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  • Fastest method to define whether a number is a triangular number

    - by psihodelia
    A triangular number is the sum of the n natural numbers from 1 to n. What is the fastest method to find whether a given positive integer number is a triangular one? I suppose, there must be a hidden pattern in a binary representation of such numbers (like if you need to find whether a number is even/odd you check its least significant bit). Here is a cut of the first 1200th up to 1300th triangular numbers, you can easily see a bit-pattern here (if not, try to zoom out): (720600, '10101111111011011000') (721801, '10110000001110001001') (723003, '10110000100000111011') (724206, '10110000110011101110') (725410, '10110001000110100010') (726615, '10110001011001010111') (727821, '10110001101100001101') (729028, '10110001111111000100') (730236, '10110010010001111100') (731445, '10110010100100110101') (732655, '10110010110111101111') (733866, '10110011001010101010') (735078, '10110011011101100110') (736291, '10110011110000100011') (737505, '10110100000011100001') (738720, '10110100010110100000') (739936, '10110100101001100000') (741153, '10110100111100100001') (742371, '10110101001111100011') (743590, '10110101100010100110') (744810, '10110101110101101010') (746031, '10110110001000101111') (747253, '10110110011011110101') (748476, '10110110101110111100') (749700, '10110111000010000100') (750925, '10110111010101001101') (752151, '10110111101000010111') (753378, '10110111111011100010') (754606, '10111000001110101110') (755835, '10111000100001111011') (757065, '10111000110101001001') (758296, '10111001001000011000') (759528, '10111001011011101000') (760761, '10111001101110111001') (761995, '10111010000010001011') (763230, '10111010010101011110') (764466, '10111010101000110010') (765703, '10111010111100000111') (766941, '10111011001111011101') (768180, '10111011100010110100') (769420, '10111011110110001100') (770661, '10111100001001100101') (771903, '10111100011100111111') (773146, '10111100110000011010') (774390, '10111101000011110110') (775635, '10111101010111010011') (776881, '10111101101010110001') (778128, '10111101111110010000') (779376, '10111110010001110000') (780625, '10111110100101010001') (781875, '10111110111000110011') (783126, '10111111001100010110') (784378, '10111111011111111010') (785631, '10111111110011011111') (786885, '11000000000111000101') (788140, '11000000011010101100') (789396, '11000000101110010100') (790653, '11000001000001111101') (791911, '11000001010101100111') (793170, '11000001101001010010') (794430, '11000001111100111110') (795691, '11000010010000101011') (796953, '11000010100100011001') (798216, '11000010111000001000') (799480, '11000011001011111000') (800745, '11000011011111101001') (802011, '11000011110011011011') (803278, '11000100000111001110') (804546, '11000100011011000010') (805815, '11000100101110110111') (807085, '11000101000010101101') (808356, '11000101010110100100') (809628, '11000101101010011100') (810901, '11000101111110010101') (812175, '11000110010010001111') (813450, '11000110100110001010') (814726, '11000110111010000110') (816003, '11000111001110000011') (817281, '11000111100010000001') (818560, '11000111110110000000') (819840, '11001000001010000000') (821121, '11001000011110000001') (822403, '11001000110010000011') (823686, '11001001000110000110') (824970, '11001001011010001010') (826255, '11001001101110001111') (827541, '11001010000010010101') (828828, '11001010010110011100') (830116, '11001010101010100100') (831405, '11001010111110101101') (832695, '11001011010010110111') (833986, '11001011100111000010') (835278, '11001011111011001110') (836571, '11001100001111011011') (837865, '11001100100011101001') (839160, '11001100110111111000') (840456, '11001101001100001000') (841753, '11001101100000011001') (843051, '11001101110100101011') (844350, '11001110001000111110') For example, can you also see a rotated normal distribution curve, represented by zeros between 807085 and 831405?

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  • undefined method `model_name' for NilClass:Class - Rails application

    - by user1270259
    So I have seen other articles here on stack about this and a lot of the time people are not doing @post = post.new. I read some where to use the plural...?? any ways I am getting this error on my discussion code: Discussion Controller class DiscussionsController < ApplicationController def index @discussion = Discussion.new @discussions = Discussion.all end def create @discussion = Discussion.create(params[:discussion]) if @discussion.save redirect_to tasks_path, :flash => {:success => 'Created a new discussion'} else redirect_to tasks_path, :flash => {:error => 'Failed to create a discussion'} end end end Discussion Form <%= form_for @discussion do |f| %> <p><%= f.label :title %> <%= f.text_field :title %></p> <p><%= f.label :content %> <%= f.text_area :content %></p> <% end %> Discussion Routes resources :discussions do resources :comments end Now as far as I know I am doing this right, because I have a task form set up essentially the same way - but I have looked at my code for hours and have googled and tried other examples and now i see this: undefined method `model_name' for NilClass:Class Extracted source (around line #1): 1: <%= form_for @discussion do |f| %> 2: 3: <p><%= f.label :title %> 4: <%= f.text_field :title %></p> Which should mean that I am missing something from my controller.....is it as asilly as a spelling mistake? .

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  • Obj-c method override/polymorphism problem

    - by Rod
    Ok, so I'm using Objective-C. Now, say I have: TopClass : NSObject - (int) getVal {return 1;} MidClass : TopClass - (int) getVal {return 2;} BotClass : MidClass - (int) getVal {return 3;} I then put objects of each type into an NSMutableArray and take one out. What I want to do is run the getVal func on the appropriate object type, but when I put id a = [allObjects objectAtIndex:0]; if ([a isKindOfClass:[TopClass class]]) { int i; i = [a getVal]; } I get firstly a warning about multiple methods called getVal (presumably because the compiler can't determine the actual object type until runtime). But more seriously I also get an error "void value not ignored as it should be" and it won't compile. If I don't try and use the return from [a getVal] then it compiles fine e.g. [a getval]; //obviously no good if I want to use the return value It will also work if I use isMemberOfClass statements to cast the object to a class before running the function e.g. if ([a isMemberOfClass:[BotClass]) i = [(BotClass*) a getVal]; But surely I shouldn't have to do this to get the functionality I require? Otherwise I'll have to put in a statement for every single subclass, and worse have to add a new line if I add a new sub class, which rather defeats the point of method overriding doesn't it? Surely there is a better way?

