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• Appropriate data structure for a buffer of the packets

  - by psihodelia

  How to implement a buffer of the packets where each packet is of the form: typedef struct{ int32 IP; //4-byte IP-address int16 ID; //unique sequence id }t_Packet; What should be the most appropriate data structure which: (1) allows to collect at least 8000 such packets (fast Insert and Delete operations) (2) allows very fast filtering using IP address, so that only packets with given IP will be selected (3) allows very fast find operation using ID as a key (4) allows very fast (2), then (3) within filtered results ? RAM size does matter, e.g. no huge lookup table is possible to use.

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• boost::asio and socket ownership

  - by vedro so snegom

  Hello I've two classes (Negotiator, Client), both has their own boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket. Is there a way to transfer socket object to Client after negotiation is finished. I'm looking forward to do something like that: boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket sock1(io); //... boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket sock2; sock2.assign(sock1); This operation must guarantee that the connection won't be closed when sock1 is destroyed.

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• Is this safe on a production server?

  - by Camran

  I have a database application (or search engine) which is called Solr. I connect to it via port 8983. I do this from php code, so I add and remove records from it via php. On my server I have a firewall. I have set this firewall to only allow connections to and from this port (8983) from the ip adress of my own server. In other words, only allow servers IP to access this port. Is that safe? Or am I thinking all wrong here? Will others be able to "simulate" my ip adress and act as the server? This is because otherwise others may add/remove records as they want from their own ip adresses... Thanks

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• Variable loss in redirected bash while loop

  - by James Hadley

  I have the following code for ip in $(ifconfig | awk -F ":" '/inet addr/{split($2,a," ");print a[1]}') do bytesin=0; bytesout=0; while read line do if [[ $(echo ${line} | awk '{print $1}') == ${ip} ]] then increment=$(echo ${line} | awk '{print $4}') bytesout=$((${bytesout} + ${increment})) else increment=$(echo ${line} | awk '{print $4}') bytesin=$((${bytesin} + ${increment})) fi done < <(pmacct -s | grep ${ip}) echo "${ip} ${bytesin} ${bytesout}" >> /tmp/bwacct.txt done Which I would like to print the incremented values to bwacct.txt, but instead the file is full of zeroes: 91.227.223.66 0 0 91.227.221.126 0 0 127.0.0.1 0 0 My understanding of Bash is that a redirected for loop should preserve variables. What am I doing wrong?

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• display results of jquery in a label in asp.net

  - by Zoya

  I want to display result of this javascript in a label control on my asp.net page, instead of alert. how can i do so? <script type="text/javascript" language="Javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <!-- Require EasyJQuery After JQuery --><script type="text/javascript" language="Javascript" src="http://api.easyjquery.com/easyjquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" language="Javascript"> // 1. Your Data Here function my_callback(json) { alert("IP :" + json.IP + " COUNTRY: " + json.COUNTRY); } function my_callback2(json) { alert("IP :" + json.IP + " COUNTRY: " + json.COUNTRY + " City: " + json.cityName + " Region Name: " + json.regionName); } // 2. Setup Callback Function // EasyjQuery_Get_IP("my_callback"); // fastest version EasyjQuery_Get_IP("my_callback2","full"); // full version </script>

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• Delayed Jobs is not finding Records and failing..

  - by Trip

  In my app, delayed jobs isn't running automatically on my server anymore. It used to.. When I manually ssh in, and perform rake jobs:work I return this : * Starting job worker host:ip-(censored) pid:21458 * [Worker(host:ip-(censored) pid:21458)] acquired lock on PhotoJob * [JOB] host:ip-(censored) pid:21458 failed with ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound: Couldn't find Photo with ID=9237 - 4 failed attempts This returns roughly 20 times over for what I think is several jobs. Then I get a few of these: [Worker(host:ip-(censored) pid:21458)] failed to acquire exclusive lock for PhotoJob And then finally one of these : 12 jobs processed at 73.6807 j/s, 12 failed ... Any ideas what I should be mulling over? Thanks so much!

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• gem install giving error that I can't change permissions.. chown and chmod not working

  - by user2321289

  so I am trying to install hmac gem install ruby-hmac -v 0.4.0 I am getting the following error message: You don't have write permissions into the /opt/rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1 directory So the output from ls -l is as such: ubuntu@ip-10-38-121-211:~/workspace/cf-release$ sudo ls -l /opt/rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/ I perform a chown on this directory: sudo chown -R ubuntu:ubuntu /opt/rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/ Try to install the gem: ubuntu@ip-10-38-121-211:~/workspace/cf-release$ sudo chown -v ubuntu:ubuntu /opt/rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/ ownership of `/opt/rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/' retained as ubuntu:ubuntu I do another ls -l on the directory: ubuntu@ip-10-38-121-211:~/workspace/cf-release$ ls -l /opt/rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/ total 4 d--------- 8 ubuntu ubuntu 4096 Nov 1 20:43 1.9.1 Doing a chmod 777 to make the directory writeable: ubuntu@ip-10-38-121-211:~/workspace/cf-release$ sudo chmod -v 777 /opt/rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/ mode of `/opt/rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/' retained as 0777 (rwxrwxrwx) ubuntu@ip-10-38-121-211:~/workspace/cf-release$ ls -l /opt/rbenv/versions/1.9.3-p448/lib/ruby/gems/ total 4 d--------- 8 ubuntu ubuntu 4096 Nov 1 20:43 1.9.1 Any idea as to why this would be acting up like this? I am at a loss here.. any help appreciated

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• Sending parameters to other sites

  - by moustafa

  look here first http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2883338/how-can-i-send-a-date-from-one-site-to-other-sites let me change the question a bit, i didnt really explain myself properly. What i intend to do is get z.php to read a text file called 'sites.txt' which has a list of sites: site1.com/a.php site2.com/b.php site3.com/c.php to execute the urls in the sites in 'sites.txt' i want it to go through siteA.com/z.php?ip=xxx.xxx.xx.xxx&location=UK (z.php will then read 'sites.txt') All sites in the 'sites.txt' file will be executed as site1.com/a.php?ip=xxx.xxx.xx.xxx&location=UK site2.com/b.php?ip=xxx.xxx.xx.xxx&location=UK I hope that makes more sense, i have tried looking around but couldnt find what i was looking for. Thanks for your help so far everyone. site3.com/c.php?ip=xxx.xxx.xx.xxx&location=UK

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• ASP.NET equivalent of this PHP code

  - by moiz217

  Please provide asp.net equivalent of this php code. $ip = $_REQUEST['ip']?$_REQUEST['ip']:$_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"]; $client = new SoapClient(null, array( 'location' => "http://www.itistimed.com/soap/whois-city.php", 'uri' => "http://www.itistimed.com/soap/req")); $data = $client->ipToCountryCity($ip); var_dump($data); Will display something like: array(7) { ["status"]= int(1) ["status_text"]= string(7) "Success" ["country"]= string(2) "US" ["city"]= string(13) "Mountain View" ["state"]= string(2) "CA" ["zip"]= string(5) "94043" ["org"]= string(11) "Google Inc."} thanks.

