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  • Why do I get "Only a single instance of this application can run" ?

    - by Kathleen
    I have been trying to update my Adobe Flash Player for hours. I've read the forum, downloaded the uninstaller, restarted on every attempt. Tried for Firefox and IE. When I click on the downloaded icon, it disappears and this message comes up: "only one instance of this application can run". Also checked Adobe and other various sites for a solution. I need my browsers, with Flash. Can someone help?

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  • Can single ESXi host make use of two separete iSCSI box?

    - by user71061
    Hi! I have problem with using multiply iSCSI targets with single ESXi host (in my case they are two FreeNAS hosts, but I suspect that this problem will occur with any two iSCSI box of that same type/model). If I configure two FreeNAS hosts as iSCSI targets (say iSCSI A and iSCSI B), then I can use both of them with my ESXi host, but only one at a time (i.e only iSCSI A or only iSCSI B, but not both of them simultaneously). If I try to add second iSCSI target to my iSCSI adapter (of course it has unique iqn name), then in a details pane of this adapter (it is iSCSI software adapter), I see that total number of paths has increased accordingly, but not total number of devices (so I can't use it as another storage). What should I do? It is impossible to attach two iSCSI targets to single adapter? I'm using free version of ESXi 4.1. Maybe it is an limitation of free version? Thanks in advance for any sugestion.

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  • Are there any negative impact running all services on a single static IP?

    - by Jake
    I need to setup a VPN trunk (with remote branch office location), Video Conference and Web Server on-premise in the office. I am used to ISP providing blocks of 8 or 16 IPs. But I have a new ISP which says they only can provide a single IP. Are there any issues with running all services on a single IP? I don't think this has any thing to do with bandwidth..? I'm not using SSL certificates... I can do port forwarding to different machines... What else...? Disclaimer: I am a programmer by training. Sorry for noob question.

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  • Wireless technology - which is better: more single radio APs or less dual radio APs?

    - by gert_78
    We are currently talking to vendors of wireless solutions for a wireless deployment in a university campus with some 5000 students. One vendor is offering us a Cisco solution with a WLC 5508 controller and 69 2x2 MIMO Dual-band/Dual radio APs (Aironet AP 1042 model) The other vendor is offering us an Aruba solution with a 3600 controller and 96 2x2 MIMO dual band BUT single radio APs (Aruba AP93) Both vendors are charging 82.000 US$ (support, 3y service contracts, switches and additional required options all included of course) The Aruba vendor is trying to convince me that 96 single radio APs will give us more connection/users/capacity then the 69 dual radio APs. I have my doubts about that and since it is my core competence-domain I wanted to ask here the opinion of people that have a more profound knowledge and experience in this area. When you talk to vendors it's often hard to get objective information. So try to answer only if you are sure and please mention it if you are affiliated with one of the vendors. I appreciate all useful help and want to thank you in advance for the effort!

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  • WPF: How can I KEEP the same ItemTemplate instance once its created ??

    - by Samir Sabri
    Hello, Here is a cinario: I have a ListView, with ItemsSource = ProjectModel.Instance.PagesModelsCollection; where PagesModelsCollection is an ObservableCollection In the ListView XAML part: <ListView.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate x:Name="PagesViewDataTemplate"> <DataTemplate.Resources> <Style x:Key="PageHostStyle" TargetType="{x:Type p:KPage}"> </Style> </DataTemplate.Resources> <StackPanel x:Name="MarginStack" Margin="50,50,50,50" > <p:KPage x:Name="PageHost" > </p:KPage> </StackPanel> </DataTemplate> </ListView.ItemTemplate> The problem is the ITemTemplate is re-created each time we refresh the Items. So, if we have 100 Item in the list view, another 100 new ItemTemplate instance will be created if we refresh the items! As a result, if we add UIElements on one of the ItemTemplate intances, those added UIElements will be lost, because the old ITemTemplate is replaced with a new one! How can I KEEP the ItemTemplate instance once its created ??

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  • How do I convert an AMD module from a singleton to an instance?

    - by Jamie Ide
    I'm trying to convert a working Durandal view model module from a singleton to an instance. The original working version followed this pattern: define(['knockout'], function(ko) { var vm = { activate: activate, companyId: null; company: ko.observable({}) }; return vm; function activate(companyId) { vm.companyId = companyId; //get company data then vm.company(data); } } The new version exports a function so that I get a new instance on every request... define(['knockout'], function(ko) { var vm = function() { activate = activate; companyId = null; company = ko.observable({}); }; return vm; function activate(companyId) { vm.companyId = companyId; //get company data then vm.company(data); } } The error I'm getting is "object function () [...function signature...] has no method company on the line vm.company(data);. What am I doing wrong? Why can I set the property but can't access the knockout observable? How should I refactor the original code so that I get a new instance on every request? My efforts to simplify the code for this question hid the actual problem. My real code was using Q promises and calling two methods with Q.All. Since Q is in the global namespace, it couldn't resolve my viewmodel after converting to a function. Passing the view model to the methods called by Q resolved the problem.

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  • Anyone knows an IMAP proxy, single client to multiple servers?

    - by Didier Trosset
    I am looking for an IMAP proxy that would allow me to use it as a single server from my mail reader. But behind the scenes, I'd like this proxy to act as a client to my 3 email accounts IMAP servers transparently. In the end, I want my mail client to show a single INBOX with all the mail from the 3 servers'INBOXES. +-- IMAP --> MailServer0 MailClient -- IMAP --> PROXY --+-- IMAP --> MailServer1 +-- IMAP --> MailServer2 Anyone knows about such a piece of software?

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  • Type classe, generic memoization

    - by nicolas
    Something quite odd is happening with y types and I quite dont understand if this is justified or not. I would tend to think not. This code works fine : type DictionarySingleton private () = static let mutable instance = Dictionary<string*obj, obj>() static member Instance = instance let memoize (f:'a -> 'b) = fun (x:'a) -> let key = f.ToString(), (x :> obj) if (DictionarySingleton.Instance).ContainsKey(key) then let r = (DictionarySingleton.Instance).[key] r :?> 'b else let res = f x (DictionarySingleton.Instance).[key] <- (res :> obj) res And this ones complains type DictionarySingleton private () = static let mutable instance = Dictionary<string*obj, _>() static member Instance = instance let memoize (f:'a -> 'b) = fun (x:'a) -> let key = f.ToString(), (x :> obj) if (DictionarySingleton.Instance).ContainsKey(key) then let r = (DictionarySingleton.Instance).[key] r :?> 'b else let res = f x (DictionarySingleton.Instance).[key] <- (res :> obj) res The difference is only the underscore in the dictionary definition. The infered types are the same, but the dynamic cast from r to type 'b exhibits an error. 'this runtime coercition ... runtime type tests are not allowed on some types, etc..' Am I missing something or is it a rough edge ?

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  • How to get the pid of a running process using a single command that parse the output of ps?

    - by Sorin Sbarnea
    I am looking for a single line that does return the pid of a running process. Currently I have: ps -A -o pid,cmd|grep xxx|head -n 1 And this returns the fist pid, command. I need only the first number from the output and ignore the rest. I suppose sed or awk would help here but my experience with them is limited. Also, this has another problem, it will return the pid of grep if the xxx is not running. It's really important to have a single line, as I want to reuse the output for doing something else, like killing that process.

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  • Finding (listing) all Youtube videos embedded under a single domain?

    - by Tylerr
    Is there a way (a google search, maybe?) to list/find all Youtube videos embedded under a single domain? There used to be (if memory servers) an option on youtube, to find all videos from a single site (they were referencing them as "blogs"), but was available for short period of time and it totally disappeared. I was experimenting with a couple google searches, but to no avail, like this one: site:theverge.com intext:"youtube.com/embed" Even if it worked, it wouldn't provide elegant "thumbnailed" results. Anyone has any ideas? Thanks

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  • Anyone knows an IMAP proxy, single client to multiple servers?

    - by dtrosset
    I am looking for an IMAP proxy that would allow me to use it as a single server from my mail reader. But behind the scenes, I'd like this proxy to act as a client to my 3 email accounts IMAP servers transparently. In the end, I want my mail client to show a single INBOX with all the mail from the 3 servers'INBOXES. +-- IMAP --> MailServer0 MailClient -- IMAP --> PROXY --+-- IMAP --> MailServer1 +-- IMAP --> MailServer2 Anyone knows about such a piece of software?

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  • How can I create an instance of a class that I can use is more than one place in c#

    - by user1743574
    So I've been working on a class that details students of a university. I have one button that sets the details to a new instance of a class, and another to check if the student passed, through a method in my Class. The problem is that I create an instance of a class in the first button to add the values from what the user input, but I cannot use the second button to access the instance of the class created in the first button. private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Student student1 = new Student(); label1.Text = student1.text(); if (student1.hasPassed() == true) { passfailtextbox.Text = "Pass"; } else { passfailtextbox.Text = "Fail"; } } private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Student student1 = new Student(); student1.FirstName = firstnamebox.Text; student1.SecondName = secondnamebox.Text; student1.DateofBirth = DateTime.Parse(dobtextbox.Text).Date; student1.Course = coursetextbox.Text; student1.MatriculationNumber = int.Parse(matriculationtextbox.Text); student1.YearMark = double.Parse(yearmarktextbox.Text); } public Boolean hasPassed() { if (YearMark < 40) { return false; } else { return true; } } public string text() { return "Student" + " " + firstname + " " + secondname + " " + course + " " + dob.ToString() + " " + matriculationnumber.ToString() + " " + yearmark.ToString() ; }

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  • How to get instance of Boxy from within its contents?

    - by Chaaosh
    Hi How can i access the Instance of Boxy within its contents. I have a Link that loads a form in Boxy. Its displaying the boxy popup and its working fine. Now i want to access the instance of the boxy from form submit function. How can i do this. I have the code below. $('a.boxy').boxy({ modal:true, show:true, title:'&nbsp;', closeable:true, center:true, });//boxy link is loading the form <form name="subscribe" > name <input type="text" name="name" value="' /> <br /> email <input type="text" name="email" value="' /><br /> <input type="submit" name="submit" value="subscribe" onclick="submitform()" /> </form> <script> function submitform() { // here i want to access the boxy instance // also here i want to refer it and close it } </script> Kind suggest

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  • How can I limit the amount of messages SendMail will recieve in a single incoming connection?

    - by Mike B
    Is there a way to limit how many messages can be received by SendMail in a given SMTP session? I have a SendMail server and an upstream application server is trying to send dozens (potentially hundreds) of messages to it in a single SMTP session (ehlo... mail from... rcpt to... data... rset... mail from... etc). This is causing resource strain on the box since the traffic isn't effectively load balanced. I'd like to implement a policy to have sendmail only allow up to X number of messages in a given SMTP session after which it will require the remote host to reconnect again. I noticed that there's a confCONNECTION_RATE_THROTTLE option but that seems to protect more against multiple connections occurring at once - not a single connection sending a bunch of emails.

