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• How to Modify a Cronjob Email Subject

  - by justinl

  I am running a half dozen different cron jobs from my hosting at Hostmonster.com. When a cronjob has been executed I receive an email with the output of the script. The email comes in the format of: From: Cron Daemon Subject: Cron /ramdisk/bin/php5 -c /home5/username/scheduled/optimize_mysql.bash The problem with this is that the subject of the email makes it very hard to read which cronjob the email is pertaining to. Is there a way to modify the subject of a cronjob email so that it's easier to read? For example: From: Cron Daemon Subject: Optimize MySQL Database

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• Why is the reported user "root" when a "normal user" executes "ps ux" on OS X? Is this normal behavi

  - by snies

  I am running OS X 10.6.1 . When i am logged in as a normal user of group staff and do a ps ux it lists my ps ux command as being run by root: snies 181 0.0 0.3 2774328 12500 ?? S 6:00PM 0:20.96 /System/Library... root 1673 0.0 0.0 2434788 508 s001 R+ 8:16AM 0:00.00 ps ux snies 177 0.0 0.0 2457208 984 ?? Ss 6:00PM 0:00.52 /sbin/launchd snies 1638 0.0 0.0 2435468 1064 s001 S 8:13AM 0:00.03 -bash Is this normal behaviour? And if so why? Please note that the user is not an Administrator account and is not able to sudo.

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• Login without running bash_profile or bashrc

  - by Tom Ritter

  So let's say one typoed something in their .bashrc that prevents him (or her) from logging in via ssh (i.e. the ssh login exits because of the error in the file). Is there any way that person could login without executing it (or .bashrc since the one runs the other), or otherwise delete/rename/invalidate the file? Suppose you don't have physical access to the machine, and this is the only user account with the ability to ssh in. For Reference: .bash_profile includes .bashrc: [[ -f ~/.bashrc ]] && . ~/.bashrc Edit: Things I have tried: ssh user@host "rm ~/.bashrc" scp nothing user@host:/RAID/home/tom/.bashrc ssh user@host "/bin/bash --norc" All give the error: /RAID/home/tom/.bashrc: line 16: /usr/local/bin/file: No such file or directory /RAID/home/tom/.bashrc: line 16: exec: /usr/local/bin/file: cannot execute: No such file or directory

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• issues changing default version when updating Python on Mac

  - by Emma

  I have a MacBook that came with Python 2.5 installed. I need use a newer version, so I downloaded 3.1 and installed it, then ran the "Update Profile Script" that came with it, which is supposed to change the default version of Python to the one I downloaded. It appeared to run fine and said process completed, but it didn't work. When I type "python" into the terminal it displays version 2.5, and I still can't install pygame, which requires at least Python 2.6. When I do vi .profile I get this: export PATH=.:/opt/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:$PATH export MANPATH=/opt/local/man:$MANPATH Setting PATH for Python 3.1 The orginal version is saved in .profile.pysave PATH="/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.1/bin:${PATH}" export PATH ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ".profile" 6L, 251C So it looks like the script did do something, but I don't know enough bash script to understand what. Does anyone know what the issue could be or how to fix it? Thanks a lot!

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• test of ICMP block

  - by Marcos

  In my bash scripts I have been using something like: until fping -u google.com; do echo "$0[$$] Network/DNS down?? $(date)" 1>&2 && sleep $(($RANDOM%(1 + ++trynum * 1) +1)).222; done to test for online connectivity. It halts in place, sleeping growing random intervals, until it can ping google.com again. Problem: At some sites ICMP pings are blocked altogether, and web pages are still reachable. What's a short way to test for this general case? Based on that test I will switch over to an http-based test like the exit status of curl -s google.com >/dev/null if that is a good one.

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• How to execute a shell script on startup?

  - by vijay.shad

  I have create a script to start a server(my first question). Now I want it to run on the system boot and start the defined server. What should I do to get this done? My findings tell me put this file in /etc/init.d location and it will execute when the system will boot. But I am not able to understand how the first argument on the startup will be start? Is this predefined somewhere to use start as $1? If I want to have a case startall that will start all the servers in the script, then what are the options I can manage. My Script is like this: #!/bin/bash case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; restart) $0 stop $0 start ;; *) echo "usage: $0 (start|stop|restart)" ;; esac

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• How to symlink folders and exclude certain files

