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  • Most useful Python modules from the standard library?

    - by EOL
    I am teaching a graduate level Python class at the University of Paris, and the students need to be introduced to the standard library. I want to discuss with them about some of the most important standard modules. What modules do you think are absolute musts? Even though responses probably vary depending on your field (web programming, science, etc.), I feel that some modules are commonly needed: math, sys, re, os, os.path, logging,… and maybe: collections, struct,… What modules would you suggest I present, in a 1 or 2 hour slot?

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  • Using Tortoise SVN with C++ in Visual Studio 2008

    - by Dr. Monkey
    I have an online repository with some .h and .cpp files that make up part of a project. I'm trying to check these out and use them in a new project, but am getting errors (C4627 and C1010). All the files have been added to the project (with AddExisting Item...), and the subdirectories that contain these files have been added to the "Additional include directories" of the project. Would I be better off having the entire project tree in the repository? My reason for not doing so is that my colleague and I are working on different parts of the code and so want to use different main methods to test things as we go, and I didn't see any need to be passing around any compiled code etc. since I assumed that given the .h and .cpp files (with the correct settings), visual studio would be able to compile the project. What's the best way to make Visual Studio 2008 and TortoiseSVN work well together (without spending any money)?

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  • Auto enter pass phrase in case of Python ssl Client/Server

    - by rauch
    I need to create Client/Server application to send files from clients to Server. I use simple ssl sockets for that and authenticate with certificates. ms = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) ssl_sock = ssl.wrap_socket(ms, keyfile=".../newCA/my_client.key", certfile=".../newCA/my_client.crt", server_side=0, cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED, ca_certs=".../newCA/CA/my-ca.crt" ) ssl_sock.connect((HOST, MPORT)) And Server side: msock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) self.ssl_sock = ssl.wrap_socket(msock, keyfile=".../newCA/my_server.key", certfile=".../newCA/my_server.crt", server_side=1, cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED, ca_certs=".../newCA/CA/my-ca.crt" ) self.ssl_sock.bind(('', self.PORT)) self.ssl_sock.listen(self.QUEUE_MAX) The problem is the following: when client tries to connect to Server, it requires Enter the pass phrase for private key for Both: for Server-side and Client-side. In Java we need to set System Property: javax.net.ssl.keyStorePassword="" and it has to be used automatically, But how is it been used in Python? I can't enter pass phrase all time the client connects.

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  • Check if Rhythmbox is running via Python

    - by cschol
    I am trying to extract information from Rhythmbox via dbus, but I only want to do so, if Rhythmbox is running. Is there a way to check if Rhythmbox is running via Python without starting it if it is not running? Whenever I invoke the dbus code like this: bus = dbus.Bus() obj = bus.get_object("org.gnome.Rhythmbox", "/org/gnome/Rhythmbox/Shell") iface = dbus.Interface(obj, "org.gnome.Rhythmbox.Shell) and Rhythmbox is not running, it then starts it. Can I check via dbus if Rhythmbox is running without actually starting it? Or is there any other way, other than parsing the list of currently running processes, to do so?

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  • Most efficient way for a lookup/search in a huge list (python)

    - by user229269
    Hey guys, -- I just parsed a big file and I created a list containing 42.000 strings/words. I want to query [against this list] to check if a given word/string belongs to it. So my question is: What is the most efficient way for such a lookup? A first approach is to sort the list [list.sort()] and then just use the if word in list: print 'word' -- which is really trivial and I am sure there is a better way to do it. My goal is to apply a fast lookup that finds whether a given string is in this list or not. If you have any ideas of another data structure, they are welcome. Yet, I want to avoid for now more sophisticated data-structures like Tries etc. I am interested in hearing ideas (or tricks) about fast lookups or any other python library methods that might do the search faster than the simple 'in'. Thanks in advance!

