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  • How to study design patterns?

    - by Alien01
    I have read around 4-5 books on design patterns, but still I dont feel I have come closer to intermediate level in design patterns? How should I go studying design patterns? Is there any best book for design pattern? I know this will come only with experience but there must be some way to master these?

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  • Process for beginning a Ruby on Rails project

    - by Daniel Beardsley
    I'm about to begin a Ruby on Rails project and I'd love to hear how others go through the process of starting an application design. I have quite a bit of experience with RoR, but don't have that many starting from scratch with only a vision experiences and would appreciate the wisdom of others who've been there. I'm looking for an order of events, reasons for the order, and maybe why each part is important. I can think of a few starting points, but I'm not sure where it's best to begin Model design and relationships (entities, how they relate, and their attributes) Think of user use-cases (or story-boards) and implement the minimum to get these done Create Model unit-tests then create the necessary migrations and AR models to get the tests to pass Hack out the most basic version of the simplest part of your application and go from there Start with a template for a rails app (like http://github.com/thoughtbot/suspenders) Do the boring gruntwork first (User auth, session management, ...) ...

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  • Game Design Schools in Canada

    - by CptJackLoder
    I am a High School student in Ontario and i am trying looking for college/university programs the are specifically about game design. There are quite a few at most colleges near me, but they are all BA's and I am looking for a BSc. The only one i have been able to find is at digipen but that is across the continent and more importantly outrageously expensive. Does anyone know of and programs in Canada or the US that offer a BSc in Game design?

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  • Design Issues With Forms

    - by ultan o'broin
    Interesting article on UX Matters, well worth reading, especially the idea that global design research can take for a better user experience in all languages: Label Placement in Austrian Forms, with Some Lessons for English Forms What is perhaps underplayed here is the cultural influence of how people worked with forms in the past, and how a proper global user-centered design process needs to address this issue and move usability gains (in the enterprise space, productivity especially) in the right direction.

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  • SQL Saturday Birmingham #328 Database Design Precon In One Week

    - by drsql
    On September 22, I will be doing my "How to Design a Relational Database" pre-conference session in Birmingham, Alabama. You can see the abstract here if you are interested, and you can sign up there too, naturally. At just $100, which includes a free ebook copy of my database design book, it is a great bargain and I totally promise it will be a little over 7 hours of talking about and designing databases, which will certainly be better than what you do on a normal work day, even a Friday....(read more)

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  • What do you think was a poor design choice in Java

    - by Phobia
    Java has been one of the most (the most?) popular programming languages till this day, but this also brought controversy as well. A lot of people now like to bash Java simply because "it's slow", or simply because it's not language X, for example. My question isn't related to any of these arguments at all, I simply want to know what you consider a design flaw, or a poor design choice in Java, and how it might be improved from your point of view. Something like this.

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  • Design for an interface implementation that provides additional functionality

    - by Limbo Exile
    There is a design problem that I came upon while implementing an interface: Let's say there is a Device interface that promises to provide functionalities PerformA() and GetB(). This interface will be implemented for multiple models of a device. What happens if one model has an additional functionality CheckC() which doesn't have equivalents in other implementations? I came up with different solutions, none of which seems to comply with interface design guidelines: To add CheckC() method to the interface and leave one of its implementations empty: interface ISomeDevice { void PerformA(); int GetB(); bool CheckC(); } class DeviceModel1 : ISomeDevice { public void PerformA() { // do stuff } public int GetB() { return 1; } public bool CheckC() { bool res; // assign res a value based on some validation return res; } } class DeviceModel2 : ISomeDevice { public void PerformA() { // do stuff } public int GetB() { return 1; } public bool CheckC() { return true; // without checking anything } } This solution seems incorrect as a class implements an interface without truly implementing all the demanded methods. To leave out CheckC() method from the interface and to use explicit cast in order to call it: interface ISomeDevice { void PerformA(); int GetB(); } class DeviceModel1 : ISomeDevice { public void PerformA() { // do stuff } public int GetB() { return 1; } public bool CheckC() { bool res; // assign res a value based on some validation return res; } } class DeviceModel2 : ISomeDevice { public void PerformA() { // do stuff } public int GetB() { return 1; } } class DeviceManager { private ISomeDevice myDevice; public void ManageDevice(bool newDeviceModel) { myDevice = (newDeviceModel) ? new DeviceModel1() : new DeviceModel2(); myDevice.PerformA(); int b = myDevice.GetB(); if (newDeviceModel) { DeviceModel1 newDevice = myDevice as DeviceModel1; bool c = newDevice.CheckC(); } } } This solution seems to make the interface inconsistent. For the device that supports CheckC(): to add the logic of CheckC() into the logic of another method that is present in the interface. This solution is not always possible. So, what is the correct design to be used in such cases? Maybe creating an interface should be abandoned altogether in favor of another design?

