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• Configure iptables with a bridge and static IPs

  - by Andrew Koester

  I have my server set up with several public IP addresses, with a network configuration as follows (with example IPs): eth0 \- br0 - 1.1.1.2 |- [VM 1's eth0] | |- 1.1.1.3 | \- 1.1.1.4 \- [VM 2's eth0] \- 1.1.1.5 My question is, how do I set up iptables with different rules for the actual physical server as well as the VMs? I don't mind having the VMs doing their own iptables, but I'd like br0 to have a different set of rules. Right now I can only let everything through, which is not the desired behavior (as br0 is exposed). Thanks!

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• Allowing outbound traffic with APF/iptables for OpenVZ container

  - by David

  I have apf installed on a OpenVZ container (proxmox 2.1). The config is pretty much vanilla and things are working. My external services like ssh and http are working. My problem is that all outbound traffic on http/https is blocked. How do I allow all outbound traffic for http/https. If I change EGF to 1 like this, all inbound and outbound traffic gets blocked EGF="1" EG_TCP_CPORTS="21,25,80,443,43,53" EG_UDP_CPORTS="20,21,53" EG_ICMP_TYPES="all" I opened a single outbound rule with the following # /usr/local/sbin/apf -a downloads.wordpress.org How do I allow all outbound traffic on http/https without blocking all traffic? Why would I allow all inbound ssh/http traffic and block all outbound traffic?

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• How do you synchronise huge sparse files (VM disk images) between machines?

  - by chrisdew

  Is there a command, such as rsync, which can synchronise huge, sparse, files from one linux server to another? It is very important that the destination file remains sparse. It may be longer (but not bigger) than the drive which contains it. Only changed blocks should be sent across the wire. I have tried rsync, but got no joy. groups.google.com/group/mailing.unix.rsync/browse_thread/thread/94f39271980513d3 If I write a programme to do this, am I just reinventing the wheel? http://www.finalcog.com/synchronise-block-devices Thanks, Chris.

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• How to switch off the monitor when mouse reaches the edge of the screen?

  - by evgeny9

  I have 2 computers at home (Windows XP and Windows 7), but one monitor for both of them. They are connected to this monitor using different interfaces: DVI and VGA. I'm also using one keyboard and one mouse to control both PCs with the help of Synergy or Input Director. But I still need to manually switch between monitor interfaces. I wonder, if there's some way (software) that will switch this interfaces (turn off the monitor), when reach the edge of the screen with the mouse. Until now I found several answers, which help to avoid pressing hardware buttons, but still can not do the job automatically based on mouse pointer coordinates. Thank you.

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• Playing games over RDP and utilizing other res of powerfull PC... [closed]

  - by Alex

  Possible Duplicate: Is it possible to run games over remote desktop? Hey guys, I have the one question..that may be not usual but very interesting.. Well, I have laptop and some powerfull PC, now I want to utilize ALL energy of the powerfull PC on my notebook.. for example, run games like F.E.A.R on powefull PC and next play it over the Remote Desktop on my laptop.. both PC may be connected lan < lan, or thru Wi-Fi, or FireWare, or (?) any other way that does not matter.. Google told me that it won't work over RDP due to protocol lacks and there should be many bump on the road on that way.. but, maybe , you guys will give me the right point ? Let's formalzie.. we'd like to utilize all resources of one PC on another PC via network, how we should do that ? Any ideas?

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• How to improve network performance between two Win 2008 KMV guest having virtio driver already?