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• How to Reuse Your Old Wi-Fi Router as a Network Switch

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Just because your old Wi-Fi router has been replaced by a newer model doesn’t mean it needs to gather dust in the closet. Read on as we show you how to take an old and underpowered Wi-Fi router and turn it into a respectable network switch (saving your $20 in the process). Image by mmgallan. Why Do I Want To Do This? Wi-Fi technology has changed significantly in the last ten years but Ethernet-based networking has changed very little. As such, a Wi-Fi router with 2006-era guts is lagging significantly behind current Wi-Fi router technology, but the Ethernet networking component of the device is just as useful as ever; aside from potentially being only 100Mbs instead of 1000Mbs capable (which for 99% of home applications is irrelevant) Ethernet is Ethernet. What does this matter to you, the consumer? It means that even though your old router doesn’t hack it for your Wi-Fi needs any longer the device is still a perfectly serviceable (and high quality) network switch. When do you need a network switch? Any time you want to share an Ethernet cable among multiple devices, you need a switch. For example, let’s say you have a single Ethernet wall jack behind your entertainment center. Unfortunately you have four devices that you want to link to your local network via hardline including your smart HDTV, DVR, Xbox, and a little Raspberry Pi running XBMC. Instead of spending $20-30 to purchase a brand new switch of comparable build quality to your old Wi-Fi router it makes financial sense (and is environmentally friendly) to invest five minutes of your time tweaking the settings on the old router to turn it from a Wi-Fi access point and routing tool into a network switch–perfect for dropping behind your entertainment center so that your DVR, Xbox, and media center computer can all share an Ethernet connection. What Do I Need? For this tutorial you’ll need a few things, all of which you likely have readily on hand or are free for download. To follow the basic portion of the tutorial, you’ll need the following: 1 Wi-Fi router with Ethernet ports 1 Computer with Ethernet jack 1 Ethernet cable For the advanced tutorial you’ll need all of those things, plus: 1 copy of DD-WRT firmware for your Wi-Fi router We’re conducting the experiment with a Linksys WRT54GL Wi-Fi router. The WRT54 series is one of the best selling Wi-Fi router series of all time and there’s a good chance a significant number of readers have one (or more) of them stuffed in an office closet. Even if you don’t have one of the WRT54 series routers, however, the principles we’re outlining here apply to all Wi-Fi routers; as long as your router administration panel allows the necessary changes you can follow right along with us. A quick note on the difference between the basic and advanced versions of this tutorial before we proceed. Your typical Wi-Fi router has 5 Ethernet ports on the back: 1 labeled “Internet”, “WAN”, or a variation thereof and intended to be connected to your DSL/Cable modem, and 4 labeled 1-4 intended to connect Ethernet devices like computers, printers, and game consoles directly to the Wi-Fi router. When you convert a Wi-Fi router to a switch, in most situations, you’ll lose two port as the “Internet” port cannot be used as a normal switch port and one of the switch ports becomes the input port for the Ethernet cable linking the switch to the main network. This means, referencing the diagram above, you’d lose the WAN port and LAN port 1, but retain LAN ports 2, 3, and 4 for use. If you only need to switch for 2-3 devices this may be satisfactory. However, for those of you that would prefer a more traditional switch setup where there is a dedicated WAN port and the rest of the ports are accessible, you’ll need to flash a third-party router firmware like the powerful DD-WRT onto your device. Doing so opens up the router to a greater degree of modification and allows you to assign the previously reserved WAN port to the switch, thus opening up LAN ports 1-4. Even if you don’t intend to use that extra port, DD-WRT offers you so many more options that it’s worth the extra few steps. Preparing Your Router for Life as a Switch Before we jump right in to shutting down the Wi-Fi functionality and repurposing your device as a network switch, there are a few important prep steps to attend to. First, you want to reset the router (if you just flashed a new firmware to your router, skip this step). Following the reset procedures for your particular router or go with what is known as the “Peacock Method” wherein you hold down the reset button for thirty seconds, unplug the router and wait (while still holding the reset button) for thirty seconds, and then plug it in while, again, continuing to hold down the rest button. Over the life of a router there are a variety of changes made, big and small, so it’s best to wipe them all back to the factory default before repurposing the router as a switch. Second, after resetting, we need to change the IP address of the device on the local network to an address which does not directly conflict with the new router. The typical default IP address for a home router is 192.168.1.1; if you ever need to get back into the administration panel of the router-turned-switch to check on things or make changes it will be a real hassle if the IP address of the device conflicts with the new home router. The simplest way to deal with this is to assign an address close to the actual router address but outside the range of addresses that your router will assign via the DHCP client; a good pick then is 192.168.1.2. Once the router is reset (or re-flashed) and has been assigned a new IP address, it’s time to configure it as a switch. Basic Router to Switch Configuration If you don’t want to (or need to) flash new firmware onto your device to open up that extra port, this is the section of the tutorial for you: we’ll cover how to take a stock router, our previously mentioned WRT54 series Linksys, and convert it to a switch. Hook the Wi-Fi router up to the network via one of the LAN ports (consider the WAN port as good as dead from this point forward, unless you start using the router in its traditional function again or later flash a more advanced firmware to the device, the port is officially retired at this point). Open the administration control panel via  web browser on a connected computer. Before we get started two things: first,  anything we don’t explicitly instruct you to change should be left in the default factory-reset setting as you find it, and two, change the settings in the order we list them as some settings can’t be changed after certain features are disabled. To start, let’s navigate to Setup ->Basic Setup. Here you need to change the following things: Local IP Address: [different than the primary router, e.g. 192.168.1.2] Subnet Mask: [same as the primary router, e.g. 255.255.255.0] DHCP Server: Disable Save with the “Save Settings” button and then navigate to Setup -> Advanced Routing: Operating Mode: Router This particular setting is very counterintuitive. The “Operating Mode” toggle tells the device whether or not it should enable the Network Address Translation (NAT)  feature. Because we’re turning a smart piece of networking hardware into a relatively dumb one, we don’t need this feature so we switch from Gateway mode (NAT on) to Router mode (NAT off). Our next stop is Wireless -> Basic Wireless Settings: Wireless SSID Broadcast: Disable Wireless Network Mode: Disabled After disabling the wireless we’re going to, again, do something counterintuitive. Navigate to Wireless -> Wireless Security and set the following parameters: Security Mode: WPA2 Personal WPA Algorithms: TKIP+AES WPA Shared Key: [select some random string of letters, numbers, and symbols like JF#d$di!Hdgio890] Now you may be asking yourself, why on Earth are we setting a rather secure Wi-Fi configuration on a Wi-Fi router we’re not going to use as a Wi-Fi node? On the off chance that something strange happens after, say, a power outage when your router-turned-switch cycles on and off a bunch of times and the Wi-Fi functionality is activated we don’t want to be running the Wi-Fi node wide open and granting unfettered access to your network. While the chances of this are next-to-nonexistent, it takes only a few seconds to apply the security measure so there’s little reason not to. Save your changes and navigate to Security ->Firewall. Uncheck everything but Filter Multicast Firewall Protect: Disable At this point you can save your changes again, review the changes you’ve made to ensure they all stuck, and then deploy your “new” switch wherever it is needed. Advanced Router to Switch Configuration For the advanced configuration, you’ll need a copy of DD-WRT installed on your router. Although doing so is an extra few steps, it gives you a lot more control over the process and liberates an extra port on the device. Hook the Wi-Fi router up to the network via one of the LAN ports (later you can switch the cable to the WAN port). Open the administration control panel via web browser on the connected computer. Navigate to the Setup -> Basic Setup tab to get started. In the Basic Setup tab, ensure the following settings are adjusted. The setting changes are not optional and are required to turn the Wi-Fi router into a switch. WAN Connection Type: Disabled Local IP Address: [different than the primary router, e.g. 192.168.1.2] Subnet Mask: [same as the primary router, e.g. 255.255.255.0] DHCP Server: Disable In addition to disabling the DHCP server, also uncheck all the DNSMasq boxes as the bottom of the DHCP sub-menu. If you want to activate the extra port (and why wouldn’t you), in the WAN port section: Assign WAN Port to Switch [X] At this point the router has become a switch and you have access to the WAN port so the LAN ports are all free. Since we’re already in the control panel, however, we might as well flip a few optional toggles that further lock down the switch and prevent something odd from happening. The optional settings are arranged via the menu you find them in. Remember to save your settings with the save button before moving onto a new tab. While still in the Setup -> Basic Setup menu, change the following: Gateway/Local DNS : [IP address of primary router, e.g. 192.168.1.1] NTP Client : Disable The next step is to turn off the radio completely (which not only kills the Wi-Fi but actually powers the physical radio chip off). Navigate to Wireless -> Advanced Settings -> Radio Time Restrictions: Radio Scheduling: Enable Select “Always Off” There’s no need to create a potential security problem by leaving the Wi-Fi radio on, the above toggle turns it completely off. Under Services -> Services: DNSMasq : Disable ttraff Daemon : Disable Under the Security -> Firewall tab, uncheck every box except “Filter Multicast”, as seen in the screenshot above, and then disable SPI Firewall. Once you’re done here save and move on to the Administration tab. Under Administration -> Management:  Info Site Password Protection : Enable Info Site MAC Masking : Disable CRON : Disable 802.1x : Disable Routing : Disable After this final round of tweaks, save and then apply your settings. Your router has now been, strategically, dumbed down enough to plod along as a very dependable little switch. Time to stuff it behind your desk or entertainment center and streamline your cabling.     

