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• View execution line in netbeans

  - by AC

  How can view the execution line used by netbean v6.8 to execute my java application when I press the run program button (right pointing green arrow)? I'm looking for something like: java -cp build/class Main I'm trying to make the jump to java IDE developement from 15 years writing c and c++ with vi. I'm starting with netbean since it seems to have the best vi key bindings.

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• Does html5 allow desktop execution?

  - by Shawn Mclean

  I want a functionality similiar to Adobe AIR or Silverlight Out of Browser but without the need for downloading plugins. I want the user to be on the site, then click install, javascript takes over and save itself to the local file system where it can then be clicked, then started up in the browser. Similiar to save-file. Html5 will handle the offline execution, etc.

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• [Grails] HibernateException: No session currently bound to execution context

  - by user289206

  I'm trying to create a very basic REST-ish web service with Grails and Postgres. I have the read() & delete() methods working, but I can't get create() to work. Hibernate just gripes, "HibernateException: No session currently bound to execution context." Here's my create method: def create = { def member = new Member(params) member.save() render(status: 201) } Any advice would be great. Thanks.

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• Java - Method Invocation & Execution

  - by Paul

  What is the difference between the invocation and execution of a method ? Are two the same thing ?

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• Powerpoint: a slide that counts to 2010

  - by flybywire

  I want a slide in powerpoint that shows the number 0 and when I click a button the number increases by one one until 2010. It should take 4 to 6 seconds. How can I do that?

