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  • To what extent is size a factor in SSD performance?

    - by artif
    To what extent is the size of an SSD a factor in its performance? In my mind, correct me if I'm wrong, a bigger SSD should be, everything else being equal, faster than a smaller one. A bigger SSD would have more erase blocks and thus more leeway for the FTL (flash translation layer) to do garbage collection optimization. Also there would be more time before TRIM became necessary. I see on Wikipedia that it remarks that "The performance of the SSD can scale with the number of parallel NAND flash chips used in the device" so it seems throughput also increases significantly. Also many SSDs contain internal caches of some sort and presumably those caches are larger for correspondingly large SSDs. But supposing this effect exists, I would like a quantitative analysis. Does throughput increase linearly? How much is garbage collection impacted, if at all? Does latency stay the same? And so on. Would the performance of a 8 GB SSD be significantly different from, for example, an 80 GB SSD assuming both used high quality chips, controllers, etc? Are there any resources (webpages, research papers, presentations, books, etc) that discuss correlations between SSD performance (4 KB random write speed, latency, maximum sequential throughput, etc) and size? I realize this does not really sound like a programming question but it is relevant for what I'm working on (using flash for caching hard drive data) which does involve programming. If there is a better place to ask this question, eg a more hardware oriented site, what would that be? Something like the equivalent of stack overflow (or perhaps a forum) for in-depth questions on hardware interfaces, internals, etc would be appreciated.

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  • DSL Connection drops

    - by user60024
    Ok, I just moved so I had to switch from Cable to DSL. I know very little about computers or internet connections and such, so I had AT&T come out to the new house to set up their highest speed. When they got here, they told me that I needed to downgrade to 3.5mbps because I was too far away. Well we did and everything was going great for two days until I started experiencing random disconnects which have been happening now for about 2 to 3 weeks. I am using a N300 Wireless Dual Band ADSL2+ Modem Router and my ethernet cable is hooked directly into my computer from it. I recently started to notice that it disconnects around 5:30 and 8:30, which may be because a lot of people are on their computers(?) and that it works perfectly fine, almost, all the time if I'm not playing a game. During this time, when I try to load up World of Warcraft the Internet light disappears and the DSL light begins blinking. (So maybe it's too much for the modem and it resets?) Other than that it is amazing, but I'd like to try and fix some of these problems. If you need more information, let me know on how to get it for you and what to do. Thanks for the help!

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  • What Windows app can sort a huge XML file?

    - by Torben Gundtofte-Bruun
    I have some enormous XML-based configuration files, with 125000 lines in them. The problem is that they are auto-generated by the system I use, and "child" tags are in a random order within their respective parent tag. This means that a diff comparison is impossible. I want to recursively sort all tags within a parent tag by the value in name="". Some parent tags only appear once and don't have a name="" parameter; these should be sorted by the tag name itself. Once the files are sorted like this, they can be compared quite easily using normal tools. We are currently using ExamXML which can match unsorted XML files, but it fails because the files are too big. Is there an application that can do this? (Windows much preferred; Linux only as a last resort) I do not want to dive into development or XSLT jobs. I am thinking that someone must have made a simple sorting tool like this already - I just can't find it using Google. Update: With help from this site, I created a small package that I want to share: XML-Sorter_v0.3.zip Update: Follow-up question here.

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  • Xen virtual host can reach some sites but not others

    - by Tun H S Lee
    Okay, this is killing me. Debian Squeeze, Xen 4.0, brand new install. No iptables rules whatsoever except for the ones added by the default xen bridge script. Dom0 can reach the entire world, no problems. DomU can receive packets from some hosts, but not from others. For instance, if I ping Host A, it works fine. If I ping Host B, the DomU reports 100% packet loss. The hosts are random, but consistent (even after reboots). I can see no pattern to why some work and others don't. In fact, in some cases, different virtual hosts on the same server (an other server at a different data center) are divided; some work and others do not. I can reboot (DomU or Dom0 too) and the same hosts will work or fail as before. If I tcpdump on the Host B while pinging from the DomU, everything looks fine. It sees the echo request coming in and says it's sending one back. However, if I tcpdump peth0 on the Dom0, it never sees the echo reply. Any ideas what could be happening? I'm tearing my hair out here.

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  • Why is my cron daemon is being killed every few minutes?