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• Juju Zookeeper & Provisioning Agent Not Deployed

  - by Keith Tobin

  I am using juju with the openstack provider, i expected that when i bootstrap that zookeeper and provisioning agent would get deployed on the bootstrap vm in openstack. This dose not seem to be the case. the bootstrap vm gets deployed but it seems that nothing gets deployed to the VM. See logs below, I may be missing something, also how is it possible to log on the bootstrap vm. Could I manual deploy, if so what do I need to do. Juju Bootstrap commend root@cinder01:/home/cinder# juju -v bootstrap 2012-10-12 03:21:20,976 DEBUG Initializing juju bootstrap runtime 2012-10-12 03:21:20,982 WARNING Verification of xxxxS certificates is disabled for this environment. Set 'ssl-hostname-verification' to ensure secure communication. 2012-10-12 03:21:20,982 DEBUG openstack: using auth-mode 'userpass' with xxxx:xxxxxx.10:35357/v2.0/ 2012-10-12 03:21:21,064 DEBUG openstack: authenticated til u'2012-10-13T08:21:13Z' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,064 DEBUG openstack: GET 'xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,091 DEBUG openstack: 200 '{"flavors": [{"id": "3", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/3", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/3", "rel": "bookmark"}], "name": "m1.medium"}, {"id": "4", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/4", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/4", "rel": "bookmark"}], "name": "m1.large"}, {"id": "1", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/1", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/1", "rel": "bookmark"}], "name": "m1.tiny"}, {"id": "5", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/5", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/5", "rel": "bookmark"}], "name": "m1.xlarge"}, {"id": "2", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/2", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/2", "rel": "bookmark"}], "name": "m1.small"}]}' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,091 INFO Bootstrapping environment 'openstack' (origin: ppa type: openstack)... 2012-10-12 03:21:21,091 DEBUG access object-store @ xxxx:xx10.49.113.11:8080/v1/AUTH_d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/juju-hpc-az1-cb/provider-state 2012-10-12 03:21:21,092 DEBUG openstack: GET 'xxxx:xx10.49.113.11:8080/v1/AUTH_d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/juju-hpc-az1-cb/provider-state' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,165 DEBUG openstack: 200 '{}\n' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,165 DEBUG Verifying writable storage 2012-10-12 03:21:21,165 DEBUG access object-store @ xxxx:xx10.49.113.11:8080/v1/AUTH_d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/juju-hpc-az1-cb/bootstrap-verify 2012-10-12 03:21:21,166 DEBUG openstack: PUT 'xxxx:xx10.49.113.11:8080/v1/AUTH_d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/juju-hpc-az1-cb/bootstrap-verify' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,251 DEBUG openstack: 201 '201 Created\n\n\n\n ' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,251 DEBUG Launching juju bootstrap instance. 2012-10-12 03:21:21,271 DEBUG access object-store @ xxxx:xx10.49.113.11:8080/v1/AUTH_d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/juju-hpc-az1-cb/juju_master_id 2012-10-12 03:21:21,273 DEBUG access compute @ xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/os-security-groups 2012-10-12 03:21:21,273 DEBUG openstack: GET 'xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/os-security-groups' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,321 DEBUG openstack: 200 '{"security_groups": [{"rules": [{"from_port": -1, "group": {}, "ip_protocol": "icmp", "to_port": -1, "parent_group_id": 1, "ip_range": {"cidr": "0.0.0.0/0"}, "id": 7}, {"from_port": 22, "group": {}, "ip_protocol": "tcp", "to_port": 22, "parent_group_id": 1, "ip_range": {"cidr": "0.0.0.0/0"}, "id": 38}], "tenant_id": "d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d", "id": 1, "name": "default", "description": "default"}]}' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,322 DEBUG Creating juju security group juju-openstack 2012-10-12 03:21:21,322 DEBUG openstack: POST 'xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/os-security-groups' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,401 DEBUG openstack: 200 '{"security_group": {"rules": [], "tenant_id": "d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d", "id": 48, "name": "juju-openstack", "description": "juju group for openstack"}}' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,401 DEBUG openstack: POST 'xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/os-security-group-rules' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,504 DEBUG openstack: 200 '{"security_group_rule": {"from_port": 22, "group": {}, "ip_protocol": "tcp", "to_port": 22, "parent_group_id": 48, "ip_range": {"cidr": "0.0.0.0/0"}, "id": 54}}' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,504 DEBUG openstack: POST 'xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/os-security-group-rules' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,647 DEBUG openstack: 200 '{"security_group_rule": {"from_port": 1, "group": {"tenant_id": "d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d", "name": "juju-openstack"}, "ip_protocol": "tcp", "to_port": 65535, "parent_group_id": 48, "ip_range": {}, "id": 55}}' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,647 DEBUG openstack: POST 'xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/os-security-group-rules' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,791 DEBUG openstack: 200 '{"security_group_rule": {"from_port": 1, "group": {"tenant_id": "d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d", "name": "juju-openstack"}, "ip_protocol": "udp", "to_port": 65535, "parent_group_id": 48, "ip_range": {}, "id": 56}}' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,792 DEBUG Creating machine security group juju-openstack-0 2012-10-12 03:21:21,792 DEBUG openstack: POST 'xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/os-security-groups' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,871 DEBUG openstack: 200 '{"security_group": {"rules": [], "tenant_id": "d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d", "id": 49, "name": "juju-openstack-0", "description": "juju group for openstack machine 0"}}' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,871 DEBUG access compute @ xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/detail 2012-10-12 03:21:21,871 DEBUG openstack: GET 'xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/detail' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,906 DEBUG openstack: 200 '{"flavors": [{"vcpus": 2, "disk": 10, "name": "m1.medium", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/3", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/3", "rel": "bookmark"}], "rxtx_factor": 1.0, "OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral": 40, "ram": 4096, "id": "3", "swap": ""}, {"vcpus": 4, "disk": 10, "name": "m1.large", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/4", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/4", "rel": "bookmark"}], "rxtx_factor": 1.0, "OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral": 80, "ram": 8192, "id": "4", "swap": ""}, {"vcpus": 1, "disk": 0, "name": "m1.tiny", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/1", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/1", "rel": "bookmark"}], "rxtx_factor": 1.0, "OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral": 0, "ram": 512, "id": "1", "swap": ""}, {"vcpus": 8, "disk": 10, "name": "m1.xlarge", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/5", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/5", "rel": "bookmark"}], "rxtx_factor": 1.0, "OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral": 160, "ram": 16384, "id": "5", "swap": ""}, {"vcpus": 1, "disk": 10, "name": "m1.small", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/2", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/2", "rel": "bookmark"}], "rxtx_factor": 1.0, "OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral": 20, "ram": 2048, "id": "2", "swap": ""}]}' 2012-10-12 03:21:21,907 DEBUG access compute @ xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers 2012-10-12 03:21:21,907 DEBUG openstack: POST 'xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers' 2012-10-12 03:21:22,284 DEBUG openstack: 202 '{"server": {"OS-DCF:diskConfig": "MANUAL", "id": "a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers/a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers/a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023", "rel": "bookmark"}], "adminPass": "SuFp48cZzdo4"}}' 2012-10-12 03:21:22,284 DEBUG access object-store @ xxxx:xx10.49.113.11:8080/v1/AUTH_d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/juju-hpc-az1-cb/juju_master_id 2012-10-12 03:21:22,285 DEBUG openstack: PUT 