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  • Lost HDD partition to clean command, testdisk unresponsive

    - by Sujay Anjankar
    I accidentally cleaned my external HDD by the clean command in Diskpart and got a full sized heart attack after that. I did some research and I have tried a number of tools already. To name a few: Testdisk Recuva Partition Find and mount Eassos Recovery I have even tried some other dumb sounding tools, but none of them could find the lost partition. They just show "no partition found". Testdisk shows Partition sector doesn't have the endmark 0xAA55. The file recovery softwares list the files, but none of them seem to be able to restore the lost partition. I need to recover the disk as it was. Any help would be much appreciated!

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  • How harmful is a hard disk spin cycle?

    - by Gilles
    It is conventional wisdom¹ that each time you spin a hard disk down and back up, you shave some time off its life expectancy. The topic has been discussed before: Is turning off hard disks harmful? What's the effect of standby (spindown) mode on modern hard drives? Common explanations for why spindowns and spinups are harmful are that they induce more stress on the mechanical parts than ordinary running, and that they cause heat variations that are harmful to the device mechanics. Is there any data showing quantitatively how bad a spin cycle is? That is, how much life expectancy does a spin cycle cost? Or, more practically, if I know that I'm not going to need a disk for X seconds, how large should X be to warrant spinning down? ¹ But conventional wisdom has been wrong before; for example, it is commonly held that hard disks should be kept as cool as possible, but the one published study on the topic shows that cooler drives actually fail more. This study is no help here since all the disks surveyed were powered on 24/7.

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  • Zabbix machine is going crazy with HD writes!

    - by gshankar
    I recently installed Zabbix on a Ubuntu box I had sitting around. It's only monitoring 2 servers but I've noticed that it's continuously smashing the HD with writes. I don't remember Zabbix being this resource heavy when I've used it in the past... Any ideas on why this is happening and what I can do about it? Running iotop gives me this: 1710 be/4 mysql 0.00 B/s 102.12 K/s 0.00 % 0.00 % mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock --port=3306 1723 be/4 mysql 0.00 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 0.00 % mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld I'm pretty sure it's Zabbix that's causing all that mysql activity as it's the only thing which uses mysql which is running on the box...

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  • What is the fastest way to resize a large partition?

    - by Jook
    Due to a new HDD-Configuration I am currently handling larger backup/resize tasks with partitions between around 900MB, wich are 70-90% full. some background: First thing I've noticed was, that the Acronis-WesternDigital TrueImage was extremly slow while running it under Windows 7, even though on high priority. To create a normal backup for 650gb of data (900gb partition), it would have taken 3 days! The same task done with the boot-cd version of this acronis version took about 2 hours (SATA3 copy from one disk to another, both around 110MB/s). Now, after I have done all my backups, I've wanted to remove some obsolete partitions and resize the leftovers to full hdd size. Of course, usually this takes quite some time - in this case for this 900gb partition, to extend it to 931 (30gb+ from front, 1gb+ from end), it will take around 6 hours (using gparted)! Had I new that erlier, I would have just restored the image. But no - first it showed a reasonable time of 1:45h and 0 of 1 operations, but after finishing 1:45h it started again, only this time with 4h to go, still 0 of 1 operations, but now it was copying instead of moving. Question: However, why has it to be this slow to resize a partition? I am asking for a good explanaition. This has bugged me, since I started partitioning - why does it require to copy all the data around, can't it just stay in place?!

