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Find all A^x in a given range

- by Austin Henley

I need to find all monomials in the form AX that when evaluated falls within a range from m to n. It is safe to say that the base A is greater than 1, the power X is greater than 2, and only integers need to be used. For example, in the range 50 to 100, the solutions would be: 2^6 3^4 4^3 My first attempt to solve this was to brute force all combinations of A and X that make "sense." However this becomes too slow when used for very large numbers in a big range since these solutions are used in part of much more intensive processing. Here is the code: def monoSearch(min, max): base = 2 power = 3 while 1: while base**power < max: if base**power > min: print "Found " + repr(base) + "^" + repr(power) + " = " + repr(base**power) power = power + 1 base = base + 1 power = 3 if base**power > max: break I could remove one base**power by saving the value in a temporary variable but I don't think that would make a drastic effect. I also wondered if using logarithms would be better or if there was a closed form expression for this. I am open to any optimizations or alternatives to finding the solutions.

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Top n items in a List ( including duplicates )

- by Krishnan

Trying to find an efficient way to obtain the top N items in a very large list, possibly containing duplicates. I first tried sorting & slicing, which works. But this seems unnnecessary. You shouldn't need to sort a very large list if you just want the top 20 members. So I wrote a recursive routine which builds the top-n list. This also works, but is very much slower than the non-recursive one! Question: Which is my second routine (elite2) so much slower than elite, and how do I make it faster ? My code is attached below. Thanks. import scala.collection.SeqView import scala.math.min object X { def elite(s: SeqView[Int, List[Int]], k:Int):List[Int] = { s.sorted.reverse.force.slice(0,min(k,s.size)) } def elite2(s: SeqView[Int, List[Int]], k:Int, s2:List[Int]=Nil):List[Int] = { if( k == 0 || s.size == 0) s2.reverse else { val m = s.max val parts = s.force.partition(_==m) val whole = if( parts._1.size > 1) parts._1.tail:::parts._2 else parts._2 elite2( whole.view, k-1, m::s2 ) } } def main(args:Array[String]) = { val N = 1000000/3 val x = List(N to 1 by -1).flatten.map(x=>List(x,x,x)).flatten.view println(elite2(x,20)) println(elite(x,20)) } }

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Centering Divisions Around Zero

- by Mark

I'm trying to create something that sort of resembles a histogram. I'm trying to create buckets from an array. Suppose I have a random array doubles between -10 and 10; this is very simplified. I then want to specify a center point, in this case 0 and the number of buckets. If I want 4 buckets the division would be -10 to -5, -5 to 0, 0 to 5 and 5 to 10. Not that complicated right. Now if I change the min and max to -12 and -9 and as for 4 divisions its more complicated. I either want a division at -3 and 3; it is centered around 0 ; or one at -6 to 0 and 0 to 6. Its not that hard to find the division size = Math.Ceiling((Abs(Max) + Abs(Min)) / Divisions) Then you would basically have an if statement to determine whether you want it centered on 0 or on an edge. You then iterate out from either 0 or DivisionSize/2 depending on the situation. You may not ALWAYS end up with the specified number of divisions but it will be close. Then you iterate through the array and increment the bin count. Does this seem like a good way to go about this? This method would surely work but it does not seem to be the most elegant. I'm curious as to whether the creation of the bins and the counting from the list could be done in a clever class with linq in a more elegant way? Something like creating the bins and then having each bin be a property {get;} that returns list.Count(x=> x >= Lower && x < Upper).

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How to select a single object using Linq in vb.net

- by Hucker

I have done a lot of searching to what appears to be a simple LINQ problem but I can't figure out how to do grab an object out of a collection that has a specified minimum (or max value) without resorting to a sort like this: > dim customers= GetCustomers() > > dim youngest = (From c in customers > Order By c.age Ascending).ToList.First This (untested code) structure works fine with the exception that the entire customer array must be sorted and placed into a list for the only purpose of extracting the first value. That can't be the best way to get the minimum! Note that I want the whole c record in this case, not the minumum age of a customer that can be done like this (a typical example): > dim customers= GetCustomers() > > dim youngest = (From c in customers > Select c.age).Min Or even > dim customers= GetCustomers() > > dim youngest = (From c in customers > Select c).Min(Function(x) x.age) I can't for the life of me figure out how to get the whole object (or even the index) without resorting to the sort...

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jQuery trigger function on change

- by Michael Pasqualone

I have the following two slider functions which work well and display like so: I have diskAmount and transferAmount stored in global vars, however what I am now trying to figure out is how do I get the sum of the two to initially show as the monthly fee, and then update when either of the two sliders are changed. So in my screenshot above the initial state will be $24.75, and the fee will update if the sliders change. Can anyone point me in the right direction? I get can the initial fee to show, but can't figure out how to get 1 function to call another function within jQuery. $(function() { $("#disk").slider({ value:3, min: 1, max: 80, step: 1, slide: function(event, ui) { $("#diskamount").val(ui.value + ' Gb'); $("#diskamountUnit").val('$' + parseFloat(ui.value * diskCost).toFixed(2)); } }); // Set initial diskamount state $("#diskamount").val($("#disk").slider("value") + ' Gb'); // Set initial diskamountUnit state diskAmount = $("#disk").slider("value") * diskCost; $("#diskamountUnit").val('$' + diskAmount.toFixed(2)); }); $(function() { $("#data").slider({ value:25, min: 1, max: 200, step: 1, slide: function(event, ui) { $("#dataamount").val(ui.value + ' Gb'); $("#dataamountUnit").val('$' + parseFloat(ui.value * transferCost).toFixed(2)); } }); // Set initial dataamount state $("#dataamount").val($("#data").slider("value") + ' Gb'); // Set initial dataamountUnit state transferAmount = $("#data").slider("value") * transferCost; $("#dataamountUnit").val('$' + transferAmount.toFixed(2)); });

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Jquery Mobile 1.2 Multiple Checkbox Selection Issue

- by user1819957

I'm coding a Jquery Mobile 1.2, Jquery 1.8.2, css, and HTML 5 based app that I need to allow the user to select multiple images and execute a command. The following works if I do NOT use the jquery.mobile-1.2.0.min.js library: CSS Code: .image-checkbox-container input[type="checkbox"]{ display: none; } .image-checkbox-container img{ border: 0; margin: 4px; } HTML: JQuery: $('.image-checkbox-container img').live('click', function(){ if(!$(this).prev('input[type="checkbox"]').prop("checked")){ $(this).prev('input[type="checkbox"]').prop("checked", true); this.style.border = '4px solid #38A'; this.style.margin = '0px'; }else{ $(this).prev('input[type="checkbox"]').prop("checked", false); this.style.border = '0'; this.style.margin = '4px'; } }); As soon as I add in the jquery.mobile-1.2.0.min.js library to the code it does not function correctly anymore. The unchecking/unselecting of the checkboxes does not work. I attempted to use the checkboxradio("refresh") but did not have any luck. Any suggestions would be much appreciated. Thanks

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Is this function thread-safe?

- by kiddo

Hello all,I am learning multi-threading and for the sake of understanding I have wriiten a small function using multithreading...it works fine.But I just want to know if that thread is safe to use,did I followed the correct rule. void CThreadingEx4Dlg::OnBnClickedOk() { //in thread1 100 elements are copied to myShiftArray(which is a CStringArray) thread1 = AfxBeginThread((AFX_THREADPROC)MyThreadFunction1,this); WaitForSingleObject(thread1->m_hThread,INFINITE); //thread2 waits for thread1 to finish because thread2 is going to make use of myShiftArray(in which thread1 processes it first) thread2 = AfxBeginThread((AFX_THREADPROC)MyThreadFunction2,this); thread3 = AfxBeginThread((AFX_THREADPROC)MyThreadFunction3,this); } UINT MyThreadFunction1(LPARAM lparam) { CThreadingEx4Dlg* pthis = (CThreadingEx4Dlg*)lparam; pthis->MyFunction(0,100); return 0; } UINT MyThreadFunction2(LPARAM lparam) { CThreadingEx4Dlg* pthis = (CThreadingEx4Dlg*)lparam; pthis->MyCommonFunction(0,20); return 0; } UINT MyThreadFunction3(LPARAM lparam) { CThreadingEx4Dlg* pthis = (CThreadingEx4Dlg*)lparam; WaitForSingleObject(pthis->thread3->m_hThread,INFINITE); //here thread3 waits for thread 2 to finish so that thread can continue pthis->MyCommonFunction(21,40); return 0; } void CThreadingEx4Dlg::MyFunction(int minCount,int maxCount) { for(int i=minCount;i<maxCount;i++) { //assume myArray is a CStringArray and it has 100 elemnts added to it. //myShiftArray is a CStringArray -public to the class CString temp; temp = myArray.GetAt(i); myShiftArray.Add(temp); } } void CThreadingEx4Dlg::MyCommonFunction(int min,int max) { for(int i = min;i < max;i++) { CSingleLock myLock(&myCS,TRUE); CString temp; temp = myShiftArray.GetAt(i); //threadArray is CStringArray-public to the class threadArray.Add(temp); } myEvent.PulseEvent(); }

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Passing Javascript value to PHP Variable using ajax

- by shels

I am trying to use a Flash detection script to assess whether Flash Plugin is enabled in the user browser so that a different page loads. The Flash detection script is as follows, using jquery 1.8.2 and jquery.jqplugin 1.0.2 <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery.jqplugin.1.0.2.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready(function() { $("#withflash").hide(); $("#noflash").hide(); if ($.browser.flash == true) $("#withflash").show (); else $("#noflash").show (); }); </script> <div id="withflash">Flash Supported</div> <div id="noflash">Flash Not Supported</div> I get the display that "Flash Supported" if Flash Plugin is present.. I need to capture the value whether flash plugin value is true in a php variable $hasFlashSupport as below: <?php echo " $hasFlashSupport"; exit; ?> I am aware that PHP is server based and Javascript is client based.. Hence Ajax would be a nice option to capture the javascript variable to my php variable. I am totally ignorant about Ajax syntax and how to achieve it. Request the experts here to help me out with the code on how this can be achieved... Thanking all of you in advance..

