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  • With this generics code why am I getting "Argument 1: cannot convert from 'ToplogyLibrary.Relationsh

    - by Greg
    Hi, Any see why I'm getting a "Argument 1: cannot convert from 'ToplogyLibrary.RelationshipBase' to 'TRelationship'" in the code below, in CreateRelationship() ? public class TopologyBase<TKey, TNode, TRelationship> where TNode : NodeBase<TKey>, new() where TRelationship : RelationshipBase<TKey>, new() { // Properties public Dictionary<TKey, TNode> Nodes { get; private set; } public List<TRelationship> Relationships { get; private set; } // Constructors protected TopologyBase() { Nodes = new Dictionary<TKey, TNode>(); Relationships = new List<TRelationship>(); } // Methods public TNode CreateNode(TKey key) { var node = new TNode {Key = key}; Nodes.Add(node.Key, node); return node; } public void CreateRelationship(TNode parent, TNode child) { // Validation if (!Nodes.ContainsKey(parent.Key) || !Nodes.ContainsKey(child.Key)) { throw new ApplicationException("Can not create relationship as either parent or child was not in the graph: Parent:" + parent.Key + ", Child:" + child.Key); } // Add Relationship var r = new RelationshipBase<TNode>(); r.Parent = parent; r.Child = child; Relationships.Add(r); // *** HERE *** "Argument 1: cannot convert from 'ToplogyLibrary.RelationshipBase<TNode>' to 'TRelationship'" } } public class RelationshipBase<TNode> { public TNode Parent { get; set; } public TNode Child { get; set; } } public class NodeBase<T> { public T Key { get; set; } public NodeBase() { } public NodeBase(T key) { Key = key; } }

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  • Creating an application that can open files of a given format

    - by Brian Postow
    I've got an app, written in Obj-C. The info.plist has a list of file types that the app can open. I'm pretty sure that this is working because when I try to drag a file of an unacceptable type, the app doesn't highlight, but when I drag a file of an acceptable type, it does highlight, and lets me drop. When I drop, the app starts up, correctly, however, then I get a dialog saying: The document "foo.tiff" could not be opened. DocView cannot open files in the "TIFF File" format. I DO have this in my info.plist <key>CFBundleTypeExtensions</key> <array> <string>tif</string> <string>tiff</string> </array> <key>CFBundleTypeIconFile</key> <string>TIFFFile.icns</string> <key>CFBundleTypeName</key> <string>TIFF File</string> <key>CFBundleTypeOSTypes</key> <array> <string>TIFF</string> </array> <key>CFBundleTypeRole</key> <string>Viewer</string> <key>LSHandlerRank</key> <string>Documents/</string> Thanks.

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  • How can I stop Chromium from putting focus in the address bar when using the up arrow key to scroll

    - by codeLes
    This is bugging me. I'm at a web page, any web page, and I am scrolling back to the top of the page with the up arrow key as I tend to do when browsing a page and once I get to the top of the page if I don't pay attention and hit the key one more times than is needed Chromium in all it's wisdom decides I must want to do something with the address so it places the focus in the address bar. ARGH! Any way to stop this? I'm running Ubuntu 9.04 Jaunty and have installed the nightly build version of Chromium PPA.

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  • How to swap ctrl and fn key on a MacBook Pro running Windows 7 via Boot Camp?

    - by hobbes3
    There are sooooo many discussion on the internet about swapping the fn and ctrl key on a MacBook Pro. On the Mac side, a new software called ReMap4MacBook does a perfect job swapping the two key. But on the PC side (specifically Windows 7), I can't really find a definitive answer. Most post refer to this article but I read the loooong article and followed the instructions to no avail. I remember there used to be a program (maybe it was on XP) that not only swapped the two keys but it also controlled the fans on the MacBook Pro. But I can't remember the name and I also recall that that program stopped being updated like years ago. EDIT: It's called Input Remapper. So I am hoping there exist a simple program that I can simply run to swap those two keys.

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  • cygWin connect by SSH using RSA key; ssh.exe couldn't create /home/user/.ssh

    - by Kirzilla
    I'm using Win XP and I'm trying to connect by SSH to remote host using RSA key. I've investigated that cygWin recognizes Documents and Settings dir as home directory Z:\app\cwRsync\bin>cygpath -H /cygdrive/c/Documents and Settings I've created .ssh directory in Documents and Settings/user/.ssh and moved known_hosts, id_rsa, id_rsa.pub there. Now, I'm trying to connect via ssh.exe to remote host Z:\app\cwRsync\bin>ssh -p 22 [email protected] Could not create directory '/home/user/.ssh'. The authenticity of host '[remotehost.com]:22 ([remotehost.com]:22)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is f7:f4:2c:e0:c6:7e:d2:a4:45:70:63:df:bf:f2:84:46. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? What I'm doing wrong? Why ssh.exe couldn't create directory /home/user/.ssh? Thank you.

