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SQLAuthority News – TechEd India – April 12-14, 2010 Bangalore – An Unforgettable Experience – An Op

- by pinaldave

TechEd India was one of the largest Technology events in India led by Microsoft. This event was attended by more than 3,000 technology enthusiasts, making it one of the most well-organized events of the year. Though I attempted to attend almost all the technology events here, I have not seen any bigger or better event in Indian subcontinents other than this. There are 21 Technical Tracks at Tech·Ed India 2010 that span more than 745 learning opportunities. I was fortunate enough to be a part of this whole event as a speaker and a delegate, as well. TechEd India Speaker Badge and A Token of Lifetime Hotel Selection I presented three different sessions at TechEd India and was also a part of panel discussion. (The details of the sessions are given at the end of this blog post.) Due to extensive traveling, I stay away from my family occasionally. For this reason, I took my wife – Nupur and daughter Shaivi (8 months old) to the event along with me. We stayed at the same hotel where the event was organized so as to maximize my time bonding with my family and to have more time in networking with technology community, at the same time. The hotel Lalit Ashok is the largest and most luxurious venue one can find in Bangalore, located in the middle of the city. The cost of the hotel was a bit pricey, but looking at all the advantages, I had decided to ask for a booking there. Hotel Lalit Ashok Nupur Dave and Shaivi Dave Arrival Day – DAY 0 – April 11, 2010 I reached the event a day earlier, and that was one wise decision for I was able to relax a bit and go over my presentation for the next day’s course. I am a kind of person who likes to get everything ready ahead of time. I was also able to enjoy a pleasant evening with several Microsoft employees and my family friends. I even checked out the location where I would be doing presentations the next day. I was fortunate enough to meet Bijoy Singhal from Microsoft who helped me out with a few of the logistics issues that occured the day before. I was not aware of the fact that the very next day he was going to be “The Man” of the TechEd 2010 event. Vinod Kumar from Microsoft was really very kind as he talked to me regarding my subsequent session. He gave me some suggestions which were really helpful that I was able to incorporate them during my presentation. Finally, I was able to meet Abhishek Kant from Microsoft; his valuable suggestions and unlimited passion have inspired many people like me to work with the Community. Pradipta from Microsoft was also around, being extremely busy with logistics; however, in those busy times, he did find some good spare time to have a chat with me and the other Community leaders. I also met Harish Ranganathan and Sachin Rathi, both from Microsoft. It was so interesting to listen to both of them talking about SharePoint. I just have no words to express my overwhelmed spirit because of all these passionate young guys - Pradipta,Vinod, Bijoy, Harish, Sachin and Ahishek (of course!). Map of TechEd India 2010 Event Day 1 – April 12, 2010 From morning until night time, today was truly a very busy day for me. I had two presentations and one panel discussion for the day. Needless to say, I had a few meetings to attend as well. The day started with a keynote from S. Somaseger where he announced the launch of Visual Studio 2010. The keynote area was really eye-catching because of the very large, bigger-than- life uniform screen. This was truly one to show. The title music of the keynote was very interesting and it featured Bijoy Singhal as the model. It was interesting to talk to him afterwards, when we laughed at jokes together about his modeling assignment. TechEd India Keynote Opening Featuring Bijoy TechEd India 2010 Keynote – S. Somasegar Time: 11:15pm – 11:45pm Session 1: True Lies of SQL Server – SQL Myth Buster Following the excellent keynote, I had my very first session on the subject of SQL Server Myth Buster. At first, I was a bit nervous as right after the keynote, for this was my very first session and during my presentation I saw lots of Microsoft Product Team members. Well, it really went well and I had a really good discussion with attendees of the session. I felt that a well begin was half-done and my confidence was regained. Right after the session, I met a few of my Community friends and had meaningful discussions with them on many subjects. The abstract of the session is as follows: In this 30-minute demo session, I am going to briefly demonstrate few SQL Server Myths and their resolutions as I back them up with some demo. This demo presentation is a must-attend for all developers and administrators who would come to the event. This is going to be a very quick yet fun session. Pinal Presenting session at TechEd India 2010 Time: 1:00 PM – 2:00 PM Lunch with Somasegar After the session I went to see my daughter, and then I headed right away to the lunch with S. Somasegar – the keynote speaker and senior vice president of the Developer Division at Microsoft. I really thank to Abhishek who made it possible for us. Because of his efforts, all the MVPs had the opportunity to meet such a legendary person and had to talk with them on Microsoft Technology. Though Somasegar is currently holding such a high position in Microsoft, he is very polite and a real gentleman, and how I wish that everybody in industry is like him. Believe me, if you spread love and kindness, then that is what you will receive back. As soon as lunch time was over, I ran to the session hall as my second presentation was about to start. Time: 2:30pm – 3:30pm Session 2: Master Data Services in Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 Business Intelligence is a subject which was widely talked about at TechEd. Everybody was interested in this subject, and I did not excuse myself from this great concept as well. I consider myself fortunate as I was presenting on the subject of Master Data Services at TechEd. When I had initially learned this subject, I had a bit of confusion about the usage of this tool. Later on, I decided that I would tackle about how we all developers and DBAs are not able to understand something so simple such as this, and even worst, creating confusion about the technology. During system designing, it is very important to have a reference material or master lookup tables. Well, I talked about the same subject and presented the session keeping that as my center talk. The session went very well and I received lots of interesting questions. I got many compliments for talking about this subject on the real-life scenario. I really thank Rushabh Mehta (CEO, Solid Quality Mentors India) for his supportive suggestions that helped me prepare the slide deck, as well as the subject. Pinal Presenting session at TechEd India 2010 The abstract of the session is as follows: SQL Server Master Data Services will ship with SQL Server 2008 R2 and will improve Microsoft’s platform appeal. This session provides an in-depth demonstration of MDS features and highlights important usage scenarios. Master Data Services enables consistent decision-making process by allowing you to create, manage and propagate changes from a single master view of your business entities. Also, MDS – Master Data-hub which is a vital component, helps ensure the consistency of reporting across systems and deliver faster and more accurate results across the enterprise. We will talk about establishing the basis for a centralized approach to defining, deploying, and managing master data in the enterprise. Pinal Presenting session at TechEd India 2010 The day was still not over for me. I had ran into several friends but we were not able keep our enthusiasm under control about all the rumors saying that SQL Server 2008 R2 was about to be launched tomorrow in the keynote. I then ran to my third and final technical event for the day- a panel discussion with the top technologies of India. Time: 5:00pm – 6:00pm Panel Discussion: Harness the power of Web – SEO and Technical Blogging As I have delivered two technical sessions by this time, I was a bit tired but not less enthusiastic when I had to talk about Blog and Technology. We discussed many different topics there. I told them that the most important aspect for any blog is its content. We discussed in depth the issues with plagiarism and how to avoid it. Another topic of discussion was how we technology bloggers can create awareness in the Community about what the right kind of blogging is and what morally and technically wrong acts are. A couple of questions were raised about what type of liberty a person can have in terms of writing blogs. Well, it was generically agreed that a blog is mainly a representation of our ideas and thoughts; it should not be governed by external entities. As long as one is writing what they really want to say, but not providing incorrect information or not practicing plagiarism, a blogger should be allowed to express himself. This panel discussion was supposed to be over in an hour, but the interest of the participants was remarkable and so it was extended for 30 minutes more. Finally, we decided to bring to a close the discussion and agreed that we will continue the topic next year. TechEd India Panel Discussion on Web, Technology and SEO Surprisingly, the day was just beginning after doing all of these. By this time, I have almost met all the MVP who arrived at the event, as well as many Microsoft employees. There were lots of Community folks present, too. I decided that I would go to meet several friends from the Community and continue to communicate with me on SQLAuthority.com. I also met Abhishek Baxi and had a good talk with him regarding Win Mobile and Twitter. He also took a very quick video of me wherein I spoke in my mother’s tongue, Gujarati. It was funny that I talked in Gujarati almost all the day, but when I was talking in the interview I could not find the right Gujarati words to speak. I think we all think in English when we think about Technology, so as to address universality. After meeting them, I headed towards the Speakers’ Dinner. Time: 8:00 PM – onwards Speakers Dinner The Speakers’ dinner was indeed a wonderful opportunity for all the speakers to get together and relax. We talked so many different things, from XBOX to Hindi Movies, and from SQL to Samosas. I just could not express how much fun I had. After a long evening, when I returned tmy room and met Shaivi, I just felt instantly relaxed. Kids are really gifts from God. Today was a really long but exciting day. So many things happened in just one day: Visual Studio Lanch, lunch with Somasegar, 2 technical sessions, 1 panel discussion, community leaders meeting, speakers dinner and, last but not leas,t playing with my child! A perfect day! Day 2 – April 13, 2010 Today started with a bang with the excellent keynote by Kamal Hathi who launched SQL Server 2008 R2 in India and demonstrated the power of PowerPivot to all of us. 101 Million Rows in Excel brought lots of applause from the audience. Kamal Hathi Presenting Keynote at TechEd India 2010 The day was a bit easier one for me. I had no sessions today and no events planned. I had a few meetings planned for the second day of the event. I sat in the speaker’s lounge for half a day and met many people there. I attended nearly 9 different meetings today. The subjects of the meetings were very different. Here is a list of the topics of the Community-related meetings: SQL PASS and its involvement in India and subcontinents How to start community blogging Forums and developing aptitude towards technology Ahmedabad/Gandhinagar User Groups and their developments SharePoint and SQL Business Meeting – a client meeting Business Meeting – a potential performance tuning project Business Meeting – Solid Quality Mentors (SolidQ) And family friends Pinal Dave at TechEd India The day passed by so quickly during this meeting. In the evening, I headed to Partners Expo with friends and checked out few of the booths. I really wanted to talk about some of the products, but due to the freebies there was so much crowd that I finally decided to just take the contact details of the partner. I will now start sending them with my queries and, hopefully, I will have my questions answered. Nupur and Shaivi had also one meeting to attend; it was with our family friend Vijay Raj. Vijay is also a person who loves Technology and loves it more than anybody. I see him growing and learning every day, but still remaining as a ‘human’. I believe that if someone acquires as much knowledge as him, that person will become either a computer or cyborg. Here, Vijay is still a kind gentleman and is able to stay as our close family friend. Shaivi was really happy to play with Uncle Vijay. Pinal Dave and Vijay Raj Renuka Prasad, a Microsoft MVP, impressed me with his passion and knowledge of SQL. Every time he gives me credit for his success, I believe that he is very humble. He has way more certifications than me and has worked many more years with SQL compared to me. He is an excellent photographer as well. Most of the photos in this blog post have been taken by him. I told him if ever he wants to do a part time job, he can do the photography very well. Pinal Dave and Renuka Prasad I also met L Srividya from Microsoft, whom I was looking forward to meet. She is a bundle of knowledge that everyone would surely learn a lot from her. I was able to get a few minutes from her and well, I felt confident. She enlightened me with SQL Server BI concepts, domain management and SQL Server security and few other interesting details. I also had a wonderful time talking about SharePoint with fellow Solid Quality Mentor Joy Rathnayake. He is very passionate about SharePoint but when you talk .NET and SQL with him, he is still overwhelmingly knowledgeable. In fact, while talking to him, I figured out that the recent training he delivered was on SQL Server 2008 R2. I told him a joke that it hurts my ego as he is more popular now in SQL training and consulting than me. I am sure all of you agree that working with good people is a gift from God. I am fortunate enough to work with the best of the best Industry experts. It was a great pleasure to hang out with my Community friends – Ahswin Kini, HimaBindu Vejella, Vasudev G, Suprotim Agrawal, Dhananjay, Vikram Pendse, Mahesh Dhola, Mahesh Mitkari, Manu Zacharia, Shobhan, Hardik Shah, Ashish Mohta, Manan, Subodh Sohani and Sanjay Shetty (of course!) . (Please let me know if I have met you at the event and forgot your name to list here). Time: 8:00 PM – onwards Community Leaders Dinner After lots of meetings, I headed towards the Community Leaders dinner meeting and met almost all the folks I met in morning. The discussion was almost the same but the real good thing was that we were enjoying it. The food was really good. Nupur was invited in the event, but Shaivi could not come. When Nupur tried to enter the event, she was stopped as Shaivi did not have the pass to enter the dinner. Nupur expressed that Shaivi is only 8 months old and does not eat outside food as well and could not stay by herself at this age, but the door keeper did not agree and asked that without the entry details Shaivi could not go in, but Nupur could. Nupur called me on phone and asked me to help her out. By the time, I was outside; the organizer of the event reached to the door and happily approved Shaivi to join the party. Once in the party, Shaivi had lots of fun meeting so many people. Shaivi Dave and Abhishek Kant Dean Guida (Infragistics President and CEO) and Pinal Dave (SQLAuthority.com) Day 3 – April 14, 2010 Though, it was last day, I was very much excited today as I was about to present my very favorite session. Query Optimization and Performance Tuning is my domain expertise and I make my leaving by consulting and training the same. Today’s session was on the same subject and as an additional twist, another subject about Spatial Database was presented. I was always intrigued with Spatial Database and I have enjoyed learning about it; however, I have never thought about Spatial Indexing before it was decided that I will do this session. I really thank Solid Quality Mentor Dr. Greg Low for his assistance in helping me prepare the slide deck and also review the content. Furthermore, today was really what I call my ‘learning day’ . So far I had not attended any session in TechEd and I felt a bit down for that. Everybody spends their valuable time & money to learn something new and exciting in TechEd and I had not attended a single session at the moment thinking that it was already last day of the event. I did have a plan for the day and I attended two technical sessions before my session of spatial database. I attended 2 sessions of Vinod Kumar. Vinod is a natural storyteller and there was no doubt that his sessions would be jam-packed. People attended his sessions simply because Vinod is syhe speaker. He did not have a single time disappointed audience; he is truly a good speaker. He knows his stuff very well. I personally do not think that in India he can be compared to anyone for SQL. Time: 12:30pm-1:30pm SQL Server Query Optimization, Execution and Debugging Query Performance I really had a fun time attending this session. Vinod made this session very interactive. The entire audience really got into the presentation and started participating in the event. Vinod was presenting a small problem with Query Tuning, which any developer would have encountered and solved with their help in such a fashion that a developer feels he or she have already resolved it. In one question, I was the only one who was ready to answer and Vinod told me in a light tone that I am now allowed to answer it! The audience really found it very amusing. There was a huge crowd around Vinod after the session. Vinod – A master storyteller! Time: 3:45pm-4:45pm Data Recovery / consistency with CheckDB This session was much heavier than the earlier one, and I must say this is my most favorite session I EVER attended in India. In this TechEd I have only attended two sessions, but in my career, I have attended numerous technical sessions not only in India, but all over the world. This session had taken my breath away. One by one, Vinod took the different databases, and started to corrupt them in different ways. Each database has some unique ways to get corrupted. Once that was done, Vinod started to show the DBCC CEHCKDB and demonstrated how it can solve your problem. He finally fixed all the databases with this single tool. I do have a good knowledge of this subject, but let me honestly admit that I have learned a lot from this session. I enjoyed and cheered during this session along with other attendees. I had total satisfaction that, just like everyone, I took advantage of the event and learned something. I am now TECHnically EDucated. Pinal Dave and Vinod Kumar After two very interactive and informative SQL Sessions from Vinod Kumar, the next turn me presenting on Spatial Database and Indexing. I got once again nervous but Vinod told me to stay natural and do my presentation. Well, once I got a huge stage with a total of four projectors and a large crowd, I felt better. Time: 5:00pm-6:00pm Session 3: Developing with SQL Server Spatial and Deep Dive into Spatial Indexing Pinal Presenting session at TechEd India 2010 Pinal Presenting session at TechEd India 2010 I kicked off this session with Michael J Swart‘s beautiful spatial image. This session was the last one for the day but, to my surprise, I had more than 200+ attendees. Slowly, the rain was starting outside and I was worried that the hall would not be full; despite this, there was not a single seat available in the first five minutes of the session. Thanks to all of you for attending my presentation. I had demonstrated the map of world (and India) and quickly explained what Geographic and Geometry data types in Spatial Database are. This session had interesting story of Indexing and Comparison, as well as how different traditional indexes are from spatial indexing. Pinal Presenting session at TechEd India 2010 Due to the heavy rain during this event, the power went off for about 22 minutes (just an accident – nobodies fault). During these minutes, there were no audio, no video and no light. I continued to address the mass of 200+ people without any audio device and PowerPoint. I must thank the audience because not a single person left from the session. They all stayed in their place, some moved closure to listen to me properly. I noticed that the curiosity and eagerness to learn new things was at the peak even though it was the very last session of the TechEd. Everybody wanted get the maximum knowledge out of this whole event. I was touched by the support from audience. They listened and participated in my session even without any kinds of technology (no ppt, no mike, no AC, nothing). During these 22 minutes, I had completed my theory verbally. Pinal Presenting session at TechEd India 2010 After a while, we got the projector back online and we continued with some exciting demos. Many thanks to Microsoft people who worked energetically in background to get the backup power for project up. I had a very interesting demo wherein I overlaid Bangalore and Hyderabad on the India Map and find their aerial distance between them. After finding the aerial distance, we browsed online and found that SQL Server estimates the exact aerial distance between these two cities, as compared to the factual distance. There was a huge applause from the crowd on the subject that SQL Server takes into the count of the curvature of the earth and finds the precise distances based on details. During the process of finding the distance, I demonstrated a few examples of the indexes where I expressed how one can use those indexes to find these distances and how they can improve the performance of similar query. I also demonstrated few examples wherein we were able to see in which data type the Index is most useful. We finished the demos with a few more internal stuff. Pinal Presenting session at TechEd India 2010 Despite all issues, I was mostly satisfied with my presentation. I think it was the best session I have ever presented at any conference. There was no help from Technology for a while, but I still got lots of appreciation at the end. When we ended the session, the applause from the audience was so loud that for a moment, the rain was not audible. I was truly moved by the dedication of the Technology enthusiasts. Pinal Dave After Presenting session at TechEd India 2010 The abstract of the session is as follows: The Microsoft SQL Server 2008 delivers new spatial data types that enable you to consume, use, and extend location-based data through spatial-enabled applications. Attend this session to learn how to use spatial functionality in next version of SQL Server to build and optimize spatial queries. This session outlines the new geography data type to store geodetic spatial data and perform operations on it, use the new geometry data type to store planar spatial data and perform operations on it, take advantage of new spatial indexes for high performance queries, use the new spatial results tab to quickly and easily view spatial query results directly from within Management Studio, extend spatial data capabilities by building or integrating location-enabled applications through support for spatial standards and specifications and much more. Time: 8:00 PM – onwards Dinner by Sponsors After the lively session during the day, there was another dinner party courtesy of one of the sponsors of TechEd. All the MVPs and several Community leaders were present at the dinner. I would like to express my gratitude to Abhishek Kant for organizing this wonderful event for us. It was a blast and really relaxing in all angles. We all stayed there for a long time and talked about our sweet and unforgettable memories of the event. Pinal Dave and Bijoy Singhal It was really one wonderful event. After writing this much, I say that I have no words to express about how much I enjoyed TechEd. However, it is true that I shared with you only 1% of the total activities I have done at the event. There were so many people I have met, yet were not mentioned here although I wanted to write their names here, too . Anyway, I have learned so many things and up until now, I am not able to get over all the fun I had in this event. Pinal Dave at TechEd India 2010 The Next Days – April 15, 2010 – till today I am still not able to get my mind out of the whole experience I had at TechEd India 2010. It was like a whole Microsoft Family working together to celebrate a happy occasion. TechEd India – Truly An Unforgettable Experience! Reference : Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: About Me, MVP, Pinal Dave, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority Author Visit, SQLAuthority News, SQLServer, T SQL, Technology Tagged: TechEd, TechEdIn