  - by Jarrod White

  Hey Guys, I'm not a server guru (unfortunately) but have a decent knowledge of linux & bsd. I'm trying to symlink multiple instances of HLDS (game server) but need to exclude certain folders & config files to achieve this properly. I need to do it this way as HLDS loads many mods automatically, and putting an exception to disable the mods doesnt work for all of them. so basically i want: /home/user/hlds-install (the base install) /home/user/server1 /home/user/server2 etc... and then be able to manually put any configs/mods ive excluded into the server dir's so that each server can be configured individually. Can anyone tell me how to do this, perhaps some sort of bash script so that I can just change the targets to run it each time i want to create a new one. I have quite a number to make so doing the whole thing manually for each one definately isn't an option and im all for working smarter, not harder! Thanks :)

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• Video Thumbnails using ffmpeg

  - by LenzM

  I'm looking for a nice short easy way to create a series of thumbnails for any given video file. I'm almost there using ffmpeg, here's what I have: ffmpeg -i /tmp/video.avi -r 1 -ss 60 -r 1 foo-%03d.jpeg` The only problem is that this takes a shot every second and I'd like to make it every minute or so. I tried setting the -r value to 1/60 or .02 to no avail. For reference, here's the old script I was using that only worked for some files: #!/bin/bash # grab a screenshot every 60 seconds file=$1 orig_dir=`pwd` mins=`exiftool "$file" | grep "Duration" | awk -F : '{print $2}' | grep --only-matching '[0-9]*'` dir="$file-screenshots" mkdir "$dir" cd "$dir" mplayer -vo png -vf screenshot -sstep 60 -frames $mins -ao null "../$file" cd "$orig_dir" This doesn't have to be on the command line, it's just that it always ends up being easiest.

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• is there a small portable linux with good development environment?

  - by Sriram

  let me put it this way..! i use windows/ my company wants me to use windows i like Linux i don't want to use cygwin i want a simple portable Linux with a development environment aka( make,gcc,g++,llvm,...) with a bash and vi is enough for me no need any gui. these 4 points never change. ;) i tried damn small Linux.. its awesome but it doesn't have what i need. so is there a portable Linux distribution that i can run from windows using qemu or something with a good up2date development environment? thanks in advance

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• How to install vmware in Ubuntu 10.04

  - by piemesons

  I need to install minix3 in vmware. I m using ubuntu 10.04. i downlaoded vmware and now i am trying to install it using:-- sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-`uname -r` chmod +x VMware-Player*.bundle gksudo bash ./VMware-Player*.bundle VM Player Installer window popped up Clicked on the ‘Install’ button The progress bar started going; above the bar, it says that the installer is ‘Configuring’ This is was more than 15 minutes ago and still going. Nothing else is running on the system (consuming CPU, mem, …) Is the ‘Configuring’ step supposed to take this long? Seems to me it might be hung. Question: Did i do something wrong? Is there a log some place that can help me to debug this?

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• Screen startup apps

  - by stillinbeta

  I know that most people don't bother with things like screen anymore, but I happen to really like it, even in this GUI day and age. I still do most of my development from a BASH prompt, so it's extremely useful to me. What I'm wondering is what the easiest way is to start an instance of screen (stored in a shell script or .screenrc or somewhere else) so that it starts up with set commands already running in set windows. For example, I use a django test server, so I'd like one window to come up running "python manage.py runserver" and another blank, waiting for commands. The man page is wholly indecipherable. These old unix utilities can do quite nearly everything, so I'm sure this is possible, but I can't for the life of me figure out how. I

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• Running evrouter at boot with init.d, or after xserver starts

  - by J V

  I'm using evrouter to set up mouse button binds, and init.d to start it. My init.d file: #!/bin/bash #Simple init.d script to run evrouter ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: evrouter # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: Set evrouter bindings # Description: Set evrouter bindings at boot time. ### END INIT INFO config="/opt/hacks/evrouterrc" case "$1" in start|restart|reload|force-reload) evrouter -c "$config" /dev/input/event* ;; stop) echo "Evrouter is not a daemon, change settings file at '$config' and restart" ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 start" >&2 exit 3 ;; esac evrouter however complains that: evrouter: could not open display "". If evrouter requires xserver to be up, how do I get init to wait until after xserver starts to run this script? If xserver restarts will this script run automatically? Running this with sudo services evrouter start still results in this error, can init.d scripts not tell where my display is? (Not exactly familiar with init, runlevels, etc)

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• How do I get grep color in the file names before each match?

  - by chimerical

  If I run grep -ir "somethingtomatch" . from the current directory, I typically get results like this: ./some/path/file1.html: filecontent filecontent keyword filecontent ./some/path/file2.html: filecontent filecontent filecontent keyword ./some/path/file3.html: filecontent keyword filecontent filecontent ./some/path/file4.html: keyword filecontent filecontent filecontent I used grep --color=auto -ir 'somethingtomatch" . but it only highlights the keywords in white on a red highlight. I'm trying to get file names on the left color-coded too. How do I do that? I'm using Terminal.app in OS X with bash and xterm (and I tried xterm-color too).

