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• High Lock Wait ratio in MySQL

  - by FunkyChicken

  on my site I log every pageview (date,ip,referrer,page,etc) in a simple mysql table. This table gets very little selects (3 per minute), but a lot of inserts. (about 100 per second) Today I changed this table from an InnoDB table to a MEMORY table, this made sense to me to prevent unnecessary hard disk IO. I also prune this table once per minute, to make sure it never get's too big. -- Performance wise, things are running fine. But I noticed that while running tuning-primer, that my Current Lock Wait ratio is quite high. Current Lock Wait ratio = 1 : 561 My question: Should I worry about this Lock Wait Ratio? And is there something I can change in my my.cnf to improve things so that the lock wait ratio isn't so high?

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• Spam mail through SMTP and user spoofing

  - by Josten Moore

  I have noticed that it's possible to telnet into a mailserver that I own and send spoofed messages to other clients. This only works for the domain that the mail server is regarding; I cannot do it for other domains. For example; lets say that I own example.com. If I telnet example.com 25 I can successfully send a message to another user without authentication: HELO local MAIL FROM: [email protected] RCPT TO: [email protected] DATA SUBJECT: Whatever this is spam Spam spam spam . I consider this a big problem; how do I secure this?

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• What are the essential considerations for setting up systems in a location with unreliable power?

  - by dunxd

  I deal with a lot of remote offices located in parts of the world where the local grid power supply is unreliable. Power can go off anytime with no warning, with outages ranging from minutes to days Power fluctuation is wild, with spikes and brown outs Currently the offices will have some or all of the following: A generator, with an inverter, or some sort of manual switch A big UPS or battery array connecting a number of devices Several smaller APC UPS with computers attached Low cost Voltage Regulators sometimes connected between mains and UPS or device. I know that each of these things needs to be appropriately rated for the equipment to which it is connected (although I am not sure how to calculate the correct rating). The offices will generally have the following equipment (in varying quantities): some sort of internet connection device (VSAT router, ADSL modem, WiMax router) Cisco ASA 5505 firewall a bunch of PCs printers one server I don't seek to replace the advice of an electrician, but in some of these locations they only answer the questions you ask them, so I need to make sure I have enough understanding of the essentials to protect equipment from damage, and possibly get through some power cuts.

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• Standalone server setup for compute capacity

  - by mikera

  I'm developing an application for my company that will require a lot of compute capacity (running some very big mathematical calculations), and looking for some form of server setup to do this. For various reasons, we want to run this on-site in our office rather than hosting it externally. It's been a while since I last had to set up my own servers so I thought I would tap into the collective wisdom of serverfault! My broad requirements are: Budget $30-50k, with an aim to get as much compute capacity as possible for that budget 64-bit servers suitable to run Ubuntu Linux + Java Some relatively standalone rack that can be installed in secure office space Fast/low latency network connections between the servers, but don't really care about connectivity to the outside world Storage capacity shared between the servers - they don't necessarily need their own storage providing they can be booted from a common image Downtime can be tolerated (since the calculations are run in batch mode) The software itself is fault-tolerant, so there is no need for extra resiliency in the server setup (cheap replaceable commodity parts will be fine in general) Given these requirements what kind of setup would you recommend and why?

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• How to make local apache server public/visible ?

  - by George

  Hello. I am running an Apache2 server on a Fedora 13. I'd like to make it publicly accessible(visible).For example I'd like when somebody types http://my.ip.numbes/ that they would see what I have in my document root folder. Just for a presentation of a course work at university. Permissions are set to 755. User owning the document root is apache. SELinux is temporarily disabled. But port 80 is closed. I tried to open it by adding an entry to iptables and restarting them, no change. I guess I am missing something big here. Help would be greatly appreciated. Note: I have a static (public, real) IP address.

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• MariaDB, Galera, xtrabackup - do I need the binary log?

  - by bernhardrusch

  We are using a MariaDB Galera Cluster with 3 nodes. For the state transfer we are using xtrabackup. We have some problems with the binary logs - they got too big and crashed the server. We can remove them manually with the purge binary logs command, another way would be to set the expire_logs_days so they would expire. I now that we could use xtrabackup to backup the DB and use the binlog to get to some point in time. But do we really need it for Galera to work ?

