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• Raspberry Pi Now Shipping with 512MB RAM; Still Only $35

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Fans of the tiny Raspberry Pi will be pleased to hear the new version of their Model B board now ships with 512MB of RAM (up from the previous 256MB). The best part about the upgrade? The price point stays at $35 a board. From the official Raspberry Pi blog: One of the most common suggestions we’ve heard since launch is that we should produce a more expensive “Model C” version of Raspberry Pi with extra RAM. This would be useful for people who want to use the Pi as a general-purpose computer, with multiple large applications running concurrently, and would enable some interesting embedded use cases (particularly using Java) which are slightly too heavyweight to fit comfortably in 256MB. The downside of this suggestion for us is that we’re very attached to $35 as our highest price point. With this in mind, we’re pleased to announce that from today all Model B Raspberry Pis will ship with 512MB of RAM as standard. If you have an outstanding order with either distributor, you will receive the upgraded device in place of the 256MB version you ordered. Units should start arriving in customers’ hands today, and we will be making a firmware upgrade available in the next couple of days to enable access to the additional memory. We’re excited to get our hands on a new board and try out Raspbmc with that extra RAM. HTG Explains: What is the Windows Page File and Should You Disable It? How To Get a Better Wireless Signal and Reduce Wireless Network Interference How To Troubleshoot Internet Connection Problems

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• Sorting objects before rendering

  - by dreta

  I'm trying to implement a scene graph and in all the articles i've come across there is talk about object sorting. So you'd sort your objects by "material" for example. Now untill i sat down and started implementing it, i kind of took this for granted, because it made sense. But now i'm wondering what does sorting actually change? In my engine, i have a manager for UBOs, i use those to store data that'll be shared between programs, at the moment that only involves time, camera and projection matrices and lights (i'm not worrying about managing which lights affect which objects ATM). Now for each model i have to change the model to world matrix uniform, no sorting is going to change that. So is the jump from changing this matrix to also setting a material for each object that bad? I vaguely remember reading somewhere that each time you change something in the pipeline, it has to get flushed and that can cause performance issues. But for each drawing call i'm setting up a model to world matrix anyway, so what sense does it make to ever be concerned about this? BTW is there any information about whether changing a uniform and calling glBufferSubData is more (or less) expensive.

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• Does this syntax for specifying Django conditional form display align with python/django convention?

  - by andy

  I asked a similar question on Stackoverflow and was told it was better asked here. So I'll ask it slightly rephrased. I am working on a Django project, part of which will become a distributable plugin that allows the python/django developer to specify conditional form field display logic in the form class or model class. I am trying to decide how the developer must specify that logic. Here's an example: class MyModel(models.Model): #these are some django model fields which will be used in a form yes_or_no = models.SomeField...choices are yes or no... why = models.SomeField...text, but only relevant if yes_or_no == yes... elaborate_even_more = models.SomeField...more text, just here so we can have multiple conditions #here i am inventing some syntax...i am looking for suggestions!! #this is one possibility why.show_if = ('yes_or_no','==','yes') elaborate_even_more.show_if = (('yes_or_no','==','yes'),('why','is not','None')) #help me choose a syntax that is *easy*...and Pythonic and...Djangonic...and that makes your fingers happy to type! #another alternative... conditions = {'why': ('yes_or_no','==','yes'), 'elaborate_even_more': (('yes_or_no','==','yes'),('why','is not','None')) } #or another alternative... """Showe the field whiche hath the name *why* only under that circumstance in whiche the field whiche hath the name *yes_or_no* hath the value *yes*, in strictest equality.""" etc... Those conditions will be eventually passed via django templates to some javascript that will show or hide form fields accordingly. Which of those options (or please propose a better option) aligns better with conventions such that it will be easiest for the python/django developer to use? Also are there other considerations that should impact what syntax I choose?

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• Displaying a Paged Grid of Data in ASP.NET MVC

  This article demonstrates how to display a paged grid of data in an ASP.NET MVC application and builds upon the work done in two earlier articles: Displaying a Grid of Data in ASP.NET MVC and Sorting a Grid of Data in ASP.NET MVC. Displaying a Grid of Data in ASP.NET MVC started with creating a new ASP.NET MVC application in Visual Studio, then added the Northwind database to the project and showed how to use Microsoft's Linq-to-SQL tool to access data from the database. The article then looked at creating a Controller and View for displaying a list of product information (the Model). Sorting a Grid of Data in ASP.NET MVC enhanced the application by adding a view-specific Model (ProductGridModel) that provided the View with the sorted collection of products to display along with sort-related information, such as the name of the database column the products were sorted by and whether the products were sorted in ascending or descending order. The Sorting a Grid of Data in ASP.NET MVC article also walked through creating a partial view to render the grid's header row so that each column header was a link that, when clicked, sorted the grid by that column. In this article we enhance the view-specific Model (ProductGridModel) to include paging-related information to include the current page being viewed, how many records to show per page, and how many total records are being paged through. Next, we create an action in the Controller that efficiently retrieves the appropriate subset of records to display and then complete the exercise by building a View that displays the subset of records and includes a paging interface that allows the user to step to the next or previous page, or to jump to a particular page number, we create and use a partial view that displays a numeric paging interface Like with its predecessors, this article offers step-by-step instructions and includes a complete, working demo available for download at the end of the article. Read on to learn more! Read More >

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• Oh snap! My RPi was upgraded to 512MB! Woo-hoo!

  - by hinkmond

  I ordered a Raspberry Pi Model B (256MB) over 4 months ago on backorder. When it finally came I saw it was upgraded to the new half a gig model! Woot! But, all was not perfect. Gary C. told me the shipped configuration of the new RPi models didn't have the right firmware for 512MB, and I had to upgrade the start.elf in the /boot directory to recognize all of the 512MB RAM. I did a "free" command, and sure enough saw only 240MB. Sadness. But, Gary gave me a copy of his start.elf which worked after some trail and error. For anyone ordering the new RPi Model B w/512MB, here are the steps to get you going with full 512MB RAM: sudo apt-get update --fix-missing sudo apt-get upgrade --fix-missing # NOTE: This step takes at least a couple hours on a # fast network wget https://raw.github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/\ 164b0fe2b3b56081c7510df93bc1440aebe45f7e/boot/\ arm496_start.elf sudo mv /boot/start.elf /boot/orig-start.elf sudo mv arm496_start.elf /boot/start.elf sudo reboot free total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 497768 210596 287172 0 16892 169624 -/+ buffers/cache: 24080 473688 Swap: 102396 0 102396 So of course this means... (drumroll) there is now 498MB available for the Java Embedded heap! java -Xmx400m -version java version "1.7.0_06" Java(TM) SE Embedded Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_06-b24, headless) Java HotSpot(TM) Embedded Client VM (build 23.2-b09, mixed mode) Yeah, baby! Hinkmond

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• Who can change the View in MVC?

  - by Luke

  I'm working on a thick client graph displaying and manipulation application. I'm trying to apply the MVC pattern to our 3D visualization component. Here is what I have for the Model, View, and Controller: Model - The graph and it's metadata. This includes vertices, edges, and the attributes of each. It does not contain position information, icons, colors, or anything display related. View - This would commonly be called a scene graph. It includes the 3D display information, texture information, color information, and anything else that is related specifically to the visualization of the model. Controller - The controller takes the view and displays it in a Window using OpenGL (but it could potentially be any 3D graphics package). The application has various "layouts" that change the position of the vertices in the display. For instance, one layout may arrange the vertices in a circle. Is it common for these layouts to access and change the view directly? Should they go through the Controller to access the View? If they go through the Controller, should they just ask for direct access to the View or should each change go through the controller? I realize this is a bit different from the standard MVC example where there a finite number of Views. In this case, the View can change in an infinite number of ways. Perhaps I'm shattering some basic principle of MVC here. Thanks in advance!

