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  • How do I permanently disable Linux's console screen saver, system-wide?

    - by raldi
    I've got an Ubuntu server that boots up in text mode. It rarely has a screen or keyboard attached to it, but when I do attach a screen, I usually have to attach a keyboard too, because the darn console mode screen saver will be on and I'll need to hit a key to see what's going on. I'm aware that the setterm command can disable this, but it's a per-session thing. How can I make it so the machine never ever blanks the screen in text mode, even when it's first booted up and sitting at the login prompt?

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  • How do I log file system read/writes by filename in Linux?

    - by Casey
    I'm looking for a simple method that will log file system operations. It should display the name of the file being accessed or modified. I'm familiar with powertop, and it appears this works to an extent, in so much that it show the user files that were written to. Is there any other utilities that support this feature. Some of my findings: powertop: best for write access logging, but more focused on CPU activity iotop: shows real time disk access by process, but not file name lsof: shows the open files per process, but not real time file access iostat: shows the real time I/O performance of disk/arrays but does not indicate file or process

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  • How do I find out when and by whom a particular user was deleted in linux?

    - by executor21
    I've recently ran into a very odd occurrence on one system I'm using. For no apparent reason, my user account was deleted, although the home directory is still there. I have root access, so I can restore the account, but first, I want to know how this happened, and exactly when. Inspecting the root's .bash_history file and the "last" command gave nothing, and I'm (well, was) the only sudoer on the system. How would I know when this deletion happened? The distro is CentOS release 5.4 (Final), if that helps.

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  • Linux: How do I use Munin in cPanel to monitor MySQL?

    - by Continuation
    I have a cPanel server running CentOS 5.5. I want to use Munin to monitor MySQL. I went to: Main >> cPanel >> Manage Plugins and selected "Install and keep updated" for Munin and clicked "Save". I got the usual bunch of status updates about the install. At the end I got: Going to read '/home/.cpan/sources/modules/02packages.details.txt.gz' Database was generated on Wed, 02 Mar 2011 18:28:33 GMT ..........................................................................DONE Going to read '/home/.cpan/sources/modules/03modlist.data.gz' Out of memory! Callback called exit. Done Done Done Process Complete As you can see I got an "Out of memory!" message. But after that it said "Process Complete". Was Munin installed? When I went back to "Manage Plugins" it Munin has a check that against "Install and keep updated". So is everything alright? And how do I use Munin now? How do i configure it to monitor MySQL? Where can I see the results? Thanks.

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  • How to know the level of a symlink in linux?

    - by ???
    For example, if a symlink a -> b b -> c c -> d say, the symlink level of a is 3. Then, is there any utility to get this info? And, also I want to get the expansion detail of a symlink, which will show me something like: 1. /abc/xyz is expanded to /abc/xy/z (lrwx--x--x root root) 2. /abc/xy/z is expanded to /abc/xy-1.3.2/z (lrwx--x--x root root) 3. /abc/xy-1.3.2/z is expanded to /abc/xy-1.3.2/z-4.6 (lrwx--x--x root root) 4. /abc/xy-1.3.2/z-4.6 is expanded to /storage/121/43/z_4_6 (lrwx--x--x root root) 5. /storage/121/43/z_4_6 is expanded to /media/kitty_3135/43/z_4_6 (lrwx--x--x root root) So I can diagnostic with the symlinks. Any idea?

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  • Linux virtual disk stripping or multi-path samba share?

    - by wachpwnski
    I am trying to build a file storage box for media. It needs to span two or more directories or partitions as one share. There are a few solutions but reasons why I want to avoid them, among these are: Using LVM2 for stripping. I don't really have the resources to back up everything on the volumes incase one HDD goes south. I would end up loosing everything. Maybe there is a better option for this to prevent data loss with hot swappable drives or some kind of raid. Using symbolic links in the share. This will get tedious every time a new sub-directory is added. Is there some kind of software raid I can use to merge two directories virtually? I am aware of the issue where /dev/hda1/media/file.1 and /dev/hdb1/media/file.1 both exist. But I'm sure there are some creative solutions for this.

