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• Data base design with Blob

  - by mmuthu

  Hi, I have a situation where i need to store the binary data into database as blob column. There are three different table exists in my database where in i need to store a blob data for each record. Not every record will have the blob data all the time. It is time and user based. The table one will have to store the *.doc files almost for all the record The table two will have to store the *.xml optionally. The table three will have to store images (not sure what is frequency, etc) Now my questions is whether it is a good idea to maintain a separate table to store the blob data pointing it to the respective table PK's (Yes, there will be no FK's and assuming program will maintain it). It will be some thing like below, BLOB|PK_ID|TABLE_NAME Alternatively, is it a good idea to keep the blob column in respective tables. As for as my application runtime is concerned, The table 2 will be read very frequently. Though the blob column will not be required. The table 2 record will gets deleted frequently. Similarly other blob data in respective table will not be accessed frequently. All of the blob content will be read on-demand basis. I'm thinking first approach will work better for me. What do you guys think? Btw, I'm using Oracle.

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• Could git do not store history of specific folders when working with git-svn?

  - by Timofey Basanov

  In short: Is there a way to disable storing full history for specific folders in git-svn repo? We have pretty large SVN repo with big checkout. I would like to migrate it to Git for my local development, because Git speeds up update and status commands orders of magnitude. When I simply do git svn clone it creates very big repo. Big enough to be bigger then my whole HDD. The problem lies in binary directories for which history is too large. Latest binaries are required for proper local build, but history is not required at all for my development process. I will never change them myself. I would like to store only latest versions for specific folders, or may be a history, but for no more than a week. I could only found filter for git svn fetch, which excludes specific folders at all. This is not exactly what I need. It's OK with me to have Cron task which deletes history from specific folders, but I do not know how to make one. Also Cron does not solve problem of first git svn clone. P.S. SVN repository structure could not be changed by any means.

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• Configuring visual subversion to exclude

  - by douglasrahn

  I have been searching for any documentation on how to exclude files for visual svn but have not found any. All the documentation I find seems to not match my file structure or I am missing some files/directories referenced. For example the only file I find with configuration items in it seems to be completely commented out and missing the miscellaneous section as well as any auto properties enable - etc... Ultimately I need to exclude some files so that my development can continue without SVN errors. I am constantly receiving errors for pbuser and other project files and would like to make sure this is not causing some of my other headaches. Here is information I would love to use but cant as it doesnt match: How to “fix” Subversion in XCode 3 Posted on December 10, 2008 by Rodney Aiglstorfer in Xcode If you don’t take the necessary steps to prepare for subversion, you will run into problems using it in XCode. This is because XCode produces files that “confuse” Subversion because it either thinks they are text files when they are really binary files or the reverse. To overcome these limitations, you need to make some simple changes to the subversion configuration file in your user home directory. Here are some steps you can follow to ensure that you will be able to use Subversion within XCode without any issues. Step 1. Open the subversion configuration file ~/.subversion/config NOTE: If the “.subversion” directory doesn’t exist yet then run this command which fails but will create the necessary files to get you started: svn status Step 2. Enable “global-ignores” and add new things to ignore Find the line that contains the text “global-ignores” and append the following text: build *~.nib *.so *.pbxuser *.mode* *.perspective* What I am looking for really is how to exclude the files I know I need to for Visual subversion - it shouldnt be different really from regular svn as it claims to use the same product just places a gui on it.

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• Given a 2d array sorted in increasing order from left to right and top to bottom, what is the best w

  - by Phukab

  I was recently given this interview question and I'm curious what a good solution to it would be. Say I'm given a 2d array where all the numbers in the array are in increasing order from left to right and top to bottom. What is the best way to search and determine if a target number is in the array? Now, my first inclination is to utilize a binary search since my data is sorted. I can determine if a number is in a single row in O(log N) time. However, it is the 2 directions that throw me off. Another solution I could use, if I could be sure the matrix is n x n, is to start at the middle. If the middle value is less than my target, then I can be sure it is in the left square portion of the matrix from the middle. I then move diagnally and check again, reducing the size of the square that the target could potentially be in until I have honed in on the target number. Does anyone have any good ideas on solving this problem? Example array: Sorted left to right, top to bottom. 1 2 4 5 6 2 3 5 7 8 4 6 8 9 10 5 8 9 10 11

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• Fastest method to define whether a number is a triangular number

  - by psihodelia

  A triangular number is the sum of the n natural numbers from 1 to n. What is the fastest method to find whether a given positive integer number is a triangular one? I suppose, there must be a hidden pattern in a binary representation of such numbers (like if you need to find whether a number is even/odd you check its least significant bit). Here is a cut of the first 1200th up to 1300th triangular numbers, you can easily see a bit-pattern here (if not, try to zoom out): (720600, '10101111111011011000') (721801, '10110000001110001001') (723003, '10110000100000111011') (724206, '10110000110011101110') (725410, '10110001000110100010') (726615, '10110001011001010111') (727821, '10110001101100001101') (729028, '10110001111111000100') (730236, '10110010010001111100') (731445, '10110010100100110101') (732655, '10110010110111101111') (733866, '10110011001010101010') (735078, '10110011011101100110') (736291, '10110011110000100011') (737505, '10110100000011100001') (738720, '10110100010110100000') (739936, '10110100101001100000') (741153, '10110100111100100001') (742371, '10110101001111100011') (743590, '10110101100010100110') (744810, '10110101110101101010') (746031, '10110110001000101111') (747253, '10110110011011110101') (748476, '10110110101110111100') (749700, '10110111000010000100') (750925, '10110111010101001101') (752151, '10110111101000010111') (753378, '10110111111011100010') (754606, '10111000001110101110') (755835, '10111000100001111011') (757065, '10111000110101001001') (758296, '10111001001000011000') (759528, '10111001011011101000') (760761, '10111001101110111001') (761995, '10111010000010001011') (763230, '10111010010101011110') (764466, '10111010101000110010') (765703, '10111010111100000111') (766941, '10111011001111011101') (768180, '10111011100010110100') (769420, '10111011110110001100') (770661, '10111100001001100101') (771903, '10111100011100111111') (773146, '10111100110000011010') (774390, '10111101000011110110') (775635, '10111101010111010011') (776881, '10111101101010110001') (778128, '10111101111110010000') (779376, '10111110010001110000') (780625, '10111110100101010001') (781875, '10111110111000110011') (783126, '10111111001100010110') (784378, '10111111011111111010') (785631, '10111111110011011111') (786885, '11000000000111000101') (788140, '11000000011010101100') (789396, '11000000101110010100') (790653, '11000001000001111101') (791911, '11000001010101100111') (793170, '11000001101001010010') (794430, '11000001111100111110') (795691, '11000010010000101011') (796953, '11000010100100011001') (798216, '11000010111000001000') (799480, '11000011001011111000') (800745, '11000011011111101001') (802011, '11000011110011011011') (803278, '11000100000111001110') (804546, '11000100011011000010') (805815, '11000100101110110111') (807085, '11000101000010101101') (808356, '11000101010110100100') (809628, '11000101101010011100') (810901, '11000101111110010101') (812175, '11000110010010001111') (813450, '11000110100110001010') (814726, '11000110111010000110') (816003, '11000111001110000011') (817281, '11000111100010000001') (818560, '11000111110110000000') (819840, '11001000001010000000') (821121, '11001000011110000001') (822403, '11001000110010000011') (823686, '11001001000110000110') (824970, '11001001011010001010') (826255, '11001001101110001111') (827541, '11001010000010010101') (828828, '11001010010110011100') (830116, '11001010101010100100') (831405, '11001010111110101101') (832695, '11001011010010110111') (833986, '11001011100111000010') (835278, '11001011111011001110') (836571, '11001100001111011011') (837865, '11001100100011101001') (839160, '11001100110111111000') (840456, '11001101001100001000') (841753, '11001101100000011001') (843051, '11001101110100101011') (844350, '11001110001000111110') For example, can you also see a rotated normal distribution curve, represented by zeros between 807085 and 831405?