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• Is there a canonical source supporting "all-surrogates"?

  - by user61852

  Background The "all-PK-must-be-surrogates" approach is not present in Codd's Relational Model or any SQL Standard (ANSI, ISO or other). Canonical books seems to elude this restrictions too. Oracle's own data dictionary scheme uses natural keys in some tables and surrogate keys in other tables. I mention this because these people must know a thing or two about RDBMS design. PPDM (Professional Petroleum Data Management Association) recommend the same canonical books do: Use surrogate keys as primary keys when: There are no natural or business keys Natural or business keys are bad ( change often ) The value of natural or business key is not known at the time of inserting record Multicolumn natural keys ( usually several FK ) exceed three columns, which makes joins too verbose. Also I have not found canonical source that says natural keys need to be immutable. All I find is that they need to be very estable, i.e need to be changed only in very rare ocassions, if ever. I mention PPDM because these people must know a thing or two about RDBMS design too. The origins of the "all-surrogates" approach seems to come from recommendations from some ORM frameworks. It's true that the approach allows for rapid database modeling by not having to do much business analysis, but at the expense of maintainability and readability of the SQL code. Much prevision is made for something that may or may not happen in the future ( the natural PK changed so we will have to use the RDBMS cascade update funtionality ) at the expense of day-to-day task like having to join more tables in every query and having to write code for importing data between databases, an otherwise very strightfoward procedure (due to the need to avoid PK colisions and having to create stage/equivalence tables beforehand ). Other argument is that indexes based on integers are faster, but that has to be supported with benchmarks. Obviously, long, varying varchars are not good for PK. But indexes based on short, fix-length varchar are almost as fast as integers. The questions - Is there any canonical source that supports the "all-PK-must-be-surrogates" approach ? - Has Codd's relational model been superceded by a newer relational model ?

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• Enforcing Constraints Upon Data Documents of Various Formats

  - by Christopher Berman

  This seems like the sort of problem that must have been solved elegantly long ago, but I haven't the foggiest how to google it and find it. Suppose you're maintaining a large legacy system, which has a large collection of data (tens of GB) of various formats, including XML and two different internal configuration formats. Suppose further that there are abstract rules governing the values these files may or may not contain. EXAMPLE: File A defines the raw, mathematical data pertaining to the aerodynamics of a car for consumption of the physics component of the system. File B contains certain values from File A in an easily accessible, XML hierarchy for consumption of a different component of the system. There exists, therefore, an abstract rule (or constraint) such that the values from File B must match the values from File A. This is probably the simplest constraint that can be specified, but in practice, the constraints between files can become very complicated indeed. What is the best method for managing these constraints between files of arbitrary formats, short of migrating it over to an RDBMS (which simply isn't feasible for the foreseeable future)? Has this problem been solved already? To be more specific, I would expect the solution to at least produce notifications of violated constraints; the solution need not resolve the constraints. ============================== Sample file structures File A (JeepWrangler2011.emv): MODEL JeepWrangler2011 { EsotericMathValueX 11.1 EsotericMathValueY 22.2 EsotericMathValueZ 33.3 } File B (JeepWrangler2011.xml): <model name="JeepWrangler2011"> <!--These values must correspond File A's EsotericMathValues--> <modelExtent x="11.1" y="22.2" z="33.3"/> [...] </model>

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• Particle trajectory smoothing: where to do the simulation?

  - by nkint

  I have a particle system in which I have particles that are moving to a target and the new targets are received via network. The list of new target are some noisy coordinates of a moving target stored in the server that I want to smooth in the client. For doing the smoothing and the particle I wrote a simple particle engine with standard euler integration model. So, my pseudo code is something like that: # pseudo code class Particle: def update(): # do euler motion model integration: # if the distance to the target is more than a limit # add a new force to the accelleration # seeking the target, # and add the accelleration to velocity # and velocity to the position positionHistory.push_back(position); if history.length > historySize : history.pop_front() class ParticleEngine: particleById = dict() # an associative array # where the keys are the id # and particle istances are sotred as values # this method is called each time a new tcp packet is received and parsed def setNetTarget(int id, Vec2D new_target): particleById[id].setNewTarget(new_target) # this method is called each new frame def draw(): for p in particleById.values: p.update() beginVertex(LINE_STRIP) for v in p.positionHistory: vertex(v.x, v.y) endVertex() The new target that are arriving are noisy but setting some accelleration/velocity parameters let the particle to have a smoothed trajectories. But if a particle trajectory is a circle after a while the particle position converge to the center (a normal behaviour of euler integration model). So I decided to change the simulation and use some other interpolation (spline?) or smooth method (kalman filter?) between the targets. Something like: switch( INTERPOLATION_MODEL ): case EULER_MOTION: ... case HERMITE_INTERPOLATION: ... case SPLINE_INTERPOLATION: ... case KALMAN_FILTER_SMOOTHING: ... Now my question: where to write the motion simulation / trajectory interpolation? In the Particle? So I will have some Particle subclass like ParticleEuler, ParticleSpline, ParticleKalman, etc..? Or in the particle engine?

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• Authenticate with Django 1.5

  - by gorjuce

  I'm currently testing django 1.5 and a custom User model, but I've some problems. I've created a User class in my account app, which looks like: class User(AbstractBaseUser): email = models.EmailField() activation_key = models.CharField(max_length=255) is_active = models.BooleanField(default=False) is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False) USERNAME_FIELD = 'email' I can correctly register a user, who is stored in my account_user table. Now, how can I log in? I've tried with: def login(request): form = AuthenticationForm() if request.method == 'POST': form = AuthenticationForm(request.POST) email = request.POST['username'] password = request.POST['password'] user = authenticate(username=email, password=password) if user is not None: if user.is_active: login(user) else: message = 'disabled account, check validation email' return render( request, 'account-login-failed.html', {'message': message} ) return render(request, 'account-login.html', {'form': form}) I can correctly register a new User My forms.py which contains my register form class RegisterForm(forms.ModelForm): """ a form to create user""" password = forms.CharField( label="Password", widget=forms.PasswordInput() ) password_confirm = forms.CharField( label="Password Repeat", widget=forms.PasswordInput() ) class Meta: model = User exclude = ('last_login', 'activation_key') def clean_password_confirm(self): password = self.cleaned_data.get("password") password_confirm = self.cleaned_data.get("password_confirm") if password and password_confirm and password != password_confirm: raise forms.ValidationError("Password don't math") return password_confirm def clean_email(self): if User.objects.filter(email__iexact=self.cleaned_data.get("email")): raise forms.ValidationError("email already exists") return self.cleaned_data['email'] def save(self): user = super(RegisterForm, self).save(commit=False) user.password = self.cleaned_data['password'] user.activation_key = generate_sha1(user.email) user.save() return user My question is: Why does authenticate give me None? I know I'm trying to authenticate() with an email as username but is that not one of the reasons to use a custom User model?