  - by taazaa

  I have two physical servers with Ubuntu 10.04 server on them. They are connected with a 1Gbps card over a gigabit switch. Each of these host servers has one Win 2008 guest VM. Both VMs are well provisioned (4 cores, 12GB RAM), RAW disks. My asp.net/sql server applications are running much slower compared to very similar physical setups. Both machines are setup to use virtio for disk and network. I used iperf to check network performance and I get: Physical host 1 ----- Physical Host 2: 957 Mbits/sec Physical host 1 ----- Win 08 Guest 1: 557 Mbits/sec Win 08 Guest 1 ----- Phy host 1: 182 Mbits/sec Win 08 Guest 1 ----- Win 08 Guest 2: 111 Mbits /sec My app is running on Win08 Guest 1 and Guest 2 (web and db). There is a huge drop in network throughput (almost 90%) between the two guest. Further the throughput does not seem to be symmetric between host and guest as well. The CPU utilization on the guests and hosts is less than 2% right now (we are just testing right now). Apart from this, there have been random slow downs in the network to as low as 1 Mbits/sec making the whole application unusable. Any help to trouble shoot this would be appreciated.

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• How can I turn off display resolution auto-detection in Windows Vista?

  - by 6502

  At work I've 4 different computers connected using a keyboard/video/mouse switch. Quite often when I switch to windows vista the resolution is totally wrong and I need to get the screen properties dialog, change to another wrong resolution (because the fun part is that the apparently current resolution listed in the dialog is the correct one) then re-switch to the correct resolution. I would really like to just shut that broken resolution autodetection code off. Is there a way to disable screen resolution autodetection in Windows Vista?

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• How to makesure VM is in Para virtualization mode on XEN?

  - by ananthan

  I am having a server running XEN,with ubuntu 12.04 as Domain 0. Intel VT is turned on by default and i dont want to run any Windows OS as VM. So 1. how can i makesure that all the created VM will be in paravirtualized mode even with VT enabled? I have heard that in Full Virtualization hypervisor needs to work hard for emulating all the underlying hardware,which may reduce performance for too much i/o specific applications when compared to para mode. 2.Since i am running only Linux VMs do i really need to enable VT support? 3.Can i be able to run Linux VM in para mode with VT enabled? 4.Will simply turning on VT support changes virtualization from para to full virtualization?? 5.Will there be any performance improvement for VM running Linux OS if VT is enabled?

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• Android emulator is based on QEMU. Can I use KVM with it?

  - by Felix

  My laptop supports hardware virtualization (AMD SVM) and I know that: QEMU can make use of hardware virtualization through KVM; The Android emulator is very much based on QEMU Natural question follows: can I combine the two (Android+KVM) to get improved performance in the emulator?

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• Export a openvz (not kvm) VM to XEN (directly o via vmware or similar)

  - by Antonello Pasella

  Is there a way to export a openvz VM from proxmox to xen? Tkz

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• IP KVM switch, or serial console box for remote admin?

  - by grahzny

  We have a small server farm (11 now, may add more in the future) of HP Proliant DL160 G6s. They all run either Linux (server only, no X11) or VMware ESX. We had intended to get models with iLO, in case BIOS-level remote admin became an issue, but that didn't happen. I had an IP KVM switch recommended to me (along with some sort of Remote Reboot hardware.) I've since realized that none of our machines need GUI administration, so perhaps a serial console switch would be a cheaper and more appropriate option. Something like this: http://www.kvm-switches-online.com/serimux-cs-32.html Do you folks have an opinions on which way is a better choice? Should we go for the ease of setup (plug and go, instead of turning on the feature in the BIOS and making sure the serial settings are correct) and the flexibility of an IP KVM switch even with the extra cost? Or is a serial console switch just fine?

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• What's faster for web-server virtualization ? (virtualbox or KVM)

  - by marc

  I have question, does anyone try to set up a webserver (debian) using virtualbox (x64) ? Right now i have few servers in KVM (x64) but i think it work slowly... Can i get something more (faster, performance) using virtualbox (x64)? On my home installation it looks very fast. Should i move to vbox against kvm ? I'm looking for answer from someone who have in virtualbox (x64) real server (can be headless) (debian/ubuntu) not windows xp or other home using things ;) I also got xp, 2k3, ubuntu in virtualbox (x86) and for me looking faster than kvm(x64). But it's hard to say anything without real tests done by multiple users not just one.