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• Passing huge amounts of data as an hexadecimal (0x123AB...) parameter of a clr stored procedure in s

  - by user193655

  I post this question has followup of This question, since the thread is not recieving more answers. I'm trying to understand if it is possible to pass as a parameter of a CLR stored procedure a large amount of data as "0x5352532F...". This is to avoid to send the data directly to the CLR stored procedure, instead of sending ti to a temporary DB field and from there passing it as varbinary(max) parmeter to the CLR stored procedure. I have a triple question: 1) is it possible, if yes how? Let's say i want to pass a pdf file to the CLR stored procedure (not the path, the full bits that make up the file). Something like: exec MyCLRStoredProcs.dbo.insertfile @file_remote_path ='c:\temp\test_file.txt' , @file_contents=0x4D5A90000300000004000.... --(this long list is the file content) where insertfile is a stored proc that writes to the server path (at file_remote_path) the binary data I pass as (file_contents). 2) is it there corruption risk of adopting this approach (or it is the same approach that sql server uses behind the scenes)? 3) how to convert the content of a file into the "0x23423..." hexadecimal representation

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• Is it possible to reference remote content from chrome.manifest? (XULRunner)

  - by siemaa

  Hi, I have a xulrunner application and I've been trying to reference remote content from chrome.manifest file. Tt's an application for the company I work in; it's run on a number of computers (most of them are used by other employees as well) as a kind of an internet monitoring service. The problem I'd like to solve is this: updating the code of such application usually requires me to manually copy the modified files to every computer that the application is running on (I've had no luck trying to make automatic updates via xulrunner platform). This process has become very tedious. What I'd like to have is a web server, where all of the xul and js files would be accessible, so that every application could reference them from there. This would require me only to update the code on that server, and the applications (when restarted) would automatically get the latest code. What I managed to do: I can reference js scripts from a xul file using http based urls and everything works fine (I can use local, binary components etc.), although the xul file has to be local - that I'd like to change. But when I write in chrome.manifest a line like: content my_app http://path/to/app/files/ and then use the line in default/preferences/pref.js pref("toolkit.defaultChromeURI", "chrome://my_app/content/my_app.xul"); it just opens a console window (to test I manually run the application with the -console option) and no code gets executed. The file can be downloaded remotely using wget so I guess this isn't the web server issue. The applications work on Windows machines. Is there some kind of security issue causing such behavior or am I doing something wrong? Is it even possible to register remote, http based content as chrome?

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• Why should I install Python packages into `~/.local`?

  - by Matthew Rankin

  Background I don't develop using OS X's system provided Python versions (on OS X 10.6 that's Python 2.5.4 and 2.6.1). I don't install anything in the site-packages directory for the OS provided versions of Python. (The only exception is Mercurial installed from a binary package, which installs two packages in the Python 2.6.1 site-packages directory.) I installed three versions of Python, all using the Mac OS X installer disk image: Python 2.6.6 Python 2.7 Python 3.1.2 I don't like polluting the site-packages directory for my Python installations. So I only install the following five base packages in the site-packages directory. For the actual method/commands used to install these, see SO Question 4324558. setuptools/ez_setup distribute pip virtualenv virtualenvwrapper All other packages are installed in virtualenvs. I am the only user of this MacBook. Questions Given the above background, why should I install the five base packages in ~/.local? Since I'm installing these base packages into the site-packages directories of Python distributions that I've installed, I'm isolated from the OS X's Python distributions. Using this method, should I be concerned about Glyph's comment that other things could potentially break (see his comment below)? Again, I'm only interested in where to install those five base packages. Related Questions/Info I'm asking because of Glyph's comment to my answer to SO question 4314376, which stated: NO. NEVER EVER do sudo python setup.py install whatever. Write a ~/.pydistutils.cfg that puts your pip installation into ~/.local or something. Especially files named ez_setup.py tend to suck down newer versions of things like setuptools and easy_install, which can potentially break other things on your operating system. Previously, I asked What's the proper way to install pip, virtualenv, and distribute for Python?. However, no one answered the "why" of using ~/.local.

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• C++: how serialize/deserialize objects without any library?

  - by Winte Winte

  I try to understand how serializing/deserializing works in c++, so I want to do that without any libs. But I really stuck with that. I start with simple objects but when I try to deserilize a vector I understand that I can't get a vector without if I don't write it size before. Moreover, I don't know which format of file I should choose because if digits will be existed before size of vector I haven't chance to read it right. However it is only the vector but I also want to do that with classes and map container. My task is serialize/deserialize a objects as this: PersonInfo { unsigned int age_; string name_; enum { undef, man, woman } sex_; } Person : PersonInfo { vector<Person> children_; map<string, PersonInfo> addrBook_; } Currently I know how to serialize simple objects in way as this: vector<PersonInfo> vecPersonInfo; vecPersonInfo.push_back(*personInfo); vecPersonInfo.push_back(*oneMorePersonInfo); ofstream file("file", ios::out | ios::binary); if (!file) { cout<<"can not open file"; } else { vector<PersonInfo>::const_iterator iterator = vecPersonInfo.begin(); for (; iterator != vecPersonInfo.end(); iterator++) { file<<*iterator; } Could you please suggest how I can do this for this conplex object or a good tutorial that explain it clearly?

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• How to approach socket programming between C# -> Java (Android)

  - by Alex

  I've recently knocked up a server/client app for Windows & Android that allows one to send a file from Windows to an android phone over a socket connection. It works great for a single file but trying to send multiple files over in a single stream is causing me problems. I've also realised that aside from the binary data, I will need to send messages over the socket to indicate error states and other application messages. I have little experience with network programming and and wondering what is the best way forward. Basically the C# server side of the app just goes into a listening state and uses Socket.SendFile to transmit the file. On Android I use the standard Java Socket.getInputStream() to receive the file. That works great for a single file transfer, but how should I handle multiple files and error/messaging information? Do I need to use a different socket for each file? Should I be using a higher level framework to handle this or can I send everything over the single socket? Any other suggestions for frameworks or learning materials?

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• How can I bind the second argument in a function but not the first (in an elegant way)?

  - by Frank Osterfeld

  Is there a way in Haskell to bind the second argument but not the first of a function without using lambda functions or defining another "local" function? Example. I have a binary function like: sub :: Int -> Int -> Int sub x y = x - y Now if I want to bind the first argument, I can do so easily using (sub someExpression): mapSubFrom5 x = map (sub 5) x *Main> mapSubFrom5 [1,2,3,4,5] [4,3,2,1,0] That works fine if I want to bind the first n arguments without "gap". If I want to bind the second argument but not the first, the two options I am aware of are more verbose: Either via another, local, function: mapSub5 x = map sub5 x where sub5 x = sub x 5 *Main> mapSub5 [1,2,3,4,5] [-4,-3,-2,-1,0] Or using lambda: mapSub5 x = map (\x -> sub x 5) x While both are working fine, I like the elegance of "sub 5" and wonder if there is a similarly elegant way to bind the n-th (n 1) argument of a function?

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• .Net file writing and string splitting issues

  - by sagar

  I have a requirement where the file should be split using a given character. Default splitting options are CRLF and LF In both these cases I am splitting the line by \r\n and \r respectively. Also I have requirement where any size of file should be processed. (Processing is basically inserting the given string in a file at given position). For this I am reading the file in chunk of 1024 bytes. Then I am applying the string.Split() method. Split() method gives options for ignoring white spaces and none. I have to add back these line break characters to the line. for this I am using a binary writer and I am writing the byte array to the new file. Issue:- 1) When line break is CRLF, and the split option is NONE, while spaces are also added in the splitted array. Second option is given (to ignore white spaces) CRLF works properly. 2)Bit ignoring white space option creates other problems, as I am reading the file byte by byte I can't ignore a white space. 3)When line break characters are other than default(e.g. '|', a null value is prepended to the resulting line. Can anybody give solution to my issues?