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Red Gate Coder interviews: Alex Davies

- by Michael Williamson

Alex Davies has been a software engineer at Red Gate since graduating from university, and is currently busy working on .NET Demon. We talked about tackling parallel programming with his actors framework, a scientific approach to debugging, and how JavaScript is going to affect the programming languages we use in years to come. So, if we start at the start, how did you get started in programming? When I was seven or eight, I was given a BBC Micro for Christmas. I had asked for a Game Boy, but my dad thought it would be better to give me a proper computer. For a year or so, I only played games on it, but then I found the user guide for writing programs in it. I gradually started doing more stuff on it and found it fun. I liked creating. As I went into senior school I continued to write stuff on there, trying to write games that weren’t very good. I got a real computer when I was fourteen and found ways to write BASIC on it. Visual Basic to start with, and then something more interesting than that. How did you learn to program? Was there someone helping you out? Absolutely not! I learnt out of a book, or by experimenting. I remember the first time I found a loop, I was like “Oh my God! I don’t have to write out the same line over and over and over again any more. It’s amazing!” When did you think this might be something that you actually wanted to do as a career? For a long time, I thought it wasn’t something that you would do as a career, because it was too much fun to be a career. I thought I’d do chemistry at university and some kind of career based on chemical engineering. And then I went to a careers fair at school when I was seventeen or eighteen, and it just didn’t interest me whatsoever. I thought “I could be a programmer, and there’s loads of money there, and I’m good at it, and it’s fun”, but also that I shouldn’t spoil my hobby. Now I don’t really program in my spare time any more, which is a bit of a shame, but I program all the rest of the time, so I can live with it. Do you think you learnt much about programming at university? Yes, definitely! I went into university knowing how to make computers do anything I wanted them to do. However, I didn’t have the language to talk about algorithms, so the algorithms course in my first year was massively important. Learning other language paradigms like functional programming was really good for breadth of understanding. Functional programming influences normal programming through design rather than actually using it all the time. I draw inspiration from it to write imperative programs which I think is actually becoming really fashionable now, but I’ve been doing it for ages. I did it first! There were also some courses on really odd programming languages, a bit of Prolog, a little bit of C. Having a little bit of each of those is something that I would have never done on my own, so it was important. And then there are knowledge-based courses which are about not programming itself but things that have been programmed like TCP. Those are really important for examples for how to approach things. Did you do any internships while you were at university? Yeah, I spent both of my summers at the same company. I thought I could code well before I went there. Looking back at the crap that I produced, it was only surpassed in its crappiness by all of the other code already in that company. I’m so much better at writing nice code now than I used to be back then. Was there just not a culture of looking after your code? There was, they just didn’t hire people for their abilities in that area. They hired people for raw IQ. The first indicator of it going wrong was that they didn’t have any computer scientists, which is a bit odd in a programming company. But even beyond that they didn’t have people who learnt architecture from anyone else. Most of them had started straight out of university, so never really had experience or mentors to learn from. There wasn’t the experience to draw from to teach each other. In the second half of my second internship, I was being given tasks like looking at new technologies and teaching people stuff. Interns shouldn’t be teaching people how to do their jobs! All interns are going to have little nuggets of things that you don’t know about, but they shouldn’t consistently be the ones who know the most. It’s not a good environment to learn. I was going to ask how you found working with people who were more experienced than you… When I reached Red Gate, I found some people who were more experienced programmers than me, and that was difficult. I’ve been coding since I was tiny. At university there were people who were cleverer than me, but there weren’t very many who were more experienced programmers than me. During my internship, I didn’t find anyone who I classed as being a noticeably more experienced programmer than me. So, it was a shock to the system to have valid criticisms rather than just formatting criticisms. However, Red Gate’s not so big on the actual code review, at least it wasn’t when I started. We did an entire product release and then somebody looked over all of the UI of that product which I’d written and say what they didn’t like. By that point, it was way too late and I’d disagree with them. Do you think the lack of code reviews was a bad thing? I think if there’s going to be any oversight of new people, then it should be continuous rather than chunky. For me I don’t mind too much, I could go out and get oversight if I wanted it, and in those situations I felt comfortable without it. If I was managing the new person, then maybe I’d be keener on oversight and then the right way to do it is continuously and in very, very small chunks. Have you had any significant projects you’ve worked on outside of a job? When I was a teenager I wrote all sorts of stuff. I used to write games, I derived how to do isomorphic projections myself once. I didn’t know what the word was so I couldn’t Google for it, so I worked it out myself. It was horrifically complicated. But it sort of tailed off when I started at university, and is now basically zero. If I do side-projects now, they tend to be work-related side projects like my actors framework, NAct, which I started in a down tools week. Could you explain a little more about NAct? It is a little C# framework for writing parallel code more easily. Parallel programming is difficult when you need to write to shared data. Sometimes parallel programming is easy because you don’t need to write to shared data. When you do need to access shared data, you could just have your threads pile in and do their work, but then you would screw up the data because the threads would trample on each other’s toes. You could lock, but locks are really dangerous if you’re using more than one of them. You get interactions like deadlocks, and that’s just nasty. Actors instead allows you to say this piece of data belongs to this thread of execution, and nobody else can read it. If you want to read it, then ask that thread of execution for a piece of it by sending a message, and it will send the data back by a message. And that avoids deadlocks as long as you follow some obvious rules about not making your actors sit around waiting for other actors to do something. There are lots of ways to write actors, NAct allows you to do it as if it was method calls on other objects, which means you get all the strong type-safety that C# programmers like. Do you think that this is suitable for the majority of parallel programming, or do you think it’s only suitable for specific cases? It’s suitable for most difficult parallel programming. If you’ve just got a hundred web requests which are all independent of each other, then I wouldn’t bother because it’s easier to just spin them up in separate threads and they can proceed independently of each other. But where you’ve got difficult parallel programming, where you’ve got multiple threads accessing multiple bits of data in multiple ways at different times, then actors is at least as good as all other ways, and is, I reckon, easier to think about. When you’re using actors, you presumably still have to write your code in a different way from you would otherwise using single-threaded code. You can’t use actors with any methods that have return types, because you’re not allowed to call into another actor and wait for it. If you want to get a piece of data out of another actor, then you’ve got to use tasks so that you can use “async” and “await” to await asynchronously for it. But other than that, you can still stick things in classes so it’s not too different really. Rather than having thousands of objects with mutable state, you can use component-orientated design, where there are only a few mutable classes which each have a small number of instances. Then there can be thousands of immutable objects. If you tend to do that anyway, then actors isn’t much of a jump. If I’ve already built my system without any parallelism, how hard is it to add actors to exploit all eight cores on my desktop? Usually pretty easy. If you can identify even one boundary where things look like messages and you have components where some objects live on one side and these other objects live on the other side, then you can have a granddaddy object on one side be an actor and it will parallelise as it goes across that boundary. Not too difficult. If we do get 1000-core desktop PCs, do you think actors will scale up? It’s hard. There are always in the order of twenty to fifty actors in my whole program because I tend to write each component as actors, and I tend to have one instance of each component. So this won’t scale to a thousand cores. What you can do is write data structures out of actors. I use dictionaries all over the place, and if you need a dictionary that is going to be accessed concurrently, then you could build one of those out of actors in no time. You can use queuing to marshal requests between different slices of the dictionary which are living on different threads. So it’s like a distributed hash table but all of the chunks of it are on the same machine. That means that each of these thousand processors has cached one small piece of the dictionary. I reckon it wouldn’t be too big a leap to start doing proper parallelism. Do you think it helps if actors get baked into the language, similarly to Erlang? Erlang is excellent in that it has thread-local garbage collection. C# doesn’t, so there’s a limit to how well C# actors can possibly scale because there’s a single garbage collected heap shared between all of them. When you do a global garbage collection, you’ve got to stop all of the actors, which is seriously expensive, whereas in Erlang garbage collections happen per-actor, so they’re insanely cheap. However, Erlang deviated from all the sensible language design that people have used recently and has just come up with crazy stuff. You can definitely retrofit thread-local garbage collection to .NET, and then it’s quite well-suited to support actors, even if it’s not baked into the language. Speaking of language design, do you have a favourite programming language? I’ll choose a language which I’ve never written before. I like the idea of Scala. It sounds like C#, only with some of the niggles gone. I enjoy writing static types. It means you don’t have to writing tests so much. When you say it doesn’t have some of the niggles? C# doesn’t allow the use of a property as a method group. It doesn’t have Scala case classes, or sum types, where you can do a switch statement and the compiler checks that you’ve checked all the cases, which is really useful in functional-style programming. Pattern-matching, in other words. That’s actually the major niggle. C# is pretty good, and I’m quite happy with C#. And what about going even further with the type system to remove the need for tests to something like Haskell? Or is that a step too far? I’m quite a pragmatist, I don’t think I could deal with trying to write big systems in languages with too few other users, especially when learning how to structure things. I just don’t know anyone who can teach me, and the Internet won’t teach me. That’s the main reason I wouldn’t use it. If I turned up at a company that writes big systems in Haskell, I would have no objection to that, but I wouldn’t instigate it. What about things in C#? For instance, there’s contracts in C#, so you can try to statically verify a bit more about your code. Do you think that’s useful, or just not worthwhile? I’ve not really tried it. My hunch is that it needs to be built into the language and be quite mathematical for it to work in real life, and that doesn’t seem to have ended up true for C# contracts. I don’t think anyone who’s tried them thinks they’re any good. I might be wrong. On a slightly different note, how do you like to debug code? I think I’m quite an odd debugger. I use guesswork extremely rarely, especially if something seems quite difficult to debug. I’ve been bitten spending hours and hours on guesswork and not being scientific about debugging in the past, so now I’m scientific to a fault. What I want is to see the bug happening in the debugger, to step through the bug happening. To watch the program going from a valid state to an invalid state. When there’s a bug and I can’t work out why it’s happening, I try to find some piece of evidence which places the bug in one section of the code. From that experiment, I binary chop on the possible causes of the bug. I suppose that means binary chopping on places in the code, or binary chopping on a stage through a processing cycle. Basically, I’m very stupid about how I debug. I won’t make any guesses, I won’t use any intuition, I will only identify the experiment that’s going to binary chop most effectively and repeat rather than trying to guess anything. I suppose it’s quite top-down. Is most of the time then spent in the debugger? Absolutely, if at all possible I will never debug using print statements or logs. I don’t really hold much stock in outputting logs. If there’s any bug which can be reproduced locally, I’d rather do it in the debugger than outputting logs. And with SmartAssembly error reporting, there’s not a lot that can’t be either observed in an error report and just fixed, or reproduced locally. And in those other situations, maybe I’ll use logs. But I hate using logs. You stare at the log, trying to guess what’s going on, and that’s exactly what I don’t like doing. You have to just look at it and see does this look right or wrong. We’ve covered how you get to grip with bugs. How do you get to grips with an entire codebase? I watch it in the debugger. I find little bugs and then try to fix them, and mostly do it by watching them in the debugger and gradually getting an understanding of how the code works using my process of binary chopping. I have to do a lot of reading and watching code to choose where my slicing-in-half experiment is going to be. The last time I did it was SmartAssembly. The old code was a complete mess, but at least it did things top to bottom. There wasn’t too much of some of the big abstractions where flow of control goes all over the place, into a base class and back again. Code’s really hard to understand when that happens. So I like to choose a little bug and try to fix it, and choose a bigger bug and try to fix it. Definitely learn by doing. I want to always have an aim so that I get a little achievement after every few hours of debugging. Once I’ve learnt the codebase I might be able to fix all the bugs in an hour, but I’d rather be using them as an aim while I’m learning the codebase. If I was a maintainer of a codebase, what should I do to make it as easy as possible for you to understand? Keep distinct concepts in different places. And name your stuff so that it’s obvious which concepts live there. You shouldn’t have some variable that gets set miles up the top of somewhere, and then is read miles down to choose some later behaviour. I’m talking from a very much SmartAssembly point of view because the old SmartAssembly codebase had tons and tons of these things, where it would read some property of the code and then deal with it later. Just thousands of variables in scope. Loads of things to think about. If you can keep concepts separate, then it aids me in my process of fixing bugs one at a time, because each bug is going to more or less be understandable in the one place where it is. And what about tests? Do you think they help at all? I’ve never had the opportunity to learn a codebase which has had tests, I don’t know what it’s like! What about when you’re actually developing? How useful do you find tests in finding bugs or regressions? Finding regressions, absolutely. Running bits of code that would be quite hard to run otherwise, definitely. It doesn’t happen very often that a test finds a bug in the first place. I don’t really buy nebulous promises like tests being a good way to think about the spec of the code. My thinking goes something like “This code works at the moment, great, ship it! Ah, there’s a way that this code doesn’t work. Okay, write a test, demonstrate that it doesn’t work, fix it, use the test to demonstrate that it’s now fixed, and keep the test for future regressions.” The most valuable tests are for bugs that have actually happened at some point, because bugs that have actually happened at some point, despite the fact that you think you’ve fixed them, are way more likely to appear again than new bugs are. Does that mean that when you write your code the first time, there are no tests? Often. The chance of there being a bug in a new feature is relatively unaffected by whether I’ve written a test for that new feature because I’m not good enough at writing tests to think of bugs that I would have written into the code. So not writing regression tests for all of your code hasn’t affected you too badly? There are different kinds of features. Some of them just always work, and are just not flaky, they just continue working whatever you throw at them. Maybe because the type-checker is particularly effective around them. Writing tests for those features which just tend to always work is a waste of time. And because it’s a waste of time I’ll tend to wait until a feature has demonstrated its flakiness by having bugs in it before I start trying to test it. You can get a feel for whether it’s going to be flaky code as you’re writing it. I try to write it to make it not flaky, but there are some things that are just inherently flaky. And very occasionally, I’ll think “this is going to be flaky” as I’m writing, and then maybe do a test, but not most of the time. How do you think your programming style has changed over time? I’ve got clearer about what the right way of doing things is. I used to flip-flop a lot between different ideas. Five years ago I came up with some really good ideas and some really terrible ideas. All of them seemed great when I thought of them, but they were quite diverse ideas, whereas now I have a smaller set of reliable ideas that are actually good for structuring code. So my code is probably more similar to itself than it used to be back in the day, when I was trying stuff out. I’ve got more disciplined about encapsulation, I think. There are operational things like I use actors more now than I used to, and that forces me to use immutability more than I used to. The first code that I wrote in Red Gate was the memory profiler UI, and that was an actor, I just didn’t know the name of it at the time. I don’t really use object-orientation. By object-orientation, I mean having n objects of the same type which are mutable. I want a constant number of objects that are mutable, and they should be different types. I stick stuff in dictionaries and then have one thing that owns the dictionary and puts stuff in and out of it. That’s definitely a pattern that I’ve seen recently. I think maybe I’m doing functional programming. Possibly. It’s plausible. If you had to summarise the essence of programming in a pithy sentence, how would you do it? Programming is the form of art that, without losing any of the beauty of architecture or fine art, allows you to produce things that people love and you make money from. So you think it’s an art rather than a science? It’s a little bit of engineering, a smidgeon of maths, but it’s not science. Like architecture, programming is on that boundary between art and engineering. If you want to do it really nicely, it’s mostly art. You can get away with doing architecture and programming entirely by having a good engineering mind, but you’re not going to produce anything nice. You’re not going to have joy doing it if you’re an engineering mind. Architects who are just engineering minds are not going to enjoy their job. I suppose engineering is the foundation on which you build the art. Exactly. How do you think programming is going to change over the next ten years? There will be an unfortunate shift towards dynamically-typed languages, because of JavaScript. JavaScript has an unfair advantage. JavaScript’s unfair advantage will cause more people to be exposed to dynamically-typed languages, which means other dynamically-typed languages crop up and the best features go into dynamically-typed languages. Then people conflate the good features with the fact that it’s dynamically-typed, and more investment goes into dynamically-typed languages. They end up better, so people use them. What about the idea of compiling other languages, possibly statically-typed, to JavaScript? It’s a reasonable idea. I would like to do it, but I don’t think enough people in the world are going to do it to make it pick up. The hordes of beginners are the lifeblood of a language community. They are what makes there be good tools and what makes there be vibrant community websites. And any particular thing which is the same as JavaScript only with extra stuff added to it, although it might be technically great, is not going to have the hordes of beginners. JavaScript is always to be quickest and easiest way for a beginner to start programming in the browser. And dynamically-typed languages are great for beginners. Compilers are pretty scary and beginners don’t write big code. And having your errors come up in the same place, whether they’re statically checkable errors or not, is quite nice for a beginner. If someone asked me to teach them some programming, I’d teach them JavaScript. If dynamically-typed languages are great for beginners, when do you think the benefits of static typing start to kick in? The value of having a statically typed program is in the tools that rely on the static types to produce a smooth IDE experience rather than actually telling me my compile errors. And only once you’re experienced enough a programmer that having a really smooth IDE experience makes a blind bit of difference, does static typing make a blind bit of difference. So it’s not really about size of codebase. If I go and write up a tiny program, I’m still going to get value out of writing it in C# using ReSharper because I’m experienced with C# and ReSharper enough to be able to write code five times faster if I have that help. Any other visions of the future? Nobody’s going to use actors. Because everyone’s going to be running on single-core VMs connected over network-ready protocols like JSON over HTTP. So, parallelism within one operating system is going to die. But until then, you should use actors. More Red Gater Coder interviews