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  • Outlook Registry Key Damaged; Tried "Fix It" and lost everything

    - by Ray
    My outlook 2007 (on Windows 7 64 bit) worked fine for two weeks. I then installed a printer/scanner/copier and the Outlook Window wouldn't open. I went to Microsoft's website and found a page that said my registry key was damaged. The page had a link to a Fix It program. I ran the program and it looks like all my Outlook data was wiped out. Can I get the data back? For future reference, how should I protect myself if the key goes bad again? Do you think I should unistall Outlook and re-install?

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  • Is it secure to store the cert/key on a private AMI?

    - by Phillip Oldham
    Are there any major security implications to bundling a private AMI which contains the private key/certificate & environment variables? For resiliency I'm creating an EC2 image which should be able to boot and configure itself without any intervention. After boot it will attempt to: Attach & mount specific EBS volume(s) Associate a specific Elastic IP Start issuing backups of the EBS volume(s) to S3 However, to do this it will need the private key/pem files and will need certain environment variables to be available on start-up. Since this is a private AMI I'm wondering if it will be "safe" to store these variables/files directly in the image so that I don't need to specify any user-data information and can therefore start a new instance remotely (from my iPhone, if needed) should the instance be terminated for any reason.

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  • How to specify an SSH key for Hudson with git plugin?

    - by jlpp
    I've got Hudson (continuous integration system) with the git plugin running on a Tomcat Windows Service. msysgit is installed and the msysgit bin dir is in the path. PuTTY/Pageant/plink are installed and msysgit is configured to use them. The trouble I'm running in to, I think, is that the user who owns the Tomcat/Hudson service (Local System) has no SSH key set up to be able to clone the git repository. When the git Hudson plugin tries to clone it gives the error: $ git clone -o origin git@hostname:project.git "e:\HUDSON_HOME\jobs\Project Trunk\workspace" ERROR: Error cloning remote repo 'origin' : Could not clone git@hostname:project.git ERROR: Cause: Error performing git clone -o origin git@hostname:project.git e:\HUDSON_HOME\jobs\Project Trunk\workspace Trying next repository ERROR: Could not clone from a repository FATAL: Could not clone hudson.plugins.git.GitException: Could not clone My question is, how can I set things up so that the git plugin/msysgit know to use a particular SSH private key when trying to clone? I don't think Pageant will work because the Tomcat service is running as the "Local System" user, but I may be wrong.

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  • How can I toggle Full Screen mode in Remote Desktop without a Break key?

    - by Jay Bazuzi
    My small laptop has a small keyboard, which lacks a Pause/Break key. Ctrl-Alt-Break toggles Full Screen mode in Windows Remote Desktop. Without a Break key, how can I enter Full Screen mode? I know I can exit fullscreen mode with the mouse. Maximizing the window doesn't help. This matters more on small laptops because the screens are small (so you need all the real estate you can get) and because the keyboard lacks dedicated PgUp/PgDn and other dedicated keys (so I can't easily use the RDP alternatives like Alt-PgUp).

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  • How do I restart mysql and where is my.cnf file

    - by dorelal
    I am using snow leopard mac. I installed mysql on my machine using instructions mentioned here. Everything works great. However I have two questions. 1) Where is my.cnf file? I searched the whole file system and result is empty. Is it possible that there is no my.cnf and mysql works with default values. If yes then probably I should create my.inf at /etc/mysql. Is that right? 2) How do I restar server. I know it gets started when I restart my machine. Here is what plist looks like. mysqld_safe does not let me restart server. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>KeepAlive</key> <true/> <key>Label</key> <string>com.mysql.mysqld</string> <key>Program</key> <string>/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe</string> <key>RunAtLoad</key> <true/> <key>UserName</key> <string>mysql</string> <key>WorkingDirectory</key> <string>/usr/local/mysql</string> </dict> </plist>

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  • Strange LINQ to SQL Behavior

    - by mcass20
    What is wrong with the last query? Is it a bug or am I missing something? This query returns 2 records (correct): query = query.Where(Log => SqlMethods.Like(Log.FormattedMessage, "%<key>Name</key><value>David</value>%")); This query returns 2 records (correct): query = query.Where(Log => SqlMethods.Like(Log.FormattedMessage, "%<key>Name</key><value>%David%</value>%")); This query returns 0 records (correct): query = query.Where(Log => SqlMethods.Like(Log.FormattedMessage, "%<key>Name</key><value>av</value>%")); This query returns 2 records (correct): query = query.Where(Log => SqlMethods.Like(Log.FormattedMessage, "%<key>Name</key><value>%av%</value>%")); This query returns 0 records (correct): query = query.Where(Log => SqlMethods.Like(Log.FormattedMessage, "%<key>Name</key><value>v</value>%")); This query returns 15 records (incorrect, should return 2): query = query.Where(Log => SqlMethods.Like(Log.FormattedMessage, "%<key>Name</key><value>%v%</value>%"));