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• Assigning address to array from heap

  - by Schaltfehler

  I want to save the state of my structs as a binary file and load them again. My structs look like this: typedef struct { uint8_t pointerLength; uint8_t *pointer; uint8_t NumBla; uinT16 Bla[MAX_NUM_Bla]; ... } BAR_STRUCT, *BAR; typedef struct { int numBar; BAR bars[MAX_NUM_BAR]; } FOO_STRUCT, *FOO; Saving is no problem, but restoring the state. Iam at the point where the bytestring from the file is on the heap and a pointer is pointing to the first adress of this string. And I do as follows: const void* dataPointer //points to adress in heap unsigned char* bytePointer = (unsigned char*)dataPointer; FOO foo = (FOO_STRUCT*)bytePointer; bytePointer += sizeof(FOO_STRUCT); for (int i=0; i < MAX_NUM_BAR; i++) { foo->bars[i] = (BAR_STRUCT*)bytePointer; } The last assignment doesn't work and I get an EXC_BAD_ACCESS. Because bars is an array of pointers i need to correct the adresses of each element is pointing to. Because they are not valid anymore. So I try to assign the adress of the object I saved in the bytesteam to foo-bars[i]; But I can not change foo-bars[i] at all. Accessing works but but assigning a new adress doesn't. I wonder why.

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• Rails + Nginx + Unicorn multiple apps

  - by Mikhail Nikalyukin

  I get the server where is currently installed two apps and i need to add another one, here is my configs. nginx.conf user www-data www-data; worker_processes 4; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 768; # multi_accept on; } http { sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; ## # Logging Settings ## access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; ## # Disable unknown domains ## server { listen 80 default; server_name _; return 444; } ## # Virtual Host Configs ## include /home/ruby/apps/*/shared/config/nginx.conf; } unicorn.rb deploy_to = "/home/ruby/apps/staging.domain.com" rails_root = "#{deploy_to}/current" pid_file = "#{deploy_to}/shared/pids/unicorn.pid" socket_file= "#{deploy_to}/shared/sockets/.sock" log_file = "#{rails_root}/log/unicorn.log" err_log = "#{rails_root}/log/unicorn_error.log" old_pid = pid_file + '.oldbin' timeout 30 worker_processes 10 # ????? ???? ? ??????????? ?? ????????, ???????? ??????? ? ??????? ???? ???? listen socket_file, :backlog => 1024 pid pid_file stderr_path err_log stdout_path log_file preload_app true GC.copy_on_write_friendly = true if GC.respond_to?(:copy_on_write_friendly=) before_exec do |server| ENV["BUNDLE_GEMFILE"] = "#{rails_root}/Gemfile" end before_fork do |server, worker| defined?(ActiveRecord::Base) and ActiveRecord::Base.connection.disconnect! if File.exists?(old_pid) && server.pid != old_pid begin Process.kill("QUIT", File.read(old_pid).to_i) rescue Errno::ENOENT, Errno::ESRCH end end end after_fork do |server, worker| defined?(ActiveRecord::Base) and ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection end Also im added capistrano to the project deploy.rb # encoding: utf-8 require 'capistrano/ext/multistage' require 'rvm/capistrano' require 'bundler/capistrano' set :stages, %w(staging production) set :default_stage, "staging" default_run_options[:pty] = true ssh_options[:paranoid] = false ssh_options[:forward_agent] = true set :scm, "git" set :user, "ruby" set :runner, "ruby" set :use_sudo, false set :deploy_via, :remote_cache set :rvm_ruby_string, '1.9.2' # Create uploads directory and link task :configure, :roles => :app do run "cp #{shared_path}/config/database.yml #{release_path}/config/database.yml" # run "ln -s #{shared_path}/db/sphinx #{release_path}/db/sphinx" # run "ln -s #{shared_path}/config/unicorn.rb #{release_path}/config/unicorn.rb" end namespace :deploy do task :restart do run "if [ -f #{unicorn_pid} ] && [ -e /proc/$(cat #{unicorn_pid}) ]; then kill -s USR2 `cat #{unicorn_pid}`; else cd #{deploy_to}/current && bundle exec unicorn_rails -c #{unicorn_conf} -E #{rails_env} -D; fi" end task :start do run "cd #{deploy_to}/current && bundle exec unicorn_rails -c #{unicorn_conf} -E #{rails_env} -D" end task :stop do run "if [ -f #{unicorn_pid} ] && [ -e /proc/$(cat #{unicorn_pid}) ]; then kill -QUIT `cat #{unicorn_pid}`; fi" end end before 'deploy:finalize_update', 'configure' after "deploy:update", "deploy:migrate", "deploy:cleanup" require './config/boot' nginx.conf in app shared path upstream staging_whotracker { server unix:/home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/shared/sockets/.sock; } server { listen 209.105.242.45; server_name beta.whotracker.com; rewrite ^/(.*) http://www.beta.whotracker.com/$1 permanent; } server { listen 209.105.242.45; server_name www.beta.hotracker.com; root /home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/current/public; location ~ ^/sitemaps/ { root /home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/current/system; if (!-f $request_filename) { break; } if (-f $request_filename) { expires -1; break; } } # cache static files :P location ~ ^/(images|javascripts|stylesheets)/ { root /home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/current/public; if ($query_string ~* "^[0-9a-zA-Z]{40}$") { expires max; break; } if (!-f $request_filename) { break; } } if ( -f /home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/shared/offline ) { return 503; } location /blog { index index.php index.html index.htm; try_files $uri $uri/ /blog/index.php?q=$uri; } location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fastcgi/php-fastcgi.socket; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; } location / { proxy_set_header HTTP_REFERER $http_referer; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; proxy_max_temp_file_size 0; # If the file exists as a static file serve it directly without # running all the other rewite tests on it if (-f $request_filename) { break; } if (!-f $request_filename) { proxy_pass http://staging_whotracker; break; } } error_page 502 =503 @maintenance; error_page 500 504 /500.html; error_page 503 @maintenance; location @maintenance { rewrite ^(.*)$ /503.html break; } } unicorn.log executing ["/home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/shared/bundle/ruby/1.9.1/bin/unicorn_rails", "-c", "/home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/current/config/unicorn.rb", "-E", "staging", "-D", {5=>#<Kgio::UNIXServer:/home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/shared/sockets/.sock>}] (in /home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/releases/20120517114413) I, [2012-05-17T06:43:48.111717 #14636] INFO -- : inherited addr=/home/ruby/apps/staging.whotracker.com/shared/sockets/.sock fd=5 I, [2012-05-17T06:43:48.111938 #14636] INFO -- : Refreshing Gem list worker=0 ready ... master process ready ... reaped #<Process::Status: pid 2590 exit 0> worker=6 ... master complete Deploy goes successfully, but when i try to access beta.whotracker.com or ip-address i get SERVER NOT FOUND error, while others app works great. Nothing shows up in error logs. Can you please point me where is my fault?

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• Why is there a /etc/init.d/mysql file on this Slackware machine? How could it have gotten there?