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subset complete or balance dataset in r

- by SHRram

I have a dataset that unequal number of repetition. I want to subset a data by removing those entries that are incomplete (i.e. replication less than maximum). Just small example: set.seed(123) mydt <- data.frame (name= rep ( c("A", "B", "C", "D", "E"), c(1,2,4,4, 3)), var1 = rnorm (14, 3,1), var2 = rnorm (14, 4,1)) mydt name var1 var2 1 A 2.439524 3.444159 2 B 2.769823 5.786913 3 B 4.558708 4.497850 4 C 3.070508 2.033383 5 C 3.129288 4.701356 6 C 4.715065 3.527209 7 C 3.460916 2.932176 8 D 1.734939 3.782025 9 D 2.313147 2.973996 10 D 2.554338 3.271109 11 D 4.224082 3.374961 12 E 3.359814 2.313307 13 E 3.400771 4.837787 14 E 3.110683 4.153373 summary(mydt) name var1 var2 A:1 Min. :1.735 Min. :2.033 B:2 1st Qu.:2.608 1st Qu.:3.048 C:4 Median :3.120 Median :3.486 D:4 Mean :3.203 Mean :3.688 E:3 3rd Qu.:3.446 3rd Qu.:4.412 Max. :4.715 Max. :5.787 I want to get rid of A, B, E from the data as they are incomplete. Thus expected output: name var1 var2 4 C 3.070508 2.033383 5 C 3.129288 4.701356 6 C 4.715065 3.527209 7 C 3.460916 2.932176 8 D 1.734939 3.782025 9 D 2.313147 2.973996 10 D 2.554338 3.271109 11 D 4.224082 3.374961 Please note the dataset is big, the following may not a option: mydt[mydt$name == "C",] mydt[mydt$name == "D", ]

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Foreign-key-like merge in R

- by skyl

I'm merging a bunch of csv with 1 row per id/pk/seqn. > full = merge(demo, lab13am, by="seqn", all=TRUE) > full = merge(full, cdq, by="seqn", all=TRUE) > full = merge(full, mcq, by="seqn", all=TRUE) > full = merge(full, cfq, by="seqn", all=TRUE) > full = merge(full, diq, by="seqn", all=TRUE) > print(length(full$ridageyr)) [1] 9965 > print(summary(full$ridageyr)) Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. 0.00 11.00 19.00 29.73 48.00 85.00 Everything is great. But, I have another file which has multiple rows per id like: "seqn","rxd030","rxd240b","nhcode","rxq250" 56,2,"","",NA,NA,"" 57,1,"ACETAMINOPHEN","01200",2 57,1,"BUDESONIDE","08800",1 58,1,"99999","",NA 57 has two rows. So, if I naively try to merge this file, I have a ton more rows and my data gets all skewed up. > full = merge(full, rxq, by="seqn", all=TRUE) > print(length(full$ridageyr)) [1] 15643 > print(summary(full$ridageyr)) Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. 0.00 14.00 41.00 40.28 66.00 85.00 Is there a normal idiomatic way to deal with data like this? Suppose I want a way to make a simple model like MYSPECIAL_FACTOR <- somehow() glm(MYSPECIAL_FACTOR ~ full$ridageyr, family=binomial) where MYSPECIAL_FACTOR is, say, whether or not rxd240b == "ACETAMINOPHEN" for the observations which are unique by seqn. You can reproduce by running the first bit of this.

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How to find "y" values of the already estimated monotone function of the non-monotone regression curve corresponding to the original "x" points?

- by parenthesis

The title sounds complicated but that is what I am looking for. Focus on the picture. ## data x <- c(1.009648,1.017896,1.021773,1.043659,1.060277,1.074578,1.075495,1.097086,1.106268,1.110550,1.117795,1.143573,1.166305,1.177850,1.188795,1.198032,1.200526,1.223329,1.235814,1.239068,1.243189,1.260003,1.262732,1.266907,1.269932,1.284472,1.307483,1.323714,1.326705,1.328625,1.372419,1.398703,1.404474,1.414360,1.415909,1.418254,1.430865,1.431476,1.437642,1.438682,1.447056,1.456152,1.457934,1.457993,1.465968,1.478041,1.478076,1.485995,1.486357,1.490379,1.490719) y <- c(0.5102649,0.0000000,0.6360097,0.0000000,0.8692671,0.0000000,1.0000000,0.0000000,0.4183691,0.8953987,0.3442624,0.0000000,0.7513169,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.1291901,0.4936121,0.7565551,1.0085108,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.1655482,0.0000000,0.1473168,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.1875293,0.4918018,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.8101771,0.6853480,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.4068802,1.1061434,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.0000000,0.6391678) fit1 <- c(0.5102649100,0.5153380934,0.5177234836,0.5255544980,0.5307668662,0.5068087080,0.5071001179,0.4825657520,0.4832969250,0.4836378194,0.4842147729,0.5004039310,0.4987301366,0.4978800742,0.4978042478,0.4969807064,0.5086987191,0.4989497612,0.4936121200,0.4922210302,0.4904593166,0.4775197108,0.4757040857,0.4729265271,0.4709141776,0.4612406896,0.4459316517,0.4351338346,0.4331439717,0.4318664278,0.3235179189,0.2907908968,0.1665721429,0.1474035158,0.1443999345,0.1398517097,0.1153991839,0.1142140393,0.1022584672,0.1002410843,0.0840033244,0.0663669309,0.0629119398,0.0627979240,0.0473336492,0.0239237481,0.0238556876,0.0084990298,0.0077970954,0.0000000000,-0.0006598571) fit2 <- c(-0.0006598571,0.0153328298,0.0228511733,0.0652889427,0.0975108758,0.1252414661,0.1270195143,0.1922510501,0.2965234797,0.3018551305,0.3108761043,0.3621749370,0.4184150225,0.4359301495,0.4432114081,0.4493565757,0.4510158144,0.4661865431,0.4744926045,0.4766574718,0.4796937554,0.4834718810,0.4836125426,0.4839450098,0.4841092849,0.4877317306,0.4930561638,0.4964939389,0.4970089201,0.4971376528,0.4990394601,0.5005881678,0.5023814257,0.5052125977,0.5056691690,0.5064254338,0.5115481820,0.5117259449,0.5146054557,0.5149729419,0.5184178197,0.5211542908,0.5216215426,0.5216426533,0.5239797875,0.5273573222,0.5273683002,0.5293994824,0.5295130266,0.5306236672,0.5307303109) ## picture plot(x, y) ## red regression curve points(x, fit1, col=2); lines(x, fit1, col=2) ## blue monotonic curve to the regression points(min(x) + cumsum(c(0, rev(diff(x)))), rev(fit2), col="blue"); lines(min(x) + cumsum(c(0, rev(diff(x)))), rev(fit2), col="blue") ## "x" original point matches with the regression estimated point ## but not with the estimated (fit2=estimate) monotonic curve abline(v=1.223329, lty=2, col="grey") Focus on the dashed grey line. The idea is to get y value of the monotonic blue curve corresponding to x original value. The grey line should cross three points (the original one "black", the regression estimate "red", the adjusted regression estimate "blue"). Can we do this? Methodology: The object "fit2" is the output of the function rearrangement(). It is always monotonically increasing. library(Rearrangement) fit2 <- rearrangement(x=as.data.frame(x), y=fit1)

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Calling a view from the second project

- by user3128303

I have 2 projects in the Solution (asp.net-mvc). The first project is main, the other project (1 simple controller and views (Index, Layout). I want directly from the menu in the project 1, to refer to the Index view of the second project. I added a reference but I do not know what to do. Someone help? Ps: Sorry for my english. Project 1 _Layout.cshtml <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title>@ViewBag.Title</title> <link href="@Url.Content("~/Content/Site.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery-1.5.1.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/modernizr-1.7.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> </head> <body> <div> <nav> <a href="@Url.Content("~")" id="current">Home</a> <a href="@Url.Content( /* via a link you want to get to the index from Project 2 */)">TEST</a> </nav> </div> <div id="main"> @RenderBody() </div> <div id="footer"> </div> </body> </html> Project 2 HomeController.cs namespace Panel.Controllers { public class HomeController : Controller { public ActionResult Index() { return View(); } } }

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Help optimizing a query with 16 subqueries

- by Webnet

I have indexes/primaries on all appropriate ID fields for each type. I'm wondering though how I could make this more efficient. It takes a while to load the page with only 15,000 rows and that'll quickly grow to 500k. The $whereSql variable simply has a few more parameters for the main ebay_archive_listing table. NOTE: This is all done in a single query because I have ASC/DESC sorting for each subquery value. NOTE: I've converted some of the sub queries to INNER JOIN's SELECT product_master.product_id, ( SELECT COUNT(listing_id) FROM ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc '.$listingCountJoin.' WHERE ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.product_id = product_master.product_id) as listing_count, sku, type_id, ( SELECT AVG(ebay_archive_listing.current_price) FROM ebay_archive_listing INNER JOIN ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc ON ( ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.listing_id = ebay_archive_listing.id AND ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.product_id = product_master.product_id ) WHERE '.$whereSql.' AND ebay_archive_listing.current_price > 0 ) as average_bid_price, ( SELECT AVG(ebay_archive_listing.buy_it_now_price) FROM ebay_archive_listing INNER JOIN ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc ON ( ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.listing_id = ebay_archive_listing.id AND ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.product_id = product_master.product_id ) WHERE '.$whereSql.' AND ebay_archive_listing.buy_it_now_price > 0 ) as average_buyout_price, ( SELECT MIN(ebay_archive_listing.current_price) FROM ebay_archive_listing INNER JOIN ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc ON ( ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.listing_id = ebay_archive_listing.id AND ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.product_id = product_master.product_id ) WHERE '.$whereSql.' AND ebay_archive_listing.current_price > 0 ) as lowest_bid_price, ( SELECT MAX(ebay_archive_listing.current_price) FROM ebay_archive_listing INNER JOIN ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc ON ( ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.listing_id = ebay_archive_listing.id AND ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.product_id = product_master.product_id ) WHERE '.$whereSql.' AND ebay_archive_listing.current_price > 0 ) as highest_bid_price, ( SELECT MIN(ebay_archive_listing.buy_it_now_price) FROM ebay_archive_listing INNER JOIN ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc ON ( ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.listing_id = ebay_archive_listing.id AND ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.product_id = product_master.product_id ) WHERE '.$whereSql.' AND ebay_archive_listing.current_price > 0 ) as lowest_buyout_price, ( SELECT MAX(ebay_archive_listing.buy_it_now_price) FROM ebay_archive_listing INNER JOIN ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc ON ( ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.listing_id = ebay_archive_listing.id AND ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.product_id = product_master.product_id ) WHERE '.$whereSql.' AND ebay_archive_listing.current_price > 0 ) as highest_buyout_price, round((( SELECT COUNT(ebay_archive_listing.id) FROM ebay_archive_listing INNER JOIN ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc ON ( ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.listing_id = ebay_archive_listing.id AND ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.product_id = product_master.product_id ) WHERE '.$whereSql.' AND ebay_archive_listing.status_id = 2 ) / ( SELECT COUNT(listing_id) FROM ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc '.$listingCountJoin.' WHERE ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.product_id = product_master.product_id ) * 100), 1) as sold_percent FROM product_master '.$joinSql.' WHERE product_master.product_id IN ( SELECT product_id FROM ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc INNER JOIN ebay_archive_listing ON ( ebay_archive_listing.id = ebay_archive_product_listing_assoc.listing_id AND '.$whereSql.' ) )