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  • Rule of thumb for enemy design

    - by Terrance
    I'm at the early stages of developing a 2d side scrolling open ended platformer (think metroidvania) and am having a bit of difficulty at enemy design inspiration for something of a scifi, nature, fantasy setting that isn't overly familar or obvious. I haven't seen too many articles blogs or books that talk about the subject at great length. Is there a fair rule of thumb when coming up with enemy design with respect to keeping your player engaged?

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  • What is a useful pattern to maintaining an object state in a one to many relationship?

    - by ahenderson
    I am looking for a design for my application, here are the players(classes) involved. struct Transform { // Uses a matrix to transform the position. // Also acts acts as the state of a Dialog. Position transform(Position p); //other methods. }; struct Dialog { // There are multiple dialog for the user to transform the output. Transform& t; void ChangeTranformation(){t.rotate(360);} } struct Algorithm { //gives us a position based on an implementation. For example this can return points on a circle or line. Transform& t; Position m_p; Dialog& d; Position GetCurrentPosition(){ return t.transform(m_p);} //other methods. } Properties I need: Each algorithms has one dialog and each dialog can have many algorithms associated with it. When the user selects an algorithm a dialog associated with that algorithm is displayed. If the user selects a different algorithm then re-selects back the state is restored in the dialog. Basically I want a good design pattern to maintain the state of the dialog given that many algorithms use it and they can be switched back and forth. Does anyone have any suggestions? Here is a use case: Dialog1 has a single edit box to control the radius. Algorithm1 generates points on a unit circle. Algorithm2 is the same as Algorithm1. The user has selected Algorithm1 and entered 2 into the edit box. This will generate points on a circle of radius 2. The user then selects Algorithm2 and enters 10 into the edit box of Dialog1. This will generate points on a circle of radius 10. Finally Algorithm1 is selected again. The edit box of Dialog1 should show 2 and points on a circle of radius 2 should be generated.

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  • How can you tell whether to use Composite Pattern or a Tree Structure, or a third implementation?

    - by Aske B.
    I have two client types, an "Observer"-type and a "Subject"-type. They're both associated with a hierarchy of groups. The Observer will receive (calendar) data from the groups it is associated with throughout the different hierarchies. This data is calculated by combining data from 'parent' groups of the group trying to collect data (each group can have only one parent). The Subject will be able to create the data (that the Observers will receive) in the groups they're associated with. When data is created in a group, all 'children' of the group will have the data as well, and they will be able to make their own version of a specific area of the data, but still linked to the original data created (in my specific implementation, the original data will contain time-period(s) and headline, while the subgroups specify the rest of the data for the receivers directly linked to their respective groups). However, when the Subject creates data, it has to check if all affected Observers have any data that conflicts with this, which means a huge recursive function, as far as I can understand. So I think this can be summed up to the fact that I need to be able to have a hierarchy that you can go up and down in, and some places be able to treat them as a whole (recursion, basically). Also, I'm not just aiming at a solution that works. I'm hoping to find a solution that is relatively easy to understand (architecture-wise at least) and also flexible enough to be able to easily receive additional functionality in the future. Is there a design pattern, or a good practice to go by, to solve this problem or similar hierarchy problems? EDIT: Here's the design I have: The "Phoenix"-class is named that way because I didn't think of an appropriate name yet. But besides this I need to be able to hide specific activities for specific observers, even though they are attached to them through the groups. A little Off-topic: Personally, I feel that I should be able to chop this problem down to smaller problems, but it escapes me how. I think it's because it involves multiple recursive functionalities that aren't associated with each other and different client types that needs to get information in different ways. I can't really wrap my head around it. If anyone can guide me in a direction of how to become better at encapsulating hierarchy problems, I'd be very glad to receive that as well.

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  • Flags with deferred use

    - by Trenton Maki
    Let's say I have a system. In this system I have a number of operations I can do but all of these operations have to happen as a batch at a certain time, while calls to activate and deactivate these operations can come in at any time. To implement this, I could use flags like doOperation1 and doOperation2 but this seems like it would become difficult to maintain. Is there a design pattern, or something similar, that addresses this situation?