  - by jasonspiro

  A client of my IT-consulting service owns a web-development shop. He's been having problems with a Slackware 12.0 server running MySQL 5.0.67. The machine was set up by the client's sysadmin, who left on bad terms. My client no longer employs a sysadmin. As far as I can tell, the only copy of MySQL that's installed is the one described in /var/log/packages/mysql-5.0.67-i486-1: PACKAGE NAME: mysql-5.0.67-i486-1 COMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: 16828 K UNCOMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: 33840 K PACKAGE LOCATION: /var/slapt-get/archives/./slackware/ap/mysql-5.0.67-i486-1.tgz PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: mysql: mysql (SQL-based relational database server) mysql: mysql: MySQL is a fast, multi-threaded, multi-user, and robust SQL mysql: (Structured Query Language) database server. It comes with a nice API mysql: which makes it easy to integrate into other applications. mysql: mysql: The home page for MySQL is http://www.mysql.com/ mysql: mysql: mysql: mysql: FILE LIST: ./ var/ var/lib/ var/lib/mysql/ var/run/ var/run/mysql/ install/ install/doinst.sh install/slack-desc usr/ usr/include/ usr/include/mysql/ usr/include/mysql/my_alloc.h usr/include/mysql/sql_common.h usr/include/mysql/my_dbug.h usr/include/mysql/errmsg.h usr/include/mysql/my_pthread.h usr/include/mysql/my_list.h usr/include/mysql/mysql.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-vars.h usr/include/mysql/my_config.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_com.h usr/include/mysql/m_string.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-case.h usr/include/mysql/my_xml.h usr/include/mysql/sql_state.h usr/include/mysql/my_global.h usr/include/mysql/my_sys.h usr/include/mysql/mysqld_ername.h usr/include/mysql/mysqld_error.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-longopts.h usr/include/mysql/keycache.h usr/include/mysql/my_net.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_version.h usr/include/mysql/my_no_pthread.h usr/include/mysql/decimal.h usr/include/mysql/readline.h usr/include/mysql/my_attribute.h usr/include/mysql/typelib.h usr/include/mysql/my_dir.h usr/include/mysql/raid.h usr/include/mysql/m_ctype.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_embed.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_time.h usr/include/mysql/my_getopt.h usr/lib/ usr/lib/mysql/ usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so.15.0.0 usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.la usr/lib/mysql/libmyisammrg.a usr/lib/mysql/libmystrings.a usr/lib/mysql/libmyisam.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.15.0.0 usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.a usr/lib/mysql/libheap.a usr/lib/mysql/libvio.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.la usr/lib/mysql/libmysys.a usr/lib/mysql/libdbug.a usr/bin/ usr/bin/comp_err usr/bin/my_print_defaults usr/bin/resolve_stack_dump usr/bin/msql2mysql usr/bin/mysqltestmanager-pwgen usr/bin/myisampack usr/bin/replace usr/bin/mysqld_multi usr/bin/mysqlaccess usr/bin/mysql_install_db usr/bin/innochecksum usr/bin/myisam_ftdump usr/bin/mysqlcheck usr/bin/mysqltest usr/bin/mysql_upgrade_shell usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation usr/bin/mysql_fix_extensions usr/bin/mysqld_safe usr/bin/mysql_explain_log usr/bin/mysqlimport usr/bin/myisamlog usr/bin/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql usr/bin/mysql_upgrade usr/bin/mysqltestmanager usr/bin/mysql_fix_privilege_tables usr/bin/mysql_find_rows usr/bin/mysql_convert_table_format usr/bin/mysqltestmanagerc usr/bin/mysqlhotcopy usr/bin/mysqldump usr/bin/mysqlshow usr/bin/mysqlbug usr/bin/mysql_config usr/bin/mysqldumpslow usr/bin/mysql_waitpid usr/bin/mysqlbinlog usr/bin/mysql_client_test usr/bin/perror usr/bin/mysql usr/bin/myisamchk usr/bin/mysql_setpermission usr/bin/mysqladmin usr/bin/mysql_zap usr/bin/mysql_tableinfo usr/bin/resolveip usr/share/ usr/share/mysql/ usr/share/mysql/errmsg.txt usr/share/mysql/swedish/ usr/share/mysql/swedish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables_data.sql usr/share/mysql/mysql.server usr/share/mysql/hungarian/ usr/share/mysql/hungarian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/norwegian/ usr/share/mysql/norwegian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/slovak/ usr/share/mysql/slovak/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/spanish/ usr/share/mysql/spanish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/polish/ usr/share/mysql/polish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/ usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/danish/ usr/share/mysql/danish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/romanian/ usr/share/mysql/romanian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/english/ usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/charsets/ usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin2.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/greek.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8r.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin1.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp866.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/geostd8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1250.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8u.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp852.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/hebrew.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin7.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/README usr/share/mysql/charsets/ascii.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1251.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/macce.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin5.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/macroman.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1256.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/keybcs2.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/armscii8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/dec8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1257.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/hp8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp850.xml usr/share/mysql/korean/ usr/share/mysql/korean/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/german/ usr/share/mysql/german/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mi_test_all.res usr/share/mysql/greek/ usr/share/mysql/greek/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/french/ usr/share/mysql/french/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/dutch/ usr/share/mysql/dutch/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/serbian/ usr/share/mysql/serbian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf usr/share/mysql/portuguese/ usr/share/mysql/portuguese/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/japanese/ usr/share/mysql/japanese/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_test_data_timezone.sql usr/share/mysql/russian/ usr/share/mysql/russian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/czech/ usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/fill_help_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/estonian/ usr/share/mysql/estonian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/ usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-small.cnf usr/share/mysql/mysql-log-rotate usr/share/mysql/italian/ usr/share/mysql/italian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-large.cnf usr/share/mysql/ndb-config-2-node.ini usr/share/mysql/binary-configure usr/share/mysql/mi_test_all usr/share/mysql/mysqld_multi.server usr/share/mysql/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf usr/doc/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/README usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/Docs/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/Docs/INSTALL-BINARY usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/COPYING usr/info/ usr/info/mysql.info.gz usr/libexec/ usr/libexec/mysqld usr/libexec/mysqlmanager usr/man/ usr/man/man8/ usr/man/man8/mysqlmanager.8.gz usr/man/man8/mysqld.8.gz usr/man/man1/ usr/man/man1/mysql_zap.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_setpermission.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql.1.gz usr/man/man1/msql2mysql.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_tableinfo.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_explain_log.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlcheck.1.gz usr/man/man1/comp_err.1.gz usr/man/man1/my_print_defaults.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlbinlog.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisam_ftdump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_upgrade.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_client_test.1.gz usr/man/man1/resolve_stack_dump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_fix_extensions.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlmanagerc.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_config.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisamlog.1.gz usr/man/man1/replace.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlmanager-pwgen.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqltest.1.gz usr/man/man1/innochecksum.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gz usr/man/man1/perror.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_waitpid.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_convert_table_format.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlman.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlimport.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlbug.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_find_rows.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisampack.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisamchk.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql-stress-test.pl.1.gz usr/man/man1/resolveip.1.gz usr/man/man1/make_win_bin_dist.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlhotcopy.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqld_multi.1.gz usr/man/man1/safe_mysqld.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_secure_installation.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_install_db.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql-test-run.pl.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqld_safe.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlaccess.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql.server.1.gz usr/man/man1/make_win_src_distribution.1.gz etc/ etc/rc.d/ etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld.new etc/my-huge.cnf etc/my-medium.cnf etc/my-small.cnf etc/my-large.cnf /etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld is an ordinary Slackware-type start/stop script: #!/bin/sh # Start/stop/restart mysqld. # # Copyright 2003 Patrick J. Volkerding, Concord, CA # Copyright 2003 Slackware Linux, Inc., Concord, CA # # This program comes with NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. # You may redistribute copies of this program under the terms of the # GNU General Public License. # To start MySQL automatically at boot, be sure this script is executable: # chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld # Before you can run MySQL, you must have a database. To install an initial # database, do this as root: # # su - mysql # mysql_install_db # # Note that step one is becoming the mysql user. It's important to do this # before making any changes to the database, or mysqld won't be able to write # to it later (this can be fixed with 'chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql'). # To allow outside connections to the database comment out the next line. # If you don't need incoming network connections, then leave the line # uncommented to improve system security. #SKIP="--skip-networking" # Start mysqld: mysqld_start() { if [ -x /usr/bin/mysqld_safe ]; then # If there is an old PID file (no mysqld running), clean it up: if [ -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then if ! ps axc | grep mysqld 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null ; then echo "Cleaning up old /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid." rm -f /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid fi fi /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid $SKIP & fi } # Stop mysqld: mysqld_stop() { # If there is no PID file, ignore this request... if [ -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then killall mysqld # Wait at least one minute for it to exit, as we don't know how big the DB is... for second in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 \ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 60 ; do if [ ! -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then break; fi sleep 1 done if [ "$second" = "60" ]; then echo "WARNING: Gave up waiting for mysqld to exit!" sleep 15 fi fi } # Restart mysqld: mysqld_restart() { mysqld_stop mysqld_start } case "$1" in 'start') mysqld_start ;; 'stop') mysqld_stop ;; 'restart') mysqld_restart ;; *) echo "usage $0 start|stop|restart" esac But there's also an unexpected init script on the machine, named /etc/init.d/mysql: #!