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  • How much of slow and fast flash memory a "flash memory" have? [migrated]

    - by gsc-frank
    Trying to know what is the best of my flash memories to use ReadyBoost I realize that I don't know how much of fast flash memory each of my flash drives have. One can read: In some situations, you might not be able to use all of the memory on your device to speed up your computer. For example, some flash memory devices contain both slow and fast flash memory, but ReadyBoost can only use fast flash memory to speed up your computer. From http://windows.microsoft.com/is-IS/windows7/Using-memory-in-your-storage-device-to-speed-up-your-computer

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  • hdd fail, allows format, allows copy

    - by Bogdan
    Hello I have a problem with a Fujitsu laptop. Some kid played with it and now the hdd is a wreck. I can't install Windows XP, Windows 7 or Linux. I checked with hiren's boot for bad sector did a chdisk on it says I don't have any bad sectors, on smart says is active but status error. I tried format and it worked, I tried copying files using a live CD and it worked, but when I try to install the OS it says it can't format, or it can't copy files.

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  • JBD: Spotted dirty metadata buffer

    - by Jake Mach
    Sep 25 22:19:38 host kernel: [7798806.146942] JBD: Spotted dirty metadata buffer (dev = loop0, blocknr = 267). There's a risk of filesystem corruption in case of system crash. Sep 25 22:19:38 host kernel: [7798806.146956] JBD: Spotted dirty metadata buffer (dev = loop0, blocknr = 1). There's a risk of filesystem corruption in case of system crash. Sep 25 22:19:38 host kernel: [7798806.146967] JBD: Spotted dirty metadata buffer (dev = loop0, blocknr = 353). There's a risk of filesystem corruption in case of system crash. Sep 25 22:19:38 host kernel: [7798806.147121] JBD: Spotted dirty metadata buffer (dev = loop0, blocknr = 353). There's a risk of filesystem corruption in case of system crash. Sep 25 22:19:38 host kernel: [7798806.147133] JBD: Spotted dirty metadata buffer (dev = loop0, blocknr = 1). There's a risk of filesystem corruption in case of system crash. Sep 25 22:19:38 host kernel: [7798806.147143] JBD: Spotted dirty metadata buffer (dev = loop0, blocknr = 267). There's a risk of filesystem corruption in case of system crash. [7817859.850517] EXT4-fs error (device loop0): ext4_mb_generate_buddy: EXT4-fs: group 1: 28618 blocks in bitmap, 29028 in gd what does this mean? how did this happen?

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  • Web-based disk space visualizer

    - by Martijn
    I have a number of Linux webservers for which I'd like to track where disk space is going and keep disk space to a minimum. Typically I login on SSH and use du to find out where disk space is wasted but this is cumbersome and slow. A visualisation tool like KDirStat would be ideal, but it requires installing an X server at the very least, which kind of defeats the purpose. Is there any web-based disk space visualizer? I'm open to alternative solutions.

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  • Ports do not open after rules appended in iptables