'xxxx:xx10.49.113.11:8080/v1/AUTH_d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/juju-hpc-az1-cb/juju_master_id' 2012-10-12 03:21:22,375 DEBUG openstack: 201 '201 Created\n\n\n\n ' 2012-10-12 03:21:27,379 DEBUG Waited for 5 seconds for networking on server u'a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023' 2012-10-12 03:21:27,380 DEBUG access compute @ xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers/a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023 2012-10-12 03:21:27,380 DEBUG openstack: GET 'xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers/a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023' 2012-10-12 03:21:27,556 DEBUG openstack: 200 '{"server": {"OS-EXT-STS:task_state": "networking", "addresses": {"private": [{"version": 4, "addr": "10.0.0.8"}]}, "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers/a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers/a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023", "rel": "bookmark"}], "image": {"id": "5bf60467-0136-4471-9818-e13ade75a0a1", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/images/5bf60467-0136-4471-9818-e13ade75a0a1", "rel": "bookmark"}]}, "OS-EXT-STS:vm_state": "building", "OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name": "instance-00000060", "flavor": {"id": "1", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/1", "rel": "bookmark"}]}, "id": "a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023", "user_id": "01610f73d0fb4922aefff09f2627e50c", "OS-DCF:diskConfig": "MANUAL", "accessIPv4": "", "accessIPv6": "", "progress": 0, "OS-EXT-STS:power_state": 0, "config_drive": "", "status": "BUILD", "updated": "2012-10-12T08:21:23Z", "hostId": "1cdb25708fb8e464d83a69fe4a024dcd5a80baf24a82ec28f9d9f866", "OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host": "nova01", "key_name": "", "OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname": null, "name": "juju openstack instance 0", "created": "2012-10-12T08:21:22Z", "tenant_id": "d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d", "metadata": {}}}' 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 2012-10-12 03:21:27,557 DEBUG access compute @ xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/os-floating-ips 2012-10-12 03:21:27,557 DEBUG openstack: GET 'xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/os-floating-ips' 2012-10-12 03:21:27,815 DEBUG openstack: 200 '{"floating_ips": [{"instance_id": "a0e0df11-91c0-4801-95b3-62d910d729e9", "ip": "xxxx.35", "fixed_ip": "10.0.0.5", "id": 447, "pool": "nova"}, {"instance_id": "b84f1a42-7192-415e-8650-ebb1aa56e97f", "ip": "xxxx.36", "fixed_ip": "10.0.0.6", "id": 448, "pool": "nova"}, {"instance_id": null, "ip": "xxxx.37", "fixed_ip": null, "id": 449, "pool": "nova"}, {"instance_id": null, "ip": "xxxx.38", "fixed_ip": null, "id": 450, "pool": "nova"}, {"instance_id": null, "ip": "xxxx.39", "fixed_ip": null, "id": 451, "pool": "nova"}, {"instance_id": null, "ip": "xxxx.40", "fixed_ip": null, "id": 452, "pool": "nova"}, {"instance_id": null, "ip": "xxxx.41", "fixed_ip": null, "id": 453, "pool": "nova"}]}' 2012-10-12 03:21:27,815 DEBUG access compute @ xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers/a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023/action 2012-10-12 03:21:27,816 DEBUG openstack: POST 'xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers/a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023/action' 2012-10-12 03:21:28,356 DEBUG openstack: 202 '' 2012-10-12 03:21:28,356 DEBUG access object-store @ xxxx:xx10.49.113.11:8080/v1/AUTH_d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/juju-hpc-az1-cb/provider-state 2012-10-12 03:21:28,357 DEBUG openstack: PUT 'xxxx:xx10.49.113.11:8080/v1/AUTH_d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/juju-hpc-az1-cb/provider-state' 2012-10-12 03:21:28,446 DEBUG openstack: 201 '201 Created\n\n\n\n ' 2012-10-12 03:21:28,446 INFO 'bootstrap' command finished successfully Juju Status Command root@cinder01:/home/cinder# juju -v status 2012-10-12 03:23:28,314 DEBUG Initializing juju status runtime 2012-10-12 03:23:28,320 WARNING Verification of xxxxS certificates is disabled for this environment. Set 'ssl-hostname-verification' to ensure secure communication. 2012-10-12 03:23:28,320 DEBUG openstack: using auth-mode 'userpass' with xxxx:xxxxxx.10:35357/v2.0/ 2012-10-12 03:23:28,320 INFO Connecting to environment... 2012-10-12 03:23:28,403 DEBUG openstack: authenticated til u'2012-10-13T08:23:20Z' 2012-10-12 03:23:28,403 DEBUG access object-store @ xxxx:xx10.49.113.11:8080/v1/AUTH_d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/juju-hpc-az1-cb/provider-state 2012-10-12 03:23:28,403 DEBUG openstack: GET 'xxxx:xx10.49.113.11:8080/v1/AUTH_d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/juju-hpc-az1-cb/provider-state' 2012-10-12 03:23:35,480 DEBUG openstack: 200 'zookeeper-instances: [a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023]\n' 2012-10-12 03:23:35,480 DEBUG access compute @ xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers/a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023 2012-10-12 03:23:35,480 DEBUG openstack: GET 'xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers/a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023' 2012-10-12 03:23:35,662 DEBUG openstack: 200 '{"server": {"OS-EXT-STS:task_state": null, "addresses": {"private": [{"version": 4, "addr": "10.0.0.8"}, {"version": 4, "addr": "xxxx.37"}]}, "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/v1.1/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers/a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023", "rel": "self"}, {"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/servers/a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023", "rel": "bookmark"}], "image": {"id": "5bf60467-0136-4471-9818-e13ade75a0a1", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/images/5bf60467-0136-4471-9818-e13ade75a0a1", "rel": "bookmark"}]}, "OS-EXT-STS:vm_state": "active", "OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name": "instance-00000060", "flavor": {"id": "1", "links": [{"href": "xxxx:xxxxxx.15:8774/d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d/flavors/1", "rel": "bookmark"}]}, "id": "a598b402-8678-4447-baeb-59255409a023", "user_id": "01610f73d0fb4922aefff09f2627e50c", "OS-DCF:diskConfig": "MANUAL", "accessIPv4": "", "accessIPv6": "", "progress": 0, "OS-EXT-STS:power_state": 1, "config_drive": "", "status": "ACTIVE", "updated": "2012-10-12T08:21:40Z", "hostId": "1cdb25708fb8e464d83a69fe4a024dcd5a80baf24a82ec28f9d9f866", "OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host": "nova01", "key_name": "", "OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname": null, "name": "juju openstack instance 0", "created": "2012-10-12T08:21:22Z", "tenant_id": "d5f52673953f49e595279e89ddde979d", "metadata": {}}}' 2012-10-12 03:23:35,663 DEBUG Connecting to environment using xxxx.37... 2012-10-12 03:23:35,663 DEBUG Spawning SSH process with remote_user="ubuntu" remote_host="xxxx.37" remote_port="2181" local_port="45859". 2012-10-12 03:23:36,173:4355(0x7fd581973700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@658: Client environment:zookeeper.version=zookeeper C client 3.3.5 2012-10-12 03:23:36,173:4355(0x7fd581973700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@662: Client environment:host.name=cinder01 2012-10-12 03:23:36,174:4355(0x7fd581973700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@669: Client environment:os.name=Linux 2012-10-12 03:23:36,174:4355(0x7fd581973700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@670: Client environment:os.arch=3.2.0-23-generic 2012-10-12 03:23:36,174:4355(0x7fd581973700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@671: Client environment:os.version=#36-Ubuntu SMP Tue Apr 10 20:39:51 UTC 2012 2012-10-12 03:23:36,174:4355(0x7fd581973700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@679: Client environment:user.name=cinder 2012-10-12 03:23:36,174:4355(0x7fd581973700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@687: Client environment:user.home=/root 2012-10-12 03:23:36,175:4355(0x7fd581973700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@699: Client environment:user.dir=/home/cinder 2012-10-12 03:23:36,175:4355(0x7fd581973700):ZOO_INFO@zookeeper_init@727: Initiating client connection, host=localhost:45859 sessionTimeout=10000 watcher=0x7fd57f9146b0 sessionId=0 sessionPasswd= context=0x2c1dab0 flags=0 2012-10-12 03:23:36,175:4355(0x7fd577fff700):ZOO_ERROR@handle_socket_error_msg@1579: Socket [127.0.0.1:45859] zk retcode=-4, errno=111(Connection refused): server refused to accept the client 2012-10-12 03:23:39,512:4355(0x7fd577fff700):ZOO_ERROR@handle_socket_error_msg@1579: Socket [127.0.0.1:45859] zk retcode=-4, errno=111(Connection refused): server refused to accept the client 2012-10-12 03:23:42,848:4355(0x7fd577fff700):ZOO_ERROR@handle_socket_error_msg@1579: Socket [127.0.0.1:45859] zk retcode=-4, errno=111(Connection refused): server refused to accept the client ^Croot@cinder01:/home/cinder#