/bin/sh # Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB # This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind # MySQL daemon start/stop script. # Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based # systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql. # When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is # started and shut down when the systems goes down. # Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux # chkconfig: 2345 64 36 # description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine. # Comments to support LSB init script conventions ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: mysql # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: start and stop MySQL # Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine. ### END INIT INFO # If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr, then you # have to do one of the following things for this script to work: # # - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory # - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information: # [mysqld] # basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory> # - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini) # and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin # - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable # below. # # If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes # in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files. # If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get # overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files. #basedir= #datadir= # Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting # for server start. # Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf. # 0 means don't wait at all # Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely service_startup_timeout=900 # The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things. # Set some defaults pid_file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid server_pid_file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid use_mysqld_safe=1 user=mysql if test -z "$basedir" then basedir=/usr bindir=/usr/bin if test -z "$datadir" then datadir=/var/lib/mysql fi sbindir=/usr/sbin libexecdir=/usr/libexec else bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir" then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" fi # datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be # *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.) datadir_set= # # Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible # lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions" if test -f $lsb_functions ; then . $lsb_functions else log_success_msg() { echo " SUCCESS! $@" } log_failure_msg() { echo " ERROR! $@" } fi PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin export PATH mode=$1 # start or stop shift other_args="$*" # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action # Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables" # They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility # of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only. case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in *c*,-n*) echo_n= echo_c= ;; *c*,*) echo_n=-n echo_c= ;; *) echo_n= echo_c='\c' ;; esac parse_server_arguments() { for arg do case "$arg" in --basedir=*) basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir_set"; then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" ;; --datadir=*) datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` datadir_set=1 ;; --user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --pid-file=*) server_pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --use-mysqld_safe) use_mysqld_safe=1;; --use-manager) use_mysqld_safe=0;; esac done } parse_manager_arguments() { for arg do case "$arg" in --pid-file=*) pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; esac done } wait_for_pid () { verb="$1" manager_pid="$2" # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file i=0 avoid_race_condition="by checking again" while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do case "$verb" in 'created') # wait for a PID-file to pop into existence. test -s $pid_file && i='' && break ;; 'removed') # wait for this PID-file to disappear test ! -s $pid_file && i='' && break ;; *) echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed manager_pid" exit 1 ;; esac # if manager isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated if test -n "$manager_pid"; then if kill -0 "$manager_pid" 2>/dev/null; then : # the manager still runs else # The manager may have exited between the last pid-file check and now. if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then avoid_race_condition="" continue # Check again. fi # there's nothing that will affect the file. log_failure_msg "Manager of pid-file quit without updating file." return 1 # not waiting any more. fi fi echo $echo_n ".$echo_c" i=`expr $i + 1` sleep 1 done if test -z "$i" ; then log_success_msg return 0 else log_failure_msg return 1 fi } # Get arguments from the my.cnf file, # the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld] if test -x ./bin/my_print_defaults then print_defaults="./bin/my_print_defaults" elif test -x $bindir/my_print_defaults then print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults" elif test -x $bindir/mysql_print_defaults then print_defaults="$bindir/mysql_print_defaults" else # Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf conf=/etc/my.cnf print_defaults= if test -r $conf then subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$' dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//\1/' $conf` for d in $dirs do d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[ ]//g'` if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults" then print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults" break fi if test -x "$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults" then print_defaults="$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults" break fi done fi # Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults" fi # # Read defaults file from 'basedir'. If there is no defaults file there # check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there # extra_args="" if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf" then extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf" else if test -r "$datadir/my.cnf" then extra_args="-e $datadir/my.cnf" fi fi parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server` # Look for the pidfile parse_manager_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args manager` # # Set pid file if not given # if test -z "$pid_file" then pid_file=$datadir/mysqlmanager-`/bin/hostname`.pid else case "$pid_file" in /* ) ;; * ) pid_file="$datadir/$pid_file" ;; esac fi if test -z "$server_pid_file" then server_pid_file=$datadir/`/bin/hostname`.pid else case "$server_pid_file" in /* ) ;; * ) server_pid_file="$datadir/$server_pid_file" ;; esac fi case "$mode" in 'start') # Start daemon # Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..) cd $basedir manager=$bindir/mysqlmanager if test -x $libexecdir/mysqlmanager then manager=$libexecdir/mysqlmanager elif test -x $sbindir/mysqlmanager then manager=$sbindir/mysqlmanager fi echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL" if test -x $manager -a "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" then if test -n "$other_args" then log_failure_msg "MySQL manager does not support options '$other_args'" exit 1 fi # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script may # be overwritten at next upgrade. $manager --user=$user --pid-file=$pid_file >/dev/null 2>&1 & wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$? # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -w /var/lock/subsys then touch /var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager fi exit $return_value elif test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe then # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script # may be overwritten at next upgrade. pid_file=$server_pid_file $bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 & wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$? # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -w /var/lock/subsys then touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql fi exit $return_value else log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL manager ($manager) or server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)" fi ;; 'stop') # Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the # root password. # The RedHat / SuSE lock directory to remove lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager # If the manager pid_file doesn't exist, try the server's if test ! -s "$pid_file" then pid_file=$server_pid_file lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysql fi if test -s "$pid_file" then mysqlmanager_pid=`cat $pid_file` echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL" kill $mysqlmanager_pid # mysqlmanager should remove the pid_file when it exits, so wait for it. wait_for_pid removed "$mysqlmanager_pid"; return_value=$? # delete lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -f $lock_dir then rm -f $lock_dir fi exit $return_value else log_failure_msg "MySQL manager or server PID file could not be found!" fi ;; 'restart') # Stop the service and regardless of whether it was # running or not, start it again. if $0 stop $other_args; then $0 start $other_args else log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start." exit 1 fi ;; 'reload'|'force-reload') if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL" touch $server_pid_file else log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!" exit 1 fi ;; 'status') # First, check to see if pid file exists if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)" exit 0 else log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists" exit 1 fi else # Try to find appropriate mysqld process mysqld_pid=`pidof $sbindir/mysqld` if test -z $mysqld_pid ; then if test "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" ; then lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager else lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysql fi if test -f $lockfile ; then log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock exists" exit 2 fi log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running" exit 3 else log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found" exit 4 fi fi ;; *) # usage echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status} [ MySQL server options ]" exit 1 ;; esac exit 0 An unimportant aside: The previous users of the machine kept a messy home directory. Their home directory was /root. I've pasted a copy at http://www.pastebin.ca/2167496. My question: Why is there a /etc/init.d/mysql file on this Slackware machine? How could it have gotten there? P.S. This question is far from perfect. Please feel free to edit it.