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• Designing object oriented programming

  - by Pota Onasys

  Basically, I want to make api calls using an SDK I am writing. I have the following classes: Car CarData (stores input values needed to create a car like model, make, etc) Basically to create a car I do the following: [Car carWithData: cardata onSuccess: successHandler onError: errorHandler] that basically is a factory method that creates instance of Car after making an API call request and populating the new Car class with the response and passes that instance to the successHandler. So "Car" has the above static method to create that car, but also has non-static methods to edit, delete cars (which would make edit, delete API calls to the server) So when the Car create static method passes a new car to the successHandler by doing the following: successHandler([[Car alloc] initWithDictionary: dictionary) The success handler can go ahead and use that new car to do the following: [car update: cardata] [car delete] considering the new car object now has an ID for each car that it can pass to the update and delete API calls. My questions: Do I need a cardata object to store user inputs or can I store them in the car object that would also later store the response from all of the api calls? How can I improve this model? With regards to CarData, note that there might be different inputs for the different API calls. So create function might need to know model, make, etc, but find function might need to know the number of items to find, the limit, the start id, etc.

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• Mahout - Clustering - "naming" the cluster elements

  - by Mark Bramnik

  I'm doing some research and I'm playing with Apache Mahout 0.6 My purpose is to build a system which will name different categories of documents based on user input. The documents are not known in advance and I don't know also which categories do I have while collecting these documents. But I do know, that all the documents in the model should belong to one of the predefined categories. For example: Lets say I've collected a N documents, that belong to 3 different groups : Politics Madonna (pop-star) Science fiction I don't know what document belongs to what category, but I know that each one of my N documents belongs to one of those categories (e.g. there are no documents about, say basketball among these N docs) So, I came up with the following idea: Apply mahout clustering (for example k-mean with k=3 on these documents) This should divide the N documents to 3 groups. This should be kind of my model to learn with. I still don't know which document really belongs to which group, but at least the documents are clustered now by group Ask the user to find any document in the web that should be about 'Madonna' (I can't show to the user none of my N documents, its a restriction). Then I want to measure 'similarity' of this document and each one of 3 groups. I expect to see that the measurement for similarity between user_doc and documents in Madonna group in the model will be higher than the similarity between the user_doc and documents about politics. I've managed to produce the cluster of documents using 'Mahout in Action' book. But I don't understand how should I use Mahout to measure similarity between the 'ready' cluster group of document and one given document. I thought about rerunning the cluster with k=3 for N+1 documents with the same centroids (in terms of k-mean clustering) and see whether where the new document falls, but maybe there is any other way to do that? Is it possible to do with Mahout or my idea is conceptually wrong? (example in terms of Mahout API would be really good) Thanks a lot and sorry for a long question (couldn't describe it better) Any help is highly appreciated P.S. This is not a home-work project :)

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• Massive Affiliate Shopping Platform. Is WordPress really suitable? [closed]

  - by SPI

  I am working on an online shopping platform that acquires it's data from various affiliate programs through XML files. I am talking hundreds and thousands of items per program here that change often if they go out of stock. My clients choice of CMS was WordPress. I am guessing he assumed the user friendly interface would make life easy for him. However, the fact that he hired me to parse the XML files, store data in the back-end and basically make everything work tells me he had very little clue about what he was getting himself into. My impression is that WordPress has a very specific way of handling data as it divides everything into categories/sub-categories in the back-end which is very counter intuitive to a business model where data exists in numbers of over hundreds and thousands of items and is further cross referenced by programs so that any change in the programs XML file can easily be reflected products page. Conclusion I have a very specific database model implemented for handling my clients needs. However, this model conflicts with how wordpress chooses to save data in the back-end natively. I am absolutely convinced WordPress is geared towards anything that might resemble a blog and definitely not THIS. I am thinking about asking my client to shift to a custom CMS. Before making my pitch though, I wanted to run this by the stack community. Thanks for the input in advance.

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• ASP.Net MVC 2 DropDownListFor in EditorTemplate

  - by tschreck

  I have a view model that looks like this: namespace AutoForm.Models { public class ProductViewModel { [UIHint("DropDownList")] public String Category { get; set; } [ScaffoldColumn(false)] public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> CategoryList { get; set; } ... } } It has Category and CategoryList properties. The CategoryList is the source data for the Category dropdown UI element. I have an EditorTemplate that looks like this: <%@ Control Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewUserControl<ProductViewModel>" %> <%@ Import Namespace="AutoForm.Models"%> <%=Html.DropDownListFor(m => m.Category , Model.CategoryList ) %> NOTE: this EditorTemplate is strongly typed to ProductViewModel My Controller is populating CategoryList property with data from a database. I cannot get the DropDownListFor template to render a drop down list with data from CategoryList. I know CategoryList is getting populated with data in the controller because I see the data when I debug and step through the controller. Here's my error message in the browser: Server Error in '/' Application. Object reference not set to an instance of an object. Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object. Source Error: Line 2: <%@ Import Namespace="AutoForm.Models"% Line 3: Line 4: <%=Html.DropDownListFor(m = m.Category, Model.CategoryList) % Source File: c:\ProjectStore\AutoForm\AutoForm\Views\Shared\EditorTemplates\DropDownList.ascx Line: 4 Any ideas? Thanks Tom As a followup, I noticed that ViewData.Model is null when I'm stepping through the code in the EditorTemplate. I have the EditorTemplate strongly typed to "ProductViewModel" which is also the type that's passed to the View in the controller. I'm perplexed as to why ViewData.Model is null even though it's getting populated in the controller before getting passed to the view.

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• SQL SERVER – Shrinking NDF and MDF Files – Readers’ Opinion