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  • My UITextView delegate method doesn't respond

    - by user611967
    Hi guys. I would like to start we that i'm not a very good english speaker, so excuse me if something is wrong. So I have this code header file : import @interface macViewController : UIViewController { UINavigationItem *navItem; UITextView *iTextView; } @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UINavigationItem *navItem; @property (nonatomic, retain) IBOutlet UITextView *iTextView; (IBAction) btnClicked; @end implementation file : import "macViewController.h" @implementation macViewController @synthesize navItem, iTextView; (IBAction) btnClicked { if (self.editing == YES) { self.editing = NO; [iTextView resignFirstResponder]; UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc]initWithTitle:@"Data Saved" message:@"Your data was saved" delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"OK" otherButtonTitles:nil]; [alert show]; } else { self.editing = YES; [iTextView becomeFirstResponder]; } NSLog(@"works"); self.navItem.rightBarButtonItem = self.editButtonItem; self.navItem.rightBarButtonItem.action = @selector(btnClicked); } (void) textViewDidChangeUITextView *)textView { NSLog(@"works"); } So like you guess it's a view based app wich when i tap Edit button the keyboard pops-up then i press Done button and keyboard disappear and appear a alert view. SO I WANTED TO MAKE THEN I TOUCH THE TEXTVIEW, EDIT BUTTON TO BECOME DONE BUTTON ... THE PROBLEM IS THAT THE METHOD I DELEGATE TO IT DOESN'T RESPOND ... (USING CONSOLE I SAW THAT NOTHING HAPPENS) ... I TRIED DIFFERENT CODE BUT ALL = 0 ... PLEASE HELP I'M NEW ...

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  • undefined method `code' for nil:NilClass message with rails and a legacy database

    - by Jude Osborn
    I'm setting up a very simple rails 3 application to view data in a legacy MySQL database. The legacy database is mostly rails ORM compatible, except that foreign key fields are pluralized. For example, my "orders" table has a foreign key field to the "companies" table called "companies_id" (rather than "company_id"). So naturally I'm having to use the ":foreign_key" attribute of "belongs_to" to set the field name manually. I haven't used rails in a few years, but I'm pretty sure I'm doing everything right, yet I get the following error when trying to access "order.currency.code": undefined method `code' for nil:NilClass This is a very simple application so far. The only thing I've done is generate the application and a bunch of scaffolds for each of the legacy database tables. Then I've gone into some of the models to make adjustments to accommodate the above mentioned difference in database naming conventions, and added some fields to the views. That's it. No funny business. So my database tables look like this (relevant fields only): orders ------ id description invoice_number currencies_id currencies ---------- id code description My Order model looks like this: class Order < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :currency, :foreign_key=>'currencies_id' end My Currency model looks like this: class Currency < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :orders end The relevant view snippet looks like this: <% @orders.each do |order| %> <tr> <td><%= order.description %></td> <td><%= order.invoice_number %></td> <td><%= order.currency.code %></td> </tr> <% end %> I'm completely out of ideas. Any suggestions?

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  • Undefined method 'size' for #<File:text.txt> (NoMethodError)

    - by user1354456
    This is the code I am running, it does fine until I get to line 15. The command I run is: ruby ex16.rb text.txt. This is a practice sample I'm writing which is meant to be a simple little text editor: filename = ARGV.first script = $0 puts "We're going to erase #{filename}." puts "if you don't want that, hit CTRL-C (^C)." puts "If you do want that, hit RETURN." print "? " STDIN.gets puts "Opening the file..." target = File.open(filename, 'w') puts "Truncating the file. Goodbye!" target.truncate(target.size) puts "Now I'm going to ask you for three lines." print "line 1: "; line1 = STDIN.gets.chomp() print "line 2: "; line2 = STDIN.gets.chomp() print "line 3: "; line3 = STDIN.gets.chomp()undefined method 'size' puts "I'm going to write these to the file." target.write(line1) target.write("\n") target.write(line2) target.write("\n") target.write(line3) target.write("\n") puts "And finally, we close it." target.close()

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  • Empty value when iterating a dictionary with .iteritems() method

    - by ptpatil
    I am having some weird trouble with dictionaries, I am trying to iterate pairs from a dictionary to pass to another function. The loop for the iterator though for some reason always returns empty values. Here is the code: def LinktoCentral(self, linkmethod): if linkmethod == 'sim': linkworker = Linker.SimilarityLinker() matchlist = [] for k,v in self.ToBeMatchedTable.iteritems(): matchlist.append(k, linkworker.GetBestMatch(v, self.CentralDataTable.items())) Now if I insert a print line above the for loop: matchlist = [] print self.ToBeMatchedTable.items() for k,v in self.ToBeMatchedTable.iteritems(): matchlist.append(k, linkworker.GetBestMatch(v, self.CentralDataTable.items())) I get the data that is supposed to be in the dictionary printed out. The values of the dictionary are list objects. An example tuple I get from the dictionary when printing just above the for loop: >>> (1, ['AARP/United Health Care', '8002277789', 'PO Box 740819', 'Atlanta', 'GA', '30374-0819', 'Paper', '3676']) However, the for loop gives empty lists to the linkworker.GetBestMatch method. If I put a print line just below the for loop, here is what I get: Code: matchlist = [] for k,v in self.ToBeMatchedTable.iteritems(): print self.ToBeMatchedTable.items() matchlist.append(k, linkworker.GetBestMatch(v, self.CentralDataTable.items())) ## Place holder for line to send match list to display window return matchlist Result of first iteration: >>> (0, ['', '', '', '', '', '', '', '']) I literally have no idea whats going on, there is nothing else going on while this loop is executed. Any stupid mistakes I made?

