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• Public Folders - Delete Public Folders from 2003 after migrating to 2010 (via Adsiedit) - safe?

  - by HeavenCore

  Similar Question: How do I delete a public store in Exchange 2003? We are ready to remove our Exchange 2003 server after having migrated all public folders and mailboxes to 2010. We ran for a week with the exchange 2003 server shutdown and everything seemed to work. When I try to delete the PF database from 2003 it says it contains replicas. Whilst migrating i only had one was sync working (from 2003 to 2010) so i believe that 2003 hasn't received the responses from 2010 saying replica removed. When I look in Public folders on the 2003 box none are listed, when i look in PF Instances they are all listed. I know everything has moved to the 2010 server and I know 2010 is not showing the 2003 server as a replica for any folders. I am looking to use ADSI edit to remove the Public folder database from the 2003 server, but want to ensure i am going to delete the right thing so that they do not get deleted from the 2010 database. Should i delete configuration, Services, Microsoft Exchange, Company Name, Administrative groups, First administrative group, Servers, Server name, Information store, First storage group, public folder store (Server name)? Or something else? I have checked and the only public folder with the old exchange server listed as a replica is SYSTEM CONFIGURATION. Thanks in advance.

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• DFS Root namespace is RDWR for all users

  - by Patrick

  We have an existing DFS Replication and Namespace group that we use to serve the company's files. This has been operating fine for us for some time now, and continues to do so. however a situation arose yesterday afternoon that has led us to be stumped. The problem is that we have our name space presented as : \\domain.co.uk\public\[8 or 9 folders that are mapped to the users in the business] We had a problem this morning that meant that a number of users started mapping their AD Home Drive directly to the \\domain.co.uk\public directory and we found that they had read/write. This rapidly became a problem as a at least one director saved some moderately sensitive documents in there and basically anyone could read them. I've tidied up that specific problem with some deft scripting and a slight modification of group policy. However I would like to make \public read only, the trouble is I can't work out where the ACLs for that folder would be held. All the folders that are presented as \\domain.co.uk\public\[folder] are 'real' folders on logical volumes on our DFS servers so are secured with groups that are applied via the 'security' tab. I'd like to do the same on \public but I can't find it. I have looked through amongst other things \Sysvol\domain.co.uk but can't find it and after a lot of clicking and a bit of reading I can't see how to lock it down. Any thoughts?

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• Must have local user to authenticate Samba to AD?

  - by Phil

  I've got a CentOS 5.3 server with Samba running. I've joined this server to my domain in the hopes of allowing AD users some access to my Samba shares. I've found that this works, but only as long as the AD username that I'm trying to authenticate with is also a local user on the server. In other words, if I'm trying to access a share, and try to authenticate with the AD username "joe", I get errors unless I create a user named 'joe' on the server. I don't have to create a matching password or anything....the local user's password is always blank, so I do know that the authentication is actually happening against the AD. Here's my smb.conf file: [global] workgroup = <mydomain> server string = <snip> netbios name = HOME security = ADS realm = <mydomain.com> password server = <snip> auth methods = winbind log level = 1 log file = /var/log/samba/%m.log [amore] path = /var/www/amore browseable = yes writable = yes valid users = DOMAIN\user1 DOMAIN\user2 DOMAIN\user3 DOMAIN\user4 I would assume that my kerberos settings are fine, as I've joined the domain and can use wbinfo to see users and groups. However, I can provide that info if necessary. Anyone have any ideas?