  - by pinaldave

  Previously, I had written a blog post about SQL SERVER – Shrinking NDF and MDF Files – A Safe Operation. After that, I have written the following blog post that talks about the advantage and disadvantage of Shrinking and why one should not be Shrinking a file SQL SERVER – SHRINKFILE and TRUNCATE Log File in SQL Server 2008. On this subject, SQL Server Expert Imran Mohammed left an excellent comment. I just feel that his comment is worth a big article itself. For everybody to read his wonderful explanation, I am posting this blog post here. Thanks Imran! Shrinking Database always creates performance degradation and increases fragmentation in the database. I suggest that you keep that in mind before you start reading the following comment. If you are going to say Shrinking Database is bad and evil, here I am saying it first and loud. Now, the comment of Imran is written while keeping in mind only the process showing how the Shrinking Database Operation works. Imran has already explained his understanding and requests further explanation. I have removed the Best Practices section from Imran’s comments, as there are a few corrections. Comments from Imran - Before I explain to you the concept of Shrink Database, let us understand the concept of Database Files. When we create a new database inside the SQL Server, it is typical that SQl Server creates two physical files in the Operating System: one with .MDF Extension, and another with .LDF Extension. .MDF is called as Primary Data File. .LDF is called as Transactional Log file. If you add one or more data files to a database, the physical file that will be created in the Operating System will have an extension of .NDF, which is called as Secondary Data File; whereas, when you add one or more log files to a database, the physical file that will be created in the Operating System will have the same extension as .LDF. The questions now are, “Why does a new data file have a different extension (.NDF)?”, “Why is it called as a secondary data file?” and, “Why is .MDF file called as a primary data file?” Answers: Note: The following explanation is based on my limited knowledge of SQL Server, so experts please do comment. A data file with a .MDF extension is called a Primary Data File, and the reason behind it is that it contains Database Catalogs. Catalogs mean Meta Data. Meta Data is “Data about Data”. An example for Meta Data includes system objects that store information about other objects, except the data stored by the users. sysobjects stores information about all objects in that database. sysindexes stores information about all indexes and rows of every table in that database. syscolumns stores information about all columns that each table has in that database. sysusers stores how many users that database has. Although Meta Data stores information about other objects, it is not the transactional data that a user enters; rather, it’s a system data about the data. Because Primary Data File (.MDF) contains important information about the database, it is treated as a special file. It is given the name Primary Data file because it contains the Database Catalogs. This file is present in the Primary File Group. You can always create additional objects (Tables, indexes etc.) in the Primary data file (This file is present in the Primary File group), by mentioning that you want to create this object under the Primary File Group. Any additional data file that you add to the database will have only transactional data but no Meta Data, so that’s why it is called as the Secondary Data File. It is given the extension name .NDF so that the user can easily identify whether a specific data file is a Primary Data File or a Secondary Data File(s). There are many advantages of storing data in different files that are under different file groups. You can put your read only in the tables in one file (file group) and read-write tables in another file (file group) and take a backup of only the file group that has read the write data, so that you can avoid taking the backup of a read-only data that cannot be altered. Creating additional files in different physical hard disks also improves I/O performance. A real-time scenario where we use Files could be this one: Let’s say you have created a database called MYDB in the D-Drive which has a 50 GB space. You also have 1 Database File (.MDF) and 1 Log File on D-Drive and suppose that all of that 50 GB space has been used up and you do not have any free space left but you still want to add an additional space to the database. One easy option would be to add one more physical hard disk to the server, add new data file to MYDB database and create this new data file in a new hard disk then move some of the objects from one file to another, and put the file group under which you added new file as default File group, so that any new object that is created gets into the new files, unless specified. Now that we got a basic idea of what data files are, what type of data they store and why they are named the way they are, let’s move on to the next topic, Shrinking. First of all, I disagree with the Microsoft terminology for naming this feature as “Shrinking”. Shrinking, in regular terms, means to reduce the size of a file by means of compressing it. BUT in SQL Server, Shrinking DOES NOT mean compressing. Shrinking in SQL Server means to remove an empty space from database files and release the empty space either to the Operating System or to SQL Server. Let’s examine this through an example. Let’s say you have a database “MYDB” with a size of 50 GB that has a free space of about 20 GB, which means 30GB in the database is filled with data and the 20 GB of space is free in the database because it is not currently utilized by the SQL Server (Database); it is reserved and not yet in use. If you choose to shrink the database and to release an empty space to Operating System, and MIND YOU, you can only shrink the database size to 30 GB (in our example). You cannot shrink the database to a size less than what is filled with data. So, if you have a database that is full and has no empty space in the data file and log file (you don’t have an extra disk space to set Auto growth option ON), YOU CANNOT issue the SHRINK Database/File command, because of two reasons: There is no empty space to be released because the Shrink command does not compress the database; it only removes the empty space from the database files and there is no empty space. Remember, the Shrink command is a logged operation. When we perform the Shrink operation, this information is logged in the log file. If there is no empty space in the log file, SQL Server cannot write to the log file and you cannot shrink a database. Now answering your questions: (1) Q: What are the USEDPAGES & ESTIMATEDPAGES that appear on the Results Pane after using the DBCC SHRINKDATABASE (NorthWind, 10) ? A: According to Books Online (For SQL Server 2000): UsedPages: the number of 8-KB pages currently used by the file. EstimatedPages: the number of 8-KB pages that SQL Server estimates the file could be shrunk down to. Important Note: Before asking any question, make sure you go through Books Online or search on the Google once. The reasons for doing so have many advantages: 1. If someone else already has had this question before, chances that it is already answered are more than 50 %. 2. This reduces your waiting time for the answer. (2) Q: What is the difference between Shrinking the Database using DBCC command like the one above & shrinking it from the Enterprise Manager Console by Right-Clicking the database, going to TASKS & then selecting SHRINK Option, on a SQL Server 2000 environment? A: As far as my knowledge goes, there is no difference, both will work the same way, one advantage of using this command from query analyzer is, your console won’t be freezed. You can do perform your regular activities using Enterprise Manager. (3) Q: What is this .NDF file that is discussed above? I have never heard of it. What is it used for? Is it used by end-users, DBAs or the SERVER/SYSTEM itself? A: .NDF File is a secondary data file. You never heard of it because when database is created, SQL Server creates database by default with only 1 data file (.MDF) and 1 log file (.LDF) or however your model database has been setup, because a model database is a template used every time you create a new database using the CREATE DATABASE Command. Unless you have added an extra data file, you will not see it. This file is used by the SQL Server to store data which are saved by the users. Hope this information helps. I would like to as the experts to please comment if what I understand is not what the Microsoft guys meant. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Readers Contribution, Readers Question, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• Upgrading Team Foundation Server 2008 to 2010