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  • WPF-Prism CanExecute method not being called

    - by nareshbhatia
    I am coding a simple login UserControl with two TextBoxes (Username and Password) and a Login button. I want the Login button to be enabled only when the username and password fields are filled in. I am using Prism and MVVM. The LoginViewModel contains a property called LoginCommand that is bound to the Login button. I have a CanLoginExecute() method in my ViewModel but it fires only when the application comes up and then never again. So the Login button is never enabled. What am I missing? Here's my xaml: <TextBox x:Name="username" Text="{Binding Path=Username, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged, ValidatesOnDataErrors=True}" /> <TextBox x:Name="password" Text="{Binding Path=Password, UpdateSourceTrigger=PropertyChanged, ValidatesOnDataErrors=True}" /> <Button Content="Login" cmnd:Click.Command="{Binding LoginCommand}" /> Here's my ViewModel class LoginViewModel : IDataErrorInfo, INotifyPropertyChanged { public LoginViewModel() { this.LoginCommand = new DelegateCommand<object>( this.LoginExecute, this.CanLoginExecute); } private Boolean CanLoginExecute(object dummyObject) { return (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Username) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(Password)) ? false : true; } private void LoginExecute(object dummyObject) { if (CheckCredentials(Username, Password)) { .... } } #region IDataErrorInfo Members public string Error { get { throw new NotImplementedException(); } } public string this[string columnName] { get { string result = null; if (columnName == "Username") { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Username)) result = "Please enter a username"; } else if (columnName == "Password") { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(Password)) result = "Please enter a password"; } return result; } } #endregion // IDataErrorInfo Members #region INotifyPropertyChanged Members public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName) { if (PropertyChanged != null) PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } #endregion // INotifyPropertyChanged Members #region Properties private String _username; public String Username { get { return _username; } set { if (value == _username) return; _username = value; this.OnPropertyChanged("Username"); } } private String _password; public String Password { get { return _password; } set { if (value == _password) return; _password = value; this.OnPropertyChanged("Password"); } } public ICommand LoginCommand { get; private set; } #endregion // Properties }

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  • When will the ValueConverter's Convert method be called in wpf

    - by sudarsanyes
    I have an ObservableCollection bound to a list box and a boolean property bound to a button. I then defined two converters, one that operates on the collection and the other operates on the boolean property. Whenever I modify the boolean property, the converter's Convert method is called, where as the same is not called if I modify the observable collection. What am I missing?? Snippets for your reference, xaml snipet, <Window.Resources> <local:WrapPanelWidthConverter x:Key="WrapPanelWidthConverter" /> <local:StateToColorConverter x:Key="StateToColorConverter" /> </Window.Resources> <StackPanel> <ListBox x:Name="NamesListBox" ItemsSource="{Binding Path=Names}"> <ListBox.ItemsPanel> <ItemsPanelTemplate> <WrapPanel x:Name="ItemWrapPanel" Width="500" Background="Gray"> <WrapPanel.RenderTransform> <TranslateTransform x:Name="WrapPanelTranslatation" X="0" /> </WrapPanel.RenderTransform> <WrapPanel.Triggers> <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="WrapPanel.Loaded"> <BeginStoryboard> <Storyboard> <DoubleAnimation Storyboard.TargetName="WrapPanelTranslatation" Storyboard.TargetProperty="X" To="{Binding Path=Names,Converter={StaticResource WrapPanelWidthConverter}}" From="525" Duration="0:0:2" RepeatBehavior="100" /> </Storyboard> </BeginStoryboard> </EventTrigger> </WrapPanel.Triggers> </WrapPanel> </ItemsPanelTemplate> </ListBox.ItemsPanel> <ListBox.ItemTemplate> <DataTemplate> <Grid> <Label Content="{Binding}" Width="50" Background="LightGray" /> </Grid> </DataTemplate> </ListBox.ItemTemplate> </ListBox> <Button Content="{Binding Path=State}" Background="{Binding Path=State, Converter={StaticResource StateToColorConverter}}" Width="100" Height="100" Click="Button_Click" /> </StackPanel> code behind snippet public class WrapPanelWidthConverter : IValueConverter { public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) { ObservableCollection<string> aNames = value as ObservableCollection<string>; return -(aNames.Count * 50); } public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } } public class StateToColorConverter : IValueConverter { public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) { bool aState = (bool)value; if (aState) return Brushes.Green; else return Brushes.Red; } public object ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } }

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  • jquery addresses and live method