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  • Ruby - Writing Hpricot data to a file

    - by John
    Hey everyone, I am currently doing some XML parsing and I've chosen to use Hpricot because of it's ease of use and syntax, however I am running into some problems. I need to write a piece of XML data that I have found out to another file. However, when I do this the format is not preserved. For example, if the content should look like this: <dict> <key>item1</key><value>12345</value> <key>item2</key><value>67890</value> <key>item3</key><value>23456</value> </dict> And assuming that there are many entries like this in the document. I am iterating through the 'dict' items by using hpricot_element = Hpricot(xml_document_body) f = File.new('some_new_file.xml') (hpricot_element/:dict).each { |dict| f.write( dict.to_original_html ) } After using the above code, I would expect that the output look like the following exactly like the XML shown above. However to my surprise, the output of the file looks more like this: <dict>\n", " <key>item1</key><value>12345</value>\n", " <key>item2</key><value>67890</value>\n", " <key>item3</key><value>23456</value\n", " </dict> I've tried splitting at the "\n" characters and writing to the file one line at a time, but that didn't seem to work either as it did not recognize the "\n" characters. Any help is greatly appreciated. It might be a very simple solution, but I am having troubling finding it. Thanks!

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  • Editing a sublime theme, how to know which key string corresponds to which text element in the code?

    - by laggingreflex
    I want to customize the color scheme of the comments in my code, by editing the .tmTheme How to know which of the <dict> <key> corresponds to which element of the code? Like, I can guess some of them but not every one of them is that obvious.. I remember there was some mouse click or a keyboard shortcut that when you hover over something in your code and click/press it it would show exactly the key you need to edit in the status bar. Something like this How do I do that?

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  • how to skip first 3 row of text file.

    - by Dilantha Chamal
    hey when i reading the text file using java, how can i skip first 3 rows of the text file. Show me how to do that. public class Reader { public static void main(String[] args) { BufferedReader reader; try { reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( new FileInputStream("sample.txt"))); Map<String, Integer result = new LinkedHashMap<String, Integer(); Map<String, Integer result2 = new LinkedHashMap<String, Integer(); while (reader.ready()) { String line = reader.readLine(); /split a line with spaces/ String[] values = line.split("\s+"); /set a key date\tanimal/ String key = values[0] + "\t" + values[1]; int sum = 0; int count = 0; /get a last counter and sum/ if (result.containsKey(key)) { sum = result.get(key); count = result2.get(key); } else{ } /increment sum a count and save in the map with key/ result.put(key, sum + Integer.parseInt(values[2])); result2.put(key, count + 1); } /interate and print new output/ for (String key : result.keySet()) { Integer sum = result.get(key); Integer count = result2.get(key); System.out.println(key + " " + sum + "\t" + count); } reader.close(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }

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  • How Can I Find My Windows 7 Pro Product Key is Original?

    - by user29373
    Our Company Wants to buy 30 windows 7 pro OEM License. and somebody gave us some package like this http://www.citymax.co.nz/45-91-thickbox/windows-7-professional-oem.jpg 1- I want to know that Does this Windows 7 Pro Package is Original and genuine?How can I sure that? 2- How Can I understand how many user can use this Windows? He gave us for 30 client but what happen if we install this package for more than that? How can I find the number of user can install this? 3- How can I check the Product Key before installing Windows? Has microsoft site for checking product key?

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  • Windows Azure Evolution &ndash; Preview Developer Portal