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• Cannot connect to MySQL on RDS (Amazon Web Services) from my laptop

  - by Bruno Reis

  I'm having some trouble connecting to a MySQL 5.1 server on an RDS instance on AWS from my laptop. The detailed description of the problem is here: https://forums.aws.amazon.com/thread.jspa?messageID=323397 In short: I have 2 MySQL servers, both with the same db configuration and firewall (security group) configuration. One of them works fine: I can connect to it from my EC2 instances (ie, from inside the AWS cloud) and from my laptop. The other one doesn't: I can connect from my EC2 instances but not from my laptop. The symptom: a connection attempt from my laptop just hangs, and then times out, as if there was a firewall blocking me (ie, silently dropping my SYN packets). I must say that everything has been working fine for a very long time, and this problem began suddenly, 3 days ago, without any modifications to DB parameters or the security groups. My current analysis of the situation: The firewall (ie, security group) cannot be the problem: both MySQL servers share the same firewall configuration -- I can connect to one of them but not to the other. Later on, I even added a rule to allow inbound connections from 0.0.0.0/0 (ie, I turned off the firewall), and nothing. Oh, I also created a new, fresh security group and changed this instance's SG to the new one (to which I first added my ip address, and then 0.0.0.0/0) but still nothing. The credentials cannot be the problem: I use the same from my laptop and from my EC2 instances -- and the user (which is what Amazon calls master user), in the database, has a host of '%'. MySQL is not blocking my IP due to, say, too many failed connection attemps: I've FLUSH HOSTS on the database, and also I tried to connect using many different source IP addresses, even from all around the world through a VPN proxy service. What could I be missing? I'm asking here because it's been about 36 hours since I've posted on AWS forums but got no answer at all over there... someone here might have a solution! Any input is really appreciated, I'm out of ideas. Thanks!

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• How can I prevent a DDOS attack on Amazon EC2?

  - by cwd

  One of the servers I use is hosted on the Amazon EC2 cloud. Every few months we appear to have a DDOS attack on this sever. This slows the server down incredibly. After around 30 minutes, and sometimes a reboot later, everything is back to normal. Amazon has security groups and firewall, but what else should I have in place on an EC2 server to mitigate or prevent an attack? From similar questions I've learned: Limit the rate of requests/minute (or seconds) from a particular IP address via something like IP tables (or maybe UFW?) Have enough resources to survive such an attack - or - Possibly build the web application so it is elastic / has an elastic load balancer and can quickly scale up to meet such a high demand) If using mySql, set up mySql connections so that they run sequentially so that slow queries won't bog down the system What else am I missing? I would love information about specific tools and configuration options (again, using Linux here), and/or anything that is specific to Amazon EC2. ps: Notes about monitoring for DDOS would also be welcomed - perhaps with nagios? ;)

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• Is it possible to trace someone using Google during an online exam?

  - by George

  I happen to be a professor at a reputed college. I want to design an online exam for over 1000 students via around 50 computers right after the vacation ends. Now the problem is that I have heard that many students use Google on a different tab to find answers when no invigilator is around. I want to know if there is a way to backtrace it after the exams via some kind of history or any other possible way. In our university there is a standard system. I am not good with computers but I will try to explain. Each computer uses mozilla to connect to a server centrally located via an IP. The students open it and enter a unique ID and password to start the exams. Many questions are jumbled and different groups of students give exam in a different time slot. Is there any way to trace it since I want to set an example for students so they won't cheat and give exams in an honest way. Additional details: Since the number of computers are less than the number of students, more than 10 students are going to use a single computer on a single day over a period of 10 hours. After this, if I check the history (and let's say someone even forgot to delete the history and I see it), will I able to figure out who among the 10 has done it? Moreover, is it even practical and feasible?

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• Disable Windows 7 taskbar grouping. Not combining.