    - by user113215
    As of about a week ago, my cron daemon refuses to stay running. I'm using Debian 6 x64 on an OpenVZ virtual machine. Running something like pgrep cron shows that the daemon isn't running. I start the service with service cron start or /etc/init.d/cron start and it launches, but it disappears from the running process list after a few minutes (varying anywhere between 1 - 30 minutes before the process is killed again). Using strace -f service cron start, I can see that the process is being killed for some reason: nanosleep({60, 0}, <unfinished ...> +++ killed by SIGKILL +++ There's nothing relevant in /var/log/syslog, /var/log/messages, /var/log/auth.log, or /var/log/kern.log to explain why the the process is dying. The system has at least 800 MB of free memory, and cat /proc/loadavg returns 0.22 0.13 0.04 so resources shouldn't be the issue. With cron running, free -m reports: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 1024 211 812 0 0 0 -/+ buffers/cache: 211 812 Swap: 0 0 0 I also tried removing and reinstalling the cron package using apt-get. Update: I initially thought the problem was a resource issues. I erased my entire VPS and started from a fresh Debian image. There is now nothing else running on the system, but even from a clean install my cron daemon is still being killed at random. What else should I check? How do I find out what's killing my crond?

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  • Configuring Vmware virtual machines to run under different IPs and PC specs

    - by Alex
    Right now I'm using a simple VmWare virtual machine with preinstalled Win 7. The IP is assigned automatically (it's the same as main OS IP). Is it possible to create several virtual machines that have different hardware specifications and different IP addresses? Here is what I mean regarding these issues: Specs: Certainly, you can easily change some specifications in the Settings menu (RAM size, HDD size), but what about advanced settings? For example: advanced settings for the Processor: is it AMD (2500+,4000+, etc.. ) or Intel (core 2, Pentium, etc..) Ram - is it Corsair 4 Gb 1333 Mhz or Kingston 2 x 2 Gb 866Mhz or something else? Hdd - Is it Seagate Barracuda 80 gb 5400 Rpm or is it Samsung 500Gb 7200 Rpm or some random SSD? Programs that work under a Virtual Machine shouldn't have a clue if that's a VmWare or not. IPs: Every program that's launched under main OS use the real IP: 93.56.xx.xx All programs that are launched under virtual machine A use IP 1: 74.78.xx.xx All programs that are launched under virtual machine B use IP 2: 84.159.xx.xx I believe that you have to use either VPN or Proxy to solve this problem. The Sum Up: The idea is to create 2-3 independent virtual machines with different hardware specifications and IP addresses. Programs that work under a certain Virtual Machine shouldn't have a clue if that's a VmWare or the real PC. Any ideas/tips or experience regarding configuration will be appreciated!

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  • Redmine does not return the web page

    - by m0skit0
    I migrated a Redmine installation from an Ubuntu machine to a Debian one (both 32-bits), and now for some reason, for some users it doesn't return the page but only a 200 OK message. Here is the flow (from Wireshark): GET /issues/142 HTTP/1.1 Host: debian:3000 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux i686; rv:17.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/17.0 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Connection: keep-alive Cookie: _redmine_session=BAh7DCIQX2NzcmZfdG9rZW4iMStIM1RBNTlNelZVUXlUazgrR1pUNGUvNGdEbytUZzRyMVFSUnBvNGhlSDg9Ihd0aW1lbG9nX2luZGV4X3NvcnQiEnNwZW50X29uOmRlc2MiD3Nlc3Npb25faWQiJThiMDk0MzVhOTEzYTI0MzVjOGEzYTRmNDU0NzcwMTAwIgx1c2VyX2lkaQoiFmlzc3Vlc19pbmRleF9zb3J0IgxpZDpkZXNjIg1wZXJfcGFnZWlpIgpxdWVyeXsHOg9wcm9qZWN0X2lkaQc6B2lkaQo%3D--8588c221c0642a12f396239455fb702aec14c9c9; my_wiki_session=f70ae11e1c533c86f0e039d63cf3f69c; my_wikiUserID=1; my_wikiUserName=Yasin Cache-Control: max-age=0 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Connection: Keep-Alive Date: Wed, 12 Dec 2012 16:30:16 GMT Server: WEBrick/1.3.1 (Ruby/1.8.7/2010-08-16) Content-Length: 0 As you can see, I get nothing from the server. This is mostly random because this blank page happens sometimes for some users, and for other users it almost never returns the page... I'm absolutely lost here. Any idea about what can be the cause? Thanks in advance!