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  • Separation of domain and ui layer in a composite

    - by hansmaad
    Hi all, i'm wondering if there is a pattern how to separate the domain logic of a class from the ui responsibilities of the objects in the domain layer. Example: // Domain classes interface MachinePart { CalculateX(in, out) // Where do we put these: // Draw(Screen) ?? // ShowProperties(View) ?? // ... } class Assembly : MachinePart { CalculateX(in, out) subParts } class Pipe : MachinePart { CalculateX(in, out) length, diamater... } There is an application that calculates the value X for machines assembled from many machine parts. The assembly is loaded from a file representation and is designed as a composite. Each concrete part class stores some data to implement the CalculateX(in,out) method to simulate behaviour of the whole assembly. The application runs well but without GUI. To increase the usability a GUi should be developed on top of the existing implementation (changes to the existing code are allowed). The GUI should show a schematic graphical representation of the assembly and provide part specific dialogs to edit several parameters. To achieve these goals the application needs new functionality for each machine part to draw a schematic representation on the screen, show a property dialog and other things not related to the domain of machine simulation. I can think of some different solutions to implement a Draw(Screen) functionality for each part but i am not happy with each of them. First i could add a Draw(Screen) method to the MachinePart interface but this would mix-up domain code with ui code and i had to add a lot of functionality to each machine part class what makes my domain model hard to read and hard to understand. Another "simple" solution is to make all parts visitable and implement ui code in visitors but Visitor does not belong to my favorite patterns. I could derive UI variants from each machine part class to add the UI implementation there but i had to check if each part class is suited for inheritance and had to be careful on changes to the base classes. My currently favorite design is to create a parallel composite hierarchy where each component stores data to define a machine part, has implementation for UI methods and a factory method which creates instances of the corresponding domain classes, so that i can "convert" a UI assembly to a domain assembly. But there are problems to go back from the created domain hierarchy to the UI hierarchy for showing calculation results in the drawing for example (imagine some parts store some values during the calculation i want to show in the schematic representation after the simluation). Maybe there are some proven patterns for such problems?

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  • C# Design How to Elegantly wrap a DAL class

    - by guazz
    I have an application which uses MyGeneration's dOODads ORM to generate it's Data Access Layer. dOODad works by generating a persistance class for each table in the database. It works like so: // Load and Save Employees emps = new Employees(); if(emps.LoadByPrimaryKey(42)) { emps.LastName = "Just Got Married"; emps.Save(); } // Add a new record Employees emps = new Employees(); emps.AddNew(); emps.FirstName = "Mr."; emps.LastName = "dOOdad"; emps.Save(); // After save the identity column is already here for me. int i = emps.EmployeeID; // Dynamic Query - All Employees with 'A' in thier last name Employees emps = new Employees(); emps.Where.LastName.Value = "%A%"; emps.Where.LastName.Operator = WhereParameter.Operand.Like; emps.Query.Load(); For the above example(i.e. Employees DAL object) I would like to know what is the best method/technique to abstract some of the implementation details on my classes. I don't believe that an Employee class should have Employees(the DAL) specifics in its methods - or perhaps this is acceptable? Is it possible to implement some form of repository pattern? Bear in mind that this is a high volume, perfomacne critical application. Thanks, j

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  • Domain driven design: Manager and service

    - by ryudice
    I'm creating some business logic in the application but I'm not sure how or where to encapsulate it, I've used the repository pattern for data access, I've seen some projects that use DDD that have some classes with the "Service" suffix and the "manager" suffix, what are each of this clases suppose to take care of in DDD?

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  • Cocoa NSStream TCP connection to FTP

    - by Chuck
    Hi, I'm new to Cocoa, but not to programming. Recently I decided I wanted to write a FTP client for Mac, and so I first made it in the language I'm most comfortable in (on Windows), and then moved on to Cocoa when I had the workings of FTP communications down. My question is (apparently) a bit controversial: How do I establish a read/writeable connection to (a ftp server)? What I have so far (non working obviously): NSInputStream *iStream; NSOutputStream *oStream; NSHost *host = [NSHost hostWithAddress:@"127.0.0.1"]; [NSStream getStreamsToHost:host port:3333 inputStream:&iStream outputStream:&oStream]; // ftp port: 3333 [iStream retain]; [oStream retain]; [iStream scheduleInRunLoop:[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode]; [oStream scheduleInRunLoop:[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode]; [iStream setDelegate:self]; [oStream setDelegate:self]; // which is not implemented apparently [iStream open]; [oStream open]; // .... [iStream write: (const uint8_t *)buf maxLength:8]; Which is partially based on http://developer.apple.com/mac/library/documentation/cocoa/Conceptual/Streams/Articles/NetworkStreams.html Now, why have I chosen NSStream? Because while this question is merely about how to connect to a FTP stream, my whole project will also include SSL and as far as I've been able to search here and on google, NSStream is capable of "switching" to a SSL connection. I've not been able to see the connection being made (which I'm usually able to do), but I also heard something about having to write to the stream before the stream will open? Any pointers are greatly appreciated, and sorry if my question is annoying - I'm new to Cocoa :)