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• .NET Code Evolution

  - by Alois Kraus

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/akraus1/archive/2013/07/24/153504.aspxAt my day job I do look at a lot of code written by other people. Most of the code is quite good and some is even a masterpiece. And there is also code which makes you think WTF… oh it was written by me. Hm not so bad after all. There are many excuses reasons for bad code. Most often it is time pressure followed by not enough ambition (who cares) or insufficient training. Normally I do care about code quality quite a lot which makes me a (perceived) slow worker who does write many tests and refines the code quite a lot because of the design deficiencies. Most of the deficiencies I do find by putting my design under stress while checking for invariants. It does also help a lot to step into the code with a debugger (sometimes also Windbg). I do this much more often when my tests are red. That way I do get a much better understanding what my code really does and not what I think it should be doing. This time I do want to show you how code can evolve over the years with different .NET Framework versions. Once there was  time where .NET 1.1 was new and many C++ programmers did switch over to get rid of not initialized pointers and memory leaks. There were also nice new data structures available such as the Hashtable which is fast lookup table with O(1) time complexity. All was good and much code was written since then. At 2005 a new version of the .NET Framework did arrive which did bring many new things like generics and new data structures. The “old” fashioned way of Hashtable were coming to an end and everyone used the new Dictionary<xx,xx> type instead which was type safe and faster because the object to type conversion (aka boxing) was no longer necessary. I think 95% of all Hashtables and dictionaries use string as key. Often it is convenient to ignore casing to make it easy to look up values which the user did enter. An often followed route is to convert the string to upper case before putting it into the Hashtable. Hashtable Table = new Hashtable(); void Add(string key, string value) { Table.Add(key.ToUpper(), value); } This is valid and working code but it has problems. First we can pass to the Hashtable a custom IEqualityComparer to do the string matching case insensitive. Second we can switch over to the now also old Dictionary type to become a little faster and we can keep the the original keys (not upper cased) in the dictionary. Dictionary<string, string> DictTable = new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase); void AddDict(string key, string value) { DictTable.Add(key, value); } Many people do not user the other ctors of Dictionary because they do shy away from the overhead of writing their own comparer. They do not know that .NET has for strings already predefined comparers at hand which you can directly use. Today in the many core area we do use threads all over the place. Sometimes things break in subtle ways but most of the time it is sufficient to place a lock around the offender. Threading has become so mainstream that it may sound weird that in the year 2000 some guy got a huge incentive for the idea to reduce the time to process calibration data from 12 hours to 6 hours by using two threads on a dual core machine. Threading does make it easy to become faster at the expense of correctness. Correct and scalable multithreading can be arbitrarily hard to achieve depending on the problem you are trying to solve. Lets suppose we want to process millions of items with two threads and count the processed items processed by all threads. A typical beginners code might look like this: int Counter; void IJustLearnedToUseThreads() { var t1 = new Thread(ThreadWorkMethod); t1.Start(); var t2 = new Thread(ThreadWorkMethod); t2.Start(); t1.Join(); t2.Join(); if (Counter != 2 * Increments) throw new Exception("Hmm " + Counter + " != " + 2 * Increments); } const int Increments = 10 * 1000 * 1000; void ThreadWorkMethod() { for (int i = 0; i < Increments; i++) { Counter++; } } It does throw an exception with the message e.g. “Hmm 10.222.287 != 20.000.000” and does never finish. The code does fail because the assumption that Counter++ is an atomic operation is wrong. The ++ operator is just a shortcut for Counter = Counter + 1 This does involve reading the counter from a memory location into the CPU, incrementing value on the CPU and writing the new value back to the memory location. When we do look at the generated assembly code we will see only inc dword ptr [ecx+10h] which is only one instruction. Yes it is one instruction but it is not atomic. All modern CPUs have several layers of caches (L1,L2,L3) which try to hide the fact how slow actual main memory accesses are. Since cache is just another word for redundant copy it can happen that one CPU does read a value from main memory into the cache, modifies it and write it back to the main memory. The problem is that at least the L1 cache is not shared between CPUs so it can happen that one CPU does make changes to values which did change in meantime in the main memory. From the exception you can see we did increment the value 20 million times but half of the changes were lost because we did overwrite the already changed value from the other thread. This is a very common case and people do learn to protect their  data with proper locking.   void Intermediate() { var time = Stopwatch.StartNew(); Action acc = ThreadWorkMethod_Intermediate; var ar1 = acc.BeginInvoke(null, null); var ar2 = acc.BeginInvoke(null, null); ar1.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(); ar2.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(); if (Counter != 2 * Increments) throw new Exception(String.Format("Hmm {0:N0} != {1:N0}", Counter, 2 * Increments)); Console.WriteLine("Intermediate did take: {0:F1}s", time.Elapsed.TotalSeconds); } void ThreadWorkMethod_Intermediate() { for (int i = 0; i < Increments; i++) { lock (this) { Counter++; } } } This is better and does use the .NET Threadpool to get rid of manual thread management. It does give the expected result but it can result in deadlocks because you do lock on this. This is in general a bad idea since it can lead to deadlocks when other threads use your class instance as lock object. It is therefore recommended to create a private object as lock object to ensure that nobody else can lock your lock object. When you read more about threading you will read about lock free algorithms. They are nice and can improve performance quite a lot but you need to pay close attention to the CLR memory model. It does make quite weak guarantees in general but it can still work because your CPU architecture does give you more invariants than the CLR memory model. For a simple counter there is an easy lock free alternative present with the Interlocked class in .NET. As a general rule you should not try to write lock free algos since most likely you will fail to get it right on all CPU architectures. void Experienced() { var time = Stopwatch.StartNew(); Task t1 = Task.Factory.StartNew(ThreadWorkMethod_Experienced); Task t2 = Task.Factory.StartNew(ThreadWorkMethod_Experienced); t1.Wait(); t2.Wait(); if (Counter != 2 * Increments) throw new Exception(String.Format("Hmm {0:N0} != {1:N0}", Counter, 2 * Increments)); Console.WriteLine("Experienced did take: {0:F1}s", time.Elapsed.TotalSeconds); } void ThreadWorkMethod_Experienced() { for (int i = 0; i < Increments; i++) { Interlocked.Increment(ref Counter); } } Since time does move forward we do not use threads explicitly anymore but the much nicer Task abstraction which was introduced with .NET 4 at 2010. It is educational to look at the generated assembly code. The Interlocked.Increment method must be called which does wondrous things right? Lets see: lock inc dword ptr [eax] The first thing to note that there is no method call at all. Why? Because the JIT compiler does know very well about CPU intrinsic functions. Atomic operations which do lock the memory bus to prevent other processors to read stale values are such things. Second: This is the same increment call prefixed with a lock instruction. The only reason for the existence of the Interlocked class is that the JIT compiler can compile it to the matching CPU intrinsic functions which can not only increment by one but can also do an add, exchange and a combined compare and exchange operation. But be warned that the correct usage of its methods can be tricky. If you try to be clever and look a the generated IL code and try to reason about its efficiency you will fail. Only the generated machine code counts. Is this the best code we can write? Perhaps. It is nice and clean. But can we make it any faster? Lets see how good we are doing currently. Level Time in s IJustLearnedToUseThreads Flawed Code Intermediate 1,5 (lock) Experienced 0,3 (Interlocked.Increment) Master 0,1 (1,0 for int[2]) That lock free thing is really a nice thing. But if you read more about CPU cache, cache coherency, false sharing you can do even better. int[] Counters = new int[12]; // Cache line size is 64 bytes on my machine with an 8 way associative cache try for yourself e.g. 64 on more modern CPUs void Master() { var time = Stopwatch.StartNew(); Task t1 = Task.Factory.StartNew(ThreadWorkMethod_Master, 0); Task t2 = Task.Factory.StartNew(ThreadWorkMethod_Master, Counters.Length - 1); t1.Wait(); t2.Wait(); Counter = Counters[0] + Counters[Counters.Length - 1]; if (Counter != 2 * Increments) throw new Exception(String.Format("Hmm {0:N0} != {1:N0}", Counter, 2 * Increments)); Console.WriteLine("Master did take: {0:F1}s", time.Elapsed.TotalSeconds); } void ThreadWorkMethod_Master(object number) { int index = (int) number; for (int i = 0; i < Increments; i++) { Counters[index]++; } } The key insight here is to use for each core its own value. But if you simply use simply an integer array of two items, one for each core and add the items at the end you will be much slower than the lock free version (factor 3). Each CPU core has its own cache line size which is something in the range of 16-256 bytes. When you do access a value from one location the CPU does not only fetch one value from main memory but a complete cache line (e.g. 16 bytes). This means that you do not pay for the next 15 bytes when you access them. This can lead to dramatic performance improvements and non obvious code which is faster although it does have many more memory reads than another algorithm. So what have we done here? We have started with correct code but it was lacking knowledge how to use the .NET Base Class Libraries optimally. Then we did try to get fancy and used threads for the first time and failed. Our next try was better but it still had non obvious issues (lock object exposed to the outside). Knowledge has increased further and we have found a lock free version of our counter which is a nice and clean way which is a perfectly valid solution. The last example is only here to show you how you can get most out of threading by paying close attention to your used data structures and CPU cache coherency. Although we are working in a virtual execution environment in a high level language with automatic memory management it does pay off to know the details down to the assembly level. Only if you continue to learn and to dig deeper you can come up with solutions no one else was even considering. I have studied particle physics which does help at the digging deeper part. Have you ever tried to solve Quantum Chromodynamics equations? Compared to that the rest must be easy ;-). Although I am no longer working in the Science field I take pride in discovering non obvious things. This can be a very hard to find bug or a new way to restructure data to make something 10 times faster. Now I need to get some sleep ….