    - by Shaun
    With the MEET Windows Azure event on 7th June, there are many new features and updates in windows azure platform. In the coming several posts I will try to cover some of them. And in the first post here I would like to just have a quick walkthrough of the new preview developer portal.   History of the Developer Portal If you have been working with windows azure since 2009 or 2010, you should remember the first version of the developer portal. It was built in HTML with very limited features. I have the impression when I was using is old one. The layout is not that attractive and you have very limited features. On November, 2010 alone with the SDK 1.3 release, the developer portal was getting a big jump. In order to give more usability and features this it turned to be built on Silverlight. Hence it runs like a desktop application with many windows, lists, commands and context menus. From 2010 till now many features were involved into this portal, such as the remote desktop, co-admin, virtual connect, VM role, etc.. And the portal itself became more and more complicated. But it brought some problems by using the Silverlight. The first one is the browser capability. As you know in most mobile and tablet device the browser doesn’t allow the rich content plugin, such as Flash and Silverlight. This means people cannot open and configure their azure services from their iPad, iPhone and Windows Phone, etc., even though what they need may just be restart a hosted service, or view the status of their databases. Another problem is the performance. Silverlight provides rich experience to the users, but also needs more bandwidth. So in this upgrade the preview developer portal will be back to use HTML, with JavaScript, as a mobile friendly, cross browser, interactively web site.   Preview Portal vs. Silverlight Portal Before I started to talk about the new preview portal I’d better highlight that, this preview portal is a PREVIEW version, which means even though you can do almost all features that already in the old one, as long as some cool new features I will mention in the coming several posts, there are something still under developed and migrated. So sometimes you need to switch back to the old one. For example, in preview portal there is no co-admin manage function, no remote desktop function and the SQL database manage function will take you back to the old SQL Azure Manage Portal. But as Microsoft said these missing features will be moved in the preview portal in the couple of next few months. Since the public URL of the developer portal, https://windows.azure.com/, had been changed to point to this preview one, you need to click to preview button on top of the page and click the “Take me to the previous portal” link.   Overview There are four parts in the preview portal. On the top is the header which shows the account you are currently logging in. If you click on the header it will show the top menu of windows azure, where you can navigate to the windows azure home page, the price information page, community and account, etc.. The navigation bar is on the left hand side, with the categories listed below. ALL ITEMS All items in your windows azure account, includes the web sites, services, databases, etc.. WEB SITES The web sites in your windows azure account. It will only show the web sites you have. The linked resources will be shown if you drill down into a web site. VIRTUAL MACHINES The virtual machines that you had been deployed to azure. CLOUD SERVICES All windows azure hosted services in your account. SQL DATABASES All SQL databases (SQL Azure) in your account. STORAGE All windows azure storage services in your account. NETWORKS The virtual network (Windows Azure Connect) you had been created. The available items will be listed in the main part of the page based on which category your currently selected. If there’s no item it will show the link to you to quick create. At the bottom of the page there will be the command and information bar. Based on what is selected and what is performed by the user, it will show the related information and commands. For example, in the image below when I was creating a new web site, the information bar told me that my web site is being provisioned; and there are two commands in the command bar. And once it ready the command bar will show some commands that I can do to my new web site. The “Web Sites” is a new feature introduced alone with this upgrade. It gives us an easier and quicker way to establish a website from the scratch or from some existing library. I will introduce it more details in the coming next post. Also in the command bar you can create a service by clicking the NEW button. It will slide the creation panel up to you.   Where’s My Hosted Services The Windows Azure Hosted Services had been renamed to the Cloud Services. Create a new service would be very easy. Just click the NEW button at the bottom of the page, and select the CLOUD SERVICE and QIUICK CREATE. This will create a blank hosted service without deployment and certificate. It just needs you to specify the service URL and the affinity/region. Then the service will be shown in the list. If you clicked the item all information will be shown in the main part. Since there’s no package deployed to this service so currently we cannot see any information about it. But we can upload the package by using the command at the bottom. And as you can see, we could manage the configuration, instances, certificates and we can scale up and down (change the VM size), in and out (increase and decrease the instance count) to our service. Assuming I had created an ASP.NET MVC 3 web role project in Visual Studio and completed the package. Then I can click the UPLOAD button in this page to deploy my package. In the popping up window I just specify my deployment name, package file and configure file. Also I can check the box below so that it will NOT warn me if only one instance of this deployment. Once we clicked the OK button our package will be uploaded and provisioned by the platform. After a while we can see the service was ready from the information bar. We can have the basic information about this service and deployment if we to the dashboard page. For example the usage overview diagram, status, URL, public IP address, etc.. In the configure page we can view and change the CSCFG content such as the monitor setting, connection strings, OS family. In scale page we can increase and decrease the count of the instances. And in the instances page we can view all instances status. And, if your services is using some SQL databases and storages they will be shown as the linked resources under the linked resources page. And you can manage the certificates of this service as well under the certificates page.   How About My Storage Services The storage service can be managed by clicking into the STORAGES link in the navigation bar. And we can create a new storage service from the NEW button. After specify the storage name and region it will be previsioned by the platform. If you want to copy or manage the storage key you can just click the Manage Keys button at the bottom, which is very easy. What I want to highlight here is that, you can monitor your storage service by enabling the monitor configuration. Click the storage item in the list and navigate to the configure page. As you can see in the page you can enable the monitoring for blob, table and queue. And you can also enable the logging when any requests come to the storage. But as the tooltip shown in the page, enabling the monitoring and logging will increase the usage of the storage, which means increase the bill of them. So make sure you enable them properly.   And My SQL Databases (SQL Azure) The last thing I want to quick introduce is the SQL databases, which was formally named SQL Azure. You can create a new SQL Database Server and a new database by clicking the ADD button under the SQL Database navigation item. In the popping up windows just specify the database name, the edition, size, collation and the server. You can select an existing SQL Database Server if you have, or cerate a new one. If you selected to create a new server, there will be another step you need to do, which is specify the server login, password and the region. Once it ready you can mange your databases as well as the servers in the portal. In a particular server you can update the firewall settings in its Configure page. So, What Else There are some other area on the preview portal I didn’t cover, such as the virtual machines, virtual network and web sites. Regarding the virtual machines and web sites I will talk about them in the future separated post. Regarding the virtual network, it the Windows Azure Connect we are familiar with. But as I mention in the beginning of this post, the preview portal is still under developed. Some features are not available here. For example, you cannot manage the co-admin of your subscriptions, you cannot open the remote desktop on your hosted services, and you cannot navigate to the Windows Azure Service Bus, Access Control and Caching, which formally named Windows Azure AppFabric directly. In these cases you need to navigate back to the old portal. So in the coming several months we might need to use both these two sites.   Summary In this post I quick introduced the new windows azure developer portal. Since it had been rearranged and renamed I demonstrated some features that existing in the old portal, such as how to create and deploy a hosted service, how to provision a storage service and SQL database. All features in the old portal had been, is being and will be migrated into this new portal, but some of them were in a different category and page we need to figure out.   Hope this helps, Shaun All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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  • DON'T MISS: Live Webcast - Nimble SmartStack for Oracle with Cisco UCS (Nov 12)