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• Uwsgi starts from root but not as a service

  - by vittore

  I have nginx + uwsgi setup for flask website. thats my nginx server { listen 80; server_name _; location /static/ { alias /var/www/site/app/static/; } location / { uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:5080; include uwsgi_params; } } And here is my uwsgi config.xml <uwsgi> <socket>127.0.0.1:5080</socket> <autoload/> <daemonize>/var/log/uwsgi_webapp.log</daemonize> <pythonpath>/var/www/site/</pythonpath> <module>run:app</module> <plugins>python27</plugins> <virtualenv>/var/www/venv/</virtualenv> <processes>1</processes> <enable-threads/> <master /> <harakiri>60</harakiri> <max-requests>2000</max-requests> <limit-as>512</limit-as> <reload-on-as>256</reload-on-as> <reload-on-rss>192</reload-on-rss> <no-orphans/> <vacuum/> </uwsgi> When I trying to start uwsgi service (service uwsgi start) it says ok but there is no uwsgi process and I see the following in the log: *** Starting uWSGI 1.0.3-debian (64bit) on [Fri Oct 25 00:43:13 2013] *** compiled with version: 4.6.3 on 17 July 2012 02:26:54 current working directory: / writing pidfile to /run/uwsgi/app/gsk/pid detected binary path: /usr/bin/uwsgi-core setgid() to 33 setuid() to 33 limiting address space of processes... your process address space limit is 536870912 bytes (512 MB) your memory page size is 4096 bytes *** WARNING: you have enabled harakiri without post buffering. Slow upload could be rejected on post-unbuffered webservers *** uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 127.0.0.1:5080 fd 6 bind(): Permission denied [socket.c line 107] However when I start uwsgi as a root uwsgi --socket 127.0.0.1:5080 --module run --callab app --harakiri 15 --harakiri-verbose --logto2 tmp/uwsgi.log It starts just fine and after restarting nginx I can access website. What can be an issue ?

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• IIS 7.5 FTPS external access - 534 Policy requires SSL

  - by markmnl

  I have setup a FTP site that requires SSL but when I try connect to it externally I get the error: 220 Microsoft FTP Service 534 Policy requires SSL. I know - I set it so! Why doesnt it fetch the SSL cert from the site and allow me to logon?! (Incidentally beware of all the tutorials that Allow but do not Require SSL - while that will solve the problem it will be because SSL is not being used!). I suspect it may be I need a client that supports FTPS (FTP over SSL) and Windows explorer just uses IE which does not. But trying FileZilla and WinSCP I get a little further but then it hangs on TLS/SSL negotiation expecting a response from the server.... UPDATE: I have tried (from: http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/309/configuring-ftp-firewall-settings/): Configure the Passive Port Range for the FTP Service. Configure the external IPv4 Address for a Specific FTP Site. Configure the firewall to allow the FTP service to listen on all ports that it opens. Disabling stateful FTP filtering so that Windows Firewall will not block FTP traffic. And still I get (in FileZilla trying both Active and Passive): Status: Connecting to 203.x.x.x:21... Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message... Response: 220 Microsoft FTP Service Command: AUTH TLS Response: 234 AUTH command ok. Expecting TLS Negotiation. Status: Initializing TLS... Error: Connection timed out Error: Could not connect to server The Windows firewall logs unhelpfully have nothing to say.. UPDATE2: Turning the firewall off does not resolve the problem. I cannot believe how difficult it is to get something so simple to work and even once following the documentation it does not work. UPDATE3: Running FileZilla locally connecting through the loopback works in Active mode, in Passive mode I get up to: Command: LIST Response: 150 Opening BINARY mode data connection. Error: GnuTLS error -53: Error in the push function. Turning the firewall off at both ends I can still not connect the client and get the same error as above.

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• VMware Workstation reboot 32-bit host when starting 32/64-bit guest using VT-x

  - by Powerman

  I'm trying to start 64-bit guest (MacOSX and Windows7) on 32-bit host (Hardened Gentoo Linux, kernel 2.6.28-hardened-r9) using VMware Workstation (6.5.3.185404 and 7.0.1.227600). If VT-X disabled in BIOS, VMware refuse to start 64-bit guest (as expected). If VT-X enabled in BIOS, VMware start guest without complaining, but then, in about a second (I suppose as soon as guest try to switch on 64-bit) my host reboots (actually, it's more like reset - normal reboot procedure skipped and BIOS POST start immediately). My hardware is Core 2 Duo 6600 on ASUS P5B-Deluxe with latest stable BIOS 1101. I've power-cycled system, then enabled Vanderpool in BIOS. My CPU doesn't support Trusted Execution Technology, and there no way to disable it in BIOS. I've rebooted several times after that, sometimes with power-cycled, and ensure Vandertool is enabled in BIOS. I've also run VMware-guest64check-5.5.0-18463 tool, and it report "This host is capable of running a 64-bit guest operating system under this VMware product.". About a year ago I tried to disable hardened in kernel to ensure this isn't because of PaX/GrSecurity, but that doesn't help. I have not checked 32-bit guests with VT-X enabled yet, but without VT-X they works ok. ASUS provide "beta" BIOS updates, but according to their descriptions these updates doesn't fix this issue, so I'm not sure is it good idea to try it. My best guess now it's motherboard/BIOS bug. Any ideas? Update 1: I've tried to boot vt.iso provided at http://communities.vmware.com/docs/DOC-8978 and here is it report: CPU 0: VT is enabled on this core CPU 1: VT is enabled on this core Update 2: I've just tried to boot 32-bit guests (Windows7, Ubuntu9.04 and Gentoo) using all possible virtualization modes. In Automatic, Automatic with Replay, Binary translation everything works, in Intel VT-x/EPT or AMD-V/RVI I got message "This host does not support EPT. Using software virtualization with a software MMU." and everything works. BUT in Intel VT-x or AMD-V mode all 32-bit guests reset host just like 64-bit guests! So, this issue is not specific to 64-bit guests. One more thing. Using Intel VT-x or AMD-V mode for both 32/64-bit guests my host reset right after starting VM, i.e. before VM BIOS POST and before guest even start booting. But using Intel VT-x/EPT or AMD-V/RVI VM BIOS runs ok, then 64-bit guests start booting (Windows7 completed "Loading files" progressbar), and only after that host reset.

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• OSX 10.6.6 SSH md5 break-in check

  - by Alex

  Information Recently one of the linux servers that I access was compromised to steal passwords and ssh keys using a modified ssh binary. This lead me to question if the attacker had compromised my OSX Laptop which had ssh access turned on. A sophos virus scan turned up nothing, and I did not have rkhunter installed before the attack, so I could not compare hashes of the system binaries to be sure. However because OSX is relatively standard for each of their major releases, I asked fiends for md5 hashes md5 /usr/bin/ssh and md5 /usr/sbin/sshd as a basic first check to see if there was anything different about my machine. A few emails later I have found the following data: Version (Arch) [N] MD5 (/usr/bin/ssh) MD5 (/usr/sbin/sshd) OSX 10.5.8 (PPC) [3] 1e9fd483eef23464ec61c815f7984d61 9d32a36294565368728c18de466e69f1 OSX 10.5.8 (intel) [5] 1e9fd483eef23464ec61c815f7984d61 9d32a36294565368728c18de466e69f1 OSX 10.6.x (intel) [7] 591fbe723011c17b6ce41c537353b059 e781fad4fc86cf652f6df22106e0bf0e OSX 10.6.x (intel) [4] 58be068ad5e575c303ec348a1c71d48b 33dafd419194b04a558c8404b484f650 Mine 10.6.6 (intel) df344cc00a294c91230c65e8b7332a79 b5094ccf4cd074aaf573d4f5df75906a where N is the number of machines with with that MD5, and the last row is my laptop. The sample is relatively heterogeneous spaning a few years of different makes and models of Apples, and different versions of 10.6.x. The different hash for my system made me worried that these binaries might have been compromised. So I made sure that my backup for the week was good, and dived into formatting my system and reinstalling OSX. After reinstalling OSX from the manufacturer DVD, I found that the MD5 hash did not change for either ssh, or sshd. Goal Make sure that my system is does not have any malicious software. Should I be worried that this base install of OSX (with no other software installed) has been compromised? I have also updated my system to 10.6.6 and found no change as well. Other Information I am not sure if this is helpful information, but my laptop is a i7 15 inch MacBook Pro bought in Nov 2010, and here is some output from system_profiler: System Software Overview: System Version: Mac OS X 10.6.6 (10J567) Kernel Version: Darwin 10.6.0 64-bit Kernel and Extensions: No Time since boot: 1:37 Hardware: Hardware Overview: Model Name: MacBook Model Identifier: MacBook6,2 Processor Name: Intel Core i7 Processor Speed: 2.66 GHz Number Of Processors: 1 Total Number Of Cores: 2 L2 Cache (per core): 256 KB L3 Cache: 4 MB Memory: 4 GB Processor Interconnect Speed: 4.8 GT/s Boot ROM Version: MBP61.0057.B0C SMC Version (system): 1.58f16 Sudden Motion Sensor: State: Enabled On the laptop, I find: $ codesign -vvv /usr/bin/ssh /usr/bin/ssh: valid on disk /usr/bin/ssh: satisfies its Designated Requirement $ codesign -vvv /usr/sbin/sshd /usr/sbin/sshd: valid on disk /usr/sbin/sshd: satisfies its Designated Requirement $ ls -la /usr/bin/ssh -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 1001520 Feb 11 2010 /usr/bin/ssh $ ls -la /usr/sbin/sshd -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 1304800 Feb 11 2010 /usr/sbin/sshd $ ls -la /sbin/md5 -r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 65232 May 18 2009 /sbin/md5 Update So far I have not gotten an answer about this question, but if you could help by increasing the number of hashes that I can compare against, that would be great. To get hashes, and version numbers, run the following on osx: md5 /usr/bin/ssh md5 /usr/sbin/sshd ssh -V sw_vers