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• Why does my PowerShell script hang when called in PSEXEC via a batch (.cmd) file?

  - by Kev

  I'm trying to remotely execute a PowerShell script using PSEXEC. The PowerShell script is called via a .cmd batch file. The reason we do this is to change the execution policy, run the powershell script then reset the execution policy again: On the remote server do-tasks.cmd looks like: powershell -command "&{ set-executionpolicy unrestricted}" powershell DoTasks.ps1 powershell -command "&{ set-executionpolicy restricted}" The PowerShell script DoTasks.ps1 just does this for now: Write-Output "Hello World!" Both of these scripts live in c:\windows\system32 (for now) just so they're on the PATH. On the originating server I do this: psexec \\web1928 -u administrator -p "adminpassword" do-tasks.cmd When this runs I get the following response at the command line: c:\Windows\system32>powershell -command "&{ set-executionpolicy unrestricted}" and the script runs no further. I can't ctrl-c to break the script and I just see ^C characters, I can type input from the keyboard and the characters are echoed to console. On the remote server I see that PowerShell.exe and CMD.exe are running in Task Manager's Process tab. If I end these processes then control returns to the command line on the originating server. I have tried this with just a simple .cmd batch file with a @echo hello world and it works just fine. Running do-tasks.cmd on the remote server via an RDP session works ok as well. Why is my remote batch file getting stuck when executing via PSEXEC?

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• How to you solve the problem of implicit locking and parallel execution?

  - by Eonil

  Where the code is: function A() { lock() doSomething() unlock() } We can call A safely from multiple threads, but it never be executed in parallel . For parallel execution, we have to evade all of this code. But the problem is we never know the A is getting lock or not. If we have source code (maybe lucky case), we have to decode all code to know locking is happening or not. This sucks. But even worse is we normally have no source code. It's obvious this kind of hidden locks will become bottleneck of parallel execution even all the other parts are designed for parallel. And also, (1) With locks, execution cannot be parallel. (2) And I can't know whether the locks are used or not in any code. (3) Defensively, I can't make parallel anything! This facts drives me crazy. How do you solve this problem?