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  • Windows 7 hangs on black screen for a while after log in

    - by steini
    I get the welcome screen. I click on my user and get the "logging on" screen. After that all I get is a black screen with a mouse cursor. I can't even start task manager. No ctrl+alt+del or ctrl+shift+escape. It stays like this for about 10 minutes, then the desktop finally starts loading. According to the hdd led on my case, windows isn't even trying to access the hard drive for that whole time. It's just hanging doing nothing it seems. What I have tried: Uninstalled video driver and removed leftovers with driver sweeper Disabled all startup programs and non microsoft services Loaded "last known good configuration" Ran the alleged "black screen fix" from prevx against my best judgement (don't really like running random exes without knowing what they do at all) None of that works. I can boot into safe mode normally. My specs: i7 920 Gigabyte X58-UD3R Gigabyte HD5870 1GB 12GB Mushkin Silverline 1333MHz Windows 7 Ultimate x64 I'm also having another problem which I suspect is related. After I have gotten the computer up and running, everything works perfectly, but when it's been on for a while it starts behaving strangely when changing display modes. When I start up a game or anything that changes the screen resolution the computer freezes for about a minute every time until I reboot again. I think this is probably related to the black screen problem. Just thought I'd check to see if anyone has had the same problem. Let me know if I should post any more details about my system to help diagnose this. Thanks in advance.

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  • Cannot write to directory after taking ownership

    - by jeff charles
    I had a directory on an internal hard-drive that was created in an old Windows 7 install. After re-installing my operating system, when I try to create a new directory inside that directory, I get an Access Denied message. This isn't a protected directory, just a random directory I created at the drive root (that drive was not the C drive in either install). I tried to take ownership by opening folder properties, going to the Security tab, clicking on Advanced, going to Owner tab, clicking on Edit, selecting my user account, checking Replace owner on subcontainers and objects, and clicking Apply. There were no error messages and I closed the dialogs. I rebooted, checked the owner on that folder and a couple subfolders and it appears to be set correctly. I am still getting an Access Denied message however when trying to create a directory in it. I've also tried using attrib -R . to remove any possible readonly attribute inside the directory in an admin command prompt but am still unable to create a directory using a non-admin prompt (it does work in an admin prompt). Is there anything I can do to get write access to that folder and it's subcontents in a non-elevated context without disabling UAC?

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  • Some Emails incoming to Outlook 2007 are blank, same emails work fine on webmail, iphone, etc

    - by Funran
    This is a pretty easy problem to describe. Basically users who have just been upgraded to Outlook 2007 (yeah I know 2010 is out), are not receiving SOME emails (from outside our domain, ie hotmail, yahoo). Receiving is not the correct word, these emails come in, along with their attachments, subjects, to/from line, etc. But the body is blank. If the same user goes into their webmail, iphone, blackberry instead, they can read the message fine. It's clear to me that something in Outlook 2007 is not generating the body correctly, so it just strips it. I just don't know WHY. Our mail server was recently upgraded to Exchange 2010, users on 2010 running outlook 2003 are working fine, it's just the random emails for users using 2007. I hope I made that clear enough, thank you for any future help guys. EDIT: I don't see rft, but i swear I've seen it before. Here is the view source on a recent email. <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"><html><head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> <meta name="GENERATOR" content="MSHTML 8.00.6001.19120"> <DEFANGED_style_0 <="" style=""> </head> <body bgcolor="#ffffff"> <p><DEFANGED_DIV><font color="#0000ff" size="2" face="Calibri">MS,</font></p><DEFANGED_DIV> <p><DEFANGED_DIV><font color="#0000ff" size="2" face="Calibri">Could you tell me please what the legal descrip &amp; Topo Quad name is for this Monroe P.ID Site?</font></p><DEFANGED_DIV> <p><DEFANGED_DIV><em><font color="#0000ff" size="2" face="Calibri">Thanks, Henry Roye</font></em></p><DEFANGED_DIV></body></html>

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  • Symantec Antivirus Corporate -- two problems