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Web Browser Control – Specifying the IE Version

- by Rick Strahl

I use the Internet Explorer Web Browser Control in a lot of my applications to display document type layout. HTML happens to be one of the most common document formats and displaying data in this format – even in desktop applications, is often way easier than using normal desktop technologies. One issue the Web Browser Control has that it’s perpetually stuck in IE 7 rendering mode by default. Even though IE 8 and now 9 have significantly upgraded the IE rendering engine to be more CSS and HTML compliant by default the Web Browser control will have none of it. IE 9 in particular – with its much improved CSS support and basic HTML 5 support is a big improvement and even though the IE control uses some of IE’s internal rendering technology it’s still stuck in the old IE 7 rendering by default. This applies whether you’re using the Web Browser control in a WPF application, a WinForms app, a FoxPro or VB classic application using the ActiveX control. Behind the scenes all these UI platforms use the COM interfaces and so you’re stuck by those same rules. Rendering Challenged To see what I’m talking about here are two screen shots rendering an HTML 5 doctype page that includes some CSS 3 functionality – rounded corners and border shadows - from an earlier post. One uses IE 9 as a standalone browser, and one uses a simple WPF form that includes the Web Browser control. IE 9 Browser: Web Browser control in a WPF form: The IE 9 page displays this HTML correctly – you see the rounded corners and shadow displayed. Obviously the latter rendering using the Web Browser control in a WPF application is a bit lacking. Not only are the new CSS features missing but the page also renders in Internet Explorer’s quirks mode so all the margins, padding etc. behave differently by default, even though there’s a CSS reset applied on this page. If you’re building an application that intends to use the Web Browser control for a live preview of some HTML this is clearly undesirable. Feature Delegation via Registry Hacks Fortunately starting with Internet Explore 8 and later there’s a fix for this problem via a registry setting. You can specify a registry key to specify which rendering mode and version of IE should be used by that application. These are not global mind you – they have to be enabled for each application individually. There are two different sets of keys for 32 bit and 64 bit applications. 32 bit: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MAIN\FeatureControl\FEATURE_BROWSER_EMULATION Value Key: yourapplication.exe 64 bit: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\MAIN\FeatureControl\FEATURE_BROWSER_EMULATION Value Key: yourapplication.exe The value to set this key to is (taken from MSDN here) as decimal values: 9999 (0x270F) Internet Explorer 9. Webpages are displayed in IE9 Standards mode, regardless of the !DOCTYPE directive. 9000 (0x2328) Internet Explorer 9. Webpages containing standards-based !DOCTYPE directives are displayed in IE9 mode. 8888 (0x22B8) Webpages are displayed in IE8 Standards mode, regardless of the !DOCTYPE directive. 8000 (0x1F40) Webpages containing standards-based !DOCTYPE directives are displayed in IE8 mode. 7000 (0x1B58) Webpages containing standards-based !DOCTYPE directives are displayed in IE7 Standards mode. The added key looks something like this in the Registry Editor: With this in place my Html Html Help Builder application which has wwhelp.exe as its main executable now works with HTML 5 and CSS 3 documents in the same way that Internet Explorer 9 does. Incidentally I accidentally added an ‘empty’ DWORD value of 0 to my EXE name and that worked as well giving me IE 9 rendering. Although not documented I suspect 0 (or an invalid value) will default to the installed browser. Don’t have a good way to test this but if somebody could try this with IE 8 installed that would be great: What happens when setting 9000 with IE 8 installed? What happens when setting 0 with IE 8 installed? Don’t forget to add Keys for Host Environments If you’re developing your application in Visual Studio and you run the debugger you may find that your application is still not rendering right, but if you run the actual generated EXE from Explorer or the OS command prompt it works. That’s because when you run the debugger in Visual Studio it wraps your application into a debugging host container. For this reason you might want to also add another registry key for yourapp.vshost.exe on your development machine. If you’re developing in Visual FoxPro make sure you add a key for vfp9.exe to see the rendering adjustments in the Visual FoxPro development environment. Cleaner HTML - no more HTML mangling! There are a number of additional benefits to setting up rendering of the Web Browser control to the IE 9 engine (or even the IE 8 engine) beyond the obvious rendering functionality. IE 9 actually returns your HTML in something that resembles the original HTML formatting, as opposed to the IE 7 default format which mangled the original HTML content. If you do the following in the WPF application: private void button2_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { dynamic doc = this.webBrowser.Document; MessageBox.Show(doc.body.outerHtml); } you get different output depending on the rendering mode active. With the default IE 7 rendering you get: <BODY><DIV> <H1>Rounded Corners and Shadows - Creating Dialogs in CSS</H1> <DIV class=toolbarcontainer><A class=hoverbutton href="./"><IMG src="../../css/images/home.gif"> Home</A> <A class=hoverbutton href="RoundedCornersAndShadows.htm"><IMG src="../../css/images/refresh.gif"> Refresh</A> </DIV> <DIV class=containercontent> <FIELDSET><LEGEND>Plain Box</LEGEND> <DIV style="BORDER-BOTTOM: steelblue 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: steelblue 2px solid; WIDTH: 550px; BORDER-TOP: steelblue 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: steelblue 2px solid" class="roundbox boxshadow"> <DIV style="BACKGROUND: khaki" class="boxcontenttext roundbox">Simple Rounded Corner Box. </DIV></DIV></FIELDSET> <FIELDSET><LEGEND>Box with Header</LEGEND> <DIV style="BORDER-BOTTOM: steelblue 2px solid; BORDER-LEFT: steelblue 2px solid; WIDTH: 550px; BORDER-TOP: steelblue 2px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: steelblue 2px solid" class="roundbox boxshadow"> <DIV class="gridheaderleft roundbox-top">Box with a Header</DIV> <DIV style="BACKGROUND: khaki" class="boxcontenttext roundbox-bottom">Simple Rounded Corner Box. </DIV></DIV></FIELDSET> <FIELDSET><LEGEND>Dialog Style Window</LEGEND> <DIV style="POSITION: relative; WIDTH: 450px" id=divDialog class="dialog boxshadow" jQuery16107208195684204002="2"> <DIV style="POSITION: relative" class=dialog-header> <DIV class=closebox></DIV>User Sign-in <DIV class=closebox jQuery16107208195684204002="3"></DIV></DIV> <DIV class=descriptionheader>This dialog is draggable and closable</DIV> <DIV class=dialog-content><LABEL>Username:</LABEL> <INPUT name=txtUsername value=" "> <LABEL>Password</LABEL> <INPUT name=txtPassword value=" "> <HR> <INPUT id=btnLogin value=Login type=button> </DIV> <DIV class=dialog-statusbar>Ready</DIV></DIV></FIELDSET> </DIV> <SCRIPT type=text/javascript> $(document).ready(function () { $("#divDialog") .draggable({ handle: ".dialog-header" }) .closable({ handle: ".dialog-header", closeHandler: function () { alert("Window about to be closed."); return true; // true closes - false leaves open } }); }); </SCRIPT> </DIV></BODY> Now lest you think I’m out of my mind and create complete whacky HTML rooted in the last century, here’s the IE 9 rendering mode output which looks a heck of a lot cleaner and a lot closer to my original HTML of the page I’m accessing: <body> <div> <h1>Rounded Corners and Shadows - Creating Dialogs in CSS</h1> <div class="toolbarcontainer"> <a class="hoverbutton" href="./"> <img src="../../css/images/home.gif"> Home</a> <a class="hoverbutton" href="RoundedCornersAndShadows.htm"> <img src="../../css/images/refresh.gif"> Refresh</a> </div> <div class="containercontent"> <fieldset> <legend>Plain Box</legend>  <div style="border: 2px solid steelblue; width: 550px;" class="roundbox boxshadow"> <div style="background: khaki;" class="boxcontenttext roundbox"> Simple Rounded Corner Box. </div> </div> </fieldset> <fieldset> <legend>Box with Header</legend> <div style="border: 2px solid steelblue; width: 550px;" class="roundbox boxshadow"> <div class="gridheaderleft roundbox-top">Box with a Header</div> <div style="background: khaki;" class="boxcontenttext roundbox-bottom"> Simple Rounded Corner Box. </div> </div> </fieldset> <fieldset> <legend>Dialog Style Window</legend> <div style="width: 450px; position: relative;" id="divDialog" class="dialog boxshadow"> <div style="position: relative;" class="dialog-header"> <div class="closebox"></div> User Sign-in <div class="closebox"></div></div> <div class="descriptionheader">This dialog is draggable and closable</div> <div class="dialog-content"> <label>Username:</label> <input name="txtUsername" value=" " type="text"> <label>Password</label> <input name="txtPassword" value=" " type="text"> <hr/> <input id="btnLogin" value="Login" type="button"> </div> <div class="dialog-statusbar">Ready</div> </div> </fieldset> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { $("#divDialog") .draggable({ handle: ".dialog-header" }) .closable({ handle: ".dialog-header", closeHandler: function () { alert("Window about to be closed."); return true; // true closes - false leaves open } }); }); </script> </div> </body> IOW, in IE9 rendering mode IE9 is much closer (but not identical) to the original HTML from the page on the Web that we’re reading from. As a side note: Unfortunately, the browser feature emulation can't be applied against the Html Help (CHM) Engine in Windows which uses the Web Browser control (or COM interfaces anyway) to render Html Help content. I tried setting up hh.exe which is the help viewer, to use IE 9 rendering but a help file generated with CSS3 features will simply show in IE 7 mode. Bummer - this would have been a nice quick fix to allow help content served from CHM files to look better. HTML Editing leaves HTML formatting intact In the same vane, if you do any inline HTML editing in the control by setting content to be editable, IE 9’s control does a much more reasonable job of creating usable and somewhat valid HTML. It also leaves the original content alone other than the text your are editing or adding. No longer is the HTML output stripped of excess spaces and reformatted in IEs format. So if I do: private void button3_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { dynamic doc = this.webBrowser.Document; doc.body.contentEditable = true; } and then make some changes to the document by typing into it using IE 9 mode, the document formatting stays intact and only the affected content is modified. The created HTML is reasonably clean (although it does lack proper XHTML formatting for things like <br/> <hr/>). This is very different from IE 7 mode which mangled the HTML as soon as the page was loaded into the control. Any editing you did stripped out all white space and lost all of your existing XHTML formatting. In IE 9 mode at least *most* of your original formatting stays intact. This is huge! In Html Help Builder I have supported HTML editing for a long time but the HTML mangling by the Web Browser control made it very difficult to edit the HTML later. Previously IE would mangle the HTML by stripping out spaces, upper casing all tags and converting many XHTML safe tags to its HTML 3 tags. Now IE leaves most of my document alone while editing, and creates cleaner and more compliant markup (with exception of self-closing elements like BR/HR). The end result is that I now have HTML editing in place that's much cleaner and actually capable of being manually edited. Caveats, Caveats, Caveats It wouldn't be Internet Explorer if there weren't some major compatibility issues involved in using this various browser version interaction. The biggest thing I ran into is that there are odd differences in some of the COM interfaces and what they return. I specifically ran into a problem with the document.selection.createRange() function which with IE 7 compatibility returns an expected text range object. When running in IE 8 or IE 9 mode however. I could not retrieve a valid text range with this code where loEdit is the WebBrowser control: loRange = loEdit.document.selection.CreateRange() The loRange object returned (here in FoxPro) had a length property of 0 but none of the other properties of the TextRange or TextRangeCollection objects were available. I figured this was due to some changed security settings but even after elevating the Intranet Security Zone and mucking with the other browser feature flags pertaining to security I had no luck. In the end I relented and used a JavaScript function in my editor document that returns a selection range object: function getselectionrange() { var range = document.selection.createRange(); return range; } and call that JavaScript function from my host applications code: *** Use a function in the document to get around HTML Editing issues loRange = loEdit.document.parentWindow.getselectionrange(.f.) and that does work correctly. This wasn't a big deal as I'm already loading a support script file into the editor page so all I had to do is add the function to this existing script file. You can find out more how to call script code in the Web Browser control from a host application in a previous post of mine. IE 8 and 9 also clamp down the security environment a little more than the default IE 7 control, so there may be other issues you run into. Other than the createRange() problem above I haven't seen anything else that is breaking in my code so far though and that's encouraging at least since it uses a lot of HTML document manipulation for the custom editor I've created (and would love to replace - any PROFESSIONAL alternatives anybody?) Registry Key Installation for your Application It’s important to remember that this registry setting is made per application, so most likely this is something you want to set up with your installer. Also remember that 32 and 64 bit settings require separate settings in the registry so if you’re creating your installer you most likely will want to set both keys in the registry preemptively for your application. I use Tarma Installer for all of my application installs and in Tarma I configure registry keys for both and set a flag to only install the latter key group in the 64 bit version: Because this setting is application specific you have to do this for every application you install unfortunately, but this also means that you can safely configure this setting in the registry because it is after only applied to your application. Another problem with install based installation is version detection. If IE 8 is installed I’d want 8000 for the value, if IE 9 is installed I want 9000. I can do this easily in code but in the installer this is much more difficult. I don’t have a good solution for this at the moment, but given that the app works with IE 7 mode now, IE 9 mode is just a bonus for the moment. If IE 9 is not installed and 9000 is used the default rendering will remain in use. It sure would be nice if we could specify the IE rendering mode as a property, but I suspect the ActiveX container has to know before it loads what actual version to load up and once loaded can only load a single version of IE. This would account for this annoying application level configuration… Summary The registry feature emulation has been available for quite some time, but I just found out about it today and started experimenting around with it. I’m stoked to see that this is available as I’d pretty much given up in ever seeing any better rendering in the Web Browser control. Now at least my apps can take advantage of newer HTML features. Now if we could only get better HTML Editing support somehow <snicker>… ah can’t have everything.© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2011Posted in .NET FoxPro Windows