    - by Jay
    //deep linking $.fn.ajaxAnim = function() { $(this).animW(); $(this).html('<div class="load-prog">loading...</div>'); } $("document").ready(function(){ contM = $('#main-content'); contS = $('#second-content'); $(contM).hide(); $(contM).addClass('hidden'); $(contS).hide(); $(contS).addClass('hidden'); function loadURL(URL) { //console.log("loadURL: " + URL); $.ajax({ url: URL, beforeSend: function(){$(contM).ajaxAnim();}, type: "POST", dataType: 'html', data: {post_loader: 1}, success: function(data){ $(contM).html(data); $('.post-content').initializeScroll(); } }); } // Event handlers $.address.init(function(event) { //console.log("init: " + $('[rel=address:' + event.value + ']').attr('href')); }).change(function(event) { evVal = event.value; if(evVal == '/'){return false;} else{ $.ajax({ url: $('[rel=address:' + evVal + ']').attr('href'), beforeSend: function(){$(contM).ajaxAnim();}, type: "POST", dataType: 'html', data: {post_loader: 1}, success: function(data){ $(contM).html(data); $('.post-content').initializeScroll(); }}); } //console.log("change"); }) $('.update-main a, a.update-main').live('click', function(){ loadURL($(this).attr('href')); return false; }); $(".update-second a, a.update-second").live('click', function() { var link = $(this); $.ajax({ url: link.attr("href"), beforeSend: function(){$(contS).ajaxAnim();}, type: "POST", dataType: 'html', data: {post_loader: 1}, success: function(data){ $(contS).html(data); $('.post-content').initializeScroll(); }}); return false; }); }); I'm using jquery addresses to update content while maintaining a useful url. When clicking on links in a main nav, the url is updated properly, but when links are loaded dynamically with ajax, the url address function breaks. I have made 'click' events live, allowing for content to be loaded via dynamically loaded links, but I can't seem to make the address event listener live, but this seems to be the only way to make this work. Is my syntax wrong if I change this : $.address.change(function(event) { to this: $.address.live('change', function(event) { or does the live method not work with this plugin?

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  • Java JFrame method pack() problem

    - by Oliver
    Hi, I have a frame with 4 JPanels and 1 JScrollPane, the 4 panels are in border layout north, east, south, west and the scrollpane in the center. I have been trying to get the pack method for a frame fuctioning but when run you just get the title bar of the window. Any Ideas? Thank you in advance. JFrame conFrame; JPanel panel1; JPanel panel2; JPanel panel3; JPanel panel4; JScrollPane listPane; JList list; Object namesAr[]; ... ... ... namesAr= namesA.toArray(); list = new JList(namesAr); list.setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_SELECTION); list.setLayoutOrientation(JList.HORIZONTAL_WRAP); list.setVisibleRowCount(-3); list.addListSelectionListener(this); listPane = new JScrollPane(list); panel1 = new JPanel(); panel2 = new JPanel(); panel3 = new JPanel(); panel4 = new JPanel(); conFrame.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); panel1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(100, 100)); panel2.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(100, 100)); panel3.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(100, 100)); panel4.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(100, 100)); panel1.setBackground(Color.red); panel2.setBackground(Color.red); panel3.setBackground(Color.red); panel4.setBackground(Color.red); conFrame.pack(); conFrame.add(panel1, BorderLayout.NORTH); conFrame.add(panel2, BorderLayout.EAST); conFrame.add(panel3, BorderLayout.SOUTH); conFrame.add(panel4, BorderLayout.WEST); conFrame.add(listPane, BorderLayout.CENTER); conFrame.setVisible(true);

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  • Map refresh problem mapview.invalidate() method is not working

    - by RockOn
    Hi friends! In my application I tried to search diff map location using diff lat and long. First time the application show the map but wen i change the lat long and try to invalidate the mapview using diff lat long, map is not refreshed. Below is my code please have a look and suggest accordingly: //Source code protected void onCreate(Bundle icicle) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(icicle); setContentView(R.layout.main); infoTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.infoTextView); // Finding Current Location locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE); locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 1l, 1l, this); Location location = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation("gps"); // mock location by hard-code if DDMS has not sent a fake loc to the emulator. if (location == null) { lat = 13.6972 * 1E6; lng = 100.5150 * 1E6; } else { // get real location if can retrieve the location sent by DDMS or GPS lat = location.getLatitude() * 1E6; lng = location.getLongitude() * 1E6; } setGPSLocation(lat, lng); } //This is the function which I am calling with different lat and long public void setGPSLocation(Double lati, Double longi) { lat = lati; lng = longi; System.out.println("Latitude :"+ lat +" Longitude :"+lng); // Prepare text being shown String tmpLoc = LOC_INFO_TEMPLATE; tmpLoc = tmpLoc.replace("lg", String.valueOf(lng)); tmpLoc = tmpLoc.replace("lt", String.valueOf(lat)); infoTextView.setText(tmpLoc); // Setup Zoom/Hide Buttons linearLayout = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.zoomview); mapView = (MapView) findViewById(R.id.mapview); mapView.invalidate(); mapView.setBuiltInZoomControls(true); //new by me mapView.setSatellite(true); // Set satellite view mZoom = (ZoomControls) mapView.getZoomControls(); linearLayout.addView(mZoom); // Setup Marker mapOverlays = mapView.getOverlays(); drawable = this.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.marker); itemizedOverlay = new MyItemizedOverlay(drawable); GeoPoint point = new GeoPoint(lat.intValue(), lng.intValue()); OverlayItem overlayitem = new OverlayItem(point, "", ""); itemizedOverlay.addOverlay(overlayitem); mapOverlays.add(itemizedOverlay); // Centralize Current Location myMapController = mapView.getController(); myMapController.setZoom(DEFAULT_ZOOM_NUM); centerlizeCurrentLocation(point); } Any suggest is truly appreciable.