    - by Alex C.
    We have a Windows network with a domain and about 50 clients. A few months ago, we installed Symantec Antivirus, Corporate Edition ver. 10.1.8.8000. There are two problems. The larger problem is that the software isn't very good at stopping viruses. In the last month, four different machines have become infected with those viruses that masquerade as antivirus software. Two machines I was able to clean with MalWareBytes. The other two were hopeless, and I had to reinstall Windows. Is there something I can do to make the Symantec product more effective? As far as I can tell, it successfully updates definitions nightly and pushes the definitions to the clients. The smaller problem is that the Symantec client applications sometimes initiate scans at random (and inappropriate) times. One of my co-workers complained to me yesterday that her computer was running very slow. I looked at the scan history and found that Symantec had scanned the computer three times during the past two days, and each time during the workday. No threats were found. Not sure why it's doing this, but I'd like it to stop. Any help would be appreciated. Thanks.

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  • Can we do a DNSSEC 101? [closed]

    - by PAStheLoD
    Please share your opinions, FAQs, HOWTOs, best practices (or links to the one you think is the best) and your fears and thoughts about the whole migration (or should I just call it a new piece of tech?). Is DNSSEC just for DNS providers (name server operators)? What ought John Doe to do, who hosts johndoe.com at some random provider (GoDaddy, DreamHost and such)? Also, what if the provider's name server doesn't do automatic signing magic, can John do it manually? In a fire-and-forget way, without touching KSKs and ZSKs rollovers and updating and headaches?) Does it bring any change regarding CERT records? Do browsers support it? How come it became so complex? Why didn't they just merged it with SSL? DKIM is pretty straightforward, IANA/IETF could've opted for something like that. (Yes I know that creating a trust anchor would be still problematic, but browsers are already full of CA certs. So, they could've just let anyone get a cert for a domain for shiny green padlocks, or just generate one for a poor blue lock, put it into a TXT record, encrypt the other records and let the parent zone sign the whole for you with its cert.) Thanks! And for disclosure (it seemed like the customary thing to do around here), I've asked the same on the netsec subreddit.

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  • Ubuntu on VPS becomes unresponsive: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 22s

    - by Bhante Nandiya
    We have a VPS running Ubuntu, on Xen. The problem is this, about once a day, for about 20-50 minutes, at a random time, the server becomes completely unresponsive to the outside world. After this period, it becomes responsive again, as if nothing had happened, it doesn't lose uptime, it doesn't restart. It just starts responding again as if it had been in suspended animation. These outages occur under conditions of non-exceptional memory and cpu, for example 70% mem, 5% cpu. I have stopped all non-essential services so the usage is very even. These outages don't particularly occur during times of increased memory/cpu (during daily tasks), they sometimes occur at times of very low cpu use (<2%), but in the past also occured during swapping. These blackouts have been occurring both under Ubuntu 12.04 LTS, and Ubuntu 14.04 LTS - no change at all (I upgraded Ubuntu specifically to see if it helped this problem). It is possible to log into our webhosts site, and use their administration console to see error messages from during this time. Presumably, these messages are from the Xen virtualization, the main message goes like this: BUG: soft lockp - CPU#0 stuck for 22s! [ksoftireqd/0:3] (repeats many times) SysRq : Emergency Sync (Sometimes this is the only message in the console) Others seen previously under different load situations include: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 22s! [swapper/0:0] (repeated many times) or: INFO: rcu_sched detected stall on CPU 0 (t=15000 jiffies) (repeated many times with t getting bigger) From googling around I've tried various kernel parameters such as nohz=off and acpi=off to no avail. All tech support has said is that other Ubuntu installations are not suffering the same problem. Anyone got any ideas or experience with this problem?

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  • SFTP access without hassle

    - by enobayram
    I'm trying to provide access to a local folder for someone over the internet. After googling around a bit, I've come to the conclusion that SFTP is the safest thing to expose through the firewall to the chaotic and evil world of the Internet. I'm planning to use the openssh-server to this end. Even though I trust that openssh will stop a random attacker, I'm not so sure about the security of my computer once someone is connected through ssh. In particular, even if I don't give that person's user account any privileges whatsoever, he might just be able to "su" to, say, "nobody". And since I was never worried about such things before, I might have given some moderate privileges to nobody at some point (not sudo rights surely!). I would of course value your comments about giving privileges to nobody in the first place, but that's not the point, really. My aim is to give SFTP access to someone in such a sandboxed state that I shouldn't need to worry about such things (at least not more so than I should have done before). Is this really possible? Am I speaking nonsense or worried in vain?