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• Fatal error encountered during command execution with a mySQL INSERT

  - by Brian

  I am trying to execute a INSERT statement on a mySQL DB in C#: MySqlConnection connection = new MySqlConnection("SERVER=" + _dbConnection + ";" + "DATABASE=" + _dbName + ";" + "PORT=" + _dbPort + ";" + "UID=" + _dbUsername + ";" + "PASSWORD=" + _dbPassword + ";"); MySqlDataAdapter adapter; DataSet dataset = new DataSet(); command = new MySqlCommand(); command.Connection = connection; command.CommandText = "INSERT INTO plugins (pluginName, enabled) VALUES (@plugin,@enabled)"; command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@name", "pluginName"); command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@enabled", false); adapter = new MySqlDataAdapter(command); adapter.Fill(dataset); The plugin table consists of two columns: pluginName(varchar(50)) and enabled(boolean). This fails with the error: mysql Fatal error encountered during command execution. Any ideas on why this would fail?

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• MSSQL EXPRESS 2008 Stored Procedure execution time spikes periodically

  - by user156241

  I have a big stored procedure on a MSSQL 2008 Express SP2 database that gets run about every 200 ms. Normal execution time is about 50ms. What I am seeing is large inconsistencies in this run time. It will execute for while, say 50-100 times at 40-60ms which is expected, then seemingly at random the same stored procedure will take way longer, say 900ms or 1.5 seconds to run. Sometimes more than one call of the same procedure in a row will take longer too. It appears that something is causing sql server to slow down dramatically every minute or so, but I can't figure out what. There is no timing pattern between the occurences. I have the same setup on two different computers, one of which is a clean XP Pro load with no virus checking and nothing installed except SQL server. Also, The recovery options for all the databases are set to "Simple".

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• WatiN wait for java script execution completed before click link (IE)

  - by Sendoh

  i have this page displaying statement every 2 second (using javascript), at the end of it there is a link which the user can click. with IE it will click the link before javascript generated statement is completed. when i use Link.Click() (with Firefox it will throw exception, which is fine with me) is there a way to wait for javascript execution to complete before link gets clicked (IE)? TIA EDITED // the code, pretty simple seaching for link that startwith //"Continue seaching" in the browser then click if (ln.Text.StartsWith("Continue searching", StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)) { ln.Click(); } Thx

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• mutating, trigger/function may not see it- error during execution of trigger

  - by mahesh soni

  CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER UPDATE_TEST_280510 AFTER insert on TEST_TRNCOMPVISIT declare V_TRNCOMPNO NUMBER(10); CURSOR C1 IS SELECT B.COMPNO FROM TEST_TRNCOMPVISIT A, TEST_TRNCOMPMST B, TEST_MEMMAST C WHERE A.COMPNO=B.COMPNO AND B.TRNMEMID=C.MEMID AND C.MEMOS=1000; begin open c1; fetch c1 into V_TRNCOMPNO; UPDATE TEST_TRNCOMPMST SET COMPSTATUS='P', remark='comp is pending due to O/S1000' WHERE COMPNO=V_TRNCOMPNO AND COMPSTATUS='C'; CLOSE C1; end; I have made this trigger and while insert the row in table- TEST_TRNCOMPVISIT it gives following error- The following error has occurred: ORA-04091: table TEST.TEST_TRNCOMPVISIT is mutating, trigger/function may not see it ORA-06512: at "TEST.UPDATE_TEST_280510", line 4 ORA-06512: at "TEST.UPDATE_TEST_280510", line 10 ORA-04088: error during execution of trigger 'TEST.UPDATE_TEST_280510' Kindly suggest over this. MaheshA.....

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• A checklist for fixing .NET applications to SQL Server timeout problems and improve execution time

  - by avgbody

  A checklist for improving execution time between .NET code and SQL Server. Anything from the basic to weird solutions is appreciated. Code: Change default timeout in command and connection by avgbody. Use stored procedure calls instead of inline sql statement by avgbody. Look for blocking/locking using Activity monitor by Jay Shepherd. SQL Server: Watch out for parameter sniffing in stored procedures by AlexCuse. Beware of dynamically growing the database by Martin Clarke. Use Profiler to find any queries/stored procedures taking longer then 100 milliseconds by BradO. Increase transaction timeout by avgbody. Convert dynamic stored procedures into static ones by avgbody. Check how busy the server is by Jay Shepherd.