    - by Zeynep Koch
    You are invited to the live webcast with Nimble Storage, Oracle and Cisco where we will talk about the new SmartStack solution from Nimble Storage that features Oracle Linux, Oracle VM and Cisco UCS products. In this webinar, you will learn how Nimble Storage SmartStack with Oracle and Cisco provides a converged infrastructure for Oracle Database environments with Oracle Linux and Oracle VM. SmartStack, built on best-of-breed components, delivers the performance and reliability needed for deploying Oracle on a single symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) server or Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) on multiple nodes.  When : Tuesday, November 12, 2013, 11:00 AM Pacific Time Panelists: Michele Resta, Director of Linux and Virtualization Alliances, Oracle John McAbel, Senior Product Manager, Cisco Ibby Rahmani, Solutions Marketing, Nimble Storage SmartStack™solutions provide pre-validated reference architectures that speed deployments and minimize risk.      The pre-validated converged infrastructure is based on an Oracle Validated Configuration that includes Oracle Database and Oracle Linux with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel.     The solution components include a Nimble Storage CS-Series array, two Cisco UCS B200 M3 blade servers, Oracle Linux 6 Update 4 with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel, and Oracle Database 11g Release 2 or Oracle Database 12c Release 1.     The Nimble Storage CS-Series is certified with Oracle VM 3.2 providing an even more flexible solution leveraging virtualization for functions such as test and development by delivering excellent random I/O performance in Oracle VM environments. Register today 

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  • Feature Updates to the Windows Azure Portal

    - by Clint Edmonson
    Lots of activity over at the Windows Azure portal this weekend, including some exciting new features and major improvements to existing features. Here are the highlights: Support for Managing Co-administrators Set up account co-administrators to allow others to share service management duties for each Azure subscription Import/Export support for SQL Databases Export existing SQL Azure databases to blob storage using SQL Server 2012’s BACPAC format. Create a new SQL Azure database from an existing BACPAC stored in blob storage Storage Container Management and Access Control Create blob storage containers directly within the portal Edit their public/private access settings Drill into storage containers and see the blobs contained within them Improved Cloud Service Status Notifications Detailed health status information about cloud services and roles as they transition between states Virtual Machine Experience Enhancements Option to automatically delete corresponding VHD files from blob storage when deleting VM disks Service Bus Management and Monitoring Ability to create and manage service bus Namespaces, Queues, Topics, Relays and Subscriptions Rich monitoring of Topics, Queues, and Subscriptions with detailed and customizable dashboard metrics Entity status (Topic, Queue, or Subscription) can be changed interactively via dashboard Direct links to the Access Control Services (ACS) namespaces when working with service bus access keys Media Services Monitoring Support Monitor encoding jobs that are queued for processing as well as active, failed and queued tasks for encoding jobs The above features are all now live in production and available to use immediately.  If you don’t already have a Windows Azure account, you can sign-up for a free trial and start using them today. Stay tuned to my twitter feed for Windows Azure announcements, updates, and links: @clinted Reference ID: P7VVJCM38V8R

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  • C# 4: The Curious ConcurrentDictionary