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  • Windows Azure Evolution &ndash; Preview Developer Portal

    - by Shaun
    With the MEET Windows Azure event on 7th June, there are many new features and updates in windows azure platform. In the coming several posts I will try to cover some of them. And in the first post here I would like to just have a quick walkthrough of the new preview developer portal.   History of the Developer Portal If you have been working with windows azure since 2009 or 2010, you should remember the first version of the developer portal. It was built in HTML with very limited features. I have the impression when I was using is old one. The layout is not that attractive and you have very limited features. On November, 2010 alone with the SDK 1.3 release, the developer portal was getting a big jump. In order to give more usability and features this it turned to be built on Silverlight. Hence it runs like a desktop application with many windows, lists, commands and context menus. From 2010 till now many features were involved into this portal, such as the remote desktop, co-admin, virtual connect, VM role, etc.. And the portal itself became more and more complicated. But it brought some problems by using the Silverlight. The first one is the browser capability. As you know in most mobile and tablet device the browser doesn’t allow the rich content plugin, such as Flash and Silverlight. This means people cannot open and configure their azure services from their iPad, iPhone and Windows Phone, etc., even though what they need may just be restart a hosted service, or view the status of their databases. Another problem is the performance. Silverlight provides rich experience to the users, but also needs more bandwidth. So in this upgrade the preview developer portal will be back to use HTML, with JavaScript, as a mobile friendly, cross browser, interactively web site.   Preview Portal vs. Silverlight Portal Before I started to talk about the new preview portal I’d better highlight that, this preview portal is a PREVIEW version, which means even though you can do almost all features that already in the old one, as long as some cool new features I will mention in the coming several posts, there are something still under developed and migrated. So sometimes you need to switch back to the old one. For example, in preview portal there is no co-admin manage function, no remote desktop function and the SQL database manage function will take you back to the old SQL Azure Manage Portal. But as Microsoft said these missing features will be moved in the preview portal in the couple of next few months. Since the public URL of the developer portal, https://windows.azure.com/, had been changed to point to this preview one, you need to click to preview button on top of the page and click the “Take me to the previous portal” link.   Overview There are four parts in the preview portal. On the top is the header which shows the account you are currently logging in. If you click on the header it will show the top menu of windows azure, where you can navigate to the windows azure home page, the price information page, community and account, etc.. The navigation bar is on the left hand side, with the categories listed below. ALL ITEMS All items in your windows azure account, includes the web sites, services, databases, etc.. WEB SITES The web sites in your windows azure account. It will only show the web sites you have. The linked resources will be shown if you drill down into a web site. VIRTUAL MACHINES The virtual machines that you had been deployed to azure. CLOUD SERVICES All windows azure hosted services in your account. SQL DATABASES All SQL databases (SQL Azure) in your account. STORAGE All windows azure storage services in your account. NETWORKS The virtual network (Windows Azure Connect) you had been created. The available items will be listed in the main part of the page based on which category your currently selected. If there’s no item it will show the link to you to quick create. At the bottom of the page there will be the command and information bar. Based on what is selected and what is performed by the user, it will show the related information and commands. For example, in the image below when I was creating a new web site, the information bar told me that my web site is being provisioned; and there are two commands in the command bar. And once it ready the command bar will show some commands that I can do to my new web site. The “Web Sites” is a new feature introduced alone with this upgrade. It gives us an easier and quicker way to establish a website from the scratch or from some existing library. I will introduce it more details in the coming next post. Also in the command bar you can create a service by clicking the NEW button. It will slide the creation panel up to you.   Where’s My Hosted Services The Windows Azure Hosted Services had been renamed to the Cloud Services. Create a new service would be very easy. Just click the NEW button at the bottom of the page, and select the CLOUD SERVICE and QIUICK CREATE. This will create a blank hosted service without deployment and certificate. It just needs you to specify the service URL and the affinity/region. Then the service will be shown in the list. If you clicked the item all information will be shown in the main part. Since there’s no package deployed to this service so currently we cannot see any information about it. But we can upload the package by using the command at the bottom. And as you can see, we could manage the configuration, instances, certificates and we can scale up and down (change the VM size), in and out (increase and decrease the instance count) to our service. Assuming I had created an ASP.NET MVC 3 web role project in Visual Studio and completed the package. Then I can click the UPLOAD button in this page to deploy my package. In the popping up window I just specify my deployment name, package file and configure file. Also I can check the box below so that it will NOT warn me if only one instance of this deployment. Once we clicked the OK button our package will be uploaded and provisioned by the platform. After a while we can see the service was ready from the information bar. We can have the basic information about this service and deployment if we to the dashboard page. For example the usage overview diagram, status, URL, public IP address, etc.. In the configure page we can view and change the CSCFG content such as the monitor setting, connection strings, OS family. In scale page we can increase and decrease the count of the instances. And in the instances page we can view all instances status. And, if your services is using some SQL databases and storages they will be shown as the linked resources under the linked resources page. And you can manage the certificates of this service as well under the certificates page.   How About My Storage Services The storage service can be managed by clicking into the STORAGES link in the navigation bar. And we can create a new storage service from the NEW button. After specify the storage name and region it will be previsioned by the platform. If you want to copy or manage the storage key you can just click the Manage Keys button at the bottom, which is very easy. What I want to highlight here is that, you can monitor your storage service by enabling the monitor configuration. Click the storage item in the list and navigate to the configure page. As you can see in the page you can enable the monitoring for blob, table and queue. And you can also enable the logging when any requests come to the storage. But as the tooltip shown in the page, enabling the monitoring and logging will increase the usage of the storage, which means increase the bill of them. So make sure you enable them properly.   And My SQL Databases (SQL Azure) The last thing I want to quick introduce is the SQL databases, which was formally named SQL Azure. You can create a new SQL Database Server and a new database by clicking the ADD button under the SQL Database navigation item. In the popping up windows just specify the database name, the edition, size, collation and the server. You can select an existing SQL Database Server if you have, or cerate a new one. If you selected to create a new server, there will be another step you need to do, which is specify the server login, password and the region. Once it ready you can mange your databases as well as the servers in the portal. In a particular server you can update the firewall settings in its Configure page. So, What Else There are some other area on the preview portal I didn’t cover, such as the virtual machines, virtual network and web sites. Regarding the virtual machines and web sites I will talk about them in the future separated post. Regarding the virtual network, it the Windows Azure Connect we are familiar with. But as I mention in the beginning of this post, the preview portal is still under developed. Some features are not available here. For example, you cannot manage the co-admin of your subscriptions, you cannot open the remote desktop on your hosted services, and you cannot navigate to the Windows Azure Service Bus, Access Control and Caching, which formally named Windows Azure AppFabric directly. In these cases you need to navigate back to the old portal. So in the coming several months we might need to use both these two sites.   Summary In this post I quick introduced the new windows azure developer portal. Since it had been rearranged and renamed I demonstrated some features that existing in the old portal, such as how to create and deploy a hosted service, how to provision a storage service and SQL database. All features in the old portal had been, is being and will be migrated into this new portal, but some of them were in a different category and page we need to figure out.   Hope this helps, Shaun All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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  • DON'T MISS: Live Webcast - Nimble SmartStack for Oracle with Cisco UCS (Nov 12)

    - by Zeynep Koch
    You are invited to the live webcast with Nimble Storage, Oracle and Cisco where we will talk about the new SmartStack solution from Nimble Storage that features Oracle Linux, Oracle VM and Cisco UCS products. In this webinar, you will learn how Nimble Storage SmartStack with Oracle and Cisco provides a converged infrastructure for Oracle Database environments with Oracle Linux and Oracle VM. SmartStack, built on best-of-breed components, delivers the performance and reliability needed for deploying Oracle on a single symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) server or Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) on multiple nodes.  When : Tuesday, November 12, 2013, 11:00 AM Pacific Time Panelists: Michele Resta, Director of Linux and Virtualization Alliances, Oracle John McAbel, Senior Product Manager, Cisco Ibby Rahmani, Solutions Marketing, Nimble Storage SmartStack™solutions provide pre-validated reference architectures that speed deployments and minimize risk.      The pre-validated converged infrastructure is based on an Oracle Validated Configuration that includes Oracle Database and Oracle Linux with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel.     The solution components include a Nimble Storage CS-Series array, two Cisco UCS B200 M3 blade servers, Oracle Linux 6 Update 4 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel, and Oracle Database 11g Release 2 or Oracle Database 12c Release 1.     The Nimble Storage CS-Series is certified with Oracle VM 3.2 providing an even more flexible solution leveraging virtualization for functions such as test and development by delivering excellent random I/O performance in Oracle VM environments. Register today 

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  • Feature Updates to the Windows Azure Portal

    - by Clint Edmonson
    Lots of activity over at the Windows Azure portal this weekend, including some exciting new features and major improvements to existing features. Here are the highlights: Support for Managing Co-administrators Set up account co-administrators to allow others to share service management duties for each Azure subscription Import/Export support for SQL Databases Export existing SQL Azure databases to blob storage using SQL Server 2012’s BACPAC format. Create a new SQL Azure database from an existing BACPAC stored in blob storage Storage Container Management and Access Control Create blob storage containers directly within the portal Edit their public/private access settings Drill into storage containers and see the blobs contained within them Improved Cloud Service Status Notifications Detailed health status information about cloud services and roles as they transition between states Virtual Machine Experience Enhancements Option to automatically delete corresponding VHD files from blob storage when deleting VM disks Service Bus Management and Monitoring Ability to create and manage service bus Namespaces, Queues, Topics, Relays and Subscriptions Rich monitoring of Topics, Queues, and Subscriptions with detailed and customizable dashboard metrics Entity status (Topic, Queue, or Subscription) can be changed interactively via dashboard Direct links to the Access Control Services (ACS) namespaces when working with service bus access keys Media Services Monitoring Support Monitor encoding jobs that are queued for processing as well as active, failed and queued tasks for encoding jobs The above features are all now live in production and available to use immediately.  If you don’t already have a Windows Azure account, you can sign-up for a free trial and start using them today. Stay tuned to my twitter feed for Windows Azure announcements, updates, and links: @clinted Reference ID: P7VVJCM38V8R

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  • Automatic Standby Recreation for Data Guard