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• Slow Execution of an ASP.NET Web Page

  - by Sweta Jha

  I have a web page which brings 13K+ records in 20 seconds. There is a menu on the page, clicking on which navigates me to another page which is very lightweight. Displaying the data (13K+) took only 20 seconds whereas navigating from that page took much longer, more than 2 mins. Can you tell me why is the latter taking so much of time. I've stopped the page_load code execution on click of the menu. I've disabled the viewstate for that page as well.

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• Oracle Warning: execution completed with warning

  - by GigaPr

  Hi I have two tables Orders (ID,ORDERDATE,DELIVERYDATE,GOODID,QUANTITY,COLLECTIONFROM,DELIVERYTO,NOTES) and ROLLINGSTOCK_ORDER(ORDERID,ROLLINGSTOCKID,DEPARTUREDATE,DELIVERYDATE,ROUTEID) i have created a trigger to update the DELIVERYDATE in ROLLINGSTOCK_ORDER when DELIVERYDATE is updated in Orders CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TRIGGER_UpdateDeliveryDate BEFORE UPDATE OF DELIVERYDATE ON Orders FOR EACH ROW BEGIN then UPDATE LOCOMOTIVE_DRIVER ld set ld.DELIVERYDATE = :new.DELIVERYDATE where ld.orderid = :new.id end if; END; When i run it i get the following message Warning: execution completed with warning TRIGGER TRIGGER_UpdateDeliveryDate Compiled. The warning does not give me any information so How can i see the details of the warning? The trigger seems ok to me can you spot the problem? Thanks

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• files build execution order

  - by Mahesh

  Hi, I have a data structure which is as given below: class File { public string Value { get; set; } public File[] Dependencies { get; set; } public bool Change { get; private set; } public File(string value,File[] dependencies) { Value = value; Dependencies = dependencies; Change = false; } } Basically, this data structure follows a typical build execution of files. Each File has a value and a list of dependencies which is again of type File. Every file is exposed with a property called Change which tells whether the file is changed or not. I brainstormed to form a algorithm which goes through all these files and build in an order( i.e typical build process ) but haven't got a better algorithm. Can anyone throw some light on this? Thanks a lot. Mahesh

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• ActionMailer execution timeout

  - by user275729

  When trying to send an email to the user for reseting their password, I keep getting an execution timed out error. Other mailer functions work, so I know that the config settings are correct. The header reads: "Timeout::Error in Password resetsController#create" Here is the password_resets_controller: def create @user = User.find_by_email(params[:email]) if @user User.deliver_password_reset_instructions(@user.id) flash[:notice] = "Instructions to reset your password have been emailed to you. " + "Please check your email." redirect_to '/' else flash[:notice] = "No user was found with that email address" render :action => :new end end Here is the method inside of User.rb def self.deliver_password_reset_instructions(user_id) user = User.find(user_id) user.reset_perishable_token! Emailer.deliver_password_reset_instructions(user) end Finally, here is the actual method inside of emailer.rb: default_url_options[:host] = "http://0.0.0.0:3000" #development def password_reset_instructions(user) @subject = "FanGamb Password Reset" @from = '[email protected]' @recipients = user.email @sent_on = Time.now @body["edit_password_reset_url"] = edit_password_reset_url(user.perishable_token) @headers["X-SMTPAPI"] = "{\"category\" : \"Password Recovery\"}"#send grid category header end Why is "Password" in the error message referred to causing a timeout::error

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• Web Page execution

  - by Sweta Jha

  I have a web page which brings 13K+ records in 20 seconds. There is a menu on the page, clicking on which navigates me to another page which is very lightweight. Displaying the data (13K+) took only 20 seconds whereas navigating from that page took much longer, more than 2 mins. Can you tell me why is the latter taking so much of time. I've stopped the page_load code execution on click of the menu. I've disabled the viewstate for that page as well.

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• GEdit/Python execution plugin?

