheme or Haskell good mental exercise if nothing else, and useful at least to exposure to different ways of solving problems?

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  • Should sanity be a property of a programmer or a program?

    - by toplel32
    I design and implement languages, that can range from object notations to markup languages. In many cases I have considered restrictions in favor of sanity (common knowledge), like in the case of control characters in identifiers. There are two consequences to consider before doing this: It takes extra computation It narrows liberty I'm interested to learn how developers think of decisions like this. As you may know Microsoft C# is very open on the contrary. If you really want to prefix your integer as Long with 'l' instead of 'L' and so risk other developers of confusing '1' and 'l', no problem. If you want to name your variables in non-latin script so they will contrast with C#'s latin keywords, no problem. Or if you want to distribute a string over multiple lines and so break a series of indentation, no problem. It is cheap to ensure consistency with restrictions and this makes it tempting to implement. But in the case of disallowing non-latin characters (concerning the second example), it means a discredit to Unicode, because one would not take full advantage of its capacity.

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  • Do you like languages that let you put the "then" before the "if"?

    - by Matt Hamilton
    I was reading through some C# code of mine today and found this line: if (ProgenyList.ItemContainerGenerator.Status != System.Windows.Controls.Primitives.GeneratorStatus.ContainersGenerated) return; Notice that you can tell without scrolling that it's an "if" statement that works with ItemContainerGenerator.Status, but you can't easily tell that if the "if" clause evaluates to "false" the method will return at that point. Realistically I should have moved the "return" statement to a line by itself, but it got me thinking about languages that allow the "then" part of the statement first. If C# permitted it, the line could look like this: return if (ProgenyList.ItemContainerGenerator.Status != System.Windows.Controls.Primitives.GeneratorStatus.ContainersGenerated); This might be a bit "argumentative", but I'm wondering what people think about this kind of construct. It might serve to make lines like the one above more readable, but it also might be disastrous. Imagine this code: return 3 if (x > y); Logically we can only return if x y, because there's no "else", but part of me looks at that and thinks, "are we still returning if x <= y? If so, what are we returning?" What do you think of the "then before the if" construct? Does it exist in your language of choice? Do you use it often? Would C# benefit from it?

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