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• Ralink RT3060 wireless device configuration on ubuntu 12.04

  - by Stephan

  concerning How do I get a Ralink RT3060 wireless card working? I'm running Ubuntu 12.04 with a 'LWPX07 Edimax EW-7711In 150M 1T1R WL PCI Card' which has a rt3060 chip. Out of the box the card is recognized as rt2800sta. I tried solution one, that didn't work. Still the card connects to the wireless network, but it seems to slow to load any pages. Then I tried solution 2, but then the network-manager doesn't see any wireless device. $ iwconfig lo no wireless extensions. ra0 Ralink STA Link Quality:0 Signal level:0 Noise level:0 Rx invalid nwid:0 invalid crypt:0 invalid misc:0 eth0 no wireless extensions. $ lsmod Module Size Used by rt3562sta 882296 0 $ lspci -v 05:02.0 Network controller: Ralink corp. RT3060 Wireless 802.11n 1T/1R Subsystem: Edimax Computer Co. Device 7711 Flags: bus master, slow devsel, latency 64, IRQ 23 Memory at ff9f0000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: rt2860 Kernel modules: rt3562sta, rt2800pci Am I missing a configuration step? How do I tell the network card which driver to use? Thanks in advance Stephan I found the problem. As described in stevens blog http://steveswinsburg.wordpress.com/2011/03/12/how-to-install-a-d-link-dwa-525-wireless-network-card-in-ubuntu-10-04/ sudo su make && make install "You need to use ‘sudo su’ and not just ‘sudo’ so it creates the directories properly." That is the problem with the solution describe above.

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• Ubuntu 10.04 LTS Server - fresh install - failed apt-get update

  - by user87227

  Good day and greetings to all, I just did a fresh installation of Ubuntu 10.04 LTS server without any issues. However, the apt-get update or aptitude update is giving the following errors: a. bzip2:(stdin) is not bzip2 file.ign for all lines plus the following errors : etched 3,582B in 0s (74.1kB/s) Reading package lists... W: A error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used.GPG error: //security.ubuntu.com lucid-security Release: The following signatures were invalid: NODATA 1 NODATA 2 W: A error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used.GPG error: //in.archive.ubuntu.com lucid Release: The following signatures were invalid: NODATA 1 NODATA 2 W: A error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used.GPG error: in.archive.ubuntu.com lucid-updates Release: The following signatures were invalid: NODATA 1 NODATA 2 W: Failed to fetch security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/lucid-security/Release W: Failed to fetch in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/lucid/Release W: Failed to fetch in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/lucid-updates/Release W: Some index files failed to download, they have been ignored, or old ones used instead. Please guide in resolving this error. TIA Regards Venu

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• How do I install the EW-7318Ug wireless drivers?

  - by user69731

  I'm on Ubuntu 12.04 and I need to install & configure Internet connection. I want to use montor mode in Wireshark. After Ubuntu installation my wireless card was recognized but it doesn't connect to the Internet. Internal wireless card works well. What should I do? I'm new to Linux. PC:~$ ifconfig -a eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 64:31:50:0f:d4:70 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) Interrupt:45 Base address:0x8000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr e0:2a:82:aa:2d:3e inet addr:192.168.0.101 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::e22a:82ff:feaa:2d3e/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:20978 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:364651 TX packets:20949 errors:171 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:19299119 (19.2 MB) TX bytes:3024858 (3.0 MB) Interrupt:19 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:4788 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:4788 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:387017 (387.0 KB) TX bytes:387017 (387.0 KB) wlan1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1f:1f:44:c1:a4 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:10508 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:6143 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:14831319 (14.8 MB) TX bytes:644606 (644.6 KB) PC:~$ iwconfig lo no wireless extensions. wlan1 IEEE 802.11bg ESSID:off/any Mode:Managed Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=20 dBm Retry long limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:on eth1 IEEE 802.11 Access Point: Not-Associated Link Quality:5 Signal level:225 Noise level:162 Rx invalid nwid:0 invalid crypt:0 invalid misc:0 eth0 no wireless extensions.

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• Is goto to improve DRY-ness OK?

  - by Marco Scannadinari

  My code has many checks to detect errors in various cases (many conditions would result in the same error), inside a function returning an error struct. Instead of looking like this: err_struct myfunc(...) { err_struct error = { .error = false }; ... if(something) { error.error = true; error.description = "invalid input"; return error; } ... case 1024: error.error = true; error.description = "invalid input"; // same error, but different detection scenario return error; break; // don't comment on this break please (EDIT: pun unintended) ... Is use of goto in the following context considered better than the previous example? err_struct myfunc(...) { err_struct error = { .error = false }; ... if(something) goto invalid_input; ... case 1024: goto invalid_input; break; return error; invalid_input: error.error = true; error.description = "invalid input"; return error;

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• PHP W3 Validator API, Is this good? [closed]

  - by Josh Purcell

  I was trying to find a way to see if my site's code was valid or not but I continuously going over to W3 Validator so I decided to make an "API" however it really isn't! I just wanted to know if anybody can find a better solution to the one I have made. This is what I currently use, with the usage of ?uri=http://www.mydomain.com : <?php if(!$_GET['uri']) { echo "No URI!"; } else { $CheckURI = "http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=".$_GET['uri']; $URL = file_get_contents($CheckURI); $Start = strpos($URL, "<title>") + 7; $End = strpos($URL, "</title>"); $Title = substr($URL, $Start, $End-$Start); if(preg_match('[Invalid]',$Title)) { //Code is INVALID echo "<a href='$CheckURI' title='This is not good!' target='_BLANK'>INVALID Source</a>"; } elseif(preg_match('[Valid]',$Title)) { //Code is VALID echo "<a href='$CheckURI' title='Check It Yourself!' target='_BLANK'>Valid Source</a>"; } else { //It Went WRONG echo ""; } }

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• I've been told that Exceptions should only be used in exceptional cases. How do I know if my case is exceptional?