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  • Repeated properties design pattern

    - by Mark
    I have a DownloadManager class that manages multiple DownloadItem objects. Each DownloadItem has events like ProgressChanged and DownloadCompleted. Usually you want to use the same event handler for all download items, so it's a bit annoying to have to set the event handlers over and over again for each DownloadItem. Thus, I need to decide which pattern to use: Use one DownloadItem as a template and clone it as necessary var dm = DownloadManager(); var di = DownloadItem(); di.ProgressChanged += new DownloadProgressChangedEventHandler(di_ProgressChanged); di.DownloadCompleted += new DownloadProgressChangedEventHandler(di_DownloadCompleted); DownloadItem newDi; newDi = di.Clone(); newDi.Uri = "http://google.com"; dm.Enqueue(newDi); newDi = di.Clone(); newDi.Uri = "http://yahoo.com"; dm.Enqueue(newDi); Set the event handlers on the DownloadManager instead and have it copy the events over to each DownloadItem that is enqeued. var dm = DownloadManager(); dm.ProgressChanged += new DownloadProgressChangedEventHandler(di_ProgressChanged); dm.DownloadCompleted += new DownloadProgressChangedEventHandler(di_DownloadCompleted); dm.Enqueue(new DownloadItem("http://google.com")); dm.Enqueue(new DownloadItem("http://yahoo.com")); Or use some kind of factory var dm = DownloadManager(); var dif = DownloadItemFactory(); dif.ProgressChanged += new DownloadProgressChangedEventHandler(di_ProgressChanged); dif.DownloadCompleted += new DownloadProgressChangedEventHandler(di_DownloadCompleted); dm.Enqueue(dif.Create("http://google.com")); dm.Enqueue(dif.Create("http://yahoo.com")); What would you recommend?

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  • Design Question on when to save

    - by Ben
    Hi, I was just after peoples opinion on when the best time to save an object (or collection of objects) is. I appreciate that it can be completely dependent on the situation that you are in but here is my situation. I have a collection of objects "MyCollection" in a grid. You can open each object "MyObject" in an editor dialogue by double clicking on the grid. Selecting "Cancel" on the dialogue will back out any changes you have made, but should selecting "ok" commit those changes back to the database, or should they commit the changes on that object back to the collection and have a save method that iterates through the collection and saves all changed objects? If i have an object "MyParentObject", that contains a collection of childen "MyChildObjectCollection", none of the changes made to each "MyChildObject" would be commited to the database until the "MyParentObject" was saved - this makes sense. However in my current situation, none of the objects in the collection are linked, therefore should the "Ok" on the dialogue commit the changes to the database? Appreciate any opinions on this. Thanks

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  • CORBA on MacOS X (Cocoa)

    - by user8472
    I am currently looking into different ways to support distributed model objects (i.e., a computational model that runs on several different computers) in a project that initially focuses on MacOS X (using Cocoa). As far as I know there is the possibility to use the class cluster around NSProxy. But there also seem to be implementations of CORBA around with Objective-C support. At a later time there may be the need to also support/include Windows machines. In that case I would need to use something like Gnustep on the Windows side (which may be an option, if it works well) or come up with a combination of both technologies. Or write something manually (which is, of course, the least desirable option). My questions are: If you have experience with both technologies (Cocoa native infrastructure vs. CORBA) can you point out some key features/issues of either approach? Is it possible to use Gnustep with Cocoa in the way explained above? Is it possible (and reasonably feasible, i.e. simpler than writing a network layer manually) to communicate among all MacOS clients using Cocoa's technology and with Windows clients through CORBA?

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  • How to better design it ???