    - by pablo.boixeda(at)oracle.com
    Hi,Unfortunately sometimes a Standby Instance needs to be recreated. This can happen for many reasons such as lost archive logs, standby data files, failover, among others.This is why we wanted to have one script to recreate standby instances in an easy way.This script recreates the standby considering some prereqs:-Database Version should be at least 11gR1-Dummy instance started on the standby node (Seeking to improve this so it won't be needed)-Broker configuration hasn't been removed-In our case we have two TNSNAMES files, one for the Standby creation (using SID) and the other one for production using service names (including broker service name)-Some environment variables set up by the environment db script (like ORACLE_HOME, PATH...)-The directory tree should not have been modified in the stanby hostWe are currently using it on our 11gR2 Data Guard tests.Any improvements will be welcome! Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} #!/bin/ksh ###    NOMBRE / VERSION ###       recrea_dg.sh   v.1.00 ### ###    DESCRIPCION ###       reacreacion de la Standby ### ###    DEVUELVE ###       0 Creacion de STANDBY correcta ###       1 Fallo ### ###    NOTAS ###       Este shell script NO DEBE MODIFICARSE. ###       Todas las variables y constantes necesarias se toman del entorno. ### ###    MODIFICADO POR:    FECHA:        COMENTARIOS: ###    ---------------    ----------    ------------------------------------- ###      Oracle           15/02/2011    Creacion. ### ### ### Cargar entorno ### V_ADMIN_DIR=`dirname $0` . ${V_ADMIN_DIR}/entorno_bd.sh 1>>/dev/null if [ $? -ne 0 ] then   echo "Error Loading the environment."   exit 1 fi V_RET=0 V_DATE=`/bin/date` V_DATE_F=`/bin/date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S` V_LOGFILE=${V_TRAZAS}/recrea_dg_${V_DATE_F}.log exec 4>&1 tee ${V_FICH_LOG} >&4 |& exec 1>&p 2>&1 ### ### Variables para Recrear el Data Guard ### V_DB_BR=`echo ${V_DB_NAME}|tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]'` if [ "${ORACLE_SID}" = "${V_DB_NAME}01" ] then         V_LOCAL_BR=${V_DB_BR}'01'         V_REMOTE_BR=${V_DB_BR}'02' else         V_LOCAL_BR=${V_DB_BR}'02'         V_REMOTE_BR=${V_DB_BR}'01' fi echo " Getting local instance ROLE ${ORACLE_SID} ..." sqlplus -s /nolog 1>>/dev/null 2>&1 <<-! whenever sqlerror exit 1 connect / as sysdba variable salida number declare   v_database_role v\$database.database_role%type; begin   select database_role into v_database_role from v\$database;   :salida := case v_database_role        when 'PRIMARY' then 2        when 'PHYSICAL STANDBY' then 3        else 4      end; end; / exit :salida ! case $? in 1) echo " ERROR: Cannot get instance ROLE ." | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1    V_RET=1 ;; 2) echo " Local Instance with PRIMARY role." | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1    V_DB_ROLE_LCL=PRIMARY ;; 3) echo " Local Instance with PHYSICAL STANDBY role." | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1    V_DB_ROLE_LCL=STANDBY ;; *) echo " ERROR: UNKNOWN ROLE." | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1    V_RET=1 ;; esac if [ "${V_DB_ROLE_LCL}" = "PRIMARY" ] then         echo "####################################################################" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1         echo "${V_DATE} - Reacreating  STANDBY Instance." | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1         echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1         echo "DATAFILES, CONTROL FILES, REDO LOGS and ARCHIVE LOGS in standby instance ${V_REMOTE_BR} will be removed" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1         echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1         V_PRIMARY=${V_LOCAL_BR}         V_STANDBY=${V_REMOTE_BR} fi if [ "${V_DB_ROLE_LCL}" = "STANDBY" ] then         echo "####################################################################" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1         echo "${V_DATE} - Reacreating  STANDBY Instance." | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1         echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1         echo "DATAFILES, CONTROL FILES, REDO LOGS and ARCHIVE LOGS in standby instance ${V_LOCAL_BR} will be removed" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1         echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1         V_PRIMARY=${V_REMOTE_BR}         V_STANDBY=${V_LOCAL_BR} fi # Cargamos las variables de los hosts # Cargamos las variables de los hosts PRY_HOST=`sqlplus  /nolog << EOF | grep KEEP | sed 's/KEEP//;s/[   ]//g' connect sys/${V_DB_PWD}@${V_PRIMARY} as sysdba select 'KEEP',host_name from v\\$instance; EOF` SBY_HOST=`sqlplus  /nolog << EOF | grep KEEP | sed 's/KEEP//;s/[   ]//g' connect sys/${V_DB_PWD}@${V_STANDBY} as sysdba select 'KEEP',host_name from v\\$instance; EOF` echo "el HOST primary es: ${PRY_HOST}" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "el HOST standby es: ${SBY_HOST}" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 ## ## Paramos la instancia STANDBY ## V_DATE=`/bin/date` echo "${V_DATE} - Shutting down Standby instance" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "********************************************************************************" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 ## ## Paramos la instancia STANDBY ## SBY_STATUS=`sqlplus  /nolog << EOF | grep KEEP | sed 's/KEEP//;s/[   ]//g' connect sys/${V_DB_PWD}@${V_STANDBY} as sysdba select 'KEEP',status from v\\$instance; EOF` if [ ${SBY_STATUS} = 'STARTED' ] || [ ${SBY_STATUS} = 'MOUNTED' ] || [ ${SBY_STATUS} = 'OPEN' ] then         echo "${V_DATE} - Standby instance shutdown in progress..." | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1         echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1         echo "********************************************************************************" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1         sqlplus -s /nolog 1>>/dev/null 2>&1 <<-!         whenever sqlerror exit 1         connect sys/${V_DB_PWD}@${V_STANDBY} as sysdba         shutdown abort         ! fi V_DATE=`/bin/date` echo "" echo "${V_DATE} - Standby instance stopped" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "********************************************************************************" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 ## ## Eliminamos los ficheros de la base de datos ## V_SBY_SID=`echo ${V_STANDBY}|tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]'` V_PRY_SID=`echo ${V_PRIMARY}|tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]'` ssh ${SBY_HOST} rm /opt/oracle/db/db${V_DB_NAME}/${V_SBY_SID}/data/*.dbf ssh ${SBY_HOST} rm /opt/oracle/db/db${V_DB_NAME}/${V_SBY_SID}/arch/*.arc ssh ${SBY_HOST} rm /opt/oracle/db/db${V_DB_NAME}/${V_SBY_SID}/ctl/*.ctl ssh ${SBY_HOST} rm /opt/oracle/db/db${V_DB_NAME}/${V_SBY_SID}/redo/*.ctl ssh ${SBY_HOST} rm /opt/oracle/db/db${V_DB_NAME}/${V_SBY_SID}/redo/*.rdo ## ## Startup nomount stby instance ## V_DATE=`/bin/date` echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "${V_DATE} - Starting  DUMMY Standby Instance " | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "********************************************************************************" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 ssh ${SBY_HOST} touch /home/oracle/init_dg.ora ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'echo "DB_NAME='${V_DB_NAME}'">>/home/oracle/init_dg.ora' ssh ${SBY_HOST} touch /home/oracle/start_dummy.sh ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'echo "ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/db/db'${V_DB_NAME}'/soft/db11.2.0.2 ">>/home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'echo "export ORACLE_HOME">>/home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'echo "PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH">>/home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'echo "export PATH">>/home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'echo "ORACLE_SID='${V_SBY_SID}'">>/home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'echo "export ORACLE_SID">>/home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'echo "sqlplus -s /nolog <<-!" >>/home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'echo "      whenever sqlerror exit 1 ">>/home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'echo "      connect / as sysdba ">>/home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'echo "      startup nomount pfile='\''/home/oracle/init_dg.ora'\''">>/home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'echo "! ">>/home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'chmod 744 /home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'sh /home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'rm /home/oracle/start_dummy.sh' ssh ${SBY_HOST} 'rm /home/oracle/init_dg.ora' ## ## TNSNAMES change, specific for RMAN duplicate ## V_DATE=`/bin/date` echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "${V_DATE} - Setting up TNSNAMES in PRIMARY host " | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "********************************************************************************" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 ssh ${PRY_HOST} 'cp /opt/oracle/db/db'${V_DB_NAME}'/soft/db11.2.0.2/network/admin/tnsnames.ora.inst  /opt/oracle/db/db'${V_DB_NAME}'/soft/db11.2.0.2/network/admin/tnsnames.ora' V_DATE=`/bin/date` echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "${V_DATE} - Starting STANDBY creation with RMAN.. " | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "********************************************************************************" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 rman<<-! >>${V_LOGFILE} connect target sys/${V_DB_PWD}@${V_PRIMARY} connect auxiliary sys/${V_DB_PWD}@${V_STANDBY} run { allocate channel prmy1 type disk; allocate channel prmy2 type disk; allocate channel prmy3 type disk; allocate channel prmy4 type disk; allocate auxiliary channel stby type disk; duplicate target database for standby from active database dorecover spfile parameter_value_convert '${V_PRY_SID}','${V_SBY_SID}' set control_files='/opt/oracle/db/db${V_DB_NAME}/${V_SBY_SID}/ctl/control01.ctl','/opt/oracle/db/db${V_DB_NAME}/${V_SBY_SID}/redo/control02.ctl' set db_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/db/db${V_DB_NAME}/${V_PRY_SID}/','/opt/oracle/db/db${V_DB_NAME}/${V_SBY_SID}/' set log_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/db/db${V_DB_NAME}/${V_PRY_SID}/','/opt/oracle/db/db${V_DB_NAME}/${V_SBY_SID}/' set 'db_unique_name'='${V_SBY_SID}' set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(${V_PRIMARY},${V_STANDBY})' set fal_client='${V_STANDBY}' set fal_server='${V_PRIMARY}' set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/db/db${V_DB_NAME}/${V_SBY_SID}/arch DB_UNIQUE_NAME=${V_SBY_SID} MANDATORY VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)' set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE="${V_PRIMARY}"','SYNC AFFIRM DB_UNIQUE_NAME=${V_PRY_SID} DELAY=0 MAX_FAILURE=0 REOPEN=300 REGISTER VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)' nofilenamecheck ; } ! V_DATE=`/bin/date` if [ $? -ne 0 ] then         echo ""         echo "${V_DATE} - Error creating STANDBY instance"         echo ""         echo "********************************************************************************" else         echo ""         echo "${V_DATE} - STANDBY instance created SUCCESSFULLY "         echo ""         echo "********************************************************************************" fi sqlplus -s /nolog 1>>/dev/null 2>&1 <<-!         whenever sqlerror exit 1         connect sys/${V_DB_PWD}@${V_STANDBY} as sysdba         alter system set local_listener='(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=${SBY_HOST})(PORT=1544))' scope=both;         alter system set service_names='${V_DB_NAME}.eu.roca.net,${V_SBY_SID}.eu.roca.net,${V_SBY_SID}_DGMGRL.eu.roca.net' scope=both;         alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;         alter system set dg_broker_start=true scope=both; ! ## ## TNSNAMES change, back to Production Mode ## V_DATE=`/bin/date` echo " " | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "${V_DATE} - Restoring TNSNAMES in PRIMARY "  | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo ""  | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "********************************************************************************"  | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 ssh ${PRY_HOST} 'cp /opt/oracle/db/db'${V_DB_NAME}'/soft/db11.2.0.2/network/admin/tnsnames.ora.prod  /opt/oracle/db/db'${V_DB_NAME}'/soft/db11.2.0.2/network/admin/tnsnames.ora' echo ""  | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "${V_DATE} -  Waiting for media recovery before check the DATA GUARD Broker"  | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo ""  | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 echo "********************************************************************************"  | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 sleep 200 dgmgrl <<-! | grep SUCCESS 1>/dev/null 2>&1     connect ${V_DB_USR}/${V_DB_PWD}@${V_STANDBY}     show configuration verbose; ! if [ $? -ne 0 ] ; then         echo "       ERROR: El status del Broker no es SUCCESS" | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 ;         V_RET=1 else          echo "      DATA GUARD OK " | tee -a ${V_LOGFILE}   2>&1 ; Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}         V_RET=0 fi Hope it helps.