  - by Byran

  I've look near and far but I cannot find a way (setting or hack) to prevent Windows 7 from grouping taskbar buttons together that are "related". I'm not talking about the option to combine or collapse related buttons into one item. I can find that setting at: Taskbar and Start Menu Properties Taskbar Taskbar buttons: This is what I an not looking for: How to Enable or Disable Windows 7 Taskbar Button Grouping I'm talking about how Windows 7 seams to think that it's doing me a favor by grouping all my Google Chrome buttons together and grouping all my Explorer buttons together etc. My workflow in Windows XP was to use the program Taskbar Shuffle to allow me to reorganize my taskbar buttons into related task "groups" I was working on. For example: [Start Button] | [iTunes] [Outlook Express] [Chrome Gmail] [layered design folder] [Photoshop CS4] [exported images folder] [website root folder] [Dreamweaver CS4] [Chrome www.MyAwesomeWebsiteImBuilding.com] [Chrome Recent web search] [some unrelated folder] Windows 7 doesn't seem to let me do this. It wants to do: [Start Button] | [layered design folder][exported images folder][website root folder][some unrelated folder] | [Chrome www.MyAwesomeWebsiteImBuilding.com]Chrome [Gmail][Chrome Recent web search] | [iTunes] | [Outlook Express] | [Photoshop CS4] | [Dreamweaver CS4] Does anyone know of a tool or hack to prevent Windows 7 from grouping taskbar buttons?

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• newbie: Allow domain users to change power-savings settings

  - by user65007

  I've just recently installed SMS 2011 on a server and added several computers to it's domain. Now I've noticed that I cannot change power settings (even when logged in as user who is in Domain Administrator role, let's call it Admin for future reference). After some googling I ended up adding Admin to the local administrators group using Group Policy Management Editor (as I have no experience in server administration I'm not sure I did it right: I went to Policy Management, selected Forest: xxxxx - Domains - xxxxx - Group Policy Objects - Windows SBS Client - Windows 7 and Windows Vista Policy - go to Settings tab on the right and right-click on anything and select Edit to go to Group Policy Mangement Editor - User Configuration - Preferences - Control Panel Settings - Local Users and Groups - right-click on it and select New - Local Group, then set Action to "Update", Group Name to "Administrators (built-in)", and added Admin to Members). After that I was able to change the power-savings settings on client computers(when logged in as Admin). Now the question: what should I do to allow any domain user to change this settings? Notice, I do not want to force some predefined power plan to all computers, I want to set it up so that any domain user on any client computer would be able to select a different power plan and to make any adjustments to the selected one. Thank you for any suggestions, just keep in mind that I'm newbie (but not completely dumb), so please answer accordingly :)

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• RTL8188CE doesn't connect to any wifi access points

  - by Drakmail

  I'm using network manager to connect. Also, tryed iwconfig. Results are same. I even try to connect to open access point — results are same. More information: Drakmail@thinkpad-x220:~$ lspci | grep Network | grep -v Ethernet 03:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8188CE 802.11b/g/n WiFi Adapter (rev 01) Drakmail@thinkpad-x220:~$ uname -a Linux thinkpad-x220 3.1.0 #1 SMP PREEMPT Wed Oct 26 02:19:49 UTC 2011 x86_64 Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2410M CPU @ 2.30GHz GenuineIntel GNU/Linux Drakmail@thinkpad-x220:~$ dmesg | tail -n 10 [ 846.901574] rtl8192c_common: Loading firmware file rtlwifi/rtl8192cfw.bin [ 906.812461] rtl8192c_common: Loading firmware file rtlwifi/rtl8192cfw.bin [ 966.728810] rtl8192c_common: Loading firmware file rtlwifi/rtl8192cfw.bin [ 1026.639676] rtl8192c_common: Loading firmware file rtlwifi/rtl8192cfw.bin [ 1030.925574] rtl8192c_common: Loading firmware file rtlwifi/rtl8192cfw.bin At this moment I try to connect to open wifi ap: [ 1031.252403] wlan0: direct probe to 00:24:8c:55:fa:ed (try 1/3) [ 1031.451943] wlan0: direct probe to 00:24:8c:55:fa:ed (try 2/3) [ 1031.651658] wlan0: direct probe to 00:24:8c:55:fa:ed (try 3/3) [ 1031.851354] wlan0: direct probe to 00:24:8c:55:fa:ed timed out [ 1086.544960] rtl8192c_common: Loading firmware file rtlwifi/rtl8192cfw.bin My distribution: Drakmail@thinkpad-x220:~$ cat /etc/*version AgiliaLinux release 8.0.0 (Sammy) (Something between Slackware and Archlinux). Also, I saw that wifi module to often trying to load a firmware file. Any ideas what it would be?