    - by Deepak
    public interface IBasePresenter { } public interface IJobViewPresenter : IBasePresenter { } public interface IActivityViewPresenter : IBasePresenter { } public class BaseView { public IBasePresenter Presenter { get; set; } } public class JobView : BaseView { public IJobViewPresenter JobViewPresenter { get { this.Presenter as IJobViewPresenter;} } } public class ActivityView : BaseView { public IActivityViewPresenter ActivityViewPresenter { get { this.Presenter as IActivityViewPresenter;} } } Lets assume that I need a IBasePresenter property on BaseView. Now this property is inherited by JobView and ActivityView but if I need reference to IJobViewPresenter object in these derived classes then I need to type cast IBasePresenter property to IJobViewPresenter or IActivityPresenter (which I want to avoid) or create JobViewPresenter and ActivityViewPresenter on derived classes (as shown above). I want to avoid type casting in derived classes and still have reference to IJobViewPresenter or IActivityViewPresenter and still have IBasePresenter in BaseView. Is there a way I can achieve it ?

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  • Design issue with ATG CommercePipelineManager

    - by user1339772
    The definition of runProcess() method in PipelineManager is public PipelineResult runProcess(String pChainId, Object pParam) throws RunProcessException This gives me an impression that ANY object can be passed as the second param. However, ATG OOTB has PipelineManager component referring to CommercePipelineManager class which overrides the runProcess() method and downcast pParam to map and adds siteId to it. Basically, this enforces the client code to send only Map. Thus, if one needs to create a new pipeline chain, has to use map as data structure to pass on the data. Offcourse, one can always get around this by creating a new PipelineManager component, but I was just wondering the thought behind explicitly using map in CommercePipelineManager

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  • Exploring the Factory Design Pattern

    - by asksuperuser
    There was an article here: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/Ee817667%28pandp.10%29.aspx The first part of tut implemented this pattern with abstract classes. The second part shows an example with Interface class. But nothing in this article discusses why this pattern would rather use abstract or interface. So what explanation (advantages of one over the other) would you give ? Not in general but for this precise pattern.

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  • Is there a design pattern for this ?

    - by ytrewq
    I have a component that needs to call a specific service depending on the input it receives. So my component has to look at the input and based on a configuration that says "for this input call this service with this data" needs to call the proper service. The services have a common signature method and a specific one (each). I thought about an abstract class that includes the signatures for all three methods. The implementation for the two services will override all three methods (throwing NotImplementedException for the methods that are not supported by current service). A component that could be initialized with a map (that for each input type will have the type of the service to be called) will also be defined. Do you have a better approach to cope this scenario ?

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  • Looking for an appropriate design pattern

    - by user1066015
    I have a game that tracks user stats after every match, such as how far they travelled, how many times they attacked, how far they fell, etc, and my current implementations looks somewhat as follows (simplified version): Class Player{ int id; public Player(){ int id = Math.random()*100000; PlayerData.players.put(id,new PlayerData()); } public void jump(){ //Logic to make the user jump //... //call the playerManager PlayerManager.jump(this); } public void attack(Player target){ //logic to attack the player //... //call the player manager PlayerManager.attack(this,target); } } Class PlayerData{ public static HashMap<int, PlayerData> players = new HashMap<int,PlayerData>(); int id; int timesJumped; int timesAttacked; } public void incrementJumped(){ timesJumped++; } public void incrementAttacked(){ timesAttacked++; } } Class PlayerManager{ public static void jump(Player player){ players.get(player.getId()).incrementJumped(); } public void incrementAttacked(Player player, Player target){ players.get(player.getId()).incrementAttacked(); } } So I have a PlayerData class which holds all of the statistics, and brings it out of the player class because it isn't part of the player logic. Then I have PlayerManager, which would be on the server, and that controls the interactions between players (a lot of the logic that does that is excluded so I could keep this simple). I put the calls to the PlayerData class in the Manager class because sometimes you have to do certain checks between players, for instance if the attack actually hits, then you increment "attackHits". The main problem (in my opinion, correct me if I'm wrong) is that this is not very extensible. I will have to touch the PlayerData class if I want to keep track of a new stat, by adding methods and fields, and then I have to potentially add more methods to my PlayerManager, so it isn't very modulized. If there is an improvement to this that you would recommend, I would be very appreciative. Thanks.

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  • What is the most underused or underappreciated design pattern?

    - by Rob Packwood
    I have been reading a lot on design patterns lately and some of them can make our lives much easier and some of them seem to just complicate things (at least to me they do). I am curious to know what design patterns everyone sees as underunsed or underappreciated. Some patterns are simple and many people do not even realize they are using a pattern (decorator probably being the most used, without realized). My goal from this is to give us pattern-newbies some appreciation for some of the more complex or unknown patterns and why we should use them.

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