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Compiling a program with a legacy version of gcc

- by wyatt

This is probably a very difficult problem to troubleshoot with the information I can practically provide, but I'm hoping someone might be able to at least point me in a possible direction. I'm trying to install HTK (http://htk.eng.cam.ac.uk/), which, according to this page needs to be installed using gcc 3.4. Their method of implementing backwards compatibility: #yum install compat-gcc-34-c++ compat-gcc-34 won't work for me as I'm running Ubuntu (On that note, I take it I can't simply install YUM and the subsequent package, since it's an entirely different distro, but if I'm wrong I'd love to hear it). I instead installed two versions of gcc 3.4 - 3.4.0 and 3.4.6 using instructions from this site. I then added the lines suggested by that page to the top of the makefile (on this note, what's the difference between makefile and makefile.in? I tried adding the lines to the top of both files regardless), both for version 3.4.0 and 3.4.6, but both failed. I also tried, on the off-chance, compiling it with my current version (4.4.1), but that also failed. I got the errors: (cd HTKLib && make HTKLib.a) \ || case "" in k) fail=yes;; ) exit 1;; esac; make1: Entering directory /home/charles/bin/htk-3.4/HTKLib' gcc -ansi -D_SVID_SOURCE -DOSS_AUDIO -D'ARCH="i686"' -Wall -Wno-switch -g -O2 -I. -c -o HGraf.o HGraf.c HGraf.c:73:77: error: X11/Xlib.h: No such file or directory HGraf.c:74:23: error: X11/Xutil.h: No such file or directory HGraf.c:75:21: error: X11/Xos.h: No such file or directory HGraf.c:77:27: error: X11/keysymdef.h: No such file or directory HGraf.c:87: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ token HGraf.c:88: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘rootW’ HGraf.c:91: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘theCmap’ HGraf.c:92: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘theGC’ HGraf.c:93: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘gcs’ HGraf.c:95: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ token HGraf.c:96: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘report’ HGraf.c:97: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘hints’ HGraf.c:111: error: ‘GXcopy’ undeclared here (not in a function) HGraf.c:111: error: ‘GXor’ undeclared here (not in a function) HGraf.c:111: error: ‘GXxor’ undeclared here (not in a function) HGraf.c:111: error: ‘GXinvert’ undeclared here (not in a function) HGraf.c:151: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ token HGraf.c: In function ‘InstallFonts’: HGraf.c:164: error: ‘FontInfo’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:164: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once HGraf.c:164: error: for each function it appears in.) HGraf.c:164: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XLoadQueryFont’ HGraf.c:164: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:167: error: ‘DefaultFont’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: At top level: HGraf.c:176: error: expected ‘)’ before ‘*’ token HGraf.c: In function ‘HGetEvent’: HGraf.c:219: error: ‘XEvent’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:219: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘xev’ HGraf.c:223: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XFlush’ HGraf.c:223: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:225: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XEventsQueued’ HGraf.c:225: error: ‘QueuedAfterFlush’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:226: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XNextEvent’ HGraf.c:226: error: ‘xev’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:228: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:230: error: ‘ButtonPress’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:235: error: ‘ButtonRelease’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:240: error: ‘MotionNotify’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:245: error: ‘KeyPress’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:249: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘DecodeKeyPress’ HGraf.c:251: error: ‘KeyRelease’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:257: error: ‘Expose’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HEventsPending’: HGraf.c:281: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:281: error: ‘QueuedAfterFlush’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HMousePos’: HGraf.c:288: error: ‘Window’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:288: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘root’ HGraf.c:293: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XQueryPointer’ HGraf.c:293: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:293: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:293: error: ‘root’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:293: error: ‘child’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘InstallColours’: HGraf.c:311: error: ‘XColor’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:311: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘greyDef’ HGraf.c:317: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XParseColor’ HGraf.c:317: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:317: error: ‘theCmap’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:317: error: ‘colourDef’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:320: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XAllocColor’ HGraf.c:334: error: ‘whiteDef’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:334: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XQueryColor’ HGraf.c:335: error: ‘blackDef’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:341: error: ‘greyDef’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HSetColour’: HGraf.c:361: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XSetForeground’ HGraf.c:361: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:361: error: ‘gcs’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HSetGrey’: HGraf.c:370: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:370: error: ‘gcs’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HDrawLines’: HGraf.c:388: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XDrawLines’ HGraf.c:388: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:388: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:388: error: ‘theGC’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:388: error: ‘XPoint’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:388: error: expected expression before ‘)’ token HGraf.c: In function ‘HDrawRectangle’: HGraf.c:395: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XDrawRectangle’ HGraf.c:395: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:395: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:395: error: ‘theGC’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HFillRectangle’: HGraf.c:402: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XFillRectangle’ HGraf.c:402: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:402: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:402: error: ‘theGC’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HDrawLine’: HGraf.c:408: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XDrawLine’ HGraf.c:408: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:408: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:408: error: ‘theGC’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HFillPolygon’: HGraf.c:414: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XFillPolygon’ HGraf.c:414: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:414: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:414: error: ‘theGC’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:414: error: ‘XPoint’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:414: error: expected expression before ‘)’ token HGraf.c: In function ‘HDrawArc’: HGraf.c:427: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XDrawArc’ HGraf.c:427: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:427: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:427: error: ‘theGC’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HFillArc’: HGraf.c:440: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XFillArc’ HGraf.c:440: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:440: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:440: error: ‘theGC’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HPrintf’: HGraf.c:451: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XDrawString’ HGraf.c:451: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:451: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:451: error: ‘theGC’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HCopyArea’: HGraf.c:457: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XCopyArea’ HGraf.c:457: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:457: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:457: error: ‘theGC’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HPlotVector’: HGraf.c:476: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:476: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:476: error: ‘theGC’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HSetFontSize’: HGraf.c:490: error: ‘CurrentFont’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:490: error: ‘DefaultFont’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:499: error: ‘FontInfo’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:502: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XSetFont’ HGraf.c:502: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:502: error: ‘gcs’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HSetLineWidth’: HGraf.c:511: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XSetLineAttributes’ HGraf.c:511: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:511: error: ‘gcs’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:511: error: ‘LineSolid’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:511: error: ‘JoinRound’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:511: error: ‘FillSolid’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HSetXMode’: HGraf.c:517: error: ‘theGC’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:517: error: ‘gcs’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘CentreX’: HGraf.c:523: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XTextWidth’ HGraf.c:523: error: ‘CurrentFont’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘CentreY’: HGraf.c:529: error: ‘CurrentFont’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HTextWidth’: HGraf.c:535: error: ‘CurrentFont’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HTextHeight’: HGraf.c:541: error: ‘CurrentFont’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HDrawImage’: HGraf.c:550: error: expected ‘=’, ‘,’, ‘;’, ‘asm’ or ‘__attribute__’ before ‘*’ token HGraf.c:550: error: ‘xi’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:557: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XDestroyImage’ HGraf.c:558: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XGetImage’ HGraf.c:558: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:558: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:558: error: ‘AllPlanes’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:558: error: ‘XYPixmap’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:562: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XPutPixel’ HGraf.c:564: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XPutImage’ HGraf.c:564: error: ‘theGC’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘HFlush’: HGraf.c:570: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘InitGCs’: HGraf.c:780: error: ‘XGCValues’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:780: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘values’ HGraf.c:783: error: ‘GCLineWidth’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:783: error: ‘GCFunction’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:783: error: ‘GCForeground’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:785: error: ‘values’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:788: error: ‘gcs’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:788: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XCreateGC’ HGraf.c:788: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:788: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:790: error: ‘GCPlaneMask’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘InitGlobals’: HGraf.c:800: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘DefaultScreen’ HGraf.c:800: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:801: error: ‘theCmap’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:801: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘DefaultColormap’ HGraf.c:802: error: ‘rootW’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:802: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘RootWindow’ HGraf.c:803: error: ‘theGC’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:803: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘DefaultGC’ HGraf.c:804: error: ‘theVisual’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:804: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘DefaultVisual’ HGraf.c:805: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘DisplayCells’ HGraf.c:806: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘DisplayWidth’ HGraf.c:807: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘DisplayHeight’ HGraf.c:808: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘DisplayPlanes’ HGraf.c:809: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘WhitePixel’ HGraf.c:810: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘BlackPixel’ HGraf.c: In function ‘MakeXGraf’: HGraf.c:817: error: ‘Window’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:817: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘window’ HGraf.c:818: error: ‘XSetWindowAttributes’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:818: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘setwinattr’ HGraf.c:823: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:823: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XOpenDisplay’ HGraf.c:824: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XDisplayName’ HGraf.c:828: error: ‘parent’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:829: error: ‘window’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:829: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XCreateSimpleWindow’ HGraf.c:831: error: ‘CWBackingStore’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:831: error: ‘setwinattr’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:831: error: ‘WhenMapped’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:832: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XChangeWindowAttributes’ HGraf.c:834: error: ‘hints’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:834: error: ‘PPosition’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:834: error: ‘PSize’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:834: error: ‘PMaxSize’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:834: error: ‘PMinSize’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:841: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XSetStandardProperties’ HGraf.c:841: error: ‘None’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:843: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XSelectInput’ HGraf.c:843: error: ‘ExposureMask’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:843: error: ‘KeyPressMask’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:843: error: ‘ButtonPressMask’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:844: error: ‘ButtonReleaseMask’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:844: error: ‘PointerMotionHintMask’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:844: error: ‘PointerMotionMask’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:845: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XMapWindow’ HGraf.c:845: error: ‘theWindow’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:850: error: ‘report’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:851: error: ‘Expose’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:852: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XSendEvent’ HGraf.c:852: error: ‘False’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c: In function ‘TermHGraf’: HGraf.c:861: error: ‘theDisp’ undeclared (first use in this function) HGraf.c:862: warning: implicit declaration of function ‘XCloseDisplay’ make[1]: *** [HGraf.o] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory/home/charles/bin/htk-3.4/HTKLib' make: ** [HTKLib/HTKLib.a] Error 1 Thank you for any help you can provide.

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Decompiling a *.DLL to assembly for .net in delphi 4