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ASP.NET MVC 3 Hosting :: How to Deploy Web Apps Using ASP.NET MVC 3, Razor and EF Code First - Part I

- by mbridge

First, you can download the source code from http://efmvc.codeplex.com. The following frameworks will be used for this step by step tutorial. public class Category { public int CategoryId { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Name Required")] [StringLength(25, ErrorMessage = "Must be less than 25 characters")] public string Name { get; set;} public string Description { get; set; } public virtual ICollection<Expense> Expenses { get; set; } } Expense Class public class Expense { public int ExpenseId { get; set; } public string Transaction { get; set; } public DateTime Date { get; set; } public double Amount { get; set; } public int CategoryId { get; set; } public virtual Category Category { get; set; } } Define Domain Model Let’s create domain model for our simple web application Category Class We have two domain entities - Category and Expense. A single category contains a list of expense transactions and every expense transaction should have a Category. In this post, we will be focusing on CRUD operations for the entity Category and will be working on the Expense entity with a View Model object in the later post. And the source code for this application will be refactored over time. The above entities are very simple POCO (Plain Old CLR Object) classes and the entity Category is decorated with validation attributes in the System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace. Now we want to use these entities for defining model objects for the Entity Framework 4. Using the Code First approach of Entity Framework, we can first define the entities by simply writing POCO classes without any coupling with any API or database library. This approach lets you focus on domain model which will enable Domain-Driven Development for applications. EF code first support is currently enabled with a separate API that is runs on top of the Entity Framework 4. EF Code First is reached CTP 5 when I am writing this article. Creating Context Class for Entity Framework We have created our domain model and let’s create a class in order to working with Entity Framework Code First. For this, you have to download EF Code First CTP 5 and add reference to the assembly EntitFramework.dll. You can also use NuGet to download add reference to EEF Code First. public class MyFinanceContext : DbContext { public MyFinanceContext() : base("MyFinance") { } public DbSet<Category> Categories { get; set; } public DbSet<Expense> Expenses { get; set; } } The above class MyFinanceContext is derived from DbContext that can connect your model classes to a database. The MyFinanceContext class is mapping our Category and Expense class into database tables Categories and Expenses using DbSet<TEntity> where TEntity is any POCO class. When we are running the application at first time, it will automatically create the database. EF code-first look for a connection string in web.config or app.config that has the same name as the dbcontext class. If it is not find any connection string with the convention, it will automatically create database in local SQL Express database by default and the name of the database will be same name as the dbcontext class. You can also define the name of database in constructor of the the dbcontext class. Unlike NHibernate, we don’t have to use any XML based mapping files or Fluent interface for mapping between our model and database. The model classes of Code First are working on the basis of conventions and we can also use a fluent API to refine our model. The convention for primary key is ‘Id’ or ‘<class name>Id’. If primary key properties are detected with type ‘int’, ‘long’ or ‘short’, they will automatically registered as identity columns in the database by default. Primary key detection is not case sensitive. We can define our model classes with validation attributes in the System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations namespace and it automatically enforces validation rules when a model object is updated or saved. Generic Repository for EF Code First We have created model classes and dbcontext class. Now we have to create generic repository pattern for data persistence with EF code first. If you don’t know about the repository pattern, checkout Martin Fowler’s article on Repository Let’s create a generic repository to working with DbContext and DbSet generics. public interface IRepository<T> where T : class { void Add(T entity); void Delete(T entity); T GetById(long Id); IEnumerable<T> All(); } RepositoryBasse – Generic Repository class protected MyFinanceContext Database { get { return database ?? (database = DatabaseFactory.Get()); } } public virtual void Add(T entity) { dbset.Add(entity); } public virtual void Delete(T entity) { dbset.Remove(entity); } public virtual T GetById(long id) { return dbset.Find(id); } public virtual IEnumerable<T> All() { return dbset.ToList(); } } DatabaseFactory class public class DatabaseFactory : Disposable, IDatabaseFactory { private MyFinanceContext database; public MyFinanceContext Get() { return database ?? (database = new MyFinanceContext()); } protected override void DisposeCore() { if (database != null) database.Dispose(); } } Unit of Work If you are new to Unit of Work pattern, checkout Fowler’s article on Unit of Work . According to Martin Fowler, the Unit of Work pattern "maintains a list of objects affected by a business transaction and coordinates the writing out of changes and the resolution of concurrency problems." Let’s create a class for handling Unit of Work public interface IUnitOfWork { void Commit(); } UniOfWork class public class UnitOfWork : IUnitOfWork { private readonly IDatabaseFactory databaseFactory; private MyFinanceContext dataContext; public UnitOfWork(IDatabaseFactory databaseFactory) { this.databaseFactory = databaseFactory; } protected MyFinanceContext DataContext { get { return dataContext ?? (dataContext = databaseFactory.Get()); } } public void Commit() { DataContext.Commit(); } } The Commit method of the UnitOfWork will call the commit method of MyFinanceContext class and it will execute the SaveChanges method of DbContext class. Repository class for Category In this post, we will be focusing on the persistence against Category entity and will working on other entities in later post. Let’s create a repository for handling CRUD operations for Category using derive from a generic Repository RepositoryBase<T>. public class CategoryRepository: RepositoryBase<Category>, ICategoryRepository { public CategoryRepository(IDatabaseFactory databaseFactory) : base(databaseFactory) { } } public interface ICategoryRepository : IRepository<Category> { } If we need additional methods than generic repository for the Category, we can define in the CategoryRepository. Dependency Injection using Unity 2.0 If you are new to Inversion of Control/ Dependency Injection or Unity, please have a look on my articles at http://weblogs.asp.net/shijuvarghese/archive/tags/IoC/default.aspx. I want to create a custom lifetime manager for Unity to store container in the current HttpContext. public class HttpContextLifetimeManager<T> : LifetimeManager, IDisposable { public override object GetValue() { return HttpContext.Current.Items[typeof(T).AssemblyQualifiedName]; } public override void RemoveValue() { HttpContext.Current.Items.Remove(typeof(T).AssemblyQualifiedName); } public override void SetValue(object newValue) { HttpContext.Current.Items[typeof(T).AssemblyQualifiedName] = newValue; } public void Dispose() { RemoveValue(); } } Let’s create controller factory for Unity in the ASP.NET MVC 3 application. 404, String.Format( "The controller for path '{0}' could not be found" + "or it does not implement IController.", reqContext.HttpContext.Request.Path)); if (!typeof(IController).IsAssignableFrom(controllerType)) throw new ArgumentException( string.Format( "Type requested is not a controller: {0}", controllerType.Name), "controllerType"); try { controller= container.Resolve(controllerType) as IController; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new InvalidOperationException(String.Format( "Error resolving controller {0}", controllerType.Name), ex); } return controller; } } Configure contract and concrete types in Unity Let’s configure our contract and concrete types in Unity for resolving our dependencies. private void ConfigureUnity() { //Create UnityContainer IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer() .RegisterType<IDatabaseFactory, DatabaseFactory>(new HttpContextLifetimeManager<IDatabaseFactory>()) .RegisterType<IUnitOfWork, UnitOfWork>(new HttpContextLifetimeManager<IUnitOfWork>()) .RegisterType<ICategoryRepository, CategoryRepository>(new HttpContextLifetimeManager<ICategoryRepository>()); //Set container for Controller Factory ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory( new UnityControllerFactory(container)); } In the above ConfigureUnity method, we are registering our types onto Unity container with custom lifetime manager HttpContextLifetimeManager. Let’s call ConfigureUnity method in the Global.asax.cs for set controller factory for Unity and configuring the types with Unity. protected void Application_Start() { AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas(); RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters); RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); ConfigureUnity(); } Developing web application using ASP.NET MVC 3 We have created our domain model for our web application and also have created repositories and configured dependencies with Unity container. Now we have to create controller classes and views for doing CRUD operations against the Category entity. Let’s create controller class for Category Category Controller public class CategoryController : Controller { private readonly ICategoryRepository categoryRepository; private readonly IUnitOfWork unitOfWork; public CategoryController(ICategoryRepository categoryRepository, IUnitOfWork unitOfWork) { this.categoryRepository = categoryRepository; this.unitOfWork = unitOfWork; } public ActionResult Index() { var categories = categoryRepository.All(); return View(categories); } [HttpGet] public ActionResult Edit(int id) { var category = categoryRepository.GetById(id); return View(category); } [HttpPost] public ActionResult Edit(int id, FormCollection collection) { var category = categoryRepository.GetById(id); if (TryUpdateModel(category)) { unitOfWork.Commit(); return RedirectToAction("Index"); } else return View(category); } [HttpGet] public ActionResult Create() { var category = new Category(); return View(category); } [HttpPost] public ActionResult Create(Category category) { if (!ModelState.IsValid) { return View("Create", category); } categoryRepository.Add(category); unitOfWork.Commit(); return RedirectToAction("Index"); } [HttpPost] public ActionResult Delete(int id) { var category = categoryRepository.GetById(id); categoryRepository.Delete(category); unitOfWork.Commit(); var categories = categoryRepository.All(); return PartialView("CategoryList", categories); } } Creating Views in Razor Now we are going to create views in Razor for our ASP.NET MVC 3 application. Let’s create a partial view CategoryList.cshtml for listing category information and providing link for Edit and Delete operations. CategoryList.cshtml @using MyFinance.Helpers; @using MyFinance.Domain; @model IEnumerable<Category> <table> <tr> <th>Actions</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> @foreach (var item in Model) { <tr> <td> @Html.ActionLink("Edit", "Edit",new { id = item.CategoryId }) @Ajax.ActionLink("Delete", "Delete", new { id = item.CategoryId }, new AjaxOptions { Confirm = "Delete Expense?", HttpMethod = "Post", UpdateTargetId = "divCategoryList" }) </td> <td> @item.Name </td> <td> @item.Description </td> </tr> } </table> <p> @Html.ActionLink("Create New", "Create") </p> The delete link is providing Ajax functionality using the Ajax.ActionLink. This will call an Ajax request for Delete action method in the CategoryCotroller class. In the Delete action method, it will return Partial View CategoryList after deleting the record. We are using CategoryList view for the Ajax functionality and also for Index view using for displaying list of category information. Let’s create Index view using partial view CategoryList Index.chtml @model IEnumerable<MyFinance.Domain.Category> @{ ViewBag.Title = "Index"; } <h2>Category List</h2> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.unobtrusive-ajax.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <div id="divCategoryList"> @Html.Partial("CategoryList", Model) </div> We can call the partial views using Html.Partial helper method. Now we are going to create View pages for insert and update functionality for the Category. Both view pages are sharing common user interface for entering the category information. So I want to create an EditorTemplate for the Category information. We have to create the EditorTemplate with the same name of entity object so that we can refer it on view pages using @Html.EditorFor(model => model) . So let’s create template with name Category. Category.cshtml @model MyFinance.Domain.Category <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Name) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Name) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Name) </div> <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Description) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Description) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Description) </div> Let’s create view page for insert Category information @model MyFinance.Domain.Category @{ ViewBag.Title = "Save"; } <h2>Create</h2> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> @using (Html.BeginForm()) { @Html.ValidationSummary(true) <fieldset> <legend>Category</legend> @Html.EditorFor(model => model) <p> <input type="submit" value="Create" /> </p> </fieldset> } <div> @Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index") </div> ViewStart file In Razor views, we can add a file named _viewstart.cshtml in the views directory and this will be shared among the all views with in the Views directory. The below code in the _viewstart.cshtml, sets the Layout page for every Views in the Views folder. @{ Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; } Tomorrow, we will cotinue the second part of this article. :)