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  • Can't install graphic drivers in 12.04

    - by yinon
    The driver is ATI/AMD proprietary FGLRX graphics driver. After clicking Activate, it asks for my password and starts downloading. Then it shows an error message: 2012-10-03 16:16:04,227 DEBUG: updating <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> 2012-10-03 16:16:06,172 DEBUG: reading modalias file /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/modules.alias 2012-10-03 16:16:06,383 DEBUG: reading modalias file /usr/share/jockey/modaliases/b43 2012-10-03 16:16:06,386 DEBUG: reading modalias file /usr/share/jockey/modaliases/disable-upstream-nvidia 2012-10-03 16:16:06,456 DEBUG: loading custom handler /usr/share/jockey/handlers/pvr-omap4.py 2012-10-03 16:16:06,506 WARNING: modinfo for module omapdrm_pvr failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module omapdrm_pvr 2012-10-03 16:16:06,509 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.PVROmap4Driver from name PVROmap4Driver 2012-10-03 16:16:06,682 DEBUG: PowerVR SGX proprietary graphics driver for OMAP 4 not available 2012-10-03 16:16:06,682 DEBUG: loading custom handler /usr/share/jockey/handlers/cdv.py 2012-10-03 16:16:06,727 WARNING: modinfo for module cedarview_gfx failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module cedarview_gfx 2012-10-03 16:16:06,728 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.CdvDriver from name CdvDriver 2012-10-03 16:16:06,728 DEBUG: cdv.available: falling back to default 2012-10-03 16:16:06,772 DEBUG: Intel Cedarview graphics driver availability undetermined, adding to pool 2012-10-03 16:16:06,772 DEBUG: loading custom handler /usr/share/jockey/handlers/vmware-client.py 2012-10-03 16:16:06,781 WARNING: modinfo for module vmxnet failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module vmxnet 2012-10-03 16:16:06,781 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.VmwareClientHandler from name VmwareClientHandler 2012-10-03 16:16:06,795 DEBUG: VMWare Client Tools availability undetermined, adding to pool 2012-10-03 16:16:06,796 DEBUG: loading custom handler /usr/share/jockey/handlers/fglrx.py 2012-10-03 16:16:06,801 WARNING: modinfo for module fglrx_updates failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module fglrx_updates 2012-10-03 16:16:06,805 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.FglrxDriverUpdate from name FglrxDriverUpdate 2012-10-03 16:16:06,805 DEBUG: fglrx.available: falling back to default 2012-10-03 16:16:06,833 DEBUG: ATI/AMD proprietary FGLRX graphics driver (post-release updates) availability undetermined, adding to pool 2012-10-03 16:16:06,836 WARNING: modinfo for module fglrx failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module fglrx 2012-10-03 16:16:06,840 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.FglrxDriver from name FglrxDriver 2012-10-03 16:16:06,840 DEBUG: fglrx.available: falling back to default 2012-10-03 16:16:06,873 DEBUG: ATI/AMD proprietary FGLRX graphics driver availability undetermined, adding to pool 2012-10-03 16:16:06,873 DEBUG: loading custom handler /usr/share/jockey/handlers/dvb_usb_firmware.py 2012-10-03 16:16:06,925 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.DvbUsbFirmwareHandler from name DvbUsbFirmwareHandler 2012-10-03 16:16:06,926 DEBUG: Firmware for DVB cards not available 2012-10-03 16:16:06,926 DEBUG: loading custom handler /usr/share/jockey/handlers/nvidia.py 2012-10-03 16:16:06,961 WARNING: modinfo for module nvidia_96 failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module nvidia_96 2012-10-03 16:16:06,967 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.NvidiaDriver96 from name NvidiaDriver96 2012-10-03 16:16:06,968 DEBUG: nvidia.available: falling back to default 2012-10-03 16:16:06,980 DEBUG: XorgDriverHandler(nvidia_96, nvidia-96, None): Disabling as package video ABI xorg-video-abi-10 does not match X.org video ABI xorg-video-abi-11 2012-10-03 16:16:06,980 DEBUG: NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver not available 2012-10-03 16:16:06,983 WARNING: modinfo for module nvidia_current failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module nvidia_current 2012-10-03 16:16:06,987 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.NvidiaDriverCurrent from name NvidiaDriverCurrent 2012-10-03 16:16:06,987 DEBUG: nvidia.available: falling back to default 2012-10-03 16:16:07,015 DEBUG: NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver availability undetermined, adding to pool 2012-10-03 16:16:07,018 WARNING: modinfo for module nvidia_current_updates failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module nvidia_current_updates 2012-10-03 16:16:07,021 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.NvidiaDriverCurrentUpdates from name NvidiaDriverCurrentUpdates 2012-10-03 16:16:07,022 DEBUG: nvidia.available: falling back to default 2012-10-03 16:16:07,066 DEBUG: NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (post-release updates) availability undetermined, adding to pool 2012-10-03 16:16:07,069 WARNING: modinfo for module nvidia_173_updates failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module nvidia_173_updates 2012-10-03 16:16:07,072 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.NvidiaDriver173Updates from name NvidiaDriver173Updates 2012-10-03 16:16:07,073 DEBUG: nvidia.available: falling back to default 2012-10-03 16:16:07,105 DEBUG: NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (post-release updates) availability undetermined, adding to pool 2012-10-03 16:16:07,112 WARNING: modinfo for module nvidia_173 failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module nvidia_173 2012-10-03 16:16:07,118 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.NvidiaDriver173 from name NvidiaDriver173 2012-10-03 16:16:07,119 DEBUG: nvidia.available: falling back to default 2012-10-03 16:16:07,159 DEBUG: NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver availability undetermined, adding to pool 2012-10-03 16:16:07,166 WARNING: modinfo for module nvidia_96_updates failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module nvidia_96_updates 2012-10-03 16:16:07,171 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.NvidiaDriver96Updates from name NvidiaDriver96Updates 2012-10-03 16:16:07,171 DEBUG: nvidia.available: falling back to default 2012-10-03 16:16:07,188 DEBUG: XorgDriverHandler(nvidia_96_updates, nvidia-96-updates, None): Disabling as package video ABI xorg-video-abi-10 does not match X.org video ABI xorg-video-abi-11 2012-10-03 16:16:07,188 DEBUG: NVIDIA accelerated graphics driver (post-release updates) not available 2012-10-03 16:16:07,188 DEBUG: loading custom handler /usr/share/jockey/handlers/madwifi.py 2012-10-03 16:16:07,195 WARNING: modinfo for module ath_pci failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module ath_pci 2012-10-03 16:16:07,195 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.MadwifiHandler from name MadwifiHandler 2012-10-03 16:16:07,196 DEBUG: Alternate Atheros "madwifi" driver availability undetermined, adding to pool 2012-10-03 16:16:07,196 DEBUG: loading custom handler /usr/share/jockey/handlers/sl_modem.py 2012-10-03 16:16:07,213 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.SlModem from name SlModem 2012-10-03 16:16:07,234 DEBUG: Software modem not available 2012-10-03 16:16:07,234 DEBUG: loading custom handler /usr/share/jockey/handlers/broadcom_wl.py 2012-10-03 16:16:07,239 WARNING: modinfo for module wl failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module wl 2012-10-03 16:16:07,277 DEBUG: Instantiated Handler subclass __builtin__.BroadcomWLHandler from name BroadcomWLHandler 2012-10-03 16:16:07,277 DEBUG: Broadcom STA wireless driver availability undetermined, adding to pool 2012-10-03 16:16:07,278 DEBUG: all custom handlers loaded 2012-10-03 16:16:07,278 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'pci:v00008086d000027D8sv00001043sd000082EAbc04sc03i00') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,568 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'snd_hda_intel'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,699 DEBUG: no corresponding handler available for {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'snd_hda_intel', 'jockey_handler': 'KernelModuleHandler'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,699 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'snd_hda_intel'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,699 DEBUG: no corresponding handler available for {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'snd_hda_intel', 'jockey_handler': 'KernelModuleHandler'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,699 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'input:b0000v0000p0000e0000-e0,5,kramlsfw6,') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,704 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'evbug'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,704 DEBUG: no corresponding handler available for {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'evbug', 'jockey_handler': 'KernelModuleHandler'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,704 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'pci:v00008086d000027DAsv00001043sd00008179bc0Csc05i00') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,707 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'i2c_i801'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,707 DEBUG: no corresponding handler available for {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'i2c_i801', 'jockey_handler': 'KernelModuleHandler'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,707 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'acpi:PNP0C01:') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,707 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'acpi:PNP0B00:') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,707 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'pci:v00001969d00001026sv00001043sd00008304bc02sc00i00') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,710 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'atl1e'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,710 DEBUG: no corresponding handler available for {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'atl1e', 'jockey_handler': 'KernelModuleHandler'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,710 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'input:b0003v04F2p0816e0111-e0,1,4,11,14,k71,72,73,74,75,77,79,7A,7B,7C,7D,7E,7F,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,8A,8C,8E,96,98,9E,9F,A1,A3,A4,A5,A6,AD,B0,B1,B2,B3,B4,B7,B8,B9,BA,BB,BC,BD,BE,BF,C0,C1,C2,F0,ram4,l0,1,2,sfw') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,711 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'evbug'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,711 DEBUG: no corresponding handler available for {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'evbug', 'jockey_handler': 'KernelModuleHandler'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,711 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'mac_hid'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,711 DEBUG: no corresponding handler available for {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'mac_hid', 'jockey_handler': 'KernelModuleHandler'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,711 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'platform:pcspkr') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,711 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'pcspkr'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,711 DEBUG: no corresponding handler available for {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'pcspkr', 'jockey_handler': 'KernelModuleHandler'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,712 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'snd_pcsp'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,712 DEBUG: no corresponding handler available for {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'snd_pcsp', 'jockey_handler': 'KernelModuleHandler'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,712 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'usb:v1D6Bp0001d0302dc09dsc00dp00ic09isc00ip00') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,724 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'input:b0019v0000p0001e0000-e0,1,k74,ramlsfw') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,724 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'evbug'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,724 DEBUG: no corresponding handler available for {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'evbug', 'jockey_handler': 'KernelModuleHandler'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,724 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'mac_hid'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,724 DEBUG: no corresponding handler available for {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'mac_hid', 'jockey_handler': 'KernelModuleHandler'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,724 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'acpi:PNP0C04:') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,724 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'platform:eisa') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,725 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'pci:v00008086d000027CCsv00001043sd00008179bc0Csc03i20') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,728 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'platform:Fixed MDIO bus') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,728 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'pci:v00008086d000029C0sv00001043sd000082B0bc06sc00i00') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,731 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'usb:v045Ep0766d0101dcEFdsc02dp01ic01isc01ip00') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,777 