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• Ant trouble with environment variables on Ubuntu

  - by Inaimathi

  Having some trouble with with ant reading environment variables in Ubuntu 9.1. Specifically, the build tasks my company uses has a token like ${env.CATALINA_HOME] in the main build.xml. I set CATALINA_HOME to the correct value in /etc/environment, ~/.pam_environment and (just to be safe) my .bashrc. I can see the correct value when I run printenv from bash, or when I eval (getenv "CATALINA_HOME") in emacs. Ant refuses to build to the correct directory though; instead I get a folder named ${env.CATALINA_HOME} in the same directory as my build.xml. Any idea what's happening there, and/or how to fix it?

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• How to restrict user to a particular folder in CentOS 6?

  - by Chris Demetriad

  I will need to create users so developers can log in and clone/pull/push changes/repositories from a github like platform. I've managed to add a user (using the root) to this CentOS machine; I now have this line in /etc/passwd: chris:x:32008:32010::/home/chris/public_html:/bin/bash ..and this in /etc/shadow: chris:$1$ruUeLtTu$onAY2hdu1J.UmHajEIlmR.:15385:0:99999:7::: I am able to SSH the server, I have permission to create a folder and I guess that should be enough. But I am able to see other files and folders outside public_html. How can I actually restrict the user to a particular directory so he can't "cd out" of his folder? Update: root@echo [~]# ls -ld /home/moove drwx--x--x 21 moove moove 4096 Mar 22 16:16 /home/moove/ root@echo [~]# ls -ld /home/moove/public_html drwxr-x--- 11 moove nobody 4096 Mar 27 11:29 /home/moove/public_html/ root@echo [~]# ls -ld /home/moove/public_html/dev drwxr-x--- 12 moove nobody 4096 Mar 27 14:47 /home/moove/public_html/dev/ root@echo [~]# ls -ld /home/moove/public_html/dev/arsenal drwxr-xr-x 3 arsenal moove 4096 Mar 27 14:53 /home/moove/public_html/dev/arsenal/

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• Unusually high memory usage on a CentOS VPS with 512 guaranteed RAM