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• Error 80073701 when installing Windows 7 Service Pack 1

  - by Wagner Maestrelli

  I tried to install the Windows 7 Service Pack 1 using Windows Update and I got an error (code 80073701 - unknown error). I tried it again, same thing. Rebooted and tried again, same error. Before I tried to install the SP1 I had installed all the previous updates. I have Windows 7 Ultimate 32-bits. Has anyone gone through the same problem? Any ideas of what might be happening? Thanks! UPDATE: I installed the System Update Readiness Tool. Then, I tried to install the SP1 again, but the installation failed again with the same error. As I thought I was running out of options, I downloaded the SP1 package (500+ MB) and tried to install manually. Before that, I reinstalled the SUR Update. Well, the manual installation of the SP1 failed again. Then I learned about the c:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CheckSUR.log file (thanks Patches!). I checked it out. As I installed the SUR Update multiple times, the older logs are kept in the c:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CheckSUR.persist.log file. In the first time the SUR update was installed there was an error, which is said to have been fixed. In the subsequent logs, no errors were detected. The log with the error: ================================= Checking System Update Readiness. Binary Version 6.1.7600.20593 Package Version 7.0 2010-03-19 09:57 Checking Windows Servicing Packages Checking Package Manifests and Catalogs (f) CBS MUM Corrupt 0x800B0100 servicing\Packages\Microsoft-Windows-Client-LanguagePack-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~pt-BR~6.1.7600.16385.mum servicing\Packages\Microsoft-Windows-Client-LanguagePack-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~pt-BR~6.1.7600.16385.cat Package manifest cannot be validated by the corresponding catalog (fix) CBS MUM Corrupt CBS File Replaced Microsoft-Windows-Client-LanguagePack-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~pt-BR~6.1.7600.16385.mum from Cabinet: C:\Windows\CheckSur\v1.0\windows6.1-rtm-client-cab3-x86.cab. (fix) CBS Paired File CBS File also Replaced Microsoft-Windows-Client-LanguagePack-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~pt-BR~6.1.7600.16385.cat from Cabinet: C:\Windows\CheckSur\v1.0\windows6.1-rtm-client-cab3-x86.cab. Checking Package Watchlist Checking Component Watchlist Checking Packages Checking Component Store Summary: Seconds executed: 224 Found 1 errors Fixed 1 errors CBS MUM Corrupt Total count: 1 Fixed: CBS MUM Corrupt. Total count: 1 Fixed: CBS Paired File. Total count: 1 It seems it has something to do with the Brazilian Portuguese Language Pack, which happens to be my native language. Problem is I can't uninstall the language pack since it is my system default language. And I haven't found any place to download it so I could reinstall it manually. Well, any ideas? Thanks!

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• Veewee, Vagrant, Puppet, Erlang and RabbitMQ

  - by Tobias

  I am kinda stuck with a problem I am trying to wrap my head around for days now. Here is what I am doing: By using Veewee, I am creating a VirtualBox image and then I create a Vagrant box from it. See here, here Finally I run puppet from Vagrant to install RabbitMQ, see here. Veewee, Vagrant and VirtualBox all run on MacOS X 10.7.4. The vagrant box itself is CentOS 6.2. This worked fine for quite some time until I was recreating the VirtualBox image a couple of days ago. During installation of the rabbitmq-plugins during my puppet run I now get the following error: /Stage[main]/Rabbitmq/Exec[rabbitmq-plugins]/returns: erlexec: HOME must be set My RabbitMQ puppet configuration can be found on my GitHub repo for that project, but here is the most important part: $version = "2.8.7" $url = "http://www.rabbitmq.com/releases/rabbitmq-server/v${version}/rabbitmq-server-${version}-1.noarch.rpm" package{"erlang": ensure => "present", } package{"rabbitmq-server": provider => "rpm", source => $url, require => Package["erlang"] } exec{"rabbitmq-plugins": path => "/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin", command => "rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management", require => Package["rabbitmq-server"] } My additional repositories, e.g. epel, are defined in veewees postinstall.sh right at the top of the file. Finally, this is what I get when I do '/etc/init.d/rabbitmq-server status' [{pid,2834}, {running_applications,[{rabbit,"RabbitMQ","2.8.7"}, {ssl,"Erlang/OTP SSL application","4.1.6"}, {public_key,"Public key infrastructure","0.13"}, {crypto,"CRYPTO version 2","2.0.4"}, {mnesia,"MNESIA CXC 138 12","4.5"}, {os_mon,"CPO CXC 138 46","2.2.7"}, {sasl,"SASL CXC 138 11","2.1.10"}, {stdlib,"ERTS CXC 138 10","1.17.5"}, {kernel,"ERTS CXC 138 10","2.14.5"}]}, {os,{unix,linux}}, {erlang_version,"Erlang R14B04 (erts-5.8.5) [source] [64-bit] [rq:1] [async-threads:30] [kernel-poll:true]\n"}, {memory,[{total,24993120}, {processes,10328496}, {processes_used,10321296}, {system,14664624}, {atom,1175905}, {atom_used,1143841}, {binary,17192}, {code,11416020}, {ets,766168}]}, {vm_memory_high_watermark,0.4}, {vm_memory_limit,205851852}, {disk_free_limit,1000000000}, {disk_free,7089795072}, {file_descriptors,[{total_limit,924}, {total_used,4}, {sockets_limit,829}, {sockets_used,2}]}, {processes,[{limit,1048576},{used,131}]}, {run_queue,0}, {uptime,6}] Sources in the web suggest, that I have to set HOME. Of course I was logging into the box if HOME was set, for user vagrant it was '/home/vagrant' and for root it was 'root'. As always, any hints/ideas/suggestions/assumptions are more than welcome. Thanks a lot! Cheers, Tobi

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• Elasticsearch won't start anymore