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'snd_usb_audio'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,777 DEBUG: no corresponding handler available for {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'snd_usb_audio', 'jockey_handler': 'KernelModuleHandler'} 2012-10-03 16:16:07,777 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'acpi:PNP0F03:PNP0F13:') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,777 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'acpi:PNP0000:') 2012-10-03 16:16:07,777 DEBUG: querying driver db <jockey.detection.LocalKernelModulesDriverDB instance at 0xb7231a0c> about HardwareID('modalias', 'pci:v00001002d000095C5sv0000174Bsd0000E400bc03sc00i00') 2012-10-03 16:16:08,072 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'fglrx_updates', 'package': 'fglrx-updates'} 2012-10-03 16:16:08,133 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx_updates): target_alt None current_alt /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa/ld.so.conf other target alt None other current alt None 2012-10-03 16:16:08,134 DEBUG: fglrx_updates is not the alternative in use 2012-10-03 16:16:08,072 DEBUG: found match in handler pool xorg:fglrx_updates([FglrxDriverUpdate, nonfree, disabled] ATI/AMD proprietary FGLRX graphics driver (post-release updates)) 2012-10-03 16:16:08,136 WARNING: modinfo for module fglrx_updates failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module fglrx_updates 2012-10-03 16:16:08,147 DEBUG: fglrx.available: falling back to default 2012-10-03 16:16:08,173 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx_updates): target_alt None current_alt /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa/ld.so.conf other target alt None other current alt None 2012-10-03 16:16:08,173 DEBUG: fglrx_updates is not the alternative in use 2012-10-03 16:16:08,162 DEBUG: got handler xorg:fglrx_updates([FglrxDriverUpdate, nonfree, disabled] ATI/AMD proprietary FGLRX graphics driver (post-release updates)) 2012-10-03 16:16:08,173 DEBUG: searching handler for driver ID {'driver_type': 'kernel_module', 'kernel_module': 'fglrx', 'package': 'fglrx'} 2012-10-03 16:16:08,184 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx): target_alt None current_alt /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa/ld.so.conf other target alt None other current alt None 2012-10-03 16:16:08,184 DEBUG: fglrx is not the alternative in use 2012-10-03 16:16:08,173 DEBUG: found match in handler pool xorg:fglrx([FglrxDriver, nonfree, disabled] ATI/AMD proprietary FGLRX graphics driver) 2012-10-03 16:16:08,187 WARNING: modinfo for module fglrx failed: ERROR: modinfo: could not find module fglrx 2012-10-03 16:16:08,190 DEBUG: fglrx.available: falling back to default 2012-10-03 16:16:08,216 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx): target_alt None current_alt /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa/ld.so.conf other target alt None other current alt None . . . 2012-10-03 16:18:10,552 DEBUG: install progress initramfs-tools 62.500000 2012-10-03 16:18:22,249 DEBUG: install progress libc-bin 62.500000 2012-10-03 16:18:23,251 DEBUG: Selecting previously unselected package dkms. (Reading database ... 142496 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking dkms (from .../dkms_2.2.0.3-1ubuntu3_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package fakeroot. Unpacking fakeroot (from .../fakeroot_1.18.2-1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package fglrx-updates. Unpacking fglrx-updates (from .../fglrx-updates_2%3a8.960-0ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package fglrx-amdcccle-updates. Unpacking fglrx-amdcccle-updates (from .../fglrx-amdcccle-updates_2%3a8.960-0ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Processing triggers for ureadahead ... ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot dpkg: error processing libxss1 (--configure): package libxss1 is already installed and configured dpkg: error processing chromium-codecs-ffmpeg (--configure): package chromium-codecs-ffmpeg is already installed and configured dpkg: error processing chromium-browser (--configure): package chromium-browser is already installed and configured dpkg: error processing chromium-browser-l10n (--configure): package chromium-browser-l10n is already installed and configured Setting up dkms (2.2.0.3-1ubuntu3) ... No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Setting up fakeroot (1.18.2-1) ... update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/fakeroot-sysv to provide /usr/bin/fakeroot (fakeroot) in auto mode. Setting up fglrx-updates (2:8.960-0ubuntu1.1) ... update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/i386-linux-gnu_GL.conf (i386-linux-gnu_gl_conf) in auto mode. update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /etc/OpenCL/vendors/amdocl64.icd because associated file /usr/lib/fglrx/etc/OpenCL/vendors/amdocl64.icd (of link group i386-linux-gnu_gl_conf) doesn't exist. update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/lib32/libaticalcl.so because associated file /usr/lib32/fglrx/libaticalcl.so (of link group i386-linux-gnu_gl_conf) doesn't exist. update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/lib32/libaticalrt.so because associated file /usr/lib32/fglrx/libaticalrt.so (of link group i386-linux-gnu_gl_conf) doesn't exist. update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu_GL.conf (x86_64-linux-gnu_gl_conf) in auto mode. update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Loading new fglrx-updates-8.960 DKMS files... First Installation: checking all kernels... Building only for 3.2.0-29-generic-pae Building for architecture i686 Building initial module for 3.2.0-29-generic-pae Done. fglrx_updates: Running module version sanity check. - Original module - No original module exists within this kernel - Installation - Installing to /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/updates/dkms/ depmod...... DKMS: install completed. update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ... Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf.index... Setting up fglrx-amdcccle-updates (2:8.960-0ubuntu1.1) ... Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-29-generic-pae Processing triggers for libc-bin ... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place Errors were encountered while processing: libxss1 chromium-codecs-ffmpeg chromium-browser chromium-browser-l10n Error in function: SystemError: E:Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) 2012-10-03 16:18:23,256 ERROR: Package failed to install: Selecting previously unselected package dkms. (Reading database ... 142496 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking dkms (from .../dkms_2.2.0.3-1ubuntu3_all.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package fakeroot. Unpacking fakeroot (from .../fakeroot_1.18.2-1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package fglrx-updates. Unpacking fglrx-updates (from .../fglrx-updates_2%3a8.960-0ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously unselected package fglrx-amdcccle-updates. Unpacking fglrx-amdcccle-updates (from .../fglrx-amdcccle-updates_2%3a8.960-0ubuntu1.1_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Processing triggers for ureadahead ... ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot dpkg: error processing libxss1 (--configure): package libxss1 is already installed and configured dpkg: error processing chromium-codecs-ffmpeg (--configure): package chromium-codecs-ffmpeg is already installed and configured dpkg: error processing chromium-browser (--configure): package chromium-browser is already installed and configured dpkg: error processing chromium-browser-l10n (--configure): package chromium-browser-l10n is already installed and configured Setting up dkms (2.2.0.3-1ubuntu3) ... No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Setting up fakeroot (1.18.2-1) ... update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/fakeroot-sysv to provide /usr/bin/fakeroot (fakeroot) in auto mode. Setting up fglrx-updates (2:8.960-0ubuntu1.1) ... update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/i386-linux-gnu_GL.conf (i386-linux-gnu_gl_conf) in auto mode. update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /etc/OpenCL/vendors/amdocl64.icd because associated file /usr/lib/fglrx/etc/OpenCL/vendors/amdocl64.icd (of link group i386-linux-gnu_gl_conf) doesn't exist. update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/lib32/libaticalcl.so because associated file /usr/lib32/fglrx/libaticalcl.so (of link group i386-linux-gnu_gl_conf) doesn't exist. update-alternatives: warning: skip creation of /usr/lib32/libaticalrt.so because associated file /usr/lib32/fglrx/libaticalrt.so (of link group i386-linux-gnu_gl_conf) doesn't exist. update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf to provide /etc/ld.so.conf.d/x86_64-linux-gnu_GL.conf (x86_64-linux-gnu_gl_conf) in auto mode. update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Loading new fglrx-updates-8.960 DKMS files... First Installation: checking all kernels... Building only for 3.2.0-29-generic-pae Building for architecture i686 Building initial module for 3.2.0-29-generic-pae Done. fglrx_updates: Running module version sanity check. - Original module - No original module exists within this kernel - Installation - Installing to /lib/modules/3.2.0-29-generic-pae/updates/dkms/ depmod...... DKMS: install completed. update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated) Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ... Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf.index... Setting up fglrx-amdcccle-updates (2:8.960-0ubuntu1.1) ... Processing triggers for initramfs-tools ... update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-29-generic-pae Processing triggers for libc-bin ... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place Errors were encountered while processing: libxss1 chromium-codecs-ffmpeg chromium-browser chromium-browser-l10n Error in function: SystemError: E:Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) 2012-10-03 16:18:23,590 WARNING: /sys/module/fglrx_updates/drivers does not exist, cannot rebind fglrx_updates driver 2012-10-03 16:18:43,601 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx_updates): target_alt None current_alt /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf other target alt None other current alt /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf 2012-10-03 16:18:43,601 DEBUG: fglrx_updates is not the alternative in use 2012-10-03 16:18:43,617 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx_updates): target_alt None current_alt /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf other target alt None other current alt /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf 2012-10-03 16:18:43,617 DEBUG: fglrx_updates is not the alternative in use 2012-10-03 16:18:54,143 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx_updates): target_alt None current_alt /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf other target alt None other current alt /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf 2012-10-03 16:18:54,144 DEBUG: fglrx_updates is not the alternative in use 2012-10-03 16:18:54,154 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx_updates): target_alt None current_alt /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf other target alt None other current alt /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf 2012-10-03 16:18:54,154 DEBUG: fglrx_updates is not the alternative in use 2012-10-03 16:18:54,182 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx): target_alt /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf current_alt /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf other target alt /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf other current alt /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf 2012-10-03 16:18:54,182 DEBUG: XorgDriverHandler(%s, %s).enabled(): No X.org driver set, not checking 2012-10-03 16:18:54,215 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx_updates): target_alt None current_alt /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf other target alt None other current alt /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf 2012-10-03 16:18:54,215 DEBUG: fglrx_updates is not the alternative in use 2012-10-03 16:18:54,229 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx_updates): target_alt None current_alt /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf other target alt None other current alt /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf 2012-10-03 16:18:54,229 DEBUG: fglrx_updates is not the alternative in use 2012-10-03 16:18:54,268 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx_updates): target_alt None current_alt /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf other target alt None other current alt /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf 2012-10-03 16:18:54,268 DEBUG: fglrx_updates is not the alternative in use 2012-10-03 16:18:54,279 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx_updates): target_alt None current_alt /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf other target alt None other current alt /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf 2012-10-03 16:18:54,279 DEBUG: fglrx_updates is not the alternative in use 2012-10-03 16:18:54,298 DEBUG: fglrx.enabled(fglrx): target_alt /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf current_alt /usr/lib/fglrx/ld.so.conf other target alt /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf other current alt /usr/lib/fglrx/alt_ld.so.conf 2012-10-03 16:18:54,298 DEBUG: XorgDriverHandler(%s, %s).enabled(): No X.org driver set, not checking 2012-10-03 16:18:57,828 DEBUG: Shutting down I don't know how to troubleshoot from looking at the log file, could somebody assist me with this please? You can download the log file at: https://www.dropbox.com/s/a59d2hyabo02q5z/jockey.log