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Unobtrusive Client Side Validation with Dynamic Contents in ASP.NET MVC 3

- by imran_ku07

Introduction: A while ago, I blogged about how to perform client side validation for dynamic contents in ASP.NET MVC 2 at here. Using the approach given in that blog, you can easily validate your dynamic ajax contents at client side. ASP.NET MVC 3 also supports unobtrusive client side validation in addition to ASP.NET MVC 2 client side validation for backward compatibility. I feel it is worth to rewrite that blog post for ASP.NET MVC 3 unobtrusive client side validation. In this article I will show you how to do this. Description: I am going to use the same example presented at here. Create a new ASP.NET MVC 3 application. Then just open HomeController.cs and add the following code, public ActionResult CreateUser() { return View(); } [HttpPost] public ActionResult CreateUserPrevious(UserInformation u) { return View("CreateUserInformation", u); } [HttpPost] public ActionResult CreateUserInformation(UserInformation u) { if(ModelState.IsValid) return View("CreateUserCompanyInformation"); return View("CreateUserInformation"); } [HttpPost] public ActionResult CreateUserCompanyInformation(UserCompanyInformation uc, UserInformation ui) { if (ModelState.IsValid) return Content("Thank you for submitting your information"); return View("CreateUserCompanyInformation"); } Next create a CreateUser view and add the following lines, <%@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<UnobtrusiveValidationWithDynamicContents.Models.UserInformation>" %> <asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="TitleContent" runat="server"> CreateUser </asp:Content> <asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent" runat="server"> <div id="dynamicData"> <%Html.RenderPartial("CreateUserInformation"); %> </div> </asp:Content> Next create a CreateUserInformation partial view and add the following lines, <%@ Control Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewUserControl<UnobtrusiveValidationWithDynamicContents.Models.UserInformation>" %> <% Html.EnableClientValidation(); %> <%using (Html.BeginForm("CreateUserInformation", "Home")) { %> <table id="table1"> <tr style="background-color:#E8EEF4;font-weight:bold"> <td colspan="3" align="center"> User Information </td> </tr> <tr> <td> First Name </td> <td> <%=Html.TextBoxFor(a => a.FirstName)%> </td> <td> <%=Html.ValidationMessageFor(a => a.FirstName)%> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Last Name </td> <td> <%=Html.TextBoxFor(a => a.LastName)%> </td> <td> <%=Html.ValidationMessageFor(a => a.LastName)%> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Email </td> <td> <%=Html.TextBoxFor(a => a.Email)%> </td> <td> <%=Html.ValidationMessageFor(a => a.Email)%> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" align="center"> <input type="submit" name="userInformation" value="Next"/> </td> </tr> </table> <%} %> <script type="text/javascript"> $("form").submit(function (e) { if ($(this).valid()) { $.post('<%= Url.Action("CreateUserInformation")%>', $(this).serialize(), function (data) { $("#dynamicData").html(data); $.validator.unobtrusive.parse($("#dynamicData")); }); } e.preventDefault(); }); </script> Next create a CreateUserCompanyInformation partial view and add the following lines, <%@ Control Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewUserControl<UnobtrusiveValidationWithDynamicContents.Models.UserCompanyInformation>" %> <% Html.EnableClientValidation(); %> <%using (Html.BeginForm("CreateUserCompanyInformation", "Home")) { %> <table id="table1"> <tr style="background-color:#E8EEF4;font-weight:bold"> <td colspan="3" align="center"> User Company Information </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Company Name </td> <td> <%=Html.TextBoxFor(a => a.CompanyName)%> </td> <td> <%=Html.ValidationMessageFor(a => a.CompanyName)%> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Company Address </td> <td> <%=Html.TextBoxFor(a => a.CompanyAddress)%> </td> <td> <%=Html.ValidationMessageFor(a => a.CompanyAddress)%> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Designation </td> <td> <%=Html.TextBoxFor(a => a.Designation)%> </td> <td> <%=Html.ValidationMessageFor(a => a.Designation)%> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" align="center"> <input type="button" id="prevButton" value="Previous"/> <input type="submit" name="userCompanyInformation" value="Next"/> <%=Html.Hidden("FirstName")%> <%=Html.Hidden("LastName")%> <%=Html.Hidden("Email")%> </td> </tr> </table> <%} %> <script type="text/javascript"> $("#prevButton").click(function () { $.post('<%= Url.Action("CreateUserPrevious")%>', $($("form")[0]).serialize(), function (data) { $("#dynamicData").html(data); $.validator.unobtrusive.parse($("#dynamicData")); }); }); $("form").submit(function (e) { if ($(this).valid()) { $.post('<%= Url.Action("CreateUserCompanyInformation")%>', $(this).serialize(), function (data) { $("#dynamicData").html(data); $.validator.unobtrusive.parse($("#dynamicData")); }); } e.preventDefault(); }); </script> Next create a new class file UserInformation.cs inside Model folder and add the following code, public class UserInformation { public int Id { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "First Name is required")] [StringLength(10, ErrorMessage = "First Name max length is 10")] public string FirstName { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Last Name is required")] [StringLength(10, ErrorMessage = "Last Name max length is 10")] public string LastName { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Email is required")] [RegularExpression(@"^\w+([-+.']\w+)*@\w+([-.]\w+)*\.\w+([-.]\w+)*$", ErrorMessage = "Email Format is wrong")] public string Email { get; set; } } Next create a new class file UserCompanyInformation.cs inside Model folder and add the following code, public class UserCompanyInformation { public int UserId { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Company Name is required")] [StringLength(10, ErrorMessage = "Company Name max length is 10")] public string CompanyName { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "CompanyAddress is required")] [StringLength(50, ErrorMessage = "Company Address max length is 50")] public string CompanyAddress { get; set; } [Required(ErrorMessage = "Designation is required")] [StringLength(50, ErrorMessage = "Designation max length is 10")] public string Designation { get; set; } } Next add the necessary script files in Site.Master, <script src="<%= Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery-1.4.4.min.js")%>" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="<%= Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")%>" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="<%= Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js")%>" type="text/javascript"></script> Now run this application. You will get the same behavior as described in this article. The key important feature to note here is the $.validator.unobtrusive.parse method, which is used by ASP.NET MVC 3 unobtrusive client side validation to initialize jQuery validation plug-in to start the client side validation process. Another important method to note here is the jQuery.valid method which return true if the form is valid and return false if the form is not valid . Summary: There may be several occasions when you need to load your HTML contents dynamically. These dynamic HTML contents may also include some input elements and you need to perform some client side validation for these input elements before posting thier values to server. In this article I shows you how you can enable client side validation for dynamic input elements in ASP.NET MVC 3. I am also attaching a sample application. Hopefully you will enjoy this article too. SyntaxHighlighter.all()

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Java Animation Memory Overload [on hold]