  - by Martin Hinshelwood

  I am sure you will have seen my posts on upgrading our internal Team Foundation Server from TFS2008 to TFS2010 Beta 2, RC and RTM, but what about a fresh upgrade of TFS2008 to TFS2010 using the RTM version of TFS. One of our clients is taking the plunge with TFS2010, so I have the job of doing the upgrade. It is sometimes very useful to have a team member that starts work when most of the Sydney workers are heading home as I can do the upgrade without impacting them. The down side is that if you have any blockers then you can be pretty sure that everyone that can deal with your problem is asleep I am starting with an existing blank installation of TFS 2010, but Adam Cogan let slip that he was the one that did the install so I thought it prudent to make sure that it was OK. Verifying Team Foundation Server 2010 We need to check that TFS 2010 has been installed correctly. First, check the Admin console and have a root about for any errors. Figure: Even the SQL Setup looks good. I don’t know how Adam did it! Backing up the Team Foundation Server 2008 Databases As we are moving from one server to another (recommended method) we will be taking a backup of our TFS2008 databases and resorting them to the SQL Server for the new TFS2010 Server. Do not just detach and reattach. This will cause problems with the version of the database. If you are running a test migration you just need to create a backup of the TFS 2008 databases, but if you are doing the live migration then you should stop IIS on the TFS 2008 server before you backup the databases. This will stop any inadvertent check-ins or changes to TFS 2008. Figure: Stop IIS before you take a backup to prevent any TFS 2008 changes being written to the database. It is good to leave a little time between taking the TFS 2008 server offline and commencing the upgrade as there is always one developer who has not finished and starts screaming. This time it was John Liu that needed 10 more minutes to make his changes and check-in, so I always give it 30 minutes and see if anyone screams. John Liu [SSW] said:   are you doing something to TFS :-O MrHinsh [SSW UK][VS ALM MVP] said:   I have stopped TFS 2008 as per my emails John Liu [SSW] said:   haven't finish check in @_@   can we have it for 10mins? :) MrHinsh [SSW UK][VS ALM MVP] said:   TFS 2008 has been started John Liu [SSW] said:   I love you! -IM conversation at TFS Upgrade +25 minutes After John confirmed that he had everything done I turned IIS off again and made a cup of tea. There were no more screams so the upgrade can continue. Figure: Backup all of the databases for TFS and include the Reporting Services, just in case.   Figure: Check that all the backups have been taken Once you have your backups, you need to copy them to your new TFS2010 server and restore them. This is a good way to proceed as if we have any problems, or just plain run out of time, then you just turn the TFS 2008 server back on and all you have lost is one upgrade day, and not 10 developer days. As per the rules, you should record the number of files and the total number of areas and iterations before the upgrade so you have something to compare to: TFS2008 File count: Type Count 1 1845 2 15770 Areas & Iterations: 139 You can use this to verify that the upgrade was successful. it should however be noted that the numbers in TFS 2010 will be bigger. This is due to some of the sorting out that TFS does during the upgrade process. Restore Team Foundation Server 2008 Databases Restoring the databases is much more time consuming than just attaching them as you need to do them one at a time. But you may be taking a backup of an operational database and need to restore all your databases to a particular point in time instead of to the latest. I am doing latest unless I encounter any problems. Figure: Restore each of the databases to either a latest or specific point in time.     Figure: Restore all of the required databases Now that all of your databases are restored you now need to upgrade them to Team Foundation Server 2010. Upgrade Team Foundation Server 2008 Databases This is probably the easiest part of the process. You need to call a fire and forget command that will go off to the database specified, find the TFS 2008 databases and upgrade them to 2010. During this process all of the 6 main TFS 2008 databases are merged into the TfsVersionControl database, upgraded and then the database is renamed to TFS_[CollectionName]. The rename is only the database and not the physical files, so it is worth going back and renaming the physical file as well. This keeps everything neat and tidy. If you plan to keep the old TFS 2008 server around, for example if you are doing a test migration first, then you will need to change the TFS GUID. This GUID is unique to each TFS instance and is preserved when you upgrade. This GUID is used by the clients and they can get a little confused if there are two servers with the same one. To kick of the upgrade you need to open a command prompt and change the path to “C:\Program Files\Microsoft Team Foundation Server 2010\Tools” and run the “import” command in  “tfsconfig”. TfsConfig import /sqlinstance:<Previous TFS Data Tier>                  /collectionName:<Collection Name>                  /confirmed Imports a TFS 2005 or 2008 data tier as a new project collection. Important: This command should only be executed after adequate backups have been performed. After you import, you will need to configure portal and reporting settings via the administration console. EXAMPLES -------- TfsConfig import /sqlinstance:tfs2008sql /collectionName:imported /confirmed TfsConfig import /sqlinstance:tfs2008sql\Instance /collectionName:imported /confirmed OPTIONS: -------- sqlinstance         The sql instance of the TFS 2005 or 2008 data tier. The TFS databases at that location will be modified directly and will no longer be usable as previous version databases.  Ensure you have back-ups. collectionName      The name of the new Team Project Collection. confirmed           Confirm that you have backed-up databases before importing. This command will automatically look for the TfsIntegration database and verify that all the other required databases exist. In this case it took around 5 minutes to complete the upgrade as the total database size was under 700MB. This was unlike the upgrade of SSW’s production database with over 17GB of data which took a few hours. At the end of the process you should get no errors and no warnings. The Upgrade operation on the ApplicationTier feature has completed. There were 0 errors and 0 warnings. As this is a new server and not a pure upgrade there should not be a problem with the GUID. If you think at any point you will be doing this more than once, for example doing a test migration, or merging many TFS 2008 instances into a single one, then you should go back and rename the physical TfsVersionControl.mdf file to the same as the new collection. This will avoid confusion later down the line. To do this, detach the new collection from the server and rename the physical files. Then reattach and change the physical file locations to match the new name. You can follow http://www.mssqltips.com/tip.asp?tip=1122 for a more detailed explanation of how to do this. Figure: Stop the collection so TFS does not take a wobbly when we detach the database. When you try to start the new collection again you will get a conflict with project names and will require to remove the Test Upgrade collection. This is fine and it just needs detached. Figure: Detaching the test upgrade from the new Team Foundation Server 2010 so we can start the new Collection again. You will now be able to start the new upgraded collection and you are ready for testing. Do you remember the stats we took off the TFS 2008 server? TFS2008 File count: Type Count 1 1845 2 15770 Areas & Iterations: 139 Well, now we need to compare them to the TFS 2010 stats, remembering that there will probably be more files under source control. TFS2010 File count: Type Count 1 19288 Areas & Iterations: 139 Lovely, the number of iterations are the same, and the number of files is bigger. Just what we were looking for. Testing the upgraded Team Foundation Server 2010 Project Collection Can we connect to the new collection and project? Figure: We can connect to the new collection and project.   Figure: make sure you can connect to The upgraded projects and that you can see all of the files. Figure: Team Web Access is there and working. Note that for Team Web Access you now use the same port and URL as for TFS 2010. So in this case as I am running on the local box you need to use http://localhost:8080/tfs which will redirect you to http://localhost:8080/tfs/web for the web access. If you need to connect with a Visual Studio 2008 client you will need to use the full path of the new collection, http://[servername]/tfs/[collectionname] and this will work with all of your collections. With Visual Studio 2005 you will only be able to connect to the Default collection and in both VS2008 and VS2005 you will need to install the forward compatibility updates. Visual Studio Team System 2005 Service Pack 1 Forward Compatibility Update for Team Foundation Server 2010 Visual Studio Team System 2008 Service Pack 1 Forward Compatibility Update for Team Foundation Server 2010 To make sure that you have everything up to date, make sure that you run SSW Diagnostics and get all green ticks. Upgrade Done! At this point you can send out a notice to everyone that the upgrade is complete and and give them the connection details. You need to remember that at this stage we have 2008 project upgraded to run under TFS 2010 but it is still running under that same process template that it was running before. You can only “enable” 2010 features in a process template you can’t upgrade. So what to do? Well, you need to create a new project and migrate things you want to keep across. Souse code is easy, you can move or Branch, but Work Items are more difficult as you can’t move them between projects. This instance is complicated more as the old project uses the Conchango/EMC Scrum for Team System template and I will need to write a script/application to get the work items across with their attachments in tact. That is my next task! Technorati Tags: TFS 2010,TFS 2008,VS ALM

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• Windows Azure Learning Plan - Security

  - by BuckWoody

  This is one in a series of posts on a Windows Azure Learning Plan. You can find the main post here. This one deals with Security for  Windows Azure.   General Security Information Overview and general  information about Windows Azure Security - what it is, how it works, and where you can learn more. General Security Whitepaper – answers most questions http://blogs.msdn.com/b/usisvde/archive/2010/08/10/security-white-paper-on-windows-azure-answers-many-faq.aspx Windows Azure Security Notes from the Patterns and Practices site http://blogs.msdn.com/b/jmeier/archive/2010/08/03/now-available-azure-security-notes-pdf.aspx Overview of Azure Security http://www.windowsecurity.com/articles/Microsoft-Azure-Security-Cloud.html Azure Security Resources http://reddevnews.com/articles/2010/08/19/microsoft-releases-windows-azure-security-resources.aspx Cloud Computing Security Considerations http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/en/details.aspx?FamilyID=68fedf9c-1c27-4642-aa5b-0a34472303ea&utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+MicrosoftDownloadCenter+%28Microsoft+Download+Center Security in Cloud Computing – a Microsoft Perspective http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/en/details.aspx?FamilyID=7c8507e8-50ca-4693-aa5a-34b7c24f4579&utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+MicrosoftDownloadCenter+%28Microsoft+Download+Center Physical Security for Microsoft’s Online Computing Information on the Infrastructure and Locations for Azure Physical Security. The Global Foundation Services Group at Microsoft handles physical security http://www.globalfoundationservices.com/security/index.html Microsoft’s Security Response Center http://www.microsoft.com/security/msrc/ Software Security for Microsoft’s Online Computing Steps we take as a company to develop secure software Windows Azure is developed using the Trustworthy Computing Initiative http://www.microsoft.com/about/twc/en/us/default.aspx and  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms995349.aspx Identity and Access in the Cloud http://blogs.msdn.com/b/technology_titbits_by_rajesh_makhija/archive/2010/10/29/identity-and-access-in-the-cloud.aspx Security Steps you should take While Microsoft takes great pains to secure the infrastructure, platform and code for Windows Azure, you have a responsibility to write secure code. These pointers can help you do that. Securing your cloud architecture, step-by-step http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/gg296364.aspx Security Guidelines for Windows Azure http://redmondmag.com/articles/2010/06/15/microsoft-issues-security-guidelines-for-windows-azure.aspx  Best Practices for Windows Azure Security http://blogs.msdn.com/b/vbertocci/archive/2010/06/14/security-best-practices-for-developing-windows-azure-applications.aspx Active Directory and Windows Azure http://blogs.msdn.com/b/plankytronixx/archive/2010/10/22/projecting-your-active-directory-identity-to-the-azure-cloud.aspx Understanding Encryption (great overview and tutorial) http://blogs.msdn.com/b/plankytronixx/archive/2010/10/23/crypto-primer-understanding-encryption-public-private-key-signatures-and-certificates.aspx Securing your Connection Strings (SQL Azure) http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlazure/archive/2010/09/07/10058942.aspx Getting started with Windows Identity Foundation (WIF) quickly http://blogs.msdn.com/b/alikl/archive/2010/10/26/windows-identity-foundation-wif-fast-track.aspx