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  • How to get linux to stop asking "There are # rows, list them anyway? [n/y]" for auto-completing

    - by Michael
    How do I get tcsh to stop asking if I want to list files in a directory that may have a lot of auto-completes? For example, if I do: xemacs ../"TAB" to get the list of files it asks: There are 371 rows, list them anyway? [n/y] I don't want it to ask this, just list them.. it's getting tiresome. (Or how to at least set the tolerance to a higher number of auto-completes before it asks) Thanks.

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  • How to find out which process is hogging the linux server?

    - by user1149518
    We have a RHEL server. Today it suddenly became slow. Symptoms - It was responding slow to ping queries from other server. When I try to login using ssh, it was taking about 10 seconds to login. I was able to resolve the problem by doing some guess work. I killed one process which I thought was culprit. Which resolved the problem. Though I would like to know what's proper approach to detect the culprit in such kind of "slow server" situations. Le me know proper way to resolving such slowness issues and decting the process causing the slowness. These were the conditions when the server was slow - # vmstat 3 3 procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu------ r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 1 1 176 6730868 285052 4899676 0 0 3 4 0 0 1 1 97 1 0 0 0 176 6751576 285064 4899704 0 0 0 115 15307 37171 1 1 96 3 0 0 0 176 6751948 285068 4899700 0 0 0 23 14813 39559 1 1 98 1 0 # top top - 16:38:18 up 150 days, 19:36, 64 users, load average: 1.68, 1.46, 1.44 Tasks: 1287 total, 2 running, 1284 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 1.3%us, 1.7%sy, 0.1%ni, 95.9%id, 0.7%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st Mem: 16620824k total, 9867124k used, 6753700k free, 287424k buffers Swap: 8193140k total, 176k used, 8192964k free, 4898996k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 26258 khk 34 19 130m 47m 7088 S 11.2 0.3 385:32.42 edm Though I would like to know what's proper approach to detect the culprit in such kind of "slow server" situations. Le me know proper way to resolving such slowness issues and decting the process causing the slowness.

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  • How does one enable --write-mostly with Linux RAID?

    - by user76871
    Unfortunately the mdadm and mdadm.conf man pages are not quite up to par. I would like to enable the --write-mostly flag for my RAID, but neither the man pages nor the internet will tell me how. I am not aware of any place to put default arguments for mdadm, nor aware of when it would be launched and by what. It seems the logical place to add this information is mdadm.conf, but the flag is unmentioned in man mdadm.conf. Where and how can I enable --write-mostly? Thank you.

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  • In Linux, is it possible to get a listing of drives' disk space usage that also shows volume labels?

    - by DavidH
    I know about df, of course, but df does not output volume labels. I have 5 USB hard drives plugged into my NAS box, and would love to know which is which. Current df output: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 27G 2.2G 24G 9% / none 56M 476K 55M 1% /dev none 60M 0 60M 0% /dev/shm none 60M 332K 59M 1% /var/run none 60M 0 60M 0% /var/lock none 60M 0 60M 0% /lib/init/rw /dev/sde1 150G 102G 48G 68% /media/usb0 /dev/sdb1 299G 196G 103G 66% /media/usb1 /dev/sdc1 233G 183G 51G 79% /media/usb2 /dev/sdd1 233G 209G 25G 90% /media/usb3 /dev/sdf1 150G 101G 49G 68% /media/usb4

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  • How to automatically copy a file uploaded by a user by FTP in Linux (CentOS)?