- by user2425429

I need a way to reduce the memory usage of these programs while keeping the functionality. Every time I add 50 milliseconds or so to the set&display loop in AnimationTest1, it throws an out of memory error. Here is the code I have now: import java.awt.DisplayMode; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Polygon; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.Executor; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; import javax.swing.ImageIcon; public class AnimationTest1 { public static void main(String args[]) { AnimationTest1 test = new AnimationTest1(); test.run(); } private static final DisplayMode POSSIBLE_MODES[] = { new DisplayMode(800, 600, 32, 0), new DisplayMode(800, 600, 24, 0), new DisplayMode(800, 600, 16, 0), new DisplayMode(640, 480, 32, 0), new DisplayMode(640, 480, 24, 0), new DisplayMode(640, 480, 16, 0) }; private static final long DEMO_TIME = 4000; private ScreenManager screen; private Image bgImage; private Animation anim; public void loadImages() { // create animation List<Polygon> polygons=new ArrayList(); int[] x=new int[]{20,4,4,20,40,56,56,40}; int[] y=new int[]{20,32,40,44,44,40,32,20}; polygons.add(new Polygon(x,y,8)); anim = new Animation(); //# of frames long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); long currTimer = startTime; long elapsedTime = 0; boolean animated = false; Graphics2D g = screen.getGraphics(); int width=200; int height=200; //set&display loop while (currTimer - startTime < DEMO_TIME*2) { //draw the polygons if(!animated){ for(int j=0; j<polygons.size();j++){ for(int pos=0; pos<polygons.get(j).npoints; pos++){ polygons.get(j).xpoints[pos]+=1; } } anim.setNewPolyFrame(polygons , width , height , 64); } else{ // update animation anim.update(elapsedTime); draw(g); g.dispose(); screen.update(); try{ Thread.sleep(20); } catch(InterruptedException ie){} } if(currTimer - startTime == DEMO_TIME) animated=true; elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - currTimer; currTimer += elapsedTime; } } public void run() { screen = new ScreenManager(); try { DisplayMode displayMode = screen.findFirstCompatibleMode(POSSIBLE_MODES); screen.setFullScreen(displayMode); loadImages(); } finally { screen.restoreScreen(); } } public void draw(Graphics g) { // draw background g.drawImage(bgImage, 0, 0, null); // draw image g.drawImage(anim.getImage(), 0, 0, null); } } ScreenManager: import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.DisplayMode; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import java.awt.GraphicsDevice; import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment; import java.awt.Toolkit; import java.awt.Window; import java.awt.event.KeyListener; import java.awt.event.MouseListener; import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JPanel; public class ScreenManager extends JPanel { private GraphicsDevice device; /** Creates a new ScreenManager object. */ public ScreenManager() { GraphicsEnvironment environment=GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment(); device = environment.getDefaultScreenDevice(); setBackground(Color.white); } /** Returns a list of compatible display modes for the default device on the system. */ public DisplayMode[] getCompatibleDisplayModes() { return device.getDisplayModes(); } /** Returns the first compatible mode in a list of modes. Returns null if no modes are compatible. */ public DisplayMode findFirstCompatibleMode( DisplayMode modes[]) { DisplayMode goodModes[] = device.getDisplayModes(); for (int i = 0; i < modes.length; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < goodModes.length; j++) { if (displayModesMatch(modes[i], goodModes[j])) { return modes[i]; } } } return null; } /** Returns the current display mode. */ public DisplayMode getCurrentDisplayMode() { return device.getDisplayMode(); } /** Determines if two display modes "match". Two display modes match if they have the same resolution, bit depth, and refresh rate. The bit depth is ignored if one of the modes has a bit depth of DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI. Likewise, the refresh rate is ignored if one of the modes has a refresh rate of DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN. */ public boolean displayModesMatch(DisplayMode mode1, DisplayMode mode2) { if (mode1.getWidth() != mode2.getWidth() || mode1.getHeight() != mode2.getHeight()) { return false; } if (mode1.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI && mode2.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI && mode1.getBitDepth() != mode2.getBitDepth()) { return false; } if (mode1.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN && mode2.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN && mode1.getRefreshRate() != mode2.getRefreshRate()) { return false; } return true; } /** Enters full screen mode and changes the display mode. If the specified display mode is null or not compatible with this device, or if the display mode cannot be changed on this system, the current display mode is used. <p> The display uses a BufferStrategy with 2 buffers. */ public void setFullScreen(DisplayMode displayMode) { JFrame frame = new JFrame(); frame.setUndecorated(true); frame.setIgnoreRepaint(true); frame.setResizable(true); device.setFullScreenWindow(frame); if (displayMode != null && device.isDisplayChangeSupported()) { try { device.setDisplayMode(displayMode); } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) { } } frame.createBufferStrategy(2); Graphics g=frame.getGraphics(); g.setColor(Color.white); g.drawRect(0, 0, frame.WIDTH, frame.HEIGHT); frame.paintAll(g); g.setColor(Color.black); g.dispose(); } /** Gets the graphics context for the display. The ScreenManager uses double buffering, so applications must call update() to show any graphics drawn. <p> The application must dispose of the graphics object. */ public Graphics2D getGraphics() { Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow(); if (window != null) { BufferStrategy strategy = window.getBufferStrategy(); return (Graphics2D)strategy.getDrawGraphics(); } else { return null; } } /** Updates the display. */ public void update() { Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow(); if (window != null) { BufferStrategy strategy = window.getBufferStrategy(); if (!strategy.contentsLost()) { strategy.show(); } } // Sync the display on some systems. // (on Linux, this fixes event queue problems) Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().sync(); } /** Returns the window currently used in full screen mode. Returns null if the device is not in full screen mode. */ public Window getFullScreenWindow() { return device.getFullScreenWindow(); } /** Returns the width of the window currently used in full screen mode. Returns 0 if the device is not in full screen mode. */ public int getWidth() { Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow(); if (window != null) { return window.getWidth(); } else { return 0; } } /** Returns the height of the window currently used in full screen mode. Returns 0 if the device is not in full screen mode. */ public int getHeight() { Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow(); if (window != null) { return window.getHeight(); } else { return 0; } } /** Restores the screen's display mode. */ public void restoreScreen() { Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow(); if (window != null) { window.dispose(); } device.setFullScreenWindow(null); } /** Creates an image compatible with the current display. */ public BufferedImage createCompatibleImage(int w, int h, int transparency) { Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow(); if (window != null) { GraphicsConfiguration gc = window.getGraphicsConfiguration(); return gc.createCompatibleImage(w, h, transparency); } return null; } } Animation: import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Polygon; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; /** The Animation class manages a series of images (frames) and the amount of time to display each frame. */ public class Animation { private ArrayList frames; private int currFrameIndex; private long animTime; private long totalDuration; /** Creates a new, empty Animation. */ public Animation() { frames = new ArrayList(); totalDuration = 0; start(); } /** Adds an image to the animation with the specified duration (time to display the image). */ public synchronized void addFrame(BufferedImage image, long duration){ ScreenManager s = new ScreenManager(); totalDuration += duration; frames.add(new AnimFrame(image, totalDuration)); } /** Starts the animation over from the beginning. */ public synchronized void start() { animTime = 0; currFrameIndex = 0; } /** Updates the animation's current image (frame), if necessary. */ public synchronized void update(long elapsedTime) { if (frames.size() >= 1) { animTime += elapsedTime; /*if (animTime >= totalDuration) { animTime = animTime % totalDuration; currFrameIndex = 0; }*/ while (animTime > getFrame(0).endTime) { frames.remove(0); } } } /** Gets the Animation's current image. Returns null if this animation has no images. */ public synchronized Image getImage() { if (frames.size() > 0&&!(currFrameIndex>=frames.size())) { return getFrame(currFrameIndex).image; } else{ System.out.println("There are no frames!"); System.exit(0); } return null; } private AnimFrame getFrame(int i) { return (AnimFrame)frames.get(i); } private class AnimFrame { Image image; long endTime; public AnimFrame(Image image, long endTime) { this.image = image; this.endTime = endTime; } } public void setNewPolyFrame(List<Polygon> polys,int imagewidth,int imageheight,int time){ BufferedImage image=new BufferedImage(imagewidth, imageheight, 1); Graphics g=image.getGraphics(); for(int i=0;i<polys.size();i++){ g.drawPolygon(polys.get(i)); } addFrame(image,time); g.dispose(); } }

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Animation Color [on hold]

- by user2425429