- by Lex Dean

I love my Delphi 4 but at the same time I see the need to talk to windows .net This is a recompiled dll that I found on sourceforge.net/projects/delphinet/ (DelphiNet03.zip) by some nice people that fund the dll from some were. The real answer is to make this dll so that fits into Delphi as true Delphi code, and not a dll clip on. So we can make objects that use dot net in Delphi. Because I’m not an assembly freak, I’m freaking out a little with a wee sweek for help! 1/ How do I link the asm code with the data info at the bottom of this code. Can some one show me which calls to look for to make this link to data. 2/ I need to find the beginning of all the procedures and functions, but I cannot find a ‘RET’ statement. And what line is the beginning statement in this code. 3/ How do I identify were the jump statements go to, put them into Delphi format In this code it looks I can do:- jle 402890h \1000:00402854 7e3a add [eax], al \1000:00402856 0000 …………………………………………….. or ch, [edi+3eh] \1000:0040288d 0a6f3e xrefs first: 1000:00402854 number : 1 \; add [eax], al \1000:00402890 0000 //******************************* jle @@21 \\1000:00402854 7e3a add [eax], al \\1000:00402856 0000 …………………………………………….. or ch, [edi+3eh] \1000:0040288d 0a6f3e xrefs first: 1000:00402854 number : 1 \; @@21 add [eax], al \1000:00402890 0000 Is that a correct conversion. I think a xrefs first: 1000:004021d1 number : 1 is the best to follow 4/ I need a good reference on 8086 up assembly code that I can print out and get to learn properly. I found this asm decomplier of http://www.cronos.cc/ that is so similar to Delphi that it only needs a little more convertion to get it into Delphi asm I think. It’s only taken me 3 hours to get the file into TMemo and to write a few lines to chop the line over in a stream and reload the memo. Help please Email: [email protected] xrefs first: 1000:004041ae number : 1 \\; dd 4190h \\1000:00402000 90410000 dd 00h \\1000:00402004 00000000 dec eax \\1000:00402008 48 add [eax], al \\1000:00402009 0000 add [edx], al \\1000:0040200b 0002 add [eax], al \\1000:0040200d 0000 add [eax-2bffffd2h], al \\1000:0040200f 00802e0000d4 adc al, [eax] \\1000:00402015 1200 add [ecx], al \\1000:00402017 0001 add [eax], al \\1000:00402019 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:0040201b 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:0040201d 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:0040201f 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402021 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402023 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402025 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402027 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402029 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:0040202b 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:0040202d 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:0040202f 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402031 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402033 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402035 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402037 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402039 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:0040203b 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:0040203d 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:0040203f 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402041 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402043 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402045 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402047 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:00402049 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:0040204b 0000 add [eax], al \\1000:0040204d 0000 add [ebx], dl \\1000:0040204f 0013 xor [eax+eax], al \\1000:00402051 300400 or al, [ecx] \\1000:00402054 0a01 add [eax], al \\1000:00402056 0000 add [eax], eax \\1000:00402058 0100 add [ecx], dl \\1000:0040205a 0011 push cs \\1000:0040205c 0e add al, 50h \\1000:0040205d 0450 mov gs, [ecx+05h] \\1000:0040205f 8e6905 push eax \\1000:00402062 50 mov gs, [ecx+2eh] \\1000:00402063 8e692e add eax, f938h \\1000:00402066 0538f90000 add [ebx], al \\1000:0040206b 0003 jc 402070h \\1000:0040206d 7201 add [eax], al \\1000:0040206f 0000 jo 40209bh \\1000:00402071 7028 add al, [eax] \\1000:00402073 0200 add [edx], cl \\1000:00402075 000a sub eax, 36f0408h \\1000:00402077 2d08046f03 add [eax], al \\1000:0040207c 0000 or ch, [ebx] \\1000:0040207e 0a2b push es \\1000:00402080 06 add al, 6fh \\1000:00402081 046f add al, 00h \\1000:00402083 0400 add [edx], cl \\1000:00402085 000a adc eax, [edi] \\1000:00402087 1307 push ss \\1000:00402089 16 adc ecx, [eax] \\1000:0040208a 1308 cmp cl, cl \\1000:0040208c 38c9 add [eax], al \\1000:0040208e 0000 add [ecx], dl \\1000:00402090 0011 pop es \\1000:00402092 07 adc [eax], ecx \\1000:00402093 1108 callf 056f:060a9a08h \\1000:00402095 9a0a066f05 add [eax], al \\1000:0040209a 0000 or cl, [ebx] \\1000:0040209c 0a0b push es \\1000:0040209e 06 outsd \\1000:0040209f 6f push es \\1000:004020a0 06 add [eax], al \\1000:004020a1 0000 or al, [ebx] \\1000:004020a3 0a03 sub [edx], al \\1000:004020a5 2802 add [eax], al \\1000:004020a7 0000 or bh, [ecx] \\1000:004020a9 0a39 movsd \\1000:004020ab a5 add [eax], al \\1000:004020ac 0000 add [edi], al \\1000:004020ae 0007 mov gs, [ecx+0eh] \\1000:004020b0 8e690e add al, 50h \\1000:004020b3 0450 mov gs, [ecx+40h] \\1000:004020b5 8e6940 cwde \\1000:004020b8 98 add [eax], al \\1000:004020b9 0000 add [edi], dl \\1000:004020bb 0017 or al, 16h \\1000:004020bd 0c16 or eax, 9072b2bh \\1000:004020bf 0d2b2b0709 callf 0000:076f9a09h \\1000:004020c4 9a6f070000 or ch, [edi+08h] \\1000:004020c9 0a6f08 add [eax], al \\1000:004020cc 0000 or ch, [eax+ebx] \\1000:004020ce 0a2c18 push cs \\1000:004020d1 0e add al, 50h \\1000:004020d2 0450 or [edx+d72h], ebx \\1000:004020d4 099a720d0000 jo 402104h \\1000:004020da 7028 or [eax], eax \\1000:004020dc 0900 add [edx], cl \\1000:004020de 000a add dl, cs:[esi] \\1000:004020e0 2e0216 or al, 08h \\1000:004020e3 0c08 sub eax, 90c2b02h \\1000:004020e5 2d022b0c09 pop ss \\1000:004020ea 17 pop eax \\1000:004020eb 58 or eax, 50040e09h \\1000:004020ec 0d090e0450 mov gs, [ecx+32h] \\1000:004020f1 8e6932 int 08h \\1000:004020f4 cd08 sub al, 5ch \\1000:004020f6 2c5c push ss \\1000:004020f8 16 adc eax, [ebx+ebp] \\1000:004020f9 13042b dec esi \\1000:004020fc 4e push cs \\1000:004020fd 0e add al, 50h \\1000:004020fe 0450 adc [edx+ebx*4], eax \\1000:00402100 11049a jc 402112h \\1000:00402103 720d add [eax], al \\1000:00402105 0000 jo 402131h \\1000:00402107 7028 or [eax], eax \\1000:00402109 0900 add [edx], cl \\1000:0040210b 000a xor esi, [esi] \\1000:0040210d 3336 pop es \\1000:0040210f 07 adc [edx+ebx*4], eax \\1000:00402110 11049a outsd \\1000:00402113 6f pop es \\1000:00402114 07 add [eax], al \\1000:00402115 0000 or ch, [edi+0ah] \\1000:00402117 0a6f0a add [eax], al \\1000:0040211a 0000 or dl, [ebx] \\1000:0040211c 0a13 push es \\1000:0040211e 06 add eax, 9a041150h \\1000:0040211f 055011049a sub [ebx], cl \\1000:00402124 280b add [eax], al \\1000:00402126 0000 or dl, [edx] \\1000:00402128 0a12 push es \\1000:0040212a 06 adc al, [c28h] \\1000:0040212b 1205280c0000 xrefs first: 1000:00402107 number : 1 \\; or ch, [edx+eax] \\1000:00402131 0a2c02 sub ebx, [esi] \\1000:00402134 2b1e push cs \\1000:00402136 0e add al, 50h \\1000:00402137 0450 adc [edi+eax], eax \\1000:00402139 110407 adc [edx+ebx*4], eax \\1000:0040213c 11049a outsd \\1000:0040213f 6f pop es \\1000:00402140 07 add [eax], al \\1000:00402141 0000 or ah, [edx+58170411h] \\1000:00402143 0aa211041758 adc eax, [ecx+edx] \\1000:00402149 130411 add al, 0eh \\1000:0040214c 040e add al, 50h \\1000:0040214e 0450 mov gs, [ecx+32h] \\1000:00402150 8e6932 test eax, 58170811h \\1000:00402153 a911081758 adc ecx, [eax] \\1000:00402158 1308 adc [eax], ecx \\1000:0040215a 1108 adc [edi], eax \\1000:0040215c 1107 mov gs, [ecx+3fh] \\1000:0040215e 8e693f sub al, ffh \\1000:00402161 2cff db ff \\1000:00402163 ff jmp [edx] \\1000:00402164 ff2a add [eax], al \\1000:00402166 0000 adc esi, [eax] \\1000:00402168 1330 add eax, 8100h \\1000:0040216a 0500810000 add [edx], al \\1000:0040216f 0002 add [eax], al \\1000:00402171 0000 adc [edx+esi*2], eax \\1000:00402173 110472 xor eax, [eax] \\1000:00402176 3300 add [eax+28h], dh \\1000:00402178 007028 add al, [eax] \\1000:0040217b 0200 add [edx], cl \\1000:0040217d 000a sub al, 09h \\1000:0040217f 2c09 add ebp, [eax] \\1000:00402181 0328 or eax, a0a0000h \\1000:00402183 0d00000a0a sub eax, [edi] \\1000:00402188 2b07 add al, 28h \\1000:0040218a 0428 push cs \\1000:0040218c 0e add [eax], al \\1000:0040218d 0000 or cl, [edx] \\1000:0040218f 0a0a push es \\1000:00402191 06 add eax, f6f1717h \\1000:00402192 0517176f0f add [eax], al \\1000:00402197 0000 or cl, [ebx] \\1000:00402199 0a0b push ss \\1000:0040219b 16 lea eax, [edx] \\1000:0040219c 8d02 add [eax], al \\1000:0040219e 0000 add [esi+ecx], ecx \\1000:004021a0 010c0e add al, 2ch \\1000:004021a3 042c push cs \\1000:004021a5 260e add al, 8eh \\1000:004021a7 048e c160d imul edi, [eax+28dh], d160c01h \\1000:004021a9 69b88d020000010c sub edx, [eax] \\1000:004021b3 2b10 or [ecx], cl \\1000:004021b5 0809 push cs \\1000:004021b7 0e add al, 09h \\1000:004021b8 0409 callf 0000:106f9a09h \\1000:004021ba 9a6f100000 or ah, [edx+d581709h] \\1000:004021bf 0aa20917580d or [esi], ecx \\1000:004021c5 090e add al, 8eh \\1000:004021c7 048e imul esi, [edx], 17202e9h \\1000:004021c9 6932e9027201 add [eax], al \\1000:004021cf 0000 jo 4021dah \\1000:004021d1 7007 db 0f \\1000:004021d3 0f add al, 12h \\1000:004021d4 0412 add ch, [eax] \\1000:004021d6 0228 add [eax], eax \\1000:004021d8 0100 xrefs first: 1000:004021d1 number : 1 \\; add [esi], al \\1000:004021da 0006 pop es \\1000:004021dc 07 or [edi+11h], ch \\1000:004021dd 086f11 add [eax], al \\1000:004021e0 0000 or dl, [ebx] \\1000:004021e2 0a13 add al, 11h \\1000:004021e4 0411 add al, 0eh \\1000:004021e6 040e add al, 6fh \\1000:004021e8 046f adc al, [eax] \\1000:004021ea 1200 add [edx], cl \\1000:004021ec 000a adc eax, [511002bh] \\1000:004021ee 13052b001105 sub al, [eax] \\1000:004021f4 2a00 add [eax], al \\1000:004021f6 0000 adc esi, [eax] \\1000:004021f8 1330 add eax, 4e00h \\1000:004021fa 05004e0000 add [ebx], al \\1000:004021ff 0003 add [eax], al \\1000:00402201 0000 adc [ebx], eax \\1000:00402203 1103 outsd \\1000:00402205 6f adc [eax], al \\1000:00402206 1000 add [edx], cl \\1000:00402208 000a or al, [8db8698eh] \\1000:0040220a 0a058e69b88d add al, [eax] \\1000:00402210 0200 add [ecx], al \\1000:00402212 0001 or edx, [esi] \\1000:00402214 0b16 or al, 2bh \\1000:00402216 0c2b db 0f \\1000:00402218 0f pop es \\1000:00402219 07 or [106f9a08h], al \\1000:0040221a 0805089a6f10 add [eax], al \\1000:00402220 0000 or ah, [edx+c581708h] \\1000:00402222 0aa20817580c or [eb32698eh], al \\1000:00402228 08058e6932eb add al, [esi+eax] \\1000:0040222e 020406 lsl edx, [edx] \\1000:00402231 0f0312 add [eax], ebp \\1000:00402234 0128 add [eax], eax \\1000:00402236 0100 add [esi], al \\1000:00402238 0006 push es \\1000:0040223a 06 add al, 07h \\1000:0040223b 0407 outsd \\1000:0040223d 6f adc eax, [eax] \\1000:0040223e 1300 add [edx], cl \\1000:00402240 000a or eax, 6f050309h \\1000:00402242 0d0903056f adc al, 00h \\1000:00402247 1400 add [edx], cl \\1000:00402249 000a adc eax, [ebx+ebp] \\1000:0040224b 13042b add [ecx], dl \\1000:0040224e 0011 add al, 2ah \\1000:00402250 042a add [eax], al \\1000:00402252 0000 adc esi, [eax] \\1000:00402254 1330 add eax, 7600h \\1000:00402256 0500760000 add [eax+eax], al \\1000:0040225b 000400 add [ecx], dl \\1000:0040225e 0011 add al, 72h \\1000:00402260 0472 xor eax, [eax] \\1000:00402262 3300 add [eax+28h], dh \\1000:00402264 007028 add al, [eax] \\1000:00402267 0200 add [edx], cl \\1000:00402269 000a sub al, 09h \\1000:0040226b 2c09 add ebp, [eax] \\1000:0040226d 0328 or eax, a0a0000h \\1000:0040226f 0d00000a0a sub eax, [edi] \\1000:00402274 2b07 add al, 28h \\1000:00402276 0428 push cs \\1000:00402278 0e add [eax], al \\1000:00402279 0000 or cl, [edx] \\1000:0040227b 0a0a push es \\1000:0040227d 06 add eax, f6f1717h \\1000:0040227e 0517176f0f add [eax], al \\1000:00402283 0000 or cl, [ebx] \\1000:00402285 0a0b push cs \\1000:00402287 0e add eax, 8db8698eh \\1000:00402288 058e69b88d add al, [eax] \\1000:0040228d 0200 add [ecx], al \\1000:0040228f 0001 or al, 16h \\1000:00402291 0c16 or eax, 908102bh \\1000:00402293 0d2b100809 push cs \\1000:00402298 0e add eax, 106f9a09h \\1000:00402299 05099a6f10 add [eax], al \\1000:0040229e 0000 or ah, [edx+d581709h] \\1000:004022a0 0aa20917580d or [esi], ecx \\1000:004022a6 090e add eax, e932698eh \\1000:004022a8 058e6932e9 add cl, [esi] \\1000:004022ad 020e add al, 07h \\1000:004022af 0407 db 0f \\1000:004022b1 0f add eax, 1280212h \\1000:004022b2 0512022801 add [eax], al \\1000:004022b7 0000 push es \\1000:004022b9 06 pop es \\1000:004022ba 07 push cs \\1000:004022bb 0e add al, 08h \\1000:004022bc 0408 outsd \\1000:004022be 6f adc eax, [eax] \\1000:004022bf 1300 add [edx], cl \\1000:004022c1 000a adc eax, [ecx+edx] \\1000:004022c3 130411 add al, 14h \\1000:004022c6 0414 push cs \\1000:004022c8 0e add eax, 146fh \\1000:004022c9 056f140000 or dl, [ebx] \\1000:004022ce 0a13 add eax, 511002bh \\1000:004022d0 052b001105 sub al, [eax] \\1000:004022d5 2a00 add [ebx], dl \\1000:004022d7 0013 xor [eax+eax], al \\1000:004022d9 300400 jbe 4022deh \\1000:004022dc 7600 xrefs first: 1000:004022dc number : 1 \\; add fs:[esi+45h], cl \\1000:004034fc 64004e45 push esp \\1000:00403500 54 dec ecx \\1000:00403501 49 xrefs first: 1000:004034b2 number : 1 \\; outsb \\1000:00403502 6e jbe 403574h \\1000:00403503 766f imul esp, [ebp+43h], 6ch \\1000:00403505 6b65436c popad \\1000:00403509 61 jnc 40357fh \\1000:0040350a 7373 dec ebp \\1000:0040350c 4d jz 403578h \\1000:0040350d 657468 outsd \\1000:00403510 6f add fs:[esi+45h], cl \\1000:00403511 64004e45 push esp \\1000:00403515 54 push ebx \\1000:00403516 53 jz 40355fh \\1000:00403517 657445 outsb \\1000:0040351a 6e jnz 40358ah \\1000:0040351b 756d push esi \\1000:0040351d 56 xrefs first: 1000:004034b7 number : 1 \\; popad \\1000:0040351e 61 insb \\1000:0040351f 6c jnz 403587h \\1000:00403520 7565 add [esi+45h], cl \\1000:00403522 004e45 push esp \\1000:00403525 54 inc edi \\1000:00403526 47 db 65 ;'e' \\1000:00403527 65 xrefs first: 1000:004034be number : 1 \\; db 74 ;'t' \\1000:00403528 74 db 50 ;'p' \\1000:00403529 50 db 72 ;'r' \\1000:0040352a 72 db 6f ;'o' \\1000:0040352b 6f db 70 ;'p' \\1000:0040352c 70 db 65 ;'e' \\1000:0040352d 65 db 72 ;'r' \\1000:0040352e 72 db 74 ;'t' \\1000:0040352f 74 db 79 ;'y' \\1000:00403530 79 db 00 \\1000:00403531 00 db 4e ;'n' \\1000:00403532 4e db 45 ;'e' \\1000:00403533 45 db 54 ;'t' \\1000:00403534 54 db 47 ;'g' \\1000:00403535 47 db 65 ;'e' \\1000:00403536 65 db 74 ;'t' \\1000:00403537 74 db 46 ;'f' \\1000:00403538 46 db 69 ;'i' \\1000:00403539 69 db 65 ;'e' \\1000:0040353a 65 db 6c ;'l' \\1000:0040353b 6c db 64 ;'d' \\1000:0040353c 64 db 00 \\1000:0040353d 00 could not fit the rest in because of Stack overflow limitions

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while I scroll between the layout it takes too long to be able to scroll between the gallerie's pictures. Is there any way to reduce this time?

- by Mateo

Hello, this is my first question here, though I've being reading this forum for quite a while. Most of the answers to my doubts are from here :) Getting back on topic. I'm developing an Android application. I'm drawing a dynamic layout that are basically Galleries, inside a LinearLayout, inside a ScrollView, inside a RelativeLayout. The ScrollView is a must, because I'm drawing a dynamic amount of galleries that most probably will not fit on the screen. When I scroll inside the layout, I have to wait 3/4 seconds until the ScrollView "deactivates" to be able to scroll inside the galleries. What I want to do is to reduce this time to a minimum. Preferably I would like to be able to scroll inside the galleries as soon as I lift my finger from the screen, though anything lower than 2 seconds would be great as well. I've being googling around for a solution but all I could find until now where layout tutorials that didn't tackle this particular issue. I was hoping someone here knows if this is possible and if so to give me some hints on how to do so. I would prefer not to do my own ScrollView to solve this. But if that is the only way I would appreciate some help because I'm not really sure how would I solve this issue by doing that. this is my layout: public class PicturesL extends Activity implements OnClickListener, OnItemClickListener, OnItemLongClickListener { private ArrayList<ImageView> imageView = new ArrayList<ImageView>(); private StringBuilder PicsDate = new StringBuilder(); private CaWaApplication application; private long ListID; private ArrayList<Gallery> gallery = new ArrayList<Gallery>(); private ArrayList<Bitmap> Thumbails = new ArrayList<Bitmap>(); private String idioma; private ArrayList<Long> Days = new ArrayList<Long>(); private long oldDay; private long oldThumbsLoaded; private ArrayList<Long> ThumbailsDays = new ArrayList<Long>(); private ArrayList<ArrayList<Long>> IDs = new ArrayList<ArrayList<Long>>(); @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstancedState) { super.onCreate(savedInstancedState); RelativeLayout layout = new RelativeLayout(this); ScrollView scroll = new ScrollView(this); LinearLayout realLayout = new LinearLayout(this); ArrayList<TextView> texts = new ArrayList<TextView>(); Button TakePic = new Button(this); idioma = com.mateloft.cawa.prefs.getLang(this); if (idioma.equals("en")) { TakePic.setText("Take Picture"); } else if (idioma.equals("es")) { TakePic.setText("Sacar Foto"); } RelativeLayout.LayoutParams scrollLP = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(RelativeLayout.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, RelativeLayout.LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT); layout.addView(scroll, scrollLP); realLayout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL); realLayout.setLayoutParams(new LayoutParams(LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT)); scroll.addView(realLayout); TakePic.setId(67); TakePic.setOnClickListener(this); application = (CaWaApplication) getApplication(); ListID = getIntent().getExtras().getLong("listid"); getAllThumbailsOfID(); LinearLayout.LayoutParams TakeLP = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT); realLayout.addView(TakePic); oldThumbsLoaded = 0; int galler = 100; for (int z = 0; z < Days.size(); z++) { ThumbailsManager croppedThumbs = new ThumbailsManager(Thumbails, oldThumbsLoaded, ThumbailsDays.get(z)); oldThumbsLoaded = ThumbailsDays.get(z); texts.add(new TextView(this)); texts.get(z).setText("Day " + Days.get(z).toString()); gallery.add(new Gallery(this)); gallery.get(z).setAdapter(new ImageAdapter(this, croppedThumbs.getGallery(), 250, 175, true, ListID)); gallery.get(z).setOnItemClickListener(this); gallery.get(z).setOnItemLongClickListener(this); gallery.get(z).setId(galler); galler++; realLayout.addView(texts.get(z)); realLayout.addView(gallery.get(z)); } Log.d("PicturesL", "ListID: " + ListID); setContentView(layout); } private void getAllThumbailsOfID() { ArrayList<ModelPics> Pictures = new ArrayList<ModelPics>(); ArrayList<String> ThumbailsPath = new ArrayList<String>(); Pictures = application.dataManager.selectAllPics(); long thumbpathloaded = 0; int currentID = 0; for (int x = 0; x < Pictures.size(); x++) { if (Pictures.get(x).walkname == ListID) { if (Days.size() == 0) { Days.add(Pictures.get(x).day); oldDay = Pictures.get(x).day; IDs.add(new ArrayList<Long>()); currentID = 0; } if (oldDay != Pictures.get(x).day) { oldDay = Pictures.get(x).day; ThumbailsDays.add(thumbpathloaded); Days.add(Pictures.get(x).day); IDs.add(new ArrayList<Long>()); currentID++; } StringBuilder tpath = new StringBuilder(); tpath.append(Pictures.get(x).path.substring(0, Pictures.get(x).path.length() - 4)); tpath.append("-t.jpg"); IDs.get(currentID).add(Pictures.get(x).id); ThumbailsPath.add(tpath.toString()); thumbpathloaded++; if (x == Pictures.size() - 1) { Log.d("PicturesL", "El ultimo de los arrays, tamaño: " + Days.size()); ThumbailsDays.add(thumbpathloaded); } } } for (int y = 0; y < ThumbailsPath.size(); y++) { Thumbails.add(BitmapFactory.decodeFile(ThumbailsPath.get(y))); } } I had a memory leak on another activity when screen orientation changed that was making it slower, now it is working better. The scroller is not locking up. But sometimes, when it stops scrolling, it takes a few seconds (2/3) to disable itself. I just want it to be a little more dynamic, is there any way to override the listener and make it stop scrolling ON_ACTION_UP or something like that? I don't want to use the listview because I want to have each gallery separated by other views, now I just have text, but I will probably separate them with images with a different size than the galleries. I'm not really sure if this is possible with a listadapter and a listview, I assumed that a view can only handle only one type of object, so I'm using a scrollview of a layout, if I'm wrong please correct me :) Also this activity works as a preview or selecting the pictures you want to view in full size and manage their values. So its working only with thumbnails. Each one weights 40 kb. Guessing that is very unlikely that a user gets more than 1000~1500 pictures in this view, i thought that the activity wouldn't use more than 40~50 mb of ram in this case, adding 10 more if I open the fullsized view. So I guessed as well most devices are able to display this view in full size. If it doesn't work on low-end devices my plan was to add an option in the app preferences to let user chop this view according to some database values. And a last reason is that during most of this activity "life-cycle" (the app has pics that are relevant to the view, when it ends the value that selects which pictures are displayed has to change and no more pictures are added inside this instance of this activity); the view will be unpopulated, so most of the time showing everything wont cost much, just at the end of its cycle That was more or less what I thought at the time i created this layout. I'm open to any sort of suggestion or opinion, I just created this layout a few days ago and I'm trying to see if it can work right, because it suits my app needs. Though if there is a better way i would love to hear it Thanks Mateo