  - by Andrei Bârsan

  I'm working on a medium-sized web application written in PHP that's running on a VPS with 512mb ram. The webapp hasn't been officially launched yet, so there isn't too much traffic going on, just me and a few other people working on it. There is another slightly smaller webapp also hosted on this machine, among 4-5 other small static sites. We are running Centos 5 32-bit & cPanel/WHM. This is the result of running ps aux and, as you can see, it's not using 100% of the RAM. However, on the hypanel overview, it's always shown as using aroun 500MB ram, just for running apache, mysql, and the lowest-memory-footprint versions of the mail server, ftp server etc. -bash-3.2# ps aux USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 0.0 2156 664 ? Ss 12:08 0:00 init [3] root 1123 0.0 0.0 2260 548 ? S<s 12:08 0:00 /sbin/udevd -d root 1462 0.0 0.0 1812 568 ? Ss 12:08 0:00 syslogd -m 0 named 1496 0.0 0.0 3808 820 ? Ss 12:08 0:00 nsd named 1497 0.0 0.0 10672 756 ? S 12:08 0:00 nsd named 1499 0.0 0.0 3880 584 ? S 12:08 0:00 nsd root 1514 0.0 0.1 7240 1064 ? Ss 12:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd root 1522 0.0 0.0 2832 832 ? Ss 12:08 0:00 xinetd -stayalive -pidfile /var/run/xinetd.pid root 1534 0.0 0.1 3712 1328 ? S 12:08 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql - mysql 1667 0.0 2.9 225680 30884 ? Sl 12:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/ --datadir=/var/lib/mysql - mailnull 1766 0.0 0.1 9352 1100 ? Ss 12:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/exim -bd -q60m root 1797 0.0 0.0 2156 708 ? Ss 12:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/dovecot root 1798 0.0 0.0 2632 1012 ? S 12:08 0:00 dovecot-auth root 1816 0.0 3.0 38580 32456 ? Ss 12:08 0:01 /usr/local/bin/spamd -d --allowed-ips=127.0.0.1 --pidfi root 1839 0.0 1.6 63200 17496 ? Ss 12:08 0:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL root 1846 0.0 0.1 5416 1468 ? Ss 12:08 0:00 pure-ftpd (SERVER) root 1848 0.0 0.1 6212 1244 ? S 12:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/pure-authd -s /var/run/ftpd.sock -r /usr/sbin root 1856 0.0 0.1 4492 1112 ? Ss 12:08 0:00 crond root 1864 0.0 0.0 2356 428 ? Ss 12:08 0:00 /usr/sbin/atd dovecot 1927 0.0 0.1 5196 1952 ? S 12:08 0:00 pop3-login dovecot 1928 0.0 0.1 5196 1948 ? S 12:08 0:00 pop3-login dovecot 1929 0.0 0.1 5316 2012 ? S 12:08 0:00 imap-login dovecot 1930 0.0 0.2 5416 2228 ? S 12:08 0:00 imap-login root 1939 0.0 0.1 3936 1964 ? S 12:08 0:00 cPhulkd - processor root 1963 0.0 0.8 15876 8564 ? S 12:08 0:00 cpsrvd (SSL) - waiting for connections root 1966 0.0 0.7 15172 7748 ? S 12:08 0:00 cpdavd - accepting connections on 2077 and 2078 root 1990 0.0 0.2 5008 3136 ? S 12:08 0:00 queueprocd - wait to process a task root 2017 0.0 2.9 38580 31020 ? S 12:08 0:00 spamd child root 2018 0.0 0.5 8904 5636 ? S 12:08 0:00 /usr/bin/perl /usr/local/cpanel/bin/leechprotect nobody 2021 0.0 3.2 66512 33724 ? S 12:08 0:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL nobody 2022 0.0 3.1 67812 33024 ? S 12:08 0:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL nobody 2024 0.0 1.9 64364 20680 ? S 12:08 0:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL root 2027 0.0 0.4 9000 4540 ? S 12:08 0:00 tailwatchd root 2032 0.0 0.1 4176 1836 ? SN 12:08 0:00 cpanellogd - sleeping for logs nobody 3096 0.0 1.9 64572 20264 ? S 12:09 0:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL nobody 3097 0.0 2.8 66008 30136 ? S 12:09 0:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL nobody 3098 0.0 2.8 65704 29752 ? S 12:09 0:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL nobody 3099 0.0 3.1 67260 32816 ? S 12:09 0:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL andrei 3448 0.0 0.1 3204 1632 ? S 12:50 0:00 imap nobody 3537 0.0 1.9 64308 20108 ? S 13:01 0:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL nobody 3614 0.0 1.9 64576 20628 ? S 13:10 0:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL nobody 3615 0.0 1.3 63200 14672 ? S 13:10 0:00 /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start -DSSL root 3626 0.0 0.2 10232 2964 ? Rs 13:14 0:00 sshd: root@pts/0 root 3648 0.0 0.1 3844 1600 pts/0 Ss 13:14 0:00 -bash root 3826 0.0 0.0 2532 908 pts/0 R+ 13:21 0:00 ps aux Lately, without any significant changes to the configuration, the memory usage started peaking and going over 512, causing the virtual server to kill apache, basically murdering our site in the process. Do you have any idea if this is normal and more resources should be acquired? I don't think... since there isn't too much data or traffic online yet.

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• Avoid unwanted path in Zip file

  - by jerwood

  I'm making a shell script to package some files. I'm zipping a directory like this: zip -r /Users/me/development/something/out.zip /Users/me/development/something/folder/ The problem is that the resultant out.zip archive has the entire file path in it. That is, when unzipped, it will have the whole "/Users/me/development/anotherthing/" path in it. Is it possible to avoid these deep paths when putting a directory into an archive? When I run zip from inside the target directory, I don't have this problem. zip -r out.zip ./folder/ In this case, I don't get all the junk. However, the script in question will be called from wherever. FWIW, I'm using bash on Mac OS X 10.6.

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• Is there a way to prevent output from backgrounded tasks from covering the command line in a shell?

  - by Chris Pick

  I would like to be able to run task(s) in the background of a shell and not have their output to stdout or stderr cover the command line at the bottom. Frequently I need to run other commands to interact with the background processes and would like to do so from the same shell without having to open up another terminal or using multiplexer to split the terminal like screen. Ideally there would be some setting that I just don't know about (I commonly use bash or ksh), but a new or different shell or a script would be fine by me. I'm open to any suggestions and appreciate any help, thanks.

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• How to reliably take Java Heap Dumps?