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• Installation doesn't detect existing partitions

  - by retrac1324

  I am trying to install Ubuntu 11.10 in a dual boot with my existing Windows 7 but the installer does not detect any existing partitions. I have tried resetting my BCD using EasyBCD and doing fixmbr from the Windows startup disc. A while ago I had to use TestDisk to recover my partition table so this might be the cause but I have installed Ubuntu and Windows many times before with no problems. fdisk -l output: Disk /dev/sda: 640.1 GB, 640135028736 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 77825 cylinders, total 1250263728 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x360555e5 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 1250274689 625136321 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT Disk /dev/sdf: 7803 MB, 7803174912 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 948 cylinders, total 15240576 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x6f795a8d Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdf1 * 63 15240575 7620256+ c W95 FAT32 (LBA)

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• HP Compaq 2510p wireless disabled by hardware switch

  - by mylovelyhorse

  I have an HP Compaq 2510p laptop running ubuntu 12.04 LTS. ubuntu reports that wireless is disabled by means of a hardware switch. There is a 'soft-key' button on the laptop to control the physical wireless hardware but this does not respond. There is no other button, slider, (fn)+ combination to control the physical wireless hardware. There is no BIOS function to disable wireless (and on XP - previous OS - wireless functioned fine). mike@ubuntu:~$ rfkill list all 0: brcmwl-0: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: yes 1: hp-wifi: Wireless LAN Soft blocked: no Hard blocked: no Running rfkill unblock all doesn't change things and I can see no way to change use from 0: to 1: (if that's even possible - or desirable - in the first place). I have checked for additional drivers and the Broadcom proprietary wireless driver is already installed and has a green light. Essentially, I believe I need to make the HP 'soft-keys' work - or at least the wireless card toggle. Advice gratefully received. Cheers M

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• Diving into OpenStack Network Architecture - Part 1