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Using libgrib2c in c++ application, linker error "Undefined reference to..."

- by Rich

EDIT: If you're going to be doing things with GRIB files I would recommend the GDAL library which is backed by the Open Source Geospatial Foundation. You will save yourself a lot of headache :) I'm using Qt creator in Ubuntu creating a c++ app. I am attempting to use an external lib, libgrib2c.a, that has a header grib2.h. Everything compiles, but when it tries to link I get the error: undefined reference to 'seekgb(_IO_FILE*, long, long, long*, long*) I have tried wrapping the header file with: extern "C"{ #include "grib2.h" } But it didn't fix anything so I figured that was not my problem. In the .pro file I have the line: include($${ROOT}/Shared/common/commonLibs.pri) and in commonLibs.pri I have: INCLUDEPATH+=$${ROOT}/external_libs/g2clib/include LIBS+=-L$${ROOT}/external_libs/g2clib/lib LIBS+=-lgrib2c I am not encountering an error finding the library. If I do a nm command on the libgrib2c.a I get: nm libgrib2c.a | grep seekgb seekgb.o: 00000000 T seekgb And when I run qmake with the additional argument of LIBS+=-Wl,--verbose I can find the lib file in the output: attempt to open /usr/lib/libgrib2c.so failed attempt to open /usr/lib/libgrib2c.a failed attempt to open /mnt/sdb1/ESMF/App/ESMF_App/../external_libs/linux/qwt_6.0.2/lib/libgrib2c.so failed attempt to open /mnt/sdb1/ESMF/App/ESMF_App/../external_libs/linux/qwt_6.0.2/lib/libgrib2c.a failed attempt to open ..//Shared/Config/lib/libgrib2c.so failed attempt to open ..//Shared/Config/lib/libgrib2c.a failed attempt to open ..//external_libs/libssh2/lib/libgrib2c.so failed attempt to open ..//external_libs/libssh2/lib/libgrib2c.a failed attempt to open ..//external_libs/openssl/lib/libgrib2c.so failed attempt to open ..//external_libs/openssl/lib/libgrib2c.a failed attempt to open ..//external_libs/g2clib/lib/libgrib2c.so failed attempt to open ..//external_libs/g2clib/lib/libgrib2c.a succeeded Although it doesn't show any of the .o files in the library is this because it is a c library in my c++ app? in the .cpp file that I am trying to use the library I have: #include "gribreader.h" #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <external_libs/g2clib/include/grib2.h> #include <Shared/logging/Logger.hpp> //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ /// Opens a GRIB file from disk. /// /// This function opens the grib file and searches through it for how many GRIB /// messages are contained as well as their starting locations. /// /// \param a_filePath. The path to the file to be opened. /// \return True if successful, false if not. //------------------------------------------------------------------------------ bool GRIBReader::OpenGRIB(std::string a_filePath) { LOG(notification)<<"Attempting to open grib file: "<< a_filePath; if(isOpen()) { CloseGRIB(); } m_filePath = a_filePath; m_filePtr = fopen(a_filePath.c_str(), "r"); if(m_filePtr == NULL) { LOG(error)<<"Unable to open file: " << a_filePath; return false; } LOG(notification)<<"Successfully opened GRIB file"; g2int currentMessageSize(1); g2int seekPosition(0); g2int lengthToBeginningOfGrib(0); g2int seekLength(32000); int i(0); int iterationLimit(300); m_GRIBMessageLocations.clear(); m_GRIBMessageSizes.clear(); while(i < iterationLimit) { seekgb(m_filePtr, seekPosition, seekLength, &lengthToBeginningOfGrib, &currentMessageSize); if(currentMessageSize != 0) { LOG(verbose) << "Adding GRIB message location " << lengthToBeginningOfGrib << " with length " << currentMessageSize; m_GRIBMessageLocations.push_back(lengthToBeginningOfGrib); m_GRIBMessageSizes.push_back(currentMessageSize); seekPosition = lengthToBeginningOfGrib + currentMessageSize; LOG(verbose) << "GRIB seek position moved to " << seekPosition; } else { LOG(notification)<<"End of GRIB file found, after "<< i << " GRIB messages."; break; } } if(i >= iterationLimit) { LOG(warning) << "The iteration limit of " << iterationLimit << "was reached while searching for GRIB messages"; } return true; } And the header grib2.h is as follows: #ifndef _grib2_H #define _grib2_H #include<stdio.h> #define G2_VERSION "g2clib-1.4.0" #ifdef __64BIT__ typedef int g2int; typedef unsigned int g2intu; #else typedef long g2int; typedef unsigned long g2intu; #endif typedef float g2float; struct gtemplate { g2int type; /* 3=Grid Defintion Template. */ /* 4=Product Defintion Template. */ /* 5=Data Representation Template. */ g2int num; /* template number. */ g2int maplen; /* number of entries in the static part */ /* of the template. */ g2int *map; /* num of octets of each entry in the */ /* static part of the template. */ g2int needext; /* indicates whether or not the template needs */ /* to be extended. */ g2int extlen; /* number of entries in the template extension. */ g2int *ext; /* num of octets of each entry in the extension */ /* part of the template. */ }; typedef struct gtemplate gtemplate; struct gribfield { g2int version,discipline; g2int *idsect; g2int idsectlen; unsigned char *local; g2int locallen; g2int ifldnum; g2int griddef,ngrdpts; g2int numoct_opt,interp_opt,num_opt; g2int *list_opt; g2int igdtnum,igdtlen; g2int *igdtmpl; g2int ipdtnum,ipdtlen; g2int *ipdtmpl; g2int num_coord; g2float *coord_list; g2int ndpts,idrtnum,idrtlen; g2int *idrtmpl; g2int unpacked; g2int expanded; g2int ibmap; g2int *bmap; g2float *fld; }; typedef struct gribfield gribfield; /* Prototypes for unpacking API */ void seekgb(FILE *,g2int ,g2int ,g2int *,g2int *); g2int g2_info(unsigned char *,g2int *,g2int *,g2int *,g2int *); g2int g2_getfld(unsigned char *,g2int ,g2int ,g2int ,gribfield **); void g2_free(gribfield *); /* Prototypes for packing API */ g2int g2_create(unsigned char *,g2int *,g2int *); g2int g2_addlocal(unsigned char *,unsigned char *,g2int ); g2int g2_addgrid(unsigned char *,g2int *,g2int *,g2int *,g2int ); g2int g2_addfield(unsigned char *,g2int ,g2int *, g2float *,g2int ,g2int ,g2int *, g2float *,g2int ,g2int ,g2int *); g2int g2_gribend(unsigned char *); /* Prototypes for supporting routines */ extern double int_power(double, g2int ); extern void mkieee(g2float *,g2int *,g2int); void rdieee(g2int *,g2float *,g2int ); extern gtemplate *getpdstemplate(g2int); extern gtemplate *extpdstemplate(g2int,g2int *); extern gtemplate *getdrstemplate(g2int); extern gtemplate *extdrstemplate(g2int,g2int *); extern gtemplate *getgridtemplate(g2int); extern gtemplate *extgridtemplate(g2int,g2int *); extern void simpack(g2float *,g2int,g2int *,unsigned char *,g2int *); extern void compack(g2float *,g2int,g2int,g2int *,unsigned char *,g2int *); void misspack(g2float *,g2int ,g2int ,g2int *, unsigned char *, g2int *); void gbit(unsigned char *,g2int *,g2int ,g2int ); void sbit(unsigned char *,g2int *,g2int ,g2int ); void gbits(unsigned char *,g2int *,g2int ,g2int ,g2int ,g2int ); void sbits(unsigned char *,g2int *,g2int ,g2int ,g2int ,g2int ); int pack_gp(g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *, g2int *); #endif /* _grib2_H */ I have been scratching my head for two days on this. If anyone has an idea on what to do or can point me in some sort of direction, I'm stumped. Also, if you have any comments on how I can improve this post I'd love to hear them, kinda new at this posting thing. Usually I'm able to find an answer in the vast stores of knowledge already contained on the web.

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Followup: Python 2.6, 3 abstract base class misunderstanding

- by Aaron

I asked a question at Python 2.6, 3 abstract base class misunderstanding. My problem was that python abstract base classes didn't work quite the way I expected them to. There was some discussion in the comments about why I would want to use ABCs at all, and Alex Martelli provided an excellent answer on why my use didn't work and how to accomplish what I wanted. Here I'd like to address why one might want to use ABCs, and show my test code implementation based on Alex's answer. tl;dr: Code after the 16th paragraph. In the discussion on the original post, statements were made along the lines that you don't need ABCs in Python, and that ABCs don't do anything and are therefore not real classes; they're merely interface definitions. An abstract base class is just a tool in your tool box. It's a design tool that's been around for many years, and a programming tool that is explicitly available in many programming languages. It can be implemented manually in languages that don't provide it. An ABC is always a real class, even when it doesn't do anything but define an interface, because specifying the interface is what an ABC does. If that was all an ABC could do, that would be enough reason to have it in your toolbox, but in Python and some other languages they can do more. The basic reason to use an ABC is when you have a number of classes that all do the same thing (have the same interface) but do it differently, and you want to guarantee that that complete interface is implemented in all objects. A user of your classes can rely on the interface being completely implemented in all classes. You can maintain this guarantee manually. Over time you may succeed. Or you might forget something. Before Python had ABCs you could guarantee it semi-manually, by throwing NotImplementedError in all the base class's interface methods; you must implement these methods in derived classes. This is only a partial solution, because you can still instantiate such a base class. A more complete solution is to use ABCs as provided in Python 2.6 and above. Template methods and other wrinkles and patterns are ideas whose implementation can be made easier with full-citizen ABCs. Another idea in the comments was that Python doesn't need ABCs (understood as a class that only defines an interface) because it has multiple inheritance. The implied reference there seems to be Java and its single inheritance. In Java you "get around" single inheritance by inheriting from one or more interfaces. Java uses the word "interface" in two ways. A "Java interface" is a class with method signatures but no implementations. The methods are the interface's "interface" in the more general, non-Java sense of the word. Yes, Python has multiple inheritance, so you don't need Java-like "interfaces" (ABCs) merely to provide sets of interface methods to a class. But that's not the only reason in software development to use ABCs. Most generally, you use an ABC to specify an interface (set of methods) that will likely be implemented differently in different derived classes, yet that all derived classes must have. Additionally, there may be no sensible default implementation for the base class to provide. Finally, even an ABC with almost no interface is still useful. We use something like it when we have multiple except clauses for a try. Many exceptions have exactly the same interface, with only two differences: the exception's string value, and the actual class of the exception. In many exception clauses we use nothing about the exception except its class to decide what to do; catching one type of exception we do one thing, and another except clause catching a different exception does another thing. According to the exception module's doc page, BaseException is not intended to be derived by any user defined exceptions. If ABCs had been a first class Python concept from the beginning, it's easy to imagine BaseException being specified as an ABC. But enough of that. Here's some 2.6 code that demonstrates how to use ABCs, and how to specify a list-like ABC. Examples are run in ipython, which I like much better than the python shell for day to day work; I only wish it was available for python3. Your basic 2.6 ABC: from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod class Super(): __metaclass__ = ABCMeta @abstractmethod def method1(self): pass Test it (in ipython, python shell would be similar): In [2]: a = Super() --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) /home/aaron/projects/test/<ipython console> in <module>() TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class Super with abstract methods method1 Notice the end of the last line, where the TypeError exception tells us that method1 has not been implemented ("abstract methods method1"). That was the method designated as @abstractmethod in the preceding code. Create a subclass that inherits Super, implement method1 in the subclass and you're done. My problem, which caused me to ask the original question, was how to specify an ABC that itself defines a list interface. My naive solution was to make an ABC as above, and in the inheritance parentheses say (list). My assumption was that the class would still be abstract (can't instantiate it), and would be a list. That was wrong; inheriting from list made the class concrete, despite the abstract bits in the class definition. Alex suggested inheriting from collections.MutableSequence, which is abstract (and so doesn't make the class concrete) and list-like. I used collections.Sequence, which is also abstract but has a shorter interface and so was quicker to implement. First, Super derived from Sequence, with nothing extra: from abc import abstractmethod from collections import Sequence class Super(Sequence): pass Test it: In [6]: a = Super() --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) /home/aaron/projects/test/<ipython console> in <module>() TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class Super with abstract methods __getitem__, __len__ We can't instantiate it. A list-like full-citizen ABC; yea! Again, notice in the last line that TypeError tells us why we can't instantiate it: __getitem__ and __len__ are abstract methods. They come from collections.Sequence. But, I want a bunch of subclasses that all act like immutable lists (which collections.Sequence essentially is), and that have their own implementations of my added interface methods. In particular, I don't want to implement my own list code, Python already did that for me. So first, let's implement the missing Sequence methods, in terms of Python's list type, so that all subclasses act as lists (Sequences). First let's see the signatures of the missing abstract methods: In [12]: help(Sequence.__getitem__) Help on method __getitem__ in module _abcoll: __getitem__(self, index) unbound _abcoll.Sequence method (END) In [14]: help(Sequence.__len__) Help on method __len__ in module _abcoll: __len__(self) unbound _abcoll.Sequence method (END) __getitem__ takes an index, and __len__ takes nothing. And the implementation (so far) is: from abc import abstractmethod from collections import Sequence class Super(Sequence): # Gives us a list member for ABC methods to use. def __init__(self): self._list = [] # Abstract method in Sequence, implemented in terms of list. def __getitem__(self, index): return self._list.__getitem__(index) # Abstract method in Sequence, implemented in terms of list. def __len__(self): return self._list.__len__() # Not required. Makes printing behave like a list. def __repr__(self): return self._list.__repr__() Test it: In [34]: a = Super() In [35]: a Out[35]: [] In [36]: print a [] In [37]: len(a) Out[37]: 0 In [38]: a[0] --------------------------------------------------------------------------- IndexError Traceback (most recent call last) /home/aaron/projects/test/<ipython console> in <module>() /home/aaron/projects/test/test.py in __getitem__(self, index) 10 # Abstract method in Sequence, implemented in terms of list. 11 def __getitem__(self, index): ---> 12 return self._list.__getitem__(index) 13 14 # Abstract method in Sequence, implemented in terms of list. IndexError: list index out of range Just like a list. It's not abstract (for the moment) because we implemented both of Sequence's abstract methods. Now I want to add my bit of interface, which will be abstract in Super and therefore required to implement in any subclasses. And we'll cut to the chase and add subclasses that inherit from our ABC Super. from abc import abstractmethod from collections import Sequence class Super(Sequence): # Gives us a list member for ABC methods to use. def __init__(self): self._list = [] # Abstract method in Sequence, implemented in terms of list. def __getitem__(self, index): return self._list.__getitem__(index) # Abstract method in Sequence, implemented in terms of list. def __len__(self): return self._list.__len__() # Not required. Makes printing behave like a list. def __repr__(self): return self._list.__repr__() @abstractmethod def method1(): pass class Sub0(Super): pass class Sub1(Super): def __init__(self): self._list = [1, 2, 3] def method1(self): return [x**2 for x in self._list] def method2(self): return [x/2.0 for x in self._list] class Sub2(Super): def __init__(self): self._list = [10, 20, 30, 40] def method1(self): return [x+2 for x in self._list] We've added a new abstract method to Super, method1. This makes Super abstract again. A new class Sub0 which inherits from Super but does not implement method1, so it's also an ABC. Two new classes Sub1 and Sub2, which both inherit from Super. They both implement method1 from Super, so they're not abstract. Both implementations of method1 are different. Sub1 and Sub2 also both initialize themselves differently; in real life they might initialize themselves wildly differently. So you have two subclasses which both "is a" Super (they both implement Super's required interface) although their implementations are different. Also remember that Super, although an ABC, provides four non-abstract methods. So Super provides two things to subclasses: an implementation of collections.Sequence, and an additional abstract interface (the one abstract method) that subclasses must implement. Also, class Sub1 implements an additional method, method2, which is not part of Super's interface. Sub1 "is a" Super, but it also has additional capabilities. Test it: In [52]: a = Super() --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) /home/aaron/projects/test/<ipython console> in <module>() TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class Super with abstract methods method1 In [53]: a = Sub0() --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) /home/aaron/projects/test/<ipython console> in <module>() TypeError: Can't instantiate abstract class Sub0 with abstract methods method1 In [54]: a = Sub1() In [55]: a Out[55]: [1, 2, 3] In [56]: b = Sub2() In [57]: b Out[57]: [10, 20, 30, 40] In [58]: print a, b [1, 2, 3] [10, 20, 30, 40] In [59]: a, b Out[59]: ([1, 2, 3], [10, 20, 30, 40]) In [60]: a.method1() Out[60]: [1, 4, 9] In [61]: b.method1() Out[61]: [12, 22, 32, 42] In [62]: a.method2() Out[62]: [0.5, 1.0, 1.5] [63]: a[:2] Out[63]: [1, 2] In [64]: a[0] = 5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- TypeError Traceback (most recent call last) /home/aaron/projects/test/<ipython console> in <module>() TypeError: 'Sub1' object does not support item assignment Super and Sub0 are abstract and can't be instantiated (lines 52 and 53). Sub1 and Sub2 are concrete and have an immutable Sequence interface (54 through 59). Sub1 and Sub2 are instantiated differently, and their method1 implementations are different (60, 61). Sub1 includes an additional method2, beyond what's required by Super (62). Any concrete Super acts like a list/Sequence (63). A collections.Sequence is immutable (64). Finally, a wart: In [65]: a._list Out[65]: [1, 2, 3] In [66]: a._list = [] In [67]: a Out[67]: [] Super._list is spelled with a single underscore. Double underscore would have protected it from this last bit, but would have broken the implementation of methods in subclasses. Not sure why; I think because double underscore is private, and private means private. So ultimately this whole scheme relies on a gentleman's agreement not to reach in and muck with Super._list directly, as in line 65 above. Would love to know if there's a safer way to do that.