    - by Buttle Butkus
    Outside contractor says they need read/write/execute permissions on part of the filesystem so they can run a script. I'm ok with that, but I want to know what they're running, in case it turns out there is some nefarious code. I assume they are going to upload the file, run it, and then delete it to prevent me from finding out what they've done. How can I find out exactly what they've done? My question specifically asks for a way of automatically copying the file, which would be one way. But if you have another solution, that's fine. For example, if the file could be automatically copied to /home/root/uploaded_files/ that would be awesome.

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  • How do I setup an Alias on Apache with XAMPP on Linux ? (Permission problem)

    - by knarf
    XAMPP works fine but I want to have http://localhost/f to point to /home/knarf/prog/php/fwyxz. I've chmod -R 777 /home/knarf/prog/php/fwyxz I've added Alias /f /home/knarf/prog/php/fwyxz at the end of the httpd.conf And when I try to access it, I get a 403. From the apache error_log: [error] [client 127.0.0.1] (13)Permission denied: access to /f denied. I've already tried several solutions (userdir and symlinks) but they both failed with the same error. I've also tried to add this after the Alias: <Directory "/home/knarf/prog/php/fwyxz"> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> But again, permission denied. Now if I change the User/Group under which apache runs from nobody to knarf, it seems to work (static files are ok) but PHP can't use/initialize sessions : [error] [client 127.0.0.1] PHP Warning: session_start() [function.session-start]: open(/tmp/sess_r5nrmu4ugqguqqe83rs53lq6k0, O_RDWR) failed: Permission denied (13) in /home/knarf/prog/php/fwyxz/index.php on line 3 [error] [client 127.0.0.1] PHP Warning: Unknown: open(/tmp/sess_r5nrmu4ugqguqqe83rs53lq6k0, O_RDWR) failed: Permission denied (13) in Unknown on line 0 [error] [client 127.0.0.1] PHP Warning: Unknown: Failed to write session data (files). Please verify that the current setting of session.save_path is correct () in Unknown on line 0 This is really frustrating.

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  • Compiz & Linux compositing: how does it fit into the X architecture?

    - by Latanius
    Not a really "how to solve stuff" question, but... I was wondering how the modern X architecture works, with compiz & all. What I know about it: in the beginning, there was the X server, clients connected (presumably on TCP), and then sent messages to the server to instruct it to show windows etc. because this didn't work (at all? or just fast enough?) for OpenGL & 3D acceleration, additional APIs were created for direct rendering (DRI? and, in addition to the X server, what things did the X clients talk to to render stuff and through what interfaces?) and, finally, enter Compiz: X clients end up (somehow) rendering to OpenGL textures, which is then put together to form a fancy-looking screen with translucent windows, and rendered to the screen. What I'm especially interested in is what components does the system have and how do they connect to each other? Like... if there is a box labelled "compiz" in the system... is it inside the X server? If it's not, how do the rendered images from the apps end up in it? And where does it render to? Is that another X server? Or DRI? Of course, I'd be equally happy if pointed to some docs capable of clearing up the confusion described above (conditional on they being significantly shorter than book-sized entities).

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  • Can I rent exclusive time on a powerful server running linux? [closed]

    - by Mark Borgerding
    My company is involved in a proposal that requires speed estimates of our software on a server with the latest & greatest processors. This is not the first time we've been in this situation. The servers themselves are too expensive to buy a new one every time, so we end up extrapolating from what we have. There are so many variables: processor generation & speed, memory speed, memory channels, cache configurations; it makes extrapolation difficult and error-prone. Is there a business that rents time on the newest servers? At least part of the time we'd need exclusive access to an otherwise quiescent system either via ssh shell access or unattended batch jobs. I am not looking for general cloud computing services. I don't need much time on the server, but it needs to be exclusive. And the server needs to be pretty cutting edge for a solid basis of estimate.

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  • How to remove a non-empty directory which is not owned by the user in Linux?

    - by Alex B
    If a directory "foo" is owned by user A and contains a directory "bar", which is owned by root, user A can simply remove it with rmdir, which is logical, because "foo" is writable by user A. But if the directory "bar" contains another root-owned file, the directory can't be removed, because files in it must be removed first, so it becomes empty. But "bar" itself is not writable, so it's not possible to remove files in it. Is there a way around it? Or, convince me otherwise why it's necessary.