  - by Ronen Kofman

  v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} rkofman Normal rkofman 83 3045 2014-05-23T21:11:00Z 2014-05-27T06:58:00Z 3 1883 10739 Oracle Corporation 89 25 12597 12.00 140 Clean Clean false false false false EN-US X-NONE HE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-bidi-language:AR-SA;} Before we begin OpenStack networking has very powerful capabilities but at the same time it is quite complicated. In this blog series we will review an existing OpenStack setup using the Oracle OpenStack Tech Preview and explain the different network components through use cases and examples. The goal is to show how the different pieces come together and provide a bigger picture view of the network architecture in OpenStack. This can be very helpful to users making their first steps in OpenStack or anyone wishes to understand how networking works in this environment.  We will go through the basics first and build the examples as we go. According to the recent Icehouse user survey and the one before it, Neutron with Open vSwitch plug-in is the most widely used network setup both in production and in POCs (in terms of number of customers) and so in this blog series we will analyze this specific OpenStack networking setup. As we know there are many options to setup OpenStack networking and while Neturon + Open vSwitch is the most popular setup there is no claim that it is either best or the most efficient option. Neutron + Open vSwitch is an example, one which provides a good starting point for anyone interested in understanding OpenStack networking. Even if you are using different kind of network setup such as different Neutron plug-in or even not using Neutron at all this will still be a good starting point to understand the network architecture in OpenStack. The setup we are using for the examples is the one used in the Oracle OpenStack Tech Preview. Installing it is simple and it would be helpful to have it as reference. In this setup we use eth2 on all servers for VM network, all VM traffic will be flowing through this interface.The Oracle OpenStack Tech Preview is using VLANs for L2 isolation to provide tenant and network isolation. The following diagram shows how we have configured our deployment: This first post is a bit long and will focus on some basic concepts in OpenStack networking. The components we will be discussing are Open vSwitch, network namespaces, Linux bridge and veth pairs. Note that this is not meant to be a comprehensive review of these components, it is meant to describe the component as much as needed to understand OpenStack network architecture. All the components described here can be further explored using other resources. Open vSwitch (OVS) In the Oracle OpenStack Tech Preview OVS is used to connect virtual machines to the physical port (in our case eth2) as shown in the deployment diagram. OVS contains bridges and ports, the OVS bridges are different from the Linux bridge (controlled by the brctl command) which are also used in this setup. To get started let’s view the OVS structure, use the following command: # ovs-vsctl show 7ec51567-ab42-49e8-906d-b854309c9edf     Bridge br-int         Port br-int             Interface br-int type: internal         Port "int-br-eth2"             Interface "int-br-eth2"     Bridge "br-eth2"         Port "br-eth2"             Interface "br-eth2" type: internal         Port "eth2"             Interface "eth2"         Port "phy-br-eth2"             Interface "phy-br-eth2" ovs_version: "1.11.0" We see a standard post deployment OVS on a compute node with two bridges and several ports hanging off of each of them. The example above is a compute node without any VMs, we can see that the physical port eth2 is connected to a bridge called “br-eth2”. We also see two ports "int-br-eth2" and "phy-br-eth2" which are actually a veth pair and form virtual wire between the two bridges, veth pairs are discussed later in this post. When a virtual machine is created a port is created on one the br-int bridge and this port is eventually connected to the virtual machine (we will discuss the exact connectivity later in the series). Here is how OVS looks after a VM was launched: # ovs-vsctl show efd98c87-dc62-422d-8f73-a68c2a14e73d     Bridge br-int         Port "int-br-eth2"             Interface "int-br-eth2"         Port br-int             Interface br-int type: internal         Port "qvocb64ea96-9f" tag: 1             Interface "qvocb64ea96-9f"     Bridge "br-eth2"         Port "phy-br-eth2"             Interface "phy-br-eth2"         Port "br-eth2"             Interface "br-eth2" type: internal         Port "eth2"             Interface "eth2" ovs_version: "1.11.0" Bridge "br-int" now has a new port "qvocb64ea96-9f" which connects to the VM and tagged with VLAN 1. Every VM which will be launched will add a port on the “br-int” bridge for every network interface the VM has. Another useful command on OVS is dump-flows for example: # ovs-ofctl dump-flows br-int NXST_FLOW reply (xid=0x4): cookie=0x0, duration=735.544s, table=0, n_packets=70, n_bytes=9976, idle_age=17, priority=3,in_port=1,dl_vlan=1000 actions=mod_vlan_vid:1,NORMAL cookie=0x0, duration=76679.786s, table=0, n_packets=0, n_bytes=0, idle_age=65534, hard_age=65534, priority=2,in_port=1 actions=drop cookie=0x0, duration=76681.36s, table=0, n_packets=68, n_bytes=7950, idle_age=17, hard_age=65534, priority=1 actions=NORMAL As we see the port which is connected to the VM has the VLAN tag 1. However the port on the VM network (eth2) will be using tag 1000. OVS is modifying the vlan as the packet flow from the VM to the physical interface. In OpenStack the Open vSwitch agent takes care of programming the flows in Open vSwitch so the users do not have to deal with this at all. If you wish to learn more about how to program the Open vSwitch you can read more about it at http://openvswitch.org looking at the documentation describing the ovs-ofctl command. Network Namespaces (netns) Network namespaces is a very cool Linux feature can be used for many purposes and is heavily used in OpenStack networking. Network namespaces are isolated containers which can hold a network configuration and is not seen from outside of the namespace. A network namespace can be used to encapsulate specific network functionality or provide a network service in isolation as well as simply help to organize a complicated network setup. Using the Oracle OpenStack Tech Preview we are using the latest Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel R3 (UEK3), this kernel provides a complete support for netns. Let's see how namespaces work through couple of examples to control network namespaces we use the ip netns command: Defining a new namespace: # ip netns add my-ns # ip netns list my-ns As mentioned the namespace is an isolated container, we can perform all the normal actions in the namespace context using the exec command for example running the ifconfig command: # ip netns exec my-ns ifconfig -a lo        Link encap:Local Loopback           LOOPBACK  MTU:16436 Metric:1           RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0           RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) We can run every command in the namespace context, this is especially useful for debug using tcpdump command, we can ping or ssh or define iptables all within the namespace. Connecting the namespace to the outside world: There are various ways to connect into a namespaces and between namespaces we will focus on how this is done in OpenStack. OpenStack uses a combination of Open vSwitch and network namespaces. OVS defines the interfaces and then we can add those interfaces to namespace. So first let's add a bridge to OVS: # ovs-vsctl add-br my-bridge Now let's add a port on the OVS and make it internal: # ovs-vsctl add-port my-bridge my-port # ovs-vsctl set Interface my-port type=internal And let's connect it into the namespace: # ip link set my-port netns my-ns Looking inside the namespace: # ip netns exec my-ns ifconfig -a lo        Link encap:Local Loopback           LOOPBACK  MTU:65536 Metric:1           RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0           RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) my-port   Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 22:04:45:E2:85:21           BROADCAST  MTU:1500 Metric:1           RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0           RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) Now we can add more ports to the OVS bridge and connect it to other namespaces or other device like physical interfaces. Neutron is using network namespaces to implement network services such as DCHP, routing, gateway, firewall, load balance and more. In the next post we will go into this in further details. Linux Bridge and veth pairs Linux bridge is used to connect the port from OVS to the VM. Every port goes from the OVS bridge to a Linux bridge and from there to the VM. The reason for using regular Linux bridges is for security groups’ enforcement. Security groups are implemented using iptables and iptables can only be applied to Linux bridges and not to OVS bridges. Veth pairs are used extensively throughout the network setup in OpenStack and are also a good tool to debug a network problem. Veth pairs are simply a virtual wire and so veths always come in pairs. Typically one side of the veth pair will connect to a bridge and the other side to another bridge or simply left as a usable interface. In this example we will create some veth pairs, connect them to bridges and test connectivity. This example is using regular Linux server and not an OpenStack node: Creating a veth pair, note that we define names for both ends: # ip link add veth0 type veth peer name veth1 # ifconfig -a . . veth0     Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 5E:2C:E6:03:D0:17           BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500 Metric:1           RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000           RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) veth1     Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr E6:B6:E2:6D:42:B8           BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500 Metric:1           RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0           TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000           RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) . . To make the example more meaningful this we will create the following setup: veth0 => veth1 => br-eth3 => eth3 ======> eth2 on another Linux server br-eth3 – a regular Linux bridge which will be connected to veth1 and eth3 eth3 – a physical interface with no IP on it, connected to a private network eth2 – a physical interface on the remote Linux box connected to the private network and configured with the IP of 50.50.50.1 Once we create the setup we will ping 50.50.50.1 (the remote IP) through veth0 to test that the connection is up: # brctl addbr br-eth3 # brctl addif br-eth3 eth3 # brctl addif br-eth3 veth1 # brctl show bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces br-eth3         8000.00505682e7f6       no              eth3                                                         veth1 # ifconfig veth0 50.50.50.50 # ping -I veth0 50.50.50.51 PING 50.50.50.51 (50.50.50.51) from 50.50.50.50 veth0: 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 50.50.50.51: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.454 ms 64 bytes from 50.50.50.51: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.298 ms When the naming is not as obvious as the previous example and we don't know who are the paired veth interfaces we can use the ethtool command to figure this out. The ethtool command returns an index we can look up using ip link command, for example: # ethtool -S veth1 NIC statistics: peer_ifindex: 12 # ip link . . 12: veth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 Summary That’s all for now, we quickly reviewed OVS, network namespaces, Linux bridges and veth pairs. These components are heavily used in the OpenStack network architecture we are exploring and understanding them well will be very useful when reviewing the different use cases. In the next post we will look at how the OpenStack network is laid out connecting the virtual machines to each other and to the external world. @RonenKofman

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• Django: What's an awesome plugin to maintain images in the admin?

  - by meder

  I have an articles entry model and I have an excerpt and description field. If a user wants to post an image then I have a separate ImageField which has the default standard file browser. I've tried using django-filebrowser but I don't like the fact that it requires django-grappelli nor do I necessarily want a flash upload utility - can anyone recommend a tool where I can manage image uploads, and basically replace the file browse provided by django with an imagepicking browser? In the future I'd probably want it to handle image resizing and specify default image sizes for certain article types. Edit: I'm trying out adminfiles now but I'm having issues installing it. I grabbed it and added it to my python path, added it to INSTALLED_APPS, created the databases for it, uploaded an image. I followed the instructions to modify my Model to specify adminfiles_fields and registered but it's not applying in my admin, here's my admin.py for articles: from django.contrib import admin from django import forms from articles.models import Category, Entry from tinymce.widgets import TinyMCE from adminfiles.admin import FilePickerAdmin class EntryForm( forms.ModelForm ): class Media: js = ['/media/tinymce/tiny_mce.js', '/media/tinymce/load.js']#, '/media/admin/filebrowser/js/TinyMCEAdmin.js'] class Meta: model = Entry class CategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): prepopulated_fields = { 'slug': ['title'] } class EntryAdmin( FilePickerAdmin ): adminfiles_fields = ('excerpt',) prepopulated_fields = { 'slug': ['title'] } form = EntryForm admin.site.register( Category, CategoryAdmin ) admin.site.register( Entry, EntryAdmin ) Here's my Entry model: class Entry( models.Model ): LIVE_STATUS = 1 DRAFT_STATUS = 2 HIDDEN_STATUS = 3 STATUS_CHOICES = ( ( LIVE_STATUS, 'Live' ), ( DRAFT_STATUS, 'Draft' ), ( HIDDEN_STATUS, 'Hidden' ), ) status = models.IntegerField( choices=STATUS_CHOICES, default=LIVE_STATUS ) tags = TagField() categories = models.ManyToManyField( Category ) title = models.CharField( max_length=250 ) excerpt = models.TextField( blank=True ) excerpt_html = models.TextField(editable=False, blank=True) body_html = models.TextField( editable=False, blank=True ) article_image = models.ImageField(blank=True, upload_to='upload') body = models.TextField() enable_comments = models.BooleanField(default=True) pub_date = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.datetime.now) slug = models.SlugField(unique_for_date='pub_date') author = models.ForeignKey(User) featured = models.BooleanField(default=False) def save( self, force_insert=False, force_update= False): self.body_html = markdown(self.body) if self.excerpt: self.excerpt_html = markdown( self.excerpt ) super( Entry, self ).save( force_insert, force_update ) class Meta: ordering = ['-pub_date'] verbose_name_plural = "Entries" def __unicode__(self): return self.title Edit #2: To clarify I did move the media files to my media path and they are indeed rendering the image area, I can upload fine, the <<<image>>> tag is inserted into my editable MarkItUp w/ Markdown area but it isn't rendering in the MarkItUp preview - perhaps I just need to apply the |upload_tags into that preview. I'll try adding it to my template which posts the article as well.