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• e2fsck extremly slow, although enough memory exists

  - by kaefert

  I've got this external USB-Disk: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ lsusb -s 2:3 Bus 002 Device 003: ID 0bc2:3320 Seagate RSS LLC As can be seen in this dmesg output, there are some problems that prevents that disk from beeing mounted: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ dmesg | grep sdb [ 114.474342] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.475089] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off [ 114.475092] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 43 00 00 00 [ 114.475959] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA [ 114.477093] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.501649] sdb: sdb1 [ 114.502717] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] 732566645 4096-byte logical blocks: (3.00 TB/2.72 TiB) [ 114.504354] sd 5:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk [ 116.804408] EXT4-fs (sdb1): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 3976 failed (47397!=61519) [ 116.804413] EXT4-fs (sdb1): group descriptors corrupted! So I went and fired up my favorite partition manager - gparted, and told it to verify and repair the partition sdb1. This made gparted call e2fsck (version 1.42.4 (12-Jun-2012)) e2fsck -f -y -v /dev/sdb1 Although gparted called e2fsck with the "-v" option, sadly it doesn't show me the output of my e2fsck process (bugreport https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=467925 ) I started this whole thing on Sunday (2012-11-04_2200) evening, so about 48 hours ago, this is what htop says about it now (2012-11-06-1900): PID USER PRI NI VIRT RES SHR S CPU% MEM% TIME+ Command 3704 root 39 19 1560M 1166M 768 R 98.0 19.5 42h56:43 e2fsck -f -y -v /dev/sdb1 Now I found a few posts on the internet that discuss e2fsck running slow, for example: http://gparted-forum.surf4.info/viewtopic.php?id=13613 where they write that its a good idea to see if the disk is just that slow because maybe its damaged, and I think these outputs tell me that this is not the case in my case: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: Timing cached reads: 3562 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1783.29 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 82 MB in 3.01 seconds = 27.26 MB/sec kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo hdparm /dev/sdb /dev/sdb: multcount = 0 (off) readonly = 0 (off) readahead = 256 (on) geometry = 364801/255/63, sectors = 5860533160, start = 0 However, although I can read quickly from that disk, this disk speed doesn't seem to be used by e2fsck, considering tools like gkrellm or iotop or this: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ iostat -x Linux 3.2.0-2-amd64 (blechmobil) 2012-11-06 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 14,24 47,81 14,63 0,95 0,00 22,37 Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rkB/s wkB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await r_await w_await svctm %util sda 0,59 8,29 2,42 5,14 43,17 160,17 53,75 0,30 39,80 8,72 54,42 3,95 2,99 sdb 137,54 5,48 9,23 0,20 587,07 22,73 129,35 0,07 7,70 7,51 16,18 2,17 2,04 Now I researched a little bit on how to find out what e2fsck is doing with all that processor time, and I found the tool strace, which gives me this: kaefert@blechmobil:~$ sudo strace -p3704 lseek(4, 41026998272, SEEK_SET) = 41026998272 write(4, "\212\354K[_\361\3nl\212\245\352\255jR\303\354\312Yv\334p\253r\217\265\3567\325\257\3766"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404766720, SEEK_SET) = 48404766720 read(4, "\7t\260\366\346\337\304\210\33\267j\35\377'\31f\372\252\ffU\317.y\211\360\36\240c\30`\34"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 41027002368, SEEK_SET) = 41027002368 write(4, "\232]7Ws\321\352\t\1@[+5\263\334\276{\343zZx\352\21\316`1\271[\202\350R`"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404770816, SEEK_SET) = 48404770816 read(4, "\17\362r\230\327\25\346//\210H\v\311\3237\323K\304\306\361a\223\311\324\272?\213\tq \370\24"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 41027006464, SEEK_SET) = 41027006464 write(4, "\367yy>x\216?=\324Z\305\351\376&\25\244\210\271\22\306}\276\237\370(\214\205G\262\360\257#"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 48404774912, SEEK_SET) = 48404774912 read(4, "\365\25\0\21|T\0\21}3t_\272\373\222k\r\177\303\1\201\261\221$\261B\232\3142\21U\316"..., 4096) = 4096 ^CProcess 3704 detached around 16 of these lines every second, so 4 read and 4 write operations every second, which I don't consider to be a lot.. And finally, my question: Will this process ever finish? If those numbers from fseek (48404774912) represent bytes, that would be something like 45 gigabytes, with this beeing a 3 terrabyte disk, which would give me 134 days to go, if the speed stays constant, and he scans the disk like this completly and only once. Do you have some advice for me? I have most of the data on that disk elsewhere, but I've put a lot of hours into sorting and merging it to this disk, so I would prefer to getting this disk up and running again, without formatting it anew. I don't think that the hardware is damaged since the disk is only a few months and since I can't see any I/O errors in the dmesg output. UPDATE: I just looked at the strace output again (2012-11-06_2300), now it looks like this: lseek(4, 1419860611072, SEEK_SET) = 1419860611072 read(4, "3#\f\2447\335\0\22A\355\374\276j\204'\207|\217V|\23\245[\7VP\251\242\276\207\317:"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018145792, SEEK_SET) = 43018145792 write(4, "]\206\231\342Y\204-2I\362\242\344\6R\205\361\324\177\265\317C\334V\324\260\334\275t=\10F."..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 1419860615168, SEEK_SET) = 1419860615168 read(4, "\262\305\314Y\367\37x\326\245\226\226\320N\333$s\34\204\311\222\7\315\236\336\300TK\337\264\236\211n"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018149888, SEEK_SET) = 43018149888 write(4, "\271\224m\311\224\25!I\376\16;\377\0\223H\25Yd\201Y\342\r\203\271\24eG<\202{\373V"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 1419860619264, SEEK_SET) = 1419860619264 read(4, ";d\360\177\n\346\253\210\222|\250\352T\335M\33\260\320\261\7g\222P\344H?t\240\20\2548\310"..., 4096) = 4096 lseek(4, 43018153984, SEEK_SET) = 43018153984 write(4, "\360\252j\317\310\251G\227\335{\214`\341\267\31Y\202\360\v\374\307oq\3063\217Z\223\313\36D\211"..., 4096) = 4096 So this number of the lseeks before the reads, like 1419860619264 are already a lot bigger, standing for 1.29 terabytes if the numbers are bytes, so it doesn't seem to be a linear progress on a big scale, maybe there are only some areas that need work, that have big gaps in between them. (times are in CET)