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• Straight-forward to Virtualise with XEN or KVM on IBM Server System x3650 M4 791562G?

  - by ChrisZZ

  I want to built a virtualised Server Environment using XEN or KVM. The virtual machines should be purely debian systems - so XEN or KVM should be a sane choice. Now while buying servers, I am confronted with the fact, that the vendors obviously only support commercial solution. I think, on a good server, one should be able to install uncommercial software as well - but of course sometimes systems have hardware, that requires drivers, that are not found in the OS Community. So I am asked the question: Is it straight-forward to use Debian with IBM Server System x3650 M4 791562G with Debian - or even virtualising the IBM Server System x3650 M4 791562G using XEN or KVM. I am sure there will always be a way to achieve this goal - but this way might have a high milage - so I am not asking, whether this is theoretical possible, but whether this should be straight-forward and practically easy to do, no major headaches to be expected.

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• vir-install virtual machine hang on Probbing EDD

  - by user2256235

  I'm using vir-stall virtual machine, and my command is virt-install --name=gust --vcpus=4 --ram=8192 --network bridge:br0 --cdrom=/opt/rhel-server-6.2-x86_64-dvd.iso --disk path=/opt/as1/as1.img,size=50 --accelerate After running the command, it hangs on probing EDD, - Press the <ENTER> key to begin the installation process. +----------------------------------------------------------+ | Welcome to Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.2! | |----------------------------------------------------------| | Install or upgrade an existing system | | Install system with basic video driver | | Rescue installed system | | Boot from local drive | | Memory test | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +----------------------------------------------------------+ Press [Tab] to edit options Automatic boot in 57 seconds... Loading vmlinuz...... Loading initrd.img...............................ready. Probing EDD (edd=off to disable)... ok ÿ Previously, I wait a long time, it seems no marching. After I press ctrl + ] and stop it. I find it was running using virsh list, but I cannot console it using virsh concole gust. Any problem and how should I do. Many Thanks

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• Setting up a "to-many" relationship value dependency for a transient Core Data attribute

  - by Greg Combs

  I've got a relatively complicated Core Data relationship structure and I'm trying to figure out how to set up value dependencies (or observations) across various to-many relationships. Let me start out with some basic info. I've got a classroom with students, assignments, and grades (students X assignments). For simplicity's sake, we don't really have to focus much on the assignments yet. StudentObj <--->> ScoreObj <<---> AssignmentObj Each ScoreObj has a to-one relation with the StudentObj and the AssignmentObj. ScoreObj has real attributes for the numerical grade, the turnInDate, and notes. AssignmentObj.scores is the set of Score objects for that assignment (N = all students). AssignmentObj has real attributes for name, dueDate, curveFunction, gradeWeight, and maxPoints. StudentObj.scores is the set of Score objects for that student (N = all assignments). StudentObj also has real attributes like name, studentID, email, etc. StudentObj has a transient (calculated, not stored) attribute called gradeTotal. This last item, gradeTotal, is the real pickle. it calculates the student's overall semester grade using the scores (ScoreObj) from all their assignments, their associated assignment gradeWeights, curves, and maxPoints, and various other things. This gradeTotal value is displayed in a table column, along with all the students and their individual assignment grades. Determining the value of gradeTotal is a relatively expensive operation, particularly with a large class, therefore I want to run it only when necessary. For simplicity's sake, I'm not storing that gradeTotal value in the core data model. I don't mind caching it somewhere, but I'm having a bitch of a time determining where and how to best update that cache. I need to run that calculation for each student whenever any value changes that affects their gradeTotal. If this were a simple to-one relationship, I know I could use something like keyPathsForValuesAffectingGradeTotal ... but it's more like a many-to-one-to-many relationship. Does anyone know of an elegant (and KVC correct) solution? I guess I could tear through all those score and assignment objects and tell them to register their students as observers. But this seems like a blunt force approach.