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• Restrict access to one SVN repository (overwrite default)

  - by teel

  I'm trying to set up our SVN server so that by default the group developers will have access to all repositories, but I want to override that setting on some certain repositories where I want to allow access only to single defined users (or separate groups) The current configuration is SVN + WebDAV on Apache2. All my repositories are located at /var/lib/svn/ In dav_svn.authz I currently have [/] @developers = rw @users = r Now I want to add one repository (let's call it secret_repo) that would only allow access to one user who is also a member of the developers group.¨ I tried to do [secret_repo:/] * = secret_user = rw Where secret_user is the user I'd like to give access to the repository, but it doesn't seem to work. Currently the server is using Apache's LDAP module to authenticate users from our active directory domain and I'd like to keep it that way if possible. Also I seem to be able to browse all my repos freely with any web browser, which I'd like to block. Second problem is that I have webSVN on the server, which is using Apache's LDAP authentication. Everyone who is a member of our domain can access it, so I'd like to hide this secret_repo from websvn listing. It's configured not with parentPath("/var/lib/svn");. Do I really need to remove that and add every repository separately, except the ones I want to hide?

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• Copied a file with winscp; only winscp can see it

  - by nilbus

  I recently copied a 25.5GB file from another machine using WinSCP. I copied it to C:\beth.tar.gz, and WinSCP can still see the file. However no other app (including Explorer) can see the file. What might cause this, and how can I fix it? The details that might or might not matter WinSCP shows the size of the file (C:\beth.tar.gz) correctly as 27,460,124,080 bytes, which matches the filesize on the remote host Neither explorer, cmd (command line prompt w/ dir C:\), the 7Zip archive program, nor any other File Open dialog can see the beth.tar.gz file under C:\ I have configured Explorer to show hidden files I can move the file to other directories using WinSCP If I try to move the file to Users/, UAC prompts me for administrative rights, which I grant, and I get this error: Could not find this item The item is no longer located in C:\ When I try to transfer the file back to the remote host in a new directory, the transfer starts successfully and transfers data The transfer had about 30 minutes remaining when I left it for the night The morning after the file transfer, I was greeted with a message saying that the connection to the server had been lost. I don't think this is relevant, since I did not tell it to disconnect after the file was done transferring, and it likely disconnected after the file transfer finished. I'm using an old version of WinSCP - v4.1.8 from 2008 I can view the file properties in WinSCP: Type of file: 7zip (.gz) Location: C:\ Attributes: none (Ready-only, Hidden, Archive, or Ready for indexing) Security: SYSTEM, my user, and Administrators group have full permissions - everything other than "special permissions" is checked under Allow for all 3 users/groups (my user, Administrators, SYSTEM) What's going on?!

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• Wifi antenna extension with F-connector/RG-6(RG-59) cable?

  - by rjz2000

  In an older house, the wire mesh in walls surrounding the furnace behave like a Faraday cage and block wifi signals. It is also difficult to lay new cable, however there is television cable to multiple locations due to there once having been a roof-installed, television antenna. It would be relatively trivial to install the wifi router at the center distribution point, then have the antenna broadcasting/receiving the signal plugged in at each of the old television outlets. I assume that it would not be too difficult to find an adapter for SMA <- F-type connectors. The cable is actually RG-59 rather than RG-6, but I assume that it still has relatively good RF isolation along its length, which is no more than a couple hundred feet in any direction. Does anyone know a problem with the idea? Will a router get confused if there is /too little/ interference between the two antenna? Is that length of cable (~100ft) too long for the signal a router broadcasts? I have seen that it is also possible to use old ~$30/each FiOS cable modems available on eBay to extend a network over television cable. However, that seems like a less elegant solution, and might interfere with upnp and dlna services I'd like to have work on a single network. Thanks if anyone has answers or suggestions before I try this project!