    - by James Michael Hare
    In my previous post (here) I did a comparison of the new ConcurrentQueue versus the old standard of a System.Collections.Generic Queue with simple locking.  The results were exactly what I would have hoped, that the ConcurrentQueue was faster with multi-threading for most all situations.  In addition, concurrent collections have the added benefit that you can enumerate them even if they're being modified. So I set out to see what the improvements would be for the ConcurrentDictionary, would it have the same performance benefits as the ConcurrentQueue did?  Well, after running some tests and multiple tweaks and tunes, I have good and bad news. But first, let's look at the tests.  Obviously there's many things we can do with a dictionary.  One of the most notable uses, of course, in a multi-threaded environment is for a small, local in-memory cache.  So I set about to do a very simple simulation of a cache where I would create a test class that I'll just call an Accessor.  This accessor will attempt to look up a key in the dictionary, and if the key exists, it stops (i.e. a cache "hit").  However, if the lookup fails, it will then try to add the key and value to the dictionary (i.e. a cache "miss").  So here's the Accessor that will run the tests: 1: internal class Accessor 2: { 3: public int Hits { get; set; } 4: public int Misses { get; set; } 5: public Func<int, string> GetDelegate { get; set; } 6: public Action<int, string> AddDelegate { get; set; } 7: public int Iterations { get; set; } 8: public int MaxRange { get; set; } 9: public int Seed { get; set; } 10:  11: public void Access() 12: { 13: var randomGenerator = new Random(Seed); 14:  15: for (int i=0; i<Iterations; i++) 16: { 17: // give a wide spread so will have some duplicates and some unique 18: var target = randomGenerator.Next(1, MaxRange); 19:  20: // attempt to grab the item from the cache 21: var result = GetDelegate(target); 22:  23: // if the item doesn't exist, add it 24: if(result == null) 25: { 26: AddDelegate(target, target.ToString()); 27: Misses++; 28: } 29: else 30: { 31: Hits++; 32: } 33: } 34: } 35: } Note that so I could test different implementations, I defined a GetDelegate and AddDelegate that will call the appropriate dictionary methods to add or retrieve items in the cache using various techniques. So let's examine the three techniques I decided to test: Dictionary with mutex - Just your standard generic Dictionary with a simple lock construct on an internal object. Dictionary with ReaderWriterLockSlim - Same Dictionary, but now using a lock designed to let multiple readers access simultaneously and then locked when a writer needs access. ConcurrentDictionary - The new ConcurrentDictionary from System.Collections.Concurrent that is supposed to be optimized to allow multiple threads to access safely. So the approach to each of these is also fairly straight-forward.  Let's look at the GetDelegate and AddDelegate implementations for the Dictionary with mutex lock: 1: var addDelegate = (key,val) => 2: { 3: lock (_mutex) 4: { 5: _dictionary[key] = val; 6: } 7: }; 8: var getDelegate = (key) => 9: { 10: lock (_mutex) 11: { 12: string val; 13: return _dictionary.TryGetValue(key, out val) ? val : null; 14: } 15: }; Nothing new or fancy here, just your basic lock on a private object and then query/insert into the Dictionary. Now, for the Dictionary with ReadWriteLockSlim it's a little more complex: 1: var addDelegate = (key,val) => 2: { 3: _readerWriterLock.EnterWriteLock(); 4: _dictionary[key] = val; 5: _readerWriterLock.ExitWriteLock(); 6: }; 7: var getDelegate = (key) => 8: { 9: string val; 10: _readerWriterLock.EnterReadLock(); 11: if(!_dictionary.TryGetValue(key, out val)) 12: { 13: val = null; 14: } 15: _readerWriterLock.ExitReadLock(); 16: return val; 17: }; And finally, the ConcurrentDictionary, which since it does all it's own concurrency control, is remarkably elegant and simple: 1: var addDelegate = (key,val) => 2: { 3: _concurrentDictionary[key] = val; 4: }; 5: var getDelegate = (key) => 6: { 7: string s; 8: return _concurrentDictionary.TryGetValue(key, out s) ? s : null; 9: };                    Then, I set up a test harness that would simply ask the user for the number of concurrent Accessors to attempt to Access the cache (as specified in Accessor.Access() above) and then let them fly and see how long it took them all to complete.  Each of these tests was run with 10,000,000 cache accesses divided among the available Accessor instances.  All times are in milliseconds. 1: Dictionary with Mutex Locking 2: --------------------------------------------------- 3: Accessors Mostly Misses Mostly Hits 4: 1 7916 3285 5: 10 8293 3481 6: 100 8799 3532 7: 1000 8815 3584 8:  9:  10: Dictionary with ReaderWriterLockSlim Locking 11: --------------------------------------------------- 12: Accessors Mostly Misses Mostly Hits 13: 1 8445 3624 14: 10 11002 4119 15: 100 11076 3992 16: 1000 14794 4861 17:  18:  19: Concurrent Dictionary 20: --------------------------------------------------- 21: Accessors Mostly Misses Mostly Hits 22: 1 17443 3726 23: 10 14181 1897 24: 100 15141 1994 25: 1000 17209 2128 The first test I did across the board is the Mostly Misses category.  The mostly misses (more adds because data requested was not in the dictionary) shows an interesting trend.  In both cases the Dictionary with the simple mutex lock is much faster, and the ConcurrentDictionary is the slowest solution.  But this got me thinking, and a little research seemed to confirm it, maybe the ConcurrentDictionary is more optimized to concurrent "gets" than "adds".  So since the ratio of misses to hits were 2 to 1, I decided to reverse that and see the results. So I tweaked the data so that the number of keys were much smaller than the number of iterations to give me about a 2 to 1 ration of hits to misses (twice as likely to already find the item in the cache than to need to add it).  And yes, indeed here we see that the ConcurrentDictionary is indeed faster than the standard Dictionary here.  I have a strong feeling that as the ration of hits-to-misses gets higher and higher these number gets even better as well.  This makes sense since the ConcurrentDictionary is read-optimized. Also note that I tried the tests with capacity and concurrency hints on the ConcurrentDictionary but saw very little improvement, I think this is largely because on the 10,000,000 hit test it quickly ramped up to the correct capacity and concurrency and thus the impact was limited to the first few milliseconds of the run. So what does this tell us?  Well, as in all things, ConcurrentDictionary is not a panacea.  It won't solve all your woes and it shouldn't be the only Dictionary you ever use.  So when should we use each? Use System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary when: You need a single-threaded Dictionary (no locking needed). You need a multi-threaded Dictionary that is loaded only once at creation and never modified (no locking needed). You need a multi-threaded Dictionary to store items where writes are far more prevalent than reads (locking needed). And use System.Collections.Concurrent.ConcurrentDictionary when: You need a multi-threaded Dictionary where the writes are far more prevalent than reads. You need to be able to iterate over the collection without locking it even if its being modified. Both Dictionaries have their strong suits, I have a feeling this is just one where you need to know from design what you hope to use it for and make your decision based on that criteria.