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• Lost the config of my monitor once I connected it to a KVM switch.

  - by jfmessier

  I used to have a monitor (Acer 20", AL2017) connected to the external video port of my laptop. Everything was great and I could get a rather high resolution available when setting it under Ubuntu (all versions). But since I connected it to a KVM, the monitor is no more recognized, and I cannot go beyond 1024x768. My video adapter is an Intel chipset 9xx from an older Pentium Core 2 Duo laptop. The same monitor, using another video chipset (Intel 82G33/G31 rev 02) is properly detected through the switch box. Looks to me like the video chipset is not the best, and I can live with this. I see that I have no xorg.conf, and I understand that I would need to generate one so I can then use it to force the available modes on the X system. How can I generate the xorg.conf file for my Intel video chip, so I can use it then ? Merci :-)

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• How to (properly) back up a live QEMU/KVM VM?

  - by Roman

  I'm currently engineering a backup solution for KVM VM's as an additional measure to traditional backups. Unfortunately, all currently (August 2013) existing solutions I came across so far either: do not ensure a consistent backup of the VM (losing RAM state, creating a dirty image, or other things), or require lengthy downtime (complete VM shutdown while backing up). I'm aware of QEMU/libvirt's functionality of taking snapshots, however, it's not yet usable since: image-internal snapshots present you with an ever-changing image file, resulting in a likely dirty backup (assuming one uses qcow2 images at all). one cannot yet merge a currently active external snapshot into the original backing image ("blockcommit"). Out of the above reasons, I'm now implementing a script that: Saves the VM's state and halts it Sets up a devicemapper snapshot(s) where the VM's disk images and state reside Resumes the VM Mount the snapshot(s) of step 2. Backs up the VM's disk and state (configuration for convenience) Merges back the snapshot(s). If I got everything right, this will take consistent backups of VM's with only seconds (if at all, since 1-3 is fast, possibly sub-second) of downtime. Of course, when restoring, the VM will be way in the past, but at least giving me the option of an orderly shutdown/reboot. Am I missing something with this solution? Or has someone indeed already implemented this?

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• Is QEMU good for learning programming in assembler for ARM and PowerPC?

  - by Goofy

  Hello! I want to learn programming in assembler for PowerPC and ARM, but I'm unable to buy real hardware for this purpose. I'm thinking about using QEMU for that. However I'm not sure if it emulates both architectures enough well, that I'll compile and run my programs in native assembler on it?

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• Oracle Certification and virtualization Solutions.