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• SQL Server Replication Backup

  - by user18039

  Hi We have a new system that runs on SQL Server 2008 r2 64-bit. There is a primary on-line transactional processing (OLTP) database that accepts a high volume of updates from several thousand Point of Sale systems at stores around the country. In order to protect this vital function, I have decided to introduce a dedicated reporting database server - from which multiple users will run some pretty complex reports. I realise that there were a number of choices but I decided to use Transaction Replication as the mechanism for copying the data from the OLTP database to the new reporting database - one way replication. The solution has worked well in test. I'm now being asked what changes need to be made to the backup policy to cover the architectural changes. I have read pages such as MSDN:Strategies for Backing Up and Restoring Snapshot and Transactional Replication but I think these are overkill for my solution. In fact, my current thinking is that we simply need to continue making backups of the OLTP data and logs. If the Reporting db or any of the system replication (eg distribution) databases fail then it's no big deal - we can clear all down then re-create the replication. I realise that taking a complete snapshot of the OLTP would be time consuming (approx 5 hours) but I'd be more relaxed about this that trying to restore backups of the various data and log files in the correct sequence. My view is that the complex strategies set out in the MSDN article would only be the way to go for a more complex replication solution than I have, eg if there were multiple subscribers with 2-way replication. Would you agree? I'd be grateful for any advice. Many thanks, Rob.,

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• less maximum buffer size?

  - by Tyzoid

  I was messing around with my system and found a novel way to use up memory, but it seems that the less command only holds a limited amount of data before stopping/killing the command. To test, run (careful! uses lots of system memory very fast!) $ cat /dev/zero | less From my testing, it looks like the command is killed after less reaches 2.5 gigabytes of memory, but I can't find anything in the man page that suggests that it would limit it in such a way. In addition, I couldn't find any documentation via the google on the subject. Any light to this quite surprising discovery would be great! System Information: Quad core intel i7, 8gb ram. $ uname -a Linux Tyler-Work 3.13.0-32-generic #57-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 03:51:08 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux $ less --version less 458 (GNU regular expressions) Copyright (C) 1984-2012 Mark Nudelman less comes with NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. For information about the terms of redistribution, see the file named README in the less distribution. Homepage: http://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less $ lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 14.04 LTS Release: 14.04 Codename: trusty

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• Mysterious swap usage on EC2

  - by rusty

  We're in the middle of a project to move our infrastructure from a co-lo situation into Amazon EC2 and we've noticed some weird memory characteristics of the processes in our setup. Without going into too much detail about the specifics of our processes, we've noticed that on our EC2 instances "top" will show processes using a lot of swap space -- in fact, much greater than the amount of available swap or (if you add it all up) more than the available disk. Here's a sample top output: Mem: 7136868k total, 5272300k used, 1864568k free, 256876k buffers Swap: 1048572k total, 0k used, 1048572k free, 2526504k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ SWAP COMMAND 4121 jboss 20 0 5913m 603m 14m S 0.7 8.7 3:59.90 5.2g java 22730 root 20 0 2394m 4012 1976 S 2.0 0.1 4:20.57 2.3g PassengerHelper 20564 rails 20 0 2539m 220m 9828 S 0.3 3.2 0:23.58 2.3g java 1423 nscd 20 0 877m 1464 972 S 0.0 0.0 0:03.89 876m nscd You can see, for instance, that jboss is reportedly using 5.2 gigs of swap space which is definitely impossible since there's only 1G allocated and none is being used (probably because there's still 1.8G of RAM free). And here's the results of uname -a: Linux xxx.yyy.zzz 2.6.35.14-106.53.amzn1.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Jan 6 16:20:10 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux We're running an AMI based off of the default Amazon Linux AMI (Amazon Linux AMI release 2011.09, so some RHEL5 and RHEL 6) with not too many customizations and definitely no kernel-level customizations. Something here tells me that on this particular kernel/distribution, the reporting of swap or maybe even total memory usage isn't what it appears to be... Any help would be appreciated!