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jquery .hide() bug in safari

- by phil crowe

ive been having issues with this hide bug thats only affecting safari. This is a simple vertical scroller that hides the first element in the list then shows the last. and works in everything apart from safari. the problem seems to be that the divs im working with here share the same class but have unique ids like #mycollectioncomment1, #mycollectioncomment2, #mycollectioncomment3 etc... however hiding just one of these divs hides all the other divs that share the same class. Ive tried .fadeOut(0) that everyone suggests as the work around but it just doesnt work here. var commentListCount = $(".myCollectionLatest").size(); var mycollclickCount = 0; var showingcomments = 5; if ($('.licomment').size() > 0) { showingcomments = 4; //alert("this"); } if ($('.lookInSeasonList').size() > 0) { showingcomments = 5; } if ($('.lookDescMiddle').size() > 0) { showingcomments = 8; } if ($('.MyCollectionsCollectionHolder').size() > 0) { showingcomments = 5; } // if (commentListCount > 5) { $(".myCollectionLatest").hide(); for (i = 0; i < showingcomments; i++) { $("#mycollectioncomment" + i).show(); } $('#mycolldown').click(function () { var element1, element2; if (showingcomments <= commentListCount) { mycollclickCount++; element1 = $("#mycollectioncomment" + mycollclickCount.toString()); element2 = $("#mycollectioncomment" + showingcomments.toString()); element1.closest('.licomment').hide(); element2.closest('.licomment').show(); showingcomments++; } }); $('#mycollup').click(function () { if (showingcomments <= 5) { } else { $("#mycollectioncomment" + mycollclickCount.toString()).show(); $("#mycollectioncomment" + mycollclickCount.toString()).closest('.licomment').show(); mycollclickCount--; showingcomments--; $("#mycollectioncomment" + showingcomments.toString()).hide(); $("#mycollectioncomment" + showingcomments.toString()).closest('.licomment').show(); } }); ---html markup --- <div style="width:260px; height:975px; float:left; border-right:solid 1px #e70079; border-bottom:solid 1px #e70079; border-left:solid 1px #e70079; margin-top:180px;"> <h2 align="center"> <br /> COLLECTION LATEST </h2> <img src="/images/my-collection/black-up.jpg" id="mycollup" /><ul><li class="licomment"><div class="myCollectionLatest" id="mycollectioncomment1"><div style="float:left;"><div class="colltoppic"><a href="/my-collection.aspx?memberId=6855"><img src="/media/6855/makeuo_main.jpg" width="74" height="74" onerror="ImgError(this);" /></a></div><div class="collbottompic" /><div style="float:left; position:absolute; margin-left:83px; margin-top:-84px;" class="mycolllatestlinks"><b><a href="/my-collection.aspx?memberId=6855" class="usernamelinkdiv">CHARLOTTE</a> SAID ABOUT <span class="pinkTxt"><br /><a href="/products/face/powder/pressed-powder.aspx">PRESSED POWDER</a></span></b><p>put this on after foundation. its the best cover powder + re... </p></div><div class="randomCommentsSeeMore"><span class="pinkTxt"><a href="/my-collection.aspx?memberId=6855"> See more <img src="/images/navControls/more-arrow.jpg" alt="see more" /></a></span></div></div></div></li><li class="licomment"><div class="myCollectionLatest" id="mycollectioncomment2"><div style="float:left;"><div class="colltoppic"><a href="/my-collection.aspx?memberId=6331"><img src="/media/6331/26462_1267423081357_1103204986_2592317_7875205_n_main.jpg" width="74" height="74" onerror="ImgError(this);" /></a></div><div class="collbottompic" /><div style="float:left; 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Twitter Bootstrap styling conflicts with plug-ins like jqGrid and other third part libraries