I'm having problems in my java program for animation. I'm trying to draw a hexagon with a shape similar to that of a trapezoid. Then, I'm making it move to the right for a certain amount of time (DEMO_TIME). Animation and ScreenManager are "API" classes, and AnimationTest1 is a demo. In my test program, it runs with a black screen and white stroke color. I'd like to know why this happened and how to fix it. I'm a beginner, so I apologize for this question being stupid to all you game programmers. Here is the code I have now: import java.awt.DisplayMode; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Polygon; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.Executor; import java.util.concurrent.Executors; import javax.swing.ImageIcon; public class AnimationTest1 { public static void main(String args[]) { AnimationTest1 test = new AnimationTest1(); test.run(); } private static final DisplayMode POSSIBLE_MODES[] = { new DisplayMode(800, 600, 32, 0), new DisplayMode(800, 600, 24, 0), new DisplayMode(800, 600, 16, 0), new DisplayMode(640, 480, 32, 0), new DisplayMode(640, 480, 24, 0), new DisplayMode(640, 480, 16, 0) }; private static final long DEMO_TIME = 4000; private ScreenManager screen; private Image bgImage; private Animation anim; public void loadImages() { // create animation List<Polygon> polygons=new ArrayList(); int[] x=new int[]{20,4,4,20,40,56,56,40}; int[] y=new int[]{20,32,40,44,44,40,32,20}; polygons.add(new Polygon(x,y,8)); anim = new Animation(); //# of frames long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); long currTimer = startTime; long elapsedTime = 0; boolean animated = false; Graphics2D g = screen.getGraphics(); int width=200; int height=200; while (currTimer - startTime < DEMO_TIME*2) { //draw the polygons if(!animated){ for(int j=0; j<polygons.size();j++){ for(int pos=0; pos<polygons.get(j).npoints; pos++){ polygons.get(j).xpoints[pos]+=1; } } anim.setNewPolyFrame(polygons , width , height , 64); } else{ // update animation anim.update(elapsedTime); draw(g); g.dispose(); screen.update(); try{ Thread.sleep(20); } catch(InterruptedException ie){} } if(currTimer - startTime == DEMO_TIME) animated=true; elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - currTimer; currTimer += elapsedTime; } } public void run() { screen = new ScreenManager(); try { DisplayMode displayMode = screen.findFirstCompatibleMode(POSSIBLE_MODES); screen.setFullScreen(displayMode); loadImages(); } finally { screen.restoreScreen(); } } public void draw(Graphics g) { // draw background g.drawImage(bgImage, 0, 0, null); // draw image g.drawImage(anim.getImage(), 0, 0, null); } } ScreenManager: import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.DisplayMode; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import java.awt.GraphicsDevice; import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment; import java.awt.Toolkit; import java.awt.Window; import java.awt.event.KeyListener; import java.awt.event.MouseListener; import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JPanel; public class ScreenManager extends JPanel { private GraphicsDevice device; /** Creates a new ScreenManager object. */ public ScreenManager() { GraphicsEnvironment environment=GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment(); device = environment.getDefaultScreenDevice(); setBackground(Color.white); } /** Returns a list of compatible display modes for the default device on the system. */ public DisplayMode[] getCompatibleDisplayModes() { return device.getDisplayModes(); } /** Returns the first compatible mode in a list of modes. Returns null if no modes are compatible. */ public DisplayMode findFirstCompatibleMode( DisplayMode modes[]) { DisplayMode goodModes[] = device.getDisplayModes(); for (int i = 0; i < modes.length; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < goodModes.length; j++) { if (displayModesMatch(modes[i], goodModes[j])) { return modes[i]; } } } return null; } /** Returns the current display mode. */ public DisplayMode getCurrentDisplayMode() { return device.getDisplayMode(); } /** Determines if two display modes "match". Two display modes match if they have the same resolution, bit depth, and refresh rate. The bit depth is ignored if one of the modes has a bit depth of DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI. Likewise, the refresh rate is ignored if one of the modes has a refresh rate of DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN. */ public boolean displayModesMatch(DisplayMode mode1, DisplayMode mode2) { if (mode1.getWidth() != mode2.getWidth() || mode1.getHeight() != mode2.getHeight()) { return false; } if (mode1.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI && mode2.getBitDepth() != DisplayMode.BIT_DEPTH_MULTI && mode1.getBitDepth() != mode2.getBitDepth()) { return false; } if (mode1.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN && mode2.getRefreshRate() != DisplayMode.REFRESH_RATE_UNKNOWN && mode1.getRefreshRate() != mode2.getRefreshRate()) { return false; } return true; } /** Enters full screen mode and changes the display mode. If the specified display mode is null or not compatible with this device, or if the display mode cannot be changed on this system, the current display mode is used. <p> The display uses a BufferStrategy with 2 buffers. */ public void setFullScreen(DisplayMode displayMode) { JFrame frame = new JFrame(); frame.setUndecorated(true); frame.setIgnoreRepaint(true); frame.setResizable(true); device.setFullScreenWindow(frame); if (displayMode != null && device.isDisplayChangeSupported()) { try { device.setDisplayMode(displayMode); } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) { } } frame.createBufferStrategy(2); Graphics g=frame.getGraphics(); g.setColor(Color.white); g.drawRect(0, 0, frame.WIDTH, frame.HEIGHT); frame.paintAll(g); g.setColor(Color.black); g.dispose(); } /** Gets the graphics context for the display. The ScreenManager uses double buffering, so applications must call update() to show any graphics drawn. <p> The application must dispose of the graphics object. */ public Graphics2D getGraphics() { Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow(); if (window != null) { BufferStrategy strategy = window.getBufferStrategy(); return (Graphics2D)strategy.getDrawGraphics(); } else { return null; } } /** Updates the display. */ public void update() { Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow(); if (window != null) { BufferStrategy strategy = window.getBufferStrategy(); if (!strategy.contentsLost()) { strategy.show(); } } // Sync the display on some systems. // (on Linux, this fixes event queue problems) Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().sync(); } /** Returns the window currently used in full screen mode. Returns null if the device is not in full screen mode. */ public Window getFullScreenWindow() { return device.getFullScreenWindow(); } /** Returns the width of the window currently used in full screen mode. Returns 0 if the device is not in full screen mode. */ public int getWidth() { Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow(); if (window != null) { return window.getWidth(); } else { return 0; } } /** Returns the height of the window currently used in full screen mode. Returns 0 if the device is not in full screen mode. */ public int getHeight() { Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow(); if (window != null) { return window.getHeight(); } else { return 0; } } /** Restores the screen's display mode. */ public void restoreScreen() { Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow(); if (window != null) { window.dispose(); } device.setFullScreenWindow(null); } /** Creates an image compatible with the current display. */ public BufferedImage createCompatibleImage(int w, int h, int transparency) { Window window = device.getFullScreenWindow(); if (window != null) { GraphicsConfiguration gc = window.getGraphicsConfiguration(); return gc.createCompatibleImage(w, h, transparency); } return null; } } Animation: import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Polygon; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; /** The Animation class manages a series of images (frames) and the amount of time to display each frame. */ public class Animation { private ArrayList frames; private int currFrameIndex; private long animTime; private long totalDuration; /** Creates a new, empty Animation. */ public Animation() { frames = new ArrayList(); totalDuration = 0; start(); } /** Adds an image to the animation with the specified duration (time to display the image). */ public synchronized void addFrame(BufferedImage image, long duration){ ScreenManager s = new ScreenManager(); totalDuration += duration; frames.add(new AnimFrame(image, totalDuration)); } /** Starts the animation over from the beginning. */ public synchronized void start() { animTime = 0; currFrameIndex = 0; } /** Updates the animation's current image (frame), if necessary. */ public synchronized void update(long elapsedTime) { if (frames.size() >= 1) { animTime += elapsedTime; /*if (animTime >= totalDuration) { animTime = animTime % totalDuration; currFrameIndex = 0; }*/ while (animTime > getFrame(0).endTime) { frames.remove(0); } } } /** Gets the Animation's current image. Returns null if this animation has no images. */ public synchronized Image getImage() { if (frames.size() > 0&&!(currFrameIndex>=frames.size())) { return getFrame(currFrameIndex).image; } else{ System.out.println("There are no frames!"); System.exit(0); } return null; } private AnimFrame getFrame(int i) { return (AnimFrame)frames.get(i); } private class AnimFrame { Image image; long endTime; public AnimFrame(Image image, long endTime) { this.image = image; this.endTime = endTime; } } public void setNewPolyFrame(List<Polygon> polys,int imagewidth,int imageheight,int time){ BufferedImage image=new BufferedImage(imagewidth, imageheight, 1); Graphics g=image.getGraphics(); for(int i=0;i<polys.size();i++){ g.drawPolygon(polys.get(i)); } addFrame(image,time); g.dispose(); } }