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  • Dynamically loading Assemblies to reduce Runtime Depencies

    - by Rick Strahl
    I've been working on a request to the West Wind Application Configuration library to add JSON support. The config library is a very easy to use code-first approach to configuration: You create a class that holds the configuration data that inherits from a base configuration class, and then assign a persistence provider at runtime that determines where and how the configuration data is store. Currently the library supports .NET Configuration stores (web.config/app.config), XML files, SQL records and string storage.About once a week somebody asks me about JSON support and I've deflected this question for the longest time because frankly I think that JSON as a configuration store doesn't really buy a heck of a lot over XML. Both formats require the user to perform some fixup of the plain configuration data - in XML into XML tags, with JSON using JSON delimiters for properties and property formatting rules. Sure JSON is a little less verbose and maybe a little easier to read if you have hierarchical data, but overall the differences are pretty minor in my opinion. And yet - the requests keep rolling in.Hard Link Issues in a Component LibraryAnother reason I've been hesitant is that I really didn't want to pull in a dependency on an external JSON library - in this case JSON.NET - into the core library. If you're not using JSON.NET elsewhere I don't want a user to have to require a hard dependency on JSON.NET unless they want to use the JSON feature. JSON.NET is also sensitive to versions and doesn't play nice with multiple versions when hard linked. For example, when you have a reference to V4.4 in your project but the host application has a reference to version 4.5 you can run into assembly load problems. NuGet's Update-Package can solve some of this *if* you can recompile, but that's not ideal for a component that's supposed to be just plug and play. This is no criticism of JSON.NET - this really applies to any dependency that might change.  So hard linking the DLL can be problematic for a number reasons, but the primary reason is to not force loading of JSON.NET unless you actually need it when you use the JSON configuration features of the library.Enter Dynamic LoadingSo rather than adding an assembly reference to the project, I decided that it would be better to dynamically load the DLL at runtime and then use dynamic typing to access various classes. This allows me to run without a hard assembly reference and allows more flexibility with version number differences now and in the future.But there are also a couple of downsides:No assembly reference means only dynamic access - no compiler type checking or IntellisenseRequirement for the host application to have reference to JSON.NET or else get runtime errorsThe former is minor, but the latter can be problematic. Runtime errors are always painful, but in this case I'm willing to live with this. If you want to use JSON configuration settings JSON.NET needs to be loaded in the project. If this is a Web project, it'll likely be there already.So there are a few things that are needed to make this work:Dynamically create an instance and optionally attempt to load an Assembly (if not loaded)Load types into dynamic variablesUse Reflection for a few tasks like statics/enumsThe dynamic keyword in C# makes the formerly most difficult Reflection part - method calls and property assignments - fairly painless. But as cool as dynamic is it doesn't handle all aspects of Reflection. Specifically it doesn't deal with object activation, truly dynamic (string based) member activation or accessing of non instance members, so there's still a little bit of work left to do with Reflection.Dynamic Object InstantiationThe first step in getting the process rolling is to instantiate the type you need to work with. This might be a two step process - loading the instance from a string value, since we don't have a hard type reference and potentially having to load the assembly. Although the host project might have a reference to JSON.NET, that instance might have not been loaded yet since it hasn't been accessed yet. In ASP.NET this won't be a problem, since ASP.NET preloads all referenced assemblies on AppDomain startup, but in other executable project, assemblies are just in time loaded only when they are accessed.Instantiating a type is a two step process: Finding the type reference and then activating it. Here's the generic code out of my ReflectionUtils library I use for this:/// <summary> /// Creates an instance of a type based on a string. Assumes that the type's /// </summary> /// <param name="typeName">Common name of the type</param> /// <param name="args">Any constructor parameters</param> /// <returns></returns> public static object CreateInstanceFromString(string typeName, params object[] args) { object instance = null; Type type = null; try { type = GetTypeFromName(typeName); if (type == null) return null; instance = Activator.CreateInstance(type, args); } catch { return null; } return instance; } /// <summary> /// Helper routine that looks up a type name and tries to retrieve the /// full type reference in the actively executing assemblies. /// </summary> /// <param name="typeName"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Type GetTypeFromName(string typeName) { Type type = null; // Let default name binding find it type = Type.GetType(typeName, false); if (type != null) return type; // look through assembly list var assemblies = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies(); // try to find manually foreach (Assembly asm in assemblies) { type = asm.GetType(typeName, false); if (type != null) break; } return type; } To use this for loading JSON.NET I have a small factory function that instantiates JSON.NET and sets a bunch of configuration settings on the generated object. The startup code also looks for failure and tries loading up the assembly when it fails since that's the main reason the load would fail. Finally it also caches the loaded instance for reuse (according to James the JSON.NET instance is thread safe and quite a bit faster when cached). Here's what the factory function looks like in JsonSerializationUtils:/// <summary> /// Dynamically creates an instance of JSON.NET /// </summary> /// <param name="throwExceptions">If true throws exceptions otherwise returns null</param> /// <returns>Dynamic JsonSerializer instance</returns> public static dynamic CreateJsonNet(bool throwExceptions = true) { if (JsonNet != null) return JsonNet; lock (SyncLock) { if (JsonNet != null) return JsonNet; // Try to create instance dynamic json = ReflectionUtils.CreateInstanceFromString("Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializer"); if (json == null) { try { var ass = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.Load("Newtonsoft.Json"); json = ReflectionUtils.CreateInstanceFromString("Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializer"); } catch (Exception ex) { if (throwExceptions) throw; return null; } } if (json == null) return null; json.ReferenceLoopHandling = (dynamic) ReflectionUtils.GetStaticProperty("Newtonsoft.Json.ReferenceLoopHandling", "Ignore"); // Enums as strings in JSON dynamic enumConverter = ReflectionUtils.CreateInstanceFromString("Newtonsoft.Json.Converters.StringEnumConverter"); json.Converters.Add(enumConverter); JsonNet = json; } return JsonNet; }This code's purpose is to return a fully configured JsonSerializer instance. As you can see the code tries to create an instance and when it fails tries to load the assembly, and then re-tries loading.Once the instance is loaded some configuration occurs on it. Specifically I set the ReferenceLoopHandling option to not blow up immediately when circular references are encountered. There are a host of other small config setting that might be useful to set, but the default seem to be good enough in recent versions. Note that I'm setting ReferenceLoopHandling which requires an Enum value to be set. There's no real easy way (short of using the cardinal numeric value) to set a property or pass parameters from static values or enums. This means I still need to use Reflection to make this work. I'm using the same ReflectionUtils class I previously used to handle this for me. The function looks up the type and then uses Type.InvokeMember() to read the static property.Another feature I need is have Enum values serialized as strings rather than numeric values which is the default. To do this I can use the StringEnumConverter to convert enums to strings by adding it to the Converters collection.As you can see there's still a bit of Reflection to be done even in C# 4+ with dynamic, but with a few helpers this process is relatively painless.Doing the actual JSON ConversionFinally I need to actually do my JSON conversions. For the Utility class I need serialization that works for both strings and files so I created four methods that handle these tasks two each for serialization and deserialization for string and file.Here's what the File Serialization looks like:/// <summary> /// Serializes an object instance to a JSON file. /// </summary> /// <param name="value">the value to serialize</param> /// <param name="fileName">Full path to the file to write out with JSON.</param> /// <param name="throwExceptions">Determines whether exceptions are thrown or false is returned</param> /// <param name="formatJsonOutput">if true pretty-formats the JSON with line breaks</param> /// <returns>true or false</returns> public static bool SerializeToFile(object value, string fileName, bool throwExceptions = false, bool formatJsonOutput = false) { dynamic writer = null; FileStream fs = null; try { Type type = value.GetType(); var json = CreateJsonNet(throwExceptions); if (json == null) return false; fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create); var sw = new StreamWriter(fs, Encoding.UTF8); writer = Activator.CreateInstance(JsonTextWriterType, sw); if (formatJsonOutput) writer.Formatting = (dynamic)Enum.Parse(FormattingType, "Indented"); writer.QuoteChar = '"'; json.Serialize(writer, value); } catch (Exception ex) { Debug.WriteLine("JsonSerializer Serialize error: " + ex.Message); if (throwExceptions) throw; return false; } finally { if (writer != null) writer.Close(); if (fs != null) fs.Close(); } return true; }You can see more of the dynamic invocation in this code. First I grab the dynamic JsonSerializer instance using the CreateJsonNet() method shown earlier which returns a dynamic. I then create a JsonTextWriter and configure a couple of enum settings on it, and then call Serialize() on the serializer instance with the JsonTextWriter that writes the output to disk. Although this code is dynamic it's still fairly short and readable.For full circle operation here's the DeserializeFromFile() version:/// <summary> /// Deserializes an object from file and returns a reference. /// </summary> /// <param name="fileName">name of the file to serialize to</param> /// <param name="objectType">The Type of the object. Use typeof(yourobject class)</param> /// <param name="binarySerialization">determines whether we use Xml or Binary serialization</param> /// <param name="throwExceptions">determines whether failure will throw rather than return null on failure</param> /// <returns>Instance of the deserialized object or null. Must be cast to your object type</returns> public static object DeserializeFromFile(string fileName, Type objectType, bool throwExceptions = false) { dynamic json = CreateJsonNet(throwExceptions); if (json == null) return null; object result = null; dynamic reader = null; FileStream fs = null; try { fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); var sr = new StreamReader(fs, Encoding.UTF8); reader = Activator.CreateInstance(JsonTextReaderType, sr); result = json.Deserialize(reader, objectType); reader.Close(); } catch (Exception ex) { Debug.WriteLine("JsonNetSerialization Deserialization Error: " + ex.Message); if (throwExceptions) throw; return null; } finally { if (reader != null) reader.Close(); if (fs != null) fs.Close(); } return result; }This code is a little more compact since there are no prettifying options to set. Here JsonTextReader is created dynamically and it receives the output from the Deserialize() operation on the serializer.You can take a look at the full JsonSerializationUtils.cs file on GitHub to see the rest of the operations, but the string operations are very similar - the code is fairly repetitive.These generic serialization utilities isolate the dynamic serialization logic that has to deal with the dynamic nature of JSON.NET, and any code that uses these functions is none the wiser that JSON.NET is dynamically loaded.Using the JsonSerializationUtils WrapperThe final consumer of the SerializationUtils wrapper is an actual ConfigurationProvider, that is responsible for handling reading and writing JSON values to and from files. The provider is simple a small wrapper around the SerializationUtils component and there's very little code to make this work now:The whole provider looks like this:/// <summary> /// Reads and Writes configuration settings in .NET config files and /// sections. Allows reading and writing to default or external files /// and specification of the configuration section that settings are /// applied to. /// </summary> public class JsonFileConfigurationProvider<TAppConfiguration> : ConfigurationProviderBase<TAppConfiguration> where TAppConfiguration: AppConfiguration, new() { /// <summary> /// Optional - the Configuration file where configuration settings are /// stored in. If not specified uses the default Configuration Manager /// and its default store. /// </summary> public string JsonConfigurationFile { get { return _JsonConfigurationFile; } set { _JsonConfigurationFile = value; } } private string _JsonConfigurationFile = string.Empty; public override bool Read(AppConfiguration config) { var newConfig = JsonSerializationUtils.DeserializeFromFile(JsonConfigurationFile, typeof(TAppConfiguration)) as TAppConfiguration; if (newConfig == null) { if(Write(config)) return true; return false; } DecryptFields(newConfig); DataUtils.CopyObjectData(newConfig, config, "Provider,ErrorMessage"); return true; } /// <summary> /// Return /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="TAppConfig"></typeparam> /// <returns></returns> public override TAppConfig Read<TAppConfig>() { var result = JsonSerializationUtils.DeserializeFromFile(JsonConfigurationFile, typeof(TAppConfig)) as TAppConfig; if (result != null) DecryptFields(result); return result; } /// <summary> /// Write configuration to XmlConfigurationFile location /// </summary> /// <param name="config"></param> /// <returns></returns> public override bool Write(AppConfiguration config) { EncryptFields(config); bool result = JsonSerializationUtils.SerializeToFile(config, JsonConfigurationFile,false,true); // Have to decrypt again to make sure the properties are readable afterwards DecryptFields(config); return result; } }This incidentally demonstrates how easy it is to create a new provider for the West Wind Application Configuration component. Simply implementing 3 methods will do in most cases.Note this code doesn't have any dynamic dependencies - all that's abstracted away in the JsonSerializationUtils(). From here on, serializing JSON is just a matter of calling the static methods on the SerializationUtils class.Already, there are several other places in some other tools where I use JSON serialization this is coming in very handy. With a couple of lines of code I was able to add JSON.NET support to an older AJAX library that I use replacing quite a bit of code that was previously in use. And for any other manual JSON operations (in a couple of apps I use JSON Serialization for 'blob' like document storage) this is also going to be handy.Performance?Some of you might be thinking that using dynamic and Reflection can't be good for performance. And you'd be right… In performing some informal testing it looks like the performance of the native code is nearly twice as fast as the dynamic code. Most of the slowness is attributable to type lookups. To test I created a native class that uses an actual reference to JSON.NET and performance was consistently around 85-90% faster with the referenced code. That being said though - I serialized 10,000 objects in 80ms vs. 45ms so this isn't hardly slouchy. For the configuration component speed is not that important because both read and write operations typically happen once on first access and then every once in a while. But for other operations - say a serializer trying to handle AJAX requests on a Web Server one would be well served to create a hard dependency.Dynamic Loading - Worth it?On occasion dynamic loading makes sense. But there's a price to be paid in added code complexity and a performance hit. But for some operations that are not pivotal to a component or application and only used under certain circumstances dynamic loading can be beneficial to avoid having to ship extra files and loading down distributions. These days when you create new projects in Visual Studio with 30 assemblies before you even add your own code, trying to keep file counts under control seems a good idea. It's not the kind of thing you do on a regular basis, but when needed it can be a useful tool. Hopefully some of you find this information useful…© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2013Posted in .NET  C#   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • Dynamically loading Assemblies to reduce Runtime Dependencies