- by Renso

Issues:The concern is that the Twitter Bootstrap framework is that some of their css selectors are simply too generic and have incompatibility issues and conflicts with most third party plug-ins and css libraries, like jQuery-UI and jqGrid.My most pressing concern is only with the generic selector for the styling of "INPUT" controls.Some concerns:So basically anyone using BS (Bootstrap) will have to override styling 100% of the time on all input controls on all their web pages for all the plug-ins they use that render their own styling for input controls. This seems to chisel away any reason for using Bootstrap. Overriding Bootstrap css in this case seems illogical at best as it implies the BS styling is not correct or as granular as it is supposed to be. It also suggests you realize there is an issue here. Any person who has written a fair amount of css will realize that it is a mammoth task to to take an existing app, converting it to BS and then having to find all non-BS input controls and styling them all. The worst part is that there is no generic styling for this as each input control has a different source/context, some are regular tags and some belong to plug-ins, each with their own flavor of styling. For new web apps the challenge is not that different, each time you add a new plug-in you will have to test all facets of it, and I mean all of it, pop-ups, etc, that contain any kind of input control to make sure it is styled correctly. I am having a hard time seeing the benefits of BS in this context. So until the BS team addresses the issue, or not, you may be wondering what is the easiest solution.Help the community to drive this issue home by creating a new issue on github, see my entry here: https://github.com/twitter/bootstrap/issues/4008. As you can see I got some good and some negative feedback, but we all agree it is an issue. I do believe my solution below should be reverse compatible if the proper class declarations were followed as recommended by Bootstrap.The solution:Add a higher-level qualifier to the input selector, which may not break anything. Add "control-group" and "controls" classes as higher-level selectors, as they have to be declared inside those classes anyway as far as I understand the design approach of BS. So in my example below can modify the css without possible breaking anything, see the css at the bottom. I tested this briefly and seems to render just as expected. May not be complete as I only spent a few minutes on the css. Your feedback will be greatly appreciated. <div class="control-group"> <label title="" for="Contact_FirstName" class="control-label">First Name</label> <div class="controls"> <input type="text" value="" name="Contact.FirstName" id="Contact_FirstName" data-val-required="The Reader Contact&#39;s First Name is required" data-val-length-min="2" data-val-length-max="250" data-val-length="The maximum length allowed for the Reader Contact&#39;s First Name is 250 characters and must be two or more characters long" data-val="true" class="input-medium"> <span data-valmsg-replace="true" data-valmsg-for="Contact.FirstName" class="field-validation-valid"></span> </div></div>Here are the SCSS (SASS) updates. In stead of just including the updates I decided to include the entire bootstrap SCSS file so you can just copy-and-paste it in stead of trying to figure out what selectors have changed./*! * Bootstrap v2.0.4 * Enhacement by Renso Hollhumer * Copyright 2012 Twitter, Inc * Licensed under the Apache License v2.0 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Designed and built with all the love in the world @twitter by @mdo and @fat. * Enhancement by Renso Hollhumer: To isolate styling of INPUT tags to the Bootstrap context only */.clearfix { *zoom: 1;}.clearfix:before,.clearfix:after { display: table; content: "";}.clearfix:after { clear: both;}.hide-text { font: 0/0 a; color: transparent; text-shadow: none; background-color: transparent; border: 0;}.input-block-level { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box;}article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,nav,section { display: block;}audio,canvas,video { display: inline-block; *display: inline; *zoom: 1;}audio:not([controls]) { display: none;}html { font-size: 100%; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;}a:focus { outline: thin dotted #333; outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color; outline-offset: -2px;}a:hover,a:active { outline: 0;}sub,sup { position: relative; font-size: 75%; line-height: 0; vertical-align: baseline;}sup { top: -0.5em;}sub { bottom: -0.25em;}img { max-width: 100%; vertical-align: middle; border: 0; -ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;}#map_canvas img { max-width: none;}button,input,select,textarea { margin: 0; font-size: 100%; vertical-align: middle;}button,input { *overflow: visible; line-height: normal;}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner { padding: 0; border: 0;}button,input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"] { cursor: pointer; -webkit-appearance: button;}input[type="search"] { -webkit-box-sizing: content-box; -moz-box-sizing: content-box; box-sizing: content-box; -webkit-appearance: textfield;}input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration,input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-cancel-button { -webkit-appearance: none;}textarea { overflow: auto; vertical-align: top;}body { margin: 0; font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px; color: #333333; background-color: #ffffff;}a { color: #0088cc; text-decoration: none;}a:hover { color: #005580; text-decoration: underline;}.row { margin-left: -20px; *zoom: 1;}.row:before,.row:after { display: table; content: "";}.row:after { clear: both;}[class*="span"] { float: left; margin-left: 20px;}.container,.navbar-fixed-top .container,.navbar-fixed-bottom .container { width: 940px;}.span12 { width: 940px;}.span11 { width: 860px;}.span10 { width: 780px;}.span9 { width: 700px;}.span8 { width: 620px;}.span7 { width: 540px;}.span6 { width: 460px;}.span5 { width: 380px;}.span4 { width: 300px;}.span3 { width: 220px;}.span2 { width: 140px;}.span1 { width: 60px;}.offset12 { margin-left: 980px;}.offset11 { margin-left: 900px;}.offset10 { margin-left: 820px;}.offset9 { margin-left: 740px;}.offset8 { margin-left: 660px;}.offset7 { margin-left: 580px;}.offset6 { margin-left: 500px;}.offset5 { margin-left: 420px;}.offset4 { margin-left: 340px;}.offset3 { margin-left: 260px;}.offset2 { margin-left: 180px;}.offset1 { margin-left: 100px;}.row-fluid { width: 100%; 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left: 0; margin-top: -5px; border-top: 5px solid transparent; border-bottom: 5px solid transparent; border-right: 5px solid #000000;}.popover.bottom .arrow { top: 0; left: 50%; margin-left: -5px; border-left: 5px solid transparent; border-right: 5px solid transparent; border-bottom: 5px solid #000000;}.popover.left .arrow { top: 50%; right: 0; margin-top: -5px; border-top: 5px solid transparent; border-bottom: 5px solid transparent; border-left: 5px solid #000000;}.popover .arrow { position: absolute; width: 0; height: 0;}.popover-inner { padding: 3px; width: 280px; overflow: hidden; background: #000000; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8); -webkit-border-radius: 6px; -moz-border-radius: 6px; border-radius: 6px; -webkit-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); -moz-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);}.popover-title { padding: 9px 15px; line-height: 1; background-color: #f5f5f5; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee; -webkit-border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0; -moz-border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;}.popover-content { padding: 14px; background-color: #ffffff; -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px; -moz-border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px; border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px; -webkit-background-clip: padding-box; -moz-background-clip: padding-box; background-clip: padding-box;}.popover-content p,.popover-content ul,.popover-content ol { margin-bottom: 0;}.modal-open .dropdown-menu { z-index: 2050;}.modal-open .dropdown.open { *z-index: 2050;}.modal-open .popover { z-index: 2060;}.modal-open .tooltip { z-index: 2070;}.modal-backdrop { position: fixed; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; z-index: 1040; background-color: #000000;}.modal-backdrop.fade { opacity: 0;}.modal-backdrop,.modal-backdrop.fade.in { opacity: 0.8; filter: alpha(opacity=80);}.modal { position: fixed; top: 50%; left: 50%; z-index: 1050; overflow: auto; width: 560px; margin: -250px 0 0 -280px; background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #999; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); *border: 1px solid #999; /* IE6-7 */ -webkit-border-radius: 6px; -moz-border-radius: 6px; border-radius: 6px; -webkit-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); -moz-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); -webkit-background-clip: padding-box; -moz-background-clip: padding-box; background-clip: padding-box;}.modal.fade { -webkit-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out; -moz-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out; -ms-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out; -o-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out; transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out; top: -25%;}.modal.fade.in { top: 50%;}.modal-header { padding: 9px 15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;}.modal-header .close { margin-top: 2px;}.modal-body { overflow-y: auto; max-height: 400px; padding: 15px;}.modal-form { margin-bottom: 0;}.modal-footer { padding: 14px 15px 15px; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: right; background-color: #f5f5f5; border-top: 1px solid #ddd; -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px; -moz-border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px; border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff; -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff; box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff; *zoom: 1;}.modal-footer:before,.modal-footer:after { display: table; content: "";}.modal-footer:after { clear: both;}.modal-footer .btn + .btn { margin-left: 5px; margin-bottom: 0;}.modal-footer .btn-group .btn + .btn { margin-left: -1px;}.dropup,.dropdown { position: relative;}.dropdown-toggle { *margin-bottom: -3px;}.dropdown-toggle:active,.open .dropdown-toggle { outline: 0;}.caret { display: inline-block; width: 0; height: 0; vertical-align: top; border-top: 4px solid #000000; border-right: 4px solid transparent; border-left: 4px solid transparent; content: ""; opacity: 0.3; filter: alpha(opacity=30);}.dropdown .caret { margin-top: 8px; margin-left: 2px;}.dropdown:hover .caret,.open .caret { opacity: 1; filter: alpha(opacity=100);}.dropdown-menu { position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 0; z-index: 1000; display: none; float: left; min-width: 160px; padding: 4px 0; margin: 1px 0 0; list-style: none; background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #ccc; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); *border-right-width: 2px; *border-bottom-width: 2px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; -moz-border-radius: 5px; border-radius: 5px; -webkit-box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); -moz-box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); -webkit-background-clip: padding-box; -moz-background-clip: padding; background-clip: padding-box;}.dropdown-menu.pull-right { right: 0; left: auto;}.dropdown-menu .divider { *width: 100%; height: 1px; margin: 8px 1px; *margin: -5px 0 5px; overflow: hidden; background-color: #e5e5e5; border-bottom: 1px solid #ffffff;}.dropdown-menu a { display: block; padding: 3px 15px; clear: both; font-weight: normal; line-height: 18px; color: #333333; white-space: nowrap;}.dropdown-menu li > a:hover,.dropdown-menu .active > a,.dropdown-menu .active > a:hover { color: #ffffff; text-decoration: none; background-color: #0088cc;}.open { *z-index: 1000;}.open > .dropdown-menu { display: block;}.pull-right > .dropdown-menu { right: 0; left: auto;}.dropup .caret,.navbar-fixed-bottom .dropdown .caret { border-top: 0; border-bottom: 4px solid #000000; content: "\2191";}.dropup .dropdown-menu,.navbar-fixed-bottom .dropdown .dropdown-menu { top: auto; bottom: 100%; margin-bottom: 1px;}.typeahead { margin-top: 2px; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px;}.accordion { margin-bottom: 18px;}.accordion-group { margin-bottom: 2px; border: 1px solid #e5e5e5; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px;}.accordion-heading { border-bottom: 0;}.accordion-heading .accordion-toggle { display: block; padding: 8px 15px;}.accordion-toggle { cursor: pointer;}.accordion-inner { padding: 9px 15px; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5;}.carousel { position: relative; margin-bottom: 18px; line-height: 1;}.carousel-inner { overflow: hidden; width: 100%; position: relative;}.carousel .item { display: none; position: relative; -webkit-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left; -moz-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left; -ms-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left; -o-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left; transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;}.carousel .item > img { display: block; line-height: 1;}.carousel .active,.carousel .next,.carousel .prev { display: block;}.carousel .active { left: 0;}.carousel .next,.carousel .prev { position: absolute; top: 0; width: 100%;}.carousel .next { left: 100%;}.carousel .prev { left: -100%;}.carousel .next.left,.carousel .prev.right { left: 0;}.carousel .active.left { left: -100%;}.carousel .active.right { left: 100%;}.carousel-control { position: absolute; top: 40%; left: 15px; width: 40px; height: 40px; margin-top: -20px; font-size: 60px; font-weight: 100; line-height: 30px; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; background: #222222; border: 3px solid #ffffff; -webkit-border-radius: 23px; -moz-border-radius: 23px; border-radius: 23px; opacity: 0.5; filter: alpha(opacity=50);}.carousel-control.right { left: auto; right: 15px;}.carousel-control:hover { color: #ffffff; text-decoration: none; opacity: 0.9; filter: alpha(opacity=90);}.carousel-caption { position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; padding: 10px 15px 5px; background: #333333; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75);}.carousel-caption h4,.carousel-caption p { color: #ffffff;}.well { min-height: 20px; padding: 19px; margin-bottom: 20px; background-color: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #eee; border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); -webkit-border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);}.well blockquote { border-color: #ddd; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);}.well-large { padding: 24px; -webkit-border-radius: 6px; -moz-border-radius: 6px; border-radius: 6px;}.well-small { padding: 9px; -webkit-border-radius: 3px; -moz-border-radius: 3px; border-radius: 3px;}.close { float: right; font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 18px; color: #000000; text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #ffffff; opacity: 0.2; filter: alpha(opacity=20);}.close:hover { color: #000000; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; opacity: 0.4; filter: alpha(opacity=40);}button.close { padding: 0; cursor: pointer; background: transparent; border: 0; -webkit-appearance: none;}.pull-right { float: right;}.pull-left { float: left;}.hide { display: none;}.show { display: block;}.invisible { visibility: hidden;}.fade { opacity: 0; -webkit-transition: opacity 0.15s linear; -moz-transition: opacity 0.15s linear; -ms-transition: opacity 0.15s linear; -o-transition: opacity 0.15s linear; transition: opacity 0.15s linear;}.fade.in { opacity: 1;}.collapse { position: relative; height: 0; overflow: hidden; -webkit-transition: height 0.35s ease; -moz-transition: height 0.35s ease; -ms-transition: height 0.35s ease; -o-transition: height 0.35s ease; transition: height 0.35s ease;}.collapse.in { height: auto;}.hidden { display: none; visibility: hidden;}.visible-phone { display: none !important;}.visible-tablet { display: none !important;}.hidden-desktop { display: none !important;}@media (max-width: 767px) { .visible-phone { display: inherit !important; } .hidden-phone { display: none !important; } .hidden-desktop { display: inherit !important; } .visible-desktop { display: none !important; }}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 979px) { .visible-tablet { display: inherit !important; } .hidden-tablet { display: none !important; } .hidden-desktop { display: inherit !important; } .visible-desktop { display: none !important ; }}@media (max-width: 480px) { .nav-collapse { -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0); } .page-header h1 small { display: block; line-height: 18px; } input[type="checkbox"], input[type="radio"] { border: 1px solid #ccc; } .form-horizontal .control-group > label { float: none; width: auto; padding-top: 0; text-align: left; } .form-horizontal .controls { margin-left: 0; } .form-horizontal .control-list { padding-top: 0; } .form-horizontal .form-actions { padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; } .modal { position: absolute; top: 10px; left: 10px; right: 10px; width: auto; margin: 0; } .modal.fade.in { top: auto; } .modal-header .close { padding: 10px; margin: -10px; } .carousel-caption { position: static; }}@media (max-width: 767px) { body { padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px; } .navbar-fixed-top, .navbar-fixed-bottom { margin-left: -20px; margin-right: -20px; } .container-fluid { padding: 0; } .dl-horizontal dt { float: none; clear: none; width: auto; text-align: left; } .dl-horizontal dd { margin-left: 0; } .container { width: auto; } .row-fluid { width: 100%; } .row, .thumbnails { margin-left: 0; } [class*="span"], .row-fluid [class*="span"] { float: none; display: block; width: auto; margin-left: 0; } .input-large, .input-xlarge, .input-xxlarge, input[class*="span"], select[class*="span"], textarea[class*="span"], .uneditable-input { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; } .input-prepend input, .input-append input, .input-prepend input[class*="span"], .input-append input[class*="span"] { display: inline-block; width: auto; }}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 979px) { .row { margin-left: -20px; *zoom: 1; } .row:before, .row:after { display: table; content: ""; } .row:after { clear: both; } [class*="span"] { float: left; margin-left: 20px; } .container, .navbar-fixed-top .container, .navbar-fixed-bottom .container { width: 724px; } .span12 { width: 724px; } .span11 { width: 662px; } .span10 { width: 600px; } .span9 { width: 538px; } .span8 { width: 476px; } .span7 { width: 414px; } .span6 { width: 352px; } .span5 { width: 290px; } .span4 { width: 228px; } .span3 { width: 166px; } .span2 { width: 104px; } .span1 { width: 42px; } .offset12 { margin-left: 764px; } .offset11 { margin-left: 702px; } .offset10 { margin-left: 640px; } .offset9 { margin-left: 578px; } .offset8 { margin-left: 516px; } .offset7 { margin-left: 454px; } .offset6 { margin-left: 392px; } .offset5 { margin-left: 330px; } .offset4 { margin-left: 268px; } .offset3 { margin-left: 206px; } .offset2 { margin-left: 144px; } .offset1 { margin-left: 82px; } .row-fluid { width: 100%; *zoom: 1; } .row-fluid:before, .row-fluid:after { display: table; content: ""; } .row-fluid:after { clear: both; } .row-fluid [class*="span"] { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin-left: 2.762430939%; *margin-left: 2.709239449638298%; } .row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child { margin-left: 0; } .row-fluid .span12 { width: 99.999999993%; *width: 99.9468085036383%; } .row-fluid .span11 { width: 91.436464082%; *width: 91.38327259263829%; } .row-fluid .span10 { width: 82.87292817100001%; *width: 82.8197366816383%; } .row-fluid .span9 { width: 74.30939226%; *width: 74.25620077063829%; } .row-fluid .span8 { width: 65.74585634900001%; *width: 65.6926648596383%; } .row-fluid .span7 { width: 57.182320438000005%; *width: 57.129128948638304%; } .row-fluid .span6 { width: 48.618784527%; *width: 48.5655930376383%; } .row-fluid .span5 { width: 40.055248616%; *width: 40.0020571266383%; } .row-fluid .span4 { width: 31.491712705%; *width: 31.4385212156383%; } .row-fluid .span3 { width: 22.928176794%; *width: 22.874985304638297%; } .row-fluid .span2 { width: 14.364640883%; *width: 14.311449393638298%; } .row-fluid .span1 { width: 5.801104972%; *width: 5.747913482638298%; } input, textarea, .uneditable-input { margin-left: 0; } input.span12, textarea.span12, .uneditable-input.span12 { width: 714px; } input.span11, textarea.span11, .uneditable-input.span11 { width: 652px; } input.span10, textarea.span10, .uneditable-input.span10 { width: 590px; } input.span9, textarea.span9, .uneditable-input.span9 { width: 528px; } input.span8, textarea.span8, .uneditable-input.span8 { width: 466px; } input.span7, textarea.span7, .uneditable-input.span7 { width: 404px; } input.span6, textarea.span6, .uneditable-input.span6 { width: 342px; } input.span5, textarea.span5, .uneditable-input.span5 { width: 280px; } input.span4, textarea.span4, .uneditable-input.span4 { width: 218px; } input.span3, textarea.span3, .uneditable-input.span3 { width: 156px; } input.span2, textarea.span2, .uneditable-input.span2 { width: 94px; } input.span1, textarea.span1, .uneditable-input.span1 { width: 32px; }}@media (min-width: 1200px) { .row { margin-left: -30px; *zoom: 1; } .row:before, .row:after { display: table; content: ""; } .row:after { clear: both; } [class*="span"] { float: left; margin-left: 30px; } .container, .navbar-fixed-top .container, .navbar-fixed-bottom .container { width: 1170px; } .span12 { width: 1170px; } .span11 { width: 1070px; } .span10 { width: 970px; } .span9 { width: 870px; } .span8 { width: 770px; } .span7 { width: 670px; } .span6 { width: 570px; } .span5 { width: 470px; } .span4 { width: 370px; } .span3 { width: 270px; } .span2 { width: 170px; } .span1 { width: 70px; } .offset12 { margin-left: 1230px; } .offset11 { margin-left: 1130px; } .offset10 { margin-left: 1030px; } .offset9 { margin-left: 930px; } .offset8 { margin-left: 830px; } .offset7 { margin-left: 730px; } .offset6 { margin-left: 630px; } .offset5 { margin-left: 530px; } .offset4 { margin-left: 430px; } .offset3 { margin-left: 330px; } .offset2 { margin-left: 230px; } .offset1 { margin-left: 130px; } .row-fluid { width: 100%; *zoom: 1; } .row-fluid:before, .row-fluid:after { display: table; content: ""; } .row-fluid:after { clear: both; } .row-fluid [class*="span"] { display: block; width: 100%; min-height: 28px; -webkit-box-sizing: border-box; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; -ms-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; margin-left: 2.564102564%; *margin-left: 2.510911074638298%; } .row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child { margin-left: 0; } .row-fluid .span12 { width: 100%; *width: 99.94680851063829%; } .row-fluid .span11 { width: 91.45299145300001%; *width: 91.3997999636383%; } .row-fluid .span10 { width: 82.905982906%; *width: 82.8527914166383%; } .row-fluid .span9 { width: 74.358974359%; *width: 74.30578286963829%; } .row-fluid .span8 { width: 65.81196581200001%; *width: 65.7587743226383%; } .row-fluid .span7 { width: 57.264957265%; *width: 57.2117657756383%; } .row-fluid .span6 { width: 48.717948718%; *width: 48.6647572286383%; } .row-fluid .span5 { width: 40.170940171000005%; *width: 40.117748681638304%; } .row-fluid .span4 { width: 31.623931624%; *width: 31.5707401346383%; } .row-fluid .span3 { width: 23.076923077%; *width: 23.0237315876383%; } .row-fluid .span2 { width: 14.529914530000001%; *width: 14.4767230406383%; } .row-fluid .span1 { width: 5.982905983%; *width: 5.929714493638298%; } input, textarea, .uneditable-input { margin-left: 0; } input.span12, textarea.span12, .uneditable-input.span12 { width: 1160px; } input.span11, textarea.span11, .uneditable-input.span11 { width: 1060px; } input.span10, textarea.span10, .uneditable-input.span10 { width: 960px; } input.span9, textarea.span9, .uneditable-input.span9 { width: 860px; } input.span8, textarea.span8, .uneditable-input.span8 { width: 760px; } input.span7, textarea.span7, .uneditable-input.span7 { width: 660px; } input.span6, textarea.span6, .uneditable-input.span6 { width: 560px; } input.span5, textarea.span5, .uneditable-input.span5 { width: 460px; } input.span4, textarea.span4, .uneditable-input.span4 { width: 360px; } input.span3, textarea.span3, .uneditable-input.span3 { width: 260px; } input.span2, textarea.span2, .uneditable-input.span2 { width: 160px; } input.span1, textarea.span1, .uneditable-input.span1 { width: 60px; } .thumbnails { margin-left: -30px; } .thumbnails > li { margin-left: 30px; } .row-fluid .thumbnails { margin-left: 0; }}@media (max-width: 979px) { body { padding-top: 0; } .navbar-fixed-top, .navbar-fixed-bottom { position: static; } .navbar-fixed-top { margin-bottom: 18px; } .navbar-fixed-bottom { margin-top: 18px; } .navbar-fixed-top .navbar-inner, .navbar-fixed-bottom .navbar-inner { padding: 5px; } .navbar .container { width: auto; padding: 0; } .navbar .brand { padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; margin: 0 0 0 -5px; } .nav-collapse { clear: both; } .nav-collapse .nav { float: none; margin: 0 0 9px; } .nav-collapse .nav > li { float: none; } .nav-collapse .nav > li > a { margin-bottom: 2px; } .nav-collapse .nav > .divider-vertical { display: none; } .nav-collapse .nav .nav-header { color: #999999; text-shadow: none; } .nav-collapse .nav > li > a, .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu a { padding: 6px 15px; font-weight: bold; color: #999999; -webkit-border-radius: 3px; -moz-border-radius: 3px; border-radius: 3px; } .nav-collapse .btn { padding: 4px 10px 4px; font-weight: normal; -webkit-border-radius: 4px; -moz-border-radius: 4px; border-radius: 4px; } .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu li + li a { margin-bottom: 2px; } .nav-collapse .nav > li > a:hover, .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu a:hover { background-color: #222222; } .nav-collapse.in .btn-group { margin-top: 5px; padding: 0; } .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu { position: static; top: auto; left: auto; float: none; display: block; max-width: none; margin: 0 15px; padding: 0; background-color: transparent; border: none; -webkit-border-radius: 0; -moz-border-radius: 0; border-radius: 0; -webkit-box-shadow: none; -moz-box-shadow: none; box-shadow: none; } .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu:before, .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu:after { display: none; } .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu .divider { display: none; } .nav-collapse .navbar-form, .nav-collapse .navbar-search { float: none; padding: 9px 15px; margin: 9px 0; border-top: 1px solid #222222; border-bottom: 1px solid #222222; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1); -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1); } .navbar .nav-collapse .nav.pull-right { float: none; margin-left: 0; } .nav-collapse, .nav-collapse.collapse { overflow: hidden; height: 0; } .navbar .btn-navbar { display: block; } .navbar-static .navbar-inner { padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; }}@media (min-width: 980px) { .nav-collapse.collapse { height: auto !important; overflow: visible !important; }}

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