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OpenGL directional light creating black spots

- by AnonymousDeveloper

I probably ought to start by saying that I suspect the problem is that one of my vectors is not in the correct "space", but I don't know for sure. I am having a strange problem with a directional light. When I move the camera away from (0.0, 0.0, 0.0) it creates tiny black spots that grow larger as the distance increases. I apologize ahead of time for the length of the code. Vertex shader: #version 410 core in vec3 vf_normal; in vec3 vf_bitangent; in vec3 vf_tangent; in vec2 vf_textureCoordinates; in vec3 vf_vertex; out vec3 tc_normal; out vec3 tc_bitangent; out vec3 tc_tangent; out vec2 tc_textureCoordinates; out vec3 tc_vertex; uniform mat3 vf_m_normal; uniform mat4 vf_m_model; uniform mat4 vf_m_mvp; uniform mat4 vf_m_projection; uniform mat4 vf_m_view; uniform float vf_te_inner; uniform float vf_te_outer; void main() { tc_normal = vf_normal; tc_bitangent = vf_bitangent; tc_tangent = vf_tangent; tc_textureCoordinates = vf_textureCoordinates; tc_vertex = vf_vertex; gl_Position = vf_m_mvp * vec4(vf_vertex, 1.0); } Tessellation Control shader: #version 410 core layout (vertices = 3) out; in vec3 tc_normal[]; in vec3 tc_bitangent[]; in vec3 tc_tangent[]; in vec2 tc_textureCoordinates[]; in vec3 tc_vertex[]; out vec3 te_normal[]; out vec3 te_bitangent[]; out vec3 te_tangent[]; out vec2 te_textureCoordinates[]; out vec3 te_vertex[]; uniform float vf_te_inner; uniform float vf_te_outer; uniform vec4 vf_l_color; uniform vec3 vf_l_position; uniform mat4 vf_m_depthBias; uniform mat4 vf_m_model; uniform mat4 vf_m_mvp; uniform mat4 vf_m_projection; uniform mat4 vf_m_view; uniform sampler2D vf_t_diffuse; uniform sampler2D vf_t_normal; uniform sampler2DShadow vf_t_shadow; uniform sampler2D vf_t_specular; #define ID gl_InvocationID float getTessLevelInner(float distance0, float distance1) { float avgDistance = (distance0 + distance1) / 2.0; return clamp((vf_te_inner - avgDistance), 1.0, vf_te_inner); } float getTessLevelOuter(float distance0, float distance1) { float avgDistance = (distance0 + distance1) / 2.0; return clamp((vf_te_outer - avgDistance), 1.0, vf_te_outer); } void main() { te_normal[gl_InvocationID] = tc_normal[gl_InvocationID]; te_bitangent[gl_InvocationID] = tc_bitangent[gl_InvocationID]; te_tangent[gl_InvocationID] = tc_tangent[gl_InvocationID]; te_textureCoordinates[gl_InvocationID] = tc_textureCoordinates[gl_InvocationID]; te_vertex[gl_InvocationID] = tc_vertex[gl_InvocationID]; float eyeToVertexDistance0 = distance(vec3(0.0), vec4(vf_m_view * vec4(tc_vertex[0], 1.0)).xyz); float eyeToVertexDistance1 = distance(vec3(0.0), vec4(vf_m_view * vec4(tc_vertex[1], 1.0)).xyz); float eyeToVertexDistance2 = distance(vec3(0.0), vec4(vf_m_view * vec4(tc_vertex[2], 1.0)).xyz); gl_TessLevelOuter[0] = getTessLevelOuter(eyeToVertexDistance1, eyeToVertexDistance2); gl_TessLevelOuter[1] = getTessLevelOuter(eyeToVertexDistance2, eyeToVertexDistance0); gl_TessLevelOuter[2] = getTessLevelOuter(eyeToVertexDistance0, eyeToVertexDistance1); gl_TessLevelInner[0] = getTessLevelInner(eyeToVertexDistance2, eyeToVertexDistance0); } Tessellation Evaluation shader: #version 410 core layout (triangles, equal_spacing, cw) in; in vec3 te_normal[]; in vec3 te_bitangent[]; in vec3 te_tangent[]; in vec2 te_textureCoordinates[]; in vec3 te_vertex[]; out vec3 g_normal; out vec3 g_bitangent; out vec4 g_patchDistance; out vec3 g_tangent; out vec2 g_textureCoordinates; out vec3 g_vertex; uniform float vf_te_inner; uniform float vf_te_outer; uniform vec4 vf_l_color; uniform vec3 vf_l_position; uniform mat4 vf_m_depthBias; uniform mat4 vf_m_model; uniform mat4 vf_m_mvp; uniform mat3 vf_m_normal; uniform mat4 vf_m_projection; uniform mat4 vf_m_view; uniform sampler2D vf_t_diffuse; uniform sampler2D vf_t_displace; uniform sampler2D vf_t_normal; uniform sampler2DShadow vf_t_shadow; uniform sampler2D vf_t_specular; vec2 interpolate2D(vec2 v0, vec2 v1, vec2 v2) { return vec2(gl_TessCoord.x) * v0 + vec2(gl_TessCoord.y) * v1 + vec2(gl_TessCoord.z) * v2; } vec3 interpolate3D(vec3 v0, vec3 v1, vec3 v2) { return vec3(gl_TessCoord.x) * v0 + vec3(gl_TessCoord.y) * v1 + vec3(gl_TessCoord.z) * v2; } float amplify(float d, float scale, float offset) { d = scale * d + offset; d = clamp(d, 0, 1); d = 1 - exp2(-2*d*d); return d; } float getDisplacement(vec2 t0, vec2 t1, vec2 t2) { float displacement = 0.0; vec2 textureCoordinates = interpolate2D(t0, t1, t2); vec2 vector = ((t0 + t1 + t2) / 3.0); float sampleDistance = sqrt((vector.x * vector.x) + (vector.y * vector.y)); sampleDistance /= ((vf_te_inner + vf_te_outer) / 2.0); displacement += texture(vf_t_displace, textureCoordinates).x; displacement += texture(vf_t_displace, textureCoordinates + vec2(-sampleDistance, -sampleDistance)).x; displacement += texture(vf_t_displace, textureCoordinates + vec2(-sampleDistance, sampleDistance)).x; displacement += texture(vf_t_displace, textureCoordinates + vec2( sampleDistance, sampleDistance)).x; displacement += texture(vf_t_displace, textureCoordinates + vec2( sampleDistance, -sampleDistance)).x; return (displacement / 5.0); } void main() { g_normal = normalize(interpolate3D(te_normal[0], te_normal[1], te_normal[2])); g_bitangent = normalize(interpolate3D(te_bitangent[0], te_bitangent[1], te_bitangent[2])); g_patchDistance = vec4(gl_TessCoord, (1.0 - gl_TessCoord.y)); g_tangent = normalize(interpolate3D(te_tangent[0], te_tangent[1], te_tangent[2])); g_textureCoordinates = interpolate2D(te_textureCoordinates[0], te_textureCoordinates[1], te_textureCoordinates[2]); g_vertex = interpolate3D(te_vertex[0], te_vertex[1], te_vertex[2]); float displacement = getDisplacement(te_textureCoordinates[0], te_textureCoordinates[1], te_textureCoordinates[2]); float d2 = min(min(min(g_patchDistance.x, g_patchDistance.y), g_patchDistance.z), g_patchDistance.w); d2 = amplify(d2, 50, -0.5); g_vertex += g_normal * displacement * 0.1 * d2; gl_Position = vf_m_mvp * vec4(g_vertex, 1.0); } Geometry shader: #version 410 core layout (triangles) in; layout (triangle_strip, max_vertices = 3) out; in vec3 g_normal[3]; in vec3 g_bitangent[3]; in vec4 g_patchDistance[3]; in vec3 g_tangent[3]; in vec2 g_textureCoordinates[3]; in vec3 g_vertex[3]; out vec3 f_tangent; out vec3 f_bitangent; out vec3 f_eyeDirection; out vec3 f_lightDirection; out vec3 f_normal; out vec4 f_patchDistance; out vec4 f_shadowCoordinates; out vec2 f_textureCoordinates; out vec3 f_vertex; uniform vec4 vf_l_color; uniform vec3 vf_l_position; uniform mat4 vf_m_depthBias; uniform mat4 vf_m_model; uniform mat4 vf_m_mvp; uniform mat3 vf_m_normal; uniform mat4 vf_m_projection; uniform mat4 vf_m_view; uniform sampler2D vf_t_diffuse; uniform sampler2D vf_t_normal; uniform sampler2DShadow vf_t_shadow; uniform sampler2D vf_t_specular; void main() { int index = 0; while (index < 3) { vec3 vertexNormal_cameraspace = vf_m_normal * normalize(g_normal[index]); vec3 vertexTangent_cameraspace = vf_m_normal * normalize(f_tangent); vec3 vertexBitangent_cameraspace = vf_m_normal * normalize(f_bitangent); mat3 TBN = transpose(mat3( vertexTangent_cameraspace, vertexBitangent_cameraspace, vertexNormal_cameraspace )); vec3 eyeDirection = -(vf_m_view * vf_m_model * vec4(g_vertex[index], 1.0)).xyz; vec3 lightDirection = normalize(-(vf_m_view * vec4(vf_l_position, 1.0)).xyz); f_eyeDirection = TBN * eyeDirection; f_lightDirection = TBN * lightDirection; f_normal = normalize(g_normal[index]); f_patchDistance = g_patchDistance[index]; f_shadowCoordinates = vf_m_depthBias * vec4(g_vertex[index], 1.0); f_textureCoordinates = g_textureCoordinates[index]; f_vertex = (vf_m_model * vec4(g_vertex[index], 1.0)).xyz; gl_Position = gl_in[index].gl_Position; EmitVertex(); index ++; } EndPrimitive(); } Fragment shader: #version 410 core in vec3 f_bitangent; in vec3 f_eyeDirection; in vec3 f_lightDirection; in vec3 f_normal; in vec4 f_patchDistance; in vec4 f_shadowCoordinates; in vec3 f_tangent; in vec2 f_textureCoordinates; in vec3 f_vertex; out vec4 fragColor; uniform vec4 vf_l_color; uniform vec3 vf_l_position; uniform mat4 vf_m_depthBias; uniform mat4 vf_m_model; uniform mat4 vf_m_mvp; uniform mat4 vf_m_projection; uniform mat4 vf_m_view; uniform sampler2D vf_t_diffuse; uniform sampler2D vf_t_normal; uniform sampler2DShadow vf_t_shadow; uniform sampler2D vf_t_specular; vec2 poissonDisk[16] = vec2[]( vec2(-0.94201624, -0.39906216), vec2( 0.94558609, -0.76890725), vec2(-0.09418410, -0.92938870), vec2( 0.34495938, 0.29387760), vec2(-0.91588581, 0.45771432), vec2(-0.81544232, -0.87912464), vec2(-0.38277543, 0.27676845), vec2( 0.97484398, 0.75648379), vec2( 0.44323325, -0.97511554), vec2( 0.53742981, -0.47373420), vec2(-0.26496911, -0.41893023), vec2( 0.79197514, 0.19090188), vec2(-0.24188840, 0.99706507), vec2(-0.81409955, 0.91437590), vec2( 0.19984126, 0.78641367), vec2( 0.14383161, -0.14100790) ); float random(vec3 seed, int i) { vec4 seed4 = vec4(seed,i); float dot_product = dot(seed4, vec4(12.9898, 78.233, 45.164, 94.673)); return fract(sin(dot_product) * 43758.5453); } float amplify(float d, float scale, float offset) { d = scale * d + offset; d = clamp(d, 0, 1); d = 1 - exp2(-2.0 * d * d); return d; } void main() { vec3 lightColor = vf_l_color.xyz; float lightPower = vf_l_color.w; vec3 materialDiffuseColor = texture(vf_t_diffuse, f_textureCoordinates).xyz; vec3 materialAmbientColor = vec3(0.1, 0.1, 0.1) * materialDiffuseColor; vec3 materialSpecularColor = texture(vf_t_specular, f_textureCoordinates).xyz; vec3 n = normalize(texture(vf_t_normal, f_textureCoordinates).rgb * 2.0 - 1.0); vec3 l = normalize(f_lightDirection); float cosTheta = clamp(dot(n, l), 0.0, 1.0); vec3 E = normalize(f_eyeDirection); vec3 R = reflect(-l, n); float cosAlpha = clamp(dot(E, R), 0.0, 1.0); float visibility = 1.0; float bias = 0.005 * tan(acos(cosTheta)); bias = clamp(bias, 0.0, 0.01); for (int i = 0; i < 4; i ++) { float shading = (0.5 / 4.0); int index = i; visibility -= shading * (1.0 - texture(vf_t_shadow, vec3(f_shadowCoordinates.xy + poissonDisk[index] / 3000.0, (f_shadowCoordinates.z - bias) / f_shadowCoordinates.w))); }\n" fragColor.xyz = materialAmbientColor + visibility * materialDiffuseColor * lightColor * lightPower * cosTheta + visibility * materialSpecularColor * lightColor * lightPower * pow(cosAlpha, 5); fragColor.w = texture(vf_t_diffuse, f_textureCoordinates).w; } The following images should be enough to give you an idea of the problem. Before moving the camera: Moving the camera just a little. Moving it to the center of the scene.

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Dynamic page adding through jsPdf

- by Vishakh Shetty

I am trying to convert content from tinymce editor to pdf using Jspdf. But as JSpdf creating single pdf page only initial 30 lines from editors appering in PDF.. So how can I add page dynamically to convert whole content to pdf?? My CODE: function save_to_pdf() { var myIFrame = document.getElementById(text_ifr); var content = myIFrame.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML; $('#pdf_text').html(content); var pdf = new jsPDF('p', ' in ', 'letter'), source = $('#pdf_text')[0], specialElementHandlers = { '#bypassme': function(element, renderer) { return true; } }; pdf.fromHTML( source, // HTML string or DOM elem ref. 0.5, // x coord 0.5, // y coord { width: 7.5, // max width of content on PDF elementHandlers: specialElementHandlers } ); pdf.addImage(imageData, JPEG, 95, 5, 20, 20); pdf.save(Test.pdf); } Thanks in Advance

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Silverlight and Unexpected Font Sizes

- by Eric J.

Someone please teach me to fish here... I'm just learning Silverlight and have ran into a few situations where the font size actually used is drastically different than I would expect. There's probably something conceptual that I'm missing. Case A In one instance, I have defined a user control that presents a Label to show text. If one clicks on the label, the label (that is in a stack panel, in the user control) is replaced with a TextBox. When used at the top of a page (as in the example below with lblName) the label text is very small (around 8 points). When clicked on, the text box that replaces the label uses the specified fonts size. That same user control, used in different parts of the app, uses the same font for Label and TextBox. <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="White"> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="33" /> <RowDefinition Height="267*" /> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <StackPanel Height="Auto" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Name="stackPanel" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="Auto" Grid.Row="1" /> <my:EditLabel Height="33" HorizontalAlignment="Left" x:Name="lblName" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="Auto" FlexText="{Binding Name, Mode=TwoWay}" FontSize="20" MinHeight="24" /> </Grid> Case B I'm using the LiquidMenu.Menu control to pop up a menu when a button is pressed. The font looks huge compared to the rest of my page (maybe 36 points?). I tried forcing it to a very small by explicitly setting it to 8pt, but that had no effect. <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="{x:Null}"> <StackPanel x:Name="labelStackPanel" Orientation="Horizontal"> <TextBlock Height="24" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Name="labelText" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="200" Text="(Value Goes Here)" /> </StackPanel> <liquidMenu:Menu x:Name="popupMenu" Canvas.Left="40" Canvas.Top="40" ItemSelected="MenuList_ItemSelected" Visibility="Collapsed" Height="Auto" FontSize="8"> <liquidMenu:MenuItem ID="delete" Icon="Images/Delete10.png" Text="Delete" Shortcut="Del" /> <liquidMenu:MenuItem ID="exclusive" Icon="" Text="Exclusive" Shortcut="Ctrl+E" /> <liquidMenu:MenuItem ID="properties" Icon="" Text="Properties" Shortcut="Ctrl+P" /> </liquidMenu:Menu> </Grid> Answers to these specific issues are great, a new way to think about this type of issue so that I understand how to control font size is better.