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  • How to change font size using the Python ImageDraw Library

    - by Eldila
    I am trying to change the font size using python's ImageDraw library. You can do something like this: fontPath = "/usr/share/fonts/dejavu-lgc/DejaVuLGCSansCondensed-Bold.ttf" sans16 = ImageFont.truetype ( fontPath, 16 ) im = Image.new ( "RGB", (200,50), "#ddd" ) draw = ImageDraw.Draw ( im ) draw.text ( (10,10), "Run awayyyy!", font=sans16, fill="red" ) The problem is that I don't want to specify a font. I want to use the default font and just change the size of the font. This seems to me that it should be simple, but I can't find documentation on how to do this.

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  • Mocking imported modules in Python

    - by Evgenyt
    I'm trying to implement unit tests for function that uses imported external objects. For example helpers.py is: import os import pylons def some_func(arg): ... var1 = os.path.exist(...) var2 = os.path.getmtime(...) var3 = pylons.request.environ['HTTP_HOST'] ... So when I'm creating unit test for it I do some mocking (minimock in my case) and replacing references to pylons.request and os.path: import helpers def test_some_func(): helpers.pylons.request = minimock.Mock("pylons.request") helpers.pylons.request.environ = { 'HTTP_HOST': "localhost" } helpers.os.path = minimock.Mock(....) ... some_func(...) # assert ... This does not look good for me. Is there any other better way or strategy to substitute imported function/objects in Python?

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  • python: strange behavior about exec statement

    - by ifocus
    exec statement: exec code [ in globals[, locals]] When I execute the following code in python, the result really confused me. Some of the variables were setup into the globals, some were setup into the locals. s = """ # test var define int_v1 = 1 list_v1 = [1, 2, 3] dict_v1 = {1: 'hello', 2:'world', 3:'!'} # test built-in function list_v2 = [float(x) for x in list_v1] len_list_v1 = len(list_v1) # test function define def func(): global g_var, list_v1, dict_v1 print 'access var in globals:' print g_var print 'access var in locals:' for x in list_v1: print dict_v1[x] """ g = {'__builtins__': __builtins__, 'g_var': 'global'} l = {} exec s in g, l print 'globals:', g print 'locals:', l exec 'func()' in g, l the result in python2.6.5: globals: {'__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>, 'dict_v1': {1: 'hello', 2: 'world', 3: '!'}, 'g_var': 'global', 'list_v1': [1, 2, 3]} locals: {'int_v1': 1, 'func': <function func at 0x00ACA270>, 'x': 3, 'len_list_v1': 3, 'list_v2': [1.0, 2.0, 3.0]} access var in globals: global access var in locals: hello world ! And if I want to setup all variables and functions into the locals, and keep the rights of accessing the globals. How to do ?

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  • Creating a unique key based on file content in python

    - by Cawas
    I got many, many files to be uploaded to the server, and I just want a way to avoid duplicates. Thus, generating a unique and small key value from a big string seemed something that a checksum was intended to do, and hashing seemed like the evolution of that. So I was going to use hash md5 to do this. But then I read somewhere that "MD5 are not meant to be unique keys" and I thought that's really weird. What's the right way of doing this? edit: by the way, I took two sources to get to the following, which is how I'm currently doing it and it's working just fine, with Python 2.5: import hashlib def md5_from_file (fileName, block_size=2**14): md5 = hashlib.md5() f = open(fileName) while True: data = f.read(block_size) if not data: break md5.update(data) f.close() return md5.hexdigest()

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  • Visual Studio 2008 profiler analysis - missing time

    - by Scott Vercuski
    I ran the Visual Studio 2008 profiler against my ASP.NET application and came up with the following result set. CURRENT FUNCTION TIME (msec) ---------------------------------------------------|-------------- Data.GetItem(params) | 10,158.12 ---------------------------------------------------|-------------- Functions that were called by Data.GetItem(params) TIME (msec) ---------------------------------------------------|-------------- Model.GetSubItem(params) | 0.83 Model.GetSubItem2(params) | 0.77 Model.GetSubItem3(params) | 0.76 etc. The issue I'm facing is that the sum of the Functions called by Data.GetItem(params) do not sum up to the 10,158.12 msec total. This would lead me to believe that the bulk of the time is actually spent executing the code within that method. My question is ... does Visual Studio provide a way to analyze the method itself so I can see which sections of code are taking the longest? if it does not are there any recommended tools to do this? or should I start writing my own timing scripts? Thank you

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  • Having my Python package install shortcuts in Start menu

    - by cool-RR
    I'm making a Python package that gets installed with a setup.py file using setuptools. The package includes a GUI, and when it's installed on a Windows machine, I want the installation to make a folder in "Programs" in the start menu, and make a shortcut there to a pyw script that will start the GUI. (The pyw think works on all platforms, right?) On Mac and Linux, I would like it to put this shortcut in whatever Mac and Linux have that is parallel to the start menu. How do I do this?