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  • How to calculate proper amount of inode/block sizes for a linux filesystem.

    - by Donatello
    I have an old reiser filesystem which I'm going to convert to Ext3. The problem I have is to determine the proper block- and inode-sizes for this partition. The partition is 44 GB large and has to hold 3,000,000+ files of sizes between 1 kb and 10kb, how can I figure out the best ratio of inodes and blocksize? The below is something I tried which seems OK but makes the copying files incredibly slow. mkfs.ext3 -t ext3 -c -c -b 1024 -i 4096 -I 128 -v -j -O sparse_super,filetype,has_journal /dev/sdb1 Thanks.

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  • Most effective way to change Linux command prompt for all users?

    - by incredimike
    I have several machines and the hostnames are really long.. i.e. companyname-ux-staging-web1.companyname.com. So my prompt looks something like [root@mycompany-ux-staging-web1 ~]# I'd like to shorten that up for all users on all machines with the least amount of work. From what I read I have a couple options, but they all have their drawbacks. I could change the hostname, but that would likely affect applications. Not a great choice. I could alter also $PS1 at login for all users by editing all .bashrc for existing users, and edit /etc/skel/.bashrc for potential new users. That's a lot of work across 10 machines. What's my best option or what have I overlooked?

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  • Run shell script on Linux box from a shortcut/app in Android?

    - by melat0nin
    I have an Ubuntu box which runs XBMC, which crashes occasionally. Since I have no keyboard connected,I have to SSH in, kill xinit, then restart it. I was wondering if there's an elegant way of doing this from my Android tablet, so I don't have to go to my desktop PC. I've used ConnectBot and can log in, but typing is laborious, even using the edit keys to scroll back up through the buffer. It seems as though it should be possible to script this so that I can execute a shortcut, or at least select a predefined script to be executed. This would seem to have plenty of applications, and there could be a site of scripts - restart webserver, reboot, email logs etc

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  • What character can be safely used for naming files on unix/linux?

    - by Eric DANNIELOU
    Before yesterday, I used only lower case letters, numbers, dot (.) and underscore(_) for directories and file naming. Today I would like to start using more special characters. Which ones are safe (by safe I mean I will never have any problem)? ps : I can't believe this question hasn't been asked already on this site, but I've searched for the word "naming" and read canonical questions without success (mosts are about computer names). Edit #1 : (btw, I don't use upper case letters for file names. I don't remember why. But since a few month, I have production problems with upper case letters : Some OS do not support ascii!) Here's what happened yesterday at work : As usual, I had to create a self signed SSL certificate. As usual, I used the name of the website for the files : www2.example.com.key www2.example.com.crt www2.example.com.csr. Then comes the problem : Generate a wildcard self signed certificate. I did that and named the files example.com.key example.com.crt example.com.csr, which is misleading (it's a certificate for *.example.com). I came back home, started putting some stars in apache configuration files filenames and see if it works (on a useless home computer, not even stagging). Stars in file names really scares me : Some coworkers/vendors/... can do some script using rm find xarg that would lead to http://www.ucs.cam.ac.uk/support/unix-support/misc/horror, and already one answer talks about disaster. Edit #2 : Just figured that : does not need to be escaped. Anyone knows why it is not used in file names?

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  • What command line tools for monitoring host network activity on linux do you use?

    - by user27388
    What command line tools are good for reliably monitoring network activity? I have used ifconfig, but an office colleague said that its statistics are not always reliable. Is that true? I have recently used ethtool, but is it reliable? What about just looking at /proc/net 'files'? Is that any better? EDIT I'm interested in packets Tx/Rx, bytes Tx/Rx, but most importantly drops or errors and why the drop/error might have occurred.

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