  - by tieTYT

  My specific case here is that the user can pass in a string into the application, the application parses it and assigns it to structured objects. Sometimes the user may type in something invalid. For example, their input may describe a person but they may say their age is "apple". Correct behavior in that case is roll back the transaction and to tell the user an error occurred and they'll have to try again. There may be a requirement to report on every error we can find in the input, not just the first. In this case, I argued we should throw an exception. He disagreed, saying, "Exceptions should be exceptional: It's expected that the user may input invalid data, so this isn't an exceptional case" I didn't really know how to argue that point, because by definition of the word, he seems to be right. But, it's my understanding that this is why Exceptions were invented in the first place. It used to be you had to inspect the result to see if an error occurred. If you failed to check, bad things could happen without you noticing. Without exceptions every level of the stack needs to check the result of the methods they call and if a programmer forgets to check in one of these levels, the code could accidentally proceed and save invalid data (for example). Seems more error prone that way. Anyway, feel free to correct anything I've said here. My main question is if someone says Exceptions should be exceptional, how do I know if my case is exceptional?

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• Repair ext4 filesystem on USB drive

  - by phineas

  Yet another filesystem question. I wanted to use a USB drive that I hadn't mounted for a month or so and was surprised by the fact Ubuntu was unable to mount it. I looked it up in the disk utility and it said it discovered a device with 17 MB instead of 2 GB. The hardware looks intact, I hope for the best for repairing the ext4 filesystem. I followed the instructions from HOWTO: Repair a broken Ext4 Superblock in Ubuntu, but I wasn't successful. # fsck.ext4 -v /dev/sdb e2fsck 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012) ext2fs_open2: Bad magic number in super-block fsck.ext4: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks... fsck.ext4: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdb The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock: e2fsck -b 8193 Filesystem blocks are invalid, however when I run the recommended solution to try the alternate superblock, I get the following output: # e2fsck -b 8193 /dev/sdb e2fsck 1.42.5 (29-Jul-2012) e2fsck: Invalid argument while trying to open /dev/sdb plus the same error message as in the last paragraph above. Any ideas how to recover the drive? Thank you very much! Edit: testdisk won't help. I'm still stunned why the tools only discover 17 MB.

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• Can't update packages or use Ubuntu Software Center (E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.)

  - by user94189

  I get the following errors when trying to run the auto Update Manager Could not initialize the package information An unresolvable problem occurred while initializing the package information. Please report this bug against the 'update-manager' package and include the following error message: 'E:Encountered a section with no Package: header, E:Problem with MergeList /var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpad.net_bugs-sehe_zfs-fuse_ubuntu_dists_precise_main_binary-amd64_Packages, E:The package lists or status file could not be parsed or opened.' When I run sudo apt-get update, I get these errors W: GPG error: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release: The following signatures were invalid: BADSIG 40976EAF437D05B5 Ubuntu Archive Automatic Signing Key <[email protected]> W: GPG error: http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release: The following signatures were invalid: BADSIG 1FFD34C9EB13C954 Launchpad CoverGloobus W: GPG error: http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release: The following signatures were invalid: BADSIG 4A67F94CBF965FF5 Launchpad PPA for Happy-Neko W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/bugs-sehe/zfs-fuse/ubuntu/dists/precise/main/source/Sources 404 Not Found W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/bugs-sehe/zfs-fuse/ubuntu/dists/precise/main/binary-amd64/Packages 404 Not Found W: Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/bugs-sehe/zfs-fuse/ubuntu/dists/precise/main/binary-i386/Packages 404 Not Found E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

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• Why doesn't wireless work on Wubi 12.04 with a Broadcom BCM4312 card?

  - by Kristin

  I have recently set up ubuntu 12.04 on my laptop using the Wubi installer. I am having a very difficult time setting up a wireless internet connection. I am currently set up with an ethernet connection which I have used to download all new updates and to activate the Broadcom STA wireless driver. I have tried several things in the terminal based on other people's posts: ~$ rfkill list 0: brcmwl-0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes ~$ rfkill unblock all It doesn't change anything. I also tried rebooting and connecting to the internet on my Windows Vista OS, and it worked, so I know that the connection should not be hard blocked. I have also tried installing b43 firmware (lp/phy version) that is supposed to work with my chip (BCM4312). It seems to have no effect. Then I tried: ~$ iwconfig lo no wireless extensions. eth1 IEEE 802.11 Access Point: Not-Associated Link Quality:5 Signal level:0 Noise level:0 Rx invalid nwid:0 invalid crypt:0 invalid misc:0 eth0 no wireless extensions. This is my first time trying to work with ubuntu, so I would appreciate any help. Thanks. Also sorry this is poorly formatted. I'm having troubles with that too.

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• SQL*Plus??? - ?????????1??????(????? ???Tips-1)

  - by Yuichi.Hayashi

  ??????????SQL*Plus????3?????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????2??????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????1????????????????????? ??1:SQL*Plus?-l?????????? ?????????????????SQL*Plus?-l???????????????? <-l ??????????????> $ sqlplus scott/cat SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on ? 12? 22 15:15:11 2010 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. ERROR: ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied ??????????????: <-l ???????????????> $ sqlplus -l scott/cat SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on ? 12? 22 15:18:55 2010 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. ERROR: ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied SP2-0751: Oracle????????????SQL*Plus??????? $ ????????-l??????????????????????????????????SQL*Plus?????????????????? ??2:/nolog??????????? ?????/nolog??????????????SQL???????connect???????????????????? connect????????????????????????exit??????????????????SQL??????SP2-0640: ??????????????????????? $ sqlplus /nolog SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on ? 12? 22 15:46:53 2010 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. SQL conn scott/cat ERROR: ORA-01017: invalid username/password; logon denied SQL select sysdate from dual; SP2-0640: ?????????? SQL SQL exit $ (Written by Hiroyuki Nakaie)

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• DNS lookup failures while accessing my website some proxy error