    - by Rick Strahl
    I've been working on a request to the West Wind Application Configuration library to add JSON support. The config library is a very easy to use code-first approach to configuration: You create a class that holds the configuration data that inherits from a base configuration class, and then assign a persistence provider at runtime that determines where and how the configuration data is store. Currently the library supports .NET Configuration stores (web.config/app.config), XML files, SQL records and string storage.About once a week somebody asks me about JSON support and I've deflected this question for the longest time because frankly I think that JSON as a configuration store doesn't really buy a heck of a lot over XML. Both formats require the user to perform some fixup of the plain configuration data - in XML into XML tags, with JSON using JSON delimiters for properties and property formatting rules. Sure JSON is a little less verbose and maybe a little easier to read if you have hierarchical data, but overall the differences are pretty minor in my opinion. And yet - the requests keep rolling in.Hard Link Issues in a Component LibraryAnother reason I've been hesitant is that I really didn't want to pull in a dependency on an external JSON library - in this case JSON.NET - into the core library. If you're not using JSON.NET elsewhere I don't want a user to have to require a hard dependency on JSON.NET unless they want to use the JSON feature. JSON.NET is also sensitive to versions and doesn't play nice with multiple versions when hard linked. For example, when you have a reference to V4.4 in your project but the host application has a reference to version 4.5 you can run into assembly load problems. NuGet's Update-Package can solve some of this *if* you can recompile, but that's not ideal for a component that's supposed to be just plug and play. This is no criticism of JSON.NET - this really applies to any dependency that might change.  So hard linking the DLL can be problematic for a number reasons, but the primary reason is to not force loading of JSON.NET unless you actually need it when you use the JSON configuration features of the library.Enter Dynamic LoadingSo rather than adding an assembly reference to the project, I decided that it would be better to dynamically load the DLL at runtime and then use dynamic typing to access various classes. This allows me to run without a hard assembly reference and allows more flexibility with version number differences now and in the future.But there are also a couple of downsides:No assembly reference means only dynamic access - no compiler type checking or IntellisenseRequirement for the host application to have reference to JSON.NET or else get runtime errorsThe former is minor, but the latter can be problematic. Runtime errors are always painful, but in this case I'm willing to live with this. If you want to use JSON configuration settings JSON.NET needs to be loaded in the project. If this is a Web project, it'll likely be there already.So there are a few things that are needed to make this work:Dynamically create an instance and optionally attempt to load an Assembly (if not loaded)Load types into dynamic variablesUse Reflection for a few tasks like statics/enumsThe dynamic keyword in C# makes the formerly most difficult Reflection part - method calls and property assignments - fairly painless. But as cool as dynamic is it doesn't handle all aspects of Reflection. Specifically it doesn't deal with object activation, truly dynamic (string based) member activation or accessing of non instance members, so there's still a little bit of work left to do with Reflection.Dynamic Object InstantiationThe first step in getting the process rolling is to instantiate the type you need to work with. This might be a two step process - loading the instance from a string value, since we don't have a hard type reference and potentially having to load the assembly. Although the host project might have a reference to JSON.NET, that instance might have not been loaded yet since it hasn't been accessed yet. In ASP.NET this won't be a problem, since ASP.NET preloads all referenced assemblies on AppDomain startup, but in other executable project, assemblies are just in time loaded only when they are accessed.Instantiating a type is a two step process: Finding the type reference and then activating it. Here's the generic code out of my ReflectionUtils library I use for this:/// <summary> /// Creates an instance of a type based on a string. Assumes that the type's /// </summary> /// <param name="typeName">Common name of the type</param> /// <param name="args">Any constructor parameters</param> /// <returns></returns> public static object CreateInstanceFromString(string typeName, params object[] args) { object instance = null; Type type = null; try { type = GetTypeFromName(typeName); if (type == null) return null; instance = Activator.CreateInstance(type, args); } catch { return null; } return instance; } /// <summary> /// Helper routine that looks up a type name and tries to retrieve the /// full type reference in the actively executing assemblies. /// </summary> /// <param name="typeName"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static Type GetTypeFromName(string typeName) { Type type = null; // Let default name binding find it type = Type.GetType(typeName, false); if (type != null) return type; // look through assembly list var assemblies = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies(); // try to find manually foreach (Assembly asm in assemblies) { type = asm.GetType(typeName, false); if (type != null) break; } return type; } To use this for loading JSON.NET I have a small factory function that instantiates JSON.NET and sets a bunch of configuration settings on the generated object. The startup code also looks for failure and tries loading up the assembly when it fails since that's the main reason the load would fail. Finally it also caches the loaded instance for reuse (according to James the JSON.NET instance is thread safe and quite a bit faster when cached). Here's what the factory function looks like in JsonSerializationUtils:/// <summary> /// Dynamically creates an instance of JSON.NET /// </summary> /// <param name="throwExceptions">If true throws exceptions otherwise returns null</param> /// <returns>Dynamic JsonSerializer instance</returns> public static dynamic CreateJsonNet(bool throwExceptions = true) { if (JsonNet != null) return JsonNet; lock (SyncLock) { if (JsonNet != null) return JsonNet; // Try to create instance dynamic json = ReflectionUtils.CreateInstanceFromString("Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializer"); if (json == null) { try { var ass = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.Load("Newtonsoft.Json"); json = ReflectionUtils.CreateInstanceFromString("Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializer"); } catch (Exception ex) { if (throwExceptions) throw; return null; } } if (json == null) return null; json.ReferenceLoopHandling = (dynamic) ReflectionUtils.GetStaticProperty("Newtonsoft.Json.ReferenceLoopHandling", "Ignore"); // Enums as strings in JSON dynamic enumConverter = ReflectionUtils.CreateInstanceFromString("Newtonsoft.Json.Converters.StringEnumConverter"); json.Converters.Add(enumConverter); JsonNet = json; } return JsonNet; }This code's purpose is to return a fully configured JsonSerializer instance. As you can see the code tries to create an instance and when it fails tries to load the assembly, and then re-tries loading.Once the instance is loaded some configuration occurs on it. Specifically I set the ReferenceLoopHandling option to not blow up immediately when circular references are encountered. There are a host of other small config setting that might be useful to set, but the default seem to be good enough in recent versions. Note that I'm setting ReferenceLoopHandling which requires an Enum value to be set. There's no real easy way (short of using the cardinal numeric value) to set a property or pass parameters from static values or enums. This means I still need to use Reflection to make this work. I'm using the same ReflectionUtils class I previously used to handle this for me. The function looks up the type and then uses Type.InvokeMember() to read the static property.Another feature I need is have Enum values serialized as strings rather than numeric values which is the default. To do this I can use the StringEnumConverter to convert enums to strings by adding it to the Converters collection.As you can see there's still a bit of Reflection to be done even in C# 4+ with dynamic, but with a few helpers this process is relatively painless.Doing the actual JSON ConversionFinally I need to actually do my JSON conversions. For the Utility class I need serialization that works for both strings and files so I created four methods that handle these tasks two each for serialization and deserialization for string and file.Here's what the File Serialization looks like:/// <summary> /// Serializes an object instance to a JSON file. /// </summary> /// <param name="value">the value to serialize</param> /// <param name="fileName">Full path to the file to write out with JSON.</param> /// <param name="throwExceptions">Determines whether exceptions are thrown or false is returned</param> /// <param name="formatJsonOutput">if true pretty-formats the JSON with line breaks</param> /// <returns>true or false</returns> public static bool SerializeToFile(object value, string fileName, bool throwExceptions = false, bool formatJsonOutput = false) { dynamic writer = null; FileStream fs = null; try { Type type = value.GetType(); var json = CreateJsonNet(throwExceptions); if (json == null) return false; fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Create); var sw = new StreamWriter(fs, Encoding.UTF8); writer = Activator.CreateInstance(JsonTextWriterType, sw); if (formatJsonOutput) writer.Formatting = (dynamic)Enum.Parse(FormattingType, "Indented"); writer.QuoteChar = '"'; json.Serialize(writer, value); } catch (Exception ex) { Debug.WriteLine("JsonSerializer Serialize error: " + ex.Message); if (throwExceptions) throw; return false; } finally { if (writer != null) writer.Close(); if (fs != null) fs.Close(); } return true; }You can see more of the dynamic invocation in this code. First I grab the dynamic JsonSerializer instance using the CreateJsonNet() method shown earlier which returns a dynamic. I then create a JsonTextWriter and configure a couple of enum settings on it, and then call Serialize() on the serializer instance with the JsonTextWriter that writes the output to disk. Although this code is dynamic it's still fairly short and readable.For full circle operation here's the DeserializeFromFile() version:/// <summary> /// Deserializes an object from file and returns a reference. /// </summary> /// <param name="fileName">name of the file to serialize to</param> /// <param name="objectType">The Type of the object. Use typeof(yourobject class)</param> /// <param name="binarySerialization">determines whether we use Xml or Binary serialization</param> /// <param name="throwExceptions">determines whether failure will throw rather than return null on failure</param> /// <returns>Instance of the deserialized object or null. Must be cast to your object type</returns> public static object DeserializeFromFile(string fileName, Type objectType, bool throwExceptions = false) { dynamic json = CreateJsonNet(throwExceptions); if (json == null) return null; object result = null; dynamic reader = null; FileStream fs = null; try { fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); var sr = new StreamReader(fs, Encoding.UTF8); reader = Activator.CreateInstance(JsonTextReaderType, sr); result = json.Deserialize(reader, objectType); reader.Close(); } catch (Exception ex) { Debug.WriteLine("JsonNetSerialization Deserialization Error: " + ex.Message); if (throwExceptions) throw; return null; } finally { if (reader != null) reader.Close(); if (fs != null) fs.Close(); } return result; }This code is a little more compact since there are no prettifying options to set. Here JsonTextReader is created dynamically and it receives the output from the Deserialize() operation on the serializer.You can take a look at the full JsonSerializationUtils.cs file on GitHub to see the rest of the operations, but the string operations are very similar - the code is fairly repetitive.These generic serialization utilities isolate the dynamic serialization logic that has to deal with the dynamic nature of JSON.NET, and any code that uses these functions is none the wiser that JSON.NET is dynamically loaded.Using the JsonSerializationUtils WrapperThe final consumer of the SerializationUtils wrapper is an actual ConfigurationProvider, that is responsible for handling reading and writing JSON values to and from files. The provider is simple a small wrapper around the SerializationUtils component and there's very little code to make this work now:The whole provider looks like this:/// <summary> /// Reads and Writes configuration settings in .NET config files and /// sections. Allows reading and writing to default or external files /// and specification of the configuration section that settings are /// applied to. /// </summary> public class JsonFileConfigurationProvider<TAppConfiguration> : ConfigurationProviderBase<TAppConfiguration> where TAppConfiguration: AppConfiguration, new() { /// <summary> /// Optional - the Configuration file where configuration settings are /// stored in. If not specified uses the default Configuration Manager /// and its default store. /// </summary> public string JsonConfigurationFile { get { return _JsonConfigurationFile; } set { _JsonConfigurationFile = value; } } private string _JsonConfigurationFile = string.Empty; public override bool Read(AppConfiguration config) { var newConfig = JsonSerializationUtils.DeserializeFromFile(JsonConfigurationFile, typeof(TAppConfiguration)) as TAppConfiguration; if (newConfig == null) { if(Write(config)) return true; return false; } DecryptFields(newConfig); DataUtils.CopyObjectData(newConfig, config, "Provider,ErrorMessage"); return true; } /// <summary> /// Return /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="TAppConfig"></typeparam> /// <returns></returns> public override TAppConfig Read<TAppConfig>() { var result = JsonSerializationUtils.DeserializeFromFile(JsonConfigurationFile, typeof(TAppConfig)) as TAppConfig; if (result != null) DecryptFields(result); return result; } /// <summary> /// Write configuration to XmlConfigurationFile location /// </summary> /// <param name="config"></param> /// <returns></returns> public override bool Write(AppConfiguration config) { EncryptFields(config); bool result = JsonSerializationUtils.SerializeToFile(config, JsonConfigurationFile,false,true); // Have to decrypt again to make sure the properties are readable afterwards DecryptFields(config); return result; } }This incidentally demonstrates how easy it is to create a new provider for the West Wind Application Configuration component. Simply implementing 3 methods will do in most cases.Note this code doesn't have any dynamic dependencies - all that's abstracted away in the JsonSerializationUtils(). From here on, serializing JSON is just a matter of calling the static methods on the SerializationUtils class.Already, there are several other places in some other tools where I use JSON serialization this is coming in very handy. With a couple of lines of code I was able to add JSON.NET support to an older AJAX library that I use replacing quite a bit of code that was previously in use. And for any other manual JSON operations (in a couple of apps I use JSON Serialization for 'blob' like document storage) this is also going to be handy.Performance?Some of you might be thinking that using dynamic and Reflection can't be good for performance. And you'd be right… In performing some informal testing it looks like the performance of the native code is nearly twice as fast as the dynamic code. Most of the slowness is attributable to type lookups. To test I created a native class that uses an actual reference to JSON.NET and performance was consistently around 85-90% faster with the referenced code. This will change though depending on the size of objects serialized - the larger the object the more processing time is spent inside the actual dynamically activated components and the less difference there will be. Dynamic code is always slower, but how much it really affects your application primarily depends on how frequently the dynamic code is called in relation to the non-dynamic code executing. In most situations where dynamic code is used 'to get the process rolling' as I do here the overhead is small enough to not matter.All that being said though - I serialized 10,000 objects in 80ms vs. 45ms so this is hardly slouchy performance. For the configuration component speed is not that important because both read and write operations typically happen once on first access and then every once in a while. But for other operations - say a serializer trying to handle AJAX requests on a Web Server one would be well served to create a hard dependency.Dynamic Loading - Worth it?Dynamic loading is not something you need to worry about but on occasion dynamic loading makes sense. But there's a price to be paid in added code  and a performance hit which depends on how frequently the dynamic code is accessed. But for some operations that are not pivotal to a component or application and are only used under certain circumstances dynamic loading can be beneficial to avoid having to ship extra files adding dependencies and loading down distributions. These days when you create new projects in Visual Studio with 30 assemblies before you even add your own code, trying to keep file counts under control seems like a good idea. It's not the kind of thing you do on a regular basis, but when needed it can be a useful option in your toolset… © Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2013Posted in .NET  C#   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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  • A solution for a PHP website without a framework