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• Outlook is trying to retrieve data from Microsoft Exchange

  - by Adrian Baker

  Some of my users on my network keep getting a pop up message saying "Outlook is trying to retrieve data from Microsoft Exchange". Microsoft Office 2003 is installed on these computers and when this message appears it freezes every users outlook. I have read some articles, and they say it a problem with 2002 and 2003 version of outlook. So I have changed some users Office to MS Office 2007 but still I have the same problem. This is become a big problem as it is happening often and users are getting annoyed. If anyone can give me some advise on how to solve this problem and what could be causing this problem I would be most grateful.

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• Crossplatform "jail" for an application

  - by Alexander

  We currently have a variety of systems (Linux, Solarix, *BSD, HP-UX ...) on which we are not allowed to install anything into / (but I have root access. That's strange, I know). But we'd like to run Puppet on all of them. So, the obvious idea is to install Puppet with all prebuilt dependencies into some isolated tree, something like "jail", which will allow to use dependences from some prefix and to access the host system. The big advatanges would be uniform deployment and updates. One solution that came to my mind is to deploy Gentoo Prefix, and install Puppet there with package manager. However, this requires a lot of extra space and some manual patching for each system. Maybe there are some more elegant and simple solutions?

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• Convert old videos to have smaller sizes

  - by Tim

  I have some videos from a few years ago,with various formats, such as avi, mpg, wmv, rm, rmvb, .... Their sizes are huge(more than 500 MB, and sometimes 1GB). Given there may likely be some advance in data compression, I would like to know which file formats and compression methods are recommended these days, by the standard that without losing obvious data, while achieving big size reduction. How can I perform the file format conversion and data compression in Ubuntu 12.04? Command line and batch ways would be the most convenient, although GUI ways are also appreciated. Thanks and regards!

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• Can irssi ignore the 24h dsl-reconnect

  - by mcnesium

  A couple of weeks ago I had to switch my ISP from cable to DSL. Now I have this ridiculous disconnect and reconnect every 24h. It's no big deal insofar as having a new IP address every day, but for one exception. Since I host my irssi screen on a machine inside the LAN, my history gets affected by the reconnect in terms of a topic announcement, the users in each channel, creation date and so on. It's about 10 lines of redundant content every day. This is annoying especially in channels with very little traffic, because you hardly see the actual content in line with the every-day-junk. So I was wondering if I can tell irssi to silently ignore the reconnection details, so that my only meta-content in each channel goes back to "Day changed to ...", like back in the days of cable-internet.

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• Music player for ubuntu similar to iTunes

  - by Allwar

  Hi, I really like Itunes as a music player but i can't get it to work in ubuntu so I need another one! functions i want: shuffle, low cpu usage, a friendly interface and free of bugs. (friendly interface = esay to use) why not use rythmbox, well it has bugs, the shuffle button doesn't work because it shuffles the next song after each song. So when i use it it's just a big loop over three different songs! i want the itunes look, like it shuffles once and lets you see in what order the songs will be played. //Alvar

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• In Outlook 2010, can you add "Categories" to the "New Email" Ribbon?