  - by Oleander

  I restarted my elasticsearch instance 5 days ago and I haven't manage to start it since then. I get no output in the log file /var/log/elasticsearch/ nor does the elasticsearch binary print any information when running at using elasticsearch -f. I once manage to get this output. [2012-11-15 22:51:18,427][INFO ][node ] [Piper] {0.19.11}[29584]: initializing ... [2012-11-15 22:51:18,433][INFO ][plugins ] [Piper] loaded [], sites [] Running curl http://localhost:9200 resulted in curl: (7) couldn't connect to host. I've tried increasing the memory from 3gb to 10gb, but that didn't make any diffrence. Running /etc/init.d/elasticsearch start takes 30 seconds. ps aux | grep elasticsearch results in this output. /usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/exec/elasticsearch-linux-x86-64 /usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/elasticsearch.conf wrapper.syslog.ident=elasticsearch wrapper.pidfile=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/./elasticsearch.pid wrapper.name=elasticsearch wrapper.displayname=ElasticSearch wrapper.daemonize=TRUE wrapper.statusfile=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/./elasticsearch.status wrapper.java.statusfile=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/./elasticsearch.java.status wrapper.script.version=3.5.14 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java -Delasticsearch-service -Des.path.home=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch -Xss256k -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75 -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Djava.awt.headless=true -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Djava.library.path=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/lib -classpath /usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/lib/wrapper.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/elasticsearch-0.19.11.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/elasticsearch-0.19.11.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/jna-3.3.0.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-analyzers-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-core-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-highlighter-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-memory-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-queries-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/sigar/sigar-1.6.4.jar -Dwrapper.key=k7r81VpK3_Bb3N_5 -Dwrapper.port=32000 -Dwrapper.jvm.port.min=31000 -Dwrapper.jvm.port.max=31999 -Dwrapper.disable_console_input=TRUE -Dwrapper.pid=23888 -Dwrapper.version=3.5.14 -Dwrapper.native_library=wrapper -Dwrapper.service=TRUE -Dwrapper.cpu.timeout=10 -Dwrapper.jvmid=1 org.tanukisoftware.wrapper.WrapperSimpleApp org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.ElasticSearchF My current system: ElasticSearch Version: 0.19.11, JVM: 23.2-b09 Ubuntu 12.04 LTS I've tried re-install elasticsearch, removing old directories. Why can't I get it to start?

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• fink hangs while compiling Octave on OS X

  - by Mark Bennett

  Disclaimer: I'm totally new to Fink. I'm trying to install Octave (Matlab open source clone) on Mountain Lion using Fink, following instructions at http://wiki.octave.org/Octave_for_MacOS_X It's a new installation of Fink, and I've also installed X11 per instructions. I'm using this command (which I believe is correct since everything's 64 bit now): sudo fink install octave-atlas It's hanging after a while, showing this as it's last output: ... Setting up xft2-dev (2.2.0-2) ... Clearing dependency_libs of .la files being installed Reading buildlock packages... All buildlocks accounted for. /sw/bin/dpkg-lockwait -i /sw/fink/dists/stable/main/binary-darwin-x86_64/x11/xinitrc_1.5-1_darwin-x86_64.deb (Reading database ... 14871 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace xinitrc 1.5-1 (using .../xinitrc_1.5-1_darwin-x86_64.deb) ... Unpacking replacement xinitrc ... Setting up xinitrc (1.5-1) ... I did notice the process name on the terminal's tab was "sort", so the second time I hit this I tried Control-D (End-of-File), and this did seem to unstick it. I'm wondering if there's some misformed command and sort was trying to read from stdin? Questions: 1: Has anybody else seen this? Google wasn't helpful 2: Fink outputs a LOT of warnings and errors.... is that normal? 3: wondering if anybody's got Fink to compile Octave on Mountain Lion specifically? And whether they used just "octave" or "octave-atlas". Or if you got it working with MacPorts or Homebrew? 4: later Fink failed with "Failed: phase compiling: gnuplot-minimal-4.6.1-1 failed". I haven't started googling that yet... but wondering if anybody's see that? Also tried MacPorts but got other errors with Octave. And reading online it looks like HomeBrew also has issues with Octave on Mountain Lion. 5: Generally looking for anybody who's got Octave running on Mountain Lion with any of the package managers. I've been at this for a couple days ;-)

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• radvd is not assigning prefix

  - by Samik

  I'm currently trying to setup IPv6 address auto-configuration with router advertisement daemon (radvd) on a virtual machine running CentOS 6.5. But the eth0 interface is not obtaining that prefix. I've obtained the ULA prefix from here. Contents of /etc/sysctl.conf # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Do not accept source routing net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 0 # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename. # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications. kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 # Controls the use of TCP syncookies net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 # Disable netfilter on bridges. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 # Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue kernel.msgmnb = 65536 # Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmax = 65536 # Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 # Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages kernel.shmall = 4294967296 Contents of /etc/radvd.conf # NOTE: there is no such thing as a working "by-default" configuration file. # At least the prefix needs to be specified. Please consult the radvd.conf(5) # man page and/or /usr/share/doc/radvd-*/radvd.conf.example for help. # # interface eth0 { AdvSendAdvert on; MinRtrAdvInterval 3; MaxRtrAdvInterval 10; AdvDefaultPreference low; AdvHomeAgentFlag off; prefix fd8a:8d9d:808f:1::/64 { AdvOnLink on; AdvAutonomous on; AdvRouterAddr on; }; }; Contents of /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 HWADDR=52:54:00:74:d7:46 TYPE=Ethernet UUID=af5db1cb-e809-4098-be1a-5a74dbb767b1 ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no BOOTPROTO=dhcp IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes I've also enabled radvd at startup through chkconfig. Though I noticed that radvd is starting after interfaces are brought up. I've tried restarting the network service afterwards but still I get the following link-local address only #ip -6 addr show 1: lo: mtu 16436 inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: mtu 1500 qlen 1000 inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe74:d746/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever Edit: Based on the answer given by Sander Steffann I still need clarification on some points but I'm posting here what worked. Contents of /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=syslog-ng-server NETWORKING_IPV6=yes IPV6FORWARDING=yes Contents of /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 HWADDR=52:54:00:74:d7:46 TYPE=Ethernet UUID=af5db1cb-e809-4098-be1a-5a74dbb767b1 ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no BOOTPROTO=dhcp IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes IPV6FORWARDING=no Removed following line from /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1 Contents of /etc/radvd.conf is as previous.

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• How do I protect a low budget network from rogue DHCP servers?

  - by Kenned

  I am helping a friend manage a shared internet connection in an apartment buildling with 80 apartments - 8 stairways with 10 apartments in each. The network is laid out with the internet router at one end of the building, connected to a cheap non-managed 16 port switch in the first stairway where the first 10 apartments are also connected. One port is connected to another 16 port cheapo switch in the next stairway, where those 10 apartments are connected, and so forth. Sort of a daisy chain of switches, with 10 apartments as spokes on each "daisy". The building is a U-shape, approximately 50 x 50 meters, 20 meters high - so from the router to the farthest apartment it’s probably around 200 meters including up-and-down stairways. We have a fair bit of problems with people hooking up wifi-routers the wrong way, creating rogue DHCP servers which interrupt large groups of the users and we wish to solve this problem by making the network smarter (instead of doing a physical unplugging binary search). With my limited networking skills, I see two ways - DHCP-snooping or splitting the entire network into separate VLANS for each apartment. Separate VLANS gives each apartment their own private connection to the router, while DHCP snooping will still allow LAN gaming and file sharing. Will DHCP snooping work with this kind of network topology, or does that rely on the network being in a proper hub-and-spoke-configuration? I am not sure if there are different levels of DHCP snooping - say like expensive Cisco switches will do anything, but inexpensive ones like TP-Link, D-Link or Netgear will only do it in certain topologies? And will basic VLAN support be good enough for this topology? I guess even cheap managed switches can tag traffic from each port with it’s own VLAN tag, but when the next switch in the daisy chain receives the packet on it’s “downlink” port, wouldn’t it strip or replace the VLAN tag with it’s own trunk-tag (or whatever the name is for the backbone traffic). Money is tight, and I don’t think we can afford professional grade Cisco (I have been campaigning for this for years), so I’d love some advice on which solution has the best support on low-end network equipment and if there are some specific models that are recommended? For instance low-end HP switches or even budget brands like TP-Link, D-Link etc. If I have overlooked another way to solve this problem it is due to my lack of knowledge. :)

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