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  • Where did my Visual Studio exception assistant go?

    - by Steven
    Since a couple of weeks the Visual Studio (2008 9.0.30729.1 SP) Exception Assistant has stopt appearing while debugging using the C# IDE. Instead the old ugly and useless debug dialog comes up: To make sure, I've checked the following: "Tools / Options / Debugging / General / Enable the exception assistant" is on. "Debug / Exceptions / Common Language Runtime Exceptions / Thrown" is on. I reset my Visual Studio Settings. I googled. I checked all relevant stackoverflow questions. How can I get the Exception Assistant back? Who gives me the golden tip?

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  • Generator speed in python 3

    - by Will
    Hello all, I am going through a link about generators that someone posted. In the beginning he compares the two functions below. On his setup he showed a speed increase of 5% with the generator. I'm running windows XP, python 3.1.1, and cannot seem to duplicate the results. I keep showing the "old way"(logs1) as being slightly faster when tested with the provided logs and up to 1GB of duplicated data. Can someone help me understand whats happening differently? Thanks! def logs1(): wwwlog = open("big-access-log") total = 0 for line in wwwlog: bytestr = line.rsplit(None,1)[1] if bytestr != '-': total += int(bytestr) return total def logs2(): wwwlog = open("big-access-log") bytecolumn = (line.rsplit(None,1)[1] for line in wwwlog) getbytes = (int(x) for x in bytecolumn if x != '-') return sum(getbytes)

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  • $(MSBuildStartupDirectory) in Visual Studio points to different places on different machines

    - by skolima
    In a large solution, I'm integrating Gendarme into Visual Studio 2008 compilation process. I am using GendarmeMsBuild task along with a .targets file to add a AfterBuild target to every project in the solution. I am looking for a way to import this file into .csproj files in a way that wouldn't require me to change the include path (the projects have different nesting levels). Apart from using NuGet SolutionDir variable, best way to solve this seemed to be to use $(MSBuildStartupDirectory). However, as it turns out, on some machines, using the same version of VS 2008 (as same updates installed, as far as I was able to check) this resolves to the solution directory, and on others to c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\Common7\IDE. How can I either get this to always resolve to the solution folder or obtain the base folder in another consistent way?

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  • Sending mail via sendmail from python

    - by Nate
    If I want to send mail not via SMTP, but rather via sendmail, is there a library for python that encapsulates this process? Better yet, is there a good library that abstracts the whole 'sendmail -versus- smtp' choice? I'll be running this script on a bunch of unix hosts, only some of which are listening on localhost:25; a few of these are part of embedded systems and can't be set up to accept SMTP. As part of Good Practice, I'd really like to have the library take care of header injection vulnerabilities itself -- so just dumping a string to popen('/usr/bin/sendmail', 'w') is a little closer to the metal than I'd like. If the answer is 'go write a library,' so be it ;-)

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  • Draw and move a point over an image in python

    - by frx08
    Hi all I have to do a little script in Python. In this script I have a variable (that represents a coordinate) that is continuously updated to a new value. So I have to draw a red point over a image and update the point position every time the variable that contains the coordinate is updated. I tried to explain what I need doing something like this but obviously it doesn't works: import Tkinter, Image, ImageDraw, ImageTk i=0 root = Tkinter.Tk() im = Image.open("img.jpg") root.geometry("%dx%d" % (im.size[0], im.size[1])) while True: draw = ImageDraw.Draw(im) draw.ellipse((i, 0, 10, 10), fill=(255, 0, 0)) pi = ImageTk.PhotoImage(im) label = Tkinter.Label(root, image=pi) label.place(x=0, y=0, width=im.size[0], height=im.size[1]) i+=1 del draw someone may help me please? thanks very much!