  - by karlcyr

  My team is running into difficulties when trying to take good heap dumps triggered by OutOfMemoryErrors. For specific reasons we are currently taking the dumps with jmap called from a bash script instead of using the HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError flag. We're using a 64-bit 1.6 JVM with a heap size around 3 GB. Our heap dumps fail 90% of the time (guesstimate). Is there anything we can do to improve our odds of getting a clean heap dump we can use to troubleshoot memory problems? I have read that jmap had major issues in Java 1.4 but that those issues should be mostly addressed now.

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• ^C not working in zsh on Mac OSX

  - by Vitaly Kushner

  Ctrl-C stopped working for me at the terminal when using zsh (on mac osx). I didn't notice the exact moment that it happend so I can't be sure what caused it. I didd't update zsh in a while though. and didn't touch .zshrc (I have it at a repo http://github.com/astrails/dotzsh) If I run bash, ^C works in it. If I run any command, like cat, ^C will work to stop it too. but inside zsh it just doesn't do anything. bindkey | grep \\^C gives "^B"-"^C" self-insert zsh 4.3.10 (i386-apple-darwin10.4.3), installed though ports (zsh-devel @4.3.10_0+doc+examples+mp_completion+pcre) mac os 10.6.6

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• how to compile VTK on Mac Air

  - by Ilan Tal

  I am trying to compile VTK on a Mac after successfully doing so on Linux. I am using CMake 2.8.9 and for a long time I had a problem where it couldn't find jni.h. If anyone else has the problem, the answer is to have JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH2 point to "-framework JavaVM". After that it successfully finds JNI and does a "Configure" followed by "Generate". According to the instructions I have the next step should be easy: in a terminal run "make -j 2". I get a message "-bash: make: command not found". Strange.... I am in the vtkBuild directory, which seems the most reasonable place. I even tried the parent directory where I have the VTK source but that didn't work either. I ran a make under Linux and had no troubles, so what do I need to do with the Mac? Thanks, Ilan

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• external SCSI tape drive DAT 72 problem Solaris 10

  - by Hassan

  Hi all, I have solaris 10 sparc running and working very well but i have problem with external SCSI tape drive DAT 72 problem it seems to me the tape drive is manufactured by SUN microsystems when i ran mt -f /dev/rmt/0 status it reveals the following output bash-3.00# mt -f /dev/rmt/0 status /dev/rmt/0: No such file or directory when i ran ls -l it reveals the following output ls -l /dev/rmt/0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 43 Sep 20 2006 /dev/rmt/0 -> ../../devices/pci@8,600000/scsi@1,1/st@3,0: it seems to me everything is okay SCSI cable is connected properly to Tape device and to server as well the tape has SCSI termination dongle as well and connected properly to Tape device as well any ideas would be a great assist Thanks in advance

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• Why is the reported user "root" when a "normal user" executes "ps ux" on OSX? Is this normal behavio

  - by snies

  I am running OS X 10.6.1 . When i am logged in as a normal user of group staff and do a ps ux it lists my ps ux command as being run by root: snies 181 0.0 0.3 2774328 12500 ?? S 6:00PM 0:20.96 /System/Library... root 1673 0.0 0.0 2434788 508 s001 R+ 8:16AM 0:00.00 ps ux snies 177 0.0 0.0 2457208 984 ?? Ss 6:00PM 0:00.52 /sbin/launchd snies 1638 0.0 0.0 2435468 1064 s001 S 8:13AM 0:00.03 -bash Is this normal behaviour? And if so why? Please note that the user is not an Administrator account and is not able to sudo.

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• using svnadmin in a php script

  - by fabjoa

  Howdie Scenario: Allow developers to submit new application packages to a market server. Developers run a bash script which contains a cURL call to market server (localhost/market/submit/$app-name). The submit script on the server creates a new folder in existing svn server with the name of the submitted app. Script on dev side waits for HTTP to issue a success message and then do a svn checkout in dev local machine. Problem: The submit script on the market server failed to create new svn directory through code: echo `svnadmin mkdir -m 'added new package $package' http://localhost/market/packages/$package`; this does not echo nothing and when I go on http://localhost/market/packages, the folder has not been added and the revision number has not been incremented. I've tried from a terminal in market server chown root:www-data /usr/bin/svnadmin but still no luck. Somebody has come acrosss similar problem? Any solutions? Thanks! Profile: Linux/Ubuntu, apache subversion

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• Clear scr does not work

  - by idea_

  I haven't been able to use the "clear scr" command in a while, as I get the following error: root@server:~# clear The program 'clear' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: apt-get install ncurses-bin bash: clear: command not found root@server:~# apt-get install ncurses-bin Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done ncurses-bin is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. I'm using Ubuntu Server 9.10. I did some development with the ncurses library a while ago, so I've no doubt broken something.

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