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  • Help choosing authentication method

    - by Dima
    I need to choose an authentication method for an application installed and integrated in customers environment. There are two types of environments - windows and linux/unix. Application is user based, no web stuff, pure Java. The requirement is to authenticate users which will use my application against customer provided user base. Meaning, customer installs my app, but uses his own users to grant or deny access to my app. Typical, right? I have three options to consider and I need to pick up the one which would be a) the most flexible to cover most common modern environments and b) would take least effort while stay robust and standard. Option (1) - Authenticate locally managing user credentials in some local storage, e.g. file. Customer would then add his users to my application and it will then check the passwords. Simple, clumsy but would work. Customers would have to punch every user they want to grant access to my app using some UI we will have to provide. Lots of work for me, headache to the customer. Option (2) - Use LDAP authentication. Customers would tell my app where to look for users and I will walk their directory resolving names into user names and trying to bind with found password. This is better approach IMO, but more fragile because I will have to walk an unknown directory structure and who knows if this will be permitted everywhere. Would be harder to test since there are many LDAP implementation out there, last thing I want is drowning in this voodoo. Option(3) - Use plain Kerberos authentication. Customers would tell my app what realm (domain) and which KDC (key distribution center) to use. In ideal world these two parameters would be all I need to set while customers could use their own administration tools to configure domain and kdc. My application would simply delegate user credentials to this third party (using JAAS or Spring security) and consider success when third party is happy with them. I personally prefer #3, but not sure what surprises I might face. Would this cover windows and *nix systems entirely? Is there another option to consider?

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  • Problem with return 2 libc method

    - by jth
    Hi, I'am trying to understand the return2libc method. I'am using an ubuntu linux 9.10, 32 bit with ASLR disabled. In theory, it sounds quite easy, overwrite the saved eip with the address of system() (or whatever function you want), then put the address to which system() should return and after that, the parameter for system, the "/bin/bash"-string. But what happens is that my exploit keeps segfaulting the vulnerable program. I assume something with the system()-address went wrong. This is what I did so far: Determined the address of system(): (gdb) print system $1 = {<text variable, no debug info>} 0x167020 <system> (gdb) x/x system 0x167020 <system>: 0x890cec83 I used the subsequent x/x system because those 3 bytes returned by print system looks like an index in some sort of jumptable (PLT?), so I assume 0x890cec83 is the right address which is used to overwrite the saved eip. After that I determined the address of the /bin/bash string in memory, using a small C program which basically consists of this line: printf("Address of string /bin/bash: %p\n", getenv("SHELL")); Then I looked a little bit around in the memory and fount /bin/bash: (gdb) x/s 0xbffff6ca 0xbffff6ca: "/bin/bash" After I gathered this information, I filled the buffer: (gdb) b 9 Breakpoint 1 at 0x8048407: file victim.c, line 9. (gdb) r `perl -e 'print "A"x9 . "\x83\xec\x0c\x89FAKE\xca\f6\ff\bf";'` Breakpoint 1, main (argc=1111638594, argv=0xc360cca) at victim.c:10 10 return 0; (gdb) x/s 0xbffff6ca 0xbffff6ca: "/bin/bash" Stack frame looks like this: (gdb) i f Stack level 0, frame at 0xbffff440: eip = 0x8048407 in main (victim.c:10); saved eip 0x890cec83 source language c. Arglist at 0xbffff438, args: argc=1111638594, argv=0xc360cca Locals at 0xbffff438, Previous frame's sp is 0xbffff440 Saved registers: ebp at 0xbffff438, eip at 0xbffff43c This seems all right to me, saved eip was overwritten with the (hopefully) correct system()-address, return address for system was set to "FAKE" (shouldn't matter) and the address of /bin/bash also seems to be correct. When I'am continuing the execution, victim segfaults on some strange address and certainly not in 0x890cec83: (gdb) cont Continuing. Program received signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault. 0x0804840d in main (argc=Cannot access memory at address 0x41414149 ) at victim.c:11 11 } Has anyone an explanation or a hint what happens here and why the execution isn't redirected to 0x890cec83? Thanks in advance, any hint, and be it only vague, would be appreciated. I have no idea why this doesn't work.

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  • PHP: How to implement a __get-like method for local function variables

    - by Tom Frost
    I'm no stranger to __get(), and have used it to make some very convenient libraries in the past. However, I'm faced with a new challenge (PHP 5.3, abbreviated and simplified my code for this question): <?php namespace test; class View { function __construct($filename, $varArray) { $this->filename = $filename; $this->varArray = $varArray; } function display() { include($this->filename); } function __get($varName) { if (isset($this->varArray[$varName])) return $this->varArray[$varName]; return "?? $varname ??"; } } ?> Above is a very, very simplified system for loading a View. This code would call the view and display it: <?php require_once("View.php"); use test\View; $view = new View("views/myview.php", array("user" => "Tom")); $view->display(); ?> My goal for this code is to allow the view "myview.php" to contain code like this: <p> Hello <?php echo $user; ?>! Your E-mail is <?php echo $email; ?> </p> And, used with the above code, this would output "Hello Tom! Your E-mail is ?? email ??" However, this won't work. The view is being included within a class method, so when it refers to $user and $email, it's looking for local function variables -- not variables belonging to the View class. For this reason, __get never gets triggered. I could change all my view's variables to things like $this-user and $this-email, but that would be a messy and unintuitive solution. I'd love to find a way where I can reference variables directly WITHOUT having PHP throw an error when an undefined variable is used. Thoughts? Is there a clean way to do this, or am I forced to resort to hacky solutions?

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  • Why an object declared in method is subject to garbage collection before the method returns?