  - by scoter

  As stated in official MOS ( My Oracle Support ) document 249212.1 support for Oracle products on non-Oracle VM platforms follow exactly the same stance as support for VMware and, so, the only x86 virtualization software solution certified for any Oracle product is "Oracle VM". Based on the fact that: Oracle VM is totally free ( you have the option to buy Oracle-Support ) Certified is pretty different from supported ( OracleVM is certified, others could be supported ) With Oracle VM you may not require to reproduce your issue(s) on physical server Oracle VM is the only x86 software solution that allows hard-partitioning *** *** see details to these Oracle public links: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/vm/ovm-hardpart-168217.pdf http://www.oracle.com/us/corporate/pricing/partitioning-070609.pdf people started asking to migrate from third party virtualization software (ex. RH KVM, VMWare) to Oracle VM. Migrating RH KVM guest to Oracle VM. OracleVM has a built-in P2V utility ( Official Documentation ) but in some cases we can't use it, due to : network inaccessibility between hypervisors ( KVM and OVM ) network slowness between hypervisors (KVM and OVM) size of the guest virtual-disks Here you'll find a step-by-step guide to "manually" migrate a guest machine from KVM to OVM. 1. Verify source guest characteristics. Using KVM web console you can verify characteristics of the guest you need to migrate, such as: CPU Cores details Defined Memory ( RAM ) Name of your guest Guest operating system Disks details ( number and size ) Network details ( number of NICs and network configuration ) 2. Export your guest in OVF / OVA format.  The export from Redhat KVM ( kernel virtual machine ) will create a structured export of your guest: [root@ovmserver1 mnt]# lltotal 12drwxrwx--- 5 36 36 4096 Oct 19 2012 b8296fca-13c4-4841-a50f-773b5139fcee b8296fca-13c4-4841-a50f-773b5139fcee is the ID of the guest exported from RH-KVM [root@ovmserver1 mnt]# cd b8296fca-13c4-4841-a50f-773b5139fcee/[root@ovmserver1 b8296fca-13c4-4841-a50f-773b5139fcee]# ls -ltrtotal 12drwxr-x--- 4 36 36 4096 Oct 19  2012 masterdrwxrwx--- 2 36 36 4096 Oct 29  2012 dom_mddrwxrwx--- 4 36 36 4096 Oct 31  2012 images images contains your virtual-disks exported [root@ovmserver1 b8296fca-13c4-4841-a50f-773b5139fcee]# cd images/[root@ovmserver1 images]# ls -ltratotal 16drwxrwx--- 5 36 36 4096 Oct 19  2012 ..drwxrwx--- 2 36 36 4096 Oct 31  2012 d4ef928d-6dc6-4743-b20d-568b424728a5drwxrwx--- 2 36 36 4096 Oct 31  2012 4b241ea0-43aa-4f3b-ab7d-2fc633b491a1drwxrwx--- 4 36 36 4096 Oct 31  2012 .[root@ovmserver1 images]# cd d4ef928d-6dc6-4743-b20d-568b424728a5/[root@ovmserver1 d4ef928d-6dc6-4743-b20d-568b424728a5]# ls -ltotal 5169092-rwxr----- 1 36 36 187904819200 Oct 31  2012 4c03b1cf-67cc-4af0-ad1e-529fd665dac1-rw-rw---- 1 36 36          341 Oct 31  2012 4c03b1cf-67cc-4af0-ad1e-529fd665dac1.meta[root@ovmserver1 d4ef928d-6dc6-4743-b20d-568b424728a5]# file 4c03b1cf-67cc-4af0-ad1e-529fd665dac14c03b1cf-67cc-4af0-ad1e-529fd665dac1: LVM2 (Linux Logical Volume Manager) , UUID: sZL1Ttpy0vNqykaPahEo3hK3lGhwspv 4c03b1cf-67cc-4af0-ad1e-529fd665dac1 is the first exported disk ( physical volume ) [root@ovmserver1 d4ef928d-6dc6-4743-b20d-568b424728a5]# cd ../4b241ea0-43aa-4f3b-ab7d-2fc633b491a1/[root@ovmserver1 4b241ea0-43aa-4f3b-ab7d-2fc633b491a1]# ls -ltotal 5568076-rwxr----- 1 36 36 107374182400 Oct 31  2012 9020f2e1-7b8a-4641-8f80-749768cc237a-rw-rw---- 1 36 36          341 Oct 31  2012 9020f2e1-7b8a-4641-8f80-749768cc237a.meta[root@ovmserver1 4b241ea0-43aa-4f3b-ab7d-2fc633b491a1]# file 9020f2e1-7b8a-4641-8f80-749768cc237a9020f2e1-7b8a-4641-8f80-749768cc237a: x86 boot sector; partition 1: ID=0x83, active, starthead 1, startsector 63, 401562 sectors; partition 2: ID=0x82, starthead 0, startsector 401625, 65529135 sectors; startsector 63, 401562 sectors; partition 2: ID=0x82, starthead 0, startsector 401625, 65529135 sectors; partition 3: ID=0x83, starthead 254, startsector 65930760, 8385930 sectors; partition 4: ID=0x5, starthead 254, startsector 74316690, 135395820 sectors, code offset 0x48 9020f2e1-7b8a-4641-8f80-749768cc237a is the second exported disk, with partition 1 bootable 3. Prepare the new guest on Oracle VM. By Ovm-Manager we can prepare the guest where we will move the exported virtual-disks; under the Tab "Servers and VMs": click on  and create your guest with parameters collected before (point 1): - add NICs on different networks: - add virtual-disks; in this case we add two disks of 1.0 GB each one; we will extend the virtual disk copying the source KVM virtual-disk ( see next steps ) - verify virtual-disks created ( under Repositories tab ) 4. Verify OVM virtual-disks names. [root@ovmserver1 VirtualMachines]# grep -r hyptest_rdbms * 0004fb0000060000a906b423f44da98e/vm.cfg:OVM_simple_name = 'hyptest_rdbms' [root@ovmserver1 VirtualMachines]# cd 0004fb0000060000a906b423f44da98e [root@ovmserver1 0004fb0000060000a906b423f44da98e]# more vm.cfgvif = ['mac=00:21:f6:0f:3f:85,bridge=0004fb001089128', 'mac=00:21:f6:0f:3f:8e,bridge=0004fb00101971d'] OVM_simple_name = 'hyptest_rdbms' vnclisten = '127.0.0.1' disk = ['file:/OVS/Repositories/0004fb00000300004f17b7368139eb41/ VirtualDisks/0004fb000012000097c1bfea9834b17d.img,xvda,w', 'file:/OVS/Repositories/0004fb00000300004f17b7368139eb41/VirtualDisks/ 0004fb0000120000cde6a11c3cb1d0be.img,xvdb,w'] vncunused = '1' uuid = '0004fb00-0006-0000-a906-b423f44da98e' on_reboot = 'restart' cpu_weight = 27500 memory = 32768 cpu_cap = 0 maxvcpus = 8 OVM_high_availability = True maxmem = 32768 vnc = '1' OVM_description = '' on_poweroff = 'destroy' on_crash = 'restart' name = '0004fb0000060000a906b423f44da98e' guest_os_type = 'linux' builder = 'hvm' vcpus = 8 keymap = 'en-us' OVM_os_type = 'Oracle Linux 5' OVM_cpu_compat_group = '' OVM_domain_type = 'xen_hvm' disk2 ovm ==> /OVS/Repositories/0004fb00000300004f17b7368139eb41/VirtualDisks/ 0004fb0000120000cde6a11c3cb1d0be.img disk1 ovm ==> /OVS/Repositories/0004fb00000300004f17b7368139eb41/VirtualDisks/ 0004fb000012000097c1bfea9834b17d.img Summarizing disk1 --source ==> /mnt/b8296fca-13c4-4841-a50f-773b5139fcee/images/4b241ea0-43aa-4f3b-ab7d-2fc633b491a1/9020f2e1-7b8a-4641-8f80-749768cc237a disk1 --dest ==> /OVS/Repositories/0004fb00000300004f17b7368139eb41/VirtualDisks/ 0004fb000012000097c1bfea9834b17d.img disk2 --source ==> /mnt/b8296fca-13c4-4841-a50f-773b5139fcee/images/d4ef928d-6dc6-4743-b20d-568b424728a5/4c03b1cf-67cc-4af0-ad1e-529fd665dac1 disk2 --dest ==> /OVS/Repositories/0004fb00000300004f17b7368139eb41/VirtualDisks/ 0004fb0000120000cde6a11c3cb1d0be.img 5. Copy KVM exported virtual-disks to OVM virtual-disks. Keeping your Oracle VM guest stopped you can copy KVM exported virtual-disks to OVM virtual-disks; what I did is only to locally mount the filesystem containing the exported virtual-disk ( by an usb device ) on my OVS; the copy automatically resize OVM virtual-disks ( previously created with a size of 1GB ) . nohup cp /mnt/b8296fca-13c4-4841-a50f-773b5139fcee/images/4b241ea0-43aa-4f3b-ab7d-2fc633b491a1/9020f2e1-7b8a-4641-8f80-749768cc237a /OVS/Repositories/0004fb00000300004f17b7368139eb41/VirtualDisks/0004fb000012000097c1bfea9834b17d.img & nohup cp /mnt/b8296fca-13c4-4841-a50f-773b5139fcee/images/d4ef928d-6dc6-4743-b20d-568b424728a5/4c03b1cf-67cc-4af0-ad1e-529fd665dac1 /OVS/Repositories/0004fb00000300004f17b7368139eb41/VirtualDisks/0004fb0000120000cde6a11c3cb1d0be.img & 7. When copy completed refresh repository to aknowledge the new-disks size. 7. After "refresh repository" is completed, start guest machine by Oracle VM manager. After the first start of your guest: - verify that you can see all disks and partitions - verify that your guest is network reachable ( MAC Address of your NICs changed ) Eventually you can also evaluate to convert your guest to PVM ( Paravirtualized virtual Machine ) following official Oracle documentation. Ciao Simon COTER ps: next-time I'd like to post an article reporting how to manually migrate Virtual-Iron guests to OracleVM.  Comments and corrections are welcome. 