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  • PHP + Code Igniter Timecode Calculation Logic Error

    - by Tim
    Hello everyone, I have what I suspect to be a logic problem with an algorithm I am using to work with Video timecode in PHP. All help is appreciated. The Objective Well basically I want to work with timecode and perform calculations For those not familiar with timecode it looks like this 01:10:58:12 or HH:MM:SS:FF 'AKA' HOURS:MINUTES:SECONDS:FRAMES I have used the script from HERE to help me with working with this format. The Problem Now can i just say that this script works!!! Timecode calculations (in this case additions) are being performed correctly. However this script continually throws the following errors, yet still produces the correct output when I try and do the following calculation 00:01:26:00 + 00:02:00:12 The errors from this calculation are shown below A PHP Error was encountered Severity: Notice Message: Undefined index: key Filename: staff/tools.php Line Number: 169 A PHP Error was encountered Severity: Notice Message: Undefined index: key Filename: staff/tools.php Line Number: 169 Line Number 169 is in the parseInput() function // feed it into the tc array $i=0; foreach ($tc AS $key=>$value) { if ( is_numeric($array["$i"]) ) { $tc["$key"]= $array["$i"]; if ($tc["$key"] < 10 && $tc["$key"] > 0 && strlen($tc['key'])==1 ) $tc["$key"]= "0".$tc["$key"]; } $i++; } return $tc; Now I should also mention that the number of times the above error is thrown depends on what I am calculating 00:00:00:00 + 00:00:00:00 returns no errors. 01:01:01:01 + 02:02:02:02 produces 8 of the above errors. For your reference, here is the code in it's entirety function add_cue_sheet_clips_process() { $sheetID = $_POST['sheet_id']; $clipName = $_POST['clip_name']; $tcIn = $_POST['tc_in']; $tcOut = $_POST['tc_out']; // string $input // returns an associative array of hours, minutes, seconds, and frames // function parseInput ($input) { // timecode should look something like hh:mm:ss;ff // allowed separators are : ; . , // values may be single or double digits // hours are least-significant -- 5.4 == 00:00:05;04 $tc= array("frames"=>"00", "seconds"=>"00", "minutes"=>"00", "hours"=>"00"); $punct= array(":", ";", ".", ","); // too big? too small? $input= trim($input); if (strlen($input)>11 || $input=="") { // invalid input, too long -- bzzt return $tc; } // normalize punctuation $input= str_replace( $punct, ":", $input); // blow it up and reverse it so frames come first $array= explode(":", $input); $array= array_reverse($array); // feed it into the tc array $i=0; foreach ($tc AS $key=>$value) { if ( is_numeric($array["$i"]) ) { $tc["$key"]= $array["$i"]; if ($tc["$key"] < 10 && $tc["$key"] > 0 && strlen($tc['key'])==1 ) $tc["$key"]= "0".$tc["$key"]; } $i++; } return $tc; } // array $tc // returns a float number of seconds // function tcToSec($tc) { $wholeseconds= ($tc['hours']*3600) + ($tc['minutes'] * 60) + ($tc['seconds']); $partseconds= ( $tc['frames'] / 25 ); $seconds= $wholeseconds + $partseconds; return $seconds; } // float $seconds // bool $subtract // returns a timecode array // function secToTc ($seconds=0, $subtract=0) { $tc= array("frames"=>"00", "seconds"=>"00", "minutes"=>"00", "hours"=>"00"); $partseconds= fmod($seconds, 1); $wholeseconds= $seconds - $partseconds; // frames if ($subtract==1) $tc['frames']= floor( $partseconds * 25 ); else $tc['frames']= floor( $partseconds * 25 ); // hours $tc['hours']= floor( $wholeseconds / 3600 ); $minsec= ($wholeseconds - ($tc['hours'] * 3600)); // minutes $tc['minutes']= floor( $minsec / 60 ); // seconds $tc['seconds']= ( $minsec - ($tc['minutes'] * 60) ); // padding foreach ( $tc AS $key=>$value ) { if ($value > 0 && $value < 10) $tc["$key"]= "0".$value; if ($value=="0") $tc["$key"]= "00"; } return $tc; } // array $tc // returns string of well-formed timecode // function tcToString (&$tc) { return $tc['hours'].":".$tc['minutes'].":".$tc['seconds'].";".$tc['frames']; } $timecodeIN = parseInput($tcIn); $timecodeOUT = parseInput($tcOut); // normalized inputs... $tc1 = tcToString($timecodeIN); $tc2 = tcToString($timecodeOUT); // get seconds $seconds1 = tcToSec($timecodeIN); $seconds2 = tcToSec($timecodeOUT); $result = $seconds1 + $seconds2; $timecode3 = secToTc($result, 0); $timecodeDUR = tcToString($timecode3); $clipArray = array('clip_name' => $clipName, 'tc_in' => $tcIn, 'tc_out' => $tcOut, 'tc_duration' => $timecodeDUR); $this->db->insert('tools_cue_sheets_clips', $clipArray); redirect('staff/tools/add_cue_sheet_clips/'.$sheetID); } I hope this is enough information for someone to help me get on top of this, I would be extremely greatful. Thanks, Tim