    - by SiLent SoNG
    Consider an object declared in a method: public void foo() { final Object obj = new Object(); // A long run job that consumes tons of memory and // triggers garbage collection } Will obj be subject to garbage collection before foo() returns? UPDATE: Previously I thought obj is not subject to garbage collection until foo() returns. However, today I find myself wrong. I have spend several hours in fixing a bug and finally found the problem is caused by obj garbage collected! Can anyone explain why this happens? And if I want obj to be pinned how to achieve it? Here is the code that has problem. public class Program { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String connectionString = "jdbc:mysql://<whatever>"; // I find wrap is gc-ed somewhere SqlConnection wrap = new SqlConnection(connectionString); Connection con = wrap.currentConnection(); Statement stmt = con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY, ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY); stmt.setFetchSize(Integer.MIN_VALUE); ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("select instance_id, doc_id from crawler_archive.documents"); while (rs.next()) { int instanceID = rs.getInt(1); int docID = rs.getInt(2); if (docID % 1000 == 0) { System.out.println(docID); } } rs.close(); //wrap.close(); } } After running the Java program, it will print the following message before it crashes: 161000 161000 ******************************** Finalizer CALLED!! ******************************** ******************************** Close CALLED!! ******************************** 162000 Exception in thread "main" com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: And here is the code of class SqlConnection: class SqlConnection { private final String connectionString; private Connection connection; public SqlConnection(String connectionString) { this.connectionString = connectionString; } public synchronized Connection currentConnection() throws SQLException { if (this.connection == null || this.connection.isClosed()) { this.closeConnection(); this.connection = DriverManager.getConnection(connectionString); } return this.connection; } protected void finalize() throws Throwable { try { System.out.println("********************************"); System.out.println("Finalizer CALLED!!"); System.out.println("********************************"); this.close(); } finally { super.finalize(); } } public void close() { System.out.println("********************************"); System.out.println("Close CALLED!!"); System.out.println("********************************"); this.closeConnection(); } protected void closeConnection() { if (this.connection != null) { try { connection.close(); } catch (Throwable e) { } finally { this.connection = null; } } } }

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  • Static method not called

    - by Smile
    I'm trying to call a static method (printABC()) in this class but it's not working. If I uncomment both of the lines marked T_T (1 and 2), it works! Why does it fail with only one of the lines? import java.util.Scanner; class pro0009 { static Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); static int A,B,C; static void printABC(){ String ABC = in.nextLine(); ABC=ABC.replace("A"," "+A+" "); ABC=ABC.replace("B"," "+B+" "); ABC=ABC.replace("C"," "+C+" "); //System.out.print(ABC.substring(1)); System.out.print(ABC); } public static void main(String[] args){ int x = in.nextInt(); //1 int y = in.nextInt(); //2 int z = in.nextInt(); //3 if(x<y){//1<2 if(x<z){ //1<3 if(y<z){//x<y<z 2<3 //1<2<3 A=x; B=y; C=z; printABC();//T_T 1 System.out.println("Here"); //pro0009.printABC();//T_T 2 //System.out.println("Here2"); }else{ //x<z<y A=x; B=z; C=y; } }else{//z<x<y A=z; B=x; C=y; } }else{//y<x if(y<z){ if(x<z){//y<x<z A=y; B=x; C=z; }else{//y<z<x A=y; B=z; C=x; } }else{//z<y<x A=z; B=y; C=x; } } } }

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  • A better UPDATE method in LINQ to SQL

    - by Refracted Paladin
    The below is a typical, for me, Update method in L2S. I am still fairly new to a lot of this(L2S & business app development) but this just FEELs wrong. Like there MUST be a smarter way of doing this. Unfortunately, I am having trouble visualizing it and am hoping someone can provide an example or point me in the right direction. To take a stab in the dark, would I have a Person Object that has all these fields as Properties? Then what, though? Is that redundant since L2S already mapped my Person Table to a Class? Is this just 'how it goes', that you eventually end up passing 30 parameters(or MORE) to an UPDATE statement at some point? For reference, this is a business app using C#, WinForms, .Net 3.5, and L2S over SQL 2005 Standard. Here is a typical Update Call for me. This is in a file(BLLConnect.cs) with other CRUD methods. Connect is the name of the DB that holds tblPerson When a user clicks save() this is what is eventually called with all of these fields having, potentially, been updated-- public static void UpdatePerson(int personID, string userID, string titleID, string firstName, string middleName, string lastName, string suffixID, string ssn, char gender, DateTime? birthDate, DateTime? deathDate, string driversLicenseNumber, string driversLicenseStateID, string primaryRaceID, string secondaryRaceID, bool hispanicOrigin, bool citizenFlag, bool veteranFlag, short ? residencyCountyID, short? responsibilityCountyID, string emailAddress, string maritalStatusID) { using (var context = ConnectDataContext.Create()) { var personToUpdate = (from person in context.tblPersons where person.PersonID == personID select person).Single(); personToUpdate.TitleID = titleID; personToUpdate.FirstName = firstName; personToUpdate.MiddleName = middleName; personToUpdate.LastName = lastName; personToUpdate.SuffixID = suffixID; personToUpdate.SSN = ssn; personToUpdate.Gender = gender; personToUpdate.BirthDate = birthDate; personToUpdate.DeathDate = deathDate; personToUpdate.DriversLicenseNumber = driversLicenseNumber; personToUpdate.DriversLicenseStateID = driversLicenseStateID; personToUpdate.PrimaryRaceID = primaryRaceID; personToUpdate.SecondaryRaceID = secondaryRaceID; personToUpdate.HispanicOriginFlag = hispanicOrigin; personToUpdate.CitizenFlag = citizenFlag; personToUpdate.VeteranFlag = veteranFlag; personToUpdate.ResidencyCountyID = residencyCountyID; personToUpdate.ResponsibilityCountyID = responsibilityCountyID; personToUpdate.EmailAddress = emailAddress; personToUpdate.MaritalStatusID = maritalStatusID; personToUpdate.UpdateUserID = userID; personToUpdate.UpdateDateTime = DateTime.Now; context.SubmitChanges(); } }

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  • How to perform gui operation in doInBackground method?