  - by Simon Woods

  Hi I'm just starting out learning python with GEdit plus various plugins as my IDE. Visual Studio/F# has a feature which permits the highlighting on a piece of text in the code window which then, on a keypress, gets executed in the F# console. Is there a similar facility/plugin which would enable this sort of behaviour for GEdit/Python? I do have various execution type plugins (Run In Python,Better Python Console) but they don't give me this particular behaviour - or at least I'm not sure how to configure them to give me this. I find it useful because in learning python, I have some test code I want to execute particular individual lines or small segments of code (rather then a complete file) to try and understand what they are doing (and the copy/paste can get a bit tiresome) ... or perhaps there is a better way to do code exploration? Many thx Simon

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• How do I debug random Timeout::Error: execution expired

  - by ChrisH

  We are using Rails 2.3.5 and have been experiencing seemingly random Timeout::Error: execution expired errors. The errors reported by Hoptoad are not consistently in any particular controller and show up everywhere from user sessions to account settings to some of our core functionality controllers. The vast majority of requests do not Timeout but there are enough to cause concern. Is this normal? If so, what are some things to look at to decrease the occurance? If not, has anyone run into this and what are some common problems that can trigger an error like this.

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• Reporting framework for extending definition & execution to the end users (ASP.Net)

  - by Kabeer

  Hello. My application is a product which will have reporting capabilities. The product, when in production, is expected to have several ad-hoc report defined by the end users. I am looking for a platform that can be tailored to harness the business entities and extend reporting capabilities (definition & execution) to the end user. Here are some constraints: From the usability standpoint, I like what MS Access reports offer. But of course it is not suitable for the target web application. However, it certainly is a source of inspiration usability wise. Cost is a constraint. So something recommended from open source world will be appreciated. Otherwise too I'd like to know. The product in question is somewhat 'generic' in nature. Mine is a ASP.Net platform.

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• Tools for code snippet execution

  - by nzpcmad

  By "code snippet execution", I mean the ability to write a few lines of code, run and test it without having to fire up an IDE and create a dummy project. It's incredibly useful for helping people with a small code sample without creating a project, compiling everything cleanly, sending them the code snippet and deleting the project. I'm not asking about the best code snippets or a snippet editor or where to store snippets! For C#, I use Snippet Compiler. For Java, I use Eclipse Scrapbook. For LINQ, I use LINQPad. Any suggestions for other (better?) tools? e.g. is there one for Java that doesn't involve firing up Eclipse? What about C?

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• Integration Testing an Entire *Existing* Application (w/ automatic execution of test suite)

  - by Ev

  Hi there, I have just joined a team working on an existing Java web app. I have been tasked with creating an automated integration test suite that should run when developers commit to our continuous integration server (TeamCity), which automatically deploys to our staging server - so really the tests will be run against our staging web app server. I have read a lot of stuff about automated integration testing with frameworks like Watir, Selenium and RWebSpec. I have created tests in all of these and while I prefer Watir, I am open to anything. The thing that hasn't become clear to me is how to create an entire test suite for an application, and how to have that suite execute in it's entirety upon execution of some script. I can happily create individual tests of varying complexity, but there is a gap in my knowledge about how to tie everything together into something useful. Does anyone have any advice on how to create a full test suite and have it execute automatically? Thanks!

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• SetWindowHookEx and execution blocking