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• How should an experienced Windows SysAdmin learn Linux? [closed]

  - by Systemspoet

  I have a new hire starting in a few weeks who is an experienced Windows SysAdmin. I think he's fairly senior on the Windows side, with a pretty deep AD understanding and experience with Exchange 2007, 2010, and exchange migrations. He's done a little PowerShell but I suspect more of the "run this command to do this" variety then "write a script to do this" sort. However, we are a mixed shop and (he knows this) I expect him to become a reasonably competent Linux SysAdmin over time. I'm looking for good starting points to bring him along. I have over ten years of Linux/UNIX experience, so it all sort of seems intuitive to me, but I've been thinking about the toolkit you actually need to be productive in the Linux CLI world. Just to be able to use the machines at all, off the top of my head... vi Basic CLI stuff -- move around, rename files, copy files, tar, gzip, changing passwords, finding relevant manpages, keep track of where you are, find things in your history, etc, etc. More advanced things that I take for granted but are actually pretty hard -- doing things with 'find', extracting relevant text via 'awk' and/or 'cut', knowing when to use 'grep' and when to use 'grep -e' or 'egrep'. Distribution specific stuff... compiling software, rpm, yum, apt-get, you name it. This all seems pretty basic to me, but when I think back to 1995 when I was first learning my way, some of those things took me years to master. So my question is -- where should I send him to pick up those skills? I'm not just thinking of classes, but rather also websites and books? Where do you all suggest as a starting point for picking up Linux skills?

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• SQL Server 2005 Disk Configuration: Single RAID 1+0 or multiple RAID 1+0s?

  - by mfredrickson

  Assuming that the workload for the SQL Server is just a normal OLTP database, and that there are a total of 20 disks available, which configuration would make more sense? A single RAID 1+0, containing all 20 disks. This physical volume would contain both the data files and the transaction log files, but two logical drives would be created from this RAID: one for the data files and one for the log files. Or... Two RAID 1+0s, each containing 10 disks. One physical volume would contain the data files, and the other would contain the log files. The reason for this question is due to a disagreement between me (SQL Developer) and a co-worker (DBA). For every configuration that I've done, or seen others do, the data files and transaction log files were separated at the physical level, and were placed on separate RAIDs. However, my co-workers argument is that by placing all the disks into a single RAID 1+0, then any IO that is done by the server is potentially shared between all 20 disks, instead of just 10 disks in my suggested configuration. Conceptually, his argument makes sense to me. Also, I've found some information from Microsoft that seems to supports his position. http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc966414.aspx In the section titled "3. RAID10 Configuration", showing a configuration in which all 20 disks are allocated to a single RAID 1+0, it states: In this scenario, the I/O parallelism can be used to its fullest by all partitions. Therefore, distribution of I/O workload is among 20 physical spindles instead of four at the partition level. But... every other configuration I've seen suggests physically separating the data and log files onto separate RAIDs. Everything I've found here on Server Fault suggests the same. I understand that a log files will be write heavy, and that data files will be a combination of reads and writes, but does this require that the files be placed onto separate RAIDs instead of a single RAID?

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• Good support to multiple desktops AND multiple monitors in Linux (Ubuntu)?

  - by Somebody still uses you MS-DOS

  I'm starting to have A LOT of opened windows in my machine. Sometimes within a project, I have e-mail/task management/personal e-mail/twitter, and a lot of different opened applications/terminal in my Linux environment. Nowadays I have 4 worspaces: Corporate management (e-mail) and corporate messenger; Work (Documents, Requisites) Dev (Development, All gVim windows, terminal and Firefox for development) Personal (Personal stuff: personal e-mail, delicious, twitter and so on) Sometimes it would be interesting to have different workspaces to projects instead of this configuration I have nowadays that are classes of work (bad name, I know, but I think you got the idea). I'm starting to think about using two monitors: one with Corporate Management, Work and Personal. The second monitor is only the development state: each workspace here is about a project being worked on instead of groups of works like before. A workspace may be implementing different classes for example. My question is: I just want to change to a second monitor using the mouse. I want to still be able to change workspaces in the same monitor using keyboard shortcuts. The keyboard shortcuts wouldn't change monitors, just worskpaces on the same monitor. Does Linux (Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid Lynx) support this envisioned setup? If so, how?