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The parameters dictionary contains a null entry for parameter

- by ognjenb

<%using (Html.BeginForm("OrderDevice", "ImportXML", FormMethod.Post)) { %> <table id="OrderDevices" class="data-table"> <tr> <th> DeviceId </th> <th> Id </th> <th> OrderId </th> </tr> <% foreach (var item in Model) { %> <tr> <td> <input readonly="readonly" class="" id="DeviceId" type="text" name="<%= Html.Encode(item.DeviceId) %>" value="<%= Html.Encode(item.DeviceId) %>" style="width: 61px" /> </td> <td> <input readonly="readonly" class="" id="c" type="text" name= "<%= Html.Encode(item.Id) %>" value=" <%= Html.Encode(item.Id) %>" style="width: 50px" /> </td> <td> <input readonly="readonly" class="" id="OrderId" type="text" name= " <%= Html.Encode(item.OrderId) %>" value="<%= Html.Encode(item.OrderId) %> " style="width: 49px" /> </td> </tr> <% } %> </table> <input type="submit" value="Create"/> <%} %> My controller action: [AcceptVerbs(HttpVerbs.Post)] public ActionResult OrderDevice(int id) { try { // TODO: Add insert logic here orderdevice ord = new orderdevice(); ord.Id = System.Convert.ToInt32(Request.Form["Id"]); ord.OrderId = System.Convert.ToInt32(Request.Form["OrderId"]); ord.DeviceId = System.Convert.ToInt32(Request.Form["DeviceId"]); XMLEntities.AddToorderdevice(ord); XMLEntities.SaveChanges(); return RedirectToAction("Index"); } catch { return View("Index"); } } When post a form I have this error: The parameters dictionary contains a null entry for parameter 'id' of non-nullable type 'System.Int32' for method 'System.Web.Mvc.ActionResult OrderDevice(Int32)' in 'MvcKVteam.Controllers.ImportXMLController'. An optional parameter must be a reference type, a nullable type, or be declared as an optional parameter. Parameter name: parameters How fix it?

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Android text layout question: two textviews, side-by-side, with different layout alignments and weights

- by thx1200

I'm still a bit of an Android noob, forgive me if this is simple and I'm just not seeing it. There are two portions of text in a view that spans the entire width horizontally, but is only as high as one line of text. The left side must always be displayed in full, but should take no more horizontal space than it needs. The right side should be pushed over by the left side and fill up the remainder of the screen width. If the right side text is smaller than this width, the text should be right-aligned horizontally. If the text is greater than the width, it should scroll horizontally. The text on the right side will be updated frequently and should slide up with new text when the app tells it (explaining the TextSwitcher in the layout). I have tried two different layout styles. In both situations, I can get the left side to "push" the layout, the right side to scroll, but I can't figure out how to get the right side to right align. It is always left aligned. Here is a picture showing what is happening... http://img10.imageshack.us/img10/5599/androidlayout.png In addition (but less important), in my layout code I have android:fadingEdge="none" on the TextViews, but it still has a faded edge on the left and right side when it scrolls. Why is that? Here are the two layouts I created, which yield the results shown, but not the results I want. Using a horizontal LinearLayout... <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/LinearLayoutStatusBar" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_margin="2px" android:background="#555555" > <TextView android:id="@+id/TextViewTimer" android:textSize="18px" android:textColor="#FFFFFF" android:layout_gravity="left" android:layout_weight="0" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginLeft="0px" android:layout_marginRight="3px" android:text="Left Side" > </TextView> <TextSwitcher android:id="@+id/TextSwitcherDetails" android:inAnimation="@anim/push_up_in" android:outAnimation="@anim/push_up_out" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="right" android:layout_marginLeft="3px" android:layout_marginRight="0px" > <TextView android:id="@+id/TextViewDetails1" android:textSize="18px" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_gravity="right" android:singleLine="true" android:ellipsize="marquee" android:marqueeRepeatLimit="marquee_forever" android:scrollHorizontally="true" android:focusable="true" android:focusableInTouchMode="true" android:fadingEdge="none" android:text="Right Side 1" > </TextView> <TextView android:id="@+id/TextViewDetails2" android:textSize="18px" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_gravity="right" android:singleLine="true" android:ellipsize="marquee" android:marqueeRepeatLimit="marquee_forever" android:scrollHorizontally="true" android:focusable="true" android:focusableInTouchMode="true" android:fadingEdge="none" android:text="Right Side 2 - This is a really long text this is long and fun and fun and long" > </TextView> </TextSwitcher> </LinearLayout> And the RelativeLayout style... <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/LinearLayoutStatusBar" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_margin="2px" android:background="#555555" > <TextView android:id="@+id/TextViewTimer" android:textSize="18px" android:textColor="#FFFFFF" android:layout_gravity="left" android:layout_weight="0" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginLeft="0px" android:layout_marginRight="3px" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" android:text="Left Side" > </TextView> <TextSwitcher android:id="@+id/TextSwitcherDetails" android:inAnimation="@anim/push_up_in" android:outAnimation="@anim/push_up_out" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginLeft="3px" android:layout_marginRight="0px" android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/TextViewTimer" android:layout_alignParentRight="true" android:fadingEdge="none" android:fadingEdgeLength="0px" > <TextView android:id="@+id/TextViewDetails1" android:textSize="18px" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="right" android:singleLine="true" android:ellipsize="marquee" android:marqueeRepeatLimit="marquee_forever" android:scrollHorizontally="true" android:focusable="true" android:focusableInTouchMode="true" android:fadingEdge="none" android:fadingEdgeLength="0px" android:text="Right Side 1" > </TextView> <TextView android:id="@+id/TextViewDetails2" android:textSize="18px" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="right" android:singleLine="true" android:ellipsize="marquee" android:marqueeRepeatLimit="marquee_forever" android:scrollHorizontally="true" android:focusable="true" android:focusableInTouchMode="true" android:fadingEdge="none" android:fadingEdgeLength="0px" android:text="Right Side 2 - This is a really long text this is long and fun and fun and long" > </TextView> </TextSwitcher> </RelativeLayout> So how do I get that text on the right side to right-align. Thanks!

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UIWebView frame resize does not resize the inner content...

- by Markus Gömmel

Hi, if I change the frame of a UIWebView (scalesPageToFit property is YES), what do I have to do that the zooming level of a currently displayed webpage persists? Let's say I have a UIWebView frame with a width of 200 pixels, and has zoomed into a website so that only one column is visible. After changing the width to 300, I still see the column with the same size, and additional space at the left and right. But what I would need is that I still only see this column, but bigger. Any ideas what I have to do to achive this? I tried a lot of things, but nothing worked so far. By the way, the iPhone built in Safari browser does exactly this thing (with the same website, so it's not content related) when rotating the iPhone... I see the same content, bug bigger, NOT more content as it happens with my current version of code. Thanks for helping! Markus

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Silverlight RelativeSource of TemplatedParent Binding within a DataTemplate, Is it possible?

- by Matt.M

I'm trying to make a bar graph Usercontrol. I'm creating each bar using a DataTemplate. The problem is in order to compute the height of each bar, I first need to know the height of its container (the TemplatedParent). Unfortunately what I have: Height="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}, Path=Height, Converter={StaticResource HeightConverter}, Mode=OneWay}" Does not work. Each time a value of NaN is returned to my Converter. Does RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent} not work in this context? What else can I do to allow my DataTemplate to "talk" to the element it is being applied to? Incase it helps here is the barebones DataTemplate: <DataTemplate x:Key="BarGraphTemplate"> <Grid Width="30"> <Rectangle HorizontalAlignment="Center" Stroke="Black" Width="20" Height="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}, Path=Height, Converter={StaticResource HeightConverter}, Mode=OneWay}" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" /> </Grid> </DataTemplate>

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Sending and receiving a TMemoryStream using IdTCPClient and IdTCPServer

- by Martin Melka

I found Remy Lebeau's chat demo of IdTCP components in XE2 and I wanted to play with it a little bit. (It can be found here) I would like to send a picture using these components and the best approach seems to be using TMemoryStream. If I send strings, the connection works fine, the strings are transmitted successfully, however when I change it to Stream instead, it doesn't work. Here is the code: Server procedure TMainForm.IdTCPServerExecute(AContext: TIdContext); var rcvdMsg: string; ms:TMemoryStream; begin // This commented code is working, it receives and sends strings. // rcvdMsg:=AContext.Connection.IOHandler.ReadLn; // LogMessage('<ServerExec> '+rcvdMsg); // // TResponseSync.SendResponse(AContext, rcvdMsg); try ms:=TMemoryStream.Create; AContext.Connection.IOHandler.ReadStream(ms); ms.SaveToFile('c:\networked.bmp'); except LogMessage('Failed to receive',clred); end; end; Client procedure TfrmMain.Button1Click(Sender: TObject); var ms: TMemoryStream; bmp: TBitmap; pic: TPicture; s: string; begin // Again, this code is working for sending strings. // s:=edMsg.Text; // Client.IOHandler.WriteLn(s); ms:=TMemoryStream.Create; pic:=TPicture.Create; pic.LoadFromFile('c:\Back.png'); bmp:=TBitmap.Create; bmp.Width:=pic.Width; bmp.Height:=pic.Height; bmp.Canvas.Draw(0,0,pic.Graphic); bmp.SaveToStream(ms); ms.Position:=0; Client.IOHandler.Write(ms); ms.Free; end; When I try to send the stream from the client, nothing observable happens (breakpoint in the OnExecute doesn't fire). However, when closing the programs(after sending the MemoryStream), two things happen: If the Client is closed first, only then does the except part get processed (the log displays the 'Failed to receive' error. However, even if I place a breakpoint on the first line of the try-except block, it somehow gets skipped and only the error is displayed). If the Server is closed first, the IDE doesn't change back from debug, Client doesn't change its state to disconnected (as it normally does when server disconnects) and after the Client is closed as well, an Access Violation error from the Server app appears. I guess this means that there is a thread of the Server still running and maintaining the connection. But no matter how much time i give it, it never completes the task of receiving the MemoryStream. Note: The server uses IdSchedulerOfThreadDefault and IdAntiFreeze, if that matters. As I can't find any reliable source of help for the revamped Indy 10 (it all appears to apply for the older Indy 10, or even Indy 9), I hope you can tell me what is wrong. Thanks - ANSWER - SERVER procedure TMainForm.IdTCPServerExecute(AContext: TIdContext); var size: integer; ms:TMemoryStream; begin try ms:=TMemoryStream.Create; size:=AContext.Connection.IOHandler.ReadLongInt; AContext.Connection.IOHandler.ReadStream(ms, size); ms.SaveToFile('c:\networked.bmp'); except LogMessage('Failed to receive',clred); end; end; CLIENT procedure TfrmMain.Button1Click(Sender: TObject); var ms: TMemoryStream; bmp: TBitmap; pic: TPicture; begin ms:=TMemoryStream.Create; pic:=TPicture.Create; pic.LoadFromFile('c:\Back.png'); bmp:=TBitmap.Create; bmp.Width:=pic.Width; bmp.Height:=pic.Height; bmp.Canvas.Draw(0,0,pic.Graphic); bmp.SaveToStream(ms); ms.Position:=0; Client.IOHandler.Write(ms, 0, True); ms.Free; end;

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