  - by Kalaz

  Hello, I just wonder... I mainly use .NET but now I started to investigate WINAPI calls. For example I am using this piece of code to hook to the API functions. It starts freezing, when I try to debug the application... using System; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Threading; using System.Windows.Forms; public class Keyboard { private const int WH_KEYBOARD_LL = 13; private const int WM_KEYDOWN = 0x0100; private static LowLevelKeyboardProc _proc = HookCallback; private static IntPtr _hookID = IntPtr.Zero; public static event Action<Keys,bool, bool> KeyDown; public static void Hook() { new Thread(new ThreadStart(()=> { _hookID = SetHook(_proc); Application.Run(); })).Start(); } public static void Unhook() { UnhookWindowsHookEx(_hookID); } private static IntPtr SetHook(LowLevelKeyboardProc proc) { using (Process curProcess = Process.GetCurrentProcess()) using (ProcessModule curModule = curProcess.MainModule) { return SetWindowsHookEx(WH_KEYBOARD_LL, proc, GetModuleHandle(curModule.ModuleName), 0); } } private delegate IntPtr LowLevelKeyboardProc( int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam); private static IntPtr HookCallback( int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam) { if (nCode >= 0 && wParam == (IntPtr)WM_KEYDOWN) { int vkCode = Marshal.ReadInt32(lParam); Keys k = (Keys) vkCode; if (KeyDown != null) { KeyDown.BeginInvoke(k, IsKeyPressed(VirtualKeyStates.VK_CONTROL), IsKeyPressed(VirtualKeyStates.VK_SHIFT),null,null); } } return CallNextHookEx(_hookID, nCode, wParam, lParam); } private static bool IsKeyPressed(VirtualKeyStates virtualKeyStates) { return (GetKeyState(virtualKeyStates) & (1 << 7))==128; } [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] private static extern IntPtr SetWindowsHookEx(int idHook, LowLevelKeyboardProc lpfn, IntPtr hMod, uint dwThreadId); [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)] private static extern bool UnhookWindowsHookEx(IntPtr hhk); [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] private static extern IntPtr CallNextHookEx(IntPtr hhk, int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam); [DllImport("kernel32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, SetLastError = true)] private static extern IntPtr GetModuleHandle(string lpModuleName); [DllImport("user32.dll")] static extern short GetKeyState(VirtualKeyStates nVirtKey); } enum VirtualKeyStates : int { VK_LBUTTON = 0x01, VK_RBUTTON = 0x02, VK_CANCEL = 0x03, VK_MBUTTON = 0x04, // VK_XBUTTON1 = 0x05, VK_XBUTTON2 = 0x06, // VK_BACK = 0x08, VK_TAB = 0x09, // VK_CLEAR = 0x0C, VK_RETURN = 0x0D, // VK_SHIFT = 0x10, VK_CONTROL = 0x11, VK_MENU = 0x12, VK_PAUSE = 0x13, VK_CAPITAL = 0x14, // VK_KANA = 0x15, VK_HANGEUL = 0x15, /* old name - should be here for compatibility */ VK_HANGUL = 0x15, VK_JUNJA = 0x17, VK_FINAL = 0x18, VK_HANJA = 0x19, VK_KANJI = 0x19, // VK_ESCAPE = 0x1B, // VK_CONVERT = 0x1C, VK_NONCONVERT = 0x1D, VK_ACCEPT = 0x1E, VK_MODECHANGE = 0x1F, // VK_SPACE = 0x20, VK_PRIOR = 0x21, VK_NEXT = 0x22, VK_END = 0x23, VK_HOME = 0x24, VK_LEFT = 0x25, VK_UP = 0x26, VK_RIGHT = 0x27, VK_DOWN = 0x28, VK_SELECT = 0x29, VK_PRINT = 0x2A, VK_EXECUTE = 0x2B, VK_SNAPSHOT = 0x2C, VK_INSERT = 0x2D, VK_DELETE = 0x2E, VK_HELP = 0x2F, // VK_LWIN = 0x5B, VK_RWIN = 0x5C, VK_APPS = 0x5D, // VK_SLEEP = 0x5F, // VK_NUMPAD0 = 0x60, VK_NUMPAD1 = 0x61, VK_NUMPAD2 = 0x62, VK_NUMPAD3 = 0x63, VK_NUMPAD4 = 0x64, VK_NUMPAD5 = 0x65, VK_NUMPAD6 = 0x66, VK_NUMPAD7 = 0x67, VK_NUMPAD8 = 0x68, VK_NUMPAD9 = 0x69, VK_MULTIPLY = 0x6A, VK_ADD = 0x6B, VK_SEPARATOR = 0x6C, VK_SUBTRACT = 0x6D, VK_DECIMAL = 0x6E, VK_DIVIDE = 0x6F, VK_F1 = 0x70, VK_F2 = 0x71, VK_F3 = 0x72, VK_F4 = 0x73, VK_F5 = 0x74, VK_F6 = 0x75, VK_F7 = 0x76, VK_F8 = 0x77, VK_F9 = 0x78, VK_F10 = 0x79, VK_F11 = 