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• How to mount a cdrom to a kvm/qemu domain?

  - by ??O?????

  I have set up a virtual machine running Windows XP on my Ubuntu laptop. Using the virt-manager GUI application, I can insert a CD in my drive and go to Details?IDE CDROM 1 and click on the Connect button. Then the CD becomes available in my virtual machine. How can I do the same through the command line? Obviously, I'd like to be able to disconnect from the command line too. Note: I can start the VM from the command line using virsh start testbed (testbed being the name of the domain/VM).

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• Any non-custom way to manage iptables with fail2ban and libvirt+kvm?

  - by Peter Hansen

  I have an Ubuntu 9.04 server running libvirt/kvm and fail2ban (for SSH attacks). Both libvirt and fail2ban integrate with iptables in different ways. Libvirt uses (I think) some XML config and during startup (?) configures forwarding to the VM subnet. Fail2ban installs a custom chain (probably at init) and periodically modifies it to ban/unban probable attackers. I also need to install my own rules to forward various ports to servers running in VMs and on other machines, and set up rudimentary security (e.g. drop all INPUT traffic except the few ports I want open), and of course I'd like the ability to add/remove rules safely without restarting. It seems to me iptables is a powerful tool that's sorely lacking some sort of standardized way of juggling all this stuff. Every project, and every sysadmin, seems to do it differently! (And I think there's lots of "cargo cult" admin going on here, with people cloning crude approaches like "use iptables-save like so".) Short of figuring out the gory details of exactly how both of these (and potentially other) tools manipulate the netfilter tables, and developing my own scripts or just manually executing iptables commands, is there any way to safely work with iptables while not breaking the functionality of these other tools? Any nascent standards or projects defined to bring sanity to this area? Even a helpful web page I missed that might cover at least these two packages together?

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• How to create a snapshot volume to a remote server using kvm?

  - by Purres

  I want to backup a few virtual machines to a backup server. Here're the backup steps. suspend a virtual machine create a snapshot of the virtual machine using lvcreate -s resume a virtual machine dd if=/virtual_machine_path | lzop > /temp/backup.lzo rsync /temp/backup.lzo -e "ssh " 1.2.3.4:/backup_path/ However, the hypervisor server doesn't have enough hard disk space to create a snapshot in step 2. Is there a way to create a logical volume snapshot to a remote server?