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• Why doesn't the value in /proc/meminfo seem to map exactly to the system RAM?

  - by Eric Asberry

  The values in /proc/meminfo for MemTotal don't make sense. As a human, eyeballing it, it seems to roughly correspond to the installed RAM, but for using it to display the installed RAM from an automated utility it appears to be inexact, and inconsistent. For a system with 1G of RAM, I would expect the MemTotal line to have a value of 1048576 - 1024*1024. But instead, I'm seeing 1029392. On another 4G box, I'm seeing 3870172, which is not a multiple of 1024, and it's not even close to 1029392*4. On an 8G box, I get 8128204, which again seems to have no correlation to the other values, nor is it a multiple of 1024. I'm trying to use this information to report the RAM on a status web page. My work-around is to just "round" it to the nearest 1G multiple, but I'd like to understand why these values seem inconsistent and don't match my expectations. Can somebody fill me in on what I'm missing here? EDIT: To expand on the accepted answer below.... The reference can be found here. Also of interest to me from that page, which explains the inconsistency, is this bit: meminfo: Provides information about distribution and utilization of memory. This varies by architecture and compile options. ...

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• USB Hub vs. Dockinstation USB vs. Laptop USB

  - by Will

  I recently had thougts about my current setup in my office, especially about the UBS ports distribution. Here's my setup: I have a Lenovo T410 docked to a Lenovo Dockingstation Series 3, that providey me with 6 USB ports, which I use all (3 ext. drives, mouse, keyboard, USB Hub of monitor). The USB hub on my ext. monitor (most probably powered by the ext. monitor's power supply) provides me with 2 USB ports, where I use one for my webcam and another for USB sticks. On my T410 itself I have 4 USB slots, that are usually not used, as don't want to mess with USB plugs when undocking my laptop, now and then I plug my printer on one of these, just because I don't have any UBS ports left. Now I'm wondering how fast each of these slots are: I assume that all the 6 USB ports from the dockinstation somehow go through the docking connector on the bottom of my laptop. Does this connector has such a big bandwidth for all these 6 USB ports to perform like if they were dedicated ports as the 4 ones on my laptop? Also how is generally the performance of USB hubs (like the one on my ext. monitor?)?

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• Load Balancing is unusual in Apache in round-robin mode when one of the tomcat is brought down

  - by srayker

  We are facing a unusual behavior with round-robin load balancing on apache when one of the tomcat server is brought down. Our Setup: we have 2 apache web servers on the front end using mod_jk module for load balancing using round robin for load distribution. We also have enabled session stickyness. This is followed by 4 tomcat servers on which the applications are running. Sometimes under heavy load, if there is a slowness in our DB tier we find that eventually one of the tomcat goes into a hung state and would need a restart. The moment we bounce the tomcat we see a spike in requests in one of the server and this would also go into hung state and need a restart. Eventually all the server will face similar condition. What beats me is why does the Apache transfer the whole load to one server instead of distributing the load. We are now trying the worker.balancer.method=B to see if this helps to resolve our issue. Any thoughts on resolving the issue is greatly appreciated. regards, srayker

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• One Apache server, multiple clients - best practices for config files?