  - by Bond

  Here is a situation until today morning,every thing has been working perfectly fine with me. From past 6 months many of my domains wer accessible as http://site1.myserver.com http://site2.myserver.com http://site3.myserver.com http://site4.myserver.com All these were Reverse Proxy configurations. I have some applications on each of them. until today morning some people reported me that http://site1.myserver.com/app1 is not working but http://site1.myserver.com is accessible but http://site2.myserver.com is accessible but http://site3.myserver.com is accessible but http://site4.myserver.com not accessible In past 6 months I have not changed any of these Apache configurations (things were working perfectly so) The error which can be seen in browser are while accessing http://site1.myserver.com/app1 Proxy Error The proxy server received an invalid response from an upstream server. The proxy server could not handle the request GET /app1. Reason: DNS lookup failure for: myserver.com and same is the error for http://site4.myserver.com So what should I check in I have checked all the apache logs to an extent which I could see and 192.168.1.25 - - [10/Jan/2011:14:50:48 +0530] "GET /app1 HTTP/1.1" 502 531 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.9.2.3) Gecko/20100401 Firefox/3.6.3" Mon Jan 10 14:27:42 2011] [error] (113)No route to host: proxy: HTTP: attempt to connect to 192.168.1.3:80 (192.168.1.3) failed [Mon Jan 10 14:27:42 2011] [error] ap_proxy_connect_backend disabling worker for (192.168.1.3) [Mon Jan 10 14:27:44 2011] [error] proxy: HTTP: disabled connection for (192.168.1.3) [Mon Jan 10 14:27:44 2011] [error] proxy: HTTP: disabled connection for (192.168.1.3) [Mon Jan 10 14:27:44 2011] [error] proxy: HTTP: disabled connection for (192.168.1.3) [Mon Jan 10 14:27:45 2011] [error] proxy: HTTP: disabled connection for (192.168.1.3) [Mon Jan 10 14:27:45 2011] [error] proxy: HTTP: disabled connection for (192.168.1.3) [Mon Jan 10 14:27:45 2011] [error] proxy: HTTP: disabled connection for (192.168.1.3) [Mon Jan 10 14:27:45 2011] [error] proxy: HTTP: disabled connection for (192.168.1.3) [Mon Jan 10 14:27:46 2011] [error] proxy: HTTP: disabled connection for (192.168.1.3) [Mon Jan 10 14:27:47 2011] [error] proxy: HTTP: disabled connection for (192.168.1.3) [Mon Jan 10 14:27:48 2011] [error] proxy: HTTP: disabled connection for (192.168.1.3) [Mon Jan 10 14:27:48 2011] [error] proxy: HTTP: disabled connection for (192.168.1.3) [Mon Jan 10 14:27:48 2011] [error] proxy: HTTP: disabled connection for (192.168.1.3) [Mon Jan 10 14:35:29 2011] [error] [client 192.168.1.25] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: myserver.com returned by /app1 [Mon Jan 10 14:35:30 2011] [error] [client 192.168.1.25] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: myserver.com returned by /app1 [Mon Jan 10 14:35:30 2011] [error] [client 192.168.1.25] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: myserver.com returned by /app1 [Mon Jan 10 14:50:30 2011] [error] [client 192.168.1.25] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: myserver.com returned by /app1 [Mon Jan 10 14:50:48 2011] [error] [client 192.168.1.25] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: myserver.com returned by /app1 and for site4.myserver.com I get [Mon Jan 10 14:57:40 2011] [error] [client 192.168.1.25] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: site4.myserver.com returned by /favicon.ico [Mon Jan 10 14:57:40 2011] [error] [client 192.168.1.25] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: site4.myserver.com returned by /favicon.ico [Mon Jan 10 14:57:43 2011] [error] [client 192.168.1.25] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: site4.myserver.com returned by /favicon.ico [Mon Jan 10 15:02:38 2011] [error] [client <some external IP>] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: site4.myserver.com returned by / [Mon Jan 10 15:03:04 2011] [error] [client <some external IP>] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: site4.myserver.com returned by /, referer: http://site4.myserver.com/ [Mon Jan 10 15:03:04 2011] [error] [client <some external IP>] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: site4.myserver.com returned by /favicon.ico [Mon Jan 10 15:03:08 2011] [error] [client <some external IP>] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: site4.myserver.com returned by /, referer: http://site4.myserver.com/ [Mon Jan 10 15:03:08 2011] [error] [client <some external IP>] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: site4.myserver.com returned by /favicon.ico [Mon Jan 10 15:03:10 2011] [error] [client <some external IP>] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: site4.myserver.com returned by /, referer: http://site4.myserver.com/ [Mon Jan 10 15:06:21 2011] [error] [client 192.168.1.25] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: site4.myserver.com returned by / [Mon Jan 10 15:06:31 2011] [error] [client 192.168.1.25] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: site4.myserver.com returned by /, referer: http://site4.myserver.com/ [Mon Jan 10 15:26:03 2011] [error] [client 192.168.1.25] proxy: DNS lookup failure for: site4.myserver.com returned by /

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• Port forwarding DD-WRT

  - by Pawel

  Hi, I'am runing locally service on port 81 (192.168.1.101) I would like to access server from outside MY.WAN.IP.ADDR:81. Everything is working fine on my local network, However can't access it from outside. Below iptables rules on the router. I am using dd-wrt and asus rt-n16 (everything is setup through standard port range forwarding in dd-wrt ) It might be something obvious, but I don't have any experience with routing. Any help will be really appreciated. Thanks. #iptables -t nat -vnL Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 1285 packets, 148K bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 3 252 DNAT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 MY.WAN.IP.ADDR to:192.168.1.1 5 300 DNAT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 MY.WAN.IP.ADDR tcp dpt:81 to:192.168.1.101 0 0 DNAT udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 MY.WAN.IP.ADDR udp dpt:81 to:192.168.1.101 298 39375 TRIGGER 0 -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 MY.WAN.IP.ADDR TRIGGER type:dnat match:0 relate:0 Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 7 packets, 433 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 747 91318 SNAT 0 -- * vlan2 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 to:MY.WAN.IP.ADDR 0 0 RETURN 0 -- * br0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 PKTTYPE = broadcast Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 86 packets, 5673 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination # iptables -L Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:webcache DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:www DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:https DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:69 DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:telnet DROP tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:telnet Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT 0 -- anywhere anywhere TCPMSS tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp flags:SYN,RST/SYN TCPMSS clamp to PMTU lan2wan 0 -- anywhere anywhere ACCEPT 0 -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED logaccept tcp -- anywhere pawel-ubuntu tcp dpt:81 logaccept udp -- anywhere pawel-ubuntu udp dpt:81 TRIGGER 0 -- anywhere anywhere TRIGGER type:in match:0 relate:0 trigger_out 0 -- anywhere anywhere logaccept 0 -- anywhere anywhere state NEW Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_1 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_10 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_2 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_3 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_4 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_5 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_6 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_7 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_8 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain advgrp_9 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_1 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_10 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_2 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_3 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_4 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_5 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_6 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_7 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_8 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain grp_9 (0 references) target prot opt source destination Chain lan2wan (1 references) target prot opt source destination Chain logaccept (3 references) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT 0 -- anywhere anywhere Chain logdrop (0 references) target prot opt source destination DROP 0 -- anywhere anywhere Chain logreject (0 references) target prot opt source destination REJECT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp reject-with tcp-reset Chain trigger_out (1 references) target prot opt source destination #iptables -vnL FORWARD Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 130 packets, 5327 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 15 900 ACCEPT 0 -- br0 br0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 390 20708 TCPMSS tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp flags:0x06/0x02 TCPMSS clamp to PMTU 182K 130M lan2wan 0 -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 179K 129M ACCEPT 0 -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 logaccept tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.1.101 tcp dpt:81 0 0 logaccept udp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.1.101 udp dpt:81 0 0 TRIGGER 0 -- vlan2 br0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 TRIGGER type:in match:0 relate:0 2612 768K trigger_out 0 -- br0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 2482 762K logaccept 0 -- br0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW

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• Mpd as pppoe server with authorisation by freeradius2