  - by Jeff

  I couldn't figure out how to do this in Outlook 2007, and I was hoping I could do it in Outlook 2010... I want the ability to quickly apply a category when composing a new email (typically a "Waiting For..." category) for things that need a response. It is possible to apply a category by clicking the "Options" ribbon, then the little arrow under the More Options section - but why can't I get the nice big "Categories" drop-down that's available in the "Tags" section of the main Outlook window. There are about a kabillion commands in the "Customize Ribbon" dialog box for the New Mail window, but I couldn't find anything about Categories. Should I just give up?

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• Image archiving on network folders.

  - by Steve

  Our company uses Symantec Enterprise Vault to archive network folders and files, presumably to save on disk space. I can't see any other benefits. Our company is an architectural firm, and the problem our users face is locating particular images in network folders. Because all the files are archived, Windows Explorer is unable to generate image thumbnails. Each image needs to be individually restored from archive by double-click before it can be viewed. This is a big time-waster for our architects. Symantec say there is no workaround for this. Does anyone know of an alternative we could use for archiving images? Alternatively, some batch utility to create and maintain a thumbs.db file in each folder? Thanks.

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• Installing VMWare Tools in Windows Server 2008 fails system startup

  - by Hoghweed

  I recently created a vmware virtual machine with windows server 2008 enterprise as Guest. My host is Ubuntu 10.04 on my Lenovo laptop. I fall into a big trouble which makes my created VM unusable after I've installed VMWare Tools. After installing tools I'm able to run the system only in safe mode. After some event manager analysis I found the issue is with drivers installed by vnmware tools. Any one has got the same issue? Is there any good practice for doing that? The configuration of vm machine is the following CPU : 1 RAM : 1020 HD : 40GB Splitted files, SCSI CD : IDE Thanks in advance

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• Why are graphics cards upside-down?

  - by gbjbaanb

  This is something that has always bugged me - when I install a card into a desktop (ie mini tower) case, the fan is always facing down. Surely, making the card so the components and fan is on the top would help a lot with cooling, allowing those whiney fans to spin a little slower. I know some card manufacturers tried to mitigate this by adding heat pipes and big heatsinks on the back of the card.. but they still put the bits on the same way as everyone else! So, does anyone know why they're all upside-down?

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• Drupal + GMap macro, map markers not displayed

  - by mingos

  Hi. I've run into a strange problem in the GMap module for Drupal. When I display a map inside a node using a GMap macro, everything is displayed correctly (according to what I specify in the macro or leave at default), save for map markers. I'm trying to specify a map marker, but it refuses to be displayed. My macro is the following: [gmap zoom=17 |center=53.77420697757659,20.474138259887695 |markers=big blue::53.77420697757659,20.474138259887695] I was unable to find any help on Drupal forums, both the official one and one local to my country. For completeness' sake, I do not wish to use a GMap view, just add a macro in a regular node. Hope you can help me find a solution. Thanks in advance for your replies...

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• How to make TortoiseHg pull certain branch only?

  - by mark

  I have cloned the default branch of a big repository and now I wish to pull from the server using the TortoiseHg client. However, TortoiseHg proposes to pull from all the branches. Is it possible to instruct it to pull from the current branch only? So far I have seen suggestions to: Setup a hook on the client side to reject pulls from unwanted branches Check incoming revisions in TortoiseHg and only pull the ones belonging to the current branch Use the Mercurial ACL extension to deny access to all the branches, but the current one. I dislike all of these solutions, since all of them are client based. In all of them TortoiseHg actually pulls all of the branches (even in the second, where the pulled revisions are arranged into a bundle presented in the incoming revisions view) Is there an hg pull -b BRANCH equivalent in TortoiseHg? Thanks. EDIT I know how to do all of this using the Mercurial command line client - hg.exe. This question is specifically about the TortoiseHg GUI client.

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• Smart backup software

  - by gisek

  I use a laptop on daily basis. As I have a lot of important data there it would be nice to do backups of some directories every day. Can you recommend a specific application that would take care of it? Maybe there is an app that would instantly commit changes I make in a directory on my laptop to the backup folder? The important thing is that I have some big files (a few GB's) that have some minor changes very often. I'm talking about VirtualBox disk images. It would be nice if the software could handle it smartly. Also notice that I'd like to store it on an external usb HDD, which sometimes isn't plugged in.

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• SSD on Vmware ESXI 4 (TRIM? Good Idea?)