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• Building a template to auto-scaffold Index views in ASP.NET MVC

  - by DanM

  I'm trying to write an auto-scaffolder for Index views. I'd like to be able to pass in a collection of models or view-models (e.g., IQueryable<MyViewModel>) and get back an HTML table that uses the DisplayName attribute for the headings (th elements) and Html.Display(propertyName) for the cells (td elements). Each row should correspond to one item in the collection. Here's what I have so far: <%@ Control Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewUserControl" %> <% var items = (IQueryable<TestProj.ViewModels.TestViewModel>)Model; // Should be generic! var properties = items.First().GetMetadata().Properties .Where(pm => pm.ShowForDisplay && !ViewData.TemplateInfo.Visited(pm)); %> <table> <tr> <% foreach(var property in properties) { %> <th> <%= property.DisplayName %> </th> <% } %> </tr> <% foreach(var item in items) { %> <tr> <% foreach(var property in properties) { %> <td> <%= Html.Display(property.DisplayName) %> // This doesn't work! </td> <% } %> </tr> <% } %> </table> Two problems with this: I'd like it to be generic. So, I'd like to replace var items = (IQueryable<TestProj.ViewModels.TestViewModel>)Model; with var items = (IQueryable<T>)Model; or something to that effect. The <td> elements are not working because the Html in <%= Html.Display(property.DisplayName) %> contains the model for the view, which is a collection of items, not the item itself. Somehow, I need to obtain an HtmlHelper object whose Model property is the current item, but I'm not sure how to do that. How do I solve these two problems?

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• links for 2010-03-30

  - by Bob Rhubart

  Antony Reynolds: How is Oracle SOA Suite 11g better than a lawn tractor? SOA author Antony Reynolds describes the correct order for cold-starting an Oracle SOA Suite 11g installation. (tags: otn oracle soasuite soa) Steven Chan: Business Continuity for EBS Using Oracle 11g Physical Standby DB Steven Chan reports shares links to two new documents covering the use of Oracle Data Guard to create physical standby databases for Oracle E-Business Suite environments. (tags: oracle otn ebusinesssuite database) @soatoday: Enterprise Architecture IS Arbitrary "Maybe my opinion is biased because I come from a Software background," says Oracle ACE Director Jordan Braunstein, "but I often think Enterprise Architecture is an Art that is trying to apply a Science." (tags: oracle otn oracleace entarch enterprisearchitecture)

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• How to setup an hibernate project using annotations compliant with JPA2.0

  - by phmr

  I would like to setup an hibernate project, for this I use the lastest hibernate 3.5-Final. BTW my IDE is Netbeans. The problem is that each time a run the application, it seems to start from a fresh database whatever db backend I use (I tried hsqldb & sqlite): here is my persistence.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <persistence version="1.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"> <persistence-unit name="PMMPU" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"> <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider> <class>model.Extrait</class> <class>model.Mot</class> <class>model.Prefixe</class> <class>model.Suffixe</class> <class>model.Texte</class> <properties> <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="dialect.SQLiteDialect"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value=""/> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="org.sqlite.JDBC"/> <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value=""/> <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:sqlite:test.db"/> <property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class" value="org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider"/> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence> I tried to change hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto value. I got a HibernateUtil class which takes care of creating the emf & em: public class HibernateUtil { private static EntityManagerFactory emf = null; private static EntityManager em = null; public static EntityManagerFactory getEmf() { if(emf == null) emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("PMMPU"); return emf; } public static EntityManager getEm() { if(em == null) em = getEmf().createEntityManager(); return em; } What did a I do wrong ? edit1: further research with mysql lead me to think that the problem is related to sqlite & hsqldb interaction with hibernate 3.5

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• Error when compiling code with the Protege API

  - by Anto

  I am new to Protege API and I have just created on Eclipse a small application which uses an external OWL file. Also I did import all the necessary libraries. import java.util.Collection; import java.util.Iterator; import edu.stanford.smi.protege.exception.OntologyLoadException; import edu.stanford.smi.protegex.owl.ProtegeOWL; import edu.stanford.smi.protegex.owl.model.*; public class Trial { public static void main(String[] args) throws OntologyLoadException{ String uri = "C:/Documents and Settings/Anto/Desktop/travel.owl"; OWLModel owlModel = ProtegeOWL.createJenaOWLModelFromURI(uri); Collection classes = owlModel.getUserDefinedOWLNamedClasses(); for(Iterator it = classes.iterator(); it.hasNext();){ OWLNamedClass cls = (OWLNamedClass) it.next(); Collection instances = cls.getInstances(false); System.out.println("Class " + cls.getBrowserText()+ " (" + instances.size()+")"); for(Iterator jt = instances.iterator(); jt.hasNext();){ OWLIndividual individual = (OWLIndividual) jt.next(); System.out.println(" - "+ individual.getBrowserText()); } } } } When I do compile however I get the following errors: WARNING: [Local Folder Repository] The specified file must be a directory. (C:\Documents and Settings\Anto\My Documents\Eclipse Workspace\ProtegeTrial\plugins\edu.stanford.smi.protegex.owl) LocalFolderRepository.update() SEVERE: Exception caught -- java.net.URISyntaxException: Illegal character in path at index 12: C:/Documents and Settings/CiuffreA/Desktop/travel.owl at java.net.URI$Parser.fail(URI.java:2809) at java.net.URI$Parser.checkChars(URI.java:2982) at java.net.URI$Parser.parseHierarchical(URI.java:3066) at java.net.URI$Parser.parse(URI.java:3014) at java.net.URI.<init>(URI.java:578) at edu.stanford.smi.protegex.owl.jena.JenaKnowledgeBaseFactory.getFileURI(Unknown Source) at edu.stanford.smi.protegex.owl.jena.JenaKnowledgeBaseFactory.loadKnowledgeBase(Unknown Source) at edu.stanford.smi.protege.model.Project.loadDomainKB(Unknown Source) at edu.stanford.smi.protege.model.Project.createDomainKnowledgeBase(Unknown Source) at edu.stanford.smi.protegex.owl.jena.creator.OwlProjectFromUriCreator.create(Unknown Source) at edu.stanford.smi.protegex.owl.ProtegeOWL.createJenaOWLModelFromURI(Unknown Source) at Trial.main(Trial.java:14) Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at edu.stanford.smi.protegex.owl.jena.JenaKnowledgeBaseFactory.loadKnowledgeBase(Unknown Source) at edu.stanford.smi.protege.model.Project.loadDomainKB(Unknown Source) at edu.stanford.smi.protege.model.Project.createDomainKnowledgeBase(Unknown Source) at edu.stanford.smi.protegex.owl.jena.creator.OwlProjectFromUriCreator.create(Unknown Source) at edu.stanford.smi.protegex.owl.ProtegeOWL.createJenaOWLModelFromURI(Unknown Source) at Trial.main(Trial.java:14) Does anyone have an idea on where the problem should be?

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