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  • wierd keyboard problem

    - by Sebastian
    just installed ubuntu on a acer extensa 5620 laptop. The keyboard works fine except when i want to type things that require me to use ctrl+alt+(any key), i can't use ctrl+alt+(any key) in any program, I can open terminal with ctrl+alt+t tho... and ctrl+(any key) and alt+(any key) seems to work. Also I just installed the game Heroes of Newerth and neither alt or ctrl key seems to work in the game. Any answer would be appreciated!

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  • How to get data out of a Maxtor Shared Storage II that fails to boot?

    - by Jonik
    I've got a Maxtor Shared Storage II (RAID1 mode) which has developed some hardware failure, apparently: it fails to boot properly and is unreachable via network. When powering it on, it keeps making clunking/chirping disk noise and then sort of resets itself (with a flash of orange light in the usually-green LEDs); it then repeats this as if stuck in a loop. In fact, even the power button does nothing now – the only way I can affect the device at all is to plug in or pull out the power cord! (To be clear, I've come to regard this piece of garbage (which cost about 460 €) as my worst tech purchase ever. Even before this failure I had encountered many annoyances about the drive: 1) the software to manage it is rather crappy; 2) it is way noisier that what this type of device should be; 3) when your Mac comes out of sleep, Maxtor's "EasyManage" cannot re-mount the drive automatically.) Anyway, the question at hand is how to get my data out of it? As a very concrete first step, is there a way to open this thing without breaking the plastic casing into pieces? It is far from obvious to me how to get beyond this stage; it opens a little from one end but not from the other. If I somehow got the disks out, I could try mounting the disk(s) on one of the Macs or Linux boxes I have available (although I don't know yet if I'd need some adapters for that). (NB: for the purposes of this question, never mind any warranty or replacement issues – that's secondary to recovering the data.)

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  • Why does my simple Raid 1 backup storage perform really slow sometimes?

    - by randomguy
    I bought 2x Samsung F3 EcoGreen 2TB hard disks to make a backup storage. I put them in Raid 1 (mirror) mode. Made a single partition and formatted it to NTFS, running Windows 7. For some reason, accessing the drive's contents (simply by navigating folders) is sometimes really slow. Like opening D:/photos/ can sometimes take several seconds before it starts showing any of the folder's contents. Same applies for other folders. What could be causing this and what could I do to improve the performance? I remember that there was an option somewhere inside Windows to choose fast access but less reliable persistence operations (read/write). It was a tick inside some dialog. At the time, it felt like a good idea to take the tick away from the option and get more reliable persistence but slower access, but now I'm regretting. I'm unable to find this dialog.. I've looked hard. I don't know, if it would make any difference. Oh, and I've ran scan disk and defrag on the drive. No errors and speed isn't improved.

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  • How do you fix a MySQL “Incorrect key file” error when you can’t repair the table?

    - by Wayne M
    I'm trying to run a rather large query that is supposed to run nightly to populate a table. I'm getting an error saying Incorrect key file for table '/var/tmp/#sql_201e_0.MYI'; try to repair it but the storage engine I'm using (whatever the default is, I guess?) doesn't support repairing tables. how do I fix this so I can run the query? We are under pressure to get this table loaded for a client.

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