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  • Are there any tools to migrate your files, applications, and settings to a new Windows computer?

    - by calbar
    I've decided to upgrade my laptop on a regular basis and one of my main concerns is recreating my entire Windows 7 environment every time I do this. I'm talking toolbar positions, login settings, start menu items, applications and all their customizations... everything but my drivers. It literally takes weeks to fully recreate my working environment, not to mention the risk of user error or just simply forgetting "how I liked it." I'm assuming I won't find something as painless as Apple's Migration Assistant for Windows, but maybe there's something out there that can at least package up your apps and their settings? Bonus points if you can point it to your personal files, too - whatever's the quickest way to get from one machine to the next. I intend to install Windows fresh to remove bloatware on every machine that I buy, then selectively install the drivers I need. Something that accommodates loading my old apps into this newly prepared environment would be ideal. One random point of concern is in regard to application settings that refer to old hardware. I'm not sure if there's anything that can be done about this. If you have any thoughts, feel free to share. Thanks for your help!

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  • Why is XSP/mono giving me file/write errors with lucence?

    - by acidzombie24
    I am using mono 2.6.7, xsp 2.8.? and i am not sure what else. I'll try downgrading xsp and whatever else. Today i notice my server randomly gets Http Error 500, internal server error. I looked in my log files http://www.pastie.org/1426236 and it appears that the problem is locking lucence which it does by creating a file called write.lock. This use to work with no problem but now it gives me pain. It will fix itself if i refresh the page several times but it will break just as easily. My other site will not work everytime i restart apache and i need to by hand delete the file (at least it doesnt get random 500 errors). However now it just says Lock obtain timed out: NativeFSLock@/var/www/SITE_2/App_Data/LuceneIndex_a/write.lock no matter what. I even chmod -R 777 the directory and still no luck. write.lock doesnt even exist. I have no clue whats going on. Any ideas?

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  • NGINX returning 404 error on a valid url

    - by Harrison
    We have a site that runs PHP-FPM and NGINX. The application sends invitations to site members that are keyed with 40 character random strings (alphanumerics only -- example below). Today for the first time we ran into an issue with this approach. The following url: http://oursite.com/notices/response/approve/1960/OzH0pedV3rJhefFlMezDuoOQSomlUVdhJUliAhjS is returning a 404 error. This url format has been working for 6 months now without an issue, and other urls following this exact format continue to resolve properly. We have a very basic config with a simple redirect to a front controller, and everything else has been running fine for a while now. Also, if we change the last character from an "S" to anything other than a lower-case "s", no 404 error and the site handles the request properly, so I'm wondering if there's some security module that might see something wrong with this specific string... Not sure if that makes any sense. We are not sure where to look to find out what specifically is causing the issue, so any direction would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! Update: Adding a slash to the end of the url allowed it to be handled properly... Would still like to get to the bottom of the issue though. Solved: The problem was caused by part of my configuration... Realized I should have posted, but was headed out of town and didn't have a chance. Any url that ended in say "css" or "js" and not necessarily preceded by a dot (so, for example, http://site.com/response/somerandomestringcss ) was interpreted as a request for a file and the request was not routed through the front controller. The problem was my regex for disabling logging and setting expiration headers on jpgs, gifs, icos, etc. I replaced this: location ~* ^.+(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico)$ { with this: location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico)$ { And now urls ending in css, js, png, etc, are properly routed through the front controller. Hopefully that helps someone else out.

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  • SRM 4 Test Fails with message for some VM : Error: A specified parameter was not correct.

    - by Setesh
    Here are my architecture : For the protected site 4 Host VSphere Enterprise Plus, each one with 2 HBAs FC connected to the switch fabric, connected to an EMC CX4-120 1 VCenter 1 SRM For the recovery site 2 Hosts Vsphere 4 1 Vcenter 1 SRM 1 CX-4-120 The CX4-120 is connected to the second CX4-120 with ISCSI and the MirrorView / Asynchronous. I synchronise for the time 6 Lun on a FC DAE, 2 on a S-ATA DAE I have allocated 30% of the amount synchronised LUN for the SNAPSHOT us, but I have allocated them only on my S-ATA II DAE. It does not make a problem, my snapshot are correctly active. All the installation is new (hardware and software), installed in January with the last files available in download. I have a strange problem, and it's random, sometimes when I run a test on my RP, some VMs have this error : Error: A specified parameter was not correct. I don't know where to look. Any help is appreciated... PS : I have checked on all the VMs, no Floppy disk or CD attached. PS2 : There is severals VMs with RDM and OCFS2 filesystems on it.