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• Installed UBUNTU12.04 in Legacy, when changed to UEFI just runs the Terminal, not GUI

  - by jraulvc

  Well, I installed Ubuntu 12.04 in a Gateway NE 522 with Windows 8. First, I had to install it in Legacy mode, because in UEFI it would not run the bootable USB. In the Legacy mode it runs perfect. Once done that with help of the "Boot-Repair" I changed it to the UEFI and disabled the secure boot mode. GRUB runs fine but when I run ubuntu I get the following message: microcode: failed to load file amd-ucode/microcode_amd_fam16h.bin kvm: disabled by bios kvm: disabled by bios kvm: disabled by bios and then I just get access to the terminal. From there, I have already tried with reinstalling unity and gmd. When I try to install amd64-microcode the same error ocurrs ( microcode: failed to load file amd-ucode/microcode_amd_fam16h.bin ) by the "updating the microcode on all online processors..." phase of the installation. Can somebody tell me how can I recover the graphical interphase of ubuntu from the terminal? Thanks a lot

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• Is there a possibility to run applets on Android or Blackberry?

  - by Maxood

  This is what the Java site www.java.com says: "KVM, the virtual machine for mobile devices, is the counterpart of JVM (Java virtual machine). It is used to run applets and applications written with Java technology on mobile devices. KVM must be installed by the manufacturer. It is NOT available for download or installation by consumers". Now Android has a customized virtual machine called DVM (Dalvik Virtual Machine). Can we compare it with KVM? Wonder if we can further reprogram DVM to incorporate features of KVM to run applets on Android? Same goes for Blacberry, is there a possibility?

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• SmartOS reboots spontaneously

  - by Alex

  I run a SmartOS system on a Hetzner EX4S (Intel Core i7-2600, 32G RAM, 2x3Tb SATA HDD). There are six virtual machines on the host: [root@10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 ~]# vmadm list UUID TYPE RAM STATE ALIAS d2223467-bbe5-4b81-a9d1-439e9a66d43f KVM 512 running xxxx1 5f36358f-68fa-4351-b66f-830484b9a6ee KVM 1024 running xxxx2 d570e9ac-9eac-4e4f-8fda-2b1d721c8358 OS 1024 running xxxx3 ef88979e-fb7f-460c-bf56-905755e0a399 KVM 1024 running xxxx4 d8e06def-c9c9-4d17-b975-47dd4836f962 KVM 4096 running xxxx5 4b06fe88-db6e-4cf3-aadd-e1006ada7188 KVM 9216 running xxxx5 [root@10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 ~]# The host reboots several times a week with no crash dump in /var/crash and no messages in the /var/adm/messages log. Basically /var/adm/messages looks like there was a hard reset: 2012-11-23T08:54:43.210625+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T09:14:43.187589+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T09:34:43.165100+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T09:54:43.142065+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T10:14:43.119365+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T10:34:43.096351+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T10:54:43.073821+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 rsyslogd: -- MARK -- 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610954+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 genunix: [ID 540533 kern.notice] #015SunOS Release 5.11 Version joyent_20121018T224723Z 64-bit 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610962+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 genunix: [ID 299592 kern.notice] Copyright (c) 2010-2012, Joyent Inc. All rights reserved. 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610967+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: lgpg 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610971+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: tsc 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610974+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: msr 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610978+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: mtrr 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610981+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: pge 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610984+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: de 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610987+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: cmov 2012-11-23T10:57:55.610995+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: mmx 2012-11-23T10:57:55.611000+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: mca 2012-11-23T10:57:55.611004+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: pae 2012-11-23T10:57:55.611008+00:00 10-bf-48-7f-e7-03 unix: [ID 223955 kern.info] x86_feature: cv8 The problem is that sometimes the host loses the network interface on reboot so we need to perform a manual hardware reset to bring it back. We do not have physical or virtual access to the server console - no KVM, no iLO or anything like this. So, the only way to debug is to analyze crash dumps/log files. I am not a SmartOS/Solaris expert so I am not sure how to proceed. Is there any equivalent of Linux netconsole for SmartOS? Can I just redirect the console output to the network port somehow? Maybe I am missing something obvious and crash information is located somewhere else.

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