    - by user2699451
    I have a server that I am trying to setup for OpenVPN. I have followed all the steps, but I see that when I try to connect to it in Windows, it doesn't allow me, it just hangs on connecting, so I did a nmap scan and I see that port 1194 is not open so naturally I append the rule to open 1194 with: iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 1194 -j ACCEPT followed by service iptables save and service iptables restart which all executed successfully. Then I try again, but it doesn't work and another nmap scan says that port 1194 is closed. Here is the iptables configuration: # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.7 on Thu Oct 31 09:47:38 2013 *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [27410:3091993] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [5042:376160] -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -j SNAT --to-source 41.185.26.238 -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE COMMIT # Completed on Thu Oct 31 09:47:38 2013 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.7 on Thu Oct 31 09:47:38 2013 *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [23571:2869068] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [27558:3656524] :vl - [0:0] -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 5252 -m comment --comment "SSH Secure" -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -$ -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m comment --comment "SSH" -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -m comment --comment "HTTP" -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 8080 -m comment --comment "HTTPS" -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -m comment --comment "HTTP Encrypted" -j ACCEP$ -A INPUT -i eth0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 1723 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i eth0 -p gre -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 1194 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i ppp+ -o eth0 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -i eth0 -o ppp+ -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -s 10.8.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT -A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable -A OUTPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j A$ COMMIT # Completed on Thu Oct 31 09:47:38 2013 and my nmap scan from: localhost: nmap localhost Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-10-31 09:53 SAST Nmap scan report for localhost (127.0.0.1) Host is up (0.000011s latency). Other addresses for localhost (not scanned): 127.0.0.1 Not shown: 996 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 25/tcp open smtp 443/tcp open https 1723/tcp open pptp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.06 seconds remote pc: nmap [server ip] Starting Nmap 6.00 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-10-31 09:53 SAST Nmap scan report for rla04-nix1.wadns.net (41.185.26.238) Host is up (0.025s latency). Not shown: 858 filtered ports, 139 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 443/tcp open https 8008/tcp open http Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 15.70 seconds So, I do not know what is causing this, any assistance will be appreciated! UPDATE AFTER FIRST ANSWER::: [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# iptables -A FORWARD -s 10.8.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# iptables -A FORWARD -j REJECT [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# service iptables save iptables: Saving firewall rules to /etc/sysconfig/iptables:[ OK ] [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# service iptables restart iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ] iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter nat [ OK ] iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ] iptables: Applying firewall rules: [ OK ] [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# lsof -i :1194 -bash: lsof: command not found iptables -L -n Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:5252 /* SSH Secure */ ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 8 state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 /* SSH */ ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 /* HTTP */ ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8080 /* HTTPS */ ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:443 /* HTTP Encrypted */ ACCEPT tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:1723 ACCEPT 47 -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ACCEPT udp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:1194 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- 10.8.0.0/24 0.0.0.0/0 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable ACCEPT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED ACCEPT all -- 10.8.0.0/24 0.0.0.0/0 REJECT all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-port-unreachable Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT icmp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 icmp type 0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED Chain vl (0 references) target prot opt source destination [root@RLA04-NIX1 ~]# nmap localhostt Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-10-31 11:13 SAST remote pc nmap [server ip] Starting Nmap 6.00 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-10-31 11:11 SAST Nmap scan report for rla04-nix1.wadns.net (41.185.26.238) Host is up (0.020s latency). Not shown: 858 filtered ports, 139 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 443/tcp open https 8008/tcp open http Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 4.18 seconds localhost nmap localhost Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-10-31 11:13 SAST Nmap scan report for localhost (127.0.0.1) Host is up (0.000011s latency). Other addresses for localhost (not scanned): 127.0.0.1 Not shown: 996 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 25/tcp open smtp 443/tcp open https 1723/tcp open pptp Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.06 seconds UPDATE AFTER SCANNING UDP PORTS Sorry, I am noob, I am still learning, but here is the output for: nmap -sU [server ip] Starting Nmap 6.00 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-10-31 11:33 SAST Nmap scan report for [server address] ([server ip]) Host is up (0.021s latency). Not shown: 997 open|filtered ports PORT STATE SERVICE 53/udp closed domain 123/udp closed ntp 33459/udp closed unknown Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 8.57 seconds btw, no changes have been made since post started (except for iptables changes)

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  • What are the differences between MBR vs GPT vs any other partition scheme?

    - by Safran Ali
    Can anyone tell me what the main differences between i.e. MBR vs GPT or any other partition scheme are? Why would one choose one over the other? I am not an expert but from new release of Mac OS X which includes a feature called Time Machine, which I find highly useful. GPT is the requirement for Mac OS X Lion ... so on this basis I would say that GPT is more useful than MBR. What other partition schemes are there and which one should be used in which situation?

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  • How can I disable the automatic switch to "library" mode in Windows 7's Media Player 12?

    - by matthews
    Whenever I plug any USB device into my computer while running Windows Media Player 12 in Windows 7, it will automatically swtich the player from the Now Playing mode to Library mode. This is intended to faciliate syncing between Media Player and MP3 players, but it happens for any USB device. I'd like this to not happen since it's infuriating to see this take place while I'm watching something on a separate screen in Media Player just from plugging in a USB key. This has nothing to do with Windows autorun, and nothing to do with versions of Windows pre-7. And no, switching to some other video player is not an option; I've tried them all, none are as good as stock Media Player in 7.