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  • Win 7 Remote Desktop connection failure when already logged in.

    - by Andy E
    I have a bit of a strange problem, magnified recently by my broadband dropouts. I wasn't sure whether to post this on SU or SF, so I thought I'd start here as more users would be likely to know what the problem is. In short, when I try and connect to my server (Windows Server 2008) from my laptop running Windows 7, I can only connect if my remote account was previously logged out. If I'm still logged in I get the error message: Windows cannot connect to the remote server. No explanation or anything. If my IP address is the same, I don't have this problem. If I boot up Windows XP Mode and run XP's remote desktop connection it works just fine -- I think the difference there is it takes me to the remote server's logon screen. With Win 7 RDC you never see the logon screen, it asks you for credentials before entering full screen mode. The real problem is that I'm having random broadband dropouts and my IP isn't static. If I logon via Win XP RDC, log out and then run Win 7 RDC then it works fine. I realize I can just use Win XP's RDC for now, but I don't really like keeping XP Mode open if I can help it. Does anyone know a way around this problem? Maybe forcing Win 7 RDC to go to the logon screen, or changing some server-side settings to work around the IP address issue?

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  • Why does my computer sometimes not identify my wireless network, or others, that it always connects to?

    - by Emile Erasmus
    I have a vista operating system. Sometimes my computer will not connect to the wireless network (internet) when I start up my laptop. This happens at different places on occasion, and it is very random. It tries to connect, but can not identify the network (it does recognize the wifi name). So at the end it connects, but with limited connectivity. It can not be the hardware because all other computers connect to it fine at the same time. And it happens at different places, mostly home, but sometimes at coffee shops, etc. And then in a day or two when I start up my laptop it is all of a sudden working again. (restart does not solve the problem). I have tried all the trouble shooting options windows offers, restarting the notebook, switch modem on and off, switch laptop wifi on and of, deleted the wifi memory from the laptop and reconnected with the password as if it was the first time, everything. If it does not work at one place it does not mean it won't work at another. Example it won't work at home, then I go to coffee shop and it works, then get back home and it don't. Anyone encountered this before?

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  • standard deviation on excel

    - by user270692
    so I have 3 data sets, which all came from the first data set using the excel program. all consisted of random numbers from =randbetween(0,100) starting from A2:A102 which is 100 integers. for data set b I had to enter=SUM(A2+5) press enter and drag it down to get the integers for cells B2:B102 and for C I had to do multiplication t get it. I did =PRODUCT(A2:A102*5). so everything was taken from data set A. now I did the formulas needed to do sample standard dev and mean(average) . for data set a and b the standard deviations were the same but the mean was larger in data set B of course because I added 5 to each cell in set A. my question is why wouldn't the standard deviation be the same for data set C also? if im using the info from data set A? and how do I calculate the standard deviation (sample) by hand so I can explain why the standard dev doesn't change but the mean does. I don't know what numbers to include in the formula for sample standard deviation.

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  • Cisco configuration for public library internet

    - by AlternateZ
    I'm a C/C++ computer programmer turned IT support guy working for a public library. My day is usually spent helping random grandparents learn how to use email, so my networking knowledge is limited to what I can glean from google. Here's the situation. We have a public library with 20 PCs on a LAN and also public wifi access. Previously we were running all of this on 1 ADSL connection and people complained about low speeds. We hired a networking company to set up a Cisco dual-WAN router for us, and purchased an additional ADSL connection. The intention was to give the LAN PCs a guaranteed amount of bandwidth each, and then let the wifi users split the rest. The results were far worse than what we expected, and all we got from the company was excuses and they've since washed their hands of us. During busy periods, net performance on the LAN PCs are so poor that attaching files to gmail etc often times out and fails - far from the "guaranteed amount of bandwidth each" that we hope for! Sometimes it feels like performance is worse than before when we had 1 ADSL link and an unconfigured router? Anyways, surely this is a problem encountered a million times over across the world? (Sharing internet across many users effectively.) What are standard solutions for something like this? I admit to not even knowing the right jargon to google for (load balancing?) I'd appreciate any links to resources/guides that might help me get a better understanding of the problem/solutions, and perhaps some stories of your own experience in solving similar problems. This will help us evaluate and negotiate with network consultants in the future. If its relevant, our router config contains a section "policy-map" with "bandwidth percent" for each class of user (LAN, wifi), and "fair queue".