0x7A, VK_F12 = 0x7B, VK_F13 = 0x7C, VK_F14 = 0x7D, VK_F15 = 0x7E, VK_F16 = 0x7F, VK_F17 = 0x80, VK_F18 = 0x81, VK_F19 = 0x82, VK_F20 = 0x83, VK_F21 = 0x84, VK_F22 = 0x85, VK_F23 = 0x86, VK_F24 = 0x87, // VK_NUMLOCK = 0x90, VK_SCROLL = 0x91, // VK_OEM_NEC_EQUAL = 0x92, // '=' key on numpad // VK_OEM_FJ_JISHO = 0x92, // 'Dictionary' key VK_OEM_FJ_MASSHOU = 0x93, // 'Unregister word' key VK_OEM_FJ_TOUROKU = 0x94, // 'Register word' key VK_OEM_FJ_LOYA = 0x95, // 'Left OYAYUBI' key VK_OEM_FJ_ROYA = 0x96, // 'Right OYAYUBI' key // VK_LSHIFT = 0xA0, VK_RSHIFT = 0xA1, VK_LCONTROL = 0xA2, VK_RCONTROL = 0xA3, VK_LMENU = 0xA4, VK_RMENU = 0xA5, // VK_BROWSER_BACK = 0xA6, VK_BROWSER_FORWARD = 0xA7, VK_BROWSER_REFRESH = 0xA8, VK_BROWSER_STOP = 0xA9, VK_BROWSER_SEARCH = 0xAA, VK_BROWSER_FAVORITES = 0xAB, VK_BROWSER_HOME = 0xAC, // VK_VOLUME_MUTE = 0xAD, VK_VOLUME_DOWN = 0xAE, VK_VOLUME_UP = 0xAF, VK_MEDIA_NEXT_TRACK = 0xB0, VK_MEDIA_PREV_TRACK = 0xB1, VK_MEDIA_STOP = 0xB2, VK_MEDIA_PLAY_PAUSE = 0xB3, VK_LAUNCH_MAIL = 0xB4, VK_LAUNCH_MEDIA_SELECT = 0xB5, VK_LAUNCH_APP1 = 0xB6, VK_LAUNCH_APP2 = 0xB7, // VK_OEM_1 = 0xBA, // ';:' for US VK_OEM_PLUS = 0xBB, // '+' any country VK_OEM_COMMA = 0xBC, // ',' any country VK_OEM_MINUS = 0xBD, // '-' any country VK_OEM_PERIOD = 0xBE, // '.' any country VK_OEM_2 = 0xBF, // '/?' for US VK_OEM_3 = 0xC0, // '`~' for US // VK_OEM_4 = 0xDB, // '[{' for US VK_OEM_5 = 0xDC, // '\|' for US VK_OEM_6 = 0xDD, // ']}' for US VK_OEM_7 = 0xDE, // ''"' for US VK_OEM_8 = 0xDF, // VK_OEM_AX = 0xE1, // 'AX' key on Japanese AX kbd VK_OEM_102 = 0xE2, // "<>" or "\|" on RT 102-key kbd. VK_ICO_HELP = 0xE3, // Help key on ICO VK_ICO_00 = 0xE4, // 00 key on ICO // VK_PROCESSKEY = 0xE5, // VK_ICO_CLEAR = 0xE6, // VK_PACKET = 0xE7, // VK_OEM_RESET = 0xE9, VK_OEM_JUMP = 0xEA, VK_OEM_PA1 = 0xEB, VK_OEM_PA2 = 0xEC, VK_OEM_PA3 = 0xED, VK_OEM_WSCTRL = 0xEE, VK_OEM_CUSEL = 0xEF, VK_OEM_ATTN = 0xF0, VK_OEM_FINISH = 0xF1, VK_OEM_COPY = 0xF2, VK_OEM_AUTO = 0xF3, VK_OEM_ENLW = 0xF4, VK_OEM_BACKTAB = 0xF5, // VK_ATTN = 0xF6, VK_CRSEL = 0xF7, VK_EXSEL = 0xF8, VK_EREOF = 0xF9, VK_PLAY = 0xFA, VK_ZOOM = 0xFB, VK_NONAME = 0xFC, VK_PA1 = 0xFD, VK_OEM_CLEAR = 0xFE } It works well even if you put messagebox into the event or something that blocks execution. But it gets bad if you try to put breakpoint into the event. Why? I mean event is not run in the same thread that the windows hook is. That means that It shouldn't block HookCallback. It does however... I would really like to know why is this happening. My theory is that Visual Studio when breaking execution temporarily stops all threads and that means that HookCallback is blocked... Is there any book or valuable resource that would explain concepts behind all of this threading?

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• Performance optimization for SQL Server: decrease stored procedures execution time or unload the ser

  - by tim

  We have a web service which provides search over hotels. There is a problem with performance: a single request to the service takes around 5000 ms. Almost all of the time is spent in database by executing storing procedures. During the request our server (mssql2008) consumes ~90% of the processor time. When 2 requests are made in parallel the average time grows and is around 7000 ms. When number of request is increasing, the average time of response is increasing as well. We have 20-30 requests per minute. Which kind of optimization is the best in this case having in mind that the goal is to provide stable response time for the service: 1) Try to decrease the stored procedures execution time 2) Try to find the way how to unload the server It is interesting to hear from people who deal with booking sites.

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