    - by lortabac
    One of our customers asked us to add some dynamic functionality to an existent website, made of several static HTML pages. We normally work with an MVC framework (mostly CodeIgniter), but in this case moving everything to a framework would require too much time. Since it is not a big project, not having the full functionality of a framework is not a problem. But the question is how to keep code clean. The solution I came up with is to divide code in libraries (the application's API) and models. So inside HTML there will only be API calls, and readability will not be sacrificed. I implemented this with a sort of static Registry (sorry if I'm wrong, I am not a design pattern expert): <?php class Custom_framework { //Global database instance private static $db; //Registered models private static $models = array(); //Registered libraries private static $libraries = array(); //Returns a database class instance static public function get_db(){ if(isset(self::$db)){ //If instance exists, returns it return self::$db; } else { //If instance doesn't exists, creates it self::$db = new DB; return self::$db; } } //Returns a model instance static public function get_model($model_name){ if(isset(self::$models[$model_name])){ //If instance exists, returns it return self::$models[$model_name]; } else { //If instance doesn't exists, creates it if(is_file(ROOT_DIR . 'application/models/' . $model_name . '.php')){ include_once ROOT_DIR . 'application/models/' . $model_name . '.php'; self::$models[$model_name] = new $model_name; return self::$models[$model_name]; } else { return FALSE; } } } //Returns a library instance static public function get_library($library_name){ if(isset(self::$libraries[$library_name])){ //If instance exists, returns it return self::$libraries[$library_name]; } else { //If instance doesn't exists, creates it if(is_file(ROOT_DIR . 'application/libraries/' . $library_name . '.php')){ include_once ROOT_DIR . 'application/libraries/' . $library_name . '.php'; self::$libraries[$library_name] = new $library_name; return self::$libraries[$library_name]; } else { return FALSE; } } } } Inside HTML, API methods are accessed like this: <?php echo Custom_framework::get_library('My_library')->my_method(); ?> It looks to me as a practical solution. But I wonder what its drawbacks are, and what the possible alternatives.

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  • SINGLE SIGN ON SECURITY THREAT! FACEBOOK access_token broadcast in the open/clear

    - by MOKANA
    Subsequent to my posting there was a remark made that this was not really a question but I thought I did indeed postulate one. So that there is no ambiquity here is the question with a lead in: Since there is no data sent from Facebook during the Canvas Load process that is not at some point divulged, including the access_token, session and other data that could uniquely identify a user, does any one see any other way other than adding one more layer, i.e., a password, sent over the wire via HTTPS along with the access_toekn, that will insure unique untampered with security by the user? Using Wireshark I captured the local broadcast while loading my Canvas Application page. I was hugely surprised to see the access_token broadcast in the open, viewable for any one to see. This access_token is appended to any https call to the Facebook OpenGraph API. Using facebook as a single click log on has now raised huge concerns for me. It is stored in a session object in memory and the cookie is cleared upon app termination and after reviewing the FB.Init calls I saw a lot of HTTPS calls so I assumed the access_token was always encrypted. But last night I saw in the status bar a call from what was simply an http call that included the App ID so I felt I should sniff the Application Canvas load sequence. Today I did sniff the broadcast and in the attached image you can see that there are http calls with the access_token being broadcast in the open and clear for anyone to gain access to. Am I missing something, is what I am seeing and my interpretation really correct. If any one can sniff and get the access_token they can theorically make calls to the Graph API via https, even though the call back would still need to be the site established in Facebook's application set up. But what is truly a security threat is anyone using the access_token for access to their own site. I do not see the value of a single sign on via Facebook if the only thing that was established as secure was the access_token - becuase for what I can see it clearly is not secure. Access tokens that never have an expire date do not change. Access_tokens are different for every user, to access to another site could be held tight to just a single user, but compromising even a single user's data is unacceptable. http://www.creatingstory.com/images/InTheOpen.png Went back and did more research on this: FINDINGS: Went back an re ran the canvas application to verify that it was not any of my code that was not broadcasting. In this call: HTTP GET /connect.php/en_US/js/CacheData HTTP/1.1 The USER ID is clearly visible in the cookie. So USER_ID's are fully visible, but they are already. Anyone can go to pretty much any ones page and hover over the image and see the USER ID. So no big threat. APP_ID are also easily obtainable - but . . . http://www.creatingstory.com/images/InTheOpen2.png The above file clearly shows the FULL ACCESS TOKEN clearly in the OPEN via a Facebook initiated call. Am I wrong. TELL ME I AM WRONG because I want to be wrong about this. I have since reset my app secret so I am showing the real sniff of the Canvas Page being loaded. Additional data 02/20/2011: @ifaour - I appreciate the time you took to compile your response. I am pretty familiar with the OAuth process and have a pretty solid understanding of the signed_request unpacking and utilization of the access_token. I perform a substantial amount of my processing on the server and my Facebook server side flows are all complete and function without any flaw that I know of. The application secret is secure and never passed to the front end application and is also changed regularly. I am being as fanatical about security as I can be, knowing there is so much I don’t know that could come back and bite me. Two huge access_token issues: The issues concern the possible utilization of the access_token from the USER AGENT (browser). During the FB.INIT() process of the Facebook JavaScript SDK, a cookie is created as well as an object in memory called a session object. This object, along with the cookie contain the access_token, session, a secret, and uid and status of the connection. The session object is structured such that is supports both the new OAuth and the legacy flows. With OAuth, the access_token and status are pretty much al that is used in the session object. The first issue is that the access_token is used to make HTTPS calls to the GRAPH API. If you had the access_token, you could do this from any browser: https://graph.facebook.com/220439?access_token=... and it will return a ton of information about the user. So any one with the access token can gain access to a Facebook account. You can also make additional calls to any info the user has granted access to the application tied to the access_token. At first I thought that a call into the GRAPH had to have a Callback to the URL established in the App Setup, but I tested it as mentioned below and it will return info back right into the browser. Adding that callback feature would be a good idea I think, tightens things up a bit. The second issue is utilization of some unique private secured data that identifies the user to the third party data base, i.e., like in my case, I would use a single sign on to populate user information into my database using this unique secured data item (i.e., access_token which contains the APP ID, the USER ID, and a hashed with secret sequence). None of this is a problem on the server side. You get a signed_request, you unpack it with secret, make HTTPS calls, get HTTPS responses back. When a user has information entered via the USER AGENT(browser) that must be stored via a POST, this unique secured data element would be sent via HTTPS such that they are validated prior to data base insertion. However, If there is NO secured piece of unique data that is supplied via the single sign on process, then there is no way to guarantee unauthorized access. The access_token is the one piece of data that is utilized by Facebook to make the HTTPS calls into the GRAPH API. it is considered unique in regards to BOTH the USER and the APPLICATION and is initially secure via the signed_request packaging. If however, it is subsequently transmitted in the clear and if I can sniff the wire and obtain the access_token, then I can pretend to be the application and gain the information they have authorized the application to see. I tried the above example from a Safari and IE browser and it returned all of my information to me in the browser. In conclusion, the access_token is part of the signed_request and that is how the application initially obtains it. After OAuth authentication and authorization, i.e., the USER has logged into Facebook and then runs your app, the access_token is stored as mentioned above and I have sniffed it such that I see it stored in a Cookie that is transmitted over the wire, resulting in there being NO UNIQUE SECURED IDENTIFIABLE piece of information that can be used to support interaction with the database, or in other words, unless there were one more piece of secure data sent along with the access_token to my database, i.e., a password, I would not be able to discern if it is a legitimate call. Luckily I utilized secure AJAX via POST and the call has to come from the same domain, but I am sure there is a way to hijack that. I am totally open to any ideas on this topic on how to uniquely identify my USERS other than adding another layer (password) via this single sign on process or if someone would just share with me that I read and analyzed my data incorrectly and that the access_token is always secure over the wire. Mahalo nui loa in advance.

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