  - by OttaSean

  First time user; please be gentle. :-) (And if you don't like my question I'd be grateful for a comment as to why...) I am doing a contract at a government server shop that provides web services for multiple client groups in other areas of the government. My employer has asked me to look into how other shops, in similar situations, handle configuration files, and whether there are any best practices on the subject. I'm pretty sure there are lots of installations out there running multiple VirtualHosts out of one Apache installation, but surprisingly I couldn't find anything online about how people handle config file layout, so was hoping some of you wise folks on ServerFault might have some thoughts or pointers for me. The current setup - which seems logical to me - is that each client site has its own directory off the root - so: /client/tps-reports/ /client/silly-walks/ /client/ministry-of-magic/ and so on - and each of those directories has a /htdocs, /cgi-bin, and /conf (among others). The main /etc/apache/httpd.conf only contains Include statements (and lots of comments), the last of which is: Include /etc/apache/vhosts/*.conf The vhosts directory contains symlinks: tpsrept.conf - /client/tps-reports/conf/tpsrept.conf sillywk.conf - /client/silly-walks/conf/sillywk.conf mom.conf - /client/ministry-of-magic/mom.conf Each of those .conf files contains the actual NameVirtualHost definition and a gigantic <VirtualHost 192.168.12.34> stanza - which contains all the stuff about the specific site. The idea is that clients have access to what's in their own /client/xx directory, so they can change stuff in the section of the config that is relevant to them. As I mentioned above, that seems fairly logical to me, but I'm wondering if any of you wise folks are aware of potential gotchas with this sort of layout, or any other thoughts on why it is or isn't a good idea. In particular, how do other places do it? Is there a "best practice" for this sort of thing? Many thanks in advance for your time and any thoughts you all might have.

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• Methods and practices for managing a network that has no internet connection

  - by FaultyJuggler

  Originally asked in Super User but realized this belongs here. Long story short, I am setting up a network with 32 servers of varying specs that will be used for testing and development. We will be using RedHat Linux, we also do not have a router as of yet and were looking into making one of the servers act as our router/DHCP etc. The small cluster will be on an isolated network with no internet. I can use external harddrives and discs to transfer anything from external sources into machines on the network, so this isn't a locked down secure network, it just won't have a direct connection to the outside world. I've worked on such setups before, but always long after they were setup. So I'm reaching out to see what everyone knows as far as how groups have handled initial setup and maintenance of such a situation. What is the best way to get them all configured and up to date? What are the best ways to automate updates, network wide installs, etc. With the only given that I have large multi-terabyte external hard drives that would be used to drop whatever files are needed onto a central server, how do i then distribute those files and install their contents? I've done perl scripting, some teammates have played with puppet, so we aren't completely in the dark, I just wanted to avoid reinventing the wheel since this is a common challenge.

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• How can I use apt-get to resolve package dependencies when there are multiple versions in the repository?

  - by user1165144

  I've package a-package.deb which depends on b-package.deb in version 1.0. Everything works fine. But now a b-package in version 1.1 gets added to the repository. I'd suspect that apt-get installs the a-package and version 1.0 of the b-package. What really happens is, that a-package won't get installed: # apt-get install a-package Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: a-package : Depends: b-package (= 1.0) but 1.1 is to be installed E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. Is there a workaround to fix the behavior? Is there other software to use, that can handle the dependencies as defined?

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• schroot build environment setup how to avoid bind-mount home

  - by minghua

  The recent linux distributions such as Fedora and Ubuntu all use chroot environment to make the build. Because when making the build often it needs to install some special tools, and to install to the existing system. Using chroot avoids making any changes to the host system. To set up such a build environment, the first step is to make a chroot. I'm following the setup guide at https://wiki.debian.org/Schroot [wheezy-test] description=Contains the SPICE program aliases=test type=directory directory=/srv/chroot/test users=jsmith root-groups=root script-config=desktop/config personality=linux preserve-environment=true In the host on my setup the /home is on /dev/mapper. When schroot is entered, the same home is bind-mounted. Is there a way to avoid this? I prefer to use a different /home inside chroot. When changing the type from directory to plain, the binding is not performed. However that also loses /proc, /sys, etc. You'd have to manually bind-mount them. That does not seem to be a good solution. If a simple configuration change is unavailable, any idea where the script is for type=directory? Probably I'll manually modify the script. Thanks in advance for any answers or hints!

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