  - by nextgenneo

  Hi, I just posted about finding bottle necks and have narrowed it down to having way too many VMs on my machine on one 15K SAS drive. I have plenty of cores and plenty of ram. So I am planning on putting 6 VMs on one drive (so 5 drives for 30 VMs). I am thinking of using a 60GB Vertex 2 SSD. Each of my VMs will only need about 6GB of HDD space so this isn't a big deal. My questions are: does ESXI support Trim and do I really need it if I leave 25% of the drive as free space? If I need it should I get a diff drive that handles garbage collection differently? I have a RAID controller w/ write caching. I will still benefit from this? Will this effect my setup differently? Is there anything I need to consider regarding SSD's in virtualized environments. Thanks for any and all help!

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• Running OpenVZ virtual servers within a Xen XCP vritual server? Bad practice?

  - by Damainman

  I have a 1 server with 8GB RAM and 2xQuadcore Processors. It currently has the Xen XCP installed on it, and centos6.2 x64 running on a virtual machine. I have a server control panel software that I want to use and it allows the administration via a web interface for Openvz machines. My questions are: Would this be considered bad practice? Would there be a big performance hit? Should I avoid this all together or am I going about it all wrong? Thank you in advance.

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• Can't burn 8.1G iso onto 8.4GB DVD - "Media does not have enough free space"

  - by Max Williams

  I'm trying to burn a dvd on a mac with an external (firewire-connected) dvd drive. I'm checking the size of the iso thus: DVD-4:dvd_files macbook$ ls -l /tmp/hybrid.iso -rw-r--r-- 1 macbook wheel 8700884992 Aug 22 10:57 /tmp/hybrid.iso DVD-4:dvd_files macbook$ ls -lh /tmp/hybrid.iso -rw-r--r-- 1 macbook wheel 8.1G Aug 22 10:57 /tmp/hybrid.iso The "human-readable" size is 8.1 Gig but when i try to burn, onto an 8.4G dual-layer dvd, it says "Media does not have enough free space" The definition of a "Gigabyte" according to Wikipedia is 1 billion bytes, so the iso size should actually be 8.7 Gig according to this definition, in which case the disk definitely isn't big enough, and it's just that the -h option to ls is misleading. Is the discrepancy just due to the ls command using a different definition of "G" (eg 1024 Meg aka 1.07 Gig? This comes out as 8.103 which fits what ls is displaying)

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• Any good resources on setting up an ubuntu virtual machine for web development?

  - by Relequestual

  I'm currently on my placement year at uni with 4 months left. Before working at my current place, I have not used a nix environment for web development and have used WAMP. Over the past year I have found some very interesting new tech that requires a bit more than my shared hosting even to play with (eg node.js, RoR 3). At work we use a Virtual Machine for development, but that's all been set up and configured to match the live servers, and is managed with a Puppet server. Are there any really good resources for setting up and configuring an Ubuntu VM as a web server? Work currently uses Ubuntu so I would assume this is a good OS to use. I do of course know how to use google, but the noise ratio is just too big, so thought I'd ask here, as I know many of you will have a ton of bookmarks. Cheers.

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• How to properly shrink a disk size of a server that is being backed up off-site?

  - by JKM

  We have a Virtual machine (lets call this one source) that is being hosted locally with a 1TB disk space (that's how big the virtual disk is) and it has been replicated remotely via Veeam to an off-site server (lets call this clone). However, there has been some server configuration changes that has made source not require as much disk space. I am contemplating shrinking the disk size of source, or using the standalone converter to create a new image with a much smaller disk size requirement (about 300GB). The reason behind this is to lessen the time required for the "Discovering replica VM" step during the replication process. My question is what happens to clone when the replication job is run? Do I need to redo the replication/set up a new backup to create an initial seed for source? Will the job automatically pick up that the disk size has shank and adjust the disk size of clone appropriately? What is the best method for accomplishing this?

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• I believe I need a wireless access point, but can I do it with a wifi router?

  - by Flotsam N. Jetsam

  My needs are simple, I think: I have a laptop upstairs with a usb wifi that I use to connect to my neighbor's wifi which I share (with their knowledge). I have a laser printer downstairs that my wife doesn't wants to stay down there (big, bulky and ugly), but that we both need to print stuff off. It has wired networking and I have wired hub and router down there. The usb wifi on the laptop has absolutley the best reception I've ever seen or heard of. I cannot get onto the neighbor's net with the thing downstairs though--sortof in the ground. What do I need downstairs to give printer access to my laptop wirelessly? One thing I can't do in this solution is have a computer on downstairs, so I would think that would eliminate a usb solution.

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