    - by jM2.me
    My application reads a user selected file which contains addresses and then displays on mapview when done geocoding. To avoid hanging app the importing and geocoding is done in AsyncTask. public class LoadOverlayAsync extends AsyncTask<Uri, Integer, StopsOverlay> { Context context; MapView mapView; Drawable drawable; public LoadOverlayAsync(Context con, MapView mv, Drawable dw) { context = con; mapView = mv; drawable = dw; } protected StopsOverlay doInBackground(Uri... uris) { StringBuilder text = new StringBuilder(); StopsOverlay stopsOverlay = new StopsOverlay(drawable, context); Geocoder geo = new Geocoder(context, Locale.US); try { File file = new File(new URI(uris[0].toString())); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file)); String line; while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) { StopOverlay stopOverlay = null; String[] tempLine = line.split("~"); List<Address> results = geo.getFromLocationName(tempLine[4] + " " + tempLine[5] + " " + tempLine[7] + " " + tempLine[8], 10); if (results.size() > 0) { Toast progressToast = Toast.makeText(context, "More than one yo", 1000); progressToast.show(); } else if (results.size() == 1) { Address addr = results.get(0); GeoPoint mPoint = new GeoPoint((int)(addr.getLatitude() * 1E6), (int)(addr.getLongitude() * 1E6)); stopOverlay = new StopOverlay(mPoint, tempLine); } if (stopOverlay != null) { stopsOverlay.addOverlay(stopOverlay); } //List<Address> results = geo.getFromLocationName(locationName, maxResults) } } catch (URISyntaxException e) { showErrorToast(e.toString()); //e.printStackTrace(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { showErrorToast(e.toString()); //e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { showErrorToast(e.toString()); //e.printStackTrace(); } return stopsOverlay; } protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progress) { Toast progressToast = Toast.makeText(context, "Loaded " + progress.toString(), 1000); progressToast.show(); } protected void onPostExecute(StopsOverlay so) { //mapView.getOverlays().add(so); Toast progressToast = Toast.makeText(context, "Done geocoding", 1000); progressToast.show(); } protected void showErrorToast(String msg) { Toast Newtoast = Toast.makeText(context, msg, 10000); Newtoast.show(); } } But if geocode fails, I want a dialog popup to let user edit the address. That would require calling on gui method while in doInBackground. What would be a good workaround this?

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  • passing a class method as opposed to a function in std::sort

    - by memC
    hi, Within a class, I am trying to sort a vector, by passing a method of the same class. But it gives errors at the time of compilation. Can anyone tell what the problem is? Thank you! it gives the following error: argument of type bool (Sorter::)(D&, D&)' does not matchbool (Sorter::*)(D&, D&)' I have also tried using sortBynumber(D const& d1, D const& d2) #include<vector> #include<stdio.h> #include<iostream> #include<algorithm> class D { public: int getNumber(); D(int val); ~D(){}; private: int num; }; D::D(int val){ num = val; }; int D::getNumber(){ return num; }; class Sorter { public: void doSorting(); bool sortByNumber(D& d1, D& d2); std::vector<D> vec_D; Sorter(); ~Sorter(){}; private: int num; }; Sorter::Sorter(){ int i; for ( i = 0; i < 10; i++){ vec_D.push_back(D(i)); } }; bool Sorter::sortByNumber(D& d1, D& d2){ return d1.getNumber() < d2.getNumber(); }; void Sorter::doSorting(){ std::sort(vec_D.begin(), vec_D.end(), this->sortByNumber); }; int main(){ Sorter s; s.doSorting(); std::cout << "\nPress RETURN to continue..."; std::cin.get(); return 0; }

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  • nodejs async.waterfall method

    - by user1513388
    Update 2 Complete code listing var request = require('request'); var cache = require('memory-cache'); var async = require('async'); var server = '172.16.221.190' var user = 'admin' var password ='Passw0rd' var dn ='\\VE\\Policy\\Objects' var jsonpayload = {"Username": user, "Password": password} async.waterfall([ //Get the API Key function(callback){ request.post({uri: 'http://' + server +'/sdk/authorize/', json: jsonpayload, headers: {'content_type': 'application/json'} }, function (e, r, body) { callback(null, body.APIKey); }) }, //List the credential objects function(apikey, callback){ var jsonpayload2 = {"ObjectDN": dn, "Recursive": true} request.post({uri: 'http://' + server +'/sdk/Config/enumerate?apikey=' + apikey, json: jsonpayload2, headers: {'content_type': 'application/json'} }, function (e, r, body) { var dns = []; for (var i = 0; i < body.Objects.length; i++) { dns.push({'name': body.Objects[i].Name, 'dn': body.Objects[i].DN}) } callback(null, dns, apikey); }) }, function(dns, apikey, callback){ // console.log(dns) var cb = []; for (var i = 0; i < dns.length; i++) { //Retrieve the credential var jsonpayload3 = {"CredentialPath": dns[i].dn, "Pattern": null, "Recursive": false} console.log(dns[i].dn) request.post({uri: 'http://' + server +'/sdk/credentials/retrieve?apikey=' + apikey, json: jsonpayload3, headers: {'content_type': 'application/json'} }, function (e, r, body) { // console.log(body) cb.push({'cl': body.Classname}) callback(null, cb, apikey); console.log(cb) }); } } ], function (err, result) { // console.log(result) // result now equals 'done' }); Update: I'm building a small application that needs to make multiple HTTP calls to a an external API and amalgamates the results into a single object or array. e.g. Connect to endpoint and get auth key - pass auth key to step 2 Connect to endpoint using auth key and get JSON results - create an object containing summary results and pass to step 3. Iterate over passed object summary results and call API for each item in the object to get detailed information for each summary line Create a single JSON data structure that contains the summary and detail information. The original question below outlines what I've tried so far! Original Question: Will the async.waterfall method support multiple callbacks? i.e. Iterate over an array thats passed from a previous item in the chain, then invoke multiple http requests each of which would have their own callbacks. e.g, sync.waterfall([ function(dns, key, callback){ var cb = []; for (var i = 0; i < dns.length; i++) { //Retrieve the credential var jsonpayload3 = {"Cred": dns[i].DN, "Pattern": null, "Recursive": false} console.log(dns[i].DN) request.post({uri: 'http://' + vedserver +'/api/cred/retrieve?apikey=' + key, json: jsonpayload3, headers: {'content_type': 'application/json'} }, function (e, r, body) { console.log(body) cb.push({'cl': body.Classname}) callback(null, cb, key); }); } }

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  • how to use method in AsyncTask in android?