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  • How to verify TRIM/discard on encrypted swap?

    - by svarni
    I am using an encrypted swap partition via ecryptfs-setup-swap on my Ubuntu 13.04 computer using a SSD. I have manually set up trim for my ext4 root partition (simply by adding the "discard" option in /etc/fstab). I also manually ran fstrim on the root partition prior to booting and using dstat I saw that for a few seconds several GB/s of data have been written to the disk. That was presumably the effect of the trim command. These high writerates are reproducable by deleting huge files and have not occured before setting up trim, so I take them as evidence for working trim/discard. Manually enabling trim on my root partition has stopped the wearout of my precious new disk from 365 used reserved blocks (out of 6176 total) within three months down to 0 additional used reserved blocks within three additional months (data from SMART attributes). Because I want to minimize the wearout of my SSD I now would like to know whether my swap partition (which is encrypted using ecryptfs-setup-swap) also makes use of the trim/discard option. I tried sudo swapon -d -v /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 but did not receive particular information ("-v") about whether trim/discard ("-d") was applied. If unsupported, i would expect a message. Then I tried sudo dd if=/dev/sda6 count=1 BS=1M | xxd | less directly after booting and when no swapspace was used but I saw not only zeroes. I assume, when looking at freshly trimmed regions, the disk would send zeroes instead of reading random sectors (and according to some forums, (unencrypted) swap space is trimmed once upon boot). Long story short: Are there any ideas on how to test if trim is effectively used for my encrypted swap? And if not, any ideas on how to - at least manually, for once - trim the whole swap space? I wouldn't want to tinker with the partition itself, because I dont know if it needs to be reinitialized as (encrypted) swap - I dont want to be left with an unbootable system :)

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  • Motherboard Dying? AHCI Drive Init and boot loop intermittent failure

    - by Adam Heath
    My computer is now intermittently failing to boot up. For the last couple of days, when I turn it on it hangs on "AHCI Drive Init...", and when powered off and on again, it booted up fine. Today, it did the same but failed in a few other ways too, seemingly at random: Hangs on "AHCI Drive Init..." Boot loop (after "AHCI Drive Init..." appears for a split second (no drives listed)) Black screen (after "AHCI Drive Init..." appears for a split second, a black screen with all fans still running) The interesting part is that the above is not affected by what drives are connected, or what to. I have tried both disks, each disk individually and no disks (along with trying the primary and secondary SATA controllers), none of this has any effect on what happens. After about 20+ attempts of different combinations, it suddenly decided it would boot up into Windows, and I hadn't touched anything for about 2 cycles. Motherboard: Gigabyte GA-870A-USB3 Processor: Amd Phoenom II x6 1090T RAM: 8GB Corsair 1600 Primary Disk: Plextor 128GB SSD Secondary Disk: Western Digital Black 1TB OS: Windows 8.1 Is this my motherboard dying? Or could something else be the cause? Thanks!

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  • Printing a PDF results in garbled text (sometimes)

    - by Scott Whitlock
    We have a system that renders a report as a PDF, and displays it in the browser for the user. In the browser, the document always appears to display fine, but when printed on one machine, it sometimes changes some of the data in the report to seemingly random characters. Here are some examples of the strings it inserts: Ebuf; Bvhvt ul1: -!3122 Ti jqqf e!Wjb; Nfttf ohf s!Tf swjdf Additionally, the inter-character spacing is weird. It sometimes writes characters overlapping each other. I noticed some repetition in the garbled text, so I typed a few of them into Google, and surprisingly got a lot of hits. Here is the string I searched for: pdf cjmp ebuf nftf up! The Google search summaries contain the garbled text. However, when I click on those links in Google, I get perfectly readable PDF files. It's as if Google's PDF crawler has the same bug. Has anyone figured this out? Is this an Acrobat Reader bug?

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