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  • python regex for repeating string

    - by Lars Nordin
    I am wanting to verify and then parse this string (in quotes): string = "start: c12354, c3456, 34526;" //Note that some codes begin with 'c' I would like to verify that the string starts with 'start:' and ends with ';' Afterward, I would like to have a regex parse out the strings. I tried the following python re code: regx = r"V1 OIDs: (c?[0-9]+,?)+;" reg = re.compile(regx) matched = reg.search(string) print ' matched.groups()', matched.groups() I have tried different variations but I can either get the first or the last code but not a list of all three. Or should I abandon using a regex?

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  • display classes of a namespace in visual studio (C#)

    - by ericyoung7001
    I am a Java programmer, and just starting to use Visual Studio to do C# programming. In Java IDE such as Eclipse, if I do not know the classname in a package, I can just type a dot (.) after a package name, then I will get a list of all the classes in that package in the IDE. How I can configure visual studio to do the similar thing, say, if I click a namespace name in a file (for example, using System), or add a dot after the namespace, all the classes in that namespace will be displayed somewhere in the IDE?

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  • Python Importing object that originates in one module from a different module into a third module

    - by adewinter
    I was reading the sourcode for a python project and came across the following line: from couchexport.export import Format (source: https://github.com/wbnigeria/couchexport/blob/master/couchexport/views.py#L1 ) I went over to couchexport/export.py to see what Format was (Class? Dict? something else?). Unfortunately Format isn't in that file. export.py does however import a Format from couchexport.models where there is a Format class (source: https://github.com/wbnigeria/couchexport/blob/master/couchexport/models.py#L11). When I open up the original file in my IDE and have it look up the declaration, in line I mentioned at the start of this question, it leads directly to models.py. What's going on? How can an import from one file (export.py) actually be an import from another file (models.py) without being explicitly stated?

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  • Capturing stdout within the same process in Python

    - by danben
    I've got a python script that calls a bunch of functions, each of which writes output to stdout. Sometimes when I run it, I'd like to send the output in an e-mail (along with a generated file). I'd like to know how I can capture the output in memory so I can use the email module to build the e-mail. My ideas so far were: use a memory-mapped file (but it seems like I have to reserve space on disk for this, and I don't know how long the output will be) bypass all this and pipe the output to sendmail (but this may be difficult if I also want to attach the file)

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  • Web framework recommendation for python (webservices, auth, cache, ...)

    - by illuminated
    Hi all, Googling for the past week, but cannot finally decide which python web framework would be right for me. The web app I'm about to develop would be almost completely "pure" html with js (jQuery). Server side would have to do the following: authentication session management caching web services (almost all the on page data would be pulled with jQuery through web services) secured web services (through some form of authentication; this is for remote accessing some of the web services though other web apps, desktop/mobile applications) If there is a good tutorial/guide/idea for how to do this in Django I would be most thankfull if someone could share it as I already have experience with it. The thing that made me start thinking about other frameworks is Django's built in ORM. I know I could swap it with SQLAlchemy, but wouldn't go down that road if I'm not sure all the rest of the requirements is supported. Thanks all in advance.

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  • MD5 hash differences between Python and other file hashers

    - by Sam
    I have been doing a bit of programming in Python (still a n00b at it) and came across something odd. I made a small program to find the MD5 hash of a filename passed to it on the command line. I used a function I found here on SO. When I ran it against a file, I got a hash "58a...113". But when I ran Microsoft's FCIV or the md5sum.py in \Python26\Tools\Scripts\, I get a different hash, "591...ae6". The actual hashing part of the md5sum.py in Scripts is m = md5.new() while 1: data = fp.read(bufsize) if not data: break m.update(data) out.write('%s %s\n' % (m.hexdigest(), filename)) This looks functionally identical to the code in the function given in the other answer... What am I missing? (This is my first time posting to stackoverflow, please let me know if I am doing it wrong.)

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