    - by J.R.P
    In my application use JASON webservice to get data from Google Navigarion api. I use the Code is below. i got Exception android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException. how to use AsyncTask? here is my code. Thanks.`public class MainActivity extends MapActivity { MapView mapView ; public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); System.out.println("*************1**************1"); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); System.out.println("*************2**************"); mapView = (MapView) findViewById(R.id.mapv); System.out.println("*************3**************"); Route route = directions(new GeoPoint((int)(26.2*1E6),(int)(50.6*1E6)), new GeoPoint((int)(26.3*1E6),(int)(50.7*1E6))); RouteOverlay routeOverlay = new RouteOverlay(route, Color.BLUE); mapView.getOverlays().add(routeOverlay); mapView.invalidate(); System.out.println("*************4**************"); } @SuppressLint("ParserError") private Route directions(final GeoPoint start, final GeoPoint dest) { //https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/directions/#JSON <- get api String jsonURL = "http://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/directions/json?"; final StringBuffer sBuf = new StringBuffer(jsonURL); sBuf.append("origin="); sBuf.append(start.getLatitudeE6()/1E6); sBuf.append(','); sBuf.append(start.getLongitudeE6()/1E6); sBuf.append("&destination="); sBuf.append(dest.getLatitudeE6()/1E6); sBuf.append(','); sBuf.append(dest.getLongitudeE6()/1E6); sBuf.append("&sensor=true&mode=driving"); Parser parser = new GoogleParser(sBuf.toString()); Route r = parser.parse(); System.out.println("********r in thread*****" +r); return r; } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu); return true; } @Override protected boolean isRouteDisplayed() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return false; } } `

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  • How to make a pause before continuing method

    - by user1766728
    Now, I know that this has been asked, but I need to know how to do this NOT on html or anything. Heres my code, not including all of the other java files. package rtype; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import java.util.ArrayList; import javax.swing.ImageIcon; public class aa { private int xd; private int yd; private int dx; private int dy; private int x; private int y; private Image image; private ArrayList missiles; private final int CRAFT_SIZE = 70; public aa() { ImageIcon ii = new ImageIcon(this.getClass().getResource("/aa.png")); image = ii.getImage(); missiles = new ArrayList(); x = 10; y = 10; xd = -14; yd = 140; } public void move() { if(y >=xd) y += dx; else if(y < xd) y += 1; if(y <=yd) y += dy; else if(y > yd) y += -1; } public int getX() { return x; } public int getY() { return y; } public Image getImage() { return image; } public ArrayList getMissiles() { return missiles; } public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { int key = e.getKeyCode(); if (key == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE) { fire(); } if (key == KeyEvent.VK_UP) { dy = -1; } if (key == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) { dy = 1; } if (key == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) { yd++; } if (key == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) { yd--; } if (key == KeyEvent.VK_W) { xd++; } if (key == KeyEvent.VK_S) { xd--; } } public void fire() { try{ missiles.add(new Missle(x + CRAFT_SIZE, y + CRAFT_SIZE)); }catch(Exception e){} } public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) { int key = e.getKeyCode(); if (key == KeyEvent.VK_UP) { dy = 0; } if (key == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) { dy = 0; } } } So, at the method, fire(), I want to make it delay between shots. HOW? sorry if this is n00bish

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  • how to return success message in session variaible using jquery.get() method

    - by I Like PHP
    Hello All, i m using jQuery.get() to delete row from a table from a page main.php. now i want to show success message after deleting row ,that success message should be in session variable($_session['suxesMsg']) how do i set success message on a session variable and show on specific span ? or is there any other method in jQuery that a message appear for 5-10 seconds only and then disappear? Here is my code main.php <?php if($_SESSION['suxesMsg']!='') { ?> <span class="msg"> <?php echo $_SESSION['suxesMsg'];unset($_SESSION['suxesMsg']); } ?> </span> <table border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" id="promotionTable"> <tr> <td align="left"><img border='0' src='images/just.gif'/>First Promotion</td> <td align="center" >View Detail</td> <td align="center" id="deleteMe"> <img src='images/delete.png' alt='Delete' width='14' height='14'id="45"/> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="left"><img border='0' src='images/just.gif'/>First Promotion</td> <td align="center" >View Detail</td> <td align="center" id="deleteMe"> <img src='images/delete.png' alt='Delete' width='14' height='14' id="48"/> </td> </tr> </table> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(document).ready(function(){ jQuery('#deleteMe img').click( function() { if(!confirm('Want to delete!')) return; jQuery.get('deleteThis.php', {oid:this.id}); jQuery(this).parent().parent().fadeTo(400, 0, function() { jQuery(this).remove(); }); }); </script> deleteThis.php if(isset($_GET[oid])) { $offerID=$_GET[oid]; $delsql="DELETE FROM some_table WHERE promotion_id=".$offerID; $db->query($delsql); $_SESSION['suxesMsg'] = "Promotion deleted sucessfully."; } Thanks for helping me alwayz

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