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  • Western Digital not recognized by Windows after power Outage on windows

    - by vikasde
    I have WD Essential Plus 1.5TB (formatted in NTFS). It was working fine under windows and mac mini. While it was connected to the mac mini, I had an power outage and now the HD is not being recognized under windows anymore. Now on the mac mini the HD is fine and I can see my data. When I use ActiveBootDisk under windows, then I can see the data as well. I updated the drivers on windows machine and also updated the firmware on the HD, but its still not being recognized. Is there any way for me to fix the HD under windows without having to re-format it?

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  • Windows server's HDD Spin down daily/nightly - Does it makes sense?

    - by Riccardo
    A Windows Server 2003 R2 has the following hard disk configuration: - 3 internal hard disks attached to a 3Ware unit, configured in Raid 1 + spare unit - 3 external USB backup disks: 2 Verbatim 1TB (Samsung HD103SI) + 1 Western Digital 1TB (WD10EADS) The server runs 365 days per year, h24, however: - at daytime the server/user usage is limited to the internal hard disks - at nighttime there's no user usage, apart from scheduled maintenance tasks, basically the Server will be idle from 7PM to 8AM. apart from nighly backups (few hours). I was wondering if: (a) it makes any sense let Windows manage power savings, allowing disks to spin down accordingly, ** OR** let the disks stay awlays-on, to avoid permature wearing, due to continuous spin up/down (b) leave internal disks always on, and force external disks to power down while idle (this requires third party tools, such as Verbatim's Green button utility) Your thoughts?

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  • New standalone ESXi 5 deployments - USB versus SD card?

    - by ewwhite
    Now that the old full VMWare ESX with service console is no longer, I'm redeploying some standalone ESXi servers. I'm using HP ProLiant ML and DL G6 and G7 servers. Does it make more sense to utilize the internal USB port for ESXi or the internal SD card slot? I'm using the HP ESXi 5 build, but am not sure what the recommended practice is. Any recommendations on cards/USB drives for this purpose? BTW - these will be all-in-one storage servers with the onboard disk storage presented via PCIe passthrough.

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  • Restoring the exact state of a linux install to a different laptop with different sized drives and other hardware

    - by user259774
    I have an IBM running a Manjaro install that has already been used and settled into, with packages installed, browser profiles, etc, etc. The drive is 60gb, and it has a swap partition and an ext4 root partition. I need to move this profile to a Toshiba computer with a 320gb drive. How should I go about this? My inclination would be to shut down the toshiba, boot a live linux system, dd the whole 60gb drive to a file, boot the toshiba to a live system, then dd the file to its 320gb drive. Would this work? I know that it wouldn't with windows, but I believe this is an artificially imposed limitation from Microsoft. Is this correct, or is Linux similarly limited? If not, how could I go about this? Would clonezilla work, or would the hardware disparities prevent it from working?

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  • Diagnosing high CPU waiting

    - by Will
    I have a monitoring server that is running icinga/collectd/graphite with about 50 hosts. I have noticed high load/slugging performance on the box. If you take a look at top, you'll see: Cpu(s): 0.6%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 7.6%id, 23.4%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st Notice the HUGE %wa value, which as far as I know means a network or disk bottleneck. ifconfig shows no dropping packets and there's not a ton of bandwidth going on, so that leaves disk issues, right? There's not a lot of disk writing going on either...iotop is reporting we're only writing a little over 1 MB per second and the RAID tool reports everything is A-OK and write caching is enabled. How do I go about trying to figure out how to fix this? UPDATE: iostat -x output is: avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 0.62 0.10 0.31 9.65 0.00 89.31 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sda 0.21 33.34 83.55 16.54 1599.94 399.07 19.97 43.21 416.98 3.71 37.13

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