  - by Korjavin Ivan

  I install freeradius2, add to raddb/users: test Cleartext-Password := "test1" Service-Type = Framed-User, Framed-Protocol = PPP, Framed-IP-Address = 10.36.0.2, Framed-IP-Netmask = 255.255.255.0, start radiusd, and check auth: radtest test test1 127.0.0.1 1002 testing123 Sending Access-Request of id 199 to 127.0.0.1 port 1812 User-Name = "test" User-Password = "test1" NAS-IP-Address = 127.0.0.1 NAS-Port = 1002 Message-Authenticator = 0x00000000000000000000000000000000 rad_recv: Access-Accept packet from host 127.0.0.1 port 1812, id=199, length=44 Service-Type = Framed-User Framed-Protocol = PPP Framed-IP-Address = 10.36.0.2 Framed-IP-Netmask = 255.255.255.0 Works fine. Next step. Add to mpd.conf: radius: set auth disable internal set auth max-logins 1 CI set auth enable radius-auth set radius timeout 90 set radius retries 2 set radius server 127.0.0.1 testing123 1812 1813 set radius me 127.0.0.1 create link template L pppoe set link action bundle B set link max-children 1000 set link no multilink set link no shortseq set link no pap chap-md5 chap-msv1 chap-msv2 set link enable chap set pppoe acname Internet load radius create link template em1 L set pppoe iface em1 set link enable incoming And trying to connect, auth failed, here is mpd log: mpd: [em1-2] LCP: auth: peer wants nothing, I want CHAP mpd: [em1-2] CHAP: sending CHALLENGE #1 len: 21 mpd: [em1-2] LCP: LayerUp mpd: [em1-2] CHAP: rec'd RESPONSE #1 len: 58 mpd: [em1-2] Name: "test" mpd: [em1-2] AUTH: Trying RADIUS mpd: [em1-2] RADIUS: Authenticating user 'test' mpd: [em1-2] RADIUS: Rec'd RAD_ACCESS_REJECT for user 'test' mpd: [em1-2] AUTH: RADIUS returned: failed mpd: [em1-2] AUTH: ran out of backends mpd: [em1-2] CHAP: Auth return status: failed mpd: [em1-2] CHAP: Reply message: ^AE=691 R=1 mpd: [em1-2] CHAP: sending FAILURE #1 len: 14 mpd: [em1-2] LCP: authorization failed Then i start freeradius as radiusd -fX, and get this log: rad_recv: Access-Request packet from host 127.0.0.1 port 46400, id=223, length=282 NAS-Identifier = "rubin.svyaz-nt.ru" NAS-IP-Address = 127.0.0.1 Message-Authenticator = 0x14d36639bed8074ec2988118125367ea Acct-Session-Id = "815965-em1-2" NAS-Port = 2 NAS-Port-Type = Ethernet Service-Type = Framed-User Framed-Protocol = PPP Calling-Station-Id = "00e05290b3e3 / 00:e0:52:90:b3:e3 / em1" NAS-Port-Id = "em1" Vendor-12341-Attr-12 = 0x656d312d32 Tunnel-Medium-Type:0 = IEEE-802 Tunnel-Client-Endpoint:0 = "00:e0:52:90:b3:e3" User-Name = "test" MS-CHAP-Challenge = 0xbb1e68d5bbc30f228725a133877de83e MS-CHAP2-Response = 0x010088746ae65b68e435e9d045ad6f9569b60000000000000000b56991b4f20704cb6c68e5982eec5e98a7f4b470c109c1b9 # Executing section authorize from file /usr/local/etc/raddb/sites-enabled/default +- entering group authorize {...} ++[preprocess] returns ok ++[chap] returns noop [mschap] Found MS-CHAP attributes. Setting 'Auth-Type = mschap' ++[mschap] returns ok [eap] No EAP-Message, not doing EAP ++[eap] returns noop [files] users: Matched entry DEFAULT at line 172 ++[files] returns ok Found Auth-Type = MSCHAP # Executing group from file /usr/local/etc/raddb/sites-enabled/default +- entering group MS-CHAP {...} [mschap] No Cleartext-Password configured. Cannot create LM-Password. [mschap] No Cleartext-Password configured. Cannot create NT-Password. [mschap] Creating challenge hash with username: test [mschap] Client is using MS-CHAPv2 for test, we need NT-Password [mschap] FAILED: No NT/LM-Password. Cannot perform authentication. [mschap] FAILED: MS-CHAP2-Response is incorrect ++[mschap] returns reject Failed to authenticate the user. Login incorrect: [test] (from client localhost port 2 cli 00e05290b3e3 / 00:e0:52:90:b3:e3 / em1) Using Post-Auth-Type REJECT # Executing group from file /usr/local/etc/raddb/sites-enabled/default +- entering group REJECT {...} [attr_filter.access_reject] expand: %{User-Name} -> test attr_filter: Matched entry DEFAULT at line 11 ++[attr_filter.access_reject] returns updated Delaying reject of request 2 for 1 seconds Going to the next request Waking up in 0.9 seconds. Sending delayed reject for request 2 Sending Access-Reject of id 223 to 127.0.0.1 port 46400 MS-CHAP-Error = "\001E=691 R=1" Why i have error "[mschap] No Cleartext-Password configured. Cannot create LM-Password." ? I define cleartext-password in users. I check raddb/sites-enabled/default authorize { chap mschap eap { ok = return } files } looks ok for me. Whats wrong with mpd/chap/radius ?

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• Users loggin to 3Com switches authenticated by radius not getting admin priv and no access available

  - by 3D1L

  Hi, Following the setup that I have for my Cisco devices, I got some basic level of functionality authenticating users that loggin to 3Com switches authenticated against a RADIUS server. Problem is that I can not get the user to obtain admin privileges. I'm using Microsoft's IAS service. According to 3Com documentation when configuring the access policy on IAS the value of 010600000003 have to be used to specify admin access level. That value have to be input in the Dial-in profile section: 010600000003 - indicates admin privileges 010600000002 - manager 010600000001 - monitor 010600000000 - visitor Here is the configuration on the switch: radius scheme system server-type standard primary authentication XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX accounting optional key authentication XXXXXX key accounting XXXXXX domain system scheme radius-scheme system local-user admin service-type ssh telnet terminal level 3 local-user manager service-type ssh telnet terminal level 2 local-user monitor service-type ssh telnet terminal level 1 The configuration is working with the IAS server because I can check user login events with the Eventviewer tool. Here is the output of the DISPLAY RADIUS command at the switch: [4500]disp radius SchemeName =system Index=0 Type=standard Primary Auth IP =XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX Port=1645 State=active Primary Acct IP =127.0.0.1 Port=1646 State=active Second Auth IP =0.0.0.0 Port=1812 State=block Second Acct IP =0.0.0.0 Port=1813 State=block Auth Server Encryption Key= XXXXXX Acct Server Encryption Key= XXXXXX Accounting method = optional TimeOutValue(in second)=3 RetryTimes=3 RealtimeACCT(in minute)=12 Permitted send realtime PKT failed counts =5 Retry sending times of noresponse acct-stop-PKT =500 Quiet-interval(min) =5 Username format =without-domain Data flow unit =Byte Packet unit =1 Total 1 RADIUS scheme(s). 1 listed Here is the output of the DISPLAY DOMAIN and DISPLAY CONNECTION commands after users log into the switch: [4500]display domain 0 Domain = system State = Active RADIUS Scheme = system Access-limit = Disable Domain User Template: Idle-cut = Disable Self-service = Disable Messenger Time = Disable Default Domain Name: system Total 1 domain(s).1 listed. [4500]display connection Index=0 ,Username=admin@system IP=0.0.0.0 Index=2 ,Username=user@system IP=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx On Unit 1:Total 2 connections matched, 2 listed. Total 2 connections matched, 2 listed. [4500] Here is the DISP RADIUS STATISTICS: [4500] %Apr 2 00:23:39:957 2000 4500 SHELL/5/LOGIN:- 1 - ecajigas(xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) in un it1 logindisp radius stat state statistic(total=1048): DEAD=1046 AuthProc=0 AuthSucc=0 AcctStart=0 RLTSend=0 RLTWait=2 AcctStop=0 OnLine=2 Stop=0 StateErr=0 Received and Sent packets statistic: Unit 1........................................ Sent PKT total :4 Received PKT total:1 Resend Times Resend total 1 1 2 1 Total 2 RADIUS received packets statistic: Code= 2,Num=1 ,Err=0 Code= 3,Num=0 ,Err=0 Code= 5,Num=0 ,Err=0 Code=11,Num=0 ,Err=0 Running statistic: RADIUS received messages statistic: Normal auth request , Num=1 , Err=0 , Succ=1 EAP auth request , Num=0 , Err=0 , Succ=0 Account request , Num=1 , Err=0 , Succ=1 Account off request , Num=0 , Err=0 , Succ=0 PKT auth timeout , Num=0 , Err=0 , Succ=0 PKT acct_timeout , Num=3 , Err=1 , Succ=2 Realtime Account timer , Num=0 , Err=0 , Succ=0 PKT response , Num=1 , Err=0 , Succ=1 EAP reauth_request , Num=0 , Err=0 , Succ=0 PORTAL access , Num=0 , Err=0 , Succ=0 Update ack , Num=0 , Err=0 , Succ=0 PORTAL access ack , Num=0 , Err=0 , Succ=0 Session ctrl pkt , Num=0 , Err=0 , Succ=0 RADIUS sent messages statistic: Auth accept , Num=0 Auth reject , Num=0 EAP auth replying , Num=0 Account success , Num=0 Account failure , Num=0 Cut req , Num=0 RecError_MSG_sum:0 SndMSG_Fail_sum :0 Timer_Err :0 Alloc_Mem_Err :0 State Mismatch :0 Other_Error :0 No-response-acct-stop packet =0 Discarded No-response-acct-stop packet for buffer overflow =0 The other problem is that when the RADIUS server is not available I can not log in to the switch. The switch have 3 local accounts but none of them works. How can I specify the switch to use